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2022-2023学年辽宁省葫芦岛市四校高二上学期期中联考英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年辽宁省葫芦岛市四校高二上学期期中联考英语试题含解析，共31页。
2022-2023学年度上学期高二年级四校期中联考试题
英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 本试卷考试时间为120分钟，满分150分。
2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分030分）
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much sleep does the man need?
A. At least six hours. B. At least eight hours. C. At least ten hours.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you get up at 6:00 every morning?
M: Yes, and I need at least eight hours of sleep. So I go to bed at 10:00 pm the latest.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which department does the man work in?
A. The sales department. B. The finance department. C. The marketing department.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Mr. Smith. Which department do you work in?
M: I once worked in the sales department for one year, but now I am in the marketing department.
W: Oh, I used to work in the finance department.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which type of candy does the woman like?
A. Chocolate. B. Strawberry. C. Orange.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Can I have a piece of your candy, Anna? It looks so delicious. I want a chocolate one if you don’t mind. That’s my favorite.
W: Sure! You can have all of the chocolate ones. I only like the strawberry ones. You can also try these orange ones.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How long does it take the man to travel to work?
A. 15 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How long does it take you to get to work?
M: Well it’s a 15-minute walk from my house to the subway station. And it takes half an hour to get to my office from there.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the lab. B. In the classroom. C. In the dining hall.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m tired today. I’ve been here in the lab all day doing an experiment. What about you?
M: I’m hungry now. Let’s go to the dining hall.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Who might Betsy be?
A. The speakers’friend. B. The speakers’child. C. The speakers’grandmother.
7. When will the speakers arrive at the party?
A. At 6:30 p. m. B. At 6:40 p. m. C. At 7:00 p. m.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: The kids are at their grandma’s house. So, are you ready for the party at Betsy’s house tonight?
W: Now? It’s not even 5:00!
M: Betsy said we should arrive before dinner.
W: We still have time. Betsy said she would serve the food around 7:00. And you know her, she never does anything early.
M: Yeah, that’s true. But it takes an hour to get there on the subway. Why don’t we try to get there at 6:40?
W: 6:40 sounds good. But let’s just take a taxi. It’ll only take 30 minutes.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Where are the speakers?
A. At a photo studio. B. In an art museum. C. On a farm.
9. Who is in the pictures?
A. People in the city today. B. People in the northern U. S. C. People from a hundred years ago.
10. How is the man feeling?
A. Bored. B. Calm. C. Glad.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: This art museum is amazing! There are so many beautiful pictures here. I can see the works of many great artists. I know I won’t be bored here!
W: Look at those old photographs in black and white. They show people from a hundred years ago in the southern United States. There are farms and cows and chickens. The countryside is beautiful! I love living here in the city, but that looks like a simple and peaceful life.
M: Wow, those are great I’m so glad we came here!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. How tall is Dave now?
A. Four feet. B. Five feet. C. Six feet.
12. When does Dave eat candy bars?
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. At night.
13. What does Dave worry about?
A. Getting fat. B. Developing heart disease. C. Having breathing problems.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: You have been looking taller since last year’s appointment.
M: Yes, Dr. Jessop. I’ve grown a whole foot taller. I’m the tallest boy in my class!
W: Yeah, you are five feet tall now. Have you been eating healthy food?
M: Uh, not always. I eat bacon and eggs for breakfast, and my mom gives me fruit and vegetables for lunch, but when I’m studying at night, I sometimes have candy bars for a snack.
W: You seem healthy now, Dave, but if you keep doing that, you might have some health problems.
M: I’m worried I’ll get fat.
W: Well, yes. And then you could have problems with you heart, or even breathing problems.
M: So, I shouldn’t eat any sweets?
W: Just once in a while, maybe during the holidays.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What happened to the man?
A. He lost his bus ticket. B. He left his wallet in his office. C. He spent all his money.
15. Who paid for the man?
A. The bus driver. B. His co-worker. C. His friend.
16. Which part of the bus is the man going to sit in?
A. The front. B. The middle. C. The back.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me. Does this bus go past Geary Street? I need to be there in ten minutes.
