高中英语高考 2021届高三大题优练8 完形填空 夹叙夹议文 学生版
展开完形填空之夹叙夹议文
大题优练8
优选例题
A
【2021·浙江卷1月】
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 1 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I 2 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 3 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of 4 , my worries had gone. Everyone was so 5 and like-minded that it was very 6 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 7 . We had to 8 everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 9 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 10 a stairway out of rock. This 11 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited(栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never 12 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 13 of knowing that my 14 will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 15 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 16 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 17 part of my tent.
18 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 19 . I think I am much 20 for having taken part in the project.
1. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
2. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
3. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited
4. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking
5. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
6. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy
7. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course
8. A. drop B. make C. carry D. buy
9. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick
10. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard
11. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant
12. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed
13. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention
14. A. work B. memory C. record D. story
15. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated
16. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing
17. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft
18. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either ease
19. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered
20. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier
【答案】1-5 DDCAB 6-10 DBCCA 11-15 DCAAB 16-20 DBCAB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询志愿者招聘信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会,虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水,为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难,仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
1.考查动词词义辨析。A. calculate:计算;B. negotiate:协商;C. advertise:登广告;D. research:研究。根据空格前句可知,作者在网上找做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:三个月后,我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined:想象;B. introduced:介绍;C. enjoyed:喜欢;D. found:发现。作者之前还在网上查阅志愿者招聘的信息,三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月,我很害怕。A. annoyed:烦恼的;B. surprised:惊讶的;C. scared:害怕的;D. excited:兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had gone”可知作者一开始很担忧。故选C项。
4.考查动词词义辨析。A. arriving:到达;B. sleeping:睡觉;C. thinking:思考;D. walking:行走。根据feel at home得知到达目的地不久,作者就不担心了。故选A项。
5.考查形容词词义辨析。A. confident:自信的;B. friendly:友好的;C. energetic:活力的;D. curious:好奇的。根据后文like-minded可推断,作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
6.考查形容词词义辨析。A. funny:搞笑的;B. good:好的;C. lucky:幸运的;D. easy:容易的。根据like-minded和feel at home可知大家都很友好并且志趣相投,让作者很容易感觉到宾至如归。故选D项。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour:游览;B. project:项目;C. campaign:活动;D. course:课程。根据文章最后“for having taken part in the project”可知,这是在说当志愿者的项目,原词复现。故选B项。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop:掉下;B. make:制作;C. carry:携带;D. buy:购买。根据下文with a heavy pack可知,作者他们要带上必需品走。故选C项。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:可能看起来不远,但是在35度高温下,背着沉重的物品,我的腿像是着了火。A. nice:好的;B. safe:安全的;C. long:长的;D. quick:快的。根据前文walk three miles可知,作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build:建造;B. test:测试;C. clean:清洁;D. guard:保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知,作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。
11.考查动词词义辨析。A. helped:帮助;B. ended:结束;C. allowed:允许;D. meant:意味。根据climbing up and down可知,台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。
12.考查动词词义辨析。A. hunted:捕猎;B. trained:训练;C. seen:看到;D. fed:喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知,作者以前没有见过。故选C项。
13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上,我的满足感是巨大的。A. satisfaction:满意;B. ambition:雄心;C. expectation:期待;D. intention:意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知,修的台阶成型了,作者很有满足感。故选A项。
14.考查名词词义辨析。A. work:工作,作品;B. memory:回忆;C. record:记录;D. story:故事。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知,修台阶是作者的工作。故选A项。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是在最后一晚,我们被困在雷暴雨中。A. left:离开;B. caught:捉住,陷入;C. attacked:袭击;D. separated:分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知,作者他们被困在雷暴雨中。故选B项。
16.考查形容词短语词义辨析。A. boiling:煮沸的的;B. average:平均的;C. normal:正常的;D. freezing:冰冻的。根据下文trembling得知温度很低。故选D项。
17.考查形容词词义辨析。A. tidy:干净的;B. dry:干的;C. new:新的;D. soft:软的。根据上文的thunderstorm和后文的part of my tent可知,帐篷里进了水,作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
18.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way:顺便问一下;B. Regardless of that:尽管这样;C. Needless to say:不用说;D. In either case:在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知,作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
19.考查动词词义辨析。A. survived:生存;B. resisted:反抗;C. escaped:逃离,抓牢;D. recovered:恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there”可知,作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来,挺过去。故选A项。
20.考查形容词辨析。句意:我认为因为参加这个项目我更坚强了。A. smarter:更聪明的;B. stronger:更强壮的;C. happier:更快乐的;D. busier:更忙碌的。根据空格前一句可知作者感觉这一段经历让他更坚强。故选B项。
B
【2021·天津卷】
Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant 21 — loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be 22 in a clever way. The 23 ? Chat benches.
Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her 24 . The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who 25 made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about £31,000 . Jones was 26 when she said that she didn’t actually 27 being cheated. “Otherwise, I would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.
This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely 28 people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he 29 to do something about it. He 30 the police department to allow him to 31 a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that 32 : “HAPPY TO CHAT”. Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 33 conversations.
The idea is catching on 34 . There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n) 35 outcome from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully 36 — the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help 37 the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.
This effort is not just a(n) 38 at being community minded — it’s also a 39 measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.
The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that 40 those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future.
21. A. choice B. discovery C. visit D. promise
22. A. experienced B. suffered C. prevented D. felt
23. A. solution B. puzzle C. excuse D. intention
24. A. pleasure B. prize C. credit D. money
25. A. eventually B. frequently C. previously D. occasionally
26. A. ashamed B. shocked C. excited D. amused
27. A. mind B. forgive C. risk D. enjoy
28. A. active B. lonely C. cautious D. stubborn
29. A. learned B. refused C. pretended D. decided
30. A. forced B. ordered C. convinced D. taught
31. A. put away B. make out C. tear apart D. set up
32. A. read B. claimed C. meant D. implied
33. A. formal B. joyful C. awkward D. crazy
34. A. randomly B. slowly C. quickly D. purposefully
35. A. positive B. disappointing C. correct D. embarrassing
36. A. realized B. examined C. discussed D. formed
37. A. break down B. put up C. keep off D. take out
38. A. glance B. attempt C. knock D. attack
39. A. heart-breaking B. risk-taking C. face-saving D. crime-cutting
40. A. forbids B. appoints C. encourages D. troubles
【答案】21-25 BCADA 26-30 BABDC 31-35 DABCA 36-40 AABDC
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了艾什莉·琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。他最近有了一项重大发现:孤独是一个严重的社会问题,它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪,但它可以用一个聪明的办法加以阻止。
21.考查名词词义辨析。A. choice:选择;B. discovery:发现;C. visit:参观;D. promise:许诺。后面说孤独是一个严重的社会问题,它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪,但它可以用一个聪明的办法加以阻止。这应该是一项重大的发现。故选B。
22.考查动词词义辨析。A. experienced:经历;B. suffered:遭受;C. prevented:阻止;D. felt:感觉。根据下文Chat benches可知对于这一社会问题,有阻止的方法。故选C。
23.考查名词词义辨析。A. solution:解决方案;B. puzzle:谜;C. excuse:借口;D. intention:目的。根据下文的回答Chat benches可知这里是询问解决方案是什么”。故选A。
24.考查名词词义辨析。句意:琼斯是在与一位被骗了钱的老妇人交谈后产生这个想法的。A. pleasure:快乐;B. prize:奖品;C. credit:信用;D. money:钱。根据下文“and then she lent him about £31,000”可知这位老妇人被骗了钱。故选D。
25.考查副词词义辨析。A. eventually:最后;B. frequently:频繁地;C. previously:先前;D. occasionally:偶尔。下文说这位老妇人借给了这个陌生人大约3.1万英镑,由此可知,他最后让她相信了他是她的朋友。故选A。
26.考查形容词词义辨析。A. ashamed:羞愧的;B. shocked:震惊的;C. excited:兴奋的;D. amused:愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑,一个人被骗了很多钱,她一定会很生气。然而,这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选B。
27.考查动词词义辨析。A. mind:介意;B. forgive:原谅;C. risk:冒险;D. enjoy:享受。根据后面老妇人说的话可知她并不介意被骗。故选A。
28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使琼斯得出结论,在他的社区中有太多极度孤独的人,他们很容易成为欺骗的目标。A. active:积极的;B. lonely:孤独的;C. cautious:小心的; D. stubborn:顽固的。结合下文,琼斯创建了“聊天长椅”项目,可知在他的社区中,有很多极度孤独的人。故选B。
29.考查动词词义辨析。A. learned:学习;B. refused:拒绝;C. pretended:假装;D. decided:决定。下文描述了琼斯采取的实际行动,可知此处指琼斯决定做点什么。故选D。
30.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立几个“聊天长椅”。A. forced:强迫;B. ordered:命令;C. convinced:说服;D. taught:教。下文说他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”,由此可知,他是说服了警察局。故选C。
31.考查动词短语辨析。A. put away:放好;B. make out:辨认出;C. tear apart:把……弄乱;D. set up:设立。根据后面“a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.”可知是在当地的两个公园里设立几个“聊天长椅”。故选D。
