2022-2023学年江苏省常州高级中学高三下学期入学检测英语试题

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省常州高级中学高三下学期入学检测英语试题，共10页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年高三下期入学测试 英语试题
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2．5分，满分37．5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Choosing a university
Kazumi
    My main reason for coming here was the Human Rights course． When I was at school I couldn't decide whether I wanted to be a doctor or a lawyer, but having decided to be a lawyer, I then had to choose which first degree I should take before starting law school in another city． I've always wanted to help people and I figured that taking Human Rights would allow me to learn about how I can make a real difference in the world．
Vladimir
    I love maths． I was torn between two possibilities: I could become an engineer and apply maths at a practical level． Or I could become a maths teacher． I needn't have worried because in the end I didn't have to choose! I got everything I wanted thanks to my university, which will qualify me to be a high school teacher while gaining a general engineering degree at the same time．
Osvaldo
    One of the reasons I chose this university was because of the effort that they put into organizing the open day． The lecturers and current students provide an enthusiastic overview of their courses and of life in the city． This was in contrast to other universities I visited, which just let their reputation do the talking． Although I chose not to live on campus, the rooms there seemed comfortable and very reasonably priced．
Maria
    When the time came to select the university, I had three possibilities, but I still could not decide． So it was time to schedule campus tours． They all had their advantages, but this place instantly appealed to me． As soon as I arrived, I was struck by the smiles everyone gave me． What I value most here is the feeling that I am part of a supportive community．
1．Who can obtain a double qualification from his or her university?
A．Kazumi B．Maria C．Osvaldo D．Vladimir
2．Why did Osvaldo choose his university?
A．He found the courses affordable．
B．His university offered excellent accommodation．
C．He was won over by the university's reputation．
D．His university sold itself more convincingly．
3．What do we know about Maria?
A．She takes great interest in community service．
B．She made her choice from the very beginning．
C．She feels a sense of belonging at her university．
D．She was hoping to pass on knowledge to others．
B
Accompanied by her father, using a combination of aid and free climbing and taking advantage of some special equipment and ropes for protection, 10-year-old Selah made it to the top of El Capitan on June 12 after five days of big wall climbing．
    Climbing the challenging and adventurous Nose route of El Capitan was a labor of love for Selah in more than one way． Her parents, Mike and Joy Schneiter, fell in love on this 3,000- plus-foot huge rock and she has always wanted to feel the way that her parents felt when they were up there together． Selah showed great interest in rock climbing at an early age． She wore her first rock-climbing equipment shortly after she learned to walk． She first dreamed of climbing El Capitan when she was 6 or 7．
    El Capitan is a famous mountain-sized rock in Yosemite National Park． Getting to its top is no easy task． It's taller, as reported, than the tallest building in the world-Dubai's Buri Khalifa． El Capitan and its difficult Nose route, which runs more than 3,000 feet high up the center of the rock's face, is considered one of the world's hardest big wall climbs and has attracted the best climbers over time． But never before had a youngster accomplished it．
    Selah's achievement caught national attention． Outside Magazine called her the youngest documented person to climb the Nose． Ken Yager, president of the Yosemite Climbing Association, said he also couldn't think of anyone younger who has done it．
    Selah is humble about her El Capitan accomplishment． "I'm not necessarily a special kid or anything like that", she said． "There were a few times when I would be so worn that it would kind of discourage me from holding on． But overall, it was just great to keep plugging away．"
    Selah shared this advice for other young climbers dreaming of big walls, "It doesn't take necessarily a super special person to do something like that． You just have to put your mind to it．"
4．What do we learn about Selah climbing El Capitan?
A．She began her climbing on June 5． B．She got inspired by her family history．
C．She managed without any external help． D．She was the first female to reach the top．
5．What is the purpose of paragraph 3?
A．To state El Capitan's height． B．To prove El Capitan's popularity．
C．To introduce El Capitan's location． D．To stress the challenge of climbing El Capitan．
6．Which of the following best describes Selah?
A．Determined． B．Generous． C．Warm-hearted． D．Fortunate．
7．What may be Selah's advice for other young climbers?