W: Yes, sir. This bus makes a stop on Geary. It is $2 for the bus ticket.
M: I left my wallet in my office. I don’t have any money on me, but I really need to take this bus.
W: If someone on the bus can pay for you, then you can ride. But I can’t let you on for free.
M: Oh, I just saw a friend sitting in the middle of the bus. I guess she can pay for me!
W: OK, come on in.
M: Thanks. Here’s the money. I’ll take a seat.
W: Sir, you might want to sit closer to the back. Passengers should get off from the back door. And your stop is coming up soon.
M: Thanks, but I’ll just sit in the front.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Where had Katia planned to meet her friends?
A. At Katia’s house. B. At her school gate. C. At a French restaurant.
18. Who did Katia call first?
A. Lisa. B. Alex. C. Josie.
19. What time did Katia go back home?
A. At 8:00. B. At 7:30. C. At 6:30.
20. What did Katia’s friends do in the end?
A. They bought a phone for Katia.
B. They gave Katia a surprise party.
C. They all missed Katia’s birthday party.
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: It was Katia’s 20th birthday last Monday, and she was looking forward to seeing her friends. They were planning to meet at her favorite French restaurant for a special birthday dinner after school. Katia was excited and she got to the restaurant at 6:30, half an hour before the time of the dinner. Half an hour later, none of Katia’s friends had arrived. So, she decided to wait outside the restaurant for another half an hour. But her friends still didn’t come.
At 7:30, she called her best friend Lisa, but Lisa didn’t answer the phone. Then she called Josie, Alex, and Yoko, but no one answered the phone. “What’s going on?” Katia wondered. At 8:00, Katia went back home. She felt sad and all alone. She opened the front door and walked into the dark house. Just then, the lights went on, and all her friends jumped up and shouted “Surprise!” They hadn’t forgotten at all! In the end, it was the best birthday party that Katia had ever had.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
From cheap family rooms to child discounts and wonderful kids menus, London’s best family hotels have many ways to make them an unforgettable stay. Browse (浏览) our favorite hotels for families in London on this website and get ready for your family stay.
Luna Simone Hotel
Not far from Victoria Coach Station, it offers welcoming bed and breakfast accommodations with a child-friendly focus. It offers affordable family rooms just minutes away from Buckingham Palace, St James’s Park and the Apollo Victoria Theatre.
Nightly rate: £120.00 per room
Telephone: +442078345897
Travelodge London Docklands
It has everything you need for a good night’s sleep, offering great-value rooms close to the River Thames, with fast rail connections to the city center. To accommodate families, there are family rooms, which come equipped with a sofa bed and can sleep up to two adults and two children under 16.
Nightly rate: £29.00 per room
Telephone: +448719846192
Holiday Inn London-Kensington Forum
Book a family-friendly room and enjoy a cheap but comfortable stay in one of London’s most fascinating (极有吸引力的) areas, within walking distance of Harrods, the Natural History Museum and the Royal Albert Hall. Children under 18 stay free in a family room, and under-12s also eat for free from a healthy and special kids menu.
Nightly rate: £80.00 per room
Telephone: +442073706815
Generator London
Generator is part of Europe’s fastest growing, hostel brand and offers fashionable accommodation. The family rooms as well as larger rooms (woman-only) satisfy different travellers. The atmosphere (氛围) and its food show the local culture and it has competitive prices. Besides, it offers free Wi-Fi in all public areas.
