2022-2023学年安徽省芜湖市高一上学期期末教学质量统测英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年安徽省芜湖市高一上学期期末教学质量统测英语试题含解析，共27页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 2022—2023学年度第一学期芜湖市中学教学质量统测
高一年级英语试题卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the speakers go to the theater?
A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By subway.
2. What are the speakers most probably doing?
A. Climbing a tower. B. Trying on a dress. C. Taking photos.
3. Where did the woman lose her handbag?
A. In the museum. B. In the store. C. In the park.
4. What will the speakers do next?
A. Continue to wait. B. Make a phone call. C. Pick up a friend.
5. When will Jane come back?
A. On Tuesday. B. On Friday. C. On Wednesday.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答6、7题。
6 What can the man do on the Island of Pearl?
A. Shopping. B. Sunbathing. C. Reading.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. On a ship. B. On a beach. C. At a travel agency.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What do we know about the reading room?
A. It is big. B. It is quiet. C. It is cold.
9. What time does the library close at weekends?
A. At 4 pm. B. At 4:30 pm. C. At 6 pm.
10. What does the library offer for free?
A. Car parking. B. Computers. C. Coffee.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does Jason think of the book?
A. Attractive. B. Difficult. C. Boring.
12. Who is going to read the book?
A. Henry. B. Maria. C. Tom.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Relatives. B. Classmates. C. Neighbors.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Why didn’t Alan meet the girl at lunch?
A. He was taking an exam.
B. He was held up by his class.
C. He went to the teacher’s office.
15. What subject is Alan weak in?
A. Chinese. B. English. C. Math.
16. When will Alan take the rest of the exams?
A. In fourteen days. B. In ten days. C. In seven days.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What should you do in some traditional Japanese restaurants?
A. Give tips. B. Wear a formal suit. C. Take off shoes.
18. Which is the right number of flowers to give to Russians?
A. 8. B. 9. C. 10.
19. What action will get you fined in Singapore?
A. Raising a bird at your own house.
B. Wearing a short skirt in public.
C. Eating or drinking on a bus.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. How to travel abroad safely.
B. Not-to-do lists in other countries.
C. Different laws in different countries.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
These are four famous tourist attractions around the world!
The Forbidden City
The Forbidden City in Beijing, China, was completed in 1420 during the early Ming Dynasty. It is the largest ancient palatial (宫殿似的) building in the world and it’s open to tourists to allow them to have a look at ancient Chinese architecture.
Niagara Falls State Park
When you arrive at Niagara Falls State Park, you’ll explore the Cave of the Winds to have an up-close look at the falls. The Cave of the Winds is a self-guided tour, which means you can spend as much time as you would like. There is no need to make a reservation (预定). The Cave of the Winds closes during winter, so make sure it’s open before visiting.
The Little Mermaid
The little Mermaid is a statue in Copenhagen, Denmark. It sits on a rock in the harbor. It was inspired by a performance of a ballet based on the fairy tale The Little Mermaid by Hans Christian Andersen. And there are many tourists taking photos with the Little Mermaid every year.
The Taj Mahal
As one of the Seven Wonders of the world, the Taj Mahal is the jewel of India. It is considered as the finest example of Mughal architecture, a mix of Indian, Persian and Islamic styles.
1. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. An experiment report. B. A travel magazine.