32.考查动词词义辨析。A. read:写着;B. claimed:宣称;C. meant:意味;D. implied:暗示。根据“HAPPY TO CHAT”可知这是牌子上写的内容,应用动词read,故选A。
33.考查形容词词义辨析。A. formal:正式的;B. joyful:愉快的;C. awkward:尴尬的;D. crazy:疯狂的。下文说琼斯的想法已经完全实现了,结合琼斯创建“聊天长椅”的初衷以及牌子上所写的内容,可知人们是坐在那里,进行着积极愉快的交谈。故选B。
34.考查副词词义辨析。A. randomly:随便地;B. slowly:缓慢地;C. quickly:很快地;D. purposefully:有目的地。根据“There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England.”可知这个想法很快就流行起来了。故选C。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。A. positive:积极的;B. disappointing:令人失望的;C. correct:正确的;D. embarrassing:使人尴尬的。根据后面一句知琼斯的想法已经完全实现了,“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。因此,推断出所有参与的人都从中获益了。故选A。
36.考查动词词义辨析。A. realized:实现;B. examined:检查;C. discussed:讨论;D. formed:形成。下文说“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。由此可知,琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。故选A。
37.考查动词短语辨析。A. break down:打破;B. put up:提供;C. keep off:不接近;D. take out:取出。上文说所有参与的人都从中获益了。由此可知,“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。故选A。
38.考查名词词义辨析。A. glance:一瞥;B. attempt:尝试;C. knock:敲打;D. attack:攻击。琼斯创建的“聊天长椅”是一个新颖且有趣的尝试。故选B。
39.考查形容词词义辨析。A. heart-breaking:令人心碎的;B. risk-taking:冒险的;C face-saving:顾全面子的;D. crime-cutting:减少犯罪的。根据上文“loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes”以及那位被骗了钱的老妇人的悲惨经历,可知这有助于减少犯罪。故选D。
40.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“聊天长椅”是一个很好的新项目,它鼓励所有年龄段的人相互交流和了解。A. forbids:禁止;B. appoints:任命;C. encourages:鼓励;D. troubles:麻烦。根据The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project以及上文“聊天长椅”所产生的积极效果,可知选C。
模拟优练
A
I started playing the trumpet(小号) at 42. Learning new skills as an adult is 1 and more fun than you think.
Last February, I sat in a room with about 10 other people, all under age 12, waiting to take my 2 trumpet lesson. Learning to play was something I had 3 for years. But it wasn’t 4 my husband gave me a trumpet as a birthday gift that I got the final 5 to give it a try.
I had 6 mastered a musical instrument before and there I was at 42, learning with a group of 7 , mini Mozarts in my eyes. I was 8 and thrilled by the idea of starting something new.
As adults, we’re 9 to go outside of our comfort zones. We may 10 looking foolish or making mistakes. However, there are 11 to be an adult learner. If you’ve chosen to explore a hobby, it’s because you 12 want to. Thus you’re 13 to learn. Another 14 thing is that you have more time and opportunity to try new things. Besides, keeping at hobbies makes us happier and could also make us more adaptable to the 15 in life.
Here’s 16 my hobby works for me: I now take trumpet lessons once a week; when I started in February, I 17 my son that I’d learn to play “Happy Birthday” for him when he turned three in May. By doing this I gave myself a 18 and a deadline; and I even joined in an online summer performance.
It has been years since I tried the hobby in which I had no background, no connections, no basic 19 . I was curious to see if I could stick to it. As it 20 , I made it. So can anyone.
1. A. fresher B. clearer C. wiser D. easier
2. A. next B. final C. first D. private
3. A. put up with B. talked about C. insisted on D. made up for
4. A. before B. because C. until D. that
5. A. push B. ability C. method D. goal
6. A. also B. never C. almost D. already
7. A. musicians B. seniors C. adults D. kids
8. A. nervous B. ready C. confident D. amused
9. A. unlikely B. unwilling C. regretted D. forbidden
10. A. admit B. stop C. fear D. imagine
11. A. tips B. skills C. advantages D. answers
12. A. hardly B. mainly C. nearly D. truly
13. A. motivated B. forced C. intended D. expected
14. A. necessary B. strange C. possible D. wonderful
15. A. rules B. changes C. customs D. truths
16. A. when B. why C. how D. where
17. A. promised B. reminded C. taught D. encouraged
18. A. hope B. reason C. belief D. goal
19. A. knowledge B. equipment C. source D. fortune
20. A. came up B. turned out C. showed up D. went out
B
I learned about life from an ant farm. When I was seven years old, my family 21 an ant farm at home. First, we put clean sand in a thin glass box, and then we brought some ants from the backyard and placed them into the 22 home.