Nightly rate: £1680 per room
Telephone: +442073887666
21. What can we know about Luna Simone Hotel?
A. It has a theatre. B. It provides free breakfast.
C. It offers an extra sofa bed. D. It is near St James’s Park.
22. How much is a room close to the River Thames for two nights?
A. £33.60. B. £58.00. C. £160.00. D. £240.00.
23. Which hotel offers free meals to kids aged 10?
A. Luna Simone Hotel. B. Generator London.
C. Travelodge London Docklands. D. Holiday Inn London-Kensington Forum.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个旅馆的情况，介绍了特色、收费以及联系方式。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Luna Simone Hotel部分中“It offers affordable family rooms just minutes away from Buckingham Palace, St James’s Park and the Apollo Victoria Theatre.(它提供价格实惠的家庭房，距离白金汉宫、圣詹姆斯公园和阿波罗维多利亚剧院只有几分钟的路程)”可知，Luna Simone Hotel在圣詹姆斯公园附近。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Travelodge London Docklands部分中“It has everything you need for a good night’s sleep, offering great-value rooms close to the River Thames, with fast rail connections to the city center. Nightly rate: £29.00 per room(它拥有一夜好眠所需的一切，提供靠近泰晤士河的超值客房，还有通往市中心的快速铁路。每晚房价：每间29.00英镑)”可知，靠近泰晤士河的房间住两晚需要29+29=58英镑。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Holiday Inn London-Kensington Forum部分中“Children under 18 stay free in a family room, and under-12s also eat for free from a healthy and special kids menu.(18岁以下的儿童可以在家庭活动室免费用餐，12岁以下的儿童也可以免费享用健康和特殊的儿童菜单)”可知，Holiday Inn London-Kensington Forum为10岁的孩子提供免费用餐。故选D。
B
Bookstores are fascinating places. That’s because the books on the shelves can take you away to magical lands, help you learn a foreign language, or cook a delicious meal. But when your community is too small to house a real brick bookstore, sometimes you have to make a compromise. A mobile bookstore that brings books around the country was the result. That is the case for Rita Collins, 70, who dreamed of opening a used bookstore after retiring from teaching.
A business planning class from the American Booksellers Association convinced Collins to abandon her idea that opening a bookstore in the small town where she lives, which would not be sustainable. Eureka, Montana, located just seven miles from the Canadian border, only has a population of 1,517. Collins asked her instructors about a traveling bookstore on wheels and they were skeptical. But she persevered.
Collins was inspired by Dylans Mobile Bookstore, a traveling bookstore in Wales run by Jeff Towns. She contacted Jeff for advice but she was largely on her own when it came to building her bookstore. First, she had to find a vehicle large enough to stand in. Then she had to have it refitted with shelves that would hold the books at a 15-degree angle so that they would stay in place while in transit. Collins named her bookstore St Rita’s Traveling Bookstore, which has been on the road since 2015.
At first, she drove through Montana and then she made her first cross-country trip in 2016. After she retired in 2017, it became a full-time job all year round. Collins and her mobile bookstore have visited 30 states, stopping at festivals and events along the way. While the locations change, some things always stay the same. Collins loves meeting people and making connections. While she loves what she does, Collins doesn’t think she can keep doing it. In several years, she hopes to pass her traveling bookstore onto another bibliophile who shares the same interest and will keep it on the road.
24. Why did Collins abandon opening a bookstore?
A. It would cost a lot of money. B. It was not promising.
C. It would be out of date. D. It was not approved.
25. Why were the shelves designed at a 15-degree angle?
A. To beautify the mobile bookstore.
B. To make full use of space of the shelves.
C. To keep the bookstore’s balance.
D. To protect the books from falling down.
26. Which of the following can best describe Collins?
A. Merciful and delightful. B. Intelligent and reasonable.
C Determined and social. D. Generous and lovely.
