2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练习专题04-数词(教师版)
展开专题04-数词
一、单项选择
1.Nowadays, ________ birds fly to the warm south in winter.
A.million B.millions C.two millions D.millions of
【答案】D
【详解】句意:现在,数百万只鸟冬天就飞往温暖的南方。考查基数词。million前面要用具体数字,不用复数, 即“数字+million+名词复数”;“millions of+名词复数”表示“数百万……”,表示笼统数字,即前面不加具体数字。birds为复数名词,在此泛指“几百万只鸟”,应用millions of。故选D。
2.It’s reported that a _______ girl named Wang Li has won more than 100 medals. She started to learn to dance at the age of _________.
A.14-year-old; three B.14 years old; third
C.14-year-old; third D.14 year old; three
【答案】A
【详解】句意:据报道,一个14岁叫王丽的女孩已经赢了超过100枚奖牌。她在3岁的时候就开始学习跳舞。考查复合形容词和年龄的表达。14-year-old14岁的;three三,基数词;14 years old14岁;third第三,序数词。根据“a …girl”和“ at the age of…”可知,第一空应用“14-year-old”作定语修饰“girl”,第二空“at the age of+基数词”表示在几岁时。故选A。
3.—It is Mom’s __________ birthday next Wednesday. What should we do?
—What about buying her __________ flowers to show our love?
A.forty; forty B.forty; fortieth C.fortieth; forty D.fortieth; fortieth
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——下周三是妈妈四十岁生日。我们该怎么办?——给她买四十朵花来表达我们的爱怎么样?考查基数词和序数词。第一空是指生日,应用序数词;第二空是表示40朵花,应用基数词,故选C。
4.There are ________ people in the picture, and the ________ one from the left is me.
A.eight; third B.eight; three C.eighth; third D.eighth; three
【答案】A
【详解】句意:照片里有八个人,左边第三个人是我。考查数词的用法。eight八;third第三;three三;eighth第八。空一表示“八个人”,用基数词,可排除CD选项;空二表示“第三个人”,用序数词表示顺序。故选A。
5.________ of the world’s books and newspapers are written in English.
A.Thirds four B.Threes fourth C.Three quarter D.Three quarters
【答案】D
【详解】句意:世界上四分之三的书籍和报纸都是用英语写的。考查分数的表达。表达分数时,分子用基数词,且不能用复数,排除A、B,分母用序数词;表示“四分之三”用“three quarters”。故选D。
6.________ players took part in the sports meeting last month.
A.Hundred B.Hundreds C.Hundred of D.Hundreds of
【答案】D
【详解】句意:上个月有数百名运动员参加了运动会。考查大数表达法。hundred“百”,和具体数字连用时,应用单数形式,和of连用时,要用复数形式,表示概数。故选D。
7.—________ is the population of Guizhou?
—It has more than ________ people.
A.How much; thirty-eight millions of B.How many; thirty-eight million of
C.What; thirty-eight million D.How large; thirty-eight millions
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——贵州的人口是多少?——它有3800多万人口。考查特殊疑问句以及数词的表达。询问人口的固定句式:what is the population of.../how large is the population of...,所以第一空应填what/how large。根据“more than”可知,第二空应填入一个具体数量,million不能用复数,故选C。
8.—It’s ________ birthday of CCYL (中国共青团) this year, isn’t it?
—Yes, it is. We had a party for it.
A.100 B.100s C.100’s D.the 100th
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——今年是中国共青团的100岁生日,不是吗?——是的,它是。我们为此举办了一个派对。考查数词的用法。根据语境可知,此处表示“第100岁的生日”,故应用序数词100th“第一百”,且序数词前加定冠词the。故选D。
9.I waited a quarter of an hour and went home.
A.10 minutes B.15 minutes C.30 minutes D.45 minutes
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我等了一刻钟就回家了。考查常识和时间表达。a quarter of an hour表示“一刻钟”,是15分钟,故选B。
10.According to a new rule, children below _______ grade will not have homework anymore.
