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2023年河南省洛阳市涧西区九年级一模英语试题（含答案）
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这是一份2023年河南省洛阳市涧西区九年级一模英语试题（含答案），共20页。
绝密★启用前
2023年河南省洛阳市涧西区中考英语一模试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
A
阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。
Welcome to the Chinese Traditional Artwork（工艺品）Website
①
Name：palace lantern
Color：red，blue，yellow and black
Price：￥180（￥300 for two during the Spring Festival）
Delivery（递送）time：You can get your goods within 7 days.
If you spend more than 500 yuan on the lanterns，we will give you a sky lantern as a gift.
②
Name：silk umbrella
Color：pink.red.green，yellow and purple
Price：￥60
Delivery time：You can get your goods within 9 days.
Our umbrellas are made of good silk.They are really wonderful gifts for women or girls.
③
Name：clay pot
Color：purple，green and black
Price：￥240
Delivery time：You can get your goods within 3 days.
Our clay pots are cheap and good.They are the best gifts for you to send to your friends or relatives.
④
Name：Chinese knot
Color：red and yellow
Price：¥160
Delivery time：You can get your goods within 5 days.
The beauty of our new products may give you a big surprise.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. How much do we need to pay if we want to buy two palace lanterns during the Spring Festival？ ______
A. 180 yuan. B. 300 yuan. C. 360 yuan. D. 480 yuan.
2. What can we buy from the Chinese Traditional Artwork Website？ ______
A. A purple lantern. B. A black umbrella.
C. A blue pot. D. A yellow Chinese knot.
3. If Mrs.Miller buys the four artworks on the same day，what's the right order of their delivery time？ ______
A. ①②③④. B. ③④①②. C. ③④②①. D. ②①③④.
4. Which of the following is TRUE？ ______
A. The umbrellas are made of paper and bamboo.
B. Clay pots are really good gifts for women or girls.
C. You'll be surprised to see the beauty of new Chinese knots.
D. If you buy the palace lanterns，you will get a sky lantern as a gift.
5. Why does the writer write this passage？ ______
A. To introduce the website. B. To sell Chinese artworks.
C. To spread Chinese culture. D. To welcome foreign visitors.
B
One morning it took me an hour to watch a small ant carry a huge feather（羽毛）across my back hall.Several times it met objects on its way and after a short time it would go around them.
At one point the ant had to deal with a crack（裂缝）about 10 mm wide.After a short time of thought，the ant put the feather over the crack，crossed it and picked it up on the other side，then continued on its way.
I was attracted（吸引）by the cleverness of this ant，one of God's smallest creatures（生物、动物）.It was an example of the wonder of creation.Here was an insect，tiny，yet given a brain to think，discover and beat difficulties.But this ant，just like people，also shares human weaknesses.
After some time the ant finally reached its home—a flower bed at the end of the hall and a small hole that was the entrance to its underground home.And it was here that the ant finally faced the problem.How could that large feather be possibly pulled into the small hole？
Of course it couldn't.So the ant，after all this trouble and using much creativity，beating difficulties all along the way，just left the feather behind and went home.
The ant had not thought the problem through before it began its brave journey and in the end the feather was nothing more than a heavy weight.Isn't our life like that？
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
6. What was the ant doing when the writer found it？ ______
A. It was going across a crack in the kitchen.
B. It was watching a huge feather in the back hall.
C. It was looking for something to eat in the kitchen.
D. It was carrying a huge feather across the back hall.
7. How did the ant cross the crack？ ______
A. It flew over the crack.
B. It jumped over the crack.
C. It crossed the crack on the feather.
D. It crossed the crack with the writer's help.
8. What can we know from the passage？ ______
A. The ant got the feather from a flower bed.
B. The writer showed a great interest in the ant.
C. The ant met objects several times and climbed over them.
D. The ant thought carefully and got into its home with the feather.
9. What's the writer's opinion about the ant？ ______
A. It is stupid and can do nothing.
B. It is brave and can beat any difficulty.
C. It is clever and has a brain to think about everything.
D. It is clever，brave and creative，but has its own weaknesses.
10. What's the best title for the passage？ ______
A. There is no place like home. B. Look before you leap（跳跃）.
C. Failure is the mother of success. D. Action speaks louder than words.
C
①Sometimes，when you worry that you may fail an exam，you end up failing.Or during a seating arrangement（安排）in your class，when you are afraid to sit next to someone you don't like，you end up sharing the desk with him or him.
② This is what Murphy's Law tells us：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.But is it true？
③ Of the studies about Murphy's Law，the most famous one is the buttered toast（奶油烤面包片） phenomenon：One toast with butter falls，it lands butter-side down most of the time.
④ To prove（证明）this，Robert Matthews did a lot of experiments（实验）with more than 1，000 British school kids in 2001.In the first experiment，each student put a piece of buttered toast on a plate，let it fall off 20 times and noted which side it landed on.Of almost 10，000 experiments，toast landed butter-side down 62 percent of the time.
⑤ But you may ask：Is it the butter that plays a role？Here comes Matthews' second experiment.This time，instead of butter，the toast had a letter"B"written on one side.It still landed 58 percent of the time on the B-side.This proved that Murphy's Law is true：If the toast can land butter-side down，it will do so.
⑥ Matthews did another experiment.When students threw the toast from a height of 2.5 meters，the toast landed butter-side down only 47 percent of the time."Toast lands butter-side down because humans aren't tall enough to let it land any other way，"Matthews said.
⑦ According to Murphy's Law，there's always something that you don't expect to happen.So stop telling yourself you will fail and be active，because the opportunities（机会）are only for those who are prepared.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
11. Which situation below best describes Murphy's Law？ ______
A. In a class，if you don't want to be questioned，you may end up failing answering the questions.
B. In a speech competition，you are prepared and perform well；in the end，you win the first prize.
C. The weather report says it will rain for a whole week，so you plan to take an umbrella every day.
D. You are afraid to be found playing games during the classes，and you will probably be caught.
12. How does Robert Matthews prove Murphy's Law？ ______
A. By giving examples. B. By listing numbers.
C. By asking questions. D. By doing experiments.
13. What does the underlined word "phenomenon" mean in Chinese？ ______
A. 事迹. B. 现象. C. 结果. D. 哲学.
14. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？ ______
A. In the first experiment，the toast landed butter-side down about 620 times.
B. In the first two experiments，either the butter or the letter"B"plays a role.
C. If the toast can land butter-side down most of the time，Murphy's Law is true.
D. The passage is mainly talking about Murphy's Law：You will fail the exam no matter what you do.
15. What's the structure of the passage？ ______
A. A B. B C. C D. D
16. Wildlife workers in California wanted to find Hank.He is a black bear.He is huge!Hank lives near Lake Tahoe.（1） ______ At times，workers have to kill problem animals.Hank was lucky，though.Scientists collected bear DNA from some of the homes. （2） ______ The scientists studied the DNA from the homes.It came on at least three different bears.This fact saved Hank's life.
（ 3） ______ They will put tags（标签） on bears' ears.Then，they will set the bears easy far from where people live.The tags will let workers see when the bears go.Workers also plan to scare the bears.They want to teach the bears to stay away from trees.
Wildlife workers say the bears broke into homes to look for food.Problems can start when bears find fire in or near a home where people live. （4） ______ They start to feel calm（镇静） around people.This is lucky for bears and humans.
（ 5） ______ Problems across people and wildlife will continue，though.People who live around bears will need to take steps to stay safe.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
A.DNA kept Hank out of trouble for now.
