英语（全国甲卷）-2023年高考英语考前押题密卷（全解全析）

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2023年高考英语考前押题密卷（全国甲卷）
英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1．What festival is today?
A．Easter.
B．Christmas.
C．Thanksgiving.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Everything is ready. Please come and eat!
M: Oh, you’ve prepared so much lovely food.
W: Today is Thanksgiving. We Americans sit and eat together on this day.
M: I know. Thanks for your invitation.
2．Where does the man most likely live?
A．In Canada. B．In New York. C．In California.
【答案】C
【原文】M: My wife and I are planning on driving from California to Canada for a few weeks.
W: That’s exciting. My husband and I took a car trip from New York to Canada a few years ago. It was a lot of fun.
3．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．A food shop. B．A terrible picnic. C．Tomorrow’s weather.
【答案】C
【原文】W: What’s the weather like for the picnic tomorrow? I got the food from the shop.
M: The forecast says it isn’t bad. No rain but maybe a little windy.
W: Oh! It won’t be good if things are blown away.
4．How much does the woman finally offer for the blouse?
A．$54. B．$51. C．$48.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Special offer today. The blouse is $60. You can have it at 10% off.
W: It’s nice, but still too expensive. Can you give me a 20% discount?
M: No.10% is my last word.
W: Come on. 15%.
5．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a café. B．In a library. C．In a bookshop.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Wow, this place has got all sorts of books. There is also a nice café nearby. I can’t believe I’ve never been here before!
M: Great, isn’t it? It’s definitely my favorite place to buy books, even if they are a bit more expensive here than they are online.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Where does the woman want to go?
A．To Disneyland. B．To Shanghai University. C．To the Oriental Pearl Tower.
7．What will the speakers probably do next?
A．Cancel their flight. B．Call their neighbors. C．Order a taxi.
【答案】6．A 7．B
【原文】M: I’m so excited about this trip. We haven’t had a vacation for several months.
W: I know. This is going to be a great week. I have always wanted to see Disneyland.
M: And I want to revisit the Oriental Pearl Tower and go to my Shanghai University class reunion. What time is our flight?
W: It’s in a few hours. We should really be on the way to the airport already. What time is our car supposed to arrive?
M: How would I know? I thought you ordered a taxi.
W: Oh, no! We’ll never get a taxi at this time of day. Let’s see if our neighbors can give us a ride.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What does the man plan to do this afternoon?
A．Go swimming.
B．Go to class.
C．Go to the library.
9．What does the woman offer to do for the man?
A．Collect information for his paper.
B．Help him with his chemistry.
C．Teach him to study math.
【答案】8．C 9．B
【原文】W: Would you like to go swimming this afternoon?
M: I wish I could, but I have to spend the rest of the day in the library. I have a ten-page paper to finish. I should hand it in tomorrow.
W: Is that for Mr. Smith’s class?
M: Yes. I have to write an article on the influence of the invention of paper-making according to what we learned in class. And I have to study math and chemistry, too. I don’t know how I’m going to do it at all.
W: Well, I’ve been doing well in chemistry, so I’d be happy to help you.
M: Thanks. I’ll see you in front of the library.
W: OK. Good luck with the paper.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Where does the conversation take place?
A．At a library. B．At a bookstore. C．At a grocery store.
11．What does the woman want to do?
A．Order an item. B．Borrow some money. C．Change her shipping address.
12．What does the man suggest the woman do?
A．Buy another gift. B．Try another place. C．Leave a partial payment.
【答案】10．B 11．A 12．C
【原文】W: I’m looking for the third volume of the Detective Steve Smart series. Do you have it here?
M: Ah, the title of that one is The Mystery of the Golden Idol. I’m afraid they’re sold out right now.
W: Can I place an order to have a copy shipped here? I’d like to give it to my husband for his birthday.
M: Sure, you can leave half the book price now and pay the balance when you pick up the book. It will arrive in about a week.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What are the speakers talking about?
A．Shopping for Christmas.
B．Performing on Christmas.
C．Selecting Christmas lights.
14．Why will the event get press attention?
A．The lead actors are well known.
B．The market is in a famous location.
C．The new actors have good images.
15．How does the woman feel about the opportunity?
A．Excited. B．Uninterested. C．Worried.
16．What must be perfect on the day according to the woman?
A．The ticket sales. B．The sound quality. C．The costumes.

【答案】13．B 14．A 15．A 16．B
【原文】M: Great news! The organizers of The Christmas Market have given us the green light to perform some songs at the market in December.
W: Brilliant! That will really help to raise our theater’s company image.
M: I know. The Christmas Market is really busy. Hundreds of people shopping there will hear our company singing.
W: And it will help boost the new members’ confidence.
M: Even better... The lead actors are happy to sing at The Christmas Market too! They’re both famous enough to attract many journalists, and hopefully that will mean increased ticket sales!
W: Okay, it’s very exciting, so we need to make sure that everything is prepared. We’ll need a tight practice schedule between now and December. If we’re going to go public with some of our material, it’s got to look really good!
M: Absolutely. And we need to make the costume department work hard so all the actors will look convincing.
W: Right. I’m going to call a meeting with the sound and lighting engineers to check out the location. It’s important that the visuals and the sound quality are perfect on that day!