A．Dream big and aim high． B．Be committed to your ambition．
C．Chance favors the prepared mind． D．Nothing is impossible for a genius．
C
Not long after the first fitness magazine was published, a list probably followed soon after, ranking the best fitness equipment． This tradition has continued, with the implied message: use this and exercise will be yours．
    And that's part of the problem, says Dr． Lieberman, a professor of Harvard University． There isn't one "best" anything to achieve fitness． Besides, people understand exercise is good for them． Knowledge about exercise still doesn't motivate．
    Before you can answer why, it helps to look at history． Before the Industrial Revolution, people fetched water and walked up stairs because they had to． But then technology made life and work easier． Exercise has become something that people have to carve out time for． "It's a fundamental instinct(本能) to avoid physical activity when it's neither necessary nor rewarding," he says．
    It would seem like being healthy would qualify as necessary, but a doctor's prescription to exercise "can make it like taking cod liver oil(鱼肝油)," Lieberman says． "Sometimes it works, but more often than not, it doesn't．" And it's still coming across as an order, and "not having a heart attack in five years is not an immediate reward," says Dr． Beth Frates, assistant professor at Harvard Medical School．
    People might not want to exercise because it's never been enjoyable． Most of us probably have memories of gym class, not being picked for a team, or being in a fitness center that's filled with in-shape people． The majority don't feel excited． They feel that exercise isn't for them, but it can be． Coaching people in an empowering and motivating way can work much better than ordering someone to exercise． It starts with an expanded definition of what counts as exercise, and an injection(注入) of what's rarely used to describe exercise, but is certainly allowed: namely, fun．
8．What does the underlined "this" in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．The magazine． B．The tradition．
C．The equipment． D．The message．
9．What can we infer about technology?
A．It improves life quality． B．It saves people's time．
C．It drives social progress． D．It makes exercise less likely．
10．Why does the author mention "cod liver oil" in paragraph 4?
A．To attach importance to health． B．To present a doctor's prescription．
C．To explain exercise is considered inessential．D．To introduce the latest medical application．
11．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．Exercise should be made more joyful． B．It's more fun to work out with others．
C．We may encounter bad workout experiences．D．Orders work well to motivate people to exercise．
D
This year researchers expect the world to snap 1．35 trillion photographs, or about 3．7 billion per day． All those pixels(像素) take up a lot of room if they are stored on personal computers or phones, which is one reason why many people store their images in the cloud． But unlike a hard drive, which can be encrypted to protect its data, cloud storage users have to trust that a tech platform will keep their private pictures safe． Now a team of Columbia University computer scientists has developed a tool to encrypt(加密) images stored on many popular cloud services while allowing authorized users to browse and display their photographs as usual．
    Malicious(恶意的) attempts to access or leak cloud-based photographs can expose personal information． In November 2019, for example, a bug in the popular photograph storage app Google Photos mistakenly shared some users' private videos with strangers． Security experts also worry about employees at cloud storage companies on purpose accessing users' images．
    So the Columbia researchers came up with a system called Easy Secure Photos(ESP), which they presented at a recent conference． "We wanted to see if we could make it possible to encrypt data while using existing services," says computer scientist Jason Nieh, one of the developers of ESP． "Everyone wants to stay with Google Photos and not have to register on a new encrypted-image cloud storage service．"
    To overcome this problem, they created a tool that preserves blocks of pixels but moves them around to effectively hide the photograph． First, ESP's algorithm(算法) divides a photograph into three separate files, each one containing the image's red, green or blue color data． Then the system hides the pixel blocks around among these three files (allowing a block from the red file, for instance, to hide out in the green or blue ones)． But the program does nothing within the pixel blocks, where all the image processing happens． As a result, the files remain unchanged images but end up looking like grainy black-and-white ones to anyone who accesses them without the decryption(解密) key．
12．What's probably the main purpose for people to store images in the cloud?
A．To save storage room． B．To make photos beautiful．
C．To try a new storage way． D．To keep their privacy safe．
13．Why might employees in cloud storage companies be distrusted by experts?
