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2022-2023学年福建省厦门外国语学校高三上学期期末检测英语试题 （解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年福建省厦门外国语学校高三上学期期末检测英语试题 （解析版），共37页。试卷主要包含了15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
厦门外国语学校2023届高三上期末学科限时训练
英语试题
本试卷共12页，总分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所治的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. How will the speakers tour the city?
A. On fool. B. By bus. C. By car.
2. When will the man possibly leave for the hotel?
A. At 7:20. B. At 7:40. C. At 8:00.
3. What does the man stress?
A. Environmental pollution. B. White pollution prediction. C. Environmental conservation.
4. How does the man feel about his new office?
A. Terrible. B. Bored. C. Satisfied.
5. What is the possible relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Classmates. C. Neighbors.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What’s the weather like today?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
7 Which season might it be in the man’s country now?
A. Winter. B. Summer. C. Spring.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where doe the conversation probably take place?
A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel.
9. How does the man pay?
A. In cash. B. By deposit card. C. By credit card.
10. What number can the man call if he needs a hair drier?
A. 0817. B. 0870. C. 8507.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. What is the man’s younger brother like?
A. He is smart and naughty. B. He is really fun and playful. C. He is serious but humorous.
12. What is the man’s father?
A. A worker. B. A lawyer. C. A novelist.
13. What are they mainly talking about?
A. Scaring mysteries. B. Police dramas. C. The family members.
14 What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The speakers must be a couple.
B. The man knows his family well.
C. The woman also loves horror novels.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. Where did the woman know about the position?
A. In a newspaper. B. On the Internet. C. From her friend.
16. What is the woman good at?
A. English teaching. B. Computer operation. C. Activity organization.
17. Why did the woman leave the previous school?
A. She lives far from her former school.
B. Her former headmaster disliked her.
C. She failed to finish the assignments.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the monologue mainly about?
A. Tips on avoiding sports injury.
B. Benefits and ways of regular exercise.
C. Recommendations for sports equipment.
19. What exercise can make you more flexible?
A. Balance exercises. B. Strength exercises. C. Various stretches.
20. What do we know about the goals of workouts?
A. The goals should be easy and achievable.
B. It’s helpful to reward yourself for reaching goals.
C. Ten minutes will get you nowhere towards goals.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The capital of a country is often a very populated city where much history has been made due to the high-level political and economic functions that occur there. However, sometimes government leaders decide to move the capital from one city to another. Capital relocation has been done hundreds of times throughout history. The ancient Egyptians, Romans, and Chinese changed their capital frequently.
Some countries choose new capitals that are more easily defended in a time of invasion (侵略) or war. Some new capitals are planned and built in previously undeveloped areas to promote development. Countries sometimes change their capital because they expect some type of political, social, or economic benefit. They hope and expect that the new capitals will surely develop into cultural treasure and hopefully make the country a more stable place.
Here are capital relocations that have occurred in approximately the last few centuries.
Asia
Japan
from Kyoto to Tokyo — 1868
Turkey
from Istanbul to Ankara — 1923
Israel
from Tel Aviv-Jaffo to Jerusalem — 1950
Europe
Poland
from Krakow to Warsaw — 1596
Finland
from Turku to Helsinki — 1812
Italy
from Turin to Florence to Salerno to Rome — 1871
The Americas
The US
from New York to Washington — 1800
Jamaica
from Port Royal to Spanish Town to Kingston — 1872
Oceania
New Zealand
from Auckland to Wellington — 1865
1. Why did some countries decide to move the capital?
A. To further expand their land.
B. To uncover ancient treasure.
C. To develop undeveloped areas.
D. To declare war on another country.
2. Which country was the earliest to move its capital?
A. Turkey. B. Poland.
C. The United Sate. D. New Zealand.
3. What do Italy and Jamaica have in common?
A. They moved the capitals more than once.
B. Their capitals were destroyed in the war.
C. They moved their capitals in the same year.
D. Their capitals moved because of the economy.
B
It’s no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became.
When spring semester ended that first year at college, I had good grades, but I did not have two quarters to my name. I decided that if I could afford to be a full-time student, I would need to work a full-time job. Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do “deep cleaning”, which meant cleaning everything and even I had to check every safety compartment and replace any missing items. This could be disgusting work.
Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not fit easily together. Some days 1 was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didn’t have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.
Ultimately, I chose to temporarily stop going to school and to continue working, a decision. I would later regret. The airline closed for various reasons. I felt stupid. I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. I’d finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, and your education is forever.
4. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?
A. He met with a long boring semester. B. Food accounted for his biggest expense.
C. He left himself financially embarrassed. D. His financial aid could cover his necessities.
5. What does the underlined word “detailed” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Cleaned. B. Listed. C. Repaired. D. Replaced.
6. Which of the following best describes the author in paragraph 3?
A. Confused. B. Critical. C. Decisive. D. Diligent.
7. What is conveyed in the text?
A. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
B. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
C. One should be financially supported by himself.
D. The significance of schooling should be recognized.
C
After a three-year delay, M+，Hong Kong’s museum dedicated to Chinese visual culture, opened to the public It contains an astonishing collection of art with works by some celebrities. The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New York’s MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.
M+ wouldn’t have been possible without Swiss businessman and art collector Uli Sigg, who in 2012 donated and sold 1,510 Chinese contemporary works of art to the museum. Michael Schindhelm’s 2016 documentary, The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg, looked back at Sigg’s life and how he accumulated his collection to preserve contemporary Chinese art for three decades. In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to view himself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.”
Chinese Lives follows Sigg’s life in time order, starting in 1979, the year that he first went to China as a representative of the Swiss elevator manufacturer. In 1995 Sigg became the Swiss Ambassador to China, which lasted until 1999. He was buying art with an objective eye, one towards preserving culture.
Moving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Sigg’s efforts. He created the Chinese ContemporaryArt Award, an award that functioned to get artists noticed by important Western artists and galley owner. At the same time, pieces by Chine artists were gaining more and more global reputations.
Following Sigg’s announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. The documentary is a good starting point to familiarize oneself with contemporary Chinese art and the man who helped expose it to the world.
8. Why does the author mention “MoMA” in paragraph 1?
A. To enrich our knowledge.
B. To memorize art celebrities.
C. To deepen M+ museum’s popularity.
D. To indicate M+ museum’s significance.
9. Which identity would Uli Sigg most probably agree with?
A. A contemporary artist.
B. A researcher of Chinese art.
C. A collector of contemporary art.
D. An ambassador with artistic taste.
10. What can we infer from The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg?
A. Sigg offered money to Chinese artists.
B. Sigg was the director of the documentary.
C. Sigg made great efforts to promote Chinese art.
D. Sigg was the Swiss Ambassador to China in 2000.
11. What is Uli Sigg like?
A. He is strict and ambitious.
B. He is caring and creative.
C. He is devoted and generous.
D. He is hopeful and humorous.
D
For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance beak (喙) size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.
All that fits nicely with evolutionary (进化的) theory. “Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附加物) than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.
Ryding’s team combined data from different species in different places. Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.
Honestly, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise stay for essentially forever.
12. Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?
A. They are following the new trends.
B. They have to adapt to warmer climate.
C. Scientists need them to do experiments.
D. Larger parts tend to help them feed well.
13. Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts?
A. In mild areas. B. In hot places.
C. In the Arctic. D. In deserted regions.
14. What do we know about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs?
A. It comes at a cost.
B. Its cause is definite.
C. It happens in the same habitat.
D. Its process will end soon.
15. What can be a suitable tile for the text?
A. Living on a Warming Planet
B. Measures to Remove Heat
C. Pioneering Research on Animals
D. Evolution to Survive Heat
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, laughter has many profound physiological and psychological benefits. It can relax muscles, promote mental and psychological well-being, etc. But we have become so busy with our daily routines that we rarely laugh. Laughter Online University found that children laugh 300 to 400 times on an average, whereas adults laugh only 17.5 times in a day. ____16____ But if you still don’t know why you should laugh, here are some benefits of laughter for you.
◆Reduce stress
____17____ There is science behind this. When you get stressed, your body releases hormones. Continuous releases of these hormones may cause anxiety, depression, and heart diseases. But when you laugh, the stress hormones get reduced and helps you relieve you stress.
◆Ensure a healthy relationship
My friend and I used to have issues and never talked for over a month.But suddenly, one day, she sent me a super funny meme (表情包) while on call, and we both laughed at it. Just laughing together made us come closer. ____18____
Boost your confidence Have you ever experienced that when you laugh at a fearful situation, you feel more courage and confidence? ____19____ Once I had to deliver a speech at a school meeting, and I felt extreme fear.I was sweating in buckets and felt as if the land beneath my feet is shaking. But I tried to talk with a friend and laughed for a few seconds just to show myself cool. ____20____ I felt as if I could do this and experienced a fantastic sense of confidence.
A. Laughter is a powerful stress killer.
B. If you ask me, I have experienced this.
C. I had anger issues when I was in school.
D. This simple laughter had a significant effect on me.
E. It also helps us forget problems and cherish friendship.
F. Laughter can help you think clearly and more effectively.
G. No wonder why we adults suffer mental problems like anxiety.
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We moved into a new neighborhood in 1990, Andy was pretty much the first person we ____21____. He came across the street to ____22____ us. Having lived there since 1967, he was warm and kind, full of ____23____. He would introduce to us which bakery for cakes, which store for shopping and ____24____ the occupations of everyone around us.
Andy would proudly and regularly ____25____ his veteran (老兵) cap and play music while doing yard work. ____26____ anything, though, he delighted in talking about our kids as much as about his. We watched out for each other. He would ____27____ our vegetable gardens when we went on vacation; we gave him some of our ____28____ in return. Andy and I would also complain about the big trucks that used our streets as a shortcut. As more time went by, we didn’t see him out ____29____ his small dog as often due to his ____30____ problem, and we’d help with clearing the ____31____ in the winter. Those ties continued with time passing by.
But the real ____32____ of our neighborhoods is their people — an Andy, or, in some cases, many Andys. Our neighborhoods are built on them, and ____33____ by their emotional ties. We are better for their ____34____, and worse for their absence.
Andy died this month. I will miss him, more than he ____35____.
21. A. met B. recalled C. thanked D. admired
22. A. treat B. greet C. criticize D. comfort
23. A. happiness B. energy C. knowledge D. information
24. A. still B. even C. ever D. never
25. A. wear B. exhibit C. wave D. hold
26. A. Different than B. More than C. Because of D. Instead of
27. A. do damage to B. stare at C. sit around D. keep an eye on
28. A. produce B. crafts C. cakes D. money
29. A. selling B. feeding C. walking D. chasing
30. A. health B. financial C. political D. marriage
31. A. rubbish B. smog C. snow D. dirt
32. A. welfare B. influence C. tie D. faith
33. A. prevented B. separated C. widened D. strengthened
34. A. interruption B. performance C. situation D. presence
35. A. evaluates B. knows C. forgets D. regrets
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The combination of music and study has long been ____36____ source of disagreement between adults and children.Parents and teachers alike maintain that ____37____(silent)is important when learning, whereas youngsters insist that ____38____(they)favourite sounds help them concentrate.
