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2022-2023学年陕西省咸阳市高三下学期模拟英语试卷（二）解析版
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这是一份2022-2023学年陕西省咸阳市高三下学期模拟英语试卷（二）解析版，共24页。试卷主要包含了0分），88 C in 2014等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年陕西省咸阳市高考英语模拟试卷（二）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
With thrill-seeking spots from north to south，there are various of theme parks in California for every taste and style.Different parks offer unique experiences and I'm here to help you decide which is best for you!Here are the top 3 California theme parks that shouldn't be missed.
Universal Studios Hollywood
Cinema lovers delight as they visit Universal Studios Hollywood.Experience the movie magic and behind-the-scenes Hollywood studio tours at this Southern California theme park.This is one of the best theme parks in California that doesn't break the bank.There are always discounts available online and with a good search，you may end up paying next to nothing for a trip to Universal Studios with the whole family.
Knott's Berry Farm
Knott's Berry Farm is one of the most popular theme parks in California and it is also known as "America's first theme park， " for it is over 100 years old.Its wild west theme is seen throughout the park with cowboy characters striding （阔步）along in the western-themed live entertainment.After you go on roller coasters，check out Mrs.Knott's Chicken Dinner Restaurant.Some guests visit the theme park for that restaurant alone.Work up your appetite from walking around the park all day for a delicious chicken dinner.
Legoland California
Legoland California is a children's paradise （乐园）.Kids are excited when they see their favorite toys come to life at a whole amusement park.There are also kid-themed shows for children to watch throughout the park so your children never grow bored.Don't forget to try all the delicious food around Legoland like fried apples.
1. Who will make Universal Studios Hollywood their first choice？
A. Lego lovers. B. Movie lovers.
C. Thrill seekers. D. Bargain traders.
2. What is available in "America's first theme park"？
A. Fish. B. Beef. C. Mutton. D. Chicken.
3. Why is Legoland California children's paradise？
A. They can eat the delicious food free of charge.
B. They can play a part in the kid-themed shows.
C. They can experience their favorite toys vividly.
D. They can make fried apples when feeling bored.
B
Going to the post office is usually a weekly event for me.However，our world has changed and now I must give careful consideration to this journey，as my age and health condition put me into the " vulnerable" category.There are decisions that I need to make.Is this a package that must go out now？Which of the post offices is closest to me？Before I set out from my home，I need to make two decisions!
On the drive over，I determined that I should wait for someone to come out and ask them to take my package in.One more decision was made.Then I realized that I would be making contact with a perfect stranger，and what is the difference between talking to that stranger and just going in and talking to the clerk？Another decision was made and then I walked inside and waited for my turn.
Shortly，I was called to the window，where the postal clerk was aware of the fear in my eyes.She quietly stepped back from her station and signaled me to come forward.I stepped up to the counter and placed my package on the scale.She then signaled me to step back.I moved away and she began the process of weighing it and determining the proper postage.She told me the price and signaled me forward as she took a step back.Again，I believed she saw the terror in my eyes and said， "One moment，Ma'am. " She leaned under the counter and picked up a wipe.She thoroughly cleaned the credit card machine and the entire counter around it.She then stepped back and again signaled me forward.As I inserted my card，my tears started to roll down.I was so moved by the care with which she accomplished this usually very simple task.When I had completed the transaction（交易），she again signaled me back as she stepped forward.She took the receipt，wiped it down，and lay it on the counter.Beside it，she placed a clean tissue as she could see my tears were still streaming down my cheeks.She again stepped away from the counter.I picked up the receipt and took a step back.
In gratitude，I bowed to her.She bowed to me with equal respect.
4. What does"vulnerable" underlined in Paragraph 1 refer to？
A. Easily lost. B. Easily hurt.
C. Easily surprised. D. Easily overlooked.
5. Why did the clerk step back and forward several times？
A. To clean the writer's card. B. To relieve the writer's fear.
C. To signal the writer better. D. To show the writer politeness.
6. What moved the author to tears？
A. The clerk's care. B. The cheap price.
C. The clerk's tissue. D. The clean counter.
7. What is the most suitable title for the text？
A. A Tough but Simple Decision. B. A Silly but Wise Person.
C. An Ordinary but Special Day. D. A Kind but Cruel Clerk.
C
This year will have been the warmest in the UK，the Met Office has said.Although for many people the record from the year that attracted the most attention was that the summer heatwave reached 40.3℃，the organization said that more significant was a figure 30 degrees lower-the average temperature over the course of the year.
Although the exact temperature will need to be confirmed in the new year，the Met Office predicted that 2022 is going to exceed （超过）the previous record for the warmest annual average，which was 9.88 C in 2014.Apart from this month，every other month in the UK in 2022 was warmer than average.New Year's Day 2022 was the warmest on record，exceeding 16℃ in North Wales.Dr.Mark McCarthy，head of the National Climate Information Centre，said： "While many people will remember the summer's extreme heat，what hurts people most，especially the elderly，this year is the relatively consistent heat through the year. " Although this summer was the fourth warmest on record，it was the first in which the temperature exceeded 40℃.
McCarthy said that we can expect to see increasingly warmer summers as a consequence of climate change. "The warm year is in line with the impacts we expect as a result of human-related climate change， "he said. "Although it doesn't mean every year will be the warmest on record，climate change continues to increase the chances of increasingly warm years over the coming decades. "Rebecca Newsom，head of politics at Greenpeace UK，said： "These aren't the kind of records you want to be breaking.Record-breaking investment in the renewable technologies will get us out of this mess.
At present though，Britain is ready for rain，with forecasters warning of difficult driving conditions caused by wet weather over the next few days.Although temperatures will stay mild for much of the UK，the Met Office warned that the rainfall will hit England and Wales this Saturday and Sunday.
8. What will make this year special in the UK？
A. The most visitors will be attracted.
B. The warmest year will take place.
C. The biggest success will be achieved.
D. The highest temperature will be 30℃.
9. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2？
A. Every month in the UK was warmer than average.
B. Next summer may be the first summer to exceed 40℃.
C. Many elderly men may go to hospital for the high heat.
D. New Year's Day was the warmest on record in England.
10. What does Rebecca think of the future climate？
A. Renewable energies can fight climate change well.
B. Record of high temperature will be broken next year.
C. Politicians should be responsible for the current mess.
D. Warm summers are a consequence of human activities.
11. What is the weather like in Wales this weekend？
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Cloudy. D. Rainy.
D
In large population studies，people who eat lots of fruits and vegetables high in vitamin C appear to have a reduced risk for various types of cancer，including cancers of the mouth and lung.But it's not clear that these benefits come specifically from vitamin C.The Age-Related Eye Disease Study found that a daily supplement containing 500 mg of vitamin C can help slow the progress of macular degeneration，an age-related eye disease that causes vision loss.But we don't know what benefits，if any，are provided by vitamin C in particular.
Many people take vitamin C supplements in unnecessarily high doses to prevent or treat various conditions for which its effectiveness is unproved.The vitamin C supplements have variously been said for staving off sunburn and improving the appearance of wrinkles.None of these benefits have been confirmed in scientific studies.
Perhaps the best-known and most widely promoted use of high-dose（高剂量）vitamin C is to prevent or treat the common cold.Most of the evidence shows that high-dose vitamin C will，at most，shorten a cold by one day.In ordinary circumstances，vitamin C has no preventive value，although a few studies have reported a 50% reduced risk of developing colds among people taking vitamin C in extreme circumstances-for example，skiers，marathon runners，and soldiers working in extreme conditions.
The recommended vitamin C dosage per day for healthy women is 75 mg per day.For adults，the highest safe daily intake is likely to be 2，000 mg per day.Vitamin C is water-soluble，so any amount more than you need will not be stored in the body.It's safe in almost any amount from foods，and supplements in recommended amounts are also regarded as safe for most people.In some people，high doses-more than，say，2，000 or 3，000 mg per day-can cause a variety of symptoms.People with kidney conditions should take no more than 1，000 mg a day.
12. What can we learn about vitamin C in the first paragraph？
A. It can be of better effect in higher doses.
B. It can be a cure for age-related eye disease.
C. It can help slow the progress of some illness.
D. It can reduce the risks of the mouth cancer.
13. What function does vitamin C have intreating the common cold？
A. It can help people save plenty of money.
B. It can stop soldiers from catching a cold.
C. It may reduce a cold by one day at most.
D. It may prevent the common cold efficiently.
14. How much Vitamin C are healthy women advised to take per day？
A. 75 mg. B. 500 mg. C. 2，000 mg. D. 3，000 mg.
15. Where is this text probably taken from？
A. An exam paper. B. A travel journal.
C. An art guidebook. D. A science magazine.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Everyone has their own way of taking notes.But beyond just noting down key points when you hear them，you can take advantage of a few different methods to improve information recording and learning experience.
