2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练习专题15-非谓语动词（教师版）

这是一份2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练习专题15-非谓语动词（教师版），共14页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，改写句子等内容，欢迎下载使用。


专题15-非谓语动词


一、单项选择
1．He decided _______ during the “golden week” in May because of the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠流行病).
A．to not travel B．not to travel C．not travelling D．travelling
【答案】B
【详解】句意：由于COVID-19大流行，他决定不在5月的“黄金周”旅行。
考查非谓语动词。decide (not) to do sth“决定（不）做某事”，固定短语，故选B。
2．Many citizens look forward to________ as volunteers during the period of the epidemic(传染病).
A．serve B．serves C．serving D．served
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在疫情期间，很多市民盼望作为志愿者去做服务。
考查非谓语动词。serve服务。“look forward to doing”意为“盼望做某事”，介词to后接动名词。故选C。
3．Mr White was so busy ________ in his office that he wasn’t able to go to a movie with his son.
A．work B．to work C．working D．worked
【答案】C
【详解】句意：怀特先生在办公室里忙得不可开交，以至于没能和儿子一起去看电影。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”。故选C。
4．Old Eddie told his son ________ a record of how much he spent.
A．keep B．keeping C．kept D．to keep
【答案】D
【详解】句意：老埃迪叫他儿子把他花了多少钱记下来。考查非谓语。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”，空处用不定式形式作宾补，故选D。
5．Kung fu is a traditional Chinese martial art that focuses on ________ both the balance and the strength.
A．training B．to training C．to train D．train
【答案】A
【详解】句意：功夫是中国传统武术，注重平衡和力量的训练。考查非谓语。focus on doing sth“集中精力做某事”，on是介词，后接doing形式，故选A。
6．Katie Peterson, a 16-year-old girl enjoys ________ her own short videos on TikTok.
A．make B．to make C．making D．made
【答案】C
【详解】句意：16岁的女孩凯蒂·彼得森喜欢在TikTok上制作自己的短片。考查非谓语动词。固定短语enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。
7．The funny short play by the students in Class Two made us ________ last week.
A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughing D．laughed
【答案】A
【详解】句意：上个星期，二班学生的有趣的短剧让我们捧腹大笑。考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，因此空格处应填入省略to的动词不定式，即动词原形。故选A。
8．I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind ________ for you.
A．wait B．waiting C．to wait D．waited
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我不着急。我不介意等你。考查非谓语动词。wait动词原形；waiting动名词形式；to wait动词不定式；waited动词过去式。mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，固定用法。故选B。
9．The teacher praised Tom for his bravery yesterday and it made him ________ all day.
A．smile B．smiling C．to smile D．to smiling
【答案】A
【详解】句意：昨天老师表扬了汤姆的勇敢，这让他笑了一整天。考查非谓语动词。根据“The teacher praised Tom for his bravery yesterday”可知，此处是这让他笑了一整天。短语make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”。smile“笑”，是动词。故选A。
10．As a little boy, Gary’s dream is ________ into space by spaceship.
A．travel B．to travel C．travelled D．travels
【答案】B
【详解】句意：小时候，加里的梦想是乘坐宇宙飞船去太空。考查非谓语动词。travel动词原形；to travel动词不定式；travelled过去式或过去分词；travels一般现在时的第三人称单数。空格处作is的表语，应用动词不定式to travel，表示未发生的动作。其他都是谓语动词。故选B。
11．The high school invited a famous scientist _______ a talk on World Earth Day.
A．giving B．to give C．give D．given
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这所高中邀请了一位著名的科学家在世界地球日发表演讲。考查非谓语。结合“invited a famous scientist”可知，此处是invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”，空处用不定式作宾补，故选B。
12．The little boy jumped up and down happily when he heard a bird ________ in the tree.
A．sing B．singing C．to sing D．sings
【答案】B
【详解】句意：当小男孩听到鸟儿在树上唱歌时，他高兴地跳上跳下。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The little boy jumped up and down happily when he heard a bird...in the tree.”可知，当听到鸟儿唱歌的时候，开心地跳上跳下，强调动作正在发生，hear...doing sth“听见……正在做某事”，故选B。
13．Our teacher often tells us _________ across the road when the traffic light is red.
A．go B．going C．don’t go D．not to go
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我们的老师经常告诉我们当交通灯是红色的时候不要过马路。考查非谓语动词。tell sb (not) to do sth“告诉某人（不）要做某事”，固定短语；此处指“告诉我们红灯时不要过马路”。故选D。
14．The Olympic spirit encourages players from around the world ________ fighting and never give up.