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Whom has the government promised to offer help to?
A．Some farmers. B．Some pilots. C．Some children.
18．Where are the transport workers going on strike?
A．In Sydney. B．In Melbourne. C．In Queensland.
19．How did the school children feel after the rescue?
A．Thankful. B．Angry. C．Sorry.
20．What can we learn about the school children?
A．They attended a musical concert.
B．They enjoyed themselves in the sea.
C．Their plane was forced to land shortly after take­off.

【答案】17．A 18．B 19．A 20．C
【原文】
W: This is the 6 o’clock news for Tuesday 25 November. And first the headlines：
The government has promised to help the poor farmers in the northern part of the country who haven’t seen rain for nearly two years. And in Sydney a group of school children are successfully rescued from a plane which landed in the sea shortly after takeoff. Transport workers are on strike in Melbourne asking for a pay raise. And the strike may spread to other states.
Now let’s focus on the school children. They were travelling in a plane from Sydney to Queensland to take part in a musical concert. They found themselves swimming for the shore when their plane had to land in the sea just three minutes after taking off from Sydney Airport. The pilot managed to bring the aircraft and its 50 passengers down safely in the calm waters of Botany Bay where boats were able to come to the rescue of the children. It was a weekend, and there were hundreds of boats in the bay enjoying the good weather. This undoubtedly helped the rescue operation. The children said they owed their lives to the skill of the pilot. But the pilot replied modestly that it was all part of a day’s work. However, all their musical instruments were lost and they never got to play at their concert.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Best Boarding Schools for Students
If you are trying to figure out the best boarding school in the US for your child, here are your best options.
Phillips Academy Andover
Situated in Andover, Massachusetts, 25 miles north of Boston, Phillips Academy Andover is one of the oldest boarding schools in the US. It was founded in 1778 and has a long tradition of academic excellence, with notable alumni (校友) including George W. Bush and Julie Andrews. It is also one of the most selective boarding schools in the country, with an acceptance rate of just 13%.
Tuition Fee: $66,290 per year for boarding students.
Choate Rosemary Hall
Choate Rosemary Hall is situated in Wallingford, Connecticut, and was founded in 1890. The school enrolls (招收) about 865 students from across the world. Choate is known for its innovative curriculum, active campus engagement, and guided independent learning. The school offers 23 sports.
Tuition Fee: $65,820 per year for boarding students.
Concord Academy
Located in Concord, Massachusetts, Concord Academy was founded in 1922 and is a co-educational private secondary school. It is a co-educational, independent, college preparatory school that focuses on the hands-on learning, experimentation, and intellectual growth of its students. Its alumni include famous authors, ambassadors, doctors, engineers , entrepreneurs, and dancers.
Tuition Fee: $66,940 per year for boarding students.
The Hotchkiss School
The Hotchkiss School is a boarding school in Lakeville, Connecticut. It was founded in 1891 and enrolls about 600 students from around the world. Hotchkiss is known for its academic program as well as its competitive sports teams. The school also has several unique programs, including the Janus Project which allows students to take courses at nearby colleges.
Tuition Fee: $66,510 for boarding students.
21．Which is the oldest of the four boarding schools?
A．Phillips Academy Andover. B．Choate Rosemary Hall.
C．The Hotchkiss School. D．Concord Academy.
22．What do we know about Concord Academy?
A．It is situated in Andover, Massachusetts.
B．It is known for independent learning.
C．Its tuition fee for boarding is the highest.
D．It enjoys an acceptance rate of over 13%.
23．How is the Hotchkiss School different from the others?
A．It accepts the largest number of students.
B．It enables students to take college courses.
C．It is the only one featuring sports programs.
D．It owns the largest number of famous alumni.

【答案】21．A 22．C 23．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国最好的四所寄宿制学校，包括学校的地点、创办年份、办学特色以及学费等。
21．细节理解题。根据Phillips Academy Andover中“It was founded in 1778 ”（它创办于1778年）及Choate Rosemary Hall中“ was founded in 1890”（被创建于1890年），Concord Academy中“was founded in 1922”（被创建于1922年）和The Hotchkiss School中“It was founded in 1891 ”（它创建于1891年）可知，Phillips Academy Andover创办最早，历史最悠久。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据Concord Academy中“Tuition Fee: $66,940 per year for boarding students.”（寄宿学生每年学费66940美元）并对比其他三所学校学费可知，Concord Academy 学费最高。故选C项。
23．细节理解题。根据The Hotchkiss School中“The school also has several unique programs, including the Janus Project which allows students to take courses at nearby colleges.”（该学校也有一些独特的项目，包括the Janus项目，该项目允许学生选修附近大学的课程）可知，The Hotchkiss School一大特色是允许学生选修附近大学的课程。故选B项。
B
I still remember how a pet mouse was popular among my classmates in Broadbeach State School. One day, my friends and I decided to buy a pet mouse. The pet shopkeeper wouldn’t sell us one until he got our parents’ letter that could show their permission for us to get a pet. So, having the neatest handwriting, I faked one. The store owner quickly saw through my handwriting and asked me to contact my mother to confirm the situation. My trick quickly failed, and it was all messed up.