The Charting Method
（1） .These could include important dates，people，events，phrases，etc.For example，the columns in a history class could be "Date， ""Person， " and "Significance. " This is a great method to use when the content is difficult to understand or presented quickly，as it allows you to get an overview of the lecture in your own words.
The Outline Method
Place the most important points farthest to the left of your paper so the more to the right a point is，the less important it is.（2） .Your outline should be a well-organized system where each subheading relates back to the original heading.Outlining reduces editing，records content，and relation- ships，and allows for easy reviewing.
（3） .
Write every new thought with a new sentence.Although similar to the outline method，this method is easier to use when the material is difficult.It is best to immediately review these sentences after class and rank what information is most important and least important.
The Mapping Method
Find out the main topic and underline it at the top or middle of your paper.（4） .Continue down or outward until you cover all the relevant information.Color coding or changing the shape of the bubble depending on where the information came from could be helpful.For example，a rectangle （矩形）for book information and an oval（椭圆）for lecture information.
The Note-taking Method for You
If you're unsure which method fits your learning style best，start from the top and try each one.Keep in mind that one method might work well for one type but not necessarily for all of your types.（5） .
A.The sentence method
B.The connecting method
C.But your teacher may have a better method
D.So don't be afraid to try and you will make it
E.Separate your paper into columns headed by types
F.Identify the sub-topics or supporting main ideas and put them around it
G.It's important to note that once you start a new topic，begin the left once more
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
We often see people with high EQ in our life or on TV，who are able to take things easy when things are difficult.The words they say and the actions they take can always（1） things around and make people（2） their talent.So what makes them so（3） ？In addition to the ability to change things very quickly，of course，it is（4） attitude that gives them enough energy to（5） the best solutions，to the onlookers（6） a gentle image and set up a good reputation.So how do you make yourself remain calm？There are two ways of human（7） .One is the stimulus （刺激）reaction，the other is the thinking reaction.The former reaction is（8） action-immediate and rapid，and does not（9） through the brain.For example，if you suddenly touch something very hot，you will immediately（10） your hand.If you（11） a snake under your feet，you will immediately（12） away.A thinking reaction，by（13） ，is an action taken after（14） ，such as chess，career，marriage and so on.These are behaviors that we（15） according to our own opinions.However，anger，tension，worry，fear-these are the（16） of a stimulus response.The（17） of emotional control is essentially a reactive attitude to an event，（18） from an immediate response to a thinking response，weighing it and then（19） it in the way that you want.It is only by understanding this logic that it is possible to（20） emotions from stimulus to thinking reflection.
21. A. move B. take C. turn D. show
22. A. seek B. permit C. admire D. lose
23. A. brilliant B. eager C. proud D. ashamed
24. A. critical B. calm C. cautious D. careful
25. A. think about B. take up C. speak out D. fade away
26. A. appreciate B. witness C. draw D. leave
27. A. reaction B. solution C. attitude D. appearance
28. A. confused B. conditioned C. supposed D. reported
29. A. lead B. go C. hear D. drive
30. A. receive B. withdraw C. cut D. hold
31. A. cover B. kill C. eat D. see
32. A. put B. give C. boil D. jump
33. A. definition B. tradition C. mistake D. coincidence
34. A. exploration B. imagination C. observation D. consideration
35. A. drop out B. try out C. carry out D. leave out
36. A. cause B. source C. result D. resource
37. A. function B. degree C. effect D. idea
38. A. developing B. transforming C. fighting D. testing
39. A. hesitating B. forecasting C. expressing D. correcting
40. A. control B. share C. explain D. remember
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I have always been a language enthusiast，especially of the languages more distant from my mother tongue （Spanish）.I learned that only a year before， （1） new degree called Modern Languages and their Literatures，which included Chinese among three other languages， （2） （establish） at the University of Granada.I chose to study Chinese though I didn't know a word of it.
The four years were a journey of hope and （3） （disappoint） in equal parts.I wanted to quit several times in the third year， （4） （see） that after two years of hard study it was impossible for me to keep a simple conversation in Chinese.
Thinking of all the （5） （invest） time，I determined to finish my degree.After that，I would look for an opportunity to go to China for further study.During my study period，the one that （6） （real） helped me to start speaking Chinese was the Chinese Bridge，a contest （7） which I participated with zero talent and great enthusiasm.The preparation for the contest benefited me a lot and （8） （strength） my desire to improve.Thus，I graduated with honors and applied for a one-year scholarship to study Chinese in China.So in August of 2015 I arrived to Nanjing University， （9） I lived and studied for nine months.A year later，I headed to Yunnan Normal University （10） （pursue） another Master's Degree in teaching Chinese to foreigners.
When I look back to my past study life，I know it was many unknown paths that took me to the right places.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42. 假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
How much water should you drink each day？Studies have produced varying advices over the years.But your individual water needs depend many factors.Know more about your body's needs will help me estimate how much water to drink each day.Normal kidneys can release nearly a quart of fluid every hour.If you drink less than that，you'll keep the extra water in your body，that can be poisonous to your health.For the most people，drinking more than needed water is neither necessary or medically helpful.Normal day water intake is up to the level of physical activity and climate.It was recommended that men should not drink over 3.7 liters and 2.7 liters for women.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43. 上周，你班组织了一次"用英语讲述汉语成语故事"的活动。请你根据以下六幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文稿件。内容包括：
（1）介绍图中的成语故事；
（2）故事的启示。
注意：
（3）词数100左右；
（4）故事的题目和首句已为你写好。
提示词：锄头hoe；树桩 tree stump；启示 inspiration
The Wait for the Hare Once upon a time，there was a Song man who had a fertile field.Every day，he worked hard and got a good harvest.
__________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Universal Studios Hollywood中的Cinema lovers delight as they visit Universal Studios Hollywood.（电影爱好者在参观好莱坞环球影城时欣喜若狂）可知，好莱坞环球影城会成为电影爱好者的首选。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Knott's Berry Farm中的Knott's Berry Farm is one of the most popular theme parks in Califormia and it is also known as"America's first theme park，"for it is over 100 years old.（诺特的浆果农场是加州最受欢迎的主题公园之一，它也被称为"美国第一个主题公园"，因为它有100多年的历史。）和Work up your appetite from walking around the park all day for a delicious chicken dinner.（为了一顿美味的鸡肉晚餐，你可以在公园里散步一整天来增加你的食欲。）可知，在"美国第一个主题公园"可以吃到鸡肉。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据Legoland California中的Kids are excited when they see their favorite toys come to life at a whole amusement park.（当孩子们看到他们最喜欢的玩具在整个游乐园里栩栩如生时，他们都很兴奋）可知，乐高乐园是加州的儿童乐园，因为他们可以生动地体验他们最喜欢的玩具。故选C。
这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了加州三大不容错过的主题公园的相关信息。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】B、B、A、C