A.three B.third C.the third D.a third
【答案】C
【详解】句意:根据一项新规定,三年级以下的孩子将不再有家庭作业。考查序数词。根据“below...grade”可知空格处要填三年级以下,应用序数词third,前面加定冠词the。故选C。
11.—I’ll have my ________ birthday party at my house this Friday. I’d like you to come.
—How time flies! You’ll be ________ years old.
A.twentieth; twentieth B.twentieth; twenty
C.twenty; twenty D.twenty; twentieth
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这个周五我会在家举办我20岁的生日派对。我希望你能来。——时间过得真快啊!你就要20岁了。考查序数词和基数词。twentieth第二十,序数词;twenty二十,基数词。birthday party前应用序数词表示“第……岁的生日派对”,结合选项,第一空应填序数词twentieth;基数词+years old表示“……岁”,因此第二空应填基数词twenty。故选B。
12.The tower was built ________ years ago.
A.hundred of B.two hundreds C.two hundred of D.hundreds of
【答案】D
【详解】句意:这座塔建于数百年前。考查数量表达。hundred of为错误选项;two hundreds为错误选项;two hundred of……中的二百;hundreds of上百。根据情境和“years ago”可知,应该使用“hundreds of”,表示“上百年前”。故选D。
13.—There are sixty students in our class. And _________ of us are boys.
—Wow! You have thirty-six girls.
A.two thirds B.two fifths C.one third D.one fourth
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我们班有六十个学生。 我们五分之二是男孩。——哇! 你有三十六个女孩。数字运算。two thirds 三分之二;two fifths 五分之二;one third三分之一;one fourth四分之一。根据“There are sixty students in our class.”以及“You have thirty-six girls.”可推知,女孩占班级人数的五分之三,那么男孩就占班级人数的五分之二。故选B。
14.According to the survey, nearly ________ of the students in our class come to school without having healthy breakfast.
A.two fifth B.two fifths C.second fifth D.second fifths
【答案】B
【详解】句意:根据调查,我们班近五分之二的学生来学校时没有吃健康的早餐。考查分数的表达。分数的英文表达是分子使用基数词,分母使用序数词,分子大于1,分母加s,结合选项,只有B选项two fifths“五分之二”符合题意。故选B。
15.—This will be my ________ visit to the Great Wall. I’m really excited.
—Really? I can’t believe you’ve never been there yet. You arrived in Beijing almost a year ago!
A.first B.second C.third D.fourth
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——这将是我第一次参观长城。我真的很兴奋。——真的吗?真不敢相信你还没去过那里。你到北京差不多有一年了!考查序数词。first第一;second第二;third第三;fourth第四;根据“I can’t believe you’ve never been there yet.”可知,这是第一次参观长城,故选A。
16.There are ________ other stars which are much brighter than the sun.
A.thousand of B.thousands of C.thousands D.thousand
【答案】B
【详解】句意:还有成千上万颗比太阳更亮的恒星。考查thousand的用法。thousand“千”,当数词修饰thousand时,thousand用单数,即“数词+thousand”表示“几千”;当thousand和of连用时,thousand用复数,即“thousands of”“成千上万的”,故选B。
17.________ of the students’ parents in our school are in their ________.
A.Two-thirds; forties B.Two-thirds; fortieth C.Two-third; forties D.Two-third; fortieth
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们学校三分之二的学生家长都是四十多岁。考查分数和年龄段的表达。英语的分数形式用“基数词+序数词”表达,如果分子大于1,分母则要用复数形式,题中分子“two”大于1,故分母应用“thirds”,C、D选项可排除。“in one’s +基数词复数”表示在某人几十岁时,故第二空应用“forties”,故选A。
18.Chinese nucleic acid testing (核酸检测) system can process ________ samples a day.
A.52 millions of B.52 million C.52 million of D.52 millions
【答案】B
【详解】句意:中国的核酸检测系统每天可以处理5200万个样本。考查数词用法。million“百万”,与具体数字连用时,通常不加s,也不后接介词of。故选B。
19.The topic “Food Safety” receives ________ Internet hits (点击) from customers every day.