A．They sell users' passwords． B．They have invented new tools．
C．They often let out personal information． D．They may steal a glance at users' images．
14．What's the advantage of ESP?
A．It can provide clear images． B．It can decrease the upload time．
C．It can classify images automatically． D．It can encrypt data on the original platform．
15．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A．Method of decryption． B．Image-processing technique．
C．Separate files of images． D．Data analysis of colors．
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
   Do you find it easy to start books but struggle to finish them? Does your TBR (to-be-read) list overwhelm you?
    This happened to me in February． I had 10 books on my currently-reading list． Despite this, I was tempted to start a new book every three to four days． 16_____． But this time, I figured the problem is with me and not with the books I am reading． With so many half-read books waiting to be finished, I was overwhelmed．
    17_____． For this, I systematically created a framework that allowed me to finish 4 of these books in 10 days． Mind you, I did this with a 9-hour day job and some writing on the side too．
    The first thing I did was declutter(清理​) my TBR list． 18_____． So I just picked books I wanted to finish and abandoned the rest． As hard as it seemed, dropping some books out of reading list actually created a much-needed space for me to focus on one book at a time and finish it．    
    Another way I tried is to avoid the SOS Trap． SOS refers to people repeatedly leaving their current pursuits for a newer pursuit． It is easy to get carried with SOS in reading too． You're reading a book, and you spot another one you're tempted to start reading． 19_____． To escape the reader's SOS trap, I committed to one book at a time before starting a new one．
    I also used James Altucher's day analysis technique to analyze my day． With the help of a data usage app, I figured out how much time I spent unnecessarily on the web． 20_____． By sticking to this routine, I finished a long-pending book in three days．
A． This is exactly how our reading list piles up
B． Starting March, I decided to get back on track
C． I cut some of this time and devoted it to reading
D． It helped me focus and progress more efficiently
E． The sight of too many books in the list was overwhelming
F． To start again, I searched the Internet for professional advice
G． Sometimes the book itself is so boring that it is difficult to finish it
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was always complaining about wind or rain． Although it was nothing unusual for the arrival of wind or rain, it caused inconvenience for me to go out, and sometimes it even created an awful atmosphere, so I    21    it strongly．
    On a rainy day a meteorologist(气象学家) I met was very    22    at my great anger caused by rain that made a little inconvenience for me．
He asked, "Have you ever seen typhoon? Do you know what would happen to the world if there were no typhoon?" I shook my head． I had no experience of how overwhelming it was when it    23    everything away in its way．
    "Well, let me tell you," the meteorologist said． "Without it the    24    of fresh water will be more serious, for it is a great    25    of water supply on earth． Without it, there would be a greater imbalance in the distribution of    26    ． The equatorial area that receives the most sunshine on earth    27    entirely on typhoon to disperse(驱散) heat． Without typhoon the tropics would be even    28    while the frigid zones much colder． As a result the temperate zones(温带) would    29    from the world．．．"
