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安徽省新高考联盟2023届高三下学期4月教学质量测评英语试题（Word版附解析及听力）
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这是一份安徽省新高考联盟2023届高三下学期4月教学质量测评英语试题（Word版附解析及听力），文件包含安徽省新高考联盟2023届高三下学期4月教学质量测评英语试题Word版附解析及听力docx、安徽省新高考联盟2023届高三下学期4月教学质量测评英语听力mp3等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共25页， 欢迎下载使用。
机密★启用前（新教材卷）
华大新高考联盟2023届高三4月教学质量测评
英语
命题：华中师范大学考试研究院
本试卷共四部分, 共12页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
★祝考试顺利★
注意事项：
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将答题卡上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分）
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题 卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What is the woman doing?
A. She is doing make-up.
B. She is calling a taxi driver.
C. She is watching a movie.
2. How will the man get to the woman’s house?
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By subway.
3. What is the problem with the computer?
A. It was broken. B. It was offline. C. It was out-dated.
4. What day is tomorrow?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
5. Why is Lucy calling the man?
A. To cancel an appointment.
B. To confirm a meeting.
C. To consult a dentist.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man think the lady is doing there?
A. Purchasing flowers. B. Buying a dress. C. Waiting for someone.
7. Where are the speakers?
A. In an art gallery. B. In a busy street. C. In a grocery shop.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. How did the woman feel?
A. Frightened. B. Unconcerned. C. Thrilled.
9. How many people were in the car?
A. 2. B. 5. C. 6.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. When did the woman's grandpa begin serving as a model?
A. When he was 80 years old.
B. When he was 78 years old.
C. When he was 60 years old.
11. What did her grandpa do before retirement?
A. A teacher. B. An assistant. C. An agent.
12. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Sister and brother. B. Old friends. C. Schoolmates.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. Who is Mrs Smith?
A. The man's teacher. B. The man's classmate. C. The man's mother.
14. What made the man's paper unsatisfying?
A. The inadequate content and numerous mistakes.
B. The considerable mistakes and copied statistics.
C. The inappropriate format and misused data.
15. How long did the man spend finishing the paper?
A. One week. B. Two weeks. C. Two days.
16. What will the man do after the talk?
A. Revise the paper. B. Rewrite the paper. C. Reassess the paper.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker?
A. A professor. B. A student. C. A manager.
18. Which is mainly mentioned by the speaker?
A. Where to apply for a job at Futurist Home.
B. Why to choose a job at Futurist Home.
C. How to land a job at Futurist Home.
19. What do students enjoy most when working at Futurist Home?
A. Respect. B. High income. C. Social status.
20. What is the most important to the company?
A. Innovative thinking. B. Formal qualifications. C. Working experience.
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You might find a few books to be helpful when it comes to adding to your reading list.
To Paradise by Hanya Yanagihara
Price: $ 29. 90
This book starts out in an alternate version of America in 1893, but by the time you reach the end, it has spanned three centuries. As you read, you'll find that each of the characters in the three different Americas in this book, despite living different lives, is united by the same things that have tested them.
Violeta by Isabel Allende
Price:$25. 76
It centers around Violeta, the first girl in a family of five boys, whose life is marked by “extraordinary events” such as the Spanish flu and the Great Depression. It is written in the form of letters to someone she loves. It is an inspiring and emotional detailed account of her life, all about the joys and losses she has experienced.
Sea of Tranquility by Emily St. John Mandel
Price: $23. 00
Edwin St. Andrew has crossed the Atlantic at just 18 years old and finds himself entering a forest when he reaches land. He hears a violin echoing（响起）and is shocked. Two centuries later, a writer features a passage in a book that seems a little too familiar: A man plays his violin as a forest rises around him.
Book Lovers by Emily Henry
Price: $ 15. 64
It centers around bookworm Nora Stephens and editor Charlic Lastra, who've met on more than one occasion （and it's never gone well）. While they keep bumping into each other in the small town of Sunshine Falls, North Carolina, where Nora has escaped to for the summer, they can't help but wonder if it keeps happening for a reason.
21. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. A book list. C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
22. What will you gain in To Paradise?
A. People's life in different periods of America.
B. Incredible experiences happening to a girl.
C. A man finding himself entering a big forest.
D. European people's lifestyles in the 1890s.
23. Which book would you choose if you like stories about two people’s encounters?
A. To Paradise. B. Violeta. C. Sea of Tranquility. D. Book Lovers.
B
As founder of the Global Water Policy Project and lead expert for National Geographic's Freshwater Initiative, Sandra's goal is to promote the conservation and sustainable use of Earth's freshwater resources.
Sandra says she grew up in New York as a “Long Island beach kid”. She is always aware of the “comfort, peace, and balance" offered by the natural world, especially the environments of wetlands and rivers. Before starting work on a project, Sandra considers an area's “geography of water": the amount of water in the area's basin, the population, and the agricultural use of water. The geography of water helps Sandra determine an arca's water stress. Water stress is the situation when a community is “using more water than nature made available”.
Sandra first became aware of the concept of water stress after reading Swedish hydrologist Malin Falkenmark's book Water for a Starving World. This groundbreaking work linked water use, food, and population. As Sandra began to understand water stress, shc realized it “affects everything", from a community's development to its political security. “So many great civilizations developed alongside rivers and lakes, ” she says, pointing to the ancient civilizations of Ur （between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers）, Egypt （which developed on the Nile）, and the Indus River Valley.
Today Sandra points out, more than 200 rivers are shared between two or more nations. Dams and other river management techniques implemented （实施）by nations upstream have a huge impact on nations downstream. The Tigris and Euphrates rivers have their sources in Turkey, for example, but their basins are in Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Syria. River management from Turkey would impact the freshwater available to these countries for drinking, hygiene（卫生）, industry, and transportation.
Water management has become part of many nations' foreign policy. Sandra points to the Mekong River Commission. The headwaters of the Mekong River are in China, although the basin is nearly 800, 000 square kilometers and includes the nations of Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. Many governments are members of the Mekong River Commission, which promotes sustainable development of the water supply.
24. What did water mean to Sandra as a child?
A. It represented a kind of spirit.
B. It brought stress to her life.
C. It made many obstacles to her.
D. It offered a way for transportation.
25. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A. Water for a Starving World is about the Nile.
B. Water contributed much to the world culture.
C. Water affected little to the steadiness of a nation.
D. Water crisis was recognized before Malin's book.
26. What inspiration can we get from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers?
A. Countries of upstream have priorities.
B. Every country has its policy for rivers.
C. Rivers across countries are decreasing.
D. Source governance of rivers is critical.
27. What's the purpose of the author taking the Mekong River as an example?
A. To show its importance to the locals.
B. To emphasize its great volume of flow.
C. To show the power of cooperation.
D. To tell its challenges to related nations.
C
A BioBlitz is an event that focuses on finding and identifying as many species as possible in a specific area over a short period of time. A BioBlitz is also known as a biological inventory（清单）or biological census （统计）. The primary goal of a BioBlitz is to get an overall count of the plants, animals, and other organisms that live in a place.
A BioBlitz differs from a scientific inventory in a number of ways. Scientific inventories are usually limited to biologists, geographers, and other scientists. A BioBlitz brings together volunteer scientists, as well as families, students, teachers, and other members of the community. While a scientific survey often focuses on unique or isolated areas, BioBlitzes focus on areas that are connected to residential, urban, and industrial areas. Finally, biological surveys may take a long period of time to conduct. A BioBlitz lasts a short period of time, traditionally 24 hours.
These differences make a BioBlitz a unique biological survey that encourages a relationship between the natural and human communities of a given area. Citizens work alongside scientists to learn about the biological diversity of local natural spaces. In the process, they gain skills and knowledge and develop a stronger connection to their home environment. A BioBlitz aims to promote and improve local natural spaces by empowering citizens to better understand and protect biodiversity.
Hundreds of BioBlitzes have been conducted all over the world, primarily in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Europe. The first BioBlitz was sponsored by the National Park Service and the National Biological Service in Washington, D. C. 's Kenilworth Park and Aquatic Gardens in 1996. Surrounded by heavy residential and industrial development, Kenilworth Park was thought to have very little biological diversity. Scientists, however, tallied more than 900 species that first year and added even more species to their list at continuous Kenilworth BioBlitzes.
28. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 2?
A. A BioBlitz either needs much time or short time.
B. A BioBlitz is different from scientific inventories.
C. A BioBlitz needs much fewer people involved.
D. A BioBlitz centres on unique or isolated areas.
29. What is the significance of BioBlitz?
A. To get a better understanding of wildlife and its conditions.
B. To give some assistance to the endangered animals and plants.
C. To change the living conditions of the wild animals around.
D. To make people know the importance of local species protection.
30. What does the underlined word “tallied” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Expected.
B. Missed.
C. Helped.
D. Listed.
31. What is the best title for the text?
A. Differences Between BioBlitz and Scientific Inventory
B. Challenges BioBlitz Will Face
C. BioBlitz, A Unique Biological Survey
D. BioBlitz, A Great Way to Protect Environment
D
A scientist in England believes that mushrooms communicate with each other using up to 50 “words”. Previous research has suggested that fungi （真菌）conduct electrical impulses（脉冲）through long, underground structures called hyphae. “It has even shown that the firing rate of these impulses increases when the hyphae of wood-digesting fungi come into contact with wooden blocks, raising the possibility that fungi use this electrical 'language' to share information about food or injury with distant parts of themselves, or with hyphae-connected partners such as trees, ” the Guardian reports.
To investigate this further, Andrew Adamatzky, a professor at the University of the West of England, decided to analyze the patterns of electrical spikes（猛增）generated by four species of fungi- enoki, split gill, ghost and caterpillar fungi. The results, published in the peer-reviewed journal Royal Society Open Science, were surprising, to say the least. He found that the electrical spikes often gathered into trains of activity, similar to vocabularies of up to 50 words. And the distribution of these fungal word lengths closely matched that of human languages. “Assuming that spikes of electrical activity are used by fungi to communicate, we demonstrate that the distribution of fungal word lengths matches that of human languages, ” he said. “We found that the size of fungal vocabulary can be up to 50 words, however, the core vocabulary of most frequently used words does not exceed 15 to 20 words. ”
However, Adamatzky also acknowledged that the species could be saying nothing at all. “There is also another option- they are saying nothing, ＂he said. “Propagating mycelium（繁殖菌丝体）tips are electrically charged, and, therefore, when the charged tips pass in a pair of differential electrodes, a spike in the potential difference is recorded. But whatever these “spiking events' represent, they do not appear to be random”, he added. “That said, we should not expect quick results. We are yet to interpret language of cats and dogs despite living with them for centuries, and research into electrical communication of fungi is in its pure fresh stage, ” Adamatzky said.
32. What discovery indicates mushrooms communicate with each other?
A. Fungi sending electrical impulses.
B. Hyphae existing in the mushrooms.
C. Mushrooms telling food from injury.
D. Wooden blocks affecting mushrooms.
33. What can be inferred about Andrew Adamatzky's experiment from Paragraph 2?
A. It quite differs from the previous discovery.
B. Electrical spikes can hardly come together.
C. It further confirms the previous discovery.
D. Only four species of fungi send out signals.
34. What did the scientist find about fungi's communication?
A. The most frequently-used “words" are up to 50.
B. Most of fungi's “words" are less frequently used.
C. Distributions of fungal word differ in different species.
D. The fungal vocabulary is closely linked to human languages.
35. What is Adamatzky's idea about mushrooms' communication in the last paragraph?
A. The discovery can benefit us.
B. The discovery is of little use.
C. We can't rely on our experiment.
D. We need much more support for it.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are some basic steps you can follow that can improve your chances of being successful in life, love, work, or whatever happens to be important to you.
Build a growth mindset
People who possess a fixed mindset believe that things such as intelligence are unchangeable. Those with a fixed mindset believe that success isn't a result of hard work. 36
Those who have a growth mindset, on the other hand, feel that they can change, grow, and learn through effort. People who believe that they are capable of growth are more likely to achieve success. When things get tough, they look for ways to improve their skills and keep working toward success.
Improve your emotional intelligence
37, but some experts suggest that emotional intelligence may actually matter even more.
Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to understand, utilize, and reason with emotions. Emotionally intelligent people are able to understand not only their own emotions, but those of others as well.
Develop mental toughness
Mental toughness refers to the resilience to carry on and continue trying even in the face of obstacles. People who possess this mental strength see challenges as opportunities. 38 , have confidence in their abilities to succeed, and are committed to finishing what they start.
39
In a studly, psychologists followed a group of children who were identified by their teachers as highly intelligent. As they compared how these subjects fared throughout childhood and into adulthood, researchers found that those who were ultimately the most successful in life shared some key characteristics, including determination and willpower. 40 , but they are also something you can improve.
A. Set achievable goals
B. Strengthen your willpower
C. It's simply a consequence of born talents
D. Life is full of situations that are not always clear
E. They also feel that they have control over their own destiny
F. These characteristics tendI to be part of an individual's overall personality
G. Overall intelligence is one factor contributing to success in different areas of life
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There really is such a thing as being “in the right place, at the right time”.
A dog with a distinctive black spot covering one eye found herself 41 on ice in the middle of a frozen river in Detroit, Michigan. Just when all seemed lost, a Coast Guard boat 42 just in the nick of time!
The Coast Guard was out on a 43 patrol（巡逻）when they spotted the animal 44 to stay afloat in the icy water. While they don't usually launch rescue 45 for animals, they 46 to be there at the time. They decided to help the poor pup in her hour of need. Without hesitation, they hurried to 47 a plana and, in no time, began their 48 rescue action to save this adorable dog.
Petty Officer Cole Harper carefully crawled across the thin ice toward the 49 animal. Once he reached the dog, he wrapped his arms around her and held on 50 while his team pulled them both back across the ice, toward the waiting boat.
Coast Guard officers warmed the dog up before 51 her to Detroit Animal Care and Control. She'll be 52 by a veterinarian（兽医）, checked for a microchip, and 53 adopted if no one steps forward to 54 her. In fact, she may already have a home lined up!
We're so glad that the Coast Guard was patrolling that particular 55 in the river that day! Let's hope this is a sign that this dog's luck is about to change in a very big way.
41. A. beaten B. rolling C. stuck D. walking
42. A. appeared B. existed C. left D. fell
43. A. design B. request C. review D. routine
44. A. struggling B. preparing C. hesitating D. pretending
45. A. instructions B. descriptions C. missions D. experiments
46. A. asked B. agreed C. managed D. happened
47. A. carry on B. work out C. rely on D. give up
48. A. common B. technical C. daily D. risky
49. A. curious B. cautious C. frightened D. embarrassed
50. A. secretly B. tightly C. happily D. willingly
51. A. passing B. showing C. delivering D. returning
52. A. explored B. confirmed C. treated D. examined
53. A. deliberately B. constantly C. conveniently D. potentially
54. A. claim B. share C. save D. catch
55. A. tool B. spot C. team D. turn
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wang Xizhi （303-361） was a Chinese calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He is the most famous Chinese calligrapher of all time and is referred to 56 the Sage of Calligraphy （书圣）.
Born in Linyi, Shandong province, he_57 （spend） most of his life in the present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang province. Wang Xizhi learned the art of calligraphy from Wei Shuo, 58 （common） addressed as Lady Wei. He excelled in every script 59 particularly in the running script （行书）. It 60（say） that even in his lifetime a few of Wang's characters and his signature were priceless. Unfortunately, none of his original works remains today. Down through the ages, however, 61 （ambition） students of that most basic yet 62 （high） art in China, calligraphy, have copied and preserved signs of his style.
Wang’s most famous work is The Preface （序言）to the Poems Com posed at the Orchid Pavilion（《兰 亭集序》）, the preface of a 63 （collect） of poems written by a number of poets when they were gathering at Lanting near the town of Shaoxing. Wang Xizhi had seven children, all of 64 were notable calligraphers. The most 65 （distinguish） one was his youngest son, Wang Xianzhi. They are known as the “Two Wangs”.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
培养责任感是中学生成长的重要环节。你校广播站英语栏目以＂How to Be a Responsible Young Person”为话题展开征文活动, 请你写一篇文章投稿。
要点：1. 拥有责任感的意义；
2. 如何做一个有责任感的人。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
How to Be a Responsible Young Person
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Christmas Story
Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when they were told something curious: “Just as you know, there're letters addressed to Santa coming to the apartment. The previous tenants（租户）received the letters too. It had been coming for years and no one knows why. ”
Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters flew in from kids or parents asking “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford: toys, coats, a doll. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. He runs a Broadway marketing company. He and Parker managed to make both ends meet.