Now a study shows that the ____39____(grown-up)have been right all along.Psychologists in Florida tested how fast students wrote essays ____40____ and without music in the background .They ____41____(find)that the sounds slowed progress down by about sixty words per hour. “This demonstrates ____42____(clear)that it is difficult to cope with listening and writing at the same time,”said Dr.Sarah.She also came to the conclusion ____43____ it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than songs. “All types of music had the same effect,” she said in her report. “One’s ability to pay attention and write fluently is likely ____44____ (disturb) by both songs and instrumental music,” she added.
Dr. Sarah claimed the research demonstrated that the idea that music could improve performance was wrong. “Writing an essay is a complex task. You ____45____ (recall) information and putting it in order. But what is particularly worrying is that more and more teenagers are studying in front of the television.”
【答案】36. a 37. silence
38. their 39. grown-ups
40. with 41. found
42. clearly
43. that 44. to be disturbed
45. are recalling
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 书面表达 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，即将结束在美国高中为期两周的游学旅行，欢送仪式上，你将致感谢词并向校友赠送体现中国特色的礼物。请用英文写一份演讲稿，主要内容包括：
1. 感谢热情接待；
2. 阐明礼物意义；
3. 邀请其来中国。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A New Addition to the Family
For the initial ten years of his life, Victor was the prince of the household. As he was an only child, his parents petted him and showered all their love and attention on him. Whatever toys his parents bought, they were always meant for him. Whatever food was in the refrigerator, there was no one to compete with him to polish it off first. Victor could leave his toys or books around the house with complete ease of mind, knowing that there was no one who would get their hands on his belongings and cause any damage.
However, all that was to change overnight when Victor’s parents brought back his new baby sister, Lina, from the hospital. With her rosy cheeks, wide open eyes and angelic smile, Lina caught the hearts of her parents, grandparents and relatives. Everyone focused their attention on the cute bunch of joy. Whenever she cried, her mother or father would rush to her bed. She simply cried because she wanted to be carried. There was little time left for Victor.
Now that Victor’s mother had his baby sister to take care of, she expected Victor himself to do most of the chores he can do. Victor was asked to clean his own room, iron his own school uniform and clean his own shoes. Before Lina’s arrival, he had never lifted a finger to help out with these tasks. The whole family also went out less because it was unhealthy to expose Lina to the bacteria(细菌) being in the outside world too often.
Victor felt neglected by his parents. He felt that they loved Lina more than him. As a result, he tried to attract his parents’ attention by becoming resistant. One evening, Victor’s parents were called up by his teacher because Victor had got into a fight at school. His teacher had noticed Victor’s behaviour and work attitude changing downwards in the past two months. Before that, he had been a model student.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Upon hearing the teacher’s feedback, Victor’s parents got lost in thought.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Victor realized that his parents still cared for him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
厦门外国语学校2023届高三上期末学科限时训练
英语试题
本试卷共12页，总分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所治的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. How will the speakers tour the city?
A. On fool. B. By bus. C. By car.
2. When will the man possibly leave for the hotel?
A. At 7:20. B. At 7:40. C. At 8:00.
3. What does the man stress?
A. Environmental pollution. B. White pollution prediction. C. Environmental conservation.
4. How does the man feel about his new office?
A. Terrible. B. Bored. C. Satisfied.
5. What is the possible relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Classmates. C. Neighbors.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What’s the weather like today?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
7 Which season might it be in the man’s country now?
A. Winter. B. Summer. C. Spring.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where doe the conversation probably take place?
A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel.
9. How does the man pay?
A. In cash. B. By deposit card. C. By credit card.
10. What number can the man call if he needs a hair drier?
A. 0817. B. 0870. C. 8507.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. What is the man’s younger brother like?
A. He is smart and naughty. B. He is really fun and playful. C. He is serious but humorous.
12. What is the man’s father?
A. A worker. B. A lawyer. C. A novelist.
13. What are they mainly talking about?
A. Scaring mysteries. B. Police dramas. C. The family members.
14 What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The speakers must be a couple.
B. The man knows his family well.
C. The woman also loves horror novels.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. Where did the woman know about the position?
A. In a newspaper. B. On the Internet. C. From her friend.
16. What is the woman good at?
A. English teaching. B. Computer operation. C. Activity organization.
17. Why did the woman leave the previous school?
A. She lives far from her former school.
B. Her former headmaster disliked her.
C. She failed to finish the assignments.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the monologue mainly about?
A. Tips on avoiding sports injury.
B. Benefits and ways of regular exercise.
C. Recommendations for sports equipment.
19. What exercise can make you more flexible?
A. Balance exercises. B. Strength exercises. C. Various stretches.
20. What do we know about the goals of workouts?
A. The goals should be easy and achievable.
B. It’s helpful to reward yourself for reaching goals.
C. Ten minutes will get you nowhere towards goals.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The capital of a country is often a very populated city where much history has been made due to the high-level political and economic functions that occur there. However, sometimes government leaders decide to move the capital from one city to another. Capital relocation has been done hundreds of times throughout history. The ancient Egyptians, Romans, and Chinese changed their capital frequently.
Some countries choose new capitals that are more easily defended in a time of invasion (侵略) or war. Some new capitals are planned and built in previously undeveloped areas to promote development. Countries sometimes change their capital because they expect some type of political, social, or economic benefit. They hope and expect that the new capitals will surely develop into cultural treasure and hopefully make the country a more stable place.
Here are capital relocations that have occurred in approximately the last few centuries.
Asia
Japan
from Kyoto to Tokyo — 1868
Turkey
from Istanbul to Ankara — 1923
Israel
from Tel Aviv-Jaffo to Jerusalem — 1950
Europe
Poland
from Krakow to Warsaw — 1596
Finland
from Turku to Helsinki — 1812
Italy
from Turin to Florence to Salerno to Rome — 1871
The Americas
The US
from New York to Washington — 1800
Jamaica
from Port Royal to Spanish Town to Kingston — 1872
Oceania
New Zealand
from Auckland to Wellington — 1865
1. Why did some countries decide to move the capital?
A. To further expand their land.
B. To uncover ancient treasure.
C. To develop undeveloped areas.
D. To declare war on another country.
2. Which country was the earliest to move its capital?
A. Turkey. B. Poland.
C. The United Sate. D. New Zealand.
3. What do Italy and Jamaica have in common?
A. They moved the capitals more than once.
B. Their capitals were destroyed in the war.
C. They moved their capitals in the same year.
D. Their capitals moved because of the economy.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了历史上一些经常迁都的国家以及其背后的原因。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Some new capitals are planned and built in previously undeveloped areas to promote development.( 一些新的首都被规划和建设在以前未开发的地区，以促进发展。)”可知，一些国家决定迁都是为了开发欠发达地区。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据表格中“Poland from Krakow to Warsaw — 1596 (波兰于1596年将首都从克拉科夫迁到华沙)”可推知，波兰于1596年将首都从克拉科夫迁到华沙；再对比表格中其它国家迁都的时间可知，波兰迁都的时间最早。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中“Italy from Turin to Florence to Salerno to Rome — 1871 (意大利在1871年将首都从都灵迁到佛罗伦萨，再迁到到萨勒诺，最后再迁到罗马)”可知，意大利曾经将首都从都灵迁到佛罗伦萨，再迁到到萨勒诺，最后再迁到罗马；再结合表格中“Jamaica from Port Royal to Spanish Town to Kingston-1872 (牙买加在1872年将首都从皇家港迁到西班牙城，最后再迁到金斯敦)”可知，牙买加曾将首都从皇家港迁到西班牙城，最后再迁到金斯敦。由此可知，意大利和牙买加的共同之处在于这两个国家都不止一次迁都。故选A。
B
It’s no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became.
When spring semester ended that first year at college, I had good grades, but I did not have two quarters to my name. I decided that if I could afford to be a full-time student, I would need to work a full-time job. Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do “deep cleaning”, which meant cleaning everything and even I had to check every safety compartment and replace any missing items. This could be disgusting work.
Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not fit easily together. Some days 1 was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didn’t have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.
Ultimately, I chose to temporarily stop going to school and to continue working, a decision. I would later regret. The airline closed for various reasons. I felt stupid. I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. I’d finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, and your education is forever.
4. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?
A. He met with a long boring semester. B. Food accounted for his biggest expense.
C. He left himself financially embarrassed. D. His financial aid could cover his necessities.
5. What does the underlined word “detailed” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Cleaned. B. Listed. C. Repaired. D. Replaced.
6. Which of the following best describes the author in paragraph 3?
A. Confused. B. Critical. C. Decisive. D. Diligent.
7. What is conveyed in the text?
A. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
B. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
C. One should be financially supported by himself.
D. The significance of schooling should be recognized.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在经济上陷入困境，为了负担得起成为一名全日制学生，作者开始做一份全职工作，结果因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告，只能选择暂时停止上学，继续工作。后来公司关闭了，作者为自己的决定后悔。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became.(大学学费昂贵已经不是什么秘密了。我得到了经济援助，我能够负担入学费用、书籍、用品、课程材料和其他与学校相关的费用。但我负担不起住房、交通、食物、医疗和其他基本生活必需品。每学期时间越长，做出选择就越困难)”可推知，作者在经济上陷入困境。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I (很快，我开始在机场做飞机客舱清洁工。我在机场的第一班是夜班，我)”可知，作者很快开始在机场做飞机客舱清洁工，在机场的第一个班次是夜班，就要清理各种大小的飞机。故画线词意思是“清理”。A. Cleaned.清理；B. Listed.列出；C. Repaired.修理；D. Replaced.替换。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not ft easily together. Some days I was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didn’t have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.(另一个让我很难过的事实是，在机场工作和上学不太容易兼顾。有几天我上了夜班，累得连上课都去不了。另一些日子，由于工作日繁忙，我没有时间完成学校的作业。在秋季学期结束时，我因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告。我又一次处于进退两难的境地，不得不做出决定。我想去上学，取得优异成绩，但我也已经习惯了在经济上养活自己)”可推知，作者很困惑。全科免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. I’d finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, and your education is forever. (我为这份工作付出了很多，甚至牺牲了我的教育，现在我将既没有工作也没有教育。我终于明白了我祖母曾经说过的一句话：你的工作是暂时的，而你所受的教育是永远的)”可推知，学校教育的重要性应该得到承认。故选D。
C
After a three-year delay, M+，Hong Kong’s museum dedicated to Chinese visual culture, opened to the public It contains an astonishing collection of art with works by some celebrities. The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New York’s MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.
M+ wouldn’t have been possible without Swiss businessman and art collector Uli Sigg, who in 2012 donated and sold 1,510 Chinese contemporary works of art to the museum. Michael Schindhelm’s 2016 documentary, The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg, looked back at Sigg’s life and how he accumulated his collection to preserve contemporary Chinese art for three decades. In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to view himself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.”
Chinese Lives follows Sigg’s life in time order, starting in 1979, the year that he first went to China as a representative of the Swiss elevator manufacturer. In 1995 Sigg became the Swiss Ambassador to China, which lasted until 1999. He was buying art with an objective eye, one towards preserving culture.