B.The bears may come back again and again.
C.Workers want to study the black bears near Lake Tahoe.
D.Scientists can use it to pick one living thing from another.
E.People who live there thought he broke into more than twenty-four homes.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Cathy's big brother Avi was planting flowers in the garden.He dug.He planted.He（1） ______ .
Cathy sat on a rock（2） ______ Avi was working.She was drinking her orange juice."Do flowers get（3） ______ ？ " she asked.Avi（4） ______ and explained."Of course.That's why we water them every day." Cathy ate some of her blueberry（5） ______ ." Do flowers get hungry？" she asked.Avi stopped to（6） ______ ."Em，yes，sort of." Cathy asked what flowers ate and whether they would like some of her cake.She（7） ______ her half-eaten cake.Avi smiled." They do not eat food like we do，" he said.Cathy wondered（8） ______ ， after all，cakes are her favorite.Avi continued，"Don't be silly.Plants make their own food.They need water and sunlight，and of course，（9） ______ ."
But Cathy had another question，"How do they eat...sunshine？They don't have（10） ______ like us!" Avi pulled another plant out of a pot.He said plants "have" sunlight and air through their（11） ______ and they "drink" water through their roots（根）.
"Cool，" said Cathy（12） ______ .Avi added，"Plants put the water，air and sunshine together to make food.It's a process called photosynthesis（光合作用）.It is the foundation（基础）of life on Earth.（13） ______ it，we can 't live.There is an（14） ______ fact：flowers first appeared on earth over 130 million years ago.And humans only appeared two million years ago!"
"Wow!So flowers are（15） ______ than humans!I guess we should be nice to them." Cathy decided to water the flowers from then on.
17. A. ate B. drank C. played D. watered
18. A. while B. until C. since D. unless
19. A. cold B. angry C. hungry D. thirsty
20. A. sent up B. took up C. looked up D. showed up
21. A. cake B. milk C. juice D. ice-cream
22. A. ask B. think C. plant D. work
23. A. held B. bought C. sold D. cooked
24. A. who B. why C. what D. when
25. A. air B. moon C. wind D. rain
26. A. ears B. eyes C. arms D. mouths
27. A. fruit B. grass C. flowers D. leaves
28. A. sadly B. suddenly C. excitedly D. nervously
29. A. From B. During C. Through D. Without
30. A. clear B. easy C. usual D. interesting
31. A. bigger B. older C. shorter D. friendlier
32.
only late time so interest order to flower it depend
After work，you go back home，open an app，place your order，and wait for your food to be delivered（传送） to your home.According to the（1） ______ report from the China Internet Network Information Center，421 million Chinese people use online food delivery services.
Which group of people is（2） ______ food online the most？For sure，it is mainly young people.A recent report by Meituan，a food delivery service，showed that 86.3% of（3） ______ users are between 20 and 34 years old.
Small families（4） ______ largely on food delivery services.Chinese families have changed in size over the past ten years.In 2002，only 7.7% of families have（5） ______ one person.But this number increased 3% （6） ______ 15.6% in 2017.Two-person families rose from 18.4% in 2002 to 27.2% in 2017.For small families，cooking always takes a lot of time and energy，（7） ______ ordering food online has become more popular.
The improvement of China's food delivery services has also made more customers（8） ______ .According to Meituan's report，the average（平均的）（9） ______ it takes to make a food delivery dropped from 38 minutes in 2016 to 29 minutes in 2020.Many delivery apps are also offering more services，delivering products such as fruit，vegetables，medicine and even（10） ______ .As their services continue to improve，it's certain that the food delivery industry will keep growing in the future.
33. Just as a famous saying goes，"Reading is to success what water is to fish." Reading（1） ______ very important for all humans.Then，how can you develop an interest in reading？（2） ______ is only one way.Let me explain this to you.If you want to learn how to ride a bike，you have to get on the bike more often until you can ride skillfully.（3） ______ works the same way with reading.If you want to improve your reading，try to read as much as you（4） ______ .When you finish reading your first book，take another book.If you are going out，take a magazine，a book，（5） ______ article or something else to read.When you are reading，try to understand what message the writer is giving to you.Good books are like good friends.Enjoy reading every day!
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
34. A：Hi.Michael.Long time no see.（1） ______ ？
B：Pretty good，but a bit busy.I'm taking some training classes these days.
A：Training classes？Your holiday has begun.（2） ______ ？
B：Because you know，the 2023 Asian Games will be held in Hangzhou.（3） ______ .I've signed up to be one of them.
A：You've been a volunteer.No wonder you are so busy.Then what requests must you meet？
B：Well，we must meet many kinds of requests.For example.（4） ______ .And we must be able to speak a foreign language.
A：You're good at English，so it's easy for you.
B：But to work better for the Asian Games，I want to learn more skills.
A：Sounds great!（5） ______ !
B：Thanks.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
35. 世界上没有两片完全相同的叶子、每个人都有自己的优点、重要的是要学会发现自己的闪光点.认可自己.赏识自己。请以I Love Who I Am为题，每一篇英语作文，从精神面貌、待人接物、价值观等方面谈谈你的想法
要求：
（1）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
（2）词数100左右。
I Love Who I Am_______