Then in the months leading to Christmas 2021, their mailbox was flooded. Every day, they'd open it to find it filled with letters to Santa. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. But they could do only so much. The letters coming in were far more than they could deal with so there was always a pile of letters in the corner of their dining room.
One night, when Glaub and Parker held a Christmas party, a solution appeared. One of their guests noticed the hundreds of letters they'd yet to act upon and asked about them. And some guests even read the letters and knew about the stories behind them, making them hold back tears due to the unlucky kids and their miserable parents.
Glaub told them the story and his guests were interested. A lot of people were like “I'll take a letter. I'll fulfill it. ” That's when Glaub and Parker realized they didn't have to fulfill all these wishes themselves. “People want to help. ” And there was a miracle born on 22nd Street, where a community- based volunteer organization that responds to children's letters to Santa with greetings and gifts was established.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 开头已给出。
Paragraph 1:
To spread the kindness, they started a website and a Facebook page.
Paragraph 2:
The good deed was advocated by many media.
机密★启用前（新教材卷）
华大新高考联盟2023届高三4月教学质量测评
英语参考答案和评分标准
第一部分听力
1-5 AABBA
6-10 CAABB
11-15 ABABB
16-20 ACBAA
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐并简要介绍了四本书。
21. 【答案】B
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】全文是书目推荐, 因此应出现在书目里。
22. 【答案】A
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】To Paradise介绍了三个世纪里美国人生活的变迁。
23. 【答案】D
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】Book Lovers 介绍了书迷 Nora Stephens 和编辑Charlie Lastra多次偶遇的故事。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作为全球水政策项目的创始人和国家地理淡水倡议的首席专家Sandra在全球淡水资源的合理利用与可持续发展方面所做出的努力。
24. 【答案】A
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】从第二段第二句“She was always aware of the ＇comfort, peace, and balance＇ offered by the natural world, especially the environments of wetlands and rivers. ”可知, 水对于Sandra来说代表着一种精神。
25. 【答案】B
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】从第三段第四句中的“＇So many great civilizations developed alongside rivers and lakes, ＇she says, pointing to the ancient civilizations of Ur. . . ”可知, 水在世界文明发展中起重要作用。
26. 【答案】D
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】从第四段第二句“Dams and other river management techniques implemented（实施）by nations upstream have a huge impact on nations downstream. ”可知, 上游国家对河流的管理至关重要。
27. 【答案】C
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】作者在最后一段讲述了湄公河的情况。从最后一句“Many governments are members of the Mekong River Commission, which promotes sustainable development of the water supply. ”可知, 合作治理对于水供应的可持续发展具有促进作用。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“生物限时寻（BioBlitz）”活动的相关信息。
28. 【答案】B
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】从第二段第一句, 即主旨句“A BioBlitz differs from a scientific inventory in a number of ways. ”可知, 第二段旨在介绍“生物限时寻”与科学调查研究的区别。
29. 【答案】D
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】从第三段最后一句“A BioBlitz aims to promote and improve local natural spaces by empoweringcitizens to better understand and protect biodiversity. ”可知, “生物限时寻”活动的意义是让人们更好地理解和保护当地生物的多样性。
30. 【答案】D
【命题意图】词义猜测题
【解析】从画线词后的并列短语动词“added even more species to their list”可知, tallied（原形为tally）的意思是“记录；列清单”。
31. 【答案】C
【命题意图】主旨大意题
【解析】文章介绍了“生物限时寻”活动的相关信息, 因此C项最能概括全文主旨。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家对蘑菇“交流”现象的研究。
32. 【答案】A
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】从第一段中的“Previous research has suggested that fungi（真菌）conduct electrical impulses（脉 冲）through long, underground structures called hyphae. “It has even shown that the firing rate of these impulses increases when the hyphae of wood-digesting fungi come into contact with wooden blocks. . . ＇”可知, 是根据真菌能产生电脉冲这一发现而推断出蘑菇可以交流。
33. 【答案】C
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】从第二段第三句“He found that the electrical spikes often gathered into trains of activity, similar to vocabularies of up to 50 words. ”可知, 他的实验进一步证实了以前的发现。
34. 【答案】B
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】从第二段最后一句中的“the core vocabulary of most frequently used words does not exceed 15 to20 words”可知, 在这50个词中, 核心词汇只有15至20个, 因此大部分是不经常使用的。
35. 【答案】D
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】从最后一段最后一句中的“We are yet to interpret language of cats and dogs despite living with them for centuries, and research into electrical communication of fungi is in its pure fresh stage”可知, Adamatzky认为人类对于蘑菇交流的研究还只是在初始阶段, 需要更多的证据支撑。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何成为有成就的人。
36. 【答案】C
【命题意图】总结句
【解析】从空前的“Those with a fixed mindset believe that success isn＇t a result of hard work. ”可知, 有固定思维的人往往认为, 成功不是努力的结果, 而是源于天生的才能。
37. 【答案】G
【命题意图】细节句
【解析】从空后的“but some experts suggest that emotional intelligence may actually matter even more”可以推断, 尽管智力对一个人能否在生活的方方面面取得成功的作用很大, 但是一些专家认为情商更重要。
38. 【答案】E
【命题意图】细节句
【解析】从空后的“have confidence in their abilities to succeed, and are committed to finishing what theystart”可以推断, 坚韧的人相信他们自己掌握着自己的命运, 对于自己取得成功的能力充满自信, 并且能做到有始有终。
39. 【答案】B
【命题意图】主旨句
【解析】后文的“including determination and willpower”与B项的关键词“willpower”重合。
40. 【答案】F
【命题意图】细节句
【解析】空后的“but they are also something you can improve”与空处为转折关系, 由此可知, 这些特征很可能成为一个人大体性格的一部分, 但是它们也是可以改进的。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只被困在结冰的河面上的小狗被巡逻路过的海岸警卫队员救起的故事。
41. 【答案】C
【解析】结合下文“on ice in the middle of a frozen river”可知, 这只狗发现自己被困在结了冰的河面上。stuck 意为“被困住”。
42. 【答案】A
【解析】正当一切都没有希望的时候, 一艘海岸警卫队的船在这个关键时刻出现了。appear意为“出现”。
43. 【答案】D
【解析】海岸警卫队是在执行日常的巡逻任务。routine意为“常规的；例行的”。
44. 【答案】A
【解析】这个时候警卫队员看到这只小狗挣扎着浮在河面。struggle意为“奋力挣扎”。
45. 【答案】C
【解析】此处指他们之前没有执行过这一类的营救行动。mission意为“行动；任务”。
46. 【答案】D
【解析】然而这个时候, 他们正好在这里, 他们决定在这只狗需要帮助的时候帮助它。happen to do sth. 意为“碰巧做某事”。
47. 【答案】B
【解析】他们很快制定了营救计划。work out aplan 意为“制定计划”。
48. 【答案】D
【解析】他们要去结了冰的河面上救出小狗, 下文“crawled across the thin ice”提到冰很薄, 由此可知, 这样的营救行动是有风险的。risky意为“有风险的”。
49. 【答案】C
【解析】小狗被困在冰河中, 自然是感到害怕的。frightened意为“感到害怕的”。
50. 【答案】B
【解析】此处写的是营救的过程, 海军士官Cole Harper小心地爬过薄冰, 然后到了小狗身边, 紧紧抱住小狗, 他的队友在把他们从冰面上拉回来。tightly意为“紧紧地”。
51. 【答案】C
【解析】结合语境可知, 此处指在把这只小狗送往动物收容所之前海岸警卫队的军官们为它暖身。＂deliver. . . to. . . ”意为“把······送往······”。
52. 【答案】D
【解析】兽医要对这只小狗进行检查, 看看它的身体怎么样。examine意为“检查”。
53. 【答案】D
【解析】结合语境可知, 如果没有人来认领它, 那么它有可能就要被收养。potentially 意为“可能地”。
54. 【答案】A
【解析】结合上一题可知, 此处表示小狗如果没有人认领。claim意为“认领”。
55. 【答案】B
【解析】我们很高兴那天海岸警卫队碰巧在那条河里的那个地方巡逻！spot意为“地点；场所”。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。全文介绍了王羲之的书法艺术。
56. 【答案】as
【命题意图】考查介词
【解析】＂refer to. . . as. . . ”为固定搭配, 意为“把······看作······”。
57. 【答案】spent
【命题意图】考查时态
【解析】此句讲述王羲之的经历, 是过去的事情, 应用动词和过去式。
58. 【答案】commonly
【命题意图】考查副词
【解析】本空为副词作状语, 修饰过去分词addressed。
59. 【答案】and
【命题意图】考查连词
【解析】句意：他书法精湛, 特别是行书。前后句为顺承关系, 故用连词and。
60. 【答案】is said
【命题意图】考查时态和语态
【解析】“It is said that. . . ”为固定句式, 意为“据说······”, 一般表示现在的情况, 因此用一般现在时。
61. 【答案】ambitious
【命题意图】考查形容词
【解析】本空为形容词作定语, 修饰名词 students。
62. 【答案】highest
【命题意图】考查最高级
【解析】根据空前的“that most basic”可知, 本空用最高级, 表示书法是最基础的, 同时也是最高的艺术。
63. 【答案】collection
【命题意图】考查名词
【解析】根据空前的a可知, 此处用单数名词。
64. 【答案】whom
【命题意图】考查定语从句
【解析】“all of whom were notable calligraphers”为非限制性定语从句, 先行词是人, 关系词作介词短语的宾语, 故用关系代词whom。
65. 【答案】distinguished
【命题意图】考查过去分词
【解析】distinguished 意为“著名的；卓越的”。
第四部分 写作
第一节
How to Be a Responsible Young Person
Undoubtedly, responsibility is regarded as one of the most important moral qualities. People with responsibility can be trusted and no one can become successful without a good sense of responsibility.