Moving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Sigg’s efforts. He created the Chinese ContemporaryArt Award, an award that functioned to get artists noticed by important Western artists and galley owner. At the same time, pieces by Chine artists were gaining more and more global reputations.
Following Sigg’s announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. The documentary is a good starting point to familiarize oneself with contemporary Chinese art and the man who helped expose it to the world.
8. Why does the author mention “MoMA” in paragraph 1?
A. To enrich our knowledge.
B. To memorize art celebrities.
C. To deepen M+ museum’s popularity.
D. To indicate M+ museum’s significance.
9. Which identity would Uli Sigg most probably agree with?
A. A contemporary artist.
B. A researcher of Chinese art.
C. A collector of contemporary art.
D. An ambassador with artistic taste.
10. What can we infer from The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg?
A. Sigg offered money to Chinese artists.
B. Sigg was the director of the documentary.
C. Sigg made great efforts to promote Chinese art.
D. Sigg was the Swiss Ambassador to China in 2000.
11. What is Uli Sigg like?
A. He is strict and ambitious.
B. He is caring and creative.
C. He is devoted and generous.
D. He is hopeful and humorous.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章瑞士商人和艺术收藏家乌利·西格（Uli Sigg）对香港博物馆乃至对中国现代艺术的贡献。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New York’s MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.”（前执行董事Lars Nittve认为，就深度和文化重要性而言，M+与纽约的MoMA或巴黎的蓬皮杜中心一样重要。）可知，作者在第一段中提到“MoMA”是为了表明M+博物馆的重要性。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to view himself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.””（在影片的采访中，碰巧购买了他的一些研究成果的Sigg更愿意把自己视为“一名中国和中国当代艺术的研究者。”）说明Uli Sigg很可能会同意他自己是一位中国艺术研究者的观点。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Moving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Sigg’s efforts. ”（进入21世纪，由于Sigg努力，中国艺术引起了国际关注。）以及后文，可知Sigg为促进中国艺术做出了巨大的努力。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Following Sigg’s announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. ”（在Sigg宣布将把相当大一部分藏品捐赠给即将开放的M+博物馆后，中国人的生活以一个充满希望的音符结束，因为中国艺术界仍在不断增长。）以及之前Sigg一直致力于宣传中国艺术，说明Sigg是一个专一和慷慨大方的人。故选C项。
D
For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance beak (喙) size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.
All that fits nicely with evolutionary (进化的) theory. “Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附加物) than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.
Ryding’s team combined data from different species in different places. Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.
Honestly, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise stay for essentially forever.
12. Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?
A. They are following the new trends.
B. They have to adapt to warmer climate.
C. Scientists need them to do experiments.
D. Larger parts tend to help them feed well.
13. Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts?
A. In mild areas. B. In hot places.
C. In the Arctic. D. In deserted regions.
14. What do we know about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs?
A. It comes at a cost.
B. Its cause is definite.
C. It happens in the same habitat.
D. Its process will end soon.
15. What can be a suitable tile for the text?
A. Living on a Warming Planet
B. Measures to Remove Heat
C. Pioneering Research on Animals
D. Evolution to Survive Heat
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章具体叙述了气候变化与进化的联系。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. ”(动物将不得不依靠改变自己的身体或行为。)可知，有些物种长得更大是因为它们必须适应更温暖的气候。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages(附加物) than those in mild areas. ”(“艾伦法则”是以乔·艾伦的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这个观点，认为生活在炎热地区的温血动物往往比生活在温和地区的温血动物有更大的附肢。)可知，温血动物在炎热的地方可能有更大的身体部位。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.”(任何进化适应都需要权衡取舍，目前尚不清楚这一过程可能会走多远。例如，较大的喙可能会妨碍进食。更大的翅膀更重，更大的腿需要更多的能量才能成长。)可知，动物的变化是有代价的。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. ”(动物将不得不依靠改变自己的身体或行为。)以及全文大意，本文主要讲述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章具体叙述了气候变化与进化的联系。D项“Evolution to Survive Heat（在高温下生存的进化）”符合题意。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, laughter has many profound physiological and psychological benefits. It can relax muscles, promote mental and psychological well-being, etc. But we have become so busy with our daily routines that we rarely laugh. Laughter Online University found that children laugh 300 to 400 times on an average, whereas adults laugh only 17.5 times in a day. ____16____ But if you still don’t know why you should laugh, here are some benefits of laughter for you.
◆Reduce stress
____17____ There is science behind this. When you get stressed, your body releases hormones. Continuous releases of these hormones may cause anxiety, depression, and heart diseases. But when you laugh, the stress hormones get reduced and helps you relieve you stress.
◆Ensure a healthy relationship
My friend and I used to have issues and never talked for over a month.But suddenly, one day, she sent me a super funny meme (表情包) while on call, and we both laughed at it. Just laughing together made us come closer. ____18____
Boost your confidence Have you ever experienced that when you laugh at a fearful situation, you feel more courage and confidence? ____19____ Once I had to deliver a speech at a school meeting, and I felt extreme fear.I was sweating in buckets and felt as if the land beneath my feet is shaking. But I tried to talk with a friend and laughed for a few seconds just to show myself cool. ____20____ I felt as if I could do this and experienced a fantastic sense of confidence.
A. Laughter is a powerful stress killer.
B. If you ask me, I have experienced this.
C. I had anger issues when I was in school.
D. This simple laughter had a significant effect on me.
E. It also helps us forget problems and cherish friendship.
F. Laughter can help you think clearly and more effectively.
G. No wonder why we adults suffer mental problems like anxiety.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍大笑对我们的身心有好处，并列举了三个具体的益处。
16题详解】
上文“Laughter Online University found that children laugh 300 to 400 times on an average, whereas adults laugh only 17.5 times in a day. (笑在线大学发现，儿童平均大笑300到400次，而成年人一天只大笑17.5次)”说明儿童每天大笑的次数比成年人多，以及下文“But if you still don’t know why you should laugh, here are some benefits of laughter for you. (但是如果你仍然不知道为什么你应该笑，下面是一些大笑的好处)”说明大笑是有好处的，空处应说明成年人笑的少，会有坏处，G项“难怪我们成年人会遭受焦虑等心理问题”符合题意。故选G。
【17题详解】
上文“Reduce stress(减少压力)”说明大笑的好处之一是可以减少压力，A项中a powerful stress killer是关键词，A项“笑是一种强大的压力杀手”符合题意。故选A。
【18题详解】
上文“Just laughing together made us come closer. (一起笑让我们的关系更紧密)”说明大笑会有助于保持紧密的关系，E项中friendship是关键词，大笑可以帮助珍惜友谊，E项“它也帮助我们忘记问题，珍惜友谊”符合题意。故选E。
【19题详解】
上文“Have you ever experienced that when you laugh at a fearful situation, you feel more courage and confidence? (你有没有经历过在一个可怕的处境中大笑，你会感觉到更多的勇气和信心？)”说明作者在问别人是否经历过这样的情况，下文应说明介绍作者的个人经历，B项“如果你问我，我曾经经历过”符合题意。故选B。
【20题详解】
上文“But I tried to talk with a friend and laughed for a few seconds just to show myself cool. (但我努力和一个朋友聊天，大笑几秒钟，只是为了展示自己很酷)”说明大笑对作者产生了好的影响，D项“这种简单的笑声对我产生了很大的影响”符合题意。故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We moved into a new neighborhood in 1990, Andy was pretty much the first person we ____21____. He came across the street to ____22____ us. Having lived there since 1967, he was warm and kind, full of ____23____. He would introduce to us which bakery for cakes, which store for shopping and ____24____ the occupations of everyone around us.
Andy would proudly and regularly ____25____ his veteran (老兵) cap and play music while doing yard work. ____26____ anything, though, he delighted in talking about our kids as much as about his. We watched out for each other. He would ____27____ our vegetable gardens when we went on vacation; we gave him some of our ____28____ in return. Andy and I would also complain about the big trucks that used our streets as a shortcut. As more time went by, we didn’t see him out ____29____ his small dog as often due to his ____30____ problem, and we’d help with clearing the ____31____ in the winter. Those ties continued with time passing by.
But the real ____32____ of our neighborhoods is their people — an Andy, or, in some cases, many Andys. Our neighborhoods are built on them, and ____33____ by their emotional ties. We are better for their ____34____, and worse for their absence.
Andy died this month. I will miss him, more than he ____35____.