My mum got very angry and felt that the punishment should fit the crime. Knowing that my writing was poor and always in need of improvement, she made me write letters to a few randomly selected relatives. One of them was my uncle whom I’d only met a few times when I was a kindergartner. I wrote a long letter detailing my life and listing my interests.
My punishment was complete. I forgot about this until I suddenly got a reply from my uncle.  “How lovely to hear from you,” he said, and went on to tell me all about his life. He’d love to hear about what subjects at school I enjoyed. And so started a correspondence(信件往来)that went on for several years. He turned out to be the most fascinating man.
Then out of the blue, he died. My mum took the phone call and she was shocked. She deeply regretted it as they had not really spoken for years because of their busy life and workload. I went upstairs and produced a box of letters, the last one being from just a few days before he had passed away. My mum began to read them and knew that although she hadn’t been in touch, I had grown close to him by writing to him, which relieved and calmed her. In fact, I then became close to his wife, whom I also wrote to for many years.
I often think about how that one naughty childhood crime led to such an enriching correspondence that stretched on for many years. It encouraged me to write to lots of other people in fact, and it’s something I keep up with to this day. Besides, receiving a letter is such a lovely surprise. Be bold and write to someone you maybe don’t know that well. Who knows where it will lead?
24．Why did the author’s mum ask him to write a letter to his uncle?
A．Because he did something wrong.
B．Because they hadn’t spoken for years.
C．Because his uncle wanted to hear from them.
D．Because he wanted to share his joy of owning a pet.
25．What can we learn about the author?
A．He ended the correspondence after his uncle passed away.
B．He found his uncle extremely interesting and attractive.
C．He was not interested in keeping in contact with his uncle.
D．His mum kept close contact with his uncle through letters.
26．How did the author’s mother feel when reading the letters?
A．Comforted.
B．Regretful.
C．Astonished.
D．Pleased.
27．What main message does the writer express in the passage?
A．We should appreciate something before it’s gone.
B．Writing letters can be a way to make up for past mistakes.
C．It’s important to tell the truth and be honest in your writing.
D．Writing letters has the power of strengthening bonds with others.

【答案】24．A 25．B 26．A 27．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了小作者想要在店里买一只宠物，他伪造了一封信，表示母亲允许买宠物。事情败露，作为惩罚，妈妈要求他给亲戚写信，作者和他舅舅通信多年，直到舅舅去世时，妈妈很后悔没有和舅舅多多联系，得知孩子一直和舅舅通信感到很欣慰。作者认为，信心可以增进亲情。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段“My trick quickly failed, and it was all messed up.(我的把戏很快就失败了，一切都搞砸了)”及 第 二 段“My mum got very angry and felt that the punishment should fit the crime. Knowing that my writing was poor and always in need of improvement, she made me write letters to a few randomly selected relatives.(我妈妈非常生气，觉得惩罚应该与罪行相称。她知道我的文笔很差，总是需要改进，于是让我给几个随机挑选的亲戚写信)”可知，作者做错事假冒妈妈笔迹写信，妈妈让作者给亲戚写信是作为惩罚。故选A项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段末句“He turned out to be the most fascinating man.(事实证明他原来是最迷人的人)”可知，作者对舅舅是赞美的，fascinating一词表明舅舅是很有趣很有魅力的人。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段“My mum began to read them and knew that although she hadn’t been in touch, I had grown close to him by writing to him, which relieved and calmed her.(我妈妈开始读这些信，她知道虽然她还没有联系过，但我通过给他写信已经和他亲近了，这让她松了一口气，也让她平静了下来)”可知，妈妈得知作者舅舅去世时是很震惊，很难过，并且很后悔没有和他多联系。可是她知道作者和舅舅一直在通信，并且读了那些信件时心情好多了，感到很欣慰，难过的心情得到抚慰，comforted和relieved意思相近。故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It encouraged me to write to lots of other people in fact, and it’s something I keep up with to this day. Besides, receiving a letter is such a lovely surprise. Be bold and write to someone you maybe don’t know that well. Who knows where it will lead?(事实上，它鼓励我给很多其他人写信，我一直坚持到今天。此外，收到一封信是一个如此可爱的惊喜。大胆地写信给你可能不太了解的人。谁知道会发生什么呢)”可知，作者建议大家给亲人写信。作者通过和之前不太熟悉的舅舅通信，和舅舅一直保持通信，和舅舅维系了亲情，并在舅舅去世妈妈伤心难过时，那些信安慰到了妈妈。由此可知，作者认为写信有着神奇的力量可以增进关系，并建议读者写信。故选D项。
C
It wasn’t until I graduated from college that I subsequently realized that knowledge is so endless that I was able to learn for pleasure. A sense of curiosity, rather than perfectionism, guided me. I started to see dictionaries as field guides to the life of language. Looking up words encountered in the wild felt less like a failure and more like an admission that I still didn’t know lots of things and an opportunity to discover more.
I cherish my 1954 copy of Webster’s New International Dictionary given by my roommate. I often consult it during the evening games of Scrabble or midday magazine reading. I mostly read novels at night, in bed, so when I come across unfamiliar words, I fold the bottom of the page and then look them up word by word. When I start encountering these words, the language world seems to shrink to the size of a small town.