C. A geography textbook. D. A science newspaper.
2. What should you do before visiting the Cave of the Winds?
A. Book in advance. B. Find a tour guide.
C. Learn about its history. D. Check the opening time.
3. What can we know according to the text?
A. Tourists can only see the Forbidden City from outside.
B. The Little Mermaid statue was made by Hans Christine Andersen.
C. The Taj Mahal is the finest example of mixed styles of Mughal buildings.
D. Tourists must check the opening times before visiting Niagara Falls State Park.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四个著名的旅游景点，分别是故宫、尼亚加拉大瀑布州立公园、小美人鱼和泰姬陵。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“These are four famous tourist attractions around the world!(这是世界上四大著名的旅游景点！)”可知，文章主要介绍了世界上四个著名的旅游景点。由此推知，这段文字可能摘自一本旅游杂志。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Niagara Falls State Park部分中的“The Cave of the Winds closes during winter, so make sure it’s open before visiting.(风之洞在冬天关闭，所以在参观之前确保它是开放的)”可知，在参观风之洞之前，你应该检查一下开放时间。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Taj Mahal部分中的“It is considered as the finest example of Mughal architecture, a mix of Indian, Persian and Islamic styles.(它被认为是莫卧儿王朝建筑的最佳典范，融合了印度、波斯和伊斯兰风格)”可知，泰姬陵是莫卧儿王朝建筑混合风格的最佳典范。故选C。
B
In 2021, fresh out of high school, I had difficulty in choosing a major before college. With only two options left, I was in deep dilemma. My uncle, an influential person in the family, suggested that I should do a work placement to gain experience for a month in a bank followed by a month in a hospital so that I could make a decision. It seemed like a brilliant idea.
Near the end of my month at the hospital, I began thinking about my two experiences. The bank had offered a more relaxing atmosphere, better working hours and less stress. While hospital was full of excitement, the training was challenging. It seemed that the bank was going to win out.
Then one day when I was driving home from the hospital, I witnessed a terrible accident. Two cars crashed, causing a boy lying motionless in the middle of the road. People gathered around him but no one could really help. As a matter of fact, I wanted to keep going and ignored it, but the urge to stop and help was stronger. I got out of my car and tried to stop his bleeding but didn’t succeed. With the help of some bystanders, I lifted his unconscious body into the back seat of my car, and rushed him to the hospital. The next day, the doctor introduced me as “the person who saved your son’s life” to the boy’s parents, grandparents, aunts and uncles. Everyone got up, with grateful smiles on their faces. The boy, now managed a smile though unable to speak.
What a feeling it was to help save the life of another person! I spent the rest of the day in a state of excitement. Driving home that evening, I knew what I would prefer for the rest of my life.
4. What does the underlined word “dilemma” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Trouble. B. Settlement. C. Attraction. D. Pride.
5. What can we know from paragraph 3?
A. The writer saved the boy without hesitation.
B. The injured boy lost his life in the accident.
C. The boy’s relatives appreciated the writer’s help.
D. The writer managed to stop the boy’s bleeding.
6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The writer decided to work in a bank.
B. The writer would be a medical student.
C. The writer was concerned about what he had done.
D. The writer still had no idea what major to choose.
7. What would be a suitable title for the text?
A. No pains, no gains. B. Follow your heart and just do it.
C. Failure is the mother of success. D. Where there is a will, there is a way.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在上大学之前不知道要选什么专业，但是最后两难选择的时候遵从自己的内心，选择了自己喜欢的专业。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“In 2021, fresh out of high school, I had difficulty in choosing a major before college. With only two options left, I was in deep dilemma. (2021年，我刚刚高中毕业，在上大学之前很难选择专业。由于只剩下两个选择，我陷入了深深的dilemma。)”可知，dilemma是指作者在选择大学专业时的情况，只剩下两个选择，所以是有困难，所以dilemma的意思应该是“困难，困境”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The next day, the doctor introduced me as “the person who saved your son’s life” to the boy’s parents, grandparents, aunts and uncles. Everyone got up, with grateful smiles on their faces. (第二天，医生向男孩的父母、祖父母、阿姨和叔叔介绍我是“救了你儿子一命的人”。每个人都站了起来，脸上带着感激的微笑。)”可知，男孩所有的亲人们都很感激作者的帮助。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“What a feeling it was to help save the life of another person! I spent the rest of the day in a state of excitement. Driving home that evening, I knew what I would prefer for the rest of my life. (帮助挽救他人生命的感觉是多么棒啊！我在兴奋中度过了一天的其余时间。那天晚上开车回家，我知道我下半辈子更喜欢什么。)”可知，作者大学将会选择学习医学专业。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In 2021, fresh out of high school, I had difficulty in choosing a major before college. With only two options left, I was in deep dilemma. My uncle, an influential person in the family, suggested that I should do a work placement to gain experience for a month in a bank followed by a month in a hospital so that I could make a decision. It seemed like a brilliant idea. (2021年，我刚刚高中毕业，在上大学之前很难选择专业。由于只剩下两个选择，我陷入了深深困境。我的叔叔是家里有影响力的人，他建议我先在银行工作一个月，然后在医院工作一个，这样我才能做出决定。这似乎是个好主意。)”和最后一段“What a feeling it was to help save the life of another person! I spent the rest of the day in a state of excitement. Driving home that evening, I knew what I would prefer for the rest of my life. (帮助挽救他人生命的感觉是多么棒啊！我在兴奋中度过了一天的其余时间。那天晚上开车回家，我知道我下半辈子更喜欢什么。)”可知，本文主要讲述作者在两难选择的时候遵从自己的内心，选择了自己喜欢的专业。故选B。
C
When people think of Beijing, the hutong style always comes to mind. It is no exaggeration (夸张) to say within hutong lives the city’s history.