What does responsibility mean for young people? First and foremost, it is of vital importance for us to take good care of ourselves. Secondly, being responsible means studying hard as much as we can. Only with enough knowledge can we serve our country better. Besides, doing our duty independently and helping those in need are equally important. Finally, as a citizen, what we are supposed to do is to obey the laws, regulations and rules of the country.
第二节
To spread the kindness, they started a website and a Facebook page. Working with other non-profit organizations that help those in need, they invited families from around the country to go online and request gifts for their children. On the other hand, donors, also known as “elves（精灵）”, can sign up to buy gifts for a child or a family. However, there was a special request: a child suffering from an incurable disease dreamed of being a firefighter. Having heard the story, the local fire department acted as the elf, providing a one-day firefighter experience for the kid.
The good deed was advocated by many media. Actually, what they did made a considerable difference to many families especially for those who suffered from some misfortunes and waited for some miracles, thus making the public pay close attention to it. Besides, they appealed to citizens to join in the campaign and helped some unfortunate kids to realize their dreams. For the following years, on the Christmas, the people who received the letter acted as Santa, which meant a lot to families living in despair.
英语听力录音材料
Text 1
M: Oh, dear! You may as well hurry up or we will be late for the movie.
W: Give me another 15 minutes to finish my make-up and you can call a taxi in advance.
Text 2
M:Aren't you at home?
W:Nope, I just got out of the office and I will be at home in 15 minutes by subway. Why don't you come by for a cup of tea?
M: OK, see you soon. I just got off the bus and then I will walk to your house. I happen to have something to discuss with you.
Text 3
M:My God, my computer is down again. What should I do to fix the problem?
W: It possibly broke down. Let me have a look!
M:So considerate of you.
W:Um. . something wrong with the net. I will help you to reconnect it to the Internet.
Text 4
M:I am sorry. But I can't finish it today. Can I do the task tomorrow?
W: Sure. But you should keep in mind that the due time is Friday.
M:Yeah, today is Wednesday. I should speed up.
Text 5
W:Hi, this is Lucy from Dr. Lewis' office. We just want to remind you that your appointment of examining your teeth will be called off because our doctor has been sick for several days.
M:Really sorry to hear that. So how about next Monday?
W:That's fine!
Text 6
M:Wow, there are so many fascinating paintings here.
W:Yeah, it is indeed worth a visit. Look at this one. Isn't it amazing?
M:Yes. That lady in the painting is so elegant and charming. Look how she is standing in the middle of the street. There's a bicycle near her and she's holding a bunch of flowers.
W: Her headscarf is covering most of her face. I can only see her shiny eyes. Um, she's definitely looking into the distance. What do you think she is doing there?
M:Perhaps she is waiting for somebody. Look! Behind her there are some antique shops and grocery stores, and numerous people are wandering there.
W:Yeah, judging from the clothes, it's probably somewhere in the Middle East.
Text 7
M:Oh, goodness! Did you just witness the accident nearby?
W: Yeah, I just hung out with my friends and was right on the scene. It was terribly scary!
M: I've never seen such a car crash before. I saw it from my balcony, numb with shock.
W: Ah! And I heard that 2 kids died, and their parents as well as the driver were severely injured.
M: Poor kids, so sorry to hear that. Much worse, a pedestrian also was knocked down and got hurt.
W:Because the car rushed out of the driveway, hitting the pole beside the road.
M:No wonder the car was out of shape.
W:Hope everything will be fine.
Text 8
W: Hey, Tom. I want to tell you something incredible.
M:Yes?
W: You know my grandpa. He is already 80 years old. People at this age, I mean over 60, usually retire at home and feel free to wander in the park or walk the dog. But my grandIpa began to set foot in fashion shows as a model 2 years ago.
M:Wow, words fail me when praising his boldness.
W:Me too!
M: Why did he desire to become a model?
W:There is a dream of becoming a professional model rooted in his mind. However, because of the hardship, he had to quit and worked as a teacher to raise kids. Look, these are the pictures of his previous shows.
M:Wow, unbelievable! The elderly always look pale and live in the old fashion.
W:He goes to the stage regularly and he even has been hired by a clothing company. Without doubt, he is a professional model now.
M:If possible, I hope I can pay a visit to your house and have a talk with your grandpa since we haven't seen each other for 8 years.
W:Say, why don't you come with me this Saturday? I know he'd love to see you.
M:Thanks, I'd love to.
Text 9
M:Excuse me, Mrs Smith. I have something to talk to you.
W:OK, go ahead.
M: I am your student Andy, and I have got my score C. I want to know why.
W:Wait a minute. Let me check. Actually, your attendance is quite good, but your course paper is far from satisfactory.
M:Er, I have tried my best.
W:Well, your paper's content is to the point but there are so many errors and even some data are directly copied from other papers. This is inappropriate for paper writing.
M: Um, since the time is so limited, I have to finish it within two weeks.
W:No excuse, my boy! I will give you one more chance if you could polish it and submit your new edition next week. I will reassess your paper and give you a final score.
M: Thank you so much. And apart from the data and mistakes, are there any other tips?
W:Well, it would be better if you could pay attention to the format.
M: Copy that, and I will spare no effort to meet your criteria by polishing it. Thank you again.
W: For me, I'd love to see your progress as well as your efforts.
Text 10
M:Hello, everyone! First let me introduce myself briefly. My name is Tom Barker, and I work at an institution as a senior manager of human resources. I'm here to give a presentation about students' summer jobs. Around the world, university students choose to work in the summer. They need the money for further study, and they can get some working experience as well. As is often the case, they serve as receptionists in hotels, cashiers in grocery stores, and lifeguards at swimming pools.
These days, however, more and more students tend to work at Futurist Home. It is an Internet-based enterprise, offering goods and services online. Today's young people already know a lot about computers, and they are capable of handling Internet issues. The handsome pay is usually much better than that of the traditional summer jobs.
There are other advantages besides the pay. Students see the jobs at Futurist Home as a good start for their future. In addition to providing good experience, the work is also enjoyable for most students.