【解析】（1）词句猜测题。根据第一段However，our world has changed and now I must give careful consideration to this journey，as my age and health condition put me into the " vulnerable" category.（然而，我们的世界已经改变了，现在我必须仔细考虑这次旅行，因为我的年龄和健康状况使我属于"vulnerable"一类。）和下文 Is this a package that must go out now？Which of the post offices is closest to me？（这是一个现在必须寄出的包裹吗？哪个邮局离我最近？）可知，我的年龄和健康状况使我属于"容易受伤"的一类。A．Easily lost.容易丢失的；B．Easily hurt.容易受伤的；C．Easily surprised.容易吃惊的；D．Easily overlooked.容易被忽视的。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Shortly，I was called to the window，where the postal clerk was aware of the fear in my eyes.She quietly stepped back from her station and signaled me to come forward.I stepped up to the counter and placed my package on the scale.She then signaled me to step back.I moved away and she began the process of weighing it and determining the proper postage.She told me the price and signaled me forward as she took a step back.Again，I believed she saw the terror in my eyes and said， "One moment，Ma'am. " She leaned under the counter and picked up a wipe.She thoroughly cleaned the credit card machine and the entire counter around it.She then stepped back and again signaled me forward.（不久，我被叫到窗口，那里的邮政职员意识到了我眼中的恐惧。她悄悄地从车站退了回来，示意我上前。我走到柜台前，把包裹放在磅秤上。然后她示意我后退一步。我退后，她开始称重并确定合适的邮费。她告诉了我价格，并在后退一步时示意我前进。我又一次相信她看到了我眼中的恐惧，于是说："等一下，女士。"她靠在柜台下，拿起一块抹布。她彻底清洗了信用卡刷卡机和周围的整个柜台。然后她后退一步，再次示意我向前走。）可知，那个职员来回走了好几次是为了减轻作者的恐惧。故选B项，
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段I was so moved by the care with which she accomplished this usually very simple task.（我被她完成这个通常很简单的任务时的关心感动了）可知，职员的关心感动了作者。故选A项。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Going to the post office is usually a weekly event for me.However，our world has changed and now I must give careful consideration to this journey，as my age and health condition put me into the "vulnerable" category.There are decisions that I need to make.Is this a package that must go out now？Which of the post offices is closest to me？Before I set out from my home，I need to make two decisions!（去邮局通常是我每周的一件事。然而，我们的世界已经改变了，现在我必须仔细考虑这次旅行，因为我的年龄和健康状况使我属于"脆弱"一类。我需要做一些决定。这个包裹必须现在寄出吗？哪个邮局离我最近？在我离开家之前，我需要做两个决定!）以及根据第三段I was so moved by the care with which she accomplished this usually very simple task.（我被她完成这个通常很简单的任务时的关心感动了）可知，短文叙述了普通但是特殊的一天。因此C．An Ordinary but Special Day.（一个普通却特殊的日子。）符合题意。A．A Tough but Simple Decision.一个艰难但简单的决定；B．A Silly but Wise Person.一个愚蠢但聪明的人；C．An Ordinary but Special Day.一个普通却特殊的日子；D．A Kind but Cruel Clerk.一个善良但残忍的职员。故选C项。
本文是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者去邮局邮递包裹时受到邮政职员特别的理解和关心的故事。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段This year will have been the warmest in the UK，the Met Office has said.（英国气象局表示，今年将是英国最温暖的一年）可知，今年英国特别之处是最温暖的一年将会发生。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Dr.Mark McCarthy，head of the National Climate Information Centre，said："While many people will remember the summer's extreme heat，what hurts people most，especially the elderly，this year is the relatively consistent heat through the year. "（国家气候信息中心负责人Mark McCarthy博士说："虽然许多人会记得夏天的酷热，但今年对人们，尤其是对老年人，伤害最大的是全年相对持续的高温。"）由此判断出，许多老年人可能会因为高温而去医院。故选C项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Record-breaking investment in the renewable technologies will get us out of this mess.（对可再生技术的破纪录投资将使我们摆脱困境）可知，Rebecca认为可再生能源可以很好地应对气候变化。故选A项。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段Although temperatures will stay mild for much of the UK，the Met Office warned that the rainfall will hit England and Wales this Saturday and Sunday.（尽管英国大部分地区气温将保持温和，但气象局警告称，降雨将于本周六和周日袭击英格兰和威尔士。）可知，本周威尔士多雨。A.Sunny.阳光明媚的；B.Snowy.下雪的；C.Cloudy.多云的；D.Rainy.下雨的。故选D项。
这是一篇说明文，介绍了全球气候变化导致英国出现极端天气。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】C、C、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段In large population studies，people who eat lots of fruits and vegetables high in vitamin C appear to have a reduced risk for various types of cancer，including cancers of the mouth and lung.But it's not clear that these benefits come specifically from vitamin C.The Age-Related Eye Disease Study found that a daily supplement containing 500 mg of vitamin C can help slow the progress of macular degeneration，an age-related eye disease that causes vision loss（在大规模人群研究中，吃大量富含维生素C的水果和蔬菜的人患各种癌症的风险似乎降低了，包括口腔癌和肺癌。但目前尚不清楚这些益处是否特别来自维生素C。与年龄相关的眼病研究发现，每天补充500毫克维生素C有助于减缓黄斑变性的进展，黄斑变性是一种与年龄有关的眼病，会导致视力下降。）由此可知，维生素C可以帮助减缓某些疾病的进展。故选C项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Most of the evidence shows that high-dose vitamin C will，at most，shorten a cold by one day.（大多数证据表明，大剂量的维生素C最多能使感冒时间缩短一天）可知，维生素C对治疗普通感冒的作用是它最多能减轻一天的感冒。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段The recommended vitamin C dosage per day for healthy women is 75 mg per day.（健康女性每天维生素C的推荐剂量是75毫克。）可知，建议健康女性每天摄入75毫克维生素C。故选A项。
（4）文章出处题。短文介绍了维生素C有诸多好处还没有得到证实，对一些人来说，服用维生素C要慎重。所以短文来自于科学杂志。A．An exam paper.一份试卷；B．A travel journal.旅游杂志；C．An art guidebook.艺术指南；D．A science magazine.一本科学杂志。故选D项。
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了维生素C有诸多好处还没有得到证实，对一些人来说，服用维生素C要慎重。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】E、G、A、F、D
【解析】（1）联系下文题。根据下文These could include important dates，people，events，phrases，etc.For example，the columns in a history class could be "Date， ""Person， " and "Significance. "（这些可能包括重要的日期、人物、事件、短语等。例如，历史课中的列可以是"日期"、"人物"和"意义"。）可知，可以将论文进行分类。故E.Separate your paper into columns headed by types（将你的论文按类型分为几列）符合语境。故选E项。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文Place the most important points farthest to the left of your paper so the more to the right a point is，the less important it is.（把最重要的点放在纸的最左边，所以一个点越靠右边，它就越不重要。）可知，选项承接上文说明要注意的事项。故G.It's important to note that once you start a new topic，begin the left once more（重要的是要注意，一旦你开始一个新的话题，就再从左边开始一次）符合语境。故选G项。
（3）段落标题题。根据下文Write every new thought with a new sentence.Although similar to the outline method，this method is easier to use when the material is difficult.It is best to immediately review these sentences after class and rank what information is most important and least important.（把每一个新的想法用一个新的句子写下来。虽然类似于提纲法，但这种方法在材料困难时更容易使用。最好在课后立即复习这些句子，并将最重要和最不重要的信息进行排序。）可知，本段在说要使用句子方法。故A.The sentence method（句子方法）符合语境，为本段的标题。故选A项。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文Find out the main topic and underline it at the top or middle of your paper.（找出主题，在论文的顶部或中间划线。）可知，选项继续说明下一步做什么。故F.Identify the sub-topics or supporting main ideas and put them around it（确定副标题或支持主要观点，并围绕主题展开讨论）符合语境。故选F项。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文Keep in mind that one method might work well for one type but not necessarily for all of your types.（请记住，一种方法可能适用于一种类型，但不一定适用于所有类型。）可知，选项承接上文鼓励我们应该去尝试。故D.So don't be afraid to try and you will make it（所以不要害怕尝试，你会成功的）符合语境。故选D项。
这是一篇说明文。每个人都有自己的记笔记方式。但是，除了在听到关键点时记下它们之外，你还可以利用一些不同的方法来改善信息记录和学习体验。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~40.【答案】C、C、A、B、A、D、A、B、B、B、D、D、A、D、C、C、D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.move移动；B.take带走；C.turn转向；D.show展示。根据后文In addition to the ability to change things very quickly可知除了快速改变事物的能力，说明他们说的话和采取的行动总能扭转乾坤，让人佩服他们的才华。turn around扭转。故答案为C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.seek寻找；B.permit允许；C.admire崇拜；D.lose失去。根据前文We often see people with high EQ in our life or on TV，who are able to take things easy when things are difficult可知我们经常在生活中或电视上看到高情商的人，他们能够在困难的时候从容不迫。说明人们佩服他们的才华。故答案为C。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.brilliant聪明的，有才能的；B.eager渴望的；C.proud自豪的；D.ashamed羞耻的。根据前文We often see people with high EQ in our life or on TV，who are able to take things easy when things are difficult可知我们经常在生活中或电视上看到高情商的人，他们能够在困难的时候从容不迫。说明他们非常有才能。故答案为A。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.critical关键的；B.calm冷静的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.careful小心的。根据后文So how do you make yourself remain calm？可知那么如何让自己保持冷静呢？说明正是冷静的态度让他们有足够的精力去思考最佳的解决方案，给旁观者留下一个温和的形象并树立良好的声誉。故答案为B。