Shortly after the new 23 were dropped into the glass structure, they got to work making tunnels. I was amazed that each one knew 24 what to do. After hours of staring, I realized that the ants had particular given jobs. With my mom’s help, I kept a journal of what happened each day and 25 the ants. My favorite was the biggest, Cinderella. I drew a picture of her in my journal, which I still have.
On day five a disaster 26 the ant farm. While I was observing the ants, I had put my face so close to the structure that I accidentally 27 it over. Unfortunately, my carelessness caused all the tunnels to 28 . Although the ants 29 their earthquake, one by one they began to die. I was 30 as I watched them give up their tunnel-building to carry the bodies to a corner of the farm. My mother reported that the ants were actually dying of “frustration” — feeling annoyed and disappointed as they couldn’t control the situation. They simply could not 31 the reality that their tunnels had been destroyed. Cinderella was the last to die; she did so while carrying a dead ant on her back.
Although much time has passed, I still think of that ant farm. Mom had hoped it would teach me about the natural world, 32 it taught me much more. 33 the years, I came to realize the ants were a study in the benefits of 34 . Working together, they were able to create a(n) 35 world for themselves. I also learned that they should be 36 for their hard work. Day in and day out, each labored at their task. The ant farm demonstrated that teamwork and perseverance are indeed two key 37 for success. But there was an even larger lesson that I did not 38 until recently: Disaster is a natural part of life, and must be 39 . Unlike the ants, humans cannot give up when they face 40 . Unlike the ants, we have to realize that if a tunnel comes down, we just have to build another.
21. A. created B. bought C. ran D. laid
22. A. empty B. new C. strange D. distant
23. A. guests B. settlers C. friends D. members
24. A. precisely B. roughly C. probably D. normally
25. A. compared B. trained C. named D. measured
26. A. affected B. struck C. kicked D. beat
27. A. split B. took C. tipped D. handed
28. A. rush out B. break in C. cave in D. drop out
29. A. experienced B. predicted C. faced D. survived
30. A. astonished B. annoyed C. moved D. thrilled
31. A. reflect B. ignore C. confirm D. stand
32. A. but B. and C. so D. or
33. A. In B. For C. From D. Over
34. A. devotion B. teamwork C. responsibility D. organization
35. A. relaxing B. amusing C. moving D. amazing
36. A. supported B. admired C. inspired D. admitted
37. A. solutions B. approaches C. recipes D. circumstances
38. A. give B. take C. realize D. adopt
39. A. accepted B. suffered C. escaped D. managed
40. A. challenges B. barriers C. pressure D. disappointment
答案解析
A
【答案】1-5 ACBCA 6-10 BDABC 11-15 CDDDB 16-20 CADAB