A.thousands B.thousand C.thousand of D.thousands of
【答案】D
【详解】句意:“食品安全”这个话题每天都会从顾客那里收到成千上万的互联网点击。
考查数词。thousand“千”,表示约数时,与of连用,后面加s,如thousands of“成千上万的,好几千”;表示具体数时,与数词连用,不加s,如two thousand“两千”,故选D。
20.—Gu Ailing, an ________ athlete, won two gold medals in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
—She is my hero!
A.18 years old B.18-years-old C.18-year-old D.18 year old
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——谷爱凌,一个18岁的运动员,在2022年北京冬奥会上获得两枚金牌。——她是我的英雄。考查复合形容词。空格后有名词,空格处应用形容词,表示年龄常用“基数词-year-old”结构,此结构常做前置定语,因此“18岁的”表示为“18-year-old”,复合形容词作定语。故选C。
21.The boys in ________ will have a table tennis match next Sunday.
A.Class 6 B.6 Class C.6th Class D.Class 6th
【答案】A
【详解】句意:六班的男同学下周日将进行乒乓球比赛。考查数词。根据语境及各备选项可知,此处考查编号的表达:“名词+基数词”,且名词和基数词首字母均大写。若用序数词表示,结构为:“限定词+序数词+名词”。综上所述,A项正确。故选A。
22.—How many students in your class get to school by bus?
—About ________ of them do.
A.first three B.three fourth C.one seconds D.four fifths
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你们班有多少学生坐公共汽车去学校?——大约五分之四的人这样做。考查分数表达。英语中表达分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,所以排除A选项;分子如是1以上,分母需用复数形式,排除B、C选项。故选D。
23.—Linda, how many women teachers are there in your school?
—In our school, ________ of the teachers ________ women teachers.
A.third-fourth; are B.third-fourth; is
C.three-fourths; is D.three-fourths; are
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——琳达,你们学校有多少女老师?——在我们学校,四分之三的老师是女老师。考查数词和主谓一致。表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母用复数形式,例如three-fourths表示“四分之三”;当分数修饰可数名词复数时,谓语用复数形式,故选D。
24.—What do you think of your new neighbourhood?
—Wonderful. ________ of the land is covered with trees and grass.
A.Two fifth B.Two fifths C.Second fifths D.Second fifth
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你觉得你的新街区怎么样? ——好极了。五分之二的土地都被树木和草地覆盖着。考查分数表达法。分数表达法规则是:分子是基数词,分母是序数词;当分子大于一时,分母用复数形式,选项ACD不符合规则,需排除。故选B。
25.It is said that ________ of Chinese people ________ watched Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
A.two-thirds; have B.two-third; has C.two-third; have D.two-thirds; has
【答案】A
【详解】句意:据说,三分之二的中国人观看了北京2022年冬奥会。考查分数的表达和主谓一致。分数在英文中的表达方式是:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母加s。“三分之二”的英文是two-thirds,排除B、C项;谓语的数与分数所修饰的名词保持一致,“people”表示“人们”,是复数,助动词用have。故选A。
26.—Dad, Could you tell me ________?
—Well, it’s large and full of water. It covers about ________ of the earth.
A.how the sea is; one third B.what the sea is like; three quarters
C.how’s the sea; three-fourth D.what the sea is like; three quarter
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——爸爸,你能告诉我大海是什么样子吗?——嗯,它很大而且充满了水。它覆盖了大约地球的四分之三。考查宾语从句和分数表达法。how the sea is大海怎么样,陈述语序;what the sea is like大海是什么样子,陈述语序;how’s the sea大海怎么样,疑问语序。根据句子结构可知,空一处的句子是宾语从句,故应用陈述语序,故排除C项;根据答语“Well, it’s large and full of water.”可知,应是问“大海是什么样子”,故排除A项;分数表达法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子大于一时,分母加s,故“四分之一”可表达为:one fourth/a quarter/one quarter,故“四分之三”应表达为three quarters,故排除D项。故选B。
27.On my ________ birthday, I will travel around China instead of having ________ party.