（5）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.think about考虑；B.take up从事；C.speak out说出来；D.fade away逐渐消失。根据空后the best solutions可知正是冷静的态度让他们有足够的精力去思考最佳的解决方案，给旁观者留下一个温和的形象并树立良好的声誉。故答案为A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.appreciate感激；B.witness目睹；C.draw画画；D.leave留下。根据空后a gentle image可知给旁观者留下一个温和的形象并树立良好的声誉。故答案为D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.reaction反应；B.solution解决方法；C.attitude态度；D.appearance出现。根据下句One is the stimulus （刺激）reaction，the other is the thinking reaction可知一个是刺激反应，另一个是思维反应。说明人类的反应有两种方式。故答案为A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.confused使困惑；B.conditioned制约，加条件于；C.supposed认为；D.reported报道。前一种反应是条件作用---立即而迅速，不经过大脑。故答案为B。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.lead领导；B.go去；C.hear听到；D.drive加速。前一种反应是条件作用---立即而迅速，不经过大脑。go through通过。故答案为B。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.receive接收；B.withdraw撤退，撤回；C.cut切；D.hold举办。根据常识可知如果你突然碰到很烫的东西，你会立刻把手缩回去。故答案为B。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.cover覆盖；B.kill杀死；C.eat吃；D.see看到。根据常识可知如果你看到脚下有一条蛇，你会立刻跳开。故答案为D。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.put放；B.give给予；C.boil煮；D.jump跳。根据上句If you（11）a snake under your feet可知如果你看到脚下有一条蛇，你会立刻跳开。故答案为D。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.definition定义；B.tradition传统；C.mistake错误；D.coincidence巧合。思维反应，顾名思义，就是经过考虑后采取的行动，比如下棋、事业、婚姻等等。by definition顾名思义。故答案为A。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.exploration探索；B.imagination想象；C.observation观察；D.consideration考虑。根据下句such as chess，career，marriage and so on可知思维反应，顾名思义，就是经过考虑后采取的行动，比如下棋、事业、婚姻等等。故答案为D。
（15）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.drop out辍学；B.try out试用；C.carry out实施，完成；D.leave out省去。这些都是我们按照自己的想法进行的行为。故答案为C。
（16）考查名词及语境理解。A.cause起因；B.source来源；C.result结果；D.resource资源。然而，愤怒、紧张、担忧、恐惧---这些都是刺激反应的结果。故答案为C。
（17）考查名词及语境理解。A.function功能；B.degree学位；C.effect影响；D.idea想法。根据空后is essentially a reactive attitude to an event可知情绪控制的想法本质上是对事件的反应态度。故答案为D。
（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.developing发展；B.transforming变形；C.fighting打架；D.testing检测。根据空后from an immediate response to a thinking response可知情绪控制的想法本质上是对事件的反应态度，从即时反应转变为思考反应，权衡它，然后以你想要的方式表达出来。故答案为B。
（19）考查动词及语境理解。A.hesitating犹豫；B.forecasting预测；C.expressing表达；D.correcting改正。情绪控制的想法本质上是对事件的反应态度，从即时反应转变为思考反应，权衡它，然后以你想要的方式表达出来。故答案为C。
（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.control控制；B.share分享；C.explain解释；D.remember记住。只有理解了这个逻辑，才有可能控制情绪从刺激到思考反思。故答案为A。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了人类的反应有两种方式，一个是刺激反应，另一个是思维反应。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
41.【答案】【小题1】a
【小题2】had been established
【小题3】disappointment
【小题4】seeing
【小题5】invested
【小题6】really
【小题7】in
【小题8】strengthened
【小题9】where
【小题10】to pursue
【解析】（1）考查冠词。句意：我了解到，就在一年前，格拉纳达大学设立了一个新的学位，名为"现代语言及其文学"，其中包括汉语和其他三种语言。可数名词degree在句中表示"一个新的学位"，泛指，new以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
（2）考查动词时态和语态。句意：我了解到，就在一年前，格拉纳达大学设立了一个新的学位，名为"现代语言及其文学"，其中包括汉语和其他三种语言。分析句子可知，establish在宾语从句中作谓语，与主语（a） new degree之间是被动关系，结合句中"I learned that only a year before， ..."可知，动作发生在"过去的过去"，应使用过去完成时态。此处应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been established。
（3）考查不可数名词。句意：这四年是一段充满希望和失望的旅程。分析句子可知，此处与hope是并列关系，应用名词disappointment，作宾语，不可数名词。故填disappointment。
（4）考查现在分词。句意：大三时我曾数次想要放弃，因为经过两年的刻苦学习，我仍无法用中文进行简单的对话。分析句子可知，此处在句中作状语，see与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词表示主动。故填seeing。
（5）考查过去分词。句意：考虑到投入的时间，我决定完成我的学位。分析句子可知，此处在句中作定语修饰名词time，与逻辑主语time之间是被动关系，表示"被投入的时间"，应用过去分词形式。故填invested。
（6）考查副词。句意：在我的学习期间，真正帮助我开始说汉语的是汉语桥比赛，我以零天赋和极大的热情参加了这个比赛。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词helped，应用副词really作状语，意为"真正地"。故填really。
（7）考查介词。句意：在我的学习期间，真正帮助我开始说汉语的是汉语桥比赛，我以零天赋和极大的热情参加了这个比赛。分析句子可知，"which I participated with zero talent and great enthusiasm"是定语从句修饰先行词contest，关系代词which将先行词代入定语从句中作动词短语participated in的宾语，句中需要加上介词in并置于关系代词前。故填in。
（8）考查动词时态。句意：为比赛所做的准备使我受益匪浅，并加强了我提高的愿望。分析句子可知，此处与动词benefited并列作谓语，应填动词，且用一般过去时态。故填strengthened。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：所以2015年8月我来到南京大学，在那里我生活和学习了9个月。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Nanjing University，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示"在南京大学"，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
（10）考查不定式。句意：一年后，我前往云南师范大学攻读另一个对外汉语教学硕士学位。根据句意，"（pursue） another Master's Degree"是"I headed to Yunnan Normal University"的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to pursue。
本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己学习中文的经历。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】How much water should you drink each day？Studies have produced varying advices over the years.But your individual water needs depend ∧ many factors. Know more about your body's needs will help me estimate how much water to drink each day.Normal kidneys can release nearly a quart of fluid every hour.If you drink less than that，you'll keep the extra water in your body， that can be poisonous to your health.For the most people，drinking more than needed water is neither necessary or medically helpful.Normal day water intake is up to the level of physical activity and climate.It was recommended that men should not drink over 3.7 liters and 2.7 liters for women.
详解：
（1）考查不可数名词。句意：多年来，研究得出了不同的建议。advice不可数名词。故advices改为 advice。
（2）考查介词。句意：但是你个人的水需求取决于很多因素。depend on"取决于"为固定短语。故depend后加on。
（3）考查动名词。句意：了解你身体的需求可以帮助你估计每天需要喝多少水。分析句子可知，此处应用动名词作主语。故Know改为Knowing。
（4）考查代词。句意：了解你身体的需求可以帮助你估计每天需要喝多少水。根据"your body's needs"可知，了解你身体的需求可以帮助你估计每天需要喝多少水。help后接me作宾语。故me改为you。
（5）考查不定代词。句意：如果你喝的水超过这个量，你就会把多余的水留在体内，这对你的健康是有害的。根据"you'll keep the extra water in your body"可知，如果你喝的水超过这个量，你就会把多余的水留在体内。故less改为more。
（6）考查关系代词。句意：如果你喝的水超过这个量，你就会把多余的水留在体内，这对你的健康是有害的。which指代前面的句子，在非限制性定语从句作主语，故that改为which。
（7）考查冠词。句意：对大多数人来说，喝太多的水既没有必要，也没有医疗帮助。"for most people"对于大多数人。故删除the。
（8）考查固定搭配。句意：对大多数人来说，喝太多的水既没有必要，也没有医疗帮助。neither…nor"既不…也不"为固定搭配。故or改为nor。
（9）考查形容词。句意：平常一天的饮水量取决于身体活动和气候的水平。water intake是名词短语，应用形容词daily修饰。故day改为daily。
（10）考查时态。句意：建议男性饮酒量不要超过3.7升，女性不要超过2.7升。本句在陈述事实，所以为一般现在时的被动语态。故was改为is。
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了个人的饮水需求取决于很多因素以及男性和女性一天的饮水量。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】The Wait for the Hare
Once upon a time，there was a Song man who had a fertile field.Every day，he worked hard and got a good harvest.
One day，he was working in the field when a rabbit hit and died by a tree stump.【高分句型一】He ran over，picked up the rabbit and went home happily.After enjoying the delicious rabbit meat，he thought proudly： "If I could pick up such a rabbit every day，I wouldn't have to work so hard. " So，from the next day on，he put down his hoe and sat in front of the stump，waiting for another rabbit to be killed.His field was gradually covered with weeds and the crops were dead，but no rabbits were killed again. （介绍图中的成语故事）
The inspiration of this story is that we should take the initiative to do everything and not have illusions. 【高分句型二】Any attempt to get something for nothing will result in nothing. （故事的启示）
【解析】高分句型一：One day，he was working in the field when a rabbit hit and died by a tree stump.
翻译：有一天，他正在地里干活，一只兔子撞到树桩上死了。
分析：本句运用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：The inspiration of this story is that we should take the initiative to do everything and not have illusions.