On top of this, their colleagues treat them with respect.
This firm is brand new and needs innovative ways of thinking. Few formal qualifications are claimed as imagination is more important. On the basis of this fact, considerable college students without much working experience are currently applying for a position in this company.
机密★启用前（新教材卷）
华大新高考联盟2023届高三4月教学质量测评
英语
命题：华中师范大学考试研究院
本试卷共四部分, 共12页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
★祝考试顺利★
注意事项：
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将答题卡上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分）
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题 卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What is the woman doing?
A. She is doing make-up.
B. She is calling a taxi driver.
C. She is watching a movie.
2. How will the man get to the woman’s house?
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By subway.
3. What is the problem with the computer?
A. It was broken. B. It was offline. C. It was out-dated.
4. What day is tomorrow?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
5. Why is Lucy calling the man?
A. To cancel an appointment.
B. To confirm a meeting.
C. To consult a dentist.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man think the lady is doing there?
A. Purchasing flowers. B. Buying a dress. C. Waiting for someone.
7. Where are the speakers?
A. In an art gallery. B. In a busy street. C. In a grocery shop.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. How did the woman feel?
A. Frightened. B. Unconcerned. C. Thrilled.
9. How many people were in the car?
A. 2. B. 5. C. 6.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. When did the woman's grandpa begin serving as a model?
A. When he was 80 years old.
B. When he was 78 years old.
C. When he was 60 years old.
11. What did her grandpa do before retirement?
A. A teacher. B. An assistant. C. An agent.
12. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Sister and brother. B. Old friends. C. Schoolmates.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. Who is Mrs Smith?
A. The man's teacher. B. The man's classmate. C. The man's mother.
14. What made the man's paper unsatisfying?
A. The inadequate content and numerous mistakes.
B. The considerable mistakes and copied statistics.
C. The inappropriate format and misused data.
15. How long did the man spend finishing the paper?
A. One week. B. Two weeks. C. Two days.
16. What will the man do after the talk?
A. Revise the paper. B. Rewrite the paper. C. Reassess the paper.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker?
A. A professor. B. A student. C. A manager.
18. Which is mainly mentioned by the speaker?
A. Where to apply for a job at Futurist Home.
B. Why to choose a job at Futurist Home.
C. How to land a job at Futurist Home.
19. What do students enjoy most when working at Futurist Home?
A. Respect. B. High income. C. Social status.
20. What is the most important to the company?
A. Innovative thinking. B. Formal qualifications. C. Working experience.
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You might find a few books to be helpful when it comes to adding to your reading list.
To Paradise by Hanya Yanagihara
Price: $ 29. 90
This book starts out in an alternate version of America in 1893, but by the time you reach the end, it has spanned three centuries. As you read, you'll find that each of the characters in the three different Americas in this book, despite living different lives, is united by the same things that have tested them.
Violeta by Isabel Allende
Price:$25. 76
It centers around Violeta, the first girl in a family of five boys, whose life is marked by “extraordinary events” such as the Spanish flu and the Great Depression. It is written in the form of letters to someone she loves. It is an inspiring and emotional detailed account of her life, all about the joys and losses she has experienced.
Sea of Tranquility by Emily St. John Mandel
Price: $23. 00
Edwin St. Andrew has crossed the Atlantic at just 18 years old and finds himself entering a forest when he reaches land. He hears a violin echoing（响起）and is shocked. Two centuries later, a writer features a passage in a book that seems a little too familiar: A man plays his violin as a forest rises around him.
Book Lovers by Emily Henry
Price: $ 15. 64
It centers around bookworm Nora Stephens and editor Charlic Lastra, who've met on more than one occasion （and it's never gone well）. While they keep bumping into each other in the small town of Sunshine Falls, North Carolina, where Nora has escaped to for the summer, they can't help but wonder if it keeps happening for a reason.
21. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. A book list. C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
22. What will you gain in To Paradise?
A. People's life in different periods of America.
B. Incredible experiences happening to a girl.
C. A man finding himself entering a big forest.
D. European people's lifestyles in the 1890s.
23. Which book would you choose if you like stories about two people’s encounters?
A. To Paradise. B. Violeta. C. Sea of Tranquility. D. Book Lovers.
B
As founder of the Global Water Policy Project and lead expert for National Geographic's Freshwater Initiative, Sandra's goal is to promote the conservation and sustainable use of Earth's freshwater resources.
Sandra says she grew up in New York as a “Long Island beach kid”. She is always aware of the “comfort, peace, and balance" offered by the natural world, especially the environments of wetlands and rivers. Before starting work on a project, Sandra considers an area's “geography of water": the amount of water in the area's basin, the population, and the agricultural use of water. The geography of water helps Sandra determine an arca's water stress. Water stress is the situation when a community is “using more water than nature made available”.
Sandra first became aware of the concept of water stress after reading Swedish hydrologist Malin Falkenmark's book Water for a Starving World. This groundbreaking work linked water use, food, and population. As Sandra began to understand water stress, shc realized it “affects everything", from a community's development to its political security. “So many great civilizations developed alongside rivers and lakes, ” she says, pointing to the ancient civilizations of Ur （between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers）, Egypt （which developed on the Nile）, and the Indus River Valley.
Today Sandra points out, more than 200 rivers are shared between two or more nations. Dams and other river management techniques implemented （实施）by nations upstream have a huge impact on nations downstream. The Tigris and Euphrates rivers have their sources in Turkey, for example, but their basins are in Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Syria. River management from Turkey would impact the freshwater available to these countries for drinking, hygiene（卫生）, industry, and transportation.
Water management has become part of many nations' foreign policy. Sandra points to the Mekong River Commission. The headwaters of the Mekong River are in China, although the basin is nearly 800, 000 square kilometers and includes the nations of Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. Many governments are members of the Mekong River Commission, which promotes sustainable development of the water supply.
24. What did water mean to Sandra as a child?
A. It represented a kind of spirit.
B. It brought stress to her life.
C. It made many obstacles to her.
D. It offered a way for transportation.
25. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A. Water for a Starving World is about the Nile.
B. Water contributed much to the world culture.
C. Water affected little to the steadiness of a nation.
D. Water crisis was recognized before Malin's book.
26. What inspiration can we get from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers?
A. Countries of upstream have priorities.
B. Every country has its policy for rivers.
C. Rivers across countries are decreasing.
D. Source governance of rivers is critical.
27. What's the purpose of the author taking the Mekong River as an example?
A. To show its importance to the locals.
B. To emphasize its great volume of flow.
C. To show the power of cooperation.
D. To tell its challenges to related nations.
C
A BioBlitz is an event that focuses on finding and identifying as many species as possible in a specific area over a short period of time. A BioBlitz is also known as a biological inventory（清单）or biological census （统计）. The primary goal of a BioBlitz is to get an overall count of the plants, animals, and other organisms that live in a place.
A BioBlitz differs from a scientific inventory in a number of ways. Scientific inventories are usually limited to biologists, geographers, and other scientists. A BioBlitz brings together volunteer scientists, as well as families, students, teachers, and other members of the community. While a scientific survey often focuses on unique or isolated areas, BioBlitzes focus on areas that are connected to residential, urban, and industrial areas. Finally, biological surveys may take a long period of time to conduct. A BioBlitz lasts a short period of time, traditionally 24 hours.
These differences make a BioBlitz a unique biological survey that encourages a relationship between the natural and human communities of a given area. Citizens work alongside scientists to learn about the biological diversity of local natural spaces. In the process, they gain skills and knowledge and develop a stronger connection to their home environment. A BioBlitz aims to promote and improve local natural spaces by empowering citizens to better understand and protect biodiversity.
Hundreds of BioBlitzes have been conducted all over the world, primarily in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Europe. The first BioBlitz was sponsored by the National Park Service and the National Biological Service in Washington, D. C. 's Kenilworth Park and Aquatic Gardens in 1996. Surrounded by heavy residential and industrial development, Kenilworth Park was thought to have very little biological diversity. Scientists, however, tallied more than 900 species that first year and added even more species to their list at continuous Kenilworth BioBlitzes.
28. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 2?