21. A. met B. recalled C. thanked D. admired
22. A. treat B. greet C. criticize D. comfort
23. A. happiness B. energy C. knowledge D. information
24. A. still B. even C. ever D. never
25. A. wear B. exhibit C. wave D. hold
26. A. Different than B. More than C. Because of D. Instead of
27. A. do damage to B. stare at C. sit around D. keep an eye on
28. A. produce B. crafts C. cakes D. money
29. A. selling B. feeding C. walking D. chasing
30. A. health B. financial C. political D. marriage
31. A. rubbish B. smog C. snow D. dirt
32. A. welfare B. influence C. tie D. faith
33. A. prevented B. separated C. widened D. strengthened
34. A. interruption B. performance C. situation D. presence
35. A. evaluates B. knows C. forgets D. regrets
【答案】21 A 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在搬到一个新社区后，安迪对作者的热情帮助，作者了解到社区的真正纽带是社区的人，社区因成员之间的情感纽带而加强。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在1990年搬到一个新社区，安迪几乎是我们遇到的第一个人。A. met碰见；B. recalled回忆；C. thanked感谢；D. admired钦佩。根据上句“We moved into a new neighborhood in 1990（我们在1990年搬进了一个新社区）”以及后句“He came across the street to ____2____ us（他穿过马路向我们打招呼）”可知安迪是作者他们遇到的第一个人。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他穿过马路向我们打招呼。A. treat对待；B. greet问候；C. criticize批评；D. comfort安慰。根据下文“he was warm and kind”可知，安迪是一个热情的人，因此推知他会向作者他们打招呼。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自1967年以来一直住在那里，他热情善良，充满活力。A. happiness快乐；B. energy精力，活力；C. knowledge知识；D. information信息。根据上句 “he was warm and kind（他热情善良）”可知安迪是充满活力的。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他会给我们介绍去哪家面包店买蛋糕，去哪家商店购物，甚至介绍我们周围每个人的职业。A. still仍然；B. even甚至；C. ever曾经；D. never从未。根据上句“____3____. He would introduce to us which bakery for cakes, which store for shopping”可知，安迪甚至介绍作者周围每个人的职业。此处用even表示语气加强。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪会经常自豪地戴上他的老兵帽，在院子里干活时放音乐。A. wear穿、戴；B. exhibit展览；C. wave挥舞；D. hold握住。根据后句“his veteran(老兵) cap（他的老兵帽）”可知安迪会经常自豪地戴上他的老兵帽。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：不过，最重要的是，他喜欢谈论我们的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。A. Different than不同于；B. More than多于；C. Because of因为；D. Instead of代替。根据后句“he delighted in talking about our kids as much as about his.（他喜欢谈论我们的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。）”可知重要的是他喜欢谈论作者他们的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们去度假时，他会照看我们的菜园。A. do damage to对……有害；B. stare at凝视；C. sit around闲坐着；D. keep an eye on照看。根据上句“We watched out for each other.（我们互相照顾）”可知作者他们去度假时，安迪会照看作者的菜园。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们给了他一些我们的产品作为回报。A. produce产品；B. crafts工艺；C. cakes蛋糕；D. money金钱。根据上句“He would ____7____ our vegetable gardens when we went on vacation（我们去度假时，他会照看我们的菜园）”可知作者他们给了安迪一些他们菜园的农产品作为回报。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：：随着时间的推移，由于他的健康问题，我们不再经常看到他出去遛狗了，在冬天，我们帮助他清理积雪。A. selling卖；B. feeding饲养；C. walking步行，牵着……走；D. chasing追赶。walk the dog遛狗，根据下文“his small dog”可推知，此处指安迪不再遛狗了。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，由于他的健康问题，我们不再经常看到他出去遛狗了，在冬天，我们帮助他清理积雪。A. health健康；B. financial金融的；C. political政治的；D. marriage婚姻。根据上句“As more time went by, we didn’t see him out ____9____ his small dog as often（随着时间的推移，我们不再经常看到他）”和下文“Andy died this month.”可知由于他的健康问题，作者他们不再经常看到他出去遛狗了。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，由于他的健康问题，我们不再经常看到他出去遛狗了，在冬天，我们帮助他清理积雪。A. rubbish垃圾；B. smog雾霾；C. snow雪；D. dirt泥土。根据后句“in the winter（在冬天）”可知在冬天，作者他们帮助安迪清理积雪。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们社区的真正纽带是社区的人，安迪，或者，在某些情况下，很多安迪。A. welfare福利；B. influence影响；C. tie纽带；D. faith信任。根据上句“Those ties continued with time passing by.（随着时间的推移，这种联系仍在继续）”可知，此处指社区的纽带。“tie”是原词重现。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 我们的社区建立在他们的基础上，并因他们的情感纽带而加强。A. prevented阻止；B. separated分开；C. widened拓展；D. strengthened加强。根据后句“by their emotional ties.（并因他们的情感纽带）”可知，作者的社区因他们的情感纽带而加强。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在场对我们更有利，他们不在对我们更不利。A. interruption中断；B. performance表演；C. situation情况；D. presence出席，在场。根据后句“and worse for their absence（他们不在对我们更不利）”可知，邻居们在场对作者他们更有利。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪这个月去世了。我会想念他，比他想象的还要想念他。A. evaluates评估；B. knows知道；C. forgets忘记；D. regrets后悔。根据上文我们和安迪之间是情感和上句“Our neighborhoods are built on them, and ____13____ by their emotional ties.（ 我们的社区建立在他们的基础上，并因他们的情感纽带而加强）”可知，此处指作者会想念安迪，比他想象的还要想念他。故选B。
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The combination of music and study has long been ____36____ source of disagreement between adults and children.Parents and teachers alike maintain that ____37____(silent)is important when learning, whereas youngsters insist that ____38____(they)favourite sounds help them concentrate.
Now a study shows that the ____39____(grown-up)have been right all along.Psychologists in Florida tested how fast students wrote essays ____40____ and without music in the background .They ____41____(find)that the sounds slowed progress down by about sixty words per hour. “This demonstrates ____42____(clear)that it is difficult to cope with listening and writing at the same time,”said Dr.Sarah.She also came to the conclusion ____43____ it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than songs. “All types of music had the same effect,” she said in her report. “One’s ability to pay attention and write fluently is likely ____44____ (disturb) by both songs and instrumental music,” she added.
Dr. Sarah claimed the research demonstrated that the idea that music could improve performance was wrong. “Writing an essay is a complex task. You ____45____ (recall) information and putting it in order. But what is particularly worrying is that more and more teenagers are studying in front of the television.”
【答案】36. a 37. silence
38. their 39. grown-ups
40. with 41. found
42. clearly
43. that 44. to be disturbed
45. are recalling
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习时听音乐或做其它事情是否会影响学习效果或降低学习效率。研究表明，学习状态下注意力是非常集中的，一旦有外界声音或因素干扰，是会大大影响学习的。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：长期以来，音乐和学习的结合一直是成人和儿童之间分歧的根源。根据句意表达，此处A source of是......一个根源，符合题意。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。分析句子结构，此句为that引导的宾语从句，此处silent的适当形式在从句作主语，具有名词性，用silence（沉默），符合题意。故填silence。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。此处修饰后面名词sounds，作前置定语，their他们的，符合题意。故填their。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：现在一项研究表明，成年人一直都是对的。结合后面动词have，可知此处名词作主语用复数形式，grown-ups成年人，符合题意。故填grown-ups。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：佛罗里达州的心理学家测试了学生在有音乐背景和没有音乐背景下写文章的速度。根据句意和句子结构，可知和后面介词without构成并列关系，表达“有和没有”，用介词with。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：他们发现这些声音使学习进度每小时慢了大约60个单词。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，根据从句谓语动词slowed，可知此处动词用一般过去时，found发现。故填found。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：莎拉博士说：“这清楚地表明，要同时处理听力和写作是很困难的。”。此处修饰前面动词用副词形式，作状语，clearly清晰地，符合题意。故填clearly。
【43题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：她还得出结论，器乐没有歌曲那么令人不安，这是一个神话。分析句子结构，此句为同位语从句。从句内容是前面名词the conclusion的具体内容，从句是完整的，用连接词that引导。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她补充道：“一个人的注意力和流利写作能力可能会受到歌曲和器乐的干扰。”。be likely to do 可能做某事，后接不定式to。由by both songs and instrumental music可知此处构成被动语态，表达“被干扰”， to be disturbed符合题意。 故填to be disturbed。
【45题详解】
考查动词。句意：您正在回忆信息并对其进行整理。根据语境，结合后面putting，此处作谓语动词，时态为现在进行时，表达“正在回忆”，are recalling符合题意。故填are recalling。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 书面表达 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，即将结束在美国高中为期两周的游学旅行，欢送仪式上，你将致感谢词并向校友赠送体现中国特色的礼物。请用英文写一份演讲稿，主要内容包括：
1. 感谢热情接待；
2. 阐明礼物意义；
3. 邀请其来中国。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Good evening dear teachers and fellow students,
First of all, please allow me, on behalf of the Chinese delegation, to express our gratitude for your warm welcome and hospitable reception. The beauty of your campus and a variety of school activities deeply impress us, and your warmth has made our brief stay here pleasant and memorable.
Here is a Chinese knot for you, a symbol of reunion, friendliness, peace and love in China. With this sign, we wish you greater happiness prosperity and academic progress.
Finally, we’d like to invite you to visit China sometime in near future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在为即将结束在美国高中为期两周的参观访问而举行的欢送仪式上用英文写一份演讲稿，致感谢词并向对方赠送体现中国特色的礼物。
【详解】1.词汇积累
代表：on behalf of→represent/stand for
感激：gratitude →appreciation
各种各样：a variety of →various
希望：wish→expect/hope
2.句式拓展
并列句变复合句
原句： The beauty of your campus and a variety of school activities deeply impress us, and your warmth has made our brief stay here pleasant and memorable.
拓展句： The beauty of your campus and a variety of school activities as well as your warmth deeply impress us, which has made our brief stay here pleasant and memorable.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, please allow me, on behalf of the Chinese delegation, to express our gratitude for your warm welcome and hospitable reception.（运用了祈使句）
【高分句型2】Here is a Chinese knot for you, a symbol of reunion, friendliness, peace and love in China.（运用了倒装句）
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A New Addition to the Family
For the initial ten years of his life, Victor was the prince of the household. As he was an only child, his parents petted him and showered all their love and attention on him. Whatever toys his parents bought, they were always meant for him. Whatever food was in the refrigerator, there was no one to compete with him to polish it off first. Victor could leave his toys or books around the house with complete ease of mind, knowing that there was no one who would get their hands on his belongings and cause any damage.
However, all that was to change overnight when Victor’s parents brought back his new baby sister, Lina, from the hospital. With her rosy cheeks, wide open eyes and angelic smile, Lina caught the hearts of her parents, grandparents and relatives. Everyone focused their attention on the cute bunch of joy. Whenever she cried, her mother or father would rush to her bed. She simply cried because she wanted to be carried. There was little time left for Victor.
Now that Victor’s mother had his baby sister to take care of, she expected Victor himself to do most of the chores he can do. Victor was asked to clean his own room, iron his own school uniform and clean his own shoes. Before Lina’s arrival, he had never lifted a finger to help out with these tasks. The whole family also went out less because it was unhealthy to expose Lina to the bacteria(细菌) being in the outside world too often.
Victor felt neglected by his parents. He felt that they loved Lina more than him. As a result, he tried to attract his parents’ attention by becoming resistant. One evening, Victor’s parents were called up by his teacher because Victor had got into a fight at school. His teacher had noticed Victor’s behaviour and work attitude changing downwards in the past two months. Before that, he had been a model student.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Upon hearing the teacher’s feedback, Victor’s parents got lost in thought.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Victor realized that his parents still cared for him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Upon hearing the teacher’s feedback, Victor’s parents got lost in thought. Since their second child Linda was born, they have devoted all their attention to her. To some degree, they neglected victor’s feelings. After all, he wanted to share the love from parents with Linda. So they made a decision that they should treat the two children equally. Gradually, something changed in the family. After school Victor often found some delicious food and new toys on his desk. When he did his homework, his father came to his room and sat beside him, reading a book quietly, which made him comfortable and warm. At that time, his mother was taking care of his sister Linda. After he finished his homework, his mother asked him to play with Linda. Seeing her sweet smile, he felt so happy.
Victor realized that his parents still cared for him.So he was determined to help his parents take good care of his sister. Having finished his homework, he learned to clean their rooms and do all the chores that he could. While his mother was cooking, he played with his sister happily. He came to realize that he should take responsibility for the family because he grew up.
【解析】
【分析】本文以一个小男孩Victor的感受为线索展开，讲述了在Victor的妹妹Linda出生以后，父母将全部的注意力集中到她身上，这让他感到被忽略，因此他用对抗来引起父母的注意。最后父母也意识到这一点，就做出改变，让Victor重新感受到父母的爱。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到老师的反馈，父母陷入沉思”可知，第一段可描写父母对自己行为的反省。
②由第二段首句内容“Victor意识到父母仍旧关爱他”可知，第二段可描写Victor感受到父母仍旧爱他后的积极行动。
2.续写线索：沉思——反省——改变——陪孩子——感受到爱——回报
3.词汇激活
行为类
①全身心投入：devote all one’s attention to / put one’s heart into
②决定：make a decision/ make up one’s mind
③.照看：take care of / look after
情绪类
①感到高兴：feel happy/ feel pleased
②幸福地：happily / merrily
【点睛】[高分句型1]. So they made a decision that they should treat the two children equally.(运用同位语从句）
[高分句型2]. Having finished his homework, he learned to clean their rooms and do all the chores that he could. (运用现在分词作状语以及定语从句）
厦门外国语学校2023届高三上期末学科限时训练
英语试题
本试卷共12页，总分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所治的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. How will the speakers tour the city?