Wikipedia answers questions with more questions, opening up pages of information you never asked for. But a dictionary builds on common knowledge, using simple words to explain more complex ones. Using one feels as if I’m opening an oyster (牡蛎)with curiosity. Unknown words become mysteries, and solving them gives me satisfaction. Why always leave them up to guesswork? Why not consult a dictionary and feel the instant contentment of pairing context with a definition?
Dictionaries reward you for paying attention, both to the things you consume and to your own curiosity. They are an entrance into the kind of childish urge to just know things, which I had before learning became a duty instead of a game.
For most of you, dictionaries are a gateway into that kind of unconsidered knowledge-seeking. They remind you that, when it comes to learning, allowing your curiosity is just as important as paying attention. After all, isn’t curiosity really just another form of attention? Following your curiosity instead of pushing it away, consult your dictionary and feel connected to more than what’s right in front of you.
28．What does consulting dictionaries mean to the author?
A．A guide to shape his character.
B．A complete admission of failure.
C．A chance to explore the unknown.
D．A unique way of perfecting himself.
29．What does “cherish” underlined in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Lose. B．Prize.
C．Edit. D．Publish.
30．Why is Wikipedia mentioned in paragraph 3?
A．To show advantages of dictionaries.
B．To indicate the importance of technology.
C．To introduce another powerful learning tool.
D．To prove the benefits of using the search engine.
31．What does the author try to do in the last paragraph?
A．Make an appeal.
B．Raise doubts.
C．Give a warning.
D．Express thanks.

【答案】28．C 29．B 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历说明了使用词典的好处并号召读者去查阅词典。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I started to see dictionaries as field guides to the life of language. Looking up words encountered in the wild felt less like a failure and more like an admission that I still didn’t know lots of things and an opportunity to discover more.(我开始把词典视为语言生活的实地指南。查阅“在野外”遇到的单词并不像失败，而更像是承认我仍然不知道很多东西，并有机会发现更多)”可知，查阅词典对作者来说是一个探索未知的机会。故选C项。
29．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“I cherish my 1954 copy of Webster’s New International Dictionary given by my roommate. I often consult it during the evening games of Scrabble or midday magazine reading.(我很cherish我室友送给我的那本1954年版的韦氏新国际词典。我经常在晚上玩拼字游戏或中午阅读杂志时查阅这本书)”中“often consult it”可知，作者经常使用韦氏新国际词典，由此推知，他会“珍视，珍爱”它，划线词与prize(珍视)意思相近。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Wikipedia answers questions with more questions, opening up pages of information you never asked for. But a dictionary builds on common knowledge, using simple words to explain more complex ones.(维基百科用更多的问题来回答问题，打开你从未问过的信息页面。但是词典建立在常识的基础上，用简单的词来解释更复杂的词)”可推知，第三段维基百科的目的是介绍另一种有用的学习工具字典。故选C项。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“For most of you, dictionaries are a gateway into that kind of unconsidered knowledge-seeking. They remind you that, when it comes to learning, allowing your curiosity is just as important as paying attention. After all, isn’t curiosity really just another form of attention? Following your curiosity instead of pushing it away, consult your dictionary and feel connected to more than what’s right in front of you.(对你们大多数人来说，词典是进入那种不经思考的求知之门。他们提醒你，在学习方面，保持好奇心和集中注意力一样重要。毕竟，好奇心不就是注意力的另一种形式吗？跟着你的好奇心走，而不是把它推开，查阅你的词典，感受你与眼前事物以外的事物之间的联系)”可推知，作者在最后一段中发起呼吁，号召读者去查阅词典。故选A项。
D
Adapting to technological advances is a defining part of the 21s-century life. Just two months after being launched in November 2022, OpenAI’s ChatGPT has already reached an audience of over 100 million people. While ChatGPT threatens to change writing and writing-related work, the Mesopotamians, who lived 4,000 years ago in a geographical area centered in modern-day Iraq, went through this kind of far-reaching change before us.
Ancient Mesopotamia was home to many of civilization’s early developments. Its people were world leaders in adapting to technological and cultural changes. They invented the wheel and agriculture, and pioneered advances in mathematics and urbanization. These breakthroughs are reflected in cuneiform(楔形文字)literature，one of the oldest known forms of writing.
In its literature, Mesopotamians don’t present cultural and technological advances as consistently beneficial.They often represent new technologies being controlled in the service of human conflict and mostly serving the interests of those with high social positions. In some ways，the representation of new technologies in its literature echoes(映现)contemporary concerns about AI: fears of increasing social inequalities and its potential use in information war.
In recent years，AI-the newest form of writing-has been used to decipher(破译)the oldest: cuneiform literature.In broader fields,the boundaries of how AI may be used haven’t been clearly explained.In January,for example, a top international AI conference banned the use of AI tools for writing scientific papers.
Humans have been struggling to invent, use and adapt to technology since our earliest civilizations. But the technology and resulting knowledge are not always evenly distributed. Knowing how we adapted to changing technology in the past helps us more fully understand the human condition and may even help us prepare for the future.
32．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning Mesopotamians?
A．Their adaptation to threats.
B．Their influences on writing.
C．Their contribution to literature.
D．Their achievements in civilization.
33．What can be inferred about technological advances from paragraph 3?
A．They prevent human conflict.