A.the twentieth; a B.twentieth; the C.twentieth; a D.the twentieth; the
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在我二十岁生日那天,我将环游中国,而不是开派对。考查序数词和冠词。twentieth第二十;the定冠词,表示特指;a不定冠词,表泛指,表示数量“一”,用在读音以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前。当序数词表示“第几”的时候要加定冠词the,当名词前已有指示代词、形容词性物主代词等限定词时,不加定冠词the,第一个空格前已有形容词性物主代词,故空格上不用冠词,故排除选项A和选项D;第二个空格说的是开派对,表示的是泛指,故用不定冠词a。故选C。
28.We provide the latest update on the COVID-19 pandemic in the US. The number“87,258,879” is pronounced as ________.
A.eight seven two five eight eight seven nine
B.eighty-seven and two hundred and fifty-eight and eight hundred and seventy-nine
C.eighty-seven million two hundred and fifty-eight thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine
D.eighty-seven million two hundred and fifty-eight thousand and eight hundred and seventy-nine
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们提供美国COVID-19大流行的最新情况。数字“87258879”读作eighty-seven million two hundred and fifty-eight thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine。
考查大数读法。从右向左,第一个逗号表示“thousand”,第二个逗号表示“million”,且百位和十位之间需要and连接,结合选项,C符合句意,故选C。
29.Last year, 1,250 people lived in Marston, and 970 people lived in Alburg. How many more people lived in Marston than in Alburg?
A.180 B.280 C.320 D.2,220
【答案】B
【详解】句意:去年,有1250人住在马斯顿,970人住在阿尔堡。马斯顿的人口比阿尔伯格多多少?考查数字运算。根据问题可知,此处需要计算,1250-970=280,马斯顿的人口比阿尔伯格多280人。故选B。
30.— What do you like collecting?
— I like collecting CDs. I have ________ them.
A.hundred of B.hundreds of C.five hundred of D.five hundreds
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你喜欢收集什么?——我喜欢收集CD。我有几百个。考查数词。hundred前有具体数字时,不加s;跟of搭配时,hundreds of“成百上千”,结合选项,B符合句意。故选B。
二、根据汉语提示及首写字母填空
31.Christmas Day is in the ________(第十二) month in a year.
【答案】twelfth
【详解】句意:圣诞节在一年中的第十二个月。根据“Christmas Day is in the...month in a year.”及常识可知,表示第几,应用twelfth“第十二”,序数词。故填twelfth。
32.This year is the t________ year of Macau’s return to the motherland China since 1999.
【答案】(t)wenty-third
【详解】句意:今年是澳门自1999年回归祖国以来的第23个年头。根据“since 1999”可知,1999年到2022年共计23年,用序数词twenty-third作定语修饰year,故填(t)wenty-third。
33.She is the ________ (第五) student to come to the school.
【答案】fifth
【详解】句意:她是第五个来学校的学生。根据所给汉语意思可知,空缺处用序数词fifth“第五”,故填fifth。
34.We are celebrating my sister’s ________ (第八个) birthday in Red Star Hotel.
【答案】eighth
【详解】句意:我们正在红星酒店庆祝我妹妹的八岁生日。eighth“第八”,是序数词,修饰空后的名词,故填eighth。
35.He bought f________ balls for the kids, including ten soccer balls and forty volleyballs.
【答案】(f)ifty
【详解】句意:他给孩子们买了50个球,包括10个足球和40个排球。根据“including ten soccer balls and forty volleyballs”可知,一共买了50个球,表示数量用基数词,故填(f)ifty。
36.In the twelve Chinese animal signs, the Tiger is the ________(第三)in order.
【答案】third
【详解】句意:在十二生肖中,老虎排在第三位。third“第三”,是序数词,表示顺序,故填third。
37.Thanksgiving is always on the ________ (第四) Thursday in November.