A. On fool. B. By bus. C. By car.
2. When will the man possibly leave for the hotel?
A. At 7:20. B. At 7:40. C. At 8:00.
3. What does the man stress?
A. Environmental pollution. B. White pollution prediction. C. Environmental conservation.
4. How does the man feel about his new office?
A. Terrible. B. Bored. C. Satisfied.
5. What is the possible relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Classmates. C. Neighbors.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What’s the weather like today?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
7 Which season might it be in the man’s country now?
A. Winter. B. Summer. C. Spring.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where doe the conversation probably take place?
A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel.
9. How does the man pay?
A. In cash. B. By deposit card. C. By credit card.
10. What number can the man call if he needs a hair drier?
A. 0817. B. 0870. C. 8507.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. What is the man’s younger brother like?
A. He is smart and naughty. B. He is really fun and playful. C. He is serious but humorous.
12. What is the man’s father?
A. A worker. B. A lawyer. C. A novelist.
13. What are they mainly talking about?
A. Scaring mysteries. B. Police dramas. C. The family members.
14 What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The speakers must be a couple.
B. The man knows his family well.
C. The woman also loves horror novels.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. Where did the woman know about the position?
A. In a newspaper. B. On the Internet. C. From her friend.
16. What is the woman good at?
A. English teaching. B. Computer operation. C. Activity organization.
17. Why did the woman leave the previous school?
A. She lives far from her former school.
B. Her former headmaster disliked her.
C. She failed to finish the assignments.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the monologue mainly about?
A. Tips on avoiding sports injury.
B. Benefits and ways of regular exercise.
C. Recommendations for sports equipment.
19. What exercise can make you more flexible?
A. Balance exercises. B. Strength exercises. C. Various stretches.
20. What do we know about the goals of workouts?
A. The goals should be easy and achievable.
B. It’s helpful to reward yourself for reaching goals.
C. Ten minutes will get you nowhere towards goals.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The capital of a country is often a very populated city where much history has been made due to the high-level political and economic functions that occur there. However, sometimes government leaders decide to move the capital from one city to another. Capital relocation has been done hundreds of times throughout history. The ancient Egyptians, Romans, and Chinese changed their capital frequently.
Some countries choose new capitals that are more easily defended in a time of invasion (侵略) or war. Some new capitals are planned and built in previously undeveloped areas to promote development. Countries sometimes change their capital because they expect some type of political, social, or economic benefit. They hope and expect that the new capitals will surely develop into cultural treasure and hopefully make the country a more stable place.
Here are capital relocations that have occurred in approximately the last few centuries.
Asia
Japan
from Kyoto to Tokyo — 1868
Turkey
from Istanbul to Ankara — 1923
Israel
from Tel Aviv-Jaffo to Jerusalem — 1950
Europe
Poland
from Krakow to Warsaw — 1596
Finland
from Turku to Helsinki — 1812
Italy
from Turin to Florence to Salerno to Rome — 1871
The Americas
The US
from New York to Washington — 1800
Jamaica
from Port Royal to Spanish Town to Kingston — 1872
Oceania
New Zealand
from Auckland to Wellington — 1865
1. Why did some countries decide to move the capital?
A. To further expand their land.
B. To uncover ancient treasure.
C. To develop undeveloped areas.
D. To declare war on another country.
2. Which country was the earliest to move its capital?
A. Turkey. B. Poland.
C. The United Sate. D. New Zealand.
3. What do Italy and Jamaica have in common?
A. They moved the capitals more than once.
B. Their capitals were destroyed in the war.
C. They moved their capitals in the same year.
D. Their capitals moved because of the economy.
B
It’s no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became.
When spring semester ended that first year at college, I had good grades, but I did not have two quarters to my name. I decided that if I could afford to be a full-time student, I would need to work a full-time job. Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do “deep cleaning”, which meant cleaning everything and even I had to check every safety compartment and replace any missing items. This could be disgusting work.
Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not fit easily together. Some days 1 was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didn’t have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.
Ultimately, I chose to temporarily stop going to school and to continue working, a decision. I would later regret. The airline closed for various reasons. I felt stupid. I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. I’d finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, and your education is forever.
4. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?
A. He met with a long boring semester. B. Food accounted for his biggest expense.
C. He left himself financially embarrassed. D. His financial aid could cover his necessities.
5. What does the underlined word “detailed” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Cleaned. B. Listed. C. Repaired. D. Replaced.
6. Which of the following best describes the author in paragraph 3?
A. Confused. B. Critical. C. Decisive. D. Diligent.
7. What is conveyed in the text?
A. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
B. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
C. One should be financially supported by himself.
D. The significance of schooling should be recognized.
C
After a three-year delay, M+，Hong Kong’s museum dedicated to Chinese visual culture, opened to the public It contains an astonishing collection of art with works by some celebrities. The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New York’s MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.
M+ wouldn’t have been possible without Swiss businessman and art collector Uli Sigg, who in 2012 donated and sold 1,510 Chinese contemporary works of art to the museum. Michael Schindhelm’s 2016 documentary, The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg, looked back at Sigg’s life and how he accumulated his collection to preserve contemporary Chinese art for three decades. In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to view himself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.”
Chinese Lives follows Sigg’s life in time order, starting in 1979, the year that he first went to China as a representative of the Swiss elevator manufacturer. In 1995 Sigg became the Swiss Ambassador to China, which lasted until 1999. He was buying art with an objective eye, one towards preserving culture.
Moving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Sigg’s efforts. He created the Chinese ContemporaryArt Award, an award that functioned to get artists noticed by important Western artists and galley owner. At the same time, pieces by Chine artists were gaining more and more global reputations.
Following Sigg’s announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. The documentary is a good starting point to familiarize oneself with contemporary Chinese art and the man who helped expose it to the world.
8. Why does the author mention “MoMA” in paragraph 1?
A. To enrich our knowledge.
B. To memorize art celebrities.
C. To deepen M+ museum’s popularity.
D. To indicate M+ museum’s significance.
9. Which identity would Uli Sigg most probably agree with?
A. A contemporary artist.
B. A researcher of Chinese art.
C. A collector of contemporary art.
D. An ambassador with artistic taste.
10. What can we infer from The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg?
A. Sigg offered money to Chinese artists.
B. Sigg was the director of the documentary.
C. Sigg made great efforts to promote Chinese art.
D. Sigg was the Swiss Ambassador to China in 2000.
11. What is Uli Sigg like?
A. He is strict and ambitious.
B. He is caring and creative.
C. He is devoted and generous.
D. He is hopeful and humorous.
D
For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance beak (喙) size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.
All that fits nicely with evolutionary (进化的) theory. “Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附加物) than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.
Ryding’s team combined data from different species in different places. Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.
Honestly, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise stay for essentially forever.
12. Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?
A. They are following the new trends.
B. They have to adapt to warmer climate.
C. Scientists need them to do experiments.
D. Larger parts tend to help them feed well.
13. Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts?
A. In mild areas. B. In hot places.
C. In the Arctic. D. In deserted regions.
14. What do we know about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs?
A. It comes at a cost.
B. Its cause is definite.
C. It happens in the same habitat.
D. Its process will end soon.
15. What can be a suitable tile for the text?
A. Living on a Warming Planet
B. Measures to Remove Heat
C. Pioneering Research on Animals
D. Evolution to Survive Heat
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, laughter has many profound physiological and psychological benefits. It can relax muscles, promote mental and psychological well-being, etc. But we have become so busy with our daily routines that we rarely laugh. Laughter Online University found that children laugh 300 to 400 times on an average, whereas adults laugh only 17.5 times in a day. ____16____ But if you still don’t know why you should laugh, here are some benefits of laughter for you.
◆Reduce stress
____17____ There is science behind this. When you get stressed, your body releases hormones. Continuous releases of these hormones may cause anxiety, depression, and heart diseases. But when you laugh, the stress hormones get reduced and helps you relieve you stress.
◆Ensure a healthy relationship
My friend and I used to have issues and never talked for over a month.But suddenly, one day, she sent me a super funny meme (表情包) while on call, and we both laughed at it. Just laughing together made us come closer. ____18____
Boost your confidence Have you ever experienced that when you laugh at a fearful situation, you feel more courage and confidence? ____19____ Once I had to deliver a speech at a school meeting, and I felt extreme fear.I was sweating in buckets and felt as if the land beneath my feet is shaking. But I tried to talk with a friend and laughed for a few seconds just to show myself cool. ____20____ I felt as if I could do this and experienced a fantastic sense of confidence.
A. Laughter is a powerful stress killer.
B. If you ask me, I have experienced this.
C. I had anger issues when I was in school.
D. This simple laughter had a significant effect on me.
E. It also helps us forget problems and cherish friendship.
F. Laughter can help you think clearly and more effectively.
G. No wonder why we adults suffer mental problems like anxiety.
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We moved into a new neighborhood in 1990, Andy was pretty much the first person we ____21____. He came across the street to ____22____ us. Having lived there since 1967, he was warm and kind, full of ____23____. He would introduce to us which bakery for cakes, which store for shopping and ____24____ the occupations of everyone around us.
Andy would proudly and regularly ____25____ his veteran (老兵) cap and play music while doing yard work. ____26____ anything, though, he delighted in talking about our kids as much as about his. We watched out for each other. He would ____27____ our vegetable gardens when we went on vacation; we gave him some of our ____28____ in return. Andy and I would also complain about the big trucks that used our streets as a shortcut. As more time went by, we didn’t see him out ____29____ his small dog as often due to his ____30____ problem, and we’d help with clearing the ____31____ in the winter. Those ties continued with time passing by.
But the real ____32____ of our neighborhoods is their people — an Andy, or, in some cases, many Andys. Our neighborhoods are built on them, and ____33____ by their emotional ties. We are better for their ____34____, and worse for their absence.
Andy died this month. I will miss him, more than he ____35____.
21. A. met B. recalled C. thanked D. admired
22. A. treat B. greet C. criticize D. comfort
23. A. happiness B. energy C. knowledge D. information
24. A. still B. even C. ever D. never
25. A. wear B. exhibit C. wave D. hold
26. A. Different than B. More than C. Because of D. Instead of
27. A. do damage to B. stare at C. sit around D. keep an eye on
28. A. produce B. crafts C. cakes D. money
29. A. selling B. feeding C. walking D. chasing
30. A. health B. financial C. political D. marriage
31. A. rubbish B. smog C. snow D. dirt
32. A. welfare B. influence C. tie D. faith
33. A. prevented B. separated C. widened D. strengthened
34. A. interruption B. performance C. situation D. presence
35. A. evaluates B. knows C. forgets D. regrets
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The combination of music and study has long been ____36____ source of disagreement between adults and children.Parents and teachers alike maintain that ____37____(silent)is important when learning, whereas youngsters insist that ____38____(they)favourite sounds help them concentrate.