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】B、D、B、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据表格二Price：￥180（￥300 for two during the Spring Festival）（价格：180元：春节期间两个人300元）可知如果我们想在春节期间买两个宫灯需要300元。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格五Name：Chinese knot；Color：red and yellow（名称：中国结；颜色：红色和黄色）可知可以买到黄色的中国结。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格二Delivery（递送）time：You can get your goods within 7 days.（交货时间：您可以在7天内收到货物。）表格三Delivery time：You can get your goods within 9 days.（交货时间：你可以在9天内收到货物。）表格四Delivery time：You can get your goods within 3 days.（交货时间：您可以在3天内收到货物。）表格五Delivery time：You can get your goods within 5 days.（交货时间：您可以在5天内收到您的货物。）可知结合选项，③④①②符合。故选B。
（4）细节判断题。根据表格五The beauty of our new products may give you a big surprise.（我们新产品的美丽可能会给你一个很大的惊喜。）可知你会惊讶地发现新中国结的美丽。故选C。
（5）写作目的题。根据表格一Welcome to the Chinese Traditional Artwork（工艺品）Website（欢迎光临中国传统美术网站）及其对四个艺术品的介绍，可知为了出售中国艺术品。故选B。
短文介绍了宫灯、丝绸伞、锅和中国结的一些信息。
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
6~10.【答案】D、C、B、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段One morning it took me an hour to watch a small ant carry a huge feather（羽毛）across my back hall.（一天早上，我花了一个小时看着一只小蚂蚁背着一根巨大的羽毛穿过我的后厅。）可知作者发现蚂蚁时，它叼着一根巨大的羽毛穿过后大厅。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段After a short time of thought，the ant put the feather over the crack，crossed it and picked it up on the other side，then continued on its way.（思考了一会儿，蚂蚁把羽毛放在裂缝上，穿过裂缝，在另一边捡起来，然后继续前进。）可知蚂蚁通过羽毛穿过了裂缝。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段I was attracted（吸引）by the cleverness of this ant，one of God's smallest creatures（生物、动物）.（我被这只蚂蚁的聪明所吸引，它是上帝创造的最小的生物之一。）可知作者对蚂蚁表现出极大的兴趣。故选B。
（4）细节推理题。根据第三段I was attracted（吸引）by the cleverness of this ant，one of God's smallest creatures（生物、动物）.（我被这只蚂蚁的聪明所吸引，它是上帝创造的最小的生物之一。）以及第五段So the ant，after all this trouble and using much creativity，beating difficulties all along the way，just left the feather behind and went home.（所以蚂蚁，在经历了这么多的困难之后，发挥了很大的创造力，一路上克服了很多困难，只是把羽毛留在了身后，然后回家了。）可推断出作者认为蚂蚁聪明、勇敢、有创造力，但也有自己的弱点。故选D。
（5）最佳标题题。通读全文，根据最后一段The ant had not thought the problem through before it began its brave journey and in the end the feather was nothing more than a heavy weight.（蚂蚁并没有想清楚这个问题，就开始了它勇敢的旅程，最后羽毛只是一个沉重的负担。）可知文章主要讲述了一只蚂蚁想把一只羽毛运回蚂蚁洞，虽然一路上克服了许多困难，但是蚂蚁遇到了最后的问题，羽毛太大，蚂蚁洞太小，蚂蚁不得不放弃了。虽然蚂蚁聪明、有创造力、勇于面对困难，但不够深思熟虑。故最佳标题应为：三思而后行。故选B。
文章主要讲述了一只蚂蚁想把一只羽毛运回蚂蚁洞，虽然一路上克服了许多困难，但是蚂蚁遇到了最后的问题，羽毛太大，蚂蚁洞太小，蚂蚁不得不放弃了。虽然蚂蚁聪明、有创造力、勇于面对困难，但不够深思熟虑。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
11~15.【答案】D、D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段This is what Murphy's Law tells us：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.（这就是墨菲定律告诉我们的：如果事情可能出错，那就一定会出错。）可知D"你害怕被发现在课堂上玩游戏，你很可能会被抓住"最能描述墨菲定律。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段To prove（证明）this，Robert Matthews did a lot of experiments（实验）with more than 1，000 British school kids in 2001.（为了证明这一点，罗伯特•马修斯在2001年对1000多名英国学生做了大量实验。）可知罗伯特•马修斯.通过做实验证明墨菲定律。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段Of the studies about Murphy's Law，the most famous one is the buttered toast（奶油烤面包片） phenomenon：One toast with butter falls，it lands butter-side down most of the time.（在有关墨菲定律的研究中，最著名的一个是黄油吐司---：一个黄油吐司掉下来，大多数时候黄油面朝下。）联系后句可猜测出下划线单词phenomenon的意思应为：现象。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第五段This time，instead of butter，the toast had a letter"B"written on one side.It still landed 58 percent of the time on the B-side.This proved that Murphy's Law is true：If the toast can land butter-side down，it will do so.（这一次，面包片的一面写着字母" B"，而不是黄油，但仍有58% 的面包片落在了 B 面。这证明了墨菲定律的正确性：如果吐司的黄油面朝下，它就会朝下。）可知如果吐司大多数时候都是有黄油的一面朝下，那么墨菲定律是正确的。故选C。
（5）篇章结构题。根据一、二段介绍了什么是墨菲定律；第三段介绍著名的黄油吐司现象，第四、五、六段具体介绍罗伯特•马修斯的实验，第七段总结墨菲定律给我们的启示。故文章的结构应为总→分→总结构，A选项符合题意，故选A。
短文讲了墨菲定律，通过实验告诉我们墨菲定律对人们的影响。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】D
【小题3】C
【小题4】B
【小题5】A
【解析】推理判断题。
（1）根据下文At times，workers have to kill problem animals.（有时，工人们不得不杀死问题动物！）可推断出空处应填：住在那里的人认为他闯入了超过24户人家。故选E。
（2）根据上文Hank was lucky，though.Scientists collected bear DNA from some of the homes. （不过，汉克很幸运。科学家们从一些家庭收集了熊的 DNA。）可推断出空处应填：科学家可以用它来区分不同的生物。故选D。
（3）根据下文They will put tags（标签） on bears' ears.（他们会在熊的耳朵上贴上标签。）可推断出空处应填：工人们想要研究太浩湖附近的黑熊。故选C。
（4）根据上文Wildlife workers say the bears broke into homes to look for food.Problems can start when bears find fire in or near a home where people live. （当熊在人们居住的房子里或附近发现火灾时，问题就开始了。）可推断出空处应填：熊可能会一次又一次地回来。故选B。
（5）根据下文Problems across people and wildlife will continue，though.（然而，人类和野生动物之间的问题将继续存在。）可推断出空处应填：DNA让汉克暂时摆脱了麻烦。故选A。
文章主要讲述了人类和野生动物之间的问题。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
17~31.【答案】D、A、D、C、A、B、A、B、A、D、D、C、D、D、B
【解析】（1）动词辨析。句意：他浇水。A.吃，B.喝，C.玩，D.浇水，结合上文He dug.He planted.（他挖。他种植。）可知接下来他浇水。故选D。
（2）连词辨析。句意：艾维工作时，凯西坐在一块石头上。A.当……时候，B.直到，C.自从，D.除非，根据Avi was working（艾维工作时），可知用while引导时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时。故选A。
（3）形容词辨析。句意："花会渴吗？"她问。A.寒冷的，B.生气的，C.饥饿的，D.口渴的，根据That's why we water them every day.（那就是为什么我每天给它们浇水。）可知凯西询问花会渴吗。故选D。
（4）动词短语辨析。句意：艾维抬头解释。当然可以。这就是我们每天给它们浇水的原因。"A.发射，B.占据，C.抬头，D.出现，根据Avi was working.（艾维工作时，）可知此刻他抬头解释。故选C。
（5）名词辨析。句意：凯西吃了一些蓝莓蛋糕。A.蛋糕，B.牛奶，C.果汁，D.冰淇淋，根据her half-eaten cake.（她吃了一半的蛋糕。）可知她吃了一些蓝莓蛋糕。故选A。
（6）动词辨析。句意：艾维停下来想了想："嗯，是的，有点。"A.询问，B.想，C.种植，D.工作，根据"Em，yes，sort of."（"嗯，是的，有点。"）可知停下想了想。故选B。
（7）动词辨析。句意：她拿吃了一半的蛋糕。A.拿，B.买，C.卖，D.烹饪，结合上文Cathy asked what flowers ate and whether they would like some of her cake.（凯西问花儿吃什么，它们是否想要一些她的蛋糕。）可知凯西拿着吃了一半的蛋糕。故选A。
（8）副词辨析。句意：凯西想知道为什么，毕竟，蛋糕是她的最爱。A.谁，B.为什么，C.什么，D.什么时候，结合上文"They do not eat food like we do，" he said.（他说"它们不像我们那样吃东西。"）可知凯西想知道为什么。故选B。
（9）名词辨析。句意：它们需要水和阳光，当然，还有空气。A.空气，B.月亮，C.风，D.雨，根据plants "have" sunlight and air（植物"吃"阳光和空气。）可知它们需要水和阳光，当然，还有空气。故选A。