    Ignorance made me   30   ． I disliked wind only because it ruffled(吹乱) my hair． I hated rain merely because I had to carry an umbrella． But I had no idea at all that typhoon—something much more violent, something a thousand times more   31    than wind or rain—was a(n)   32    to the existence of mankind．
        33    no road on earth goes all the way on level ground, there's no person in the world who can do whatever he pleases． Wrong as it is for people to guard against typhoon, it is advisable for a man to stop to think for a moment before he complains． "   34    typhoon disappeared all together? What would the world become then?" The  35    will keep him calm and lead him closer to truth—he will be better aware of the world he lives in．
21．A．blamed     B．refused     C．fought     D．punished
22．A．excited     B．puzzled     C．delighted     D．encouraged
23．A．frightened     B．washed     C．swept     D．swung
24．A．supply     B．shortage     C．waste     D．amount
25．A．power     B．resource     C．source     D．strength
26．A．time     B．wealth     C．energy     D．warmth
27．A．moves     B．relies     C．keeps     D．holds
28．A．better     B．cooler     C．hotter     D．warmer
29．A．remove     B．escape     C．move     D．disappear
30．A．shortsighted     B．anxious     C．frightened     D．worried
31．A．frightening     B．appealing     C．disturbing     D．exciting
32．A．success     B．advantage     C．lead     D．must
33．A．As     B．Since     C．While     D．When
34．A．What about     B．How come     C．Even if     D．What if
35．A．answers     B．theories     C．complaints     D．phenomena
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More and more 36_____(ambition) parents in the world are signing their children up for Chinese classes． Keen for their children to succeed in life, they see 37_____(be) fluent in a second or third language as an advantage． In the USA, twice as many primary and middle school students took Chinese in 2017 38_____(compare) to 2015． In France, the number of students learning Chinese in the same age group 39_____(increase) by 400% between 2007 and 2017． And an estimated 100 million foreigners are now learning Chinese, up from 30 million in 2004．
    It is easy to understand 40_____ Chinese is becoming so popular． Learning Chinese may help people get more job opportunities． For example, there is China's Belt and Road Initiative, 41_____ motivates many countries along the Silk Road to cooperate more closely． It has created thousands of local jobs for people with 42_____ knowledge of Chinese． Another reason is that studying Chinese provides access 43_____ wonderful Chinese history and culture． Adam Turner, a school head teacher in the UK, cites this as one appealing aspect of the 44_____(recent) added Chinese course． "Learning Chinese helps them see life from a new perspective and 45_____(broad) their minds to the outside world," he explains．
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
推行垃圾分类，提倡低碳生活是全民活动，你班英语课堂将举行主题为"Let's Go Green Now"的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1. 倡导绿色生活的原因；
2. 实践途径(至少两点)。
注意：
1. 词数80左右(首尾已给出，不计入词数)；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Boys and girls,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Twenty years ago, Chase Poust was only 7． On Sunday morning just before the Memorial Day, he, his dad Steven, and his 4-year-old sister Abigail, were out for a family boating trip on Florida's St． Johns River． Chase and Abigail were swimming at the back of the anchored boat while Steven was on deck (甲板) fishing．