A. A BioBlitz either needs much time or short time.
B. A BioBlitz is different from scientific inventories.
C. A BioBlitz needs much fewer people involved.
D. A BioBlitz centres on unique or isolated areas.
29. What is the significance of BioBlitz?
A. To get a better understanding of wildlife and its conditions.
B. To give some assistance to the endangered animals and plants.
C. To change the living conditions of the wild animals around.
D. To make people know the importance of local species protection.
30. What does the underlined word “tallied” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Expected.
B. Missed.
C. Helped.
D. Listed.
31. What is the best title for the text?
A. Differences Between BioBlitz and Scientific Inventory
B. Challenges BioBlitz Will Face
C. BioBlitz, A Unique Biological Survey
D. BioBlitz, A Great Way to Protect Environment
D
A scientist in England believes that mushrooms communicate with each other using up to 50 “words”. Previous research has suggested that fungi （真菌）conduct electrical impulses（脉冲）through long, underground structures called hyphae. “It has even shown that the firing rate of these impulses increases when the hyphae of wood-digesting fungi come into contact with wooden blocks, raising the possibility that fungi use this electrical 'language' to share information about food or injury with distant parts of themselves, or with hyphae-connected partners such as trees, ” the Guardian reports.
To investigate this further, Andrew Adamatzky, a professor at the University of the West of England, decided to analyze the patterns of electrical spikes（猛增）generated by four species of fungi- enoki, split gill, ghost and caterpillar fungi. The results, published in the peer-reviewed journal Royal Society Open Science, were surprising, to say the least. He found that the electrical spikes often gathered into trains of activity, similar to vocabularies of up to 50 words. And the distribution of these fungal word lengths closely matched that of human languages. “Assuming that spikes of electrical activity are used by fungi to communicate, we demonstrate that the distribution of fungal word lengths matches that of human languages, ” he said. “We found that the size of fungal vocabulary can be up to 50 words, however, the core vocabulary of most frequently used words does not exceed 15 to 20 words. ”
However, Adamatzky also acknowledged that the species could be saying nothing at all. “There is also another option- they are saying nothing, ＂he said. “Propagating mycelium（繁殖菌丝体）tips are electrically charged, and, therefore, when the charged tips pass in a pair of differential electrodes, a spike in the potential difference is recorded. But whatever these “spiking events' represent, they do not appear to be random”, he added. “That said, we should not expect quick results. We are yet to interpret language of cats and dogs despite living with them for centuries, and research into electrical communication of fungi is in its pure fresh stage, ” Adamatzky said.
32. What discovery indicates mushrooms communicate with each other?
A. Fungi sending electrical impulses.
B. Hyphae existing in the mushrooms.
C. Mushrooms telling food from injury.
D. Wooden blocks affecting mushrooms.
33. What can be inferred about Andrew Adamatzky's experiment from Paragraph 2?
A. It quite differs from the previous discovery.
B. Electrical spikes can hardly come together.
C. It further confirms the previous discovery.
D. Only four species of fungi send out signals.
34. What did the scientist find about fungi's communication?
A. The most frequently-used “words" are up to 50.
B. Most of fungi's “words" are less frequently used.
C. Distributions of fungal word differ in different species.
D. The fungal vocabulary is closely linked to human languages.
35. What is Adamatzky's idea about mushrooms' communication in the last paragraph?
A. The discovery can benefit us.
B. The discovery is of little use.
C. We can't rely on our experiment.
D. We need much more support for it.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are some basic steps you can follow that can improve your chances of being successful in life, love, work, or whatever happens to be important to you.
Build a growth mindset
People who possess a fixed mindset believe that things such as intelligence are unchangeable. Those with a fixed mindset believe that success isn't a result of hard work. 36
Those who have a growth mindset, on the other hand, feel that they can change, grow, and learn through effort. People who believe that they are capable of growth are more likely to achieve success. When things get tough, they look for ways to improve their skills and keep working toward success.
Improve your emotional intelligence
37, but some experts suggest that emotional intelligence may actually matter even more.
Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to understand, utilize, and reason with emotions. Emotionally intelligent people are able to understand not only their own emotions, but those of others as well.
Develop mental toughness
Mental toughness refers to the resilience to carry on and continue trying even in the face of obstacles. People who possess this mental strength see challenges as opportunities. 38 , have confidence in their abilities to succeed, and are committed to finishing what they start.
39
In a studly, psychologists followed a group of children who were identified by their teachers as highly intelligent. As they compared how these subjects fared throughout childhood and into adulthood, researchers found that those who were ultimately the most successful in life shared some key characteristics, including determination and willpower. 40 , but they are also something you can improve.
A. Set achievable goals
B. Strengthen your willpower
C. It's simply a consequence of born talents
D. Life is full of situations that are not always clear
E. They also feel that they have control over their own destiny
F. These characteristics tendI to be part of an individual's overall personality
G. Overall intelligence is one factor contributing to success in different areas of life
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There really is such a thing as being “in the right place, at the right time”.
A dog with a distinctive black spot covering one eye found herself 41 on ice in the middle of a frozen river in Detroit, Michigan. Just when all seemed lost, a Coast Guard boat 42 just in the nick of time!
The Coast Guard was out on a 43 patrol（巡逻）when they spotted the animal 44 to stay afloat in the icy water. While they don't usually launch rescue 45 for animals, they 46 to be there at the time. They decided to help the poor pup in her hour of need. Without hesitation, they hurried to 47 a plana and, in no time, began their 48 rescue action to save this adorable dog.
Petty Officer Cole Harper carefully crawled across the thin ice toward the 49 animal. Once he reached the dog, he wrapped his arms around her and held on 50 while his team pulled them both back across the ice, toward the waiting boat.
Coast Guard officers warmed the dog up before 51 her to Detroit Animal Care and Control. She'll be 52 by a veterinarian（兽医）, checked for a microchip, and 53 adopted if no one steps forward to 54 her. In fact, she may already have a home lined up!
We're so glad that the Coast Guard was patrolling that particular 55 in the river that day! Let's hope this is a sign that this dog's luck is about to change in a very big way.
41. A. beaten B. rolling C. stuck D. walking
42. A. appeared B. existed C. left D. fell
43. A. design B. request C. review D. routine
44. A. struggling B. preparing C. hesitating D. pretending
45. A. instructions B. descriptions C. missions D. experiments
46. A. asked B. agreed C. managed D. happened
47. A. carry on B. work out C. rely on D. give up
48. A. common B. technical C. daily D. risky
49. A. curious B. cautious C. frightened D. embarrassed
50. A. secretly B. tightly C. happily D. willingly
51. A. passing B. showing C. delivering D. returning
52. A. explored B. confirmed C. treated D. examined
53. A. deliberately B. constantly C. conveniently D. potentially
54. A. claim B. share C. save D. catch
55. A. tool B. spot C. team D. turn
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wang Xizhi （303-361） was a Chinese calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He is the most famous Chinese calligrapher of all time and is referred to 56 the Sage of Calligraphy （书圣）.
Born in Linyi, Shandong province, he_57 （spend） most of his life in the present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang province. Wang Xizhi learned the art of calligraphy from Wei Shuo, 58 （common） addressed as Lady Wei. He excelled in every script 59 particularly in the running script （行书）. It 60（say） that even in his lifetime a few of Wang's characters and his signature were priceless. Unfortunately, none of his original works remains today. Down through the ages, however, 61 （ambition） students of that most basic yet 62 （high） art in China, calligraphy, have copied and preserved signs of his style.
Wang’s most famous work is The Preface （序言）to the Poems Com posed at the Orchid Pavilion（《兰 亭集序》）, the preface of a 63 （collect） of poems written by a number of poets when they were gathering at Lanting near the town of Shaoxing. Wang Xizhi had seven children, all of 64 were notable calligraphers. The most 65 （distinguish） one was his youngest son, Wang Xianzhi. They are known as the “Two Wangs”.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
培养责任感是中学生成长的重要环节。你校广播站英语栏目以＂How to Be a Responsible Young Person”为话题展开征文活动, 请你写一篇文章投稿。
要点：1. 拥有责任感的意义；
2. 如何做一个有责任感的人。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
How to Be a Responsible Young Person
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Christmas Story
Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when they were told something curious: “Just as you know, there're letters addressed to Santa coming to the apartment. The previous tenants（租户）received the letters too. It had been coming for years and no one knows why. ”
Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters flew in from kids or parents asking “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford: toys, coats, a doll. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. He runs a Broadway marketing company. He and Parker managed to make both ends meet.