Now a study shows that the ____39____(grown-up)have been right all along.Psychologists in Florida tested how fast students wrote essays ____40____ and without music in the background .They ____41____(find)that the sounds slowed progress down by about sixty words per hour. “This demonstrates ____42____(clear)that it is difficult to cope with listening and writing at the same time,”said Dr.Sarah.She also came to the conclusion ____43____ it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than songs. “All types of music had the same effect,” she said in her report. “One’s ability to pay attention and write fluently is likely ____44____ (disturb) by both songs and instrumental music,” she added.
Dr. Sarah claimed the research demonstrated that the idea that music could improve performance was wrong. “Writing an essay is a complex task. You ____45____ (recall) information and putting it in order. But what is particularly worrying is that more and more teenagers are studying in front of the television.”
【答案】36. a 37. silence
38. their 39. grown-ups
40. with 41. found
42. clearly
43. that 44. to be disturbed
45. are recalling
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 书面表达 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，即将结束在美国高中为期两周的游学旅行，欢送仪式上，你将致感谢词并向校友赠送体现中国特色的礼物。请用英文写一份演讲稿，主要内容包括：
1. 感谢热情接待；
2. 阐明礼物意义；
3. 邀请其来中国。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A New Addition to the Family
For the initial ten years of his life, Victor was the prince of the household. As he was an only child, his parents petted him and showered all their love and attention on him. Whatever toys his parents bought, they were always meant for him. Whatever food was in the refrigerator, there was no one to compete with him to polish it off first. Victor could leave his toys or books around the house with complete ease of mind, knowing that there was no one who would get their hands on his belongings and cause any damage.
However, all that was to change overnight when Victor’s parents brought back his new baby sister, Lina, from the hospital. With her rosy cheeks, wide open eyes and angelic smile, Lina caught the hearts of her parents, grandparents and relatives. Everyone focused their attention on the cute bunch of joy. Whenever she cried, her mother or father would rush to her bed. She simply cried because she wanted to be carried. There was little time left for Victor.
Now that Victor’s mother had his baby sister to take care of, she expected Victor himself to do most of the chores he can do. Victor was asked to clean his own room, iron his own school uniform and clean his own shoes. Before Lina’s arrival, he had never lifted a finger to help out with these tasks. The whole family also went out less because it was unhealthy to expose Lina to the bacteria(细菌) being in the outside world too often.
Victor felt neglected by his parents. He felt that they loved Lina more than him. As a result, he tried to attract his parents’ attention by becoming resistant. One evening, Victor’s parents were called up by his teacher because Victor had got into a fight at school. His teacher had noticed Victor’s behaviour and work attitude changing downwards in the past two months. Before that, he had been a model student.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Upon hearing the teacher’s feedback, Victor’s parents got lost in thought.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Victor realized that his parents still cared for him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
厦门外国语学校2023届高三上期末学科限时训练
英语试题
本试卷共12页，总分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所治的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. How will the speakers tour the city?
A. On fool. B. By bus. C. By car.
2. When will the man possibly leave for the hotel?
A. At 7:20. B. At 7:40. C. At 8:00.
3. What does the man stress?
A. Environmental pollution. B. White pollution prediction. C. Environmental conservation.
4. How does the man feel about his new office?
A. Terrible. B. Bored. C. Satisfied.
5. What is the possible relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Classmates. C. Neighbors.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What’s the weather like today?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
7 Which season might it be in the man’s country now?
A. Winter. B. Summer. C. Spring.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where doe the conversation probably take place?
A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel.
9. How does the man pay?
A. In cash. B. By deposit card. C. By credit card.
10. What number can the man call if he needs a hair drier?
A. 0817. B. 0870. C. 8507.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. What is the man’s younger brother like?
A. He is smart and naughty. B. He is really fun and playful. C. He is serious but humorous.
12. What is the man’s father?
A. A worker. B. A lawyer. C. A novelist.
13. What are they mainly talking about?
A. Scaring mysteries. B. Police dramas. C. The family members.
14 What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The speakers must be a couple.
B. The man knows his family well.
C. The woman also loves horror novels.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. Where did the woman know about the position?
A. In a newspaper. B. On the Internet. C. From her friend.
16. What is the woman good at?
A. English teaching. B. Computer operation. C. Activity organization.
17. Why did the woman leave the previous school?
A. She lives far from her former school.
B. Her former headmaster disliked her.
C. She failed to finish the assignments.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the monologue mainly about?
A. Tips on avoiding sports injury.
B. Benefits and ways of regular exercise.
C. Recommendations for sports equipment.
19. What exercise can make you more flexible?
A. Balance exercises. B. Strength exercises. C. Various stretches.
20. What do we know about the goals of workouts?
A. The goals should be easy and achievable.
B. It’s helpful to reward yourself for reaching goals.
C. Ten minutes will get you nowhere towards goals.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The capital of a country is often a very populated city where much history has been made due to the high-level political and economic functions that occur there. However, sometimes government leaders decide to move the capital from one city to another. Capital relocation has been done hundreds of times throughout history. The ancient Egyptians, Romans, and Chinese changed their capital frequently.
Some countries choose new capitals that are more easily defended in a time of invasion (侵略) or war. Some new capitals are planned and built in previously undeveloped areas to promote development. Countries sometimes change their capital because they expect some type of political, social, or economic benefit. They hope and expect that the new capitals will surely develop into cultural treasure and hopefully make the country a more stable place.
Here are capital relocations that have occurred in approximately the last few centuries.
Asia
Japan
from Kyoto to Tokyo — 1868
Turkey
from Istanbul to Ankara — 1923
Israel
from Tel Aviv-Jaffo to Jerusalem — 1950
Europe
Poland
from Krakow to Warsaw — 1596
Finland
from Turku to Helsinki — 1812
Italy
from Turin to Florence to Salerno to Rome — 1871
The Americas
The US
from New York to Washington — 1800
Jamaica
from Port Royal to Spanish Town to Kingston — 1872
Oceania
New Zealand
from Auckland to Wellington — 1865
1. Why did some countries decide to move the capital?
A. To further expand their land.
B. To uncover ancient treasure.
C. To develop undeveloped areas.
D. To declare war on another country.
2. Which country was the earliest to move its capital?
A. Turkey. B. Poland.
C. The United Sate. D. New Zealand.
3. What do Italy and Jamaica have in common?
A. They moved the capitals more than once.
B. Their capitals were destroyed in the war.
C. They moved their capitals in the same year.
D. Their capitals moved because of the economy.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了历史上一些经常迁都的国家以及其背后的原因。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Some new capitals are planned and built in previously undeveloped areas to promote development.( 一些新的首都被规划和建设在以前未开发的地区，以促进发展。)”可知，一些国家决定迁都是为了开发欠发达地区。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据表格中“Poland from Krakow to Warsaw — 1596 (波兰于1596年将首都从克拉科夫迁到华沙)”可推知，波兰于1596年将首都从克拉科夫迁到华沙；再对比表格中其它国家迁都的时间可知，波兰迁都的时间最早。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中“Italy from Turin to Florence to Salerno to Rome — 1871 (意大利在1871年将首都从都灵迁到佛罗伦萨，再迁到到萨勒诺，最后再迁到罗马)”可知，意大利曾经将首都从都灵迁到佛罗伦萨，再迁到到萨勒诺，最后再迁到罗马；再结合表格中“Jamaica from Port Royal to Spanish Town to Kingston-1872 (牙买加在1872年将首都从皇家港迁到西班牙城，最后再迁到金斯敦)”可知，牙买加曾将首都从皇家港迁到西班牙城，最后再迁到金斯敦。由此可知，意大利和牙买加的共同之处在于这两个国家都不止一次迁都。故选A。
B
It’s no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became.
When spring semester ended that first year at college, I had good grades, but I did not have two quarters to my name. I decided that if I could afford to be a full-time student, I would need to work a full-time job. Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do “deep cleaning”, which meant cleaning everything and even I had to check every safety compartment and replace any missing items. This could be disgusting work.
Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not fit easily together. Some days 1 was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didn’t have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.
Ultimately, I chose to temporarily stop going to school and to continue working, a decision. I would later regret. The airline closed for various reasons. I felt stupid. I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. I’d finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, and your education is forever.
4. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?
A. He met with a long boring semester. B. Food accounted for his biggest expense.
C. He left himself financially embarrassed. D. His financial aid could cover his necessities.
5. What does the underlined word “detailed” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Cleaned. B. Listed. C. Repaired. D. Replaced.
6. Which of the following best describes the author in paragraph 3?
A. Confused. B. Critical. C. Decisive. D. Diligent.
7. What is conveyed in the text?
A. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
B. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
C. One should be financially supported by himself.
D. The significance of schooling should be recognized.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在经济上陷入困境，为了负担得起成为一名全日制学生，作者开始做一份全职工作，结果因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告，只能选择暂时停止上学，继续工作。后来公司关闭了，作者为自己的决定后悔。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became.(大学学费昂贵已经不是什么秘密了。我得到了经济援助，我能够负担入学费用、书籍、用品、课程材料和其他与学校相关的费用。但我负担不起住房、交通、食物、医疗和其他基本生活必需品。每学期时间越长，做出选择就越困难)”可推知，作者在经济上陷入困境。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I (很快，我开始在机场做飞机客舱清洁工。我在机场的第一班是夜班，我)”可知，作者很快开始在机场做飞机客舱清洁工，在机场的第一个班次是夜班，就要清理各种大小的飞机。故画线词意思是“清理”。A. Cleaned.清理；B. Listed.列出；C. Repaired.修理；D. Replaced.替换。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not ft easily together. Some days I was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didn’t have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.(另一个让我很难过的事实是，在机场工作和上学不太容易兼顾。有几天我上了夜班，累得连上课都去不了。另一些日子，由于工作日繁忙，我没有时间完成学校的作业。在秋季学期结束时，我因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告。我又一次处于进退两难的境地，不得不做出决定。我想去上学，取得优异成绩，但我也已经习惯了在经济上养活自己)”可推知，作者很困惑。全科免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. I’d finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, and your education is forever. (我为这份工作付出了很多，甚至牺牲了我的教育，现在我将既没有工作也没有教育。我终于明白了我祖母曾经说过的一句话：你的工作是暂时的，而你所受的教育是永远的)”可推知，学校教育的重要性应该得到承认。故选D。
C
After a three-year delay, M+，Hong Kong’s museum dedicated to Chinese visual culture, opened to the public It contains an astonishing collection of art with works by some celebrities. The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New York’s MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.
M+ wouldn’t have been possible without Swiss businessman and art collector Uli Sigg, who in 2012 donated and sold 1,510 Chinese contemporary works of art to the museum. Michael Schindhelm’s 2016 documentary, The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg, looked back at Sigg’s life and how he accumulated his collection to preserve contemporary Chinese art for three decades. In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to view himself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.”
Chinese Lives follows Sigg’s life in time order, starting in 1979, the year that he first went to China as a representative of the Swiss elevator manufacturer. In 1995 Sigg became the Swiss Ambassador to China, which lasted until 1999. He was buying art with an objective eye, one towards preserving culture.