（10）名词辨析。句意：它们没有我们这样的嘴巴!A.耳朵，B.眼睛，C.胳膊，D.嘴，结合上文How do they eat...sunshine？（它们怎么吃……阳光？）可知它们没有嘴巴。故选D。
（11）名词辨析。句意：艾维从花盆中取出另一株植物，他说植物的叶子"吃"阳光和空气，根部"吃"水分。A.水果，B.草，C.花，D.叶子，结合句意，可知植物的叶子"吃"阳光和空气。故选D。
（12）副词辨析。句意："酷，"凯西兴奋地说。A.悲伤地，B.忽然，C.兴奋地，D.紧张地，根据Cool，（酷）可知她兴奋地说。故选C。
（13）介词辨析。句意：没有它，我们就无法生存。A.从，B.在……期间，C.通过，D.没有，结合上文It is the foundation of life on Earth.（它是地球上生命的基础，）可知没有它，我们就无法生存。故选D。
（14）形容词辨析。句意：有一个有趣的事实：花最早出现在地球上是在1.3亿年前。A.清楚的，B.容易的，C.平常的，D.有趣的，根据flowers first appeared on earth over 130 million years ago.（花最早出现在地球上是在1.3亿年前。）可知这是一个有趣的事实，an用于元音音素前，interesting是元音音素开头的单词。故选D。
（15）形容词比较级辨析。句意：所以花比人类更古老!A.更大的，B.更古老的，C.更短的，D.更友好的，结合上文flowers first appeared on earth over 130 million years ago.And humans only appeared two million years ago!"（花最早出现在地球上是在1.3亿年前。人类在两百万年前才出现!）可知花比人类古老。故选B。
本文主要讲了凯西的哥哥在种花，凯西问了他很多有关植物的一些知识。
通读全文，理解文章大意，掌握选项的含义，紧密结合上下文和句意判断空格处词义，选择正确的选项，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
32.【答案】latest
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：根据中国互联网络信息中心的最新报告，4.21亿中国人使用在线送餐服务。根据report from the China Internet Network Information Center（来自中国互联网络信息中心的报告）可知是最新的报告。latest最新的。故填：latest。
（2）考查动词。句意：哪一类人在网上订餐最多？根据food online（网上食物）可知是指在网上订餐。前面有is，可知是现在进行时is+doing。可知故填：ordering。
（3）考查物主代词。句意：外卖服务公司美团最近的一份报告显示，86.3%的用户年龄在20到34岁之间。根据showed that 86.3% of...users（展示了……86.3%的用户）可知是指美团的用户，用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词users。可知故填：its。
（4）考查动词。句意：小家庭在很大程度上依赖于食品配送服务。根据句意，结合介词on，可知是depend on依靠，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，接动词原形。故填：depend。
（5）考查副词。句意：2002年，只有7.7%的家庭只有一个人。根据one person（一人）可知是指只有一人。故填：only。
（6）考查介词。句意：但这一数字在2017年增长了3%至15.6%。根据句意，可知此处是指增长3%至15.6%，用介词to。故填：to。
（7）考查连词。句意：对于小家庭来说，做饭总是要花费很多时间和精力，因此网上订餐变得越来越流行。根据For small families，cooking always takes a lot of time and energy（对于小家庭来说，做饭总是要花费很多时间和精力）以及ordering food online has become more popular（网上订餐变得越来越流行）可知前后是因果关系，用so引导。故填：so。
（8）考查形容词。句意：中国外卖服务的改善也引起了更多顾客的兴趣。根据The improvement of China's food delivery services has also made more customers...（中国外卖服务的改善也让更多顾客……）可知此处是指让更多顾客感兴趣，此处是ed形容词修饰人。故填：interested。
（9）考查名词。句意：根据美团的报告，送餐的平均时间从2016年的38分钟降至2020年的29分钟。根据dropped from 38 minutes in 2016 to 29 minutes in 2020（从2016年的38分钟下降到2020年的29分钟）可知是指送餐时间，time是不可数名词。故填：time。
（10）考查名词。句意：许多快递应用程序也提供了更多的服务，运送水果、蔬菜、药品甚至鲜花等产品。根据such as fruit，vegetables，medicine（如水果、蔬菜、药品）可知此处是名词flower花，是复数形式表示一类事物。故填：flowers。
本文主要介绍了中国的食品配送行业的相关情况。
选择词语时，在理解文章大意的前提下，应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置。通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求。
33.【答案】【小题1】is
【小题2】There
【小题3】It/That
【小题4】can
【小题5】an
【解析】（1）考查be动词。句意：阅读对所有人来说都非常重要。be important for对......是重要的，主语Reading（阅读）是单数，时态为一般现在时，be动词用is。故填is。
（2）考查副词。句意：只有一个方法。there be表示"某地有某物"，是固定句型，位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填There。
（3）考查代词。句意：阅读也是如此。根据前句If you want to learn how to ride a bike，you have to get on the bike more often until you can ride skillfully.（如果你想学会骑自行车，你必须更经常地骑自行车，直到你能熟练地骑。）可知，阅读也是这样。it/that指代的是"骑自行车熟能生巧的道理"，位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填It/That。
（4）考查情态动词。句意：如果你想提高你的阅读能力，试着尽可能多地阅读。根据前文"阅读和骑自行车一样需要多练"可知，如果你想提高你的阅读能力，就要尽可能多地阅读。as much as you can尽你所能，尽量。故填can。
（5）考查冠词。句意：如果你要出去，带本杂志、一本书、一篇文章或其他东西去读。article（文章）是一个元音音素开头的单数名词，表示"一篇文章"，用冠词an。故填an。
本文主要介绍了如何培养阅读兴趣。
题目考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对语篇的理解能力。做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词意及词性，然后考虑是否要对单词进行变形，从而得出正确答案。
34.【答案】【小题1】How is it going
【小题2】Why are you taking them
【小题3】It will need lots of volunteers
【小题4】We must learn a lot of foreign cultures
【小题5】Good luck to you
【解析】（1）根据答语Pretty good（很好）可知，此处询问对方的近况。故填How is it going。
（2）根据答语Because you know，the 2023 Asian Games will be held in Hangzhou.（你知道，因为2023年亚运会将在杭州举办。）可知，此处询问对方为什么参加培训班。故填Why are you taking them。
（3）根据上句Because you know，the 2023 Asian Games will be held in Hangzhou.（你知道，因为2023年亚运会将在杭州举办。）和下句I've signed up to be one of them.（我已经签约成为其中一员。）可知，此处应该是亚运会需要很多志愿者，所以Michael也签约成为其中一员。故填It will need lots of volunteers。
（4）根据问句Then what requests must you meet？（那么你们必须要达到什么要求？）下句And we must be able to speak a foreign language.（我们必须能够说一门外语。）可知，此处Michael表达的是作为一名志愿者在亚运会上要达到的要求。故填We must learn a lot of foreign cultures。
（5）根据答语Thanks.（谢谢。）可知，此处表示对Michael的祝福或者鼓励。故填Good luck to you。
这是一篇Michael和朋友谈论自己上培训班的对话，对话中Michael因为成为一名亚运会志愿者而参加培训班，并表示为了更好地服务于亚运会，他将学习更多的技能。
根据问题选择合适的答语，注意汉语意思以及一些常用问题的回答术语。
35.【答案】I Love Who I Am There are no identical leaves in the world.Everyone is unique and special.I think I have a lot of advantages，that's why I love myself.
Firstly，I think I am active.I like to have a healthy lifestyle and I do my best to study hard.（精神面貌）Secondly.I love making friends.I believe sharing happiness and sorrow can open up my heart.What's more，I can spend a lot of happy time with my friends and we can leave many unforgettable memories.（待人接物）Besides，I engage myself to be an honest man.I think if I'm honest to others，I'll win everyone else's trust and respect.【高分句型一】（价值观）
I love what I am.And I believe I will try my best to be a better person.【高分句型二】
【解析】【高分句型一】
I think if I'm honest to others，I'll win everyone else's trust and respect.我想如果我对别人诚实，我会赢得别人的信任和尊重。if引导的条件状语从句。
【高分句型二】
And I believe I will try my best to be a better person.我相信我会尽力做一个更好的人。And I believe+宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
绝密★启用前
2023年河南省洛阳市涧西区中考英语一模试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
A
阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。
Welcome to the Chinese Traditional Artwork（工艺品）Website
①
Name：palace lantern
Color：red，blue，yellow and black
Price：￥180（￥300 for two during the Spring Festival）
Delivery（递送）time：You can get your goods within 7 days.