翻译：这个故事的启示是，我们应该主动去做每一件事，不要抱有幻想。
分析：本句运用了that引导的表语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
2023年陕西省咸阳市高考英语模拟试卷（二）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
With thrill-seeking spots from north to south，there are various of theme parks in California for every taste and style.Different parks offer unique experiences and I'm here to help you decide which is best for you!Here are the top 3 California theme parks that shouldn't be missed.
Universal Studios Hollywood
Cinema lovers delight as they visit Universal Studios Hollywood.Experience the movie magic and behind-the-scenes Hollywood studio tours at this Southern California theme park.This is one of the best theme parks in California that doesn't break the bank.There are always discounts available online and with a good search，you may end up paying next to nothing for a trip to Universal Studios with the whole family.
Knott's Berry Farm
Knott's Berry Farm is one of the most popular theme parks in California and it is also known as "America's first theme park， " for it is over 100 years old.Its wild west theme is seen throughout the park with cowboy characters striding （阔步）along in the western-themed live entertainment.After you go on roller coasters，check out Mrs.Knott's Chicken Dinner Restaurant.Some guests visit the theme park for that restaurant alone.Work up your appetite from walking around the park all day for a delicious chicken dinner.
Legoland California
Legoland California is a children's paradise （乐园）.Kids are excited when they see their favorite toys come to life at a whole amusement park.There are also kid-themed shows for children to watch throughout the park so your children never grow bored.Don't forget to try all the delicious food around Legoland like fried apples.
1. Who will make Universal Studios Hollywood their first choice？
A. Lego lovers. B. Movie lovers.
C. Thrill seekers. D. Bargain traders.
2. What is available in "America's first theme park"？
A. Fish. B. Beef. C. Mutton. D. Chicken.
3. Why is Legoland California children's paradise？
A. They can eat the delicious food free of charge.
B. They can play a part in the kid-themed shows.
C. They can experience their favorite toys vividly.
D. They can make fried apples when feeling bored.
B
Going to the post office is usually a weekly event for me.However，our world has changed and now I must give careful consideration to this journey，as my age and health condition put me into the " vulnerable" category.There are decisions that I need to make.Is this a package that must go out now？Which of the post offices is closest to me？Before I set out from my home，I need to make two decisions!
On the drive over，I determined that I should wait for someone to come out and ask them to take my package in.One more decision was made.Then I realized that I would be making contact with a perfect stranger，and what is the difference between talking to that stranger and just going in and talking to the clerk？Another decision was made and then I walked inside and waited for my turn.
Shortly，I was called to the window，where the postal clerk was aware of the fear in my eyes.She quietly stepped back from her station and signaled me to come forward.I stepped up to the counter and placed my package on the scale.She then signaled me to step back.I moved away and she began the process of weighing it and determining the proper postage.She told me the price and signaled me forward as she took a step back.Again，I believed she saw the terror in my eyes and said， "One moment，Ma'am. " She leaned under the counter and picked up a wipe.She thoroughly cleaned the credit card machine and the entire counter around it.She then stepped back and again signaled me forward.As I inserted my card，my tears started to roll down.I was so moved by the care with which she accomplished this usually very simple task.When I had completed the transaction（交易），she again signaled me back as she stepped forward.She took the receipt，wiped it down，and lay it on the counter.Beside it，she placed a clean tissue as she could see my tears were still streaming down my cheeks.She again stepped away from the counter.I picked up the receipt and took a step back.
In gratitude，I bowed to her.She bowed to me with equal respect.
4. What does"vulnerable" underlined in Paragraph 1 refer to？
A. Easily lost. B. Easily hurt.
C. Easily surprised. D. Easily overlooked.
5. Why did the clerk step back and forward several times？
A. To clean the writer's card. B. To relieve the writer's fear.
C. To signal the writer better. D. To show the writer politeness.
6. What moved the author to tears？
A. The clerk's care. B. The cheap price.
C. The clerk's tissue. D. The clean counter.
7. What is the most suitable title for the text？
A. A Tough but Simple Decision. B. A Silly but Wise Person.
C. An Ordinary but Special Day. D. A Kind but Cruel Clerk.
C
This year will have been the warmest in the UK，the Met Office has said.Although for many people the record from the year that attracted the most attention was that the summer heatwave reached 40.3℃，the organization said that more significant was a figure 30 degrees lower-the average temperature over the course of the year.
Although the exact temperature will need to be confirmed in the new year，the Met Office predicted that 2022 is going to exceed （超过）the previous record for the warmest annual average，which was 9.88 C in 2014.Apart from this month，every other month in the UK in 2022 was warmer than average.New Year's Day 2022 was the warmest on record，exceeding 16℃ in North Wales.Dr.Mark McCarthy，head of the National Climate Information Centre，said： "While many people will remember the summer's extreme heat，what hurts people most，especially the elderly，this year is the relatively consistent heat through the year. " Although this summer was the fourth warmest on record，it was the first in which the temperature exceeded 40℃.
McCarthy said that we can expect to see increasingly warmer summers as a consequence of climate change. "The warm year is in line with the impacts we expect as a result of human-related climate change， "he said. "Although it doesn't mean every year will be the warmest on record，climate change continues to increase the chances of increasingly warm years over the coming decades. "Rebecca Newsom，head of politics at Greenpeace UK，said： "These aren't the kind of records you want to be breaking.Record-breaking investment in the renewable technologies will get us out of this mess.
At present though，Britain is ready for rain，with forecasters warning of difficult driving conditions caused by wet weather over the next few days.Although temperatures will stay mild for much of the UK，the Met Office warned that the rainfall will hit England and Wales this Saturday and Sunday.
8. What will make this year special in the UK？
A. The most visitors will be attracted.
B. The warmest year will take place.
C. The biggest success will be achieved.
D. The highest temperature will be 30℃.
9. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2？
A. Every month in the UK was warmer than average.
B. Next summer may be the first summer to exceed 40℃.
C. Many elderly men may go to hospital for the high heat.
D. New Year's Day was the warmest on record in England.
10. What does Rebecca think of the future climate？
A. Renewable energies can fight climate change well.
B. Record of high temperature will be broken next year.
C. Politicians should be responsible for the current mess.
D. Warm summers are a consequence of human activities.
11. What is the weather like in Wales this weekend？
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Cloudy. D. Rainy.
D
In large population studies，people who eat lots of fruits and vegetables high in vitamin C appear to have a reduced risk for various types of cancer，including cancers of the mouth and lung.But it's not clear that these benefits come specifically from vitamin C.The Age-Related Eye Disease Study found that a daily supplement containing 500 mg of vitamin C can help slow the progress of macular degeneration，an age-related eye disease that causes vision loss.But we don't know what benefits，if any，are provided by vitamin C in particular.
Many people take vitamin C supplements in unnecessarily high doses to prevent or treat various conditions for which its effectiveness is unproved.The vitamin C supplements have variously been said for staving off sunburn and improving the appearance of wrinkles.None of these benefits have been confirmed in scientific studies.
Perhaps the best-known and most widely promoted use of high-dose（高剂量）vitamin C is to prevent or treat the common cold.Most of the evidence shows that high-dose vitamin C will，at most，shorten a cold by one day.In ordinary circumstances，vitamin C has no preventive value，although a few studies have reported a 50% reduced risk of developing colds among people taking vitamin C in extreme circumstances-for example，skiers，marathon runners，and soldiers working in extreme conditions.
The recommended vitamin C dosage per day for healthy women is 75 mg per day.For adults，the highest safe daily intake is likely to be 2，000 mg per day.Vitamin C is water-soluble，so any amount more than you need will not be stored in the body.It's safe in almost any amount from foods，and supplements in recommended amounts are also regarded as safe for most people.In some people，high doses-more than，say，2，000 or 3，000 mg per day-can cause a variety of symptoms.People with kidney conditions should take no more than 1，000 mg a day.
12. What can we learn about vitamin C in the first paragraph？
A. It can be of better effect in higher doses.
B. It can be a cure for age-related eye disease.
C. It can help slow the progress of some illness.
D. It can reduce the risks of the mouth cancer.
13. What function does vitamin C have intreating the common cold？
A. It can help people save plenty of money.
B. It can stop soldiers from catching a cold.
C. It may reduce a cold by one day at most.
D. It may prevent the common cold efficiently.
14. How much Vitamin C are healthy women advised to take per day？
A. 75 mg. B. 500 mg. C. 2，000 mg. D. 3，000 mg.
15. Where is this text probably taken from？
A. An exam paper. B. A travel journal.
C. An art guidebook. D. A science magazine.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Everyone has their own way of taking notes.But beyond just noting down key points when you hear them，you can take advantage of a few different methods to improve information recording and learning experience.