    It was a perfect outing—it was so peaceful and the colors of the deep blue sky, the light green river water and the mild late May sunshine mixed to create a magic scene． Off the shore lay quietly several cottages． Everything was sound until a strong current emerged and loosened Abigail's grasp and she let go of the boat． Instantly realizing his sister would be swept away, Chase let go of the boat as well to try and reach her． At the same time, Chase screamed at his father desperately．
    Without thinking twice, Steven jumped into the water and swam towards the two kids with all his efforts． But after realizing he couldn't keep up with both kids, he was faced with a heartbroken decision． He told them he loved them very much because he wasn't sure what's going to happen． Steven tried his best to stick with both of his children． He wore himself out． But his little daughter was washed away from him． Directing Chase to swim to shore for help, Steven stayed behind, keeping as close as he could to Abigail as the life-vest that was keeping her above the waves floated further and further from his reach．
    It was a tough go for the 7-year-old, but rather than attempting to swim all out, Chase wisely paced himself． Stopping to float or dog paddle when he was tired, he'd rest and then set off again． The current was going the opposite way of going to the boat and the shore, so it was very hard to swim that way for Chase．
注意：
    1． 续写词数应为150左右；
    2． 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
    An hour later, Chase swam to the shore, anyhow．
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
   Luckily, Steven and Abigail were found and rescued．
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
答案：1-3 DDC
解析：1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段I could become an engineer and apply maths at a practical level． Or I could become a maths teacher．(我可以成为一名工程师,在实践中应用数学,也可以成为一名数学老师)可知,Vladimir毕业时可以获得双学位,故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段One of the reasons I chose this university was because of the effort that they put into organizing the open day． The lecturers and current students provide an enthusiastic overview of their courses and of life in the city． This was in contrast to other universities I visited, which just let their reputation do the talking．(我选择这所大学的原因之一是因为他们努力组织开放日。讲师和现在的学生热情地概述了他们的课程和在城市的生活)可知,Osvaldo选择他的大学的原因是大学努力的推销和介绍自己,故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段As soon as I arrived, I was struck by the smiles everyone gave me． What I value most here is the feeling that I am part of a supportive community．(当我一到,我就被每个人给我的微笑所打动,我最看重的是我是这个社区的一员)可知,Maria在大学里非常有归属感,故选C。
答案：4-7 BDAB
解析：4．细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句话"Her parents , Mike and Joy Schneiter, fell in love on this 3,000- plus-foot huge rock and she has always wanted to feel the way that her parents felt when they were up there together．"(她的父母,迈克和乔伊•施耐特,在这块3000多英尺高的巨石上相爱,她一直想感受她的父母一起在那里时的感受。)可知,Selah从她的家族史中受到启发。故选B项。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段的最后两句"El Capitan and its difficult Nose route, which runs more than 3,000 feet high up the center of the rock's face, is considered one of the world's hardest big wall climbs and has attracted the best climbers over time． But never before had a youngster accomplished it．"(埃尔卡皮坦和它艰难的鼻子路线,在岩石表面的中心超过3000英尺高,被认为是世界上最难爬的高墙之一,长期以来吸引了最好的攀岩者。但在此之前,从来没有一个年轻人能做到这一点。)可知,攀登埃尔卡皮坦是十分艰难的。故选D项。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段的后两句"There were a few times when I would be so worn that it would kind of discourage me from holding on． But overall, it was just great to keep plugging away．"(有几次,我太疲惫了,以至于我都不敢坚持下去了。但总的来说,坚持下去是很棒的。)可知,Selah是下定决心的。故选A项。