B．They bring about hidden dangers.
C．They take away people’s concerns.
D．They lower people’s social status.
34．What is the current situation of AI according to paragraph 4?
A．Its use in literature is popular.
B．It is not allowed to finish papers.
C．Its range of application is undefined.
D．It is not accepted in broader fields.
35．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．How People Can Use the Latest Technology
B．How ChatGPT Will Threaten Writing and Work
C．What AI Will Do by Learning Cuneiform Literature
D．What History Can Teach Us About New Tech’s Impact
【答案】32．D 33．B 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过讲述历史上美索不达米亚人的科技成就及其影响来启示当今的科技发展及影响。
32．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段的“Ancient Mesopotamia was home to many of civilization’s early developments. Its people were world leaders in adapting to technological and cultural changes. They invented the wheel and agriculture, and pioneered advances in mathematics and urbanization. These breakthroughs are reflected in cuneiform(楔形文字)literature，one of the oldest known forms of writing.（古代美索不达米亚是许多早期文明发展的发源地。它的人民在适应技术和文化变化方面处于世界领先地位。他们发明了车轮和农业，开创了数学和城市化的先河。这些突破反映在楔形文字文学中，这是已知最古老的书写形式之一。）”，可知，关于美索不达米亚人，第二段主要讨论了“他们的文明成就”。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“They often represent new technologies being controlled in the service of human conflict and mostly serving the interests of those with high social positions.（它们通常代表着为人类冲突服务而被控制的新技术，主要为那些社会地位高的人的利益服务。）”，可知，从第3段可以推断出技术进步的“它们带来了隐患。”。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“In broader fields, the boundaries of how AI may be used haven’t been clearly explained.（在更广泛的领域，人工智能如何使用的界限还没有得到明确的解释。）”，可知，根据第4段，AI的现状是“它的应用范围是不明确的。”故选C。
35．主旨大意题。通过对文章结构和内容的分析，再根据最后一段“Humans have been struggling to invent, use and adapt to technology since our earliest civilizations. But the technology and resulting knowledge are not always evenly distributed. Knowing how we adapted to changing technology in the past helps us more fully understand the human condition and may even help us prepare for the future.（自最早的文明以来，人类一直在努力发明、使用和适应技术。但是技术和由此产生的知识并不总是均匀分布的。了解我们如何适应过去不断变化的技术有助于我们更全面地了解人类的状况，甚至可能帮助我们为未来做好准备。）”，可知本文主要通过讲述历史上美索不达米亚人的科技成就及其影响来启示今天的科技发展及影响。所以短文的标题为“关于新技术的影响，历史能告诉我们什么”。故选D。
第二节 (其5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Value of Tears
Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. Tears leave you embarrassed and without energy. Still, crying is a fact of life, and your tears are very useful. Even when you’re not crying, they make a film over the eye’s surface.___36___
When tears fall, they reduce stress. But we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons. “People worry about showing their emotions, afraid that once they lose control they’ll never get it back.”___37___ After we cry, the feelings that caused the tears often disappear.
Sometimes people become much stressed and can’t cry. Whatever emotion they are feeling—shock, anger, fear, or sadness—is being held back.
But everyone has the need to cry. Psychologist Vera Diamond explains that her treatment often consists of giving people permission to cry. ___38___Patients practice crying just to become used to expressing emotions. She suggests safe, private places to cry, like under the bedcovers or in the car. Crying is a way of reducing tension, but people don’t like it when others cry because it makes them tense.___39___ And they’ll do just about anything to make you stop.
In certain situations, such as at work, tears are not appropriate. It’s good not to cry during a tense business discussion.___40___You should also act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you feel better. “And,” she adds, “Once your tears have taken away the stress, you can begin to think calmly of ways to deal with the problem.”
Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. If you find yourself near someone crying, deal with it. And never be afraid to cry yourself.
A．They too may be holding back a need to cry.
B．They cry for different reasons.
C．She gives crying exercises.
D．It contains a chemical against infection.
E．The fact is that no emotion lasts forever.
F．It forms in response to the stress on the surface of the eye.
G．But once you’re safely behind closed doors, don’t just cry.
【答案】36．D 37．E 38．C 39．A 40．G
【分析】本文属于说明文。谈论眼泪的作用和价值。
36． 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文Still, crying is a fact of life, and your tears are very useful. Even when you’re not crying, they make a film over the eye’s surface.可知，眼泪是有用的，即使你不哭，眼泪也可以覆盖你的眼睛表面，D项“它包含对抗感染的化学物质。”符合语境，说明眼泪的作用。，故选D。
37．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。 根据本段最后一句After we cry, the feelings that caused the tears often disappear 哭过之后，导致哭泣的原因也就消失了，因此没有什么情绪可以永远持续下去，故选E。
38．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段第二句Psychologist Vera Diamond explains that her treatment often consists of giving people permission to cry.这位心理医生说她的治疗方法里面包括允许病人哭泣，因此C项“她给予哭的练习”符合语境，故选C。
39．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本句前后句的主语都是they可知，本段主要阐述人们不喜欢他人哭泣，主要是因为会引起自己紧张，因此他们或许会让你忍住哭的需求。故选A。
40．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本句后一句You should also act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like.你应该再次控制整个场面，尽可能的发怒和生气，因此可以得出，在哭过之后，还是要表示自己的愤怒，故选G。

第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There is an older homeless woman who sometimes is sitting near where I am living, begging for money. Unfortunately, the inner city places are often being strongly ___41___ by younger men and women who try to ___42___ the space.