The word “hutong” referred to a place where people live, which was borrowed from the Mongolian word to mean “water well” about 700 years ago. Hutong we see today are made up of small paths formed by walls of siheyuan. They were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.
When the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, there were more than 3,000 hutong. Most of the city’s population lived in this traditional housing. But with the modernization of the city in the 1980s and early 1990s, many hutong were pulled down to build roads, skyscrapers and modern houses.
The government has recognized the importance of hutong to Chinese cultural heritage. In 2002, Beijing listed 40 protected historical zones and increased its efforts to rebuild some key relics and older streets in the city. Nearly 500 hutong have survived.
Hutong that still exist are like oases (绿洲) of calm in the noisy city. Walking through them, it’s common to see groups of elderly people sitting together playing cards, mahjong (麻将) or Chinese chess. In the early mornings and evenings, they gather to practice traditional forms of exercise such as Taijiquan as well as dancing and singing folk songs or Peking Opera. Hutong have become a museum of Beijing’s folk customs and history.
8. What is the purpose of paragraph 2?
A. To add background information of hutong. B. To bring in the topic of the context.
C. To stress the importance of hutong. D. To introduce the benefits of hutong.
9. What happened to hutong in Beijing in 2002?
A. More hutong were built.
B. Lots of hutong disappeared.
C. Most hutong became historical zones.
D. Some hutong were placed under protection.
10. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The future of hutong. B. The change of hutong.
C The beauty of hutong life. D. The history of hutong life.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards Hutong protection?
A. Negative. B. Unclear. C. Supportive. D. Doubtful.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了“胡同”的历史及现状。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The word “hutong” referred to a place where people live, which was borrowed from the Mongolian word to mean “water well” about 700 years ago. Hutong we see today are made up of small paths formed by walls of siheyuan. They were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.(“胡同”一词指的是人们居住的地方，大约700年前，这个词是从蒙古语中借来的，意思是“水井”。我们今天看到的胡同是由四合院的城墙形成的小路组成的。它们建于元、明、清三朝)”可知，第二段主要介绍了一些胡同的背景信息。由此推知，本段的目的是增加胡同的背景信息。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 2002, Beijing listed 40 protected historical zones and increased its efforts to rebuild some key relics and older streets in the city. Nearly 500 hutong have survived.(2002年，北京列出了40个历史保护区域，并加大了对一些重要文物和城市老街道的重建力度。近500条胡同幸存了下来)”可知，北京的一些胡同在2002年被列为保护对象。故选D。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Hutong that still exist are like oases (绿洲) of calm in the noisy city. Walking through them, it’s common to see groups of elderly people sitting together playing cards, mahjong (麻将) or Chinese chess. In the early mornings and evenings, they gather to practice traditional forms of exercise such as Taijiquan as well as dancing and singing folk songs or Peking Opera. Hutong have become a museum of Beijing’s folk customs and history.(仍然存在的胡同就像喧嚣城市中的宁静绿洲。走在里面，经常能看到一群群老人坐在一起打牌、打麻将或下象棋。在清晨和傍晚，他们聚在一起练习传统的运动形式，如太极拳，以及舞蹈和唱民歌或京剧。胡同已经成为北京民俗和历史的博物馆)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了胡同里美丽的生活景象。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It is no exaggeration (夸张) to say within hutong lives the city’s history.(毫不夸张地说，胡同里蕴藏着这座城市的历史)”，第四段中的“Nearly 500 hutong have survived.(近500条胡同幸存了下来)”和最后一段中的“Hutong that still exist are like oases (绿洲) of calm in the noisy city.(仍然存在的胡同就像喧嚣城市中的宁静绿洲)”及“Hutong have become a museum of Beijing’s folk customs and history.(胡同已经成为北京民俗和历史的博物馆)”可推知，作者对胡同保护持支持的态度。故选C。
D
New smart wheelchairs are designed to allow users more freedom of movement. Some even allow them to raise or lower the seats or to go up and down stairs. Now, Scewo, a Swiss company, has designed their futuristic motorized wheelchair Scewo Bro that is a complete solution with multitasking innovation. This smart wheelchair is so advanced and multifunctional that it won the Design Prize in 2018 and has been recognized as a pioneer in the medical technology industry.