7．推理判断题。根据文章最后两句"It doesn't take necessarily a super special person to do something like that． You just have to put your mind to it．"(做这样的事并不一定需要一个特别的人。你只需要用心去做。)可知,Selah对年轻人的建议是忠诚于自己的雄心抱负。故选B项。
答案：8-11 CDCA
解析：8．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文"Not long after the first fitness magazine was published, a list probably followed soon after, ranking the best fitness equipment．"可知,在第一本健身杂志出版后不久,可能很快就会有一个列表,列出了最好的健身器材,所以其中隐含的信息是:使用这个健身器材,锻炼就属于你了。故this指的是"健身器材"。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段中"Before you can answer why, it helps to look at history． Before the Industrial Revolution, people fetched water and walked up stairs because they had to． But then technology made life and work easier． Exercise has become something that people have to carve out time for． "It's a fundamental instinct(本能) to avoid physical activity when it's neither necessary nor rewarding," he says．(在工业革命之前,人们取水上楼是因为他们不得不这样做。但后来科技让生活和工作变得更容易。锻炼已经成为人们不得不抽出时间来做的事情。他说:"当没有必要也没有回报时,避免体育活动是一种基本的本能。")"可推知,科技使运动变得不太可能。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段"It would seem like being healthy would qualify as necessary, but a doctor's prescription to exercise "can make it like taking cod liver oil(鱼肝油)," Lieberman says． "Sometimes it works, but more often than not, it doesn't．" And it's still coming across as an order, and "not having a heart attack in five years is not an immediate reward," says Dr． Beth Frates, assistant professor at Harvard Medical School．(看起来健康是必要的,但医生的处方锻炼"会让它像服用鱼肝油,"Lieberman说。"有时它能起作用,但更多时候,它不会。"哈佛医学院助理教授Beth Frates博士说,这仍然是一种命令,"五年内没有心脏病发作并不是立即得到的回报。")"故选B。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段"People might not want to exercise because it's never been enjoyable． Most of us probably have memories of gym class, not being picked for a team, or being in a fitness center that's filled with in-shape people． The majority don't feel excited． They feel that exercise isn't for them, but it can be． Coaching people in an empowering and motivating way can work much better than ordering someone to exercise． It starts with an expanded definition of what counts as exercise, and an injection(注入) of what's rarely used to describe exercise, but is certainly allowed: namely, fun．(人们可能不想锻炼,因为它从来都不是令人愉快的。我们大多数人可能都记得上体育课,没有被选入团队,或者在健身中心挤满了身材好的人。大多数人并不感到兴奋。他们觉得锻炼不适合他们,但其实可以。以一种授权和激励的方式指导人们比命令他们锻炼要有效得多。首先,它扩展了运动的定义,并注入了很少被用来描述运动,但肯定被允许的东西:即乐趣)"可知,最后一段的主要内容是运动应该变得更有趣。故选A。
答案：12-15 ADDB
解析：12．推理判断题。根据第一段的"All those pixels(像素) take up a lot of room if they are stored on personal computers or phones, which is one reason why many people store their images in the cloud．"(所有这些像素如果存储在个人电脑或手机上,会占用很多空间,这也是为什么很多人会将图像进行云存储的原因之一)可知,人们将照片云存储的主要目的是节省存储空间,故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段的"Security experts also worry about employees at cloud storage companies on purpose accessing users' images．"(安全专家还担心云存储公司的员工会故意访问用户的图像)可知,云存储公司的员工不被专家信任,因为他们可能会偷看用户的图片,故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段的"We wanted to see if we could make it possible to encrypt data while using existing services"(我们想看看是否可以在使用现有服务的同时加密数据)和"Everyone wants to stay with Google Photos and not have to register on a new encrypted-image cloud storage service．"(每个人都想继续使用谷歌Photos,而不必注册新的加密图像云存储服务)可知,ESP的优点是可以在原有平台上对数据进行加密,故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读第四段,尤其是"To overcome this problem, they created a tool that preserves blocks of pixels but moves them around to effectively hide the photograph"(为了克服这个问题,他们发明了一种工具,可以保存像素块,但可以移动它们来有效地隐藏照片)可知,本段主要讲的是一种图像处理技术,故选B。