Whenever I see her, I make sure to give her something, and at least to talk to her for a few seconds if I have a tight ___43___. When young people ___44___ around, I often make sure to drop a few coins into her cup while passing her a note without anybody seeing it in the ___45___ that they will leave her alone.
Today I was again ___46___ her, giving her some money and some food. I ___47___ before her and then kept down to ask her how she was. She ___48___ me by saying that she wanted to thank me not just for the ___49___ but for always talking to her.
She ____50____ how hard it was for her to have so little money that she had to ____51____ and that she often felt ashamed. She now has ____52____ for several days to talk to me and to thank me for ____53____ her like a human being. People walking by, sometimes dropping some money, but ____54____ making eye contact or talking to her make her feel even more ____55____. And she said she was looking forward to me ____56____ by, because she knew I would look at her and have a ____57____ with her. I had tears in my eyes when thinking of this. Such a small ____58____ would mean so much to her.
I still don’t know why she is on the street, and maybe one day she will ____59____, but I will not ask her right away. But I will be even more on the ____60____ for her, making sure to talk to her as often as possible!
41．A．refused B．requested C．supported D．ignored
42．A．change B．paint C．enlarge D．occupy
43．A．finance B．opportunity C．break D．schedule
44．A．sit B．look C．hang D．live
45．A．hope B．fear C．case D．way
46．A．noticing B．phoning C．passing D．demanding
47．A．ran B．stopped C．nodded D．spoke
48．A．encouraged B．inspired C．interrupted D．surprised
49．A．money B．kindness C．patience D．advice
50．A．denied B．argued C．mentioned D．forgot
51．A．work B．beg C．sit D．move
52．A．prepared B．hesitated C．struggled D．stayed
53．A．minding B．teaching C．treating D．supporting
54．A．occasionally B．willingly C．gladly D．rarely
55．A．ashamed B．worried C．upset D．proud
56．A．living B．walking C．standing D．driving
57．A．rest B．solution C．conversation D．share
58．A．act B．praise C．reward D．gift
59．A．move away B．start out C．break down D．open up
60．A．agenda B．lookout C．ground D．course

【答案】
41．B 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．A 46．C 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．C 51．B 52．A 53．C 54．D 55．A 56．B 57．C 58．A 59．D 60．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。作者每次路过一个乞讨的老妇人，都会尽量给她一些东西，并蹲下来跟她聊一会儿天，这让这位老妇人非常感动。老妇人对作者的举动表示感谢，这也让作者意识到自己微不足道的举动对老妇人的意义。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，试图占据市中心位置的年轻男女往往强烈要求得到这块区域。A. refused拒绝；B. requested要求；C. supported支持；D. ignored忽视。根据上文的Unfortunately可知，老人所在的这个地方经常被年轻人要求占有。故选B。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. change改变；B. paint用颜料画；C. enlarge扩大；D. occupy占据。结合空前的“the inner city places are often being strongly 　　41　　 by younger men and women”可知，这个地方经常被年轻人要求占有，再根据空后的“the space”可知，他们想占据这个地方。故选D。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我见到她时，我一定会给她一些东西，如果我经济紧张，那我至少会和她聊几秒钟。A. finance（个人或公司的）财源，财力；B. opportunity机会；C. break休息；D. schedule工作计划。根据上文的“I make sure to give her something”和空前的“if I have a tight”可知，一般情况下，作者会给这位老人一些东西，如果财力确实紧张，那作者至少和她聊一会儿。故选A。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当年轻人闲逛时，我经常确保在没有人看到的情况下递给她一张纸票的时候往她的杯子里扔几个硬币，希望他们不要打扰她。A. sit坐；B. look看；C. hang闲荡，常和around一起使用；D. live生活。根据下文中的“without anybody seeing it”和“they will leave her alone”可推测，年轻人在这里游荡，所以作者在给老妇人钱的时候才小心翼翼。故选C。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. hope希望；B. fear害怕；C. case实例；D. way方式。in the hope that...为固定搭配，意为“抱着……希望”。空后的“that they will leave her alone”是作者的希望。故选A。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天我又路过她身边，给了她一些钱和食物。A. noticing注意到；B. phoning打电话；C. passing走过；D. demanding强烈要求。根据上文的“Whenever I see her”可知，此处是说作者又一次路过这个老妇人身边。