A．keep B．keeps C．keeping D．to keep
【答案】D
【详解】句意：奥林匹克精神鼓励来自世界各地的运动员继续奋斗，永不放弃。考查非谓语。keep动词原形；keeps动词三单形式；keeping现在分词；to keep不定式。encourage sb. to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，故选D。
15．—Why are you so excited ?
—Peter invited me _________ on a trip to Nanshan Mountain.
A．go B．to go C．going D．went
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你为什么这么兴奋？——彼得邀请我去南山旅行。考查非谓语动词。invite sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“邀请某人做某事”，因此选to go。故选B。
16．— Amy, don’t forget ________ your mask (口罩) when you go out.
— Don’t worry, mom. I will.
A．wear B．wears C．to wear D．wearing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——艾米，出去的时候别忘了戴口罩。——别担心，妈妈。我会的。考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth“忘记去做某事”；forget doing sth“忘记做过某事”。根据“don’t forget...your mask (口罩) when you go out”可知，提醒不要忘记戴口罩，故选C。
17．—What are you going to do tomorrow, Joe?
—I’ve no idea. I ________ have my car ________ tomorrow. You see, it’s really dirty.
A．must; washing B．must; washed C．may; washed D．may; washes
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——Joe，明天你要去做什么？——我不知道。明天我可能让别人帮我洗车。你看，它真地很脏。考查情态动词和非谓语动词。must必须；may可能；wash洗，根据“I’ve no idea”可知，此处指明天可能做的事，排除A和B，have sth done“让某事物被做”，排除D，故选C。
18．________ the earthquake in Southwest China’s Sichuan province at 5:00 pm on June 1st, 2022, many people were shocked at the news.
A．To hear B．Hear C．Hearing D．Heard
【答案】C
【详解】句意：听到中国西南部的四川省在2022年6月1日凌晨五点发生地震，人们对这个新闻很震惊。考查非谓语动词。主句中已经有谓语动词“were shocked at”，hear在本句中为非谓语动词，主语“many people”和“hear”之间是主动关系，用现在分词hearing作状语。故选C。
19．Nancy didn’t know anyone in the new school, so she decided to join an after-school club ________ some new friends.
A．to meet B．meet C．met D．meets
【答案】A
【详解】句意：南希不知道新学校的任何人，因此她决定参加课后俱乐部去交一些新朋友。考查非谓语动词。根据“some new friends”可知，用动词不定式表达目的是“为了交新朋友”，用“to meet”。故选A。
20．—Mr. Chen, my kid is sleeping. Would you mind ______ your radio?
—Sorry. I’ll do it at once.
A．turning down B．turn down C．turning up D．turn up
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——陈先生，我的孩子在睡觉。你介意调低你收音机的音量吗？——抱歉，我立刻做。考查非谓语及动词短语。turn down调低（音量）；turn up调高（音量）。根据“my kid is sleeping”可知要调低音量，排除C、D；mind doing sth表示“介意做某事”，即mind后用动名词作宾语，故选A。
21．—Do you know there are more than 3,000 languages ______ in the world?
—Sorry, I have no idea.
A．speaking B．spoken C．speak D．spoke
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道世界上有3000多种语言吗？——抱歉，我不知道。考查非谓语动词。languages与动词speak之间是被动关系，故此空应填过去分词作定语，故选B。
22．I will never forget him for the first time. He was giving a speech then.
A．meet B．met C．meeting D．to meet
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我不会忘记第一次见到他的情景。他那时在演讲。考查非谓语动词。表达“忘记做过某事”用“forget doing”。“forget to do”表达“忘记要做某事”。根据“He was giving a speech then”可知，是描述忘记了已经做过的事情，用动名词“meeting”作宾语。故选C。
23．—Jimmy, you must be thirsty. What would you like ________?
— Some tea, please.
A．drink B．drinking C．drunk D．to drink
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——吉米，你一定渴了。 请问你想喝点什么？——喝点茶。考查非谓语动词。drink动词原形；drinking动名词；drunk过去式；to drink不定式。根据“What would you like…”可知，would like to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，固定用法。故选D。
24．When your stomach is empty and your mind is full, it’s hard ________.
A．sleep B．sleeping C．to sleep D．to sleeping
【答案】C
【详解】句意：当你的胃是空的，你的思想是充分的，你很难入睡。考查非谓语动词。根据“it’s hard...”可知，it is+形容词+to do sth.“做某事是怎样的”，不定式作句子主语，故选C。
25．The Science Museum allows people ______ the exhibitions.