With clearly defined lines and a reduction to the essentials, the design team developed a clear design language. That way, Scewo Bro is seen as a new generation of wheelchairs at first glance. Scewo Bro users can control the wheelchair either by a touch interface (界面) or a smartphone. They can switch from one to the other and can also choose from three different modes: park mode, drive mode, and track mode. This allows for any terrain (地形) and for people with mobility disabilities to be independent.
Built with safety in mind, the seat always balances itself so the user stays in a sitting position. This feature allows users to deal with different terrains without the risk of tipping over. Besides, the foot rests, seat, and arm rests are designed to be comfortable and adjustable.
The smart wheelchair can go up to 35 kilometers on one charge and can go 10 kilometers per hour. If a break is needed, just put the chair into the relaxation position. The smart wheelchair comes with two secure storage areas for people on the go to store valuables. It can fit in the trunk of a car and can be charged in just five hours.
Scewo Bro is available in Switzerland, Austria, and Germany. While the first batch(首批) has sold out, people can pre-order for delivery at the end of 2021. This futuristic wheelchair will allow for increased movement and a better quality of life for people with mobility issues.
12. What do we know about the wheelchair?
A. It targets medical workers.
B. It features more functions.
C. It is designed for household use.
D. It is the first motorized wheelchair.
13. What is mainly discussed about the wheelchair in Paragraph 3?
A. Its design philosophy.
B. Its working principle.
C. Its customer experience.
D. Its fashionable elements.
14. How does the author introduce the wheelchair in Paragraph 4?
A. By giving exact figures.
B. By making comparisons.
C. By offering examples.
D. By listing reasons.
15. What can be inferred from the text?
A. The wheelchair needs further improvement.
B. The company Scewo is a non-profit organization.
C. The wheelchair users can move around independently.
D. The design team has been awarded many design prizes.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一款新型的轮椅，包括其功能和设计理念等。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“This smart wheelchair is so advanced and multifunctional that it won the Design Prize in 2018 and has been recognized as a pioneer in the medical technology industry.（这款智能轮椅是如此先进和多功能，以至于它在2018年获得了设计奖，并被公认为医疗技术行业的先驱）”可知，这个轮椅的特点就是多功能，故选择B项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Built with safety in mind, the seat always balances itself so the user stays in a sitting position.（出于安全考虑，座椅始终保持自身平衡，因此使用者保持坐姿）”可知，第三段主要说的是这个轮椅的设计理念，故选择A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“The smart wheelchair can go up to 35 kilometers on one charge and can go 10 kilometers per hour.（智能轮椅一次充电可行驶35公里，每小时可行驶10公里。）”和“It can fit in the trunk of a car and can be charged in just five hours.（它可以装在汽车的后备箱里，只需5小时就能充满电）”可知，本段当中对于轮椅的介绍运用了列数字的论证方式，故选择A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“This allows for any terrain (地形) and for people with mobility disabilities to be independent. （这适用于任何地形以及让行动不便的人保持独立。）”可知，这款轮椅的用户能够独立移动，故选择C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Getting nervous about an important event or life change is very normal in daily life. Try these expert-backed suggestions to help you regain control of your thoughts when anxiety starts to take hold.
____16____
Anxiety is a future-focused state of mind. So instead of worrying about what’s going to happen, move yourself back to the present; that is, focus on what’s happening right now. Besides, ask yourself: Is there something I need to do right now? Must I solve this problem now? ____17____
Consider your future in a realistic way.