Then in the months leading to Christmas 2021, their mailbox was flooded. Every day, they'd open it to find it filled with letters to Santa. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. But they could do only so much. The letters coming in were far more than they could deal with so there was always a pile of letters in the corner of their dining room.
One night, when Glaub and Parker held a Christmas party, a solution appeared. One of their guests noticed the hundreds of letters they'd yet to act upon and asked about them. And some guests even read the letters and knew about the stories behind them, making them hold back tears due to the unlucky kids and their miserable parents.
Glaub told them the story and his guests were interested. A lot of people were like “I'll take a letter. I'll fulfill it. ” That's when Glaub and Parker realized they didn't have to fulfill all these wishes themselves. “People want to help. ” And there was a miracle born on 22nd Street, where a community- based volunteer organization that responds to children's letters to Santa with greetings and gifts was established.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 开头已给出。
Paragraph 1:
To spread the kindness, they started a website and a Facebook page.
Paragraph 2:
The good deed was advocated by many media.
机密★启用前（新教材卷）
华大新高考联盟2023届高三4月教学质量测评
英语参考答案和评分标准
第一部分听力
1-5 AABBA
6-10 CAABB
11-15 ABABB
16-20 ACBAA
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐并简要介绍了四本书。
21. 【答案】B
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】全文是书目推荐, 因此应出现在书目里。
22. 【答案】A
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】To Paradise介绍了三个世纪里美国人生活的变迁。
23. 【答案】D
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】Book Lovers 介绍了书迷 Nora Stephens 和编辑Charlie Lastra多次偶遇的故事。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作为全球水政策项目的创始人和国家地理淡水倡议的首席专家Sandra在全球淡水资源的合理利用与可持续发展方面所做出的努力。
24. 【答案】A
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】从第二段第二句“She was always aware of the ＇comfort, peace, and balance＇ offered by the natural world, especially the environments of wetlands and rivers. ”可知, 水对于Sandra来说代表着一种精神。
25. 【答案】B
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】从第三段第四句中的“＇So many great civilizations developed alongside rivers and lakes, ＇she says, pointing to the ancient civilizations of Ur. . . ”可知, 水在世界文明发展中起重要作用。
26. 【答案】D
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】从第四段第二句“Dams and other river management techniques implemented（实施）by nations upstream have a huge impact on nations downstream. ”可知, 上游国家对河流的管理至关重要。
27. 【答案】C
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】作者在最后一段讲述了湄公河的情况。从最后一句“Many governments are members of the Mekong River Commission, which promotes sustainable development of the water supply. ”可知, 合作治理对于水供应的可持续发展具有促进作用。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“生物限时寻（BioBlitz）”活动的相关信息。
28. 【答案】B
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】从第二段第一句, 即主旨句“A BioBlitz differs from a scientific inventory in a number of ways. ”可知, 第二段旨在介绍“生物限时寻”与科学调查研究的区别。
29. 【答案】D
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】从第三段最后一句“A BioBlitz aims to promote and improve local natural spaces by empoweringcitizens to better understand and protect biodiversity. ”可知, “生物限时寻”活动的意义是让人们更好地理解和保护当地生物的多样性。
30. 【答案】D
【命题意图】词义猜测题
【解析】从画线词后的并列短语动词“added even more species to their list”可知, tallied（原形为tally）的意思是“记录；列清单”。
31. 【答案】C
【命题意图】主旨大意题
【解析】文章介绍了“生物限时寻”活动的相关信息, 因此C项最能概括全文主旨。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家对蘑菇“交流”现象的研究。
32. 【答案】A
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】从第一段中的“Previous research has suggested that fungi（真菌）conduct electrical impulses（脉 冲）through long, underground structures called hyphae. “It has even shown that the firing rate of these impulses increases when the hyphae of wood-digesting fungi come into contact with wooden blocks. . . ＇”可知, 是根据真菌能产生电脉冲这一发现而推断出蘑菇可以交流。
33. 【答案】C
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】从第二段第三句“He found that the electrical spikes often gathered into trains of activity, similar to vocabularies of up to 50 words. ”可知, 他的实验进一步证实了以前的发现。
34. 【答案】B
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】从第二段最后一句中的“the core vocabulary of most frequently used words does not exceed 15 to20 words”可知, 在这50个词中, 核心词汇只有15至20个, 因此大部分是不经常使用的。
35. 【答案】D
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】从最后一段最后一句中的“We are yet to interpret language of cats and dogs despite living with them for centuries, and research into electrical communication of fungi is in its pure fresh stage”可知, Adamatzky认为人类对于蘑菇交流的研究还只是在初始阶段, 需要更多的证据支撑。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何成为有成就的人。
36. 【答案】C
【命题意图】总结句
【解析】从空前的“Those with a fixed mindset believe that success isn＇t a result of hard work. ”可知, 有固定思维的人往往认为, 成功不是努力的结果, 而是源于天生的才能。
37. 【答案】G
【命题意图】细节句
【解析】从空后的“but some experts suggest that emotional intelligence may actually matter even more”可以推断, 尽管智力对一个人能否在生活的方方面面取得成功的作用很大, 但是一些专家认为情商更重要。
38. 【答案】E
【命题意图】细节句
【解析】从空后的“have confidence in their abilities to succeed, and are committed to finishing what theystart”可以推断, 坚韧的人相信他们自己掌握着自己的命运, 对于自己取得成功的能力充满自信, 并且能做到有始有终。
39. 【答案】B
【命题意图】主旨句
【解析】后文的“including determination and willpower”与B项的关键词“willpower”重合。
40. 【答案】F
【命题意图】细节句
【解析】空后的“but they are also something you can improve”与空处为转折关系, 由此可知, 这些特征很可能成为一个人大体性格的一部分, 但是它们也是可以改进的。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只被困在结冰的河面上的小狗被巡逻路过的海岸警卫队员救起的故事。
41. 【答案】C
【解析】结合下文“on ice in the middle of a frozen river”可知, 这只狗发现自己被困在结了冰的河面上。stuck 意为“被困住”。
42. 【答案】A
【解析】正当一切都没有希望的时候, 一艘海岸警卫队的船在这个关键时刻出现了。appear意为“出现”。
43. 【答案】D
【解析】海岸警卫队是在执行日常的巡逻任务。routine意为“常规的；例行的”。
44. 【答案】A
【解析】这个时候警卫队员看到这只小狗挣扎着浮在河面。struggle意为“奋力挣扎”。
45. 【答案】C
【解析】此处指他们之前没有执行过这一类的营救行动。mission意为“行动；任务”。
46. 【答案】D
【解析】然而这个时候, 他们正好在这里, 他们决定在这只狗需要帮助的时候帮助它。happen to do sth. 意为“碰巧做某事”。
47. 【答案】B
【解析】他们很快制定了营救计划。work out aplan 意为“制定计划”。
48. 【答案】D
【解析】他们要去结了冰的河面上救出小狗, 下文“crawled across the thin ice”提到冰很薄, 由此可知, 这样的营救行动是有风险的。risky意为“有风险的”。
49. 【答案】C
【解析】小狗被困在冰河中, 自然是感到害怕的。frightened意为“感到害怕的”。
50. 【答案】B
【解析】此处写的是营救的过程, 海军士官Cole Harper小心地爬过薄冰, 然后到了小狗身边, 紧紧抱住小狗, 他的队友在把他们从冰面上拉回来。tightly意为“紧紧地”。
51. 【答案】C
【解析】结合语境可知, 此处指在把这只小狗送往动物收容所之前海岸警卫队的军官们为它暖身。＂deliver. . . to. . . ”意为“把······送往······”。
52. 【答案】D
【解析】兽医要对这只小狗进行检查, 看看它的身体怎么样。examine意为“检查”。
53. 【答案】D
【解析】结合语境可知, 如果没有人来认领它, 那么它有可能就要被收养。potentially 意为“可能地”。
54. 【答案】A
【解析】结合上一题可知, 此处表示小狗如果没有人认领。claim意为“认领”。
55. 【答案】B
【解析】我们很高兴那天海岸警卫队碰巧在那条河里的那个地方巡逻！spot意为“地点；场所”。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。全文介绍了王羲之的书法艺术。
56. 【答案】as
【命题意图】考查介词
【解析】＂refer to. . . as. . . ”为固定搭配, 意为“把······看作······”。
57. 【答案】spent
【命题意图】考查时态
【解析】此句讲述王羲之的经历, 是过去的事情, 应用动词和过去式。
58. 【答案】commonly
【命题意图】考查副词
【解析】本空为副词作状语, 修饰过去分词addressed。
59. 【答案】and
【命题意图】考查连词
【解析】句意：他书法精湛, 特别是行书。前后句为顺承关系, 故用连词and。
60. 【答案】is said
【命题意图】考查时态和语态
【解析】“It is said that. . . ”为固定句式, 意为“据说······”, 一般表示现在的情况, 因此用一般现在时。
61. 【答案】ambitious
【命题意图】考查形容词
【解析】本空为形容词作定语, 修饰名词 students。
62. 【答案】highest
【命题意图】考查最高级
【解析】根据空前的“that most basic”可知, 本空用最高级, 表示书法是最基础的, 同时也是最高的艺术。
63. 【答案】collection
【命题意图】考查名词
【解析】根据空前的a可知, 此处用单数名词。
64. 【答案】whom
【命题意图】考查定语从句
【解析】“all of whom were notable calligraphers”为非限制性定语从句, 先行词是人, 关系词作介词短语的宾语, 故用关系代词whom。
65. 【答案】distinguished
【命题意图】考查过去分词
【解析】distinguished 意为“著名的；卓越的”。
第四部分 写作
第一节
How to Be a Responsible Young Person
Undoubtedly, responsibility is regarded as one of the most important moral qualities. People with responsibility can be trusted and no one can become successful without a good sense of responsibility.