If you spend more than 500 yuan on the lanterns，we will give you a sky lantern as a gift.
②
Name：silk umbrella
Color：pink.red.green，yellow and purple
Price：￥60
Delivery time：You can get your goods within 9 days.
Our umbrellas are made of good silk.They are really wonderful gifts for women or girls.
③
Name：clay pot
Color：purple，green and black
Price：￥240
Delivery time：You can get your goods within 3 days.
Our clay pots are cheap and good.They are the best gifts for you to send to your friends or relatives.
④
Name：Chinese knot
Color：red and yellow
Price：¥160
Delivery time：You can get your goods within 5 days.
The beauty of our new products may give you a big surprise.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. How much do we need to pay if we want to buy two palace lanterns during the Spring Festival？ ______
A. 180 yuan. B. 300 yuan. C. 360 yuan. D. 480 yuan.
2. What can we buy from the Chinese Traditional Artwork Website？ ______
A. A purple lantern. B. A black umbrella.
C. A blue pot. D. A yellow Chinese knot.
3. If Mrs.Miller buys the four artworks on the same day，what's the right order of their delivery time？ ______
A. ①②③④. B. ③④①②. C. ③④②①. D. ②①③④.
4. Which of the following is TRUE？ ______
A. The umbrellas are made of paper and bamboo.
B. Clay pots are really good gifts for women or girls.
C. You'll be surprised to see the beauty of new Chinese knots.
D. If you buy the palace lanterns，you will get a sky lantern as a gift.
5. Why does the writer write this passage？ ______
A. To introduce the website. B. To sell Chinese artworks.
C. To spread Chinese culture. D. To welcome foreign visitors.
B
One morning it took me an hour to watch a small ant carry a huge feather（羽毛）across my back hall.Several times it met objects on its way and after a short time it would go around them.
At one point the ant had to deal with a crack（裂缝）about 10 mm wide.After a short time of thought，the ant put the feather over the crack，crossed it and picked it up on the other side，then continued on its way.
I was attracted（吸引）by the cleverness of this ant，one of God's smallest creatures（生物、动物）.It was an example of the wonder of creation.Here was an insect，tiny，yet given a brain to think，discover and beat difficulties.But this ant，just like people，also shares human weaknesses.
After some time the ant finally reached its home—a flower bed at the end of the hall and a small hole that was the entrance to its underground home.And it was here that the ant finally faced the problem.How could that large feather be possibly pulled into the small hole？
Of course it couldn't.So the ant，after all this trouble and using much creativity，beating difficulties all along the way，just left the feather behind and went home.
The ant had not thought the problem through before it began its brave journey and in the end the feather was nothing more than a heavy weight.Isn't our life like that？
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
6. What was the ant doing when the writer found it？ ______
A. It was going across a crack in the kitchen.
B. It was watching a huge feather in the back hall.
C. It was looking for something to eat in the kitchen.
D. It was carrying a huge feather across the back hall.
7. How did the ant cross the crack？ ______
A. It flew over the crack.
B. It jumped over the crack.
C. It crossed the crack on the feather.
D. It crossed the crack with the writer's help.
8. What can we know from the passage？ ______
A. The ant got the feather from a flower bed.
B. The writer showed a great interest in the ant.
C. The ant met objects several times and climbed over them.
D. The ant thought carefully and got into its home with the feather.
9. What's the writer's opinion about the ant？ ______
A. It is stupid and can do nothing.
B. It is brave and can beat any difficulty.
C. It is clever and has a brain to think about everything.
D. It is clever，brave and creative，but has its own weaknesses.
10. What's the best title for the passage？ ______
A. There is no place like home. B. Look before you leap（跳跃）.
C. Failure is the mother of success. D. Action speaks louder than words.
C
①Sometimes，when you worry that you may fail an exam，you end up failing.Or during a seating arrangement（安排）in your class，when you are afraid to sit next to someone you don't like，you end up sharing the desk with him or him.
② This is what Murphy's Law tells us：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.But is it true？
③ Of the studies about Murphy's Law，the most famous one is the buttered toast（奶油烤面包片） phenomenon：One toast with butter falls，it lands butter-side down most of the time.
④ To prove（证明）this，Robert Matthews did a lot of experiments（实验）with more than 1，000 British school kids in 2001.In the first experiment，each student put a piece of buttered toast on a plate，let it fall off 20 times and noted which side it landed on.Of almost 10，000 experiments，toast landed butter-side down 62 percent of the time.
⑤ But you may ask：Is it the butter that plays a role？Here comes Matthews' second experiment.This time，instead of butter，the toast had a letter"B"written on one side.It still landed 58 percent of the time on the B-side.This proved that Murphy's Law is true：If the toast can land butter-side down，it will do so.
⑥ Matthews did another experiment.When students threw the toast from a height of 2.5 meters，the toast landed butter-side down only 47 percent of the time."Toast lands butter-side down because humans aren't tall enough to let it land any other way，"Matthews said.
⑦ According to Murphy's Law，there's always something that you don't expect to happen.So stop telling yourself you will fail and be active，because the opportunities（机会）are only for those who are prepared.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
11. Which situation below best describes Murphy's Law？ ______
A. In a class，if you don't want to be questioned，you may end up failing answering the questions.
B. In a speech competition，you are prepared and perform well；in the end，you win the first prize.
C. The weather report says it will rain for a whole week，so you plan to take an umbrella every day.
D. You are afraid to be found playing games during the classes，and you will probably be caught.
12. How does Robert Matthews prove Murphy's Law？ ______
A. By giving examples. B. By listing numbers.
C. By asking questions. D. By doing experiments.
13. What does the underlined word "phenomenon" mean in Chinese？ ______
A. 事迹. B. 现象. C. 结果. D. 哲学.
14. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？ ______
A. In the first experiment，the toast landed butter-side down about 620 times.
B. In the first two experiments，either the butter or the letter"B"plays a role.
C. If the toast can land butter-side down most of the time，Murphy's Law is true.
D. The passage is mainly talking about Murphy's Law：You will fail the exam no matter what you do.
15. What's the structure of the passage？ ______
A. A B. B C. C D. D
16. Wildlife workers in California wanted to find Hank.He is a black bear.He is huge!Hank lives near Lake Tahoe.（1） ______ At times，workers have to kill problem animals.Hank was lucky，though.Scientists collected bear DNA from some of the homes. （2） ______ The scientists studied the DNA from the homes.It came on at least three different bears.This fact saved Hank's life.
（ 3） ______ They will put tags（标签） on bears' ears.Then，they will set the bears easy far from where people live.The tags will let workers see when the bears go.Workers also plan to scare the bears.They want to teach the bears to stay away from trees.
Wildlife workers say the bears broke into homes to look for food.Problems can start when bears find fire in or near a home where people live. （4） ______ They start to feel calm（镇静） around people.This is lucky for bears and humans.
（ 5） ______ Problems across people and wildlife will continue，though.People who live around bears will need to take steps to stay safe.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
A.DNA kept Hank out of trouble for now.
B.The bears may come back again and again.
C.Workers want to study the black bears near Lake Tahoe.
D.Scientists can use it to pick one living thing from another.