People with anxiety often pay attention to the worst things that could happen. To get rid of these worries, think about how realistic they are. ____18____ Rather than think, “I’m going to bomb,” say, “I’m nervous, but I’m prepared for this task. Some things will go well.”
Avoid too much sweet.
As you know, it may be appealing to reach for sweet things when you’re stressed. ____19____ The reason is that research shows eating too much sugar can worsen anxious feelings. Instead of reaching into the candy bowl, drink a glass of water or eat protein, which will provide a slow energy your body can use to recover.
Follow the 3-3-3 rule.
Whenever you feel your brain going 100 miles per hour and out of control, look around you and name three things you see. Then, name three sounds you hear. Finally, move three parts of your body—your ankle, fingers, or arm. ____20____
A. Map out your future.
B Stay in your time zone.
C. But that could do more harm than good.
D. You may regard them as a method of relieving anxiety.
E. Let’s say you’re nervous about a big presentation at work.
F. This trick can help center your mind on the present moment.
G. If not, make an “appointment” to check in with yourself later.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍一些应对焦虑的建议。
【16题详解】
根据下文“So instead of worrying about what’s going to happen, move yourself back to the present; that is, focus on what’s happening right now. (因此，与其担心会发生什么，不如回到现在；也就是说，关注现在正在发生的事情。)”可知，这里是建议人们在紧张的时候选择关注现在正在发生的事情。选项B“保持在您的时区。”和下文意思一致。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Besides, ask yourself: Is there something I need to do right now? Must I solve this problem now? (此外，问问自己：我现在需要做什么吗？我现在必须解决这个问题吗？)”可知，这里提到了一些问题，接下来需要回答。选项G“如果没有，那就和自己“预约”一下”上文意思一致。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Rather than think, “I’m going to bomb,” say, “I’m nervous, but I’m prepared for this task. Some things will go well.”(与其想着“我要炸了”，不如说“我很紧张，但我已经做好了准备。有些事情会顺利的。”)”可知，这里是假设遇到了一些令人感到紧张的事情。选项E“假设你对工作中的大型演讲感到紧张。”和下文意思一致。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文“As you know, it may be appealing to reach for sweet things when you’re stressed. (正如你所知，当你感到压力时，寻求甜蜜的东西可能会很有吸引力。)”和下文“The reason is that research shows eating too much sugar can worsen anxious feelings. (原因是研究表明，吃太多糖会加重焦虑情绪。)”可知，上下文是转折的关系，说明吃糖并不会改善焦虑情绪。选项C“但这可能弊大于利。”和上下文意思一致。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Whenever you feel your brain going 100 miles per hour and out of control, look around you and name three things you see. Then, name three sounds you hear. Finally, move three parts of your body—your ankle, fingers, or arm. (每当你觉得你的大脑每小时跑100英里并且失控时，看看你周围，说出你看到的三件事。然后，说出你听到的三个声音。最后，移动身体的三个部位——脚踝、手指或手臂。)”可知，这里介绍了一个面对焦虑的技巧。选项F“这个技巧可以帮助你把注意力集中在当下。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
Gina Ginsberg was born to a wealthy family that lost its fortune. For years, Gina’s life was ____21____. Eventually she managed to ____22____ in the U.S where she became a practicing physician and co- founder of a free health clinic. She was accomplished and ____23____.
But she ____24____ constantly that the family would fall into ____25____. She would tell her three children, “We ____26____ have one dollar for food today. It has to ____27____ all of us.”
Gina retired in 2020 and ____28____ her retirement funds. She still thought money played an important part in her life. But her attitude towards spending money was much more light-hearted.
“I once gave a guy a $20 ____29____ for pumping my gas,” she said. “He was like, ‘Wow, how ____30____!’ What if I could do that over and over?” So she ____31____ to give away $100 a day for a month to those in need of help. She would write ____32____ to share her activities with others on her website. She set some rules for herself. She had to meet each person as part of her normal routines.
That ____33____ was marked by many similar meetings. The process of ____34____ made her feel good. When the month was over, Dr. Ginsberg ____35____ it hadn’t been enough. She felt grateful she could afford it. Small actions can make a big difference.