答案：16-20GBEAC
解析：16推理判断题。根据上文"Despite this, I was tempted to start a new book every three to four days．(尽管如此,我还是忍不住每三、四天就开始读一本新书。)"和下文"But this time, I figured the problem is with me and not with the books I am reading．(但这次,我想问题出在我自己身上,而不是我读的书。)"可知,此处内容与作者讲述自己觉得书很无聊无法看完有关,选项G "Sometimes the book itself is so boring that it is difficult to finish it(有时候,书本身就很无聊,你很难把它看完)"符合题意。故选G。
17细节理解题。根据下文"For this, I systematically created a framework that allowed me to finish 4 of these books in 10 days．(为此,我系统地创建了一个框架,让我在10天内完成其中的4本书。)"可知,此处内容与作者决定回到正轨有关,且下文的代词this指的是选项B的I decided to get back on track这件事,选项B "Starting March, I decided to get back on track(从三月开始,我决定回到正轨。)"符合题意。故选B。
18推理判断题。根据上文"The first thing I did was declutter(清理​) my TBR list．(我做的第一件事就是清理我的TBR列表)"和下文"So I just picked books I wanted to finish and abandoned the rest．(所以我只挑了我想看完的书,剩下的就不管了。)"可知,此处内容与作者觉得书单上的书太多了有关,选项E "The sight of too many books in the list was overwhelming(名单上的书太多了,简直让人受不了。)"符合题意。故选E。
19推理判断题。根据上文"You're reading a book, and you spot another one you're tempted to start reading．(你正在看一本书,然后你发现了另一本书,你又想开始读。)"可知,此处内容与指出阅读清单堆积的原因有关,选顶A "This is exactly how our reading list piles up(这正是我们的阅读清单堆积的原因。)"符合题意。故选A。
20细节理解题。根据上文"With the help of a data usage app, I figured out how much time I spent unnecessarily on the web．(在一款数据使用应用的帮助下,我计算出自己在网络上不必要地花费了多少时间。)"可知,此处内容与作者节省了在网络上的不必要时间去进行阅读有关,选项C "I cut some of this time and devoted it to reading(我把一部分时间节省下来用于阅读。)"符合题意。故选C。
答案：21-25 ABCBC 26-30 DBCDA 31-35 CDADA
解析：21．考查动词及语境理解。A．blamed责备; B．refused拒绝; C．fought打架; D．punished惩罚。句意:虽然刮风下雨并没有什么不正常的,但它给我的外出带来了不便,有时甚至造成了一种糟糕的气氛,所以我强烈地责怪它。根据上文"it caused inconvenience for me to go out, and sometimes it even created an awful atmosphere"可知糟糕的天气给作者带来了不便,因此作者责怪天气。故选A。
22．考查形容词及语境理解。A．excited激动的; B．puzzled困惑的,不解的; C．delighted高兴的; D．encouraged受到鼓舞的。句意:在一个下雨天,我遇到一位气象学家,他对我因为下雨给我带来一点不便而大发雷霆很是不解。根据后文"at my great anger caused by rain that made a little inconvenience for me"结合后文气象学家解释下雨的作用,可知气象学家对于作者责备天气感到困惑。故选B。
23．考查动词及语境理解。A．frightened使害怕; B．washed清洗; C．swept清扫,席卷; D．swung摇摆。句意:我从来没有经历过,当它把一切都卷走的时候它是多么的势不可挡。根据常识和后文"everything away in its way"可知,台风会把一切卷走,sweep away"一扫而空"。故选C。
24．考查名词及语境理解。A．supply供给; B．shortage缺乏; C．waste废物; D．amount数量。句意:没有它,淡水的短缺将会更严重,因为它是地球上水供应的一大来源。根据后文"fresh water will be more serious"可知没有台风,淡水的短缺会更严重。故选B。
25．考查名词及语境理解。A．power力量; B．resource资源; C．source来源; D．strength力量。句意:没有它,淡水的短缺将会更严重,因为它是地球上水供应的一大来源。根据后文"of water supply on earth"指台风是地球水供应的来源,应用source。故选C。
26．考查名词及语境理解。A．time时间; B．wealth财富; C．energy能量; D．warmth温暖,热量。句意:没有它,热量的分布就会出现更大的不平衡。结合后文提到没有台风,热带地区会更热,而寒带会更冷,可知没有台风,热量的分布就会出现更大的不平衡。故选D。
27．考查动词及语境理解。A．moves移动; B．relies依靠; C．keeps保持; D．holds持有。句意:地球上日照最多的赤道地区完全依靠台风来散热。根据地理知识和后文"entirely on typhoon to disperse heat"指赤道地区依靠台风散热,rely符合语境。故选B。
28．考查形容词及语境理解。A．better更好的; B．cooler更凉爽的; C．hotter更热的; D．warmer更温暖的。句意:如果没有台风,热带地区会更热,而寒带会更冷。根据后文"while the frigid zones much colder"可知热带更热,寒带更冷。故选C。
29．考查动词及语境理解。A．remove去除; B．escape逃走; C．move移动; D．disappear消失。句意:结果就是,温带将从世界上消失。根据上文提到寒带更冷,热带更热和后文"from the world"可知,此处是指温带从世界上消失,disappear符合语境。故选D。
30．考查形容词及语境理解。A．shortsighted目光短浅的; B．anxious焦虑的; C．frightened害怕的; D．worried担心的。句意:无知使我目光短浅。结合上文可知作者仅仅因为天气给自己造成了不便就责备天气,没有意识到下雨的重要作用,可见此处指无知使作者目光短浅。故选A。