E.People who live there thought he broke into more than twenty-four homes.
(1)
(2)
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(5)
Cathy's big brother Avi was planting flowers in the garden.He dug.He planted.He（1） ______ .
Cathy sat on a rock（2） ______ Avi was working.She was drinking her orange juice."Do flowers get（3） ______ ？ " she asked.Avi（4） ______ and explained."Of course.That's why we water them every day." Cathy ate some of her blueberry（5） ______ ." Do flowers get hungry？" she asked.Avi stopped to（6） ______ ."Em，yes，sort of." Cathy asked what flowers ate and whether they would like some of her cake.She（7） ______ her half-eaten cake.Avi smiled." They do not eat food like we do，" he said.Cathy wondered（8） ______ ， after all，cakes are her favorite.Avi continued，"Don't be silly.Plants make their own food.They need water and sunlight，and of course，（9） ______ ."
But Cathy had another question，"How do they eat...sunshine？They don't have（10） ______ like us!" Avi pulled another plant out of a pot.He said plants "have" sunlight and air through their（11） ______ and they "drink" water through their roots（根）.
"Cool，" said Cathy（12） ______ .Avi added，"Plants put the water，air and sunshine together to make food.It's a process called photosynthesis（光合作用）.It is the foundation（基础）of life on Earth.（13） ______ it，we can 't live.There is an（14） ______ fact：flowers first appeared on earth over 130 million years ago.And humans only appeared two million years ago!"
"Wow!So flowers are（15） ______ than humans!I guess we should be nice to them." Cathy decided to water the flowers from then on.
17. A. ate B. drank C. played D. watered
18. A. while B. until C. since D. unless
19. A. cold B. angry C. hungry D. thirsty
20. A. sent up B. took up C. looked up D. showed up
21. A. cake B. milk C. juice D. ice-cream
22. A. ask B. think C. plant D. work
23. A. held B. bought C. sold D. cooked
24. A. who B. why C. what D. when
25. A. air B. moon C. wind D. rain
26. A. ears B. eyes C. arms D. mouths
27. A. fruit B. grass C. flowers D. leaves
28. A. sadly B. suddenly C. excitedly D. nervously
29. A. From B. During C. Through D. Without
30. A. clear B. easy C. usual D. interesting
31. A. bigger B. older C. shorter D. friendlier
32.
only late time so interest order to flower it depend
After work，you go back home，open an app，place your order，and wait for your food to be delivered（传送） to your home.According to the（1） ______ report from the China Internet Network Information Center，421 million Chinese people use online food delivery services.
Which group of people is（2） ______ food online the most？For sure，it is mainly young people.A recent report by Meituan，a food delivery service，showed that 86.3% of（3） ______ users are between 20 and 34 years old.
Small families（4） ______ largely on food delivery services.Chinese families have changed in size over the past ten years.In 2002，only 7.7% of families have（5） ______ one person.But this number increased 3% （6） ______ 15.6% in 2017.Two-person families rose from 18.4% in 2002 to 27.2% in 2017.For small families，cooking always takes a lot of time and energy，（7） ______ ordering food online has become more popular.
The improvement of China's food delivery services has also made more customers（8） ______ .According to Meituan's report，the average（平均的）（9） ______ it takes to make a food delivery dropped from 38 minutes in 2016 to 29 minutes in 2020.Many delivery apps are also offering more services，delivering products such as fruit，vegetables，medicine and even（10） ______ .As their services continue to improve，it's certain that the food delivery industry will keep growing in the future.
33. Just as a famous saying goes，"Reading is to success what water is to fish." Reading（1） ______ very important for all humans.Then，how can you develop an interest in reading？（2） ______ is only one way.Let me explain this to you.If you want to learn how to ride a bike，you have to get on the bike more often until you can ride skillfully.（3） ______ works the same way with reading.If you want to improve your reading，try to read as much as you（4） ______ .When you finish reading your first book，take another book.If you are going out，take a magazine，a book，（5） ______ article or something else to read.When you are reading，try to understand what message the writer is giving to you.Good books are like good friends.Enjoy reading every day!
(1)
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(5)
34. A：Hi.Michael.Long time no see.（1） ______ ？
B：Pretty good，but a bit busy.I'm taking some training classes these days.
A：Training classes？Your holiday has begun.（2） ______ ？
B：Because you know，the 2023 Asian Games will be held in Hangzhou.（3） ______ .I've signed up to be one of them.
A：You've been a volunteer.No wonder you are so busy.Then what requests must you meet？
B：Well，we must meet many kinds of requests.For example.（4） ______ .And we must be able to speak a foreign language.
A：You're good at English，so it's easy for you.
B：But to work better for the Asian Games，I want to learn more skills.
A：Sounds great!（5） ______ !
B：Thanks.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
35. 世界上没有两片完全相同的叶子、每个人都有自己的优点、重要的是要学会发现自己的闪光点.认可自己.赏识自己。请以I Love Who I Am为题，每一篇英语作文，从精神面貌、待人接物、价值观等方面谈谈你的想法
要求：
（1）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
（2）词数100左右。
I Love Who I Am_______