Moving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Sigg’s efforts. He created the Chinese ContemporaryArt Award, an award that functioned to get artists noticed by important Western artists and galley owner. At the same time, pieces by Chine artists were gaining more and more global reputations.
Following Sigg’s announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. The documentary is a good starting point to familiarize oneself with contemporary Chinese art and the man who helped expose it to the world.
8. Why does the author mention “MoMA” in paragraph 1?
A. To enrich our knowledge.
B. To memorize art celebrities.
C. To deepen M+ museum’s popularity.
D. To indicate M+ museum’s significance.
9. Which identity would Uli Sigg most probably agree with?
A. A contemporary artist.
B. A researcher of Chinese art.
C. A collector of contemporary art.
D. An ambassador with artistic taste.
10. What can we infer from The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg?
A. Sigg offered money to Chinese artists.
B. Sigg was the director of the documentary.
C. Sigg made great efforts to promote Chinese art.
D. Sigg was the Swiss Ambassador to China in 2000.
11. What is Uli Sigg like?
A. He is strict and ambitious.
B. He is caring and creative.
C. He is devoted and generous.
D. He is hopeful and humorous.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章瑞士商人和艺术收藏家乌利·西格（Uli Sigg）对香港博物馆乃至对中国现代艺术的贡献。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New York’s MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.”（前执行董事Lars Nittve认为，就深度和文化重要性而言，M+与纽约的MoMA或巴黎的蓬皮杜中心一样重要。）可知，作者在第一段中提到“MoMA”是为了表明M+博物馆的重要性。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to view himself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.””（在影片的采访中，碰巧购买了他的一些研究成果的Sigg更愿意把自己视为“一名中国和中国当代艺术的研究者。”）说明Uli Sigg很可能会同意他自己是一位中国艺术研究者的观点。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Moving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Sigg’s efforts. ”（进入21世纪，由于Sigg努力，中国艺术引起了国际关注。）以及后文，可知Sigg为促进中国艺术做出了巨大的努力。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Following Sigg’s announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. ”（在Sigg宣布将把相当大一部分藏品捐赠给即将开放的M+博物馆后，中国人的生活以一个充满希望的音符结束，因为中国艺术界仍在不断增长。）以及之前Sigg一直致力于宣传中国艺术，说明Sigg是一个专一和慷慨大方的人。故选C项。
D
For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance beak (喙) size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.
All that fits nicely with evolutionary (进化的) theory. “Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附加物) than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.
Ryding’s team combined data from different species in different places. Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.
Honestly, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise stay for essentially forever.
12. Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?
A. They are following the new trends.
B. They have to adapt to warmer climate.
C. Scientists need them to do experiments.
D. Larger parts tend to help them feed well.
13. Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts?
A. In mild areas. B. In hot places.
C. In the Arctic. D. In deserted regions.
14. What do we know about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs?
A. It comes at a cost.
B. Its cause is definite.
C. It happens in the same habitat.
D. Its process will end soon.
15. What can be a suitable tile for the text?
A. Living on a Warming Planet
B. Measures to Remove Heat
C. Pioneering Research on Animals
D. Evolution to Survive Heat
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章具体叙述了气候变化与进化的联系。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. ”(动物将不得不依靠改变自己的身体或行为。)可知，有些物种长得更大是因为它们必须适应更温暖的气候。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages(附加物) than those in mild areas. ”(“艾伦法则”是以乔·艾伦的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这个观点，认为生活在炎热地区的温血动物往往比生活在温和地区的温血动物有更大的附肢。)可知，温血动物在炎热的地方可能有更大的身体部位。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.”(任何进化适应都需要权衡取舍，目前尚不清楚这一过程可能会走多远。例如，较大的喙可能会妨碍进食。更大的翅膀更重，更大的腿需要更多的能量才能成长。)可知，动物的变化是有代价的。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. ”(动物将不得不依靠改变自己的身体或行为。)以及全文大意，本文主要讲述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章具体叙述了气候变化与进化的联系。D项“Evolution to Survive Heat（在高温下生存的进化）”符合题意。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, laughter has many profound physiological and psychological benefits. It can relax muscles, promote mental and psychological well-being, etc. But we have become so busy with our daily routines that we rarely laugh. Laughter Online University found that children laugh 300 to 400 times on an average, whereas adults laugh only 17.5 times in a day. ____16____ But if you still don’t know why you should laugh, here are some benefits of laughter for you.
◆Reduce stress
____17____ There is science behind this. When you get stressed, your body releases hormones. Continuous releases of these hormones may cause anxiety, depression, and heart diseases. But when you laugh, the stress hormones get reduced and helps you relieve you stress.
◆Ensure a healthy relationship
My friend and I used to have issues and never talked for over a month.But suddenly, one day, she sent me a super funny meme (表情包) while on call, and we both laughed at it. Just laughing together made us come closer. ____18____
Boost your confidence Have you ever experienced that when you laugh at a fearful situation, you feel more courage and confidence? ____19____ Once I had to deliver a speech at a school meeting, and I felt extreme fear.I was sweating in buckets and felt as if the land beneath my feet is shaking. But I tried to talk with a friend and laughed for a few seconds just to show myself cool. ____20____ I felt as if I could do this and experienced a fantastic sense of confidence.
A. Laughter is a powerful stress killer.
B. If you ask me, I have experienced this.
C. I had anger issues when I was in school.
D. This simple laughter had a significant effect on me.
E. It also helps us forget problems and cherish friendship.
F. Laughter can help you think clearly and more effectively.
G. No wonder why we adults suffer mental problems like anxiety.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍大笑对我们的身心有好处，并列举了三个具体的益处。
16题详解】
上文“Laughter Online University found that children laugh 300 to 400 times on an average, whereas adults laugh only 17.5 times in a day. (笑在线大学发现，儿童平均大笑300到400次，而成年人一天只大笑17.5次)”说明儿童每天大笑的次数比成年人多，以及下文“But if you still don’t know why you should laugh, here are some benefits of laughter for you. (但是如果你仍然不知道为什么你应该笑，下面是一些大笑的好处)”说明大笑是有好处的，空处应说明成年人笑的少，会有坏处，G项“难怪我们成年人会遭受焦虑等心理问题”符合题意。故选G。
【17题详解】
上文“Reduce stress(减少压力)”说明大笑的好处之一是可以减少压力，A项中a powerful stress killer是关键词，A项“笑是一种强大的压力杀手”符合题意。故选A。
【18题详解】
上文“Just laughing together made us come closer. (一起笑让我们的关系更紧密)”说明大笑会有助于保持紧密的关系，E项中friendship是关键词，大笑可以帮助珍惜友谊，E项“它也帮助我们忘记问题，珍惜友谊”符合题意。故选E。
【19题详解】
上文“Have you ever experienced that when you laugh at a fearful situation, you feel more courage and confidence? (你有没有经历过在一个可怕的处境中大笑，你会感觉到更多的勇气和信心？)”说明作者在问别人是否经历过这样的情况，下文应说明介绍作者的个人经历，B项“如果你问我，我曾经经历过”符合题意。故选B。
【20题详解】
上文“But I tried to talk with a friend and laughed for a few seconds just to show myself cool. (但我努力和一个朋友聊天，大笑几秒钟，只是为了展示自己很酷)”说明大笑对作者产生了好的影响，D项“这种简单的笑声对我产生了很大的影响”符合题意。故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We moved into a new neighborhood in 1990, Andy was pretty much the first person we ____21____. He came across the street to ____22____ us. Having lived there since 1967, he was warm and kind, full of ____23____. He would introduce to us which bakery for cakes, which store for shopping and ____24____ the occupations of everyone around us.
Andy would proudly and regularly ____25____ his veteran (老兵) cap and play music while doing yard work. ____26____ anything, though, he delighted in talking about our kids as much as about his. We watched out for each other. He would ____27____ our vegetable gardens when we went on vacation; we gave him some of our ____28____ in return. Andy and I would also complain about the big trucks that used our streets as a shortcut. As more time went by, we didn’t see him out ____29____ his small dog as often due to his ____30____ problem, and we’d help with clearing the ____31____ in the winter. Those ties continued with time passing by.
But the real ____32____ of our neighborhoods is their people — an Andy, or, in some cases, many Andys. Our neighborhoods are built on them, and ____33____ by their emotional ties. We are better for their ____34____, and worse for their absence.
Andy died this month. I will miss him, more than he ____35____.