故选C。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在她面前停了下来，然后蹲下来问她怎么样。A. ran跑；B. stopped停下；C. nodded点头；D. spoke说话。根据空后的“before her and then kept down”可知，作者从她旁边经过的时候，在她面前停下，蹲下跟她说话。故选B。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说她想感谢我，不仅是因为我给的钱，还因为我总是和她说话，这让我很惊讶。A. encouraged鼓励；B. inspired鼓舞；C. interrupted打断；D. surprised使惊讶。根据上文内容和空后的“by saying that she wanted to thank me”可知，作者一直给这个老妇人东西，并和她聊天，而这是老妇人第一次对作者表示感谢，所以作者为此感到惊讶。故选D。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. money钱；B. kindness善良；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文的“I often make sure to drop a few coins”和“giving her some money and some food”可知，作者给她钱，但是她不仅仅是为钱而向作者表达感谢。故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她提到，她有这么少的钱，以至于不得不乞讨，这对她来说是多么艰难，她经常感到羞愧。A. denied否认；B. argued争辩；C. mentioned提到；D. forgot忘记。空后的“how hard it was for her to have so little money that she had to 　　51　　_ and that she often felt ashamed”是这个老妇人说的话，所以这里是她提到了这些事情。故选C。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. work工作；B. beg乞讨；C. sit坐；D. move移动。根据第一段第一句“There is an older homeless woman who sometimes is sitting near where I am living, begging for money.(有一位老年的流浪妇女，她有时坐在我住的地方附近乞讨。)”可知，这个老妇人因为不得已才乞讨。故选B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她现在已经准备好几天要和我说话，感谢我把她当作一个人对待。A. prepared准备；B. hesitated犹豫；C. struggled挣扎；D. stayed停留，待。根据空后的“for several days to talk tome and to thank me”可知，她为了和作者谈话已经准备了好几天。故选A。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. minding介意；B. teaching教；C. treating对待；D. supporting支持。根据空后的“her like a human being”可知，作者把她当作一个普通人来对待。故选C。
54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：走过的人，有时会丢一些钱，但很少与她有眼神交流或跟她交谈，这让她感到更加羞愧。A. occasionally偶尔；B. willingly愿意地；C. gladly高兴地；D. rarely很少。根据空前的but可知，这些人的做法和作者不一样，他们只是丢下钱，很少和她有眼神交流或跟她交谈。故选D。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. ashamed羞愧；B. worried担忧；C. upset难过；D. proud骄傲。根据上文中的“she often felt ashamed”可知，这里是说她感到更加羞愧。故选A。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且她说她很期待我路过，因为她知道我会看着她，和她交谈。A. living生活；B. walking走，步行；C. standing站立；D. driving驾驶。根据上文中的“Today I was again 　　46　　 her”和“People walking by”可知，她盼望着作者走过。故选B。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. rest休息；B. solution解决方法；C. conversation谈话；D. share一份。根据上文中的“for always talking to her”可知，作者会和她谈话。故选C。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样一个小小的行为会对她有这么重要的意义。A. act行为；B. praise赞扬；C. reward奖励；D. gift礼物。根据空前的“Such a small”可知，作者与她交谈是这样小的一个举动。故选A。
59．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我仍然不知道她为什么会流落街头，也许有一天她会敞开心扉，但我不会马上问她。A. move away搬走；B. start out开始；C. break down出故障；D. open up直抒胸臆，畅所欲言。根据空前的“maybe one day she will”和空后的“but I will not ask her right away”，作者现在不会直接问她，也许有一天她会对作者敞开心扉。故选D。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我会更加关注她，确保尽可能多地和她说话！A. agenda（会议的）议程表；B. lookout监视处；C. ground地面；D. course课程。be on the lookout for意为“注意，留心”。根据空后的“making sure to talk to her as often as possible”可知，作者会继续关注她。故选B。
第二节 ( 共10小题:每小题1.5分, 满分15分 )
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
A toy animal might not matter much to the average person, ____61____ for a child, it could mean the world. When 10­year­old Leon Ashworth’s mom couldn’t afford ____62____ (buy) him a toy panda he ____63____ (bad) wanted, he wrote a pitiful note on the toy’s box begging other ____64____ (shopper) not to buy it. What happened next____65____ (be) so heartwarming that it would melt you.
The boy, Leon Ashworth, ____66____  lives in Liverpool, England with his mom, first saw his beloved “Pandy” at an Asda supermarket. Though he was willing to wait with ____67____ (patient) until his mom____68____  (pay) on June 15th, the store’s staff decided to do something extremely thoughtful after they noticed Leon’s note. They decided to buy it for him.