21. A. secure B. simple C. hard D. smooth
22. A. slim down B. settle down C. make out D. pass out
23. A. ignored B. respected C. concerned D. stressed
24. A. proved B. hoped C. denied D. worried
25. A. success B. illness C. fortune D. poverty
26. A. hardly B. originally C. only D. almost
27. A. remind B. feed C. cost D. help
28. A. raised B. donated C. received D. lent
29. A. tip B. product C. bill D. service
30. A. amazing B. awkward C. strange D. clever
31. A. stopped B. agreed C. decided D. had
32. A. blogs B. information C. proposals D. goals
33. A. day B. week C. year D. month
34. A. writing B. giving C. working D. teaching
35. A. recognized B. expected C. recommended D. attached
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了Gina因为小时家庭破产导致过得很艰难，使她很看重钱，但是她不吝啬，而是愿意花钱去帮助他人。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年来，吉娜的生活很艰难。A. secure安全的；B. simple简单的；C. hard艰难的；D. smooth光滑的。根据前文“Gina Ginsberg was born to a wealthy family that lost its fortune.”可知Gina一家破产了，所以生活是艰难的。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：最终，她在美国定居下来，成为了一名执业医生，同时也是一家免费健康诊所的联合创始人。A. slim down减肥；B. settle down定居；C. make out辨认出；D. pass out昏倒。根据后文“she became a practicing physician and co- founder of a free health clinic.”可知，Gina成了一名执业医生，同时也是一家免费健康诊所的联合创始人，所以她在美国定居下来了。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很有成就，也很受尊敬。A. ignored忽视；B. respected尊敬；C. concerned涉及；D. stressed强调。根据句中and可知，空处应和前文的“accomplished”并列，描述Gina的成就，结合选项，应是B项“respected尊敬”符合句意。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她一直担心家里会陷入贫困。A. proved证明；B. hoped希望；C. denied否认；D. worried担心。根据前文“Gina Ginsberg was born to a wealthy family that lost its fortune.”以及后文“the family would fall into 　　　　5　　　　.”可知，Gina家之前破产过，所以此处表达“她担心家里会再次陷入贫困”之意。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她一直担心家里会陷入贫困。A. success成功；B. illness疾病；C. fortune财富；D. poverty贫穷。根据后文“She still thought money played an important part in her life.”可知，Gina因为小时候的经历，一直很看重钱，所以是担心家庭陷入贫困。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们今天只有一美元买吃的。A. hardly几乎不；B. originally起初；C. only只有；D. almost几乎。根据前文“But she 　　　4　 constantly that the family would fall into 　　　　5　　　　. ”可知，Gina担心家庭陷入贫困，有一天她会告诉自己的孩子，家里只有一美元了。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它不得不养活我们所有人。A. remind提醒；B. feed喂养；C. cost需付费；D. help帮助。根据前文“We 　　　　6　　　　 have one dollar for food today.”可知，她们家只有一美元买食物来养活所有人。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：吉娜于2020年退休，并领取了退休基金。A. raised提升；B. donated捐赠；C. received拿到；D. lent借出。根据前文“Gina retired in 2020”可知，Gina退休了，所以是拿到退休金。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我曾经给一个家伙20美元的小费，因为他帮我加油。”A. tip小费；B. product产品；C. bill账单；D. service服务。根据后文“He was like, ‘Wow, how 　　　　10　　　　!’”可知，他感到很棒，所以是Gina给他20元小费。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，‘哇，太棒了!’如果我能一遍又一遍地这样做呢?A. amazing令人惊喜的；B. awkward令人尴尬的；C. strange奇怪的；D. clever聪明的。根据前文“I once gave a guy a $20 　　　　9　　　　 for pumping my gas”可知，Gina给他20元小费，所以他感觉很惊喜。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她决定在一个月内每天捐出100美元给那些需要帮助的人。A. stopped停止；B. agreed同意；C. decided决定；D. had有。根据后文“She would write 　　　　12　　　　 to share her activities with others on her website.”可知，Gina在微博上分享她的活动，所以是她决定举行“一个月内每天捐出100美元给那些需要帮助的人”的活动。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她会写博客，在她的网站上与他人分享她的活动。A. blogs博客；B. information信息；C. proposals提议；D. goals目标。根据后文“share her activities with others on her website”可知，Gina是在网上分享活动，所以是写博客。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个月举行了许多类似的会议。A. day天；B. week星期；C. year年；D. month月。根据前文“So she 　　　　11　　　　 to give away $100 a day for a month to those in need of help.”可知，Gina的活动为期一个月。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：给予的过程让她感觉很好。A. writing写；B. giving给；C. working工作；D. teaching教。根据前文“So she 　　　　11　　　　 to give away $100 a day for a month to those in need of help.”可知，Gina决定在一个月内每天捐出100美元给那些需要帮助的人，所以是给予的过程让她感觉很好。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这个月结束时，金斯伯格意识到这还不够。A. recognized认识；B. expected预料；C. recommended推荐；D. attached重视。根据后文“it hadn’t been enough”结合前文，可知是Gina在做完一个月的活动后，意识到，一个月的帮助是不够的。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In much of Asia, especially ___36___ so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, food ___37___(eat) with chopsticks(筷子) in the daily life.
Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly fine chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese ___38___(character). Skilled workers also put together various hardwoods and metal ___39___(create) special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, ___40___(use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, ___41___ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so that it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be picked up easily with twigs which ___42___(gradual) turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, ___43___ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B. C., influenced the ___44___(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and were too violent for use at the table. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ___45___ their hands.
【答案】36. the
37. is eaten
38. characters
39. to create
40. using 41. as##when
42. gradually
43. who 44. development
45. with
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了筷子的形状和发展历史。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在亚洲大部分地区，特别是中国、日本、韩国和越南等所谓的“饭碗文化”，日常生活中都是用筷子吃饭的。分析句子结构可知，此处的“rice bowl” cultures是表特指，所以前应该用定冠词修饰。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：在亚洲大部分地区，特别是中国、日本、韩国和越南等所谓的“饭碗文化”，日常生活中都是用筷子吃饭的。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，所以eat作本句谓语，主语是food，两者间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，food此处是不可数名词，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填is eaten。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：真正好的筷子可能是用金子和银子做的，上面有汉字。分析句子结构可知，空前Chinese是形容词，所以空处应填名词，character意为“文字”为可数名词，此处应该用复数形式。故填characters。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：熟练的工人还把各种硬木和金属放在一起，创造出特殊的设计。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词put，所以create应该用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是workers，两者为主动关系，根据句意，此处是表目的，应该用不定式表目的。故填to create。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人们可能在大锅里煮食物，用小树枝把食物捞出来。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词cooked，所以use应该用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，两者间是主动关系，此处描述的是已发生的事，应该用现在分词形式。故填using。
【41题详解】
考查状语从句连接词。句意：随着时间的推移，随着（当）人口的增长的时候，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样可以更快地烹饪。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句，表达“当……时”之意，应该用as或者when引导。故填as或者when。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：小块的食物可以很容易地用小树枝夹起，小树枝逐渐变成了筷子。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词短语turned into，所以应该用副词修饰，gradual的副词形式是gradually。故填gradually。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：一些人认为是伟大的中国学者孔子，大约生活在公元前551年到公元前479年，影响了筷子的发展。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Confucius，在从句中作主语，应该用who引导。故填who。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：一些人认为是伟大的中国学者孔子，大约生活在公元前551年到公元前479年，影响了筷子的发展。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词the，所以空处应填名词，develop的名词形式是development，不可数名词。故填development。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，在印度，大多数人传统上用手吃饭。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，空后是名词，所以空处应填介词连接，根据句意表达“用”之意，所以应用介词with。故填with。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是高中生李华，你校即将举办体育运动会。请写封邮件邀请你校的英国交换生Tom参加，内容包括：
1. 时间、地点；
2. 欢迎他参加项目。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
Knowing that you are good at sports, I am writing to invite you to participate in the sports meeting to be held in our school on January 15th, next Friday. As scheduled, we will hold it in the newly-built gymnasium.
Two hundred students will take part in a variety of sports events, including not only the traditional events like running races, but also some interesting group events. You can sign up for any sport event if you like. I’m sure you’ll find it exciting and educational. When necessary, contact me at any time for further information.
Best wishes.
Yours sinlerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面面表达属于应用文。要求考生写封邮件邀请本校的英国交换生Tom参加即将举行的校运动会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
擅长：be good at→ do well in
参加：participate in →join in
各种： a variety of→ various
相信：be sure→ have the confidence/belief
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：You can sign up for any sport event if you like.