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】B、D、B、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据表格二Price：￥180（￥300 for two during the Spring Festival）（价格：180元：春节期间两个人300元）可知如果我们想在春节期间买两个宫灯需要300元。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格五Name：Chinese knot；Color：red and yellow（名称：中国结；颜色：红色和黄色）可知可以买到黄色的中国结。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格二Delivery（递送）time：You can get your goods within 7 days.（交货时间：您可以在7天内收到货物。）表格三Delivery time：You can get your goods within 9 days.（交货时间：你可以在9天内收到货物。）表格四Delivery time：You can get your goods within 3 days.（交货时间：您可以在3天内收到货物。）表格五Delivery time：You can get your goods within 5 days.（交货时间：您可以在5天内收到您的货物。）可知结合选项，③④①②符合。故选B。
（4）细节判断题。根据表格五The beauty of our new products may give you a big surprise.（我们新产品的美丽可能会给你一个很大的惊喜。）可知你会惊讶地发现新中国结的美丽。故选C。
（5）写作目的题。根据表格一Welcome to the Chinese Traditional Artwork（工艺品）Website（欢迎光临中国传统美术网站）及其对四个艺术品的介绍，可知为了出售中国艺术品。故选B。
短文介绍了宫灯、丝绸伞、锅和中国结的一些信息。
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
6~10.【答案】D、C、B、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段One morning it took me an hour to watch a small ant carry a huge feather（羽毛）across my back hall.（一天早上，我花了一个小时看着一只小蚂蚁背着一根巨大的羽毛穿过我的后厅。）可知作者发现蚂蚁时，它叼着一根巨大的羽毛穿过后大厅。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段After a short time of thought，the ant put the feather over the crack，crossed it and picked it up on the other side，then continued on its way.（思考了一会儿，蚂蚁把羽毛放在裂缝上，穿过裂缝，在另一边捡起来，然后继续前进。）可知蚂蚁通过羽毛穿过了裂缝。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段I was attracted（吸引）by the cleverness of this ant，one of God's smallest creatures（生物、动物）.（我被这只蚂蚁的聪明所吸引，它是上帝创造的最小的生物之一。）可知作者对蚂蚁表现出极大的兴趣。故选B。
（4）细节推理题。根据第三段I was attracted（吸引）by the cleverness of this ant，one of God's smallest creatures（生物、动物）.（我被这只蚂蚁的聪明所吸引，它是上帝创造的最小的生物之一。）以及第五段So the ant，after all this trouble and using much creativity，beating difficulties all along the way，just left the feather behind and went home.（所以蚂蚁，在经历了这么多的困难之后，发挥了很大的创造力，一路上克服了很多困难，只是把羽毛留在了身后，然后回家了。）可推断出作者认为蚂蚁聪明、勇敢、有创造力，但也有自己的弱点。故选D。
（5）最佳标题题。通读全文，根据最后一段The ant had not thought the problem through before it began its brave journey and in the end the feather was nothing more than a heavy weight.（蚂蚁并没有想清楚这个问题，就开始了它勇敢的旅程，最后羽毛只是一个沉重的负担。）可知文章主要讲述了一只蚂蚁想把一只羽毛运回蚂蚁洞，虽然一路上克服了许多困难，但是蚂蚁遇到了最后的问题，羽毛太大，蚂蚁洞太小，蚂蚁不得不放弃了。虽然蚂蚁聪明、有创造力、勇于面对困难，但不够深思熟虑。故最佳标题应为：三思而后行。故选B。
文章主要讲述了一只蚂蚁想把一只羽毛运回蚂蚁洞，虽然一路上克服了许多困难，但是蚂蚁遇到了最后的问题，羽毛太大，蚂蚁洞太小，蚂蚁不得不放弃了。虽然蚂蚁聪明、有创造力、勇于面对困难，但不够深思熟虑。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
11~15.【答案】D、D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段This is what Murphy's Law tells us：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.（这就是墨菲定律告诉我们的：如果事情可能出错，那就一定会出错。）可知D"你害怕被发现在课堂上玩游戏，你很可能会被抓住"最能描述墨菲定律。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段To prove（证明）this，Robert Matthews did a lot of experiments（实验）with more than 1，000 British school kids in 2001.（为了证明这一点，罗伯特•马修斯在2001年对1000多名英国学生做了大量实验。）可知罗伯特•马修斯.通过做实验证明墨菲定律。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段Of the studies about Murphy's Law，the most famous one is the buttered toast（奶油烤面包片） phenomenon：One toast with butter falls，it lands butter-side down most of the time.（在有关墨菲定律的研究中，最著名的一个是黄油吐司---：一个黄油吐司掉下来，大多数时候黄油面朝下。）联系后句可猜测出下划线单词phenomenon的意思应为：现象。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第五段This time，instead of butter，the toast had a letter"B"written on one side.It still landed 58 percent of the time on the B-side.This proved that Murphy's Law is true：If the toast can land butter-side down，it will do so.（这一次，面包片的一面写着字母" B"，而不是黄油，但仍有58% 的面包片落在了 B 面。这证明了墨菲定律的正确性：如果吐司的黄油面朝下，它就会朝下。）可知如果吐司大多数时候都是有黄油的一面朝下，那么墨菲定律是正确的。故选C。
（5）篇章结构题。根据一、二段介绍了什么是墨菲定律；第三段介绍著名的黄油吐司现象，第四、五、六段具体介绍罗伯特•马修斯的实验，第七段总结墨菲定律给我们的启示。故文章的结构应为总→分→总结构，A选项符合题意，故选A。
短文讲了墨菲定律，通过实验告诉我们墨菲定律对人们的影响。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】D
【小题3】C
【小题4】B
【小题5】A
【解析】推理判断题。
（1）根据下文At times，workers have to kill problem animals.（有时，工人们不得不杀死问题动物！）可推断出空处应填：住在那里的人认为他闯入了超过24户人家。故选E。
（2）根据上文Hank was lucky，though.Scientists collected bear DNA from some of the homes. （不过，汉克很幸运。科学家们从一些家庭收集了熊的 DNA。）可推断出空处应填：科学家可以用它来区分不同的生物。故选D。
（3）根据下文They will put tags（标签） on bears' ears.（他们会在熊的耳朵上贴上标签。）可推断出空处应填：工人们想要研究太浩湖附近的黑熊。故选C。
（4）根据上文Wildlife workers say the bears broke into homes to look for food.Problems can start when bears find fire in or near a home where people live. （当熊在人们居住的房子里或附近发现火灾时，问题就开始了。）可推断出空处应填：熊可能会一次又一次地回来。故选B。
（5）根据下文Problems across people and wildlife will continue，though.（然而，人类和野生动物之间的问题将继续存在。）可推断出空处应填：DNA让汉克暂时摆脱了麻烦。故选A。
文章主要讲述了人类和野生动物之间的问题。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
17~31.【答案】D、A、D、C、A、B、A、B、A、D、D、C、D、D、B
【解析】（1）动词辨析。句意：他浇水。A.吃，B.喝，C.玩，D.浇水，结合上文He dug.He planted.（他挖。他种植。）可知接下来他浇水。故选D。
（2）连词辨析。句意：艾维工作时，凯西坐在一块石头上。A.当……时候，B.直到，C.自从，D.除非，根据Avi was working（艾维工作时），可知用while引导时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时。故选A。
（3）形容词辨析。句意："花会渴吗？"她问。A.寒冷的，B.生气的，C.饥饿的，D.口渴的，根据That's why we water them every day.（那就是为什么我每天给它们浇水。）可知凯西询问花会渴吗。故选D。
（4）动词短语辨析。句意：艾维抬头解释。当然可以。这就是我们每天给它们浇水的原因。"A.发射，B.占据，C.抬头，D.出现，根据Avi was working.（艾维工作时，）可知此刻他抬头解释。故选C。
（5）名词辨析。句意：凯西吃了一些蓝莓蛋糕。A.蛋糕，B.牛奶，C.果汁，D.冰淇淋，根据her half-eaten cake.（她吃了一半的蛋糕。）可知她吃了一些蓝莓蛋糕。故选A。
（6）动词辨析。句意：艾维停下来想了想："嗯，是的，有点。"A.询问，B.想，C.种植，D.工作，根据"Em，yes，sort of."（"嗯，是的，有点。"）可知停下想了想。故选B。
（7）动词辨析。句意：她拿吃了一半的蛋糕。A.拿，B.买，C.卖，D.烹饪，结合上文Cathy asked what flowers ate and whether they would like some of her cake.（凯西问花儿吃什么，它们是否想要一些她的蛋糕。）可知凯西拿着吃了一半的蛋糕。故选A。
（8）副词辨析。句意：凯西想知道为什么，毕竟，蛋糕是她的最爱。A.谁，B.为什么，C.什么，D.什么时候，结合上文"They do not eat food like we do，" he said.（他说"它们不像我们那样吃东西。"）可知凯西想知道为什么。故选B。