21. A. met B. recalled C. thanked D. admired
22. A. treat B. greet C. criticize D. comfort
23. A. happiness B. energy C. knowledge D. information
24. A. still B. even C. ever D. never
25. A. wear B. exhibit C. wave D. hold
26. A. Different than B. More than C. Because of D. Instead of
27. A. do damage to B. stare at C. sit around D. keep an eye on
28. A. produce B. crafts C. cakes D. money
29. A. selling B. feeding C. walking D. chasing
30. A. health B. financial C. political D. marriage
31. A. rubbish B. smog C. snow D. dirt
32. A. welfare B. influence C. tie D. faith
33. A. prevented B. separated C. widened D. strengthened
34. A. interruption B. performance C. situation D. presence
35. A. evaluates B. knows C. forgets D. regrets
【答案】21 A 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在搬到一个新社区后，安迪对作者的热情帮助，作者了解到社区的真正纽带是社区的人，社区因成员之间的情感纽带而加强。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在1990年搬到一个新社区，安迪几乎是我们遇到的第一个人。A. met碰见；B. recalled回忆；C. thanked感谢；D. admired钦佩。根据上句“We moved into a new neighborhood in 1990（我们在1990年搬进了一个新社区）”以及后句“He came across the street to ____2____ us（他穿过马路向我们打招呼）”可知安迪是作者他们遇到的第一个人。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他穿过马路向我们打招呼。A. treat对待；B. greet问候；C. criticize批评；D. comfort安慰。根据下文“he was warm and kind”可知，安迪是一个热情的人，因此推知他会向作者他们打招呼。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自1967年以来一直住在那里，他热情善良，充满活力。A. happiness快乐；B. energy精力，活力；C. knowledge知识；D. information信息。根据上句 “he was warm and kind（他热情善良）”可知安迪是充满活力的。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他会给我们介绍去哪家面包店买蛋糕，去哪家商店购物，甚至介绍我们周围每个人的职业。A. still仍然；B. even甚至；C. ever曾经；D. never从未。根据上句“____3____. He would introduce to us which bakery for cakes, which store for shopping”可知，安迪甚至介绍作者周围每个人的职业。此处用even表示语气加强。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪会经常自豪地戴上他的老兵帽，在院子里干活时放音乐。A. wear穿、戴；B. exhibit展览；C. wave挥舞；D. hold握住。根据后句“his veteran(老兵) cap（他的老兵帽）”可知安迪会经常自豪地戴上他的老兵帽。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：不过，最重要的是，他喜欢谈论我们的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。A. Different than不同于；B. More than多于；C. Because of因为；D. Instead of代替。根据后句“he delighted in talking about our kids as much as about his.（他喜欢谈论我们的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。）”可知重要的是他喜欢谈论作者他们的孩子，就像谈论他自己的孩子一样。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们去度假时，他会照看我们的菜园。A. do damage to对……有害；B. stare at凝视；C. sit around闲坐着；D. keep an eye on照看。根据上句“We watched out for each other.（我们互相照顾）”可知作者他们去度假时，安迪会照看作者的菜园。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们给了他一些我们的产品作为回报。A. produce产品；B. crafts工艺；C. cakes蛋糕；D. money金钱。根据上句“He would ____7____ our vegetable gardens when we went on vacation（我们去度假时，他会照看我们的菜园）”可知作者他们给了安迪一些他们菜园的农产品作为回报。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：：随着时间的推移，由于他的健康问题，我们不再经常看到他出去遛狗了，在冬天，我们帮助他清理积雪。A. selling卖；B. feeding饲养；C. walking步行，牵着……走；D. chasing追赶。walk the dog遛狗，根据下文“his small dog”可推知，此处指安迪不再遛狗了。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，由于他的健康问题，我们不再经常看到他出去遛狗了，在冬天，我们帮助他清理积雪。A. health健康；B. financial金融的；C. political政治的；D. marriage婚姻。根据上句“As more time went by, we didn’t see him out ____9____ his small dog as often（随着时间的推移，我们不再经常看到他）”和下文“Andy died this month.”可知由于他的健康问题，作者他们不再经常看到他出去遛狗了。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，由于他的健康问题，我们不再经常看到他出去遛狗了，在冬天，我们帮助他清理积雪。A. rubbish垃圾；B. smog雾霾；C. snow雪；D. dirt泥土。根据后句“in the winter（在冬天）”可知在冬天，作者他们帮助安迪清理积雪。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们社区的真正纽带是社区的人，安迪，或者，在某些情况下，很多安迪。A. welfare福利；B. influence影响；C. tie纽带；D. faith信任。根据上句“Those ties continued with time passing by.（随着时间的推移，这种联系仍在继续）”可知，此处指社区的纽带。“tie”是原词重现。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 我们的社区建立在他们的基础上，并因他们的情感纽带而加强。A. prevented阻止；B. separated分开；C. widened拓展；D. strengthened加强。根据后句“by their emotional ties.（并因他们的情感纽带）”可知，作者的社区因他们的情感纽带而加强。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在场对我们更有利，他们不在对我们更不利。A. interruption中断；B. performance表演；C. situation情况；D. presence出席，在场。根据后句“and worse for their absence（他们不在对我们更不利）”可知，邻居们在场对作者他们更有利。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪这个月去世了。我会想念他，比他想象的还要想念他。A. evaluates评估；B. knows知道；C. forgets忘记；D. regrets后悔。根据上文我们和安迪之间是情感和上句“Our neighborhoods are built on them, and ____13____ by their emotional ties.（ 我们的社区建立在他们的基础上，并因他们的情感纽带而加强）”可知，此处指作者会想念安迪，比他想象的还要想念他。故选B。
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The combination of music and study has long been ____36____ source of disagreement between adults and children.Parents and teachers alike maintain that ____37____(silent)is important when learning, whereas youngsters insist that ____38____(they)favourite sounds help them concentrate.
Now a study shows that the ____39____(grown-up)have been right all along.Psychologists in Florida tested how fast students wrote essays ____40____ and without music in the background .They ____41____(find)that the sounds slowed progress down by about sixty words per hour. “This demonstrates ____42____(clear)that it is difficult to cope with listening and writing at the same time,”said Dr.Sarah.She also came to the conclusion ____43____ it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than songs. “All types of music had the same effect,” she said in her report. “One’s ability to pay attention and write fluently is likely ____44____ (disturb) by both songs and instrumental music,” she added.
Dr. Sarah claimed the research demonstrated that the idea that music could improve performance was wrong. “Writing an essay is a complex task. You ____45____ (recall) information and putting it in order. But what is particularly worrying is that more and more teenagers are studying in front of the television.”
【答案】36. a 37. silence
38. their 39. grown-ups
40. with 41. found
42. clearly
43. that 44. to be disturbed
45. are recalling
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习时听音乐或做其它事情是否会影响学习效果或降低学习效率。研究表明，学习状态下注意力是非常集中的，一旦有外界声音或因素干扰，是会大大影响学习的。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：长期以来，音乐和学习的结合一直是成人和儿童之间分歧的根源。根据句意表达，此处A source of是......一个根源，符合题意。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。分析句子结构，此句为that引导的宾语从句，此处silent的适当形式在从句作主语，具有名词性，用silence（沉默），符合题意。故填silence。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。此处修饰后面名词sounds，作前置定语，their他们的，符合题意。故填their。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：现在一项研究表明，成年人一直都是对的。结合后面动词have，可知此处名词作主语用复数形式，grown-ups成年人，符合题意。故填grown-ups。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：佛罗里达州的心理学家测试了学生在有音乐背景和没有音乐背景下写文章的速度。根据句意和句子结构，可知和后面介词without构成并列关系，表达“有和没有”，用介词with。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：他们发现这些声音使学习进度每小时慢了大约60个单词。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，根据从句谓语动词slowed，可知此处动词用一般过去时，found发现。故填found。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：莎拉博士说：“这清楚地表明，要同时处理听力和写作是很困难的。”。此处修饰前面动词用副词形式，作状语，clearly清晰地，符合题意。故填clearly。
【43题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：她还得出结论，器乐没有歌曲那么令人不安，这是一个神话。分析句子结构，此句为同位语从句。从句内容是前面名词the conclusion的具体内容，从句是完整的，用连接词that引导。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她补充道：“一个人的注意力和流利写作能力可能会受到歌曲和器乐的干扰。”。be likely to do 可能做某事，后接不定式to。由by both songs and instrumental music可知此处构成被动语态，表达“被干扰”， to be disturbed符合题意。 故填to be disturbed。
【45题详解】
考查动词。句意：您正在回忆信息并对其进行整理。根据语境，结合后面putting，此处作谓语动词，时态为现在进行时，表达“正在回忆”，are recalling符合题意。故填are recalling。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 书面表达 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，即将结束在美国高中为期两周的游学旅行，欢送仪式上，你将致感谢词并向校友赠送体现中国特色的礼物。请用英文写一份演讲稿，主要内容包括：
1. 感谢热情接待；
2. 阐明礼物意义；
3. 邀请其来中国。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Good evening dear teachers and fellow students,
First of all, please allow me, on behalf of the Chinese delegation, to express our gratitude for your warm welcome and hospitable reception. The beauty of your campus and a variety of school activities deeply impress us, and your warmth has made our brief stay here pleasant and memorable.
Here is a Chinese knot for you, a symbol of reunion, friendliness, peace and love in China. With this sign, we wish you greater happiness prosperity and academic progress.
Finally, we’d like to invite you to visit China sometime in near future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在为即将结束在美国高中为期两周的参观访问而举行的欢送仪式上用英文写一份演讲稿，致感谢词并向对方赠送体现中国特色的礼物。
【详解】1.词汇积累
代表：on behalf of→represent/stand for
感激：gratitude →appreciation
各种各样：a variety of →various
希望：wish→expect/hope
2.句式拓展
并列句变复合句
原句： The beauty of your campus and a variety of school activities deeply impress us, and your warmth has made our brief stay here pleasant and memorable.
拓展句： The beauty of your campus and a variety of school activities as well as your warmth deeply impress us, which has made our brief stay here pleasant and memorable.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, please allow me, on behalf of the Chinese delegation, to express our gratitude for your warm welcome and hospitable reception.（运用了祈使句）
【高分句型2】Here is a Chinese knot for you, a symbol of reunion, friendliness, peace and love in China.（运用了倒装句）
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A New Addition to the Family
For the initial ten years of his life, Victor was the prince of the household. As he was an only child, his parents petted him and showered all their love and attention on him. Whatever toys his parents bought, they were always meant for him. Whatever food was in the refrigerator, there was no one to compete with him to polish it off first. Victor could leave his toys or books around the house with complete ease of mind, knowing that there was no one who would get their hands on his belongings and cause any damage.
However, all that was to change overnight when Victor’s parents brought back his new baby sister, Lina, from the hospital. With her rosy cheeks, wide open eyes and angelic smile, Lina caught the hearts of her parents, grandparents and relatives. Everyone focused their attention on the cute bunch of joy. Whenever she cried, her mother or father would rush to her bed. She simply cried because she wanted to be carried. There was little time left for Victor.
Now that Victor’s mother had his baby sister to take care of, she expected Victor himself to do most of the chores he can do. Victor was asked to clean his own room, iron his own school uniform and clean his own shoes. Before Lina’s arrival, he had never lifted a finger to help out with these tasks. The whole family also went out less because it was unhealthy to expose Lina to the bacteria(细菌) being in the outside world too often.
Victor felt neglected by his parents. He felt that they loved Lina more than him. As a result, he tried to attract his parents’ attention by becoming resistant. One evening, Victor’s parents were called up by his teacher because Victor had got into a fight at school. His teacher had noticed Victor’s behaviour and work attitude changing downwards in the past two months. Before that, he had been a model student.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Upon hearing the teacher’s feedback, Victor’s parents got lost in thought.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Victor realized that his parents still cared for him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Upon hearing the teacher’s feedback, Victor’s parents got lost in thought. Since their second child Linda was born, they have devoted all their attention to her. To some degree, they neglected victor’s feelings. After all, he wanted to share the love from parents with Linda. So they made a decision that they should treat the two children equally. Gradually, something changed in the family. After school Victor often found some delicious food and new toys on his desk. When he did his homework, his father came to his room and sat beside him, reading a book quietly, which made him comfortable and warm. At that time, his mother was taking care of his sister Linda. After he finished his homework, his mother asked him to play with Linda. Seeing her sweet smile, he felt so happy.
Victor realized that his parents still cared for him.So he was determined to help his parents take good care of his sister. Having finished his homework, he learned to clean their rooms and do all the chores that he could. While his mother was cooking, he played with his sister happily. He came to realize that he should take responsibility for the family because he grew up.
【解析】
【分析】本文以一个小男孩Victor的感受为线索展开，讲述了在Victor的妹妹Linda出生以后，父母将全部的注意力集中到她身上，这让他感到被忽略，因此他用对抗来引起父母的注意。最后父母也意识到这一点，就做出改变，让Victor重新感受到父母的爱。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到老师的反馈，父母陷入沉思”可知，第一段可描写父母对自己行为的反省。
②由第二段首句内容“Victor意识到父母仍旧关爱他”可知，第二段可描写Victor感受到父母仍旧爱他后的积极行动。
2.续写线索：沉思——反省——改变——陪孩子——感受到爱——回报
3.词汇激活
行为类
①全身心投入：devote all one’s attention to / put one’s heart into
②决定：make a decision/ make up one’s mind
③.照看：take care of / look after
情绪类
①感到高兴：feel happy/ feel pleased
②幸福地：happily / merrily
【点睛】[高分句型1]. So they made a decision that they should treat the two children equally.(运用同位语从句）
[高分句型2]. Having finished his homework, he learned to clean their rooms and do all the chores that he could. (运用现在分词作状语以及定语从句）
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