【答案】fourth##4th
【详解】句意:感恩节总是在十一月的第四个星期四。“第四”fourth/4th,序数词表顺序。故填fourth/4th。
38.Though the scientist is in his ________ (九十), he is still in good health.
【答案】nineties
【详解】句意:虽然这位科学家已经九十岁了,但他的身体仍然很好。表示某人几十多岁这样的约略年龄,用“in one’s+逢十的基数词的复数”来表达。ninety“九十”,in his nineties“在他九十几岁时”,故填nineties。
39.So far the population of China has reached over 1.4 ________(十亿).
【答案】billion
【详解】句意:到目前为止,中国人口已超过14亿。billion“十亿”,数词,前面有具体数字时,不用变复数。故填billion。
40.In a group, the ________ (第一) student began the story. After that, the students had to pass the paper to the next one.
【答案】first
【详解】句意:在一个小组里,第一个学生开始讲故事。在那之后,学生们必须把试卷传给下一个。 由语境和汉语提示可知,“第一”译成:first;the first student 意为“第一个学生”。故填first。
41.Every year, ________ (百万) of books are donated to the children in poor areas.
【答案】millions
【详解】句意:每年,数百万本书被捐赠给贫困地区的儿童。millions of...“百万……”,后加名词复数形式,故填millions。
42.My great grandfather was born in 1932, and he is n________ years old now.
【答案】(n)inety
【详解】句意:我的曾祖父出生于1932年,他现在90岁了。基数词+years old表示年龄,意为“……岁”。根据出生年为1932年,现在是2022年,推测现在是90岁。首字母为n,基数词“九十”是ninety。故填(n)inety。
43.Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature in his late ________ (五十多岁).
【答案】fifties
【详解】句意:莫言在他大50几岁的时候获得了诺贝尔文学奖。in one’s fifties“在某人五十几岁时”,故填fifties。
44.I usually go to bed at half p________ ten.
【答案】(p)ast
【详解】句意:我通常十点半上床睡觉。根据“I usually go to bed at half p...ten.”可知,此处是half past ten短语,意为“十点半”,故填(p)ast。
45.What will you buy for your father’s ________ (四十九)birthday?
【答案】forty-ninth
【详解】句意:你要为你父亲的四十九岁生日买什么?根据“What will you buy for your father’s...birthday?”可知,此处表示某人的第几个生日,应填序数词,表示顺序,“forty-ninth”表示“第四十九”符合语境。故填forty-ninth。
46.—Dad, about three ________ of our classmates wear glasses. (四分之三)
—Oh, that’s terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes.
【答案】quarters##fourths
【详解】句意:——爸爸,大约四分之三的同学戴眼镜。——哦,太可怕了。你们都应该好好照顾你们的眼睛。three quarters/fourths“四分之三”,题干中数词是大于1的,所以此处的名词或数词后加s,故填quarters/fourths。
47.There are nineteen people in front me. I am the t__________. So I have to wait a long time.
【答案】(t)wentieth
【详解】句意:我前面有19个人,我是第20个人。 所以我要等很长时间。根据“here are nineteen people in front me, I am the”及首字母可知,我是排在第20位,所以此处应填序数词twentieth表示“第二十”,故填(t)wentieth。
48.She is fifteen, and next year she is going to celebrate her s_________ birthday.
【答案】(s)ixteenth
【详解】句意:她十五岁了,明年她将庆祝她十六岁的生日。根据“birthday”可知此处用序数词表顺序,结合“She is fifteen”可知现在十五岁,明年庆祝十六岁生日,“第十六”sixteenth。故填(s)ixteenth。
49.There are f_________ students in my class, twenty boys and twenty girls.
【答案】(f)orty
【详解】句意:我们班有四十个学生,二十个男孩和二十个女孩。根据“twenty boys and twenty girls”可知,整个班级有四十个学生。故填:(f)orty
50.Three hundred and seven hundred is one t_____.
【答案】(t)housand
【详解】句意:三百加七百等于一千。根据“Three hundred and seven hundred”及首字母t推断,此处填thousand“一千”。故填(t)housand。
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