A．touching B．touched C．to touch D．touch
【答案】C
【详解】句意：科学博物馆允许人们触摸展览品。考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人干某事”，固定用法，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。
26．Children in our school are busy ________ new skills through team work.
A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．to learning
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们学校的孩子们正忙着通过团队合作学习新技能。考查非谓语动词。根据“busy”可知此处考查be busy doing“忙于做某事”，动名词作宾语，故选C。
27．Betty suggested ________ a tea party in the garden to celebrate Jane’s birthday.
A．hold B．to hold C．holding D．held
【答案】C
【详解】句意：贝蒂建议在花园里举行一次茶会来庆祝简的生日。考查动词用法。由“suggested”可知，此处考查suggest doing“建议做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。
28．She heard the rabbit ________ “Oh dear” .
A．say B．to say C．said D．says
【答案】A
【详解】句意：她听到一只兔子说“哦，亲爱的”。考查非谓语的动词。根据hear sb. do sth.“听见某人做某事”，指动作经常发生或动作已完成；hear sb. doing sth.“听见某人正在做某事”，指动作正在发生。根据“She heard the rabbit...”可知，动作已完成，应用不带to的不定式作宾补。故选A。
29．The special effects make the film ________ wonderful.
A．seem B．seems C．seemed D．to seem
【答案】A
【详解】句意：特效使这部电影看起来很精彩。考查非谓语动词。make sb/sth do“使某人/某物做……”，省略to的不定式作宾补，seem“好像，似乎”，是系动词，不能用过去分词表被动。故选A。
30．I didn’t sleep well last night because the baby next door kept ________ the whole night.
A．cry B．cried C．crying D．to cry
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我昨晚睡不好，因为隔壁的孩子整晚都在哭。考查非谓语动词。根据“I didn’t sleep well last night”可知，此处是因为隔壁的孩子整晚都在哭，短语keep doing sth.“一直做某事”，cry“哭”，是动词，此处用动名词，故选C。

二、改写句子
31．It took her two hours to make this birthday cake.（改为同义句）
She ________two hours _______this birthday cake.
【答案】     spent     making
【详解】原句使用句型it takes sb.+时间+to do sth.，意为“某人做某事花费多长时间”，其同义句可换为sb. spend+时间+doing sth.，意为“某人花费多长时间做某事”。根据原句took用一般过去时，可知spend也用一般过去时spent；make的动名词形式为making，故答案为spent; making。
32．It usually takes Peter two hours to play the guitar at weekends. (保持原句意思不变)   
Peter usually ________ two hours ________ the guitar at weekends.
【答案】     spends     playing
【详解】句意：在周末，彼得通常要花两个小时弹吉他。此句是一般现在时态的固定句型，保持原句意思不变，此空缺少谓语动词，结合句意可知，此空是“花费”和“弹”的意思，根据主语Peter是第三人称单数，和固定用法spend …doing sth可知，故答案为spends playing。
33．It’s good for your health to take exercise often.（改写句子，句意不变）
______ exercise often can make you ______.
【答案】     Taking     healthy
【详解】句意：经常锻炼对你的健康有好处。It is+adj. for sb./sth. to do sth.句型中to do不定式作真正的主语，如果放于句首作主语，需要用到动词的动名词形式；即taking exercise作主语。make sb.+adj.意为“让某人……”,形容词作宾语补足语，health是名词，healthy是其形容词形式。故填Taking；healthy。
34．My father often teaches me how I can solve different problems properly. （改为简单句）
My father often teaches me ________ ________ solve different problems properly.
【答案】     how     to
【详解】句意：我的父亲经常教我如何正确地解决不同的问题。原句是how引导的宾语从句，改写后的句子用how+动词不定式作宾语，故填how；to。
35．The old lady is wondering how she can check in at the airport.（改为简单句）
The old lady is wondering ________   ________ check in at the airport.
【答案】     how     to
【详解】句意：那位老太太想知道如何在机场办理登机手续。how引导的宾语从句可以改为简单句“how+动词不定式”，动词不定式作宾语。故填how；to。
36．Mr Jiang advised us which we should choose as our after-school activities. (改为简单句)
Mr Jiang advised us which ________   ________ as our after-­school activities.
【答案】     to     choose
【详解】句意：姜先生建议我们应该选择哪些作为我们的课余活动。句子是宾语从句，变为简单句时，可把宾语从句改为“疑问词+to do”，choose“选择”。故填to；choose。
37．James didn’t know how he could deal with the problem.（保持句意基本不变）
James didn’t know ________ solve the problem.