____69____ search of the young author, whom they didn’t know at the time, they posted the note on Facebook and eventually attracted the attention of Debbie Ashworth, who immediately recognized her son’s handwriting. The Asda crew invited the mom and her son back to the store, and had a wonderful surprise for them. “This is _____70_____  best day of my life, ” Leon said to his mom excitedly．
【答案】
61．but/yet 62．to buy 63．badly 64．shoppers 65．was 66．who 67．patience 68．was paid 69．In 70．the
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一家超市的工作人员为一个小男孩买下心爱玩具的暖心故事。
61．考查连词。句意：一只动物玩具对普通人来说可能无足轻重，但对孩子来说，它可能意味着整个世界。根据句意可知，上文“A toy animal might not matter much to the average person”与下文“for a child, it could mean the world”之间有转折关系，用表转折关系的连词but或yet连接。故填but/yet。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：10岁的利昂•阿什沃斯的妈妈因为买不起他非常想要的玩具熊猫，于是他在玩具盒上写了一句可怜的话，恳求其他顾客不要买。afford to do...为固定搭配，意为“买得起”，用不定式作宾语。故填to buy。
63．考查副词。句意：10岁的利昂•阿什沃斯的妈妈因为买不起他非常想要的玩具熊猫，于是他在玩具盒上写了一句可怜的话，恳求其他顾客不要买。根据句意可知，提示词bad修饰动词wanted，应用副词形式badly，意为“很，非常”，表示程度。故填badly。
64．考查名词。句意：10岁的利昂•阿什沃斯的妈妈因为买不起他非常想要的玩具熊猫，于是他在玩具盒上写了一句可怜的话，恳求其他顾客不要买。形容词other修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数，所以可数名词shopper应用复数形式。故填shoppers。
65．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：接下来发生的事是如此的温暖，它会融化你的心。分析句子可知，提示词be是主句中连系动词，结合上文可知，讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时态，又因主语“What happened next”是单个从句作主语，所以连系动词be应使用单数形式。故填was。
66．考查定语从句。句意：这个名叫里昂·阿什沃斯的男孩和他的妈妈住在英国利物浦，他第一次看到他心爱的“潘迪”是在阿斯达超市。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The boy，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导该定语从句。故填who。
67．考查名词。句意：虽然他愿意耐心地等到6月15日妈妈拿到工资，但商店职员看到利昂的留言后，做出了非常贴心的决定。介词with后跟名词作宾语。故填patience。
68．考查动词时态和语态。句意：虽然他愿意耐心地等到6月15日妈妈拿到工资，但商店职员看到利昂的留言后，做出了非常贴心的决定。分析句子可知，pay(支付)是从句中谓语动词，与主语his mom之间是被动关系，根据上下文可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语his mom是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式。故填was paid。
69．考查介词。句意：为了寻找当时还不认识的小留言者，他们把纸条发布在Facebook上，最终引起了黛比·阿什沃斯的注意，她立即认出了儿子的笔迹。in search of...为固定短语，意为“寻找……”，另外，句首单词首字母大写。故填In。
70．考查冠词和形容词最高级。句意：这是我人生中最美好的一天。根据句意和空格后最高级形容词best可知，应填入定冠词the构成最高级。故填the。
第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71．请找出下列短文中的错误，并直接在短文中改正。改错格式(要求)
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从11处起)不计分。
How nice to hear of you! In your letter you asked me how to keep healthy. I would like to give you some advices.
As we know, the College Entrance Examination is not only a test of our knowledge and of our body. At the same time, we teenagers grow very fast,what requires plenty of nutritious foods, such as fish, meat, and beans, especial fresh vegetables and fruits. You’d better not to eat too much sweet. Also, you were supposed to take physical exercise regularly instead studying in the classroom all the time. For example, you can play basketball or swim after school. What’s more, have enough sleep is very important. Because I advise you to have at least eight hours of sleep every day and not to stay up too late. Only in this way can you keep fit.
答案
1. of →from
2. advices→advice
3. and→but
4. what→which
5. especial→especially
6. 删除to
7. were→are
8. instead后加of
9. have→having
10. Becausee→so
【详解】1.考查动词短语。句意：收到你的信我很开心。hear from“收到某人的来信” hear of“听说”故将of →from。
2. 考查名词单复数。advice为不可数名词，故将advices→advice。
3. 考查连词。not only…but also…不仅…而且…。
4.考查定语从句。此句为非限制性定语从句，缺少主语故用关系代词which来引导。
5.考查副词。
6.考查动词短语。had better do sth“最好…”,故删除to.
7.考查动词时态。根据上下文，此句应为一般现在时。
8.考查介词短语。instead of后接名词，代词或者动名词，instead是副词。
9.考查动名词。动名词短语做主语，故将have改为 having。
10.考查连词。根据前后句可判断此句为结果状语而不是原因状语，故将because改为 so。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72．为激起学生对英语学习的兴趣，你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以校学生会的名义用英语写一则通知，内容包括：
1. 比赛目的；
2. 内容要求；
3. 最后期限。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
【答案】Notice
Our school, which is aimed at arousing and cultivating students’ enthusiasm in learning English, is to hold an English speech Competition. If interested, such a golden opportunity is highly recommended that you participate.
In accordance with the rules of the competition, all entries are required to have clear main aim and be no longer than 30 minutes, otherwise it will be disqualified. However, no restriction is imposed concerning the theme on condition that it is appropriate. Lastly, be sure to submit your work to studentunion123@abc.com by May 1st.
We’re expecting to appreciate your wonderful talents! Looking forward to your participation!
The Students’ Union
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。为激发学生英语学习的兴趣，你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以校学生会的名义用英语写一则通知。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
旨在做……：In order to do.→be aimed at (doing) sth.
培养：cultivate→raise
热情：enthusiasm→eagerness, zest
根据：in accordance with→according to, in line with
取消……的资格：disqualify→ban
但是：however→nevertheless, nonetheless
推行，采用：impose→enforce
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to arouse and cultivate students’ enthusiasm in learning English, our school is to hold an English speech Competition.
拓展句：Our school, which is aimed at arousing and cultivating students’ enthusiasm in learning English, is to hold an English speech Competition.
【点睛】【高分句型1】If interested, such a good opportunity is highly recommended that you participate.（运用了if引导的省略句）
【高分句型2】However, no restriction is imposed concerning the theme on condition that it is appropriate.（运用了on condition that引导的条件状语从句）