拓展句：You can sign up for any sport event you’re interested in.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are good at sports, I am writing to invite you to participate in the sports meeting to be held in our school on January 15th, next Friday.（运用了现在分词作状语，不定式作状语和后置定语）
【高分句型2】When necessary, contact me at any time for further information.（使用了状语从句的省略）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段文字，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As is known to all, the traffic is very poor and heavy. The bus or the train is really crowded. Every time I go home from my company or leave home for my company, I have to accept such a hard experience though I have been used to it.
On a cold December morning in 2020, I boarded a bus with my four bags which were large. Luckily, there were two empty seats left. About one hour later, a well-dressed young guy got on and took the seat next to mine. I was cautious. I would often come across guys who were eager to talk to a girl travelling on her own. So I was not surprised when he spoke up.
“Where are you going?” he asked.
“Rampur Bushehr,” I replied briefly and put on my earphones to enjoy some music or to avoid talking with him. He did not bother me after that as if he had known my idea.
It started to rain and cold water was dropping through the roof right on to my lap. Seeing that, the guy emptied a plastic shopping bag full of clothes, which he pushed into his travel bag. He then handed me the plastic bag. I accepted it with a sheepish (困窘的) “thanks” before spreading it on my lap.
Minutes later, the bus broke down! The conductor announced we would have to move to another bus that would reach us shortly, and that there would be no more buses after that, since there had been heavy snowfalls. All the passengers of the bus got off and stood on the side of the road, ready to rush into the next bus. The conductor unwillingly helped me get off the bus with my luggage and I too waited with other passengers.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When the bus finally arrived, it had many passengers already.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As the bus left for my hometown, I looked around for the guy.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When the bus finally arrived, it had many passengers already. It seemed there wasn’t enough space for me, let alone my four bags. Seeing that, that young guy came to me, “Don’t worry, I’ll help you get on it.” As a stranger, he behaved too enthusiastically, which made me felt awkward, but I was curious about how he could make it. When the door opened, the guy rushed into the bus. Through the window, I saw he talked to the driver and pointed at me. After a while, the driver asked the crowd to make a path. I didn’t realize it was for me until everyone looked at me. Someone even helped to carry my luggage. It was really crowded on the bus, but at least I got on it.
As the bus left for my hometown, I looked around for the guy. He did me such a favor and I should say thanks to him, but not sheepish this time. However, reminded by another passenger, I found that he was on the side of the road, waving goodbye to me. I came to the window and shouted to him, “What’s your name?” The guy smiled but didn’t reply. The bus bumped its way slowly down the road, while his figure gradually faded away and my heart couldn’t be calm for a long time. We do have to accept hard experiences sometimes, but still can expect kindness and warmth.
【解析】
【导语】本文以乘公交车为场景展开，时间回溯到2020年十二月份的一个早上，作者带着四大包行李搭上公交车，遇到一个陌生男子的搭讪和帮助，而此时车子突然抛锚了，售票员让乘客们下车等下一趟。
【详解】1. 段落续写：

①由第一段首句内容“当公交车终于到了时，车上已经有很多乘客了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在年轻男子的帮助下设法坐上了车。
②由第二段首句内容“公交车向着我的家乡进发时，我环顾四周寻找那个人。”可知，第二段可描作者发现年轻男子并没有上车，在作者想要知道他的名字时，男子只是微笑着看着公交车缓缓驶离。
2. 续写线索：公交车拥挤——男子帮忙求助司机——成功上车——寻找男子——男子未上车——心怀感激
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
①冲进：rush into/run into
②寻找：look for/search for/seek
情绪类：
①平静的：calm/peaceful
②尴尬的：awkward/embarrassed
【点睛】[高分句型1] When the door opened, the guy rushed into the bus.(运用了when引导时间状语从句)

[高分句型2] I didn’t realize it was for me until everyone looked at me. (运用了until引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型3] The bus bumped its way slowly down the road, while his figure gradually faded away and my heart couldn’t be calm for a long time.(运用了while引导时间状语从句)
听力答案:1-5. C C A A B 6-10. B C B C A 11-15. A C B B C 16-20. A C B C B