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者作为一名成年人学习小号的经历。
1.考查形容词。句意:学习新技能对成年人来说比你想的更新鲜有趣。A. fresher:更新鲜的;B. clearer:更清楚的;C. wiser:更明智的;D. easier:更容易的。根据下文more fun可知,此处是与fun意思相近的词,结合是学习新技能,因此推断是更新鲜。故选A。
2.考查形容词。A. next:下一个;B. final:最后的;C. first:第一个;D. private:私人的。根据下文可知,作者是在去年二月的时候才开始学习小号课程,这是她的第一节小号课。故选C。
3.考查动词短语。A. put up with:忍耐;B. talked about:谈论;C. insisted on:坚持;D. made up for:弥补。根据下文“my husband gave me a trumpet as a birthday gift”和to give it a try可推断,作者之前并未学习过小号,只是一直在谈论它,直到丈夫送个作者小号才让她决定尝试。故选B。
4.考查连词。A. before:在……之前;B. because:因为;C. until:直到;D. that:那个。分析句子可知,此处是not until的强调句型,表示“直到……才”,此处指直到作者的丈夫送给作者一个小号作为生日礼物,才推动了作者最终做出尝试的决心。故选C。
5.考查名词。A. push:督促;推动;B. ability:能力;C. method:方法;D. goal:目标。根据give it a try可知,丈夫送给作者的小号促使作者要尝试一下。故选A。
6.考查副词。A. also:也;B. never:从不;C. almost:几乎;差不多;D. already:已经。根据本段最后一句“by the idea of starting something new”可知,作者之前没有学习过乐器。故选B。
7.考查名词。A. musicians:音乐家;B. seniors:毕业班学生;C. adults:成人;D. kids:孩子。根据前文“Last February, I sat in a room with about 10 other people, all under age 12”以及后文mini Mozarts可知作者是与一群孩子一起学习小号。故选D。
8.考查形容词。A. nervous:紧张的;B. ready:准备好的;C. confident:自信的;D. amused:愉快的。作者从未学习过小号,而且跟一群她认为有天赋的孩子一起学习,心情应该是紧张的。故选A。
9.考查形容词。句意:作为成年人,我们不愿意走出自己的舒适区。A. unlikely:不可能的;B. unwilling:不愿意的;C. regretted:遗憾;D. forbidden:禁止。根据后面一句可知,成年人害怕被认为愚蠢或犯错,他们不愿意走出自己的舒适区。故选B。
10.考查动词词义辨析。A. admit:承认;B. stop:停止;C. fear:害怕;D. imagine:想象。根据前面一句并结合常识可推断,成年人不愿意走出舒适区,他们害怕看起来愚蠢或犯错。故选C。
11.考查名词词义辨析。A. tips:建议;B. skills:技能;C. advantages:优势;好处;D. answers:答案。根据本段后面内容可知此处是指,作为一名成年学习者有很多优势。故选C。
12.考查副词词义辨析。A. hardly:几乎不;B. mainly:主要的;C. nearly:几乎;D. truly:真正。前面说作为一名成年人,学习有优势,因此此处是说,如果你选择开始一个爱好,是因为你真的想要。故选D。
13.考查动词词义辨析。A. motivated:激发;B. forced:迫使;C. intended:打算;D. expected:期待。真正想要学习的东西会期待学习。故选D。
14.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:另一件美好的事情是你有更多的时间和机会去尝试新事物。A. necessary:必要的;B. strange:奇怪的;C. possible:可能的;D. wonderful:精彩的。上文讲述了一个优势,此处为另一个优势,故wonderful符合语境,有足够的时间和机会去尝试新的东西是一件非常棒的事情。故选D。
15.考查名词词义辨析。A. rules:规则;B. changes:变化;C. customs:习俗;D. truths:事实。此处是指坚持爱好会让我们更加开心,也会让我们更加适应生活中的变化。故选B。
16.考查连词词义辨析。A. when:当……时候;B. why:为什么;C. how:如何;D. where:在哪里。根据下文内容“I now take trumpet lessons once a week”可知本段简述了作者的爱好是如何影响她的。故选C。
17.考查动词词义辨析。A. promised:许诺;B. reminded:提醒;C. taught:教授;D. encouraged:鼓励。作者会在儿子三岁时为他演奏“生日快乐”歌,这是作者向儿子许下的承诺。故选A。
18.考查动词词义辨析。A. hope:希望;B. reason:原因;C. belief:信仰;D. goal:目标。作者向儿子许下了承诺,即给了自己一个目标。故选D。
19.考查名词词义辨析。A. knowledge:知识;B. equipment:设备;C. source:来源;D. fortune:运气。根据前文“I had 6 mastered a musical instrument before”可知,作者在小号方面没有任何基础知识。故选A。
20.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:结果证明,我成功了。A. came up:被提出;B. turned out:结果是;证明是;C. showed up:出现;D. went out:出去。空格前句说作者好奇自己能否坚持,空格后讲作者做到了,as it turned out(结果证明)符合语境。故选B。
B
【答案】21-25 ABBAC 26-30 BCCDA 31-35 DADBD 39-40 BCCAD
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了作者建造蚂蚁农场的经历和从中学到的经验教训。