The Charting Method
（1） .These could include important dates，people，events，phrases，etc.For example，the columns in a history class could be "Date， ""Person， " and "Significance. " This is a great method to use when the content is difficult to understand or presented quickly，as it allows you to get an overview of the lecture in your own words.
The Outline Method
Place the most important points farthest to the left of your paper so the more to the right a point is，the less important it is.（2） .Your outline should be a well-organized system where each subheading relates back to the original heading.Outlining reduces editing，records content，and relation- ships，and allows for easy reviewing.
（3） .
Write every new thought with a new sentence.Although similar to the outline method，this method is easier to use when the material is difficult.It is best to immediately review these sentences after class and rank what information is most important and least important.
The Mapping Method
Find out the main topic and underline it at the top or middle of your paper.（4） .Continue down or outward until you cover all the relevant information.Color coding or changing the shape of the bubble depending on where the information came from could be helpful.For example，a rectangle （矩形）for book information and an oval（椭圆）for lecture information.
The Note-taking Method for You
If you're unsure which method fits your learning style best，start from the top and try each one.Keep in mind that one method might work well for one type but not necessarily for all of your types.（5） .
A.The sentence method
B.The connecting method
C.But your teacher may have a better method
D.So don't be afraid to try and you will make it
E.Separate your paper into columns headed by types
F.Identify the sub-topics or supporting main ideas and put them around it
G.It's important to note that once you start a new topic，begin the left once more
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
We often see people with high EQ in our life or on TV，who are able to take things easy when things are difficult.The words they say and the actions they take can always（1） things around and make people（2） their talent.So what makes them so（3） ？In addition to the ability to change things very quickly，of course，it is（4） attitude that gives them enough energy to（5） the best solutions，to the onlookers（6） a gentle image and set up a good reputation.So how do you make yourself remain calm？There are two ways of human（7） .One is the stimulus （刺激）reaction，the other is the thinking reaction.The former reaction is（8） action-immediate and rapid，and does not（9） through the brain.For example，if you suddenly touch something very hot，you will immediately（10） your hand.If you（11） a snake under your feet，you will immediately（12） away.A thinking reaction，by（13） ，is an action taken after（14） ，such as chess，career，marriage and so on.These are behaviors that we（15） according to our own opinions.However，anger，tension，worry，fear-these are the（16） of a stimulus response.The（17） of emotional control is essentially a reactive attitude to an event，（18） from an immediate response to a thinking response，weighing it and then（19） it in the way that you want.It is only by understanding this logic that it is possible to（20） emotions from stimulus to thinking reflection.
21. A. move B. take C. turn D. show
22. A. seek B. permit C. admire D. lose
23. A. brilliant B. eager C. proud D. ashamed
24. A. critical B. calm C. cautious D. careful
25. A. think about B. take up C. speak out D. fade away
26. A. appreciate B. witness C. draw D. leave
27. A. reaction B. solution C. attitude D. appearance
28. A. confused B. conditioned C. supposed D. reported
29. A. lead B. go C. hear D. drive
30. A. receive B. withdraw C. cut D. hold
31. A. cover B. kill C. eat D. see
32. A. put B. give C. boil D. jump
33. A. definition B. tradition C. mistake D. coincidence
34. A. exploration B. imagination C. observation D. consideration
35. A. drop out B. try out C. carry out D. leave out
36. A. cause B. source C. result D. resource
37. A. function B. degree C. effect D. idea
38. A. developing B. transforming C. fighting D. testing
39. A. hesitating B. forecasting C. expressing D. correcting
40. A. control B. share C. explain D. remember
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I have always been a language enthusiast，especially of the languages more distant from my mother tongue （Spanish）.I learned that only a year before， （1） new degree called Modern Languages and their Literatures，which included Chinese among three other languages， （2） （establish） at the University of Granada.I chose to study Chinese though I didn't know a word of it.
The four years were a journey of hope and （3） （disappoint） in equal parts.I wanted to quit several times in the third year， （4） （see） that after two years of hard study it was impossible for me to keep a simple conversation in Chinese.
Thinking of all the （5） （invest） time，I determined to finish my degree.After that，I would look for an opportunity to go to China for further study.During my study period，the one that （6） （real） helped me to start speaking Chinese was the Chinese Bridge，a contest （7） which I participated with zero talent and great enthusiasm.The preparation for the contest benefited me a lot and （8） （strength） my desire to improve.Thus，I graduated with honors and applied for a one-year scholarship to study Chinese in China.So in August of 2015 I arrived to Nanjing University， （9） I lived and studied for nine months.A year later，I headed to Yunnan Normal University （10） （pursue） another Master's Degree in teaching Chinese to foreigners.
When I look back to my past study life，I know it was many unknown paths that took me to the right places.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42. 假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
How much water should you drink each day？Studies have produced varying advices over the years.But your individual water needs depend many factors.Know more about your body's needs will help me estimate how much water to drink each day.Normal kidneys can release nearly a quart of fluid every hour.If you drink less than that，you'll keep the extra water in your body，that can be poisonous to your health.For the most people，drinking more than needed water is neither necessary or medically helpful.Normal day water intake is up to the level of physical activity and climate.It was recommended that men should not drink over 3.7 liters and 2.7 liters for women.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43. 上周，你班组织了一次"用英语讲述汉语成语故事"的活动。请你根据以下六幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文稿件。内容包括：
（1）介绍图中的成语故事；
（2）故事的启示。
注意：
（3）词数100左右；
（4）故事的题目和首句已为你写好。
提示词：锄头hoe；树桩 tree stump；启示 inspiration
The Wait for the Hare Once upon a time，there was a Song man who had a fertile field.Every day，he worked hard and got a good harvest.
__________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Universal Studios Hollywood中的Cinema lovers delight as they visit Universal Studios Hollywood.（电影爱好者在参观好莱坞环球影城时欣喜若狂）可知，好莱坞环球影城会成为电影爱好者的首选。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Knott's Berry Farm中的Knott's Berry Farm is one of the most popular theme parks in Califormia and it is also known as"America's first theme park，"for it is over 100 years old.（诺特的浆果农场是加州最受欢迎的主题公园之一，它也被称为"美国第一个主题公园"，因为它有100多年的历史。）和Work up your appetite from walking around the park all day for a delicious chicken dinner.（为了一顿美味的鸡肉晚餐，你可以在公园里散步一整天来增加你的食欲。）可知，在"美国第一个主题公园"可以吃到鸡肉。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据Legoland California中的Kids are excited when they see their favorite toys come to life at a whole amusement park.（当孩子们看到他们最喜欢的玩具在整个游乐园里栩栩如生时，他们都很兴奋）可知，乐高乐园是加州的儿童乐园，因为他们可以生动地体验他们最喜欢的玩具。故选C。
这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了加州三大不容错过的主题公园的相关信息。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】B、B、A、C