【答案】how to
【详解】句意：詹姆斯不知道他如何解决这个问题。原句用宾语从句“how he could deal with the problem”表示“他如何解决这个问题”之意，此处可以同义转换为“疑问词how+动词不定式”的简单句结构。故填how to。
38．This warning sign tells us not to pick flowers.（保持句意基本不变）
This warning sign says,“ ________ ________ flowers!”
【答案】     Don’t##No     pick##picking
【详解】句意：这个警告标志告诉我们不要摘花。原句中not to pick结构可以用一个否定的祈使句表示，构成直接引语，即“Don't+动词原形”或“No doing”，pick的ing结构为picking。故填Don’t/No；pick/picking。
39．When you cross the street with heavy traffic, you should be very careful.
When ________ the street with heavy traffic, you should be very careful.
【答案】crossing
【详解】句意：当你穿过交通拥挤的街道时，你应该非常小心。本句省略主语you和be动词，动词和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填crossing。
40．Teenagers who study in foreign countries may get a surprise when they have the first class.(改写句子，句意不变)
Teenagers studying __________may find something _________ when they have the first class.
【答案】     abroad     surprising
【详解】句意：在国外学习的青少年在上第一堂课时可能会感到惊奇。根据句意可知，空格1在现在分词后面，判断填副词；in foreign countries=abroad在国外，副词；空格2在复合不定代词后面，判断填形容词；get a surprise感到惊奇= find something surprising发现一些令人惊奇的事；故答案为abroad；surprising。
41．Jane doesn’t know what she should say at the party.（改为简单句）
Jane doesn’t know ________ ________ say at the party.
【答案】     what     to
【详解】句意：简不知道她该在聚会上说些什么。原句“know”后面是what引导的宾语从句，且主从句主语指同一个人，改为简单句时，可用“疑问句+动词不定式”结构，原句疑问词what直接用到改写的句子中，再加上不定式符号to。故填what；to。
42．Please tell me where we can put our mobile phones. (改为同义句)
Please tell me ________ ________ put our mobile phones.
【答案】     where     to
【详解】句意：请告诉我我们可以把手机放在哪里。where引导的宾语从句，可用“where+不定式”进行替换，故填where；to。
43．President Xi Jinping asks every Chinese to continue working hard for happy lives. ( 改为同义句)
President Xi Jinping asks every Chinese to ________________ working hard for happy lives.
【答案】     keep##go     on
【详解】句意：习近平主席呼吁每一个中国人继续为幸福生活而奋斗。continue doing sth=keep/go on doing sth表示“继续做某事”，ask sb to do sth“让某人做某事”，故填keep/go；on。
44．If you want to become thinner, you’d better eat less before you go to bed.（改为同义句）
If you want to _______ weight, you’d better eat less before _______ to bed.
【答案】     lose     going
【详解】句意：如果你想变得更瘦，你最好在睡觉前少吃点。根据“want to do sth.”可知，第一空用动词原形；结合固定搭配“减肥：lose weight”提示，因此lose符合句意；再者根据“before doing sth.”可知，此空需要动名词形式，因此going符合句意。故填lose；going。
45．The windows were so high that we couldn’t reach them from the outside. (保持句意基本不变)
The windows were ________ high for us ________ reach from the outside.
【答案】     too     to
【详解】句意：窗户很高，我们从外面够不着。也就是说“窗户太高，而不能从外面够着”。固定句型too adj. (for sb.) to do sth.“太……而不能”。故填too；to。
46．Jane wonders how she can buy some vegetables online during the special days.（改为简单句）
Jane wonders ________ ________ buy some vegetables online during the special days.
【答案】     how     to
【详解】句意：Jane想知道如何在这特殊的日子里在网上买一些蔬菜。原句是how引导的宾语从句，改写后的句子用how+动词不定式作宾语。故填how；to。
47．People named this kind of food after a man called Sandwich. (就划线部分提问)
________ ________ did people name this kind of food after?
【答案】     Which     man
【详解】句意：人们用一个叫三明治的人来命名这种食物。（人们是用谁的名字来给这种食物命名的？）called Sandwich是过去分词做man的后置定语；原句对called Sandwich划线，是问哪个人，需用which man提问；句首单词的首字母需大写，根据句意结构，可知填Which; man。
48．The teacher asked us “Don’t run in the hallways.”（改为同义句）
The teacher asked us ________ ________ run in the hallways.