（9）名词辨析。句意：它们需要水和阳光，当然，还有空气。A.空气，B.月亮，C.风，D.雨，根据plants "have" sunlight and air（植物"吃"阳光和空气。）可知它们需要水和阳光，当然，还有空气。故选A。
（10）名词辨析。句意：它们没有我们这样的嘴巴!A.耳朵，B.眼睛，C.胳膊，D.嘴，结合上文How do they eat...sunshine？（它们怎么吃……阳光？）可知它们没有嘴巴。故选D。
（11）名词辨析。句意：艾维从花盆中取出另一株植物，他说植物的叶子"吃"阳光和空气，根部"吃"水分。A.水果，B.草，C.花，D.叶子，结合句意，可知植物的叶子"吃"阳光和空气。故选D。
（12）副词辨析。句意："酷，"凯西兴奋地说。A.悲伤地，B.忽然，C.兴奋地，D.紧张地，根据Cool，（酷）可知她兴奋地说。故选C。
（13）介词辨析。句意：没有它，我们就无法生存。A.从，B.在……期间，C.通过，D.没有，结合上文It is the foundation of life on Earth.（它是地球上生命的基础，）可知没有它，我们就无法生存。故选D。
（14）形容词辨析。句意：有一个有趣的事实：花最早出现在地球上是在1.3亿年前。A.清楚的，B.容易的，C.平常的，D.有趣的，根据flowers first appeared on earth over 130 million years ago.（花最早出现在地球上是在1.3亿年前。）可知这是一个有趣的事实，an用于元音音素前，interesting是元音音素开头的单词。故选D。
（15）形容词比较级辨析。句意：所以花比人类更古老!A.更大的，B.更古老的，C.更短的，D.更友好的，结合上文flowers first appeared on earth over 130 million years ago.And humans only appeared two million years ago!"（花最早出现在地球上是在1.3亿年前。人类在两百万年前才出现!）可知花比人类古老。故选B。
本文主要讲了凯西的哥哥在种花，凯西问了他很多有关植物的一些知识。
通读全文，理解文章大意，掌握选项的含义，紧密结合上下文和句意判断空格处词义，选择正确的选项，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
32.【答案】latest
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：根据中国互联网络信息中心的最新报告，4.21亿中国人使用在线送餐服务。根据report from the China Internet Network Information Center（来自中国互联网络信息中心的报告）可知是最新的报告。latest最新的。故填：latest。
（2）考查动词。句意：哪一类人在网上订餐最多？根据food online（网上食物）可知是指在网上订餐。前面有is，可知是现在进行时is+doing。可知故填：ordering。
（3）考查物主代词。句意：外卖服务公司美团最近的一份报告显示，86.3%的用户年龄在20到34岁之间。根据showed that 86.3% of...users（展示了……86.3%的用户）可知是指美团的用户，用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词users。可知故填：its。
（4）考查动词。句意：小家庭在很大程度上依赖于食品配送服务。根据句意，结合介词on，可知是depend on依靠，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，接动词原形。故填：depend。
（5）考查副词。句意：2002年，只有7.7%的家庭只有一个人。根据one person（一人）可知是指只有一人。故填：only。
（6）考查介词。句意：但这一数字在2017年增长了3%至15.6%。根据句意，可知此处是指增长3%至15.6%，用介词to。故填：to。
（7）考查连词。句意：对于小家庭来说，做饭总是要花费很多时间和精力，因此网上订餐变得越来越流行。根据For small families，cooking always takes a lot of time and energy（对于小家庭来说，做饭总是要花费很多时间和精力）以及ordering food online has become more popular（网上订餐变得越来越流行）可知前后是因果关系，用so引导。故填：so。
（8）考查形容词。句意：中国外卖服务的改善也引起了更多顾客的兴趣。根据The improvement of China's food delivery services has also made more customers...（中国外卖服务的改善也让更多顾客……）可知此处是指让更多顾客感兴趣，此处是ed形容词修饰人。故填：interested。
（9）考查名词。句意：根据美团的报告，送餐的平均时间从2016年的38分钟降至2020年的29分钟。根据dropped from 38 minutes in 2016 to 29 minutes in 2020（从2016年的38分钟下降到2020年的29分钟）可知是指送餐时间，time是不可数名词。故填：time。
（10）考查名词。句意：许多快递应用程序也提供了更多的服务，运送水果、蔬菜、药品甚至鲜花等产品。根据such as fruit，vegetables，medicine（如水果、蔬菜、药品）可知此处是名词flower花，是复数形式表示一类事物。故填：flowers。
本文主要介绍了中国的食品配送行业的相关情况。
选择词语时，在理解文章大意的前提下，应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置。通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求。
33.【答案】【小题1】is
【小题2】There
【小题3】It/That
【小题4】can
【小题5】an
【解析】（1）考查be动词。句意：阅读对所有人来说都非常重要。be important for对......是重要的，主语Reading（阅读）是单数，时态为一般现在时，be动词用is。故填is。
（2）考查副词。句意：只有一个方法。there be表示"某地有某物"，是固定句型，位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填There。
（3）考查代词。句意：阅读也是如此。根据前句If you want to learn how to ride a bike，you have to get on the bike more often until you can ride skillfully.（如果你想学会骑自行车，你必须更经常地骑自行车，直到你能熟练地骑。）可知，阅读也是这样。it/that指代的是"骑自行车熟能生巧的道理"，位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填It/That。
（4）考查情态动词。句意：如果你想提高你的阅读能力，试着尽可能多地阅读。根据前文"阅读和骑自行车一样需要多练"可知，如果你想提高你的阅读能力，就要尽可能多地阅读。as much as you can尽你所能，尽量。故填can。
（5）考查冠词。句意：如果你要出去，带本杂志、一本书、一篇文章或其他东西去读。article（文章）是一个元音音素开头的单数名词，表示"一篇文章"，用冠词an。故填an。
本文主要介绍了如何培养阅读兴趣。
题目考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对语篇的理解能力。做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词意及词性，然后考虑是否要对单词进行变形，从而得出正确答案。
34.【答案】【小题1】How is it going
【小题2】Why are you taking them
【小题3】It will need lots of volunteers
【小题4】We must learn a lot of foreign cultures
【小题5】Good luck to you
【解析】（1）根据答语Pretty good（很好）可知，此处询问对方的近况。故填How is it going。
（2）根据答语Because you know，the 2023 Asian Games will be held in Hangzhou.（你知道，因为2023年亚运会将在杭州举办。）可知，此处询问对方为什么参加培训班。故填Why are you taking them。
（3）根据上句Because you know，the 2023 Asian Games will be held in Hangzhou.（你知道，因为2023年亚运会将在杭州举办。）和下句I've signed up to be one of them.（我已经签约成为其中一员。）可知，此处应该是亚运会需要很多志愿者，所以Michael也签约成为其中一员。故填It will need lots of volunteers。
（4）根据问句Then what requests must you meet？（那么你们必须要达到什么要求？）下句And we must be able to speak a foreign language.（我们必须能够说一门外语。）可知，此处Michael表达的是作为一名志愿者在亚运会上要达到的要求。故填We must learn a lot of foreign cultures。
（5）根据答语Thanks.（谢谢。）可知，此处表示对Michael的祝福或者鼓励。故填Good luck to you。
这是一篇Michael和朋友谈论自己上培训班的对话，对话中Michael因为成为一名亚运会志愿者而参加培训班，并表示为了更好地服务于亚运会，他将学习更多的技能。
根据问题选择合适的答语，注意汉语意思以及一些常用问题的回答术语。
35.【答案】I Love Who I Am There are no identical leaves in the world.Everyone is unique and special.I think I have a lot of advantages，that's why I love myself.
Firstly，I think I am active.I like to have a healthy lifestyle and I do my best to study hard.（精神面貌）Secondly.I love making friends.I believe sharing happiness and sorrow can open up my heart.What's more，I can spend a lot of happy time with my friends and we can leave many unforgettable memories.（待人接物）Besides，I engage myself to be an honest man.I think if I'm honest to others，I'll win everyone else's trust and respect.【高分句型一】（价值观）
I love what I am.And I believe I will try my best to be a better person.【高分句型二】
【解析】【高分句型一】
I think if I'm honest to others，I'll win everyone else's trust and respect.我想如果我对别人诚实，我会赢得别人的信任和尊重。if引导的条件状语从句。
【高分句型二】
And I believe I will try my best to be a better person.我相信我会尽力做一个更好的人。And I believe+宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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