21.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我七岁的时候,我的家人在家里创建了一个蚂蚁农场。A. created:创建;B. bought:买;C. ran:经营;D. laid:放置。根据后面一句可知是创建了一个蚂蚁农场。故选A。
22.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:首先,我们把干净的沙子放在一个薄薄的玻璃盒子里,然后从后院弄来一些蚂蚁,把它们放进新家里。A. empty:空的;B. new:新的;C. strange:奇怪的;D. distant:遥远的。根据上文“we put clean sand in a thin glass box”可知,“我”的家人在家里创建了一个蚂蚁农场,可知是新家,故选B。
23.考查名词词义辨析。A. guests:客人;B. settlers:移民;C. friends:朋友;D. members:成员。上文说把蚂蚁带到新家,所以应该是新的移民,为拟人的手法,故选B。
24.考查副词词义辨析。A. precisely:清晰地;B. roughly:大致上;C. probably:可能地;D. normally:正常地。根据下文“After hours of staring, I realized that the ants had particular given jobs”可知这里是指他们都清楚地知道要做什么,故选A。
25.考查动词词义辨析。A. compared:对比;B. trained:训练;C. named:命名;D. measured:测量。根据下文“My favorite was the biggest, Cinderella.”可知,我“”给蚂蚁取了名字,故选C。
26.考查动词词义辨析。A. affected:影响;B. struck:袭击;C. kicked:踢;D. beat:打败。根据a disaster可知是灾难袭击了蚂蚁农场,故选B。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在我观察蚂蚁的时候,我把脸贴得太近了,一不小心把它弄翻了。A. split:分裂;B. took:拿走;C. tipped:使倾斜;D. handed:传递。短语tip over:使翻倒,根据上文说一场灾难袭击了蚂蚁农场,所以这里应该是把它弄翻了,故选C。
28.考查动词词组辨析。A. rush out:冲出;B. break in:闯入;C. cave in:塌陷;D. drop out:脱离。根据下文“They simply could not 31 the reality that their tunnels had been destroyed.”可知它们的隧道被毁了,由此推断是隧道塌陷了,故选C。
29.考查动词词义辨析。A. experienced:经历;B. predicted:预测;C. faced:面对;D. survived:幸存。根据上文说蚂蚁幸存下来,下文又说一个接一个地死去,前后互为转折关系,可知应该是幸存,故选D。
30.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我看着他们放弃挖地道而把尸体搬到农场的一个角落时,我惊呆了。A. astonished:惊讶的;B. annoyed:烦人的;C. moved:感动的;D. thrilled:兴奋的。根据后面可知,“我”看到蚂蚁放弃挖地道而把尸体搬到农场的一个角落时,应该是感到惊讶,故选A。
31.考查动词词义辨析。A. reflect:反应;B. ignore:忽视;C. confirm:确认;D. stand:忍受。根据空前一句可知,他们是无法忍受隧道被毁的事实,故选D。
32.考查连词词义辨析。句意:妈妈希望它能教会我关于自然界的知识,但它教会了我更多。A. but:但是;B. and:并且;C. so:因此;D. or:或者。分析可知,前后两句互为转折关系,故选A。
33.考查介词词义辨析。句意:多年来,我意识到蚂蚁是团队合作的典范。A. In:在……以内;B. For:关于;C. From:从;D. Over:在……期间。根据语境可知作者长大后意识到这一点,应该是这么多年。Over the years:这么多年,In the years:在几年之内,一般和将来时连用,For the year一般和完成时连用,故选D。
34.考查名词词义辨析。A. devotion:献身;B. teamwork:团队合作;C. responsibility:责任;D. organization:组织。根据空后一句可知此处是指蚂蚁是团队合作的典范,故选B。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。A. relaxing:令人放松的;B. amusing:有趣的;C. moving:感人的;D. amazing:奇妙的。根据上文可知可知他们的团队合作能力很强,应该是创造了一个奇妙的世界,故选D。
36.考查动词词义辨析。A. supported:支持;B. admired:敬佩;C. inspired:鼓舞;D. admitted:承认。根据空后一句可知他们的勤奋工作让人敬佩,故选B。
37.考查名词词义辨析。A. solutions:解决办法;B. approaches:方法;C. recipes:秘诀;D. circumstances:境况。根据常识推断,团队合作和坚持不懈应该是成功的关键秘诀,故选C。
38.考查动词词义辨析。A. give:给;B. take:拿走;C. realize:意识到;D. adopt:采用。根据后面的until recently可知是直到最近才意识到这个重要的教训,故选C。
39.考查动词词义辨析。A. accepted:接受;B. suffered:遭受;C. escaped:逃离;D. managed:管理。根据上文可知,灾难是人生的一个组成部分,逃避不了,所以必须接受,故选A。
40.考查名词词义辨析。句意:与蚂蚁不同,人在失望时不会放弃。A. challenges:挑战;B. barriers:障碍;C. pressure:压力;D. disappointment:失望。根据前文“feeling annoyed and disappointed as they couldn’t control the situation”可知,蚂蚁在不能控制情势时会失望和恼怒地放弃生命,而人与蚂蚁不同,面对失望不会放弃,故选D。
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