【解析】（1）词句猜测题。根据第一段However，our world has changed and now I must give careful consideration to this journey，as my age and health condition put me into the " vulnerable" category.（然而，我们的世界已经改变了，现在我必须仔细考虑这次旅行，因为我的年龄和健康状况使我属于"vulnerable"一类。）和下文 Is this a package that must go out now？Which of the post offices is closest to me？（这是一个现在必须寄出的包裹吗？哪个邮局离我最近？）可知，我的年龄和健康状况使我属于"容易受伤"的一类。A．Easily lost.容易丢失的；B．Easily hurt.容易受伤的；C．Easily surprised.容易吃惊的；D．Easily overlooked.容易被忽视的。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Shortly，I was called to the window，where the postal clerk was aware of the fear in my eyes.She quietly stepped back from her station and signaled me to come forward.I stepped up to the counter and placed my package on the scale.She then signaled me to step back.I moved away and she began the process of weighing it and determining the proper postage.She told me the price and signaled me forward as she took a step back.Again，I believed she saw the terror in my eyes and said， "One moment，Ma'am. " She leaned under the counter and picked up a wipe.She thoroughly cleaned the credit card machine and the entire counter around it.She then stepped back and again signaled me forward.（不久，我被叫到窗口，那里的邮政职员意识到了我眼中的恐惧。她悄悄地从车站退了回来，示意我上前。我走到柜台前，把包裹放在磅秤上。然后她示意我后退一步。我退后，她开始称重并确定合适的邮费。她告诉了我价格，并在后退一步时示意我前进。我又一次相信她看到了我眼中的恐惧，于是说："等一下，女士。"她靠在柜台下，拿起一块抹布。她彻底清洗了信用卡刷卡机和周围的整个柜台。然后她后退一步，再次示意我向前走。）可知，那个职员来回走了好几次是为了减轻作者的恐惧。故选B项，
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段I was so moved by the care with which she accomplished this usually very simple task.（我被她完成这个通常很简单的任务时的关心感动了）可知，职员的关心感动了作者。故选A项。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Going to the post office is usually a weekly event for me.However，our world has changed and now I must give careful consideration to this journey，as my age and health condition put me into the "vulnerable" category.There are decisions that I need to make.Is this a package that must go out now？Which of the post offices is closest to me？Before I set out from my home，I need to make two decisions!（去邮局通常是我每周的一件事。然而，我们的世界已经改变了，现在我必须仔细考虑这次旅行，因为我的年龄和健康状况使我属于"脆弱"一类。我需要做一些决定。这个包裹必须现在寄出吗？哪个邮局离我最近？在我离开家之前，我需要做两个决定!）以及根据第三段I was so moved by the care with which she accomplished this usually very simple task.（我被她完成这个通常很简单的任务时的关心感动了）可知，短文叙述了普通但是特殊的一天。因此C．An Ordinary but Special Day.（一个普通却特殊的日子。）符合题意。A．A Tough but Simple Decision.一个艰难但简单的决定；B．A Silly but Wise Person.一个愚蠢但聪明的人；C．An Ordinary but Special Day.一个普通却特殊的日子；D．A Kind but Cruel Clerk.一个善良但残忍的职员。故选C项。
本文是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者去邮局邮递包裹时受到邮政职员特别的理解和关心的故事。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段This year will have been the warmest in the UK，the Met Office has said.（英国气象局表示，今年将是英国最温暖的一年）可知，今年英国特别之处是最温暖的一年将会发生。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Dr.Mark McCarthy，head of the National Climate Information Centre，said："While many people will remember the summer's extreme heat，what hurts people most，especially the elderly，this year is the relatively consistent heat through the year. "（国家气候信息中心负责人Mark McCarthy博士说："虽然许多人会记得夏天的酷热，但今年对人们，尤其是对老年人，伤害最大的是全年相对持续的高温。"）由此判断出，许多老年人可能会因为高温而去医院。故选C项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Record-breaking investment in the renewable technologies will get us out of this mess.（对可再生技术的破纪录投资将使我们摆脱困境）可知，Rebecca认为可再生能源可以很好地应对气候变化。故选A项。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段Although temperatures will stay mild for much of the UK，the Met Office warned that the rainfall will hit England and Wales this Saturday and Sunday.（尽管英国大部分地区气温将保持温和，但气象局警告称，降雨将于本周六和周日袭击英格兰和威尔士。）可知，本周威尔士多雨。A.Sunny.阳光明媚的；B.Snowy.下雪的；C.Cloudy.多云的；D.Rainy.下雨的。故选D项。
这是一篇说明文，介绍了全球气候变化导致英国出现极端天气。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】C、C、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段In large population studies，people who eat lots of fruits and vegetables high in vitamin C appear to have a reduced risk for various types of cancer，including cancers of the mouth and lung.But it's not clear that these benefits come specifically from vitamin C.The Age-Related Eye Disease Study found that a daily supplement containing 500 mg of vitamin C can help slow the progress of macular degeneration，an age-related eye disease that causes vision loss（在大规模人群研究中，吃大量富含维生素C的水果和蔬菜的人患各种癌症的风险似乎降低了，包括口腔癌和肺癌。但目前尚不清楚这些益处是否特别来自维生素C。与年龄相关的眼病研究发现，每天补充500毫克维生素C有助于减缓黄斑变性的进展，黄斑变性是一种与年龄有关的眼病，会导致视力下降。）由此可知，维生素C可以帮助减缓某些疾病的进展。故选C项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Most of the evidence shows that high-dose vitamin C will，at most，shorten a cold by one day.（大多数证据表明，大剂量的维生素C最多能使感冒时间缩短一天）可知，维生素C对治疗普通感冒的作用是它最多能减轻一天的感冒。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段The recommended vitamin C dosage per day for healthy women is 75 mg per day.（健康女性每天维生素C的推荐剂量是75毫克。）可知，建议健康女性每天摄入75毫克维生素C。故选A项。
（4）文章出处题。短文介绍了维生素C有诸多好处还没有得到证实，对一些人来说，服用维生素C要慎重。所以短文来自于科学杂志。A．An exam paper.一份试卷；B．A travel journal.旅游杂志；C．An art guidebook.艺术指南；D．A science magazine.一本科学杂志。故选D项。
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了维生素C有诸多好处还没有得到证实，对一些人来说，服用维生素C要慎重。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】E、G、A、F、D
【解析】（1）联系下文题。根据下文These could include important dates，people，events，phrases，etc.For example，the columns in a history class could be "Date， ""Person， " and "Significance. "（这些可能包括重要的日期、人物、事件、短语等。例如，历史课中的列可以是"日期"、"人物"和"意义"。）可知，可以将论文进行分类。故E.Separate your paper into columns headed by types（将你的论文按类型分为几列）符合语境。故选E项。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文Place the most important points farthest to the left of your paper so the more to the right a point is，the less important it is.（把最重要的点放在纸的最左边，所以一个点越靠右边，它就越不重要。）可知，选项承接上文说明要注意的事项。故G.It's important to note that once you start a new topic，begin the left once more（重要的是要注意，一旦你开始一个新的话题，就再从左边开始一次）符合语境。故选G项。
（3）段落标题题。根据下文Write every new thought with a new sentence.Although similar to the outline method，this method is easier to use when the material is difficult.It is best to immediately review these sentences after class and rank what information is most important and least important.（把每一个新的想法用一个新的句子写下来。虽然类似于提纲法，但这种方法在材料困难时更容易使用。最好在课后立即复习这些句子，并将最重要和最不重要的信息进行排序。）可知，本段在说要使用句子方法。故A.The sentence method（句子方法）符合语境，为本段的标题。故选A项。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文Find out the main topic and underline it at the top or middle of your paper.（找出主题，在论文的顶部或中间划线。）可知，选项继续说明下一步做什么。故F.Identify the sub-topics or supporting main ideas and put them around it（确定副标题或支持主要观点，并围绕主题展开讨论）符合语境。故选F项。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文Keep in mind that one method might work well for one type but not necessarily for all of your types.（请记住，一种方法可能适用于一种类型，但不一定适用于所有类型。）可知，选项承接上文鼓励我们应该去尝试。故D.So don't be afraid to try and you will make it（所以不要害怕尝试，你会成功的）符合语境。故选D项。
这是一篇说明文。每个人都有自己的记笔记方式。但是，除了在听到关键点时记下它们之外，你还可以利用一些不同的方法来改善信息记录和学习体验。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~40.【答案】C、C、A、B、A、D、A、B、B、B、D、D、A、D、C、C、D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.move移动；B.take带走；C.turn转向；D.show展示。根据后文In addition to the ability to change things very quickly可知除了快速改变事物的能力，说明他们说的话和采取的行动总能扭转乾坤，让人佩服他们的才华。turn around扭转。故答案为C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.seek寻找；B.permit允许；C.admire崇拜；D.lose失去。根据前文We often see people with high EQ in our life or on TV，who are able to take things easy when things are difficult可知我们经常在生活中或电视上看到高情商的人，他们能够在困难的时候从容不迫。说明人们佩服他们的才华。故答案为C。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.brilliant聪明的，有才能的；B.eager渴望的；C.proud自豪的；D.ashamed羞耻的。根据前文We often see people with high EQ in our life or on TV，who are able to take things easy when things are difficult可知我们经常在生活中或电视上看到高情商的人，他们能够在困难的时候从容不迫。说明他们非常有才能。故答案为A。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.critical关键的；B.calm冷静的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.careful小心的。根据后文So how do you make yourself remain calm？可知那么如何让自己保持冷静呢？说明正是冷静的态度让他们有足够的精力去思考最佳的解决方案，给旁观者留下一个温和的形象并树立良好的声誉。故答案为B。