31．考查形容词及语境理解。A．frightening令人恐惧的; B．appealing吸引人的; C．disturbing令人不安的; D．exciting令人激动的。句意:但我根本不知道台风—比风或雨更猛烈,比风或雨更令人不安一千倍的东西—是人类生存所必须的。根据第一段中"I was always complaining about wind or rain．"可知作者本来抱怨刮风下雨,而台风是比风或雨更令人不安一千倍的东西。故选C。
32．考查名词及语境理解。A．success成功; B．advantage优势; C．lead领导; D．must必须的事物。句意:但我根本不知道台风—比风或雨更猛烈,比风或雨更令人不安一千倍的东西—是人类生存所必须的。根据后文"to the existence of mankind"以及上文介绍的台风的作用,可知台风是人类生存所必须的。故选D。
33．考查连词及语境理解。A．As正如,像．．．一样; B．Since自从; C．While虽然; D．When当．．．时候。句意:就像世界上没有一条路是平坦的一样,世界上也没有一个人可以随心所欲。引导方式状语从句,表示"像．．．一样"应用as。故选A。
34．考查固定短语及语境理解。A．What about怎么样; B．How come怎么会; C．Even if即使; D．What if假设将会怎么样。句意:如果台风全部消失了怎么办?根据后文"typhoon disappeared all together"可知是在假设台风如果全部消失会怎么样,what if符合语境。故选D。
35．考查名词及语境理解。A．answers答案; B．theories理论; C．complaints投诉; D．phenomena现象。句意:答案会让他保持冷静,引导他更接近真理—他会更好地了解他所生活的世界。上文"typhoon disappeared all together? What would the world become then?"提出了两个问题,所以此处是指问题的答案。故选A。
答案：36-40 ambitious being compared increased why which a to recently broaden
解析：36考查形容词。句意:世界上越来越多有抱负的家长为孩子报名上中文课。分析句子可知此处用形容词做定语,修饰名词parents,所以填ambitious。
37考查动名词。句意:他们渴望自己的孩子在生活中取得成功,他们认为流利地使用第二或第三语言是一种优势。本句是动名词在句中做宾语。所以填being。
38考查过去分词。句意:在美国,2017年学习汉语的中小学生人数是2015年的两倍。本句是2017年学习汉语的中小学生人数与2015年的人数相比较。应该是被动关系,应该用过去分词,所以填compared。
39考查时态。句意:在法国,同年龄段学习汉语的学生人数在2007年至2017年间增长了400%。根据本句的时间状语可知,本句应该用一般过去时。所以填increased。
40考查宾语从句。句意:很容易理解为什么汉语如此受欢迎。本句是宾语从句,根据句意可知本句缺少原因状语,应该用why引导。所以填why。
41考查定语从句。句意:例如,中国的"一带一路"倡议,推动丝绸之路沿线许多国家进行更紧密的合作。本句是非限制性定语从句,which指点前文的中国的"一带一路"倡议,在从句中做主语。应该用which引导,所以填which。
42考查固定短语。句意:它为懂中文的人创造了数千个当地就业机会。a knowledge of是固定短语,意思是:某一方面的知识。所以填a。
43考查介词。句意:另一个原因是学习汉语可以接触到精彩的中国历史和文化。access to是固定短语"接近,使用"。所以填to。
44考查副词。句意:英国一所学校的校长亚当,特纳(Adam Turner)将这一点作为最近增加的汉语课程的一个吸引人的方面。此处是用副词修饰动词add, recently是副词"近来"。所以填recently。
45考查动词。句意:"学习中文有助于他们从一个新的角度看待生活,开阔他们对外界的视野,"他解释说。help do是固定短语,本句中see与broaden是并列动词,都应该用动词原形。broaden是动词"变宽",所以填broaden。
第三部分 写作
答案：
Boys and girls,
I'm greatly honored to deliver the speech. As we all know, with the development of the economy and society, the number of private cars is increasing amazingly. Cars and other vehicles release carbon gases, so do many other human activities, which causes global warming. It's high time that we should go green.
From my point of view, we should raise the public awareness of the importance of going green. And taking public transportation or riding bicycles instead of driving should be greatly encouraged. What's more, it's a good idea to classify our rubbish and recycle it in our daily life.
That's all. Thank you.
答案：
    An hour later, Chase swam to the shore, anyhow． Once on solid ground, he ran to the nearest cottage and called for help． Hearing Steven's desperate cries, people in the cottage rushed out immediately． Realizing what had happened, they sprang into action． They rushed to the bank of the river following Chase and paddled their boat instantly with rescue equipment towards the dad and daughter． Meanwhile, someone called the Rescue Department． Soon after, rescuers arrived． All of them did everything they could to carry out a thorough search．
    Luckily, Steven and Abigail were found and rescued． After ensuring their safety, people breathed a sigh of relief． Steven was deeply moved and expressed his gratitude to all the rescuers with tears swirling in his eyes． Then he hugged Chase and Abigail tightly and couldn't help weeping with joy． He couldn't be prouder of his son． It was the bravery, calmness and determination of the pint-sized superhero that changed everything． It was likely to be one Memorial Day the family would never forget．