What does responsibility mean for young people? First and foremost, it is of vital importance for us to take good care of ourselves. Secondly, being responsible means studying hard as much as we can. Only with enough knowledge can we serve our country better. Besides, doing our duty independently and helping those in need are equally important. Finally, as a citizen, what we are supposed to do is to obey the laws, regulations and rules of the country.
第二节
To spread the kindness, they started a website and a Facebook page. Working with other non-profit organizations that help those in need, they invited families from around the country to go online and request gifts for their children. On the other hand, donors, also known as “elves（精灵）”, can sign up to buy gifts for a child or a family. However, there was a special request: a child suffering from an incurable disease dreamed of being a firefighter. Having heard the story, the local fire department acted as the elf, providing a one-day firefighter experience for the kid.
The good deed was advocated by many media. Actually, what they did made a considerable difference to many families especially for those who suffered from some misfortunes and waited for some miracles, thus making the public pay close attention to it. Besides, they appealed to citizens to join in the campaign and helped some unfortunate kids to realize their dreams. For the following years, on the Christmas, the people who received the letter acted as Santa, which meant a lot to families living in despair.
英语听力录音材料
Text 1
M: Oh, dear! You may as well hurry up or we will be late for the movie.
W: Give me another 15 minutes to finish my make-up and you can call a taxi in advance.
Text 2
M:Aren't you at home?
W:Nope, I just got out of the office and I will be at home in 15 minutes by subway. Why don't you come by for a cup of tea?
M: OK, see you soon. I just got off the bus and then I will walk to your house. I happen to have something to discuss with you.
Text 3
M:My God, my computer is down again. What should I do to fix the problem?
W: It possibly broke down. Let me have a look!
M:So considerate of you.
W:Um. . something wrong with the net. I will help you to reconnect it to the Internet.
Text 4
M:I am sorry. But I can't finish it today. Can I do the task tomorrow?
W: Sure. But you should keep in mind that the due time is Friday.
M:Yeah, today is Wednesday. I should speed up.
Text 5
W:Hi, this is Lucy from Dr. Lewis' office. We just want to remind you that your appointment of examining your teeth will be called off because our doctor has been sick for several days.
M:Really sorry to hear that. So how about next Monday?
W:That's fine!
Text 6
M:Wow, there are so many fascinating paintings here.
W:Yeah, it is indeed worth a visit. Look at this one. Isn't it amazing?
M:Yes. That lady in the painting is so elegant and charming. Look how she is standing in the middle of the street. There's a bicycle near her and she's holding a bunch of flowers.
W: Her headscarf is covering most of her face. I can only see her shiny eyes. Um, she's definitely looking into the distance. What do you think she is doing there?
M:Perhaps she is waiting for somebody. Look! Behind her there are some antique shops and grocery stores, and numerous people are wandering there.
W:Yeah, judging from the clothes, it's probably somewhere in the Middle East.
Text 7
M:Oh, goodness! Did you just witness the accident nearby?
W: Yeah, I just hung out with my friends and was right on the scene. It was terribly scary!
M: I've never seen such a car crash before. I saw it from my balcony, numb with shock.
W: Ah! And I heard that 2 kids died, and their parents as well as the driver were severely injured.
M: Poor kids, so sorry to hear that. Much worse, a pedestrian also was knocked down and got hurt.
W:Because the car rushed out of the driveway, hitting the pole beside the road.
M:No wonder the car was out of shape.
W:Hope everything will be fine.
Text 8
W: Hey, Tom. I want to tell you something incredible.
M:Yes?
W: You know my grandpa. He is already 80 years old. People at this age, I mean over 60, usually retire at home and feel free to wander in the park or walk the dog. But my grandIpa began to set foot in fashion shows as a model 2 years ago.
M:Wow, words fail me when praising his boldness.
W:Me too!
M: Why did he desire to become a model?
W:There is a dream of becoming a professional model rooted in his mind. However, because of the hardship, he had to quit and worked as a teacher to raise kids. Look, these are the pictures of his previous shows.
M:Wow, unbelievable! The elderly always look pale and live in the old fashion.
W:He goes to the stage regularly and he even has been hired by a clothing company. Without doubt, he is a professional model now.
M:If possible, I hope I can pay a visit to your house and have a talk with your grandpa since we haven't seen each other for 8 years.
W:Say, why don't you come with me this Saturday? I know he'd love to see you.
M:Thanks, I'd love to.
Text 9
M:Excuse me, Mrs Smith. I have something to talk to you.
W:OK, go ahead.
M: I am your student Andy, and I have got my score C. I want to know why.
W:Wait a minute. Let me check. Actually, your attendance is quite good, but your course paper is far from satisfactory.
M:Er, I have tried my best.
W:Well, your paper's content is to the point but there are so many errors and even some data are directly copied from other papers. This is inappropriate for paper writing.
M: Um, since the time is so limited, I have to finish it within two weeks.
W:No excuse, my boy! I will give you one more chance if you could polish it and submit your new edition next week. I will reassess your paper and give you a final score.
M: Thank you so much. And apart from the data and mistakes, are there any other tips?
W:Well, it would be better if you could pay attention to the format.
M: Copy that, and I will spare no effort to meet your criteria by polishing it. Thank you again.
W: For me, I'd love to see your progress as well as your efforts.
Text 10
M:Hello, everyone! First let me introduce myself briefly. My name is Tom Barker, and I work at an institution as a senior manager of human resources. I'm here to give a presentation about students' summer jobs. Around the world, university students choose to work in the summer. They need the money for further study, and they can get some working experience as well. As is often the case, they serve as receptionists in hotels, cashiers in grocery stores, and lifeguards at swimming pools.
These days, however, more and more students tend to work at Futurist Home. It is an Internet-based enterprise, offering goods and services online. Today's young people already know a lot about computers, and they are capable of handling Internet issues. The handsome pay is usually much better than that of the traditional summer jobs.
There are other advantages besides the pay. Students see the jobs at Futurist Home as a good start for their future. In addition to providing good experience, the work is also enjoyable for most students.
On top of this, their colleagues treat them with respect.
This firm is brand new and needs innovative ways of thinking. Few formal qualifications are claimed as imagination is more important. On the basis of this fact, considerable college students without much working experience are currently applying for a position in this company.
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