（5）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.think about考虑；B.take up从事；C.speak out说出来；D.fade away逐渐消失。根据空后the best solutions可知正是冷静的态度让他们有足够的精力去思考最佳的解决方案，给旁观者留下一个温和的形象并树立良好的声誉。故答案为A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.appreciate感激；B.witness目睹；C.draw画画；D.leave留下。根据空后a gentle image可知给旁观者留下一个温和的形象并树立良好的声誉。故答案为D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.reaction反应；B.solution解决方法；C.attitude态度；D.appearance出现。根据下句One is the stimulus （刺激）reaction，the other is the thinking reaction可知一个是刺激反应，另一个是思维反应。说明人类的反应有两种方式。故答案为A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.confused使困惑；B.conditioned制约，加条件于；C.supposed认为；D.reported报道。前一种反应是条件作用---立即而迅速，不经过大脑。故答案为B。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.lead领导；B.go去；C.hear听到；D.drive加速。前一种反应是条件作用---立即而迅速，不经过大脑。go through通过。故答案为B。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.receive接收；B.withdraw撤退，撤回；C.cut切；D.hold举办。根据常识可知如果你突然碰到很烫的东西，你会立刻把手缩回去。故答案为B。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.cover覆盖；B.kill杀死；C.eat吃；D.see看到。根据常识可知如果你看到脚下有一条蛇，你会立刻跳开。故答案为D。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.put放；B.give给予；C.boil煮；D.jump跳。根据上句If you（11）a snake under your feet可知如果你看到脚下有一条蛇，你会立刻跳开。故答案为D。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.definition定义；B.tradition传统；C.mistake错误；D.coincidence巧合。思维反应，顾名思义，就是经过考虑后采取的行动，比如下棋、事业、婚姻等等。by definition顾名思义。故答案为A。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.exploration探索；B.imagination想象；C.observation观察；D.consideration考虑。根据下句such as chess，career，marriage and so on可知思维反应，顾名思义，就是经过考虑后采取的行动，比如下棋、事业、婚姻等等。故答案为D。
（15）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.drop out辍学；B.try out试用；C.carry out实施，完成；D.leave out省去。这些都是我们按照自己的想法进行的行为。故答案为C。
（16）考查名词及语境理解。A.cause起因；B.source来源；C.result结果；D.resource资源。然而，愤怒、紧张、担忧、恐惧---这些都是刺激反应的结果。故答案为C。
（17）考查名词及语境理解。A.function功能；B.degree学位；C.effect影响；D.idea想法。根据空后is essentially a reactive attitude to an event可知情绪控制的想法本质上是对事件的反应态度。故答案为D。
（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.developing发展；B.transforming变形；C.fighting打架；D.testing检测。根据空后from an immediate response to a thinking response可知情绪控制的想法本质上是对事件的反应态度，从即时反应转变为思考反应，权衡它，然后以你想要的方式表达出来。故答案为B。
（19）考查动词及语境理解。A.hesitating犹豫；B.forecasting预测；C.expressing表达；D.correcting改正。情绪控制的想法本质上是对事件的反应态度，从即时反应转变为思考反应，权衡它，然后以你想要的方式表达出来。故答案为C。
（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.control控制；B.share分享；C.explain解释；D.remember记住。只有理解了这个逻辑，才有可能控制情绪从刺激到思考反思。故答案为A。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了人类的反应有两种方式，一个是刺激反应，另一个是思维反应。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
41.【答案】【小题1】a
【小题2】had been established
【小题3】disappointment
【小题4】seeing
【小题5】invested
【小题6】really
【小题7】in
【小题8】strengthened
【小题9】where
【小题10】to pursue
【解析】（1）考查冠词。句意：我了解到，就在一年前，格拉纳达大学设立了一个新的学位，名为"现代语言及其文学"，其中包括汉语和其他三种语言。可数名词degree在句中表示"一个新的学位"，泛指，new以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
（2）考查动词时态和语态。句意：我了解到，就在一年前，格拉纳达大学设立了一个新的学位，名为"现代语言及其文学"，其中包括汉语和其他三种语言。分析句子可知，establish在宾语从句中作谓语，与主语（a） new degree之间是被动关系，结合句中"I learned that only a year before， ..."可知，动作发生在"过去的过去"，应使用过去完成时态。此处应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been established。
（3）考查不可数名词。句意：这四年是一段充满希望和失望的旅程。分析句子可知，此处与hope是并列关系，应用名词disappointment，作宾语，不可数名词。故填disappointment。
（4）考查现在分词。句意：大三时我曾数次想要放弃，因为经过两年的刻苦学习，我仍无法用中文进行简单的对话。分析句子可知，此处在句中作状语，see与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词表示主动。故填seeing。
（5）考查过去分词。句意：考虑到投入的时间，我决定完成我的学位。分析句子可知，此处在句中作定语修饰名词time，与逻辑主语time之间是被动关系，表示"被投入的时间"，应用过去分词形式。故填invested。
（6）考查副词。句意：在我的学习期间，真正帮助我开始说汉语的是汉语桥比赛，我以零天赋和极大的热情参加了这个比赛。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词helped，应用副词really作状语，意为"真正地"。故填really。
（7）考查介词。句意：在我的学习期间，真正帮助我开始说汉语的是汉语桥比赛，我以零天赋和极大的热情参加了这个比赛。分析句子可知，"which I participated with zero talent and great enthusiasm"是定语从句修饰先行词contest，关系代词which将先行词代入定语从句中作动词短语participated in的宾语，句中需要加上介词in并置于关系代词前。故填in。
（8）考查动词时态。句意：为比赛所做的准备使我受益匪浅，并加强了我提高的愿望。分析句子可知，此处与动词benefited并列作谓语，应填动词，且用一般过去时态。故填strengthened。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：所以2015年8月我来到南京大学，在那里我生活和学习了9个月。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Nanjing University，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示"在南京大学"，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
（10）考查不定式。句意：一年后，我前往云南师范大学攻读另一个对外汉语教学硕士学位。根据句意，"（pursue） another Master's Degree"是"I headed to Yunnan Normal University"的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to pursue。
本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己学习中文的经历。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】How much water should you drink each day？Studies have produced varying advices over the years.But your individual water needs depend ∧ many factors. Know more about your body's needs will help me estimate how much water to drink each day.Normal kidneys can release nearly a quart of fluid every hour.If you drink less than that，you'll keep the extra water in your body， that can be poisonous to your health.For the most people，drinking more than needed water is neither necessary or medically helpful.Normal day water intake is up to the level of physical activity and climate.It was recommended that men should not drink over 3.7 liters and 2.7 liters for women.
详解：
（1）考查不可数名词。句意：多年来，研究得出了不同的建议。advice不可数名词。故advices改为 advice。
（2）考查介词。句意：但是你个人的水需求取决于很多因素。depend on"取决于"为固定短语。故depend后加on。
（3）考查动名词。句意：了解你身体的需求可以帮助你估计每天需要喝多少水。分析句子可知，此处应用动名词作主语。故Know改为Knowing。
（4）考查代词。句意：了解你身体的需求可以帮助你估计每天需要喝多少水。根据"your body's needs"可知，了解你身体的需求可以帮助你估计每天需要喝多少水。help后接me作宾语。故me改为you。
（5）考查不定代词。句意：如果你喝的水超过这个量，你就会把多余的水留在体内，这对你的健康是有害的。根据"you'll keep the extra water in your body"可知，如果你喝的水超过这个量，你就会把多余的水留在体内。故less改为more。
（6）考查关系代词。句意：如果你喝的水超过这个量，你就会把多余的水留在体内，这对你的健康是有害的。which指代前面的句子，在非限制性定语从句作主语，故that改为which。
（7）考查冠词。句意：对大多数人来说，喝太多的水既没有必要，也没有医疗帮助。"for most people"对于大多数人。故删除the。
（8）考查固定搭配。句意：对大多数人来说，喝太多的水既没有必要，也没有医疗帮助。neither…nor"既不…也不"为固定搭配。故or改为nor。
（9）考查形容词。句意：平常一天的饮水量取决于身体活动和气候的水平。water intake是名词短语，应用形容词daily修饰。故day改为daily。
（10）考查时态。句意：建议男性饮酒量不要超过3.7升，女性不要超过2.7升。本句在陈述事实，所以为一般现在时的被动语态。故was改为is。
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了个人的饮水需求取决于很多因素以及男性和女性一天的饮水量。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】The Wait for the Hare
Once upon a time，there was a Song man who had a fertile field.Every day，he worked hard and got a good harvest.
One day，he was working in the field when a rabbit hit and died by a tree stump.【高分句型一】He ran over，picked up the rabbit and went home happily.After enjoying the delicious rabbit meat，he thought proudly： "If I could pick up such a rabbit every day，I wouldn't have to work so hard. " So，from the next day on，he put down his hoe and sat in front of the stump，waiting for another rabbit to be killed.His field was gradually covered with weeds and the crops were dead，but no rabbits were killed again. （介绍图中的成语故事）
The inspiration of this story is that we should take the initiative to do everything and not have illusions. 【高分句型二】Any attempt to get something for nothing will result in nothing. （故事的启示）
【解析】高分句型一：One day，he was working in the field when a rabbit hit and died by a tree stump.
翻译：有一天，他正在地里干活，一只兔子撞到树桩上死了。
分析：本句运用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：The inspiration of this story is that we should take the initiative to do everything and not have illusions.
翻译：这个故事的启示是，我们应该主动去做每一件事，不要抱有幻想。
分析：本句运用了that引导的表语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
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