【答案】     not     to
【详解】句意：老师要求我们“不要在走廊里跑。”ask sb. not to do sth.要求某人不要做某事。此处用not to表示否定，与原句意义相同。故填not；to。
49．Our teacher asked David to solve the maths problem himself.(保持句意基本不变)
Our teacher asked David to ________ ________ the maths problem himself.
【答案】     work     out
【详解】句意：我们老师让大卫自己解这道数学题。对照原句可知，空处应填solve的同义词，可用work out表示“解决”，to后跟动词原形。故填work；out。
50．Wear masks in public places so that you can protect yourselves. (改为简单句)
Wear masks in public places ________ ________ yourselves.
【答案】     to     protect
【详解】句意：在公共场所戴口罩，以便保护自己。“so that”引导的目的状语从句可替换为动词不定式作目的状语，戴口罩是为了保护自己，用to protect。故填to；protect。
51．He played basketball for half an hour after he finished his homework. （改为简单句）
He played basketball for half an hour ________ his homework.
【答案】after finishing
【详解】句意：他做完作业后打了半个小时的篮球。原句用时间状语从句“after he finished his homework.”来表示“他做完作业后”，还可以用“介词+doing”形式，作时间状语来改为简单句。故填after finishing。
52．“Don’t forget to close the windows before you leave,” said Mr. Thompson to his son. (改为间接引语)
Mr. Thompson reminded his son to close the windows before _________ _________
【答案】     his     leaving
【详解】句意：“离开前别忘了关上窗户，”汤普森先生对儿子说。原句是直接引语，变成间接引语应该表示“在他离开之前”，此处是动名词的复合结构，由“形容词性物主代词+动名词”构成，此处应表示为his leaving，故填his；leaving。
53．I don’t know how I can write well.（改为同义句）
I don’t know ________ ________write well.
【答案】     how     to
【详解】句意：我不知道怎样才能写得好。此处可以把how引导的宾语从句简化为“特殊疑问词+to do不定式”的结构，故填how；to。
54．She has no idea where she can go for a trip this summer holiday. (改为简单句)
She has no idea ___________ ___________ go for a trip this summer holiday.
【答案】     where     to
【详解】句意：她不知道这个假期她去哪里旅游。宾语从句的简化：特殊疑问词+to+do，原句特殊疑问词where，后面加to。故填where；to。
55．Do you know where I can get money?     (改为同义句)
Do you know ________ ________ get money?
【答案】     where     to
【详解】句意：你知道我在哪里能挣钱吗？where I can get money可替换为“疑问词+不定式”where to get money表示。故填where；to。
56．Peter was telling his grandmother how she could turn on the air-conditioner.（保持句意不变）
Peter was telling his grandmother ________ ________ turn on the air-conditioner.
【答案】     how     to
【详解】句意：彼得正在告诉他的祖母如何打开空调。原句是用疑问词how作连接词的宾语从句，转换成简单句常常用“疑问词+动词不定式to do”句型，故填how；to。
57．Suzy noticed that they were entering her house through the window.(改为简单句)
Suzy noticed ________ ________ her house through the window.
【答案】     them     entering
【详解】句意：苏西注意到他们正从窗户进入她的房子。此处是notice+宾语从句的结构，结合“noticed that ther were entering”可知，可以转换成notice sb doing sth“注意到某人正在做某事”的结构，此处用现在分词作宾补，故填them entering。
58．Would you like to start a new hobby when you go to another country?（保持句意基本不变）
Would you like to ________ a new hobby when you go to another country?
【答案】take up
【详解】句意：当你去另一个国家时，你想开始一种新的爱好吗？take up开始从事，开始一个爱好，动词短语，和start“开始”是同义的，在不定式符号to后面用动词原形。故填take up。
59．Let's discuss when we shall go to the Sea World. (改为同义句)
Let's discuss ________ ________ go to the Sea World.
【答案】     when     to
【详解】句意：让我们讨论一下什么时候去海洋世界。改为同义句时，when引导的宾语从句，可改为“when+动词不定式”结构。结合“when we shall go to the Sea World”可知此处用“when to go to the Sea World”。故填when to。
60．I work as a volunteer to help the disabled athletes achieve their dreams.（对划线部分提问）
_________ you work as a volunteer.
【答案】Why do
【详解】句意：我担任一名志愿者是为了帮助残疾运动员实现他们的梦想。根据要求为对划线部分提问，划线部分表示目的，因此，改为问句应该是“你为什么担当一名志愿者”，应该使用特殊疑问词“why”，位于句首，首字母应该大写；原句为一般现在时且主语为“you”，改为一般疑问句应该使用助动词“do”。故填Why do。