27. What does the underlined word “bibliophile” in the last paragraph mean?
A. A book lover. B. A publisher.
C. A famous writer. D. An editor.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了柯林斯创办的移动书店，她已经驾驶她的书店走遍了美国的30个州。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“A business planning class from the American Booksellers Association convinced Collins to abandon her idea that opening a bookstore in the small town where she lives, which would not be sustainable.(美国书商协会 的一门商业规划课程说服柯林斯放弃了在她居住的小镇上开书店的想法，因为这是不可持续的。)”以及“Eureka, Montana, located just seven miles from the Canadian border, only has a population of 1,517.(蒙大拿州尤里卡距离加拿大边境只有7英里，人口只有1517人。)”可知，柯林斯居住的地方是个僻远小镇，人口不足 2000 人，在镇里开书店没有发展前景。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Then she had to have it refitted with shelves that would hold the books at a 15-degree angle so that they would stay in place while in transit. Collins named her bookstore St Rita’s Traveling Bookstore, which has been on the road since 2015.(然后她又重新安装了书架，把书以15度的角度放好，这样书在运输过程中就不会变形。柯林斯将她的书店命名为圣丽塔旅行书店，自2015年以来一直在路上。)”可知，移动书店的每一层书架倾斜 15 度角，目的是防止书籍在车子运行过程中掉落。故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Collins asked her instructors about a traveling bookstore on wheels and they were skeptical. But she persevered.( 柯林斯向她的导师们询问关于“车轮上的旅行书店”的问题，他们表示怀疑。但是她坚持了下去。)”以及最后一段中“Collins loves meeting people and making connections.(柯林斯喜欢与人交往和建立联系)”可推知，柯林斯也是一个意志坚定和爱交际的人。故选C项。
【27题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后定语从句“who shares the same interest and will keep it on the road.(他们有共同的兴趣，并且会一直坚持下去。)”可知，该词意为“书籍爱好者”，与a book lover项同义。故选A项。
C
The fish eggs, all 200 of them, were settled and ready to go. The ground crew had counted the eggs carefully, and sealed them tightly within a plate filled precisely to the edge with seawater.
The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket’s engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.
Well, they haven’t actually left yet. But after a recent simulation (模拟) designed to re-create the intense shaking of a typical takeoff, researchers in France found that the eggs survived. It’s a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.
Finally, Cyrille Przybyla, an aquaculture (水产养殖) researcher at the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea who led the research, dreams of designing a lunar fish farm that uses water already on the moon to help feed residents of the future Moon Village set to be established by the European Space Agency (ESA).
Przybyla’s hope is to offer lunar residents fresh, inviting, protein-rich fish—not just packets of freeze-dried food. “I proposed the idea to send eggs, not fish, because eggs are very strong,” he says.
Besides, Przybyla suggests there will be other benefits for astronauts who may one day find themselves raising animals in space. “From the psychological point of view, it’s better to have a reminder of Earth–you have a garden; you have a tank with fish,” he says.
Designing self-contained and self-supporting systems for food production beyond Earth will be crucial for future space exploration programs, says Luke Roberson, a researcher at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. And he says Przybyla’s study is “a great first step” toward showing that aquaculture is a practical part of that future.
28. What is Paragraph 2 writing about?
A. An experience. B. An experiment.
C. An imagination. D. An adventure.
29. Why do the researchers want to send the eggs to the moon?
A. To offer eggs to astronauts as food.
B. To test whether the eggs are strong.
C. To promote aquaculture on the moon.
D. To see the possibility of raising fish on the moon.
30. What’s the psychological advantage of raising animals in space?
A. It can get rid of loneliness.
B. It diversifies the space food.
C. It gives astronauts something to do.
D. It helps astronauts remember the Earth.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. How to Send Eggs to The Moon
B. A Great First Step towards Future
C. The Plan to Raise Fish on The Moon
D. A Practical Approach to Aquaculture
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是太空养鱼计划。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket’s engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.（倒计时，然后点火！在整整两分钟的时间里，当火箭发动机爆炸并升空时，这些珍贵的鸡蛋遭受了剧烈的震动。这些卵正在前往低地球轨道的途中。下一站：月亮）”和第三段的“Well, they haven’t actually left yet.But after a recent simulation (模拟) designed to re-create the intense shaking of a typical takeoff, researchers in France found that the eggs survived. （但在最近一次旨在重现典型起飞时剧烈震动的模拟之后，法国的研究人员发现鱼卵存活了下来）”可知第二段介绍的一次送鱼卵到太空的实验。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket’s engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.（倒计时，然后点火!在整整两分钟的时间里，随着火箭引擎的爆炸，这些珍贵的鸡蛋遭受了剧烈的摇晃，然后升向天空。这些鸡蛋正在飞往近地轨道的途中。下一站:月球）”第三段“It’s a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.（ 这是月球孵化计划进展中的一个重要发现，该计划旨在确定宇航员能否在未来的月球基地成功养鱼）”对第二段进总结。可知研究人员想把这些卵送到月球上，看看在月球上养鱼的可能性。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“From the psychological point of view, it’s better to have a reminder of Earth–you have a garden; you have a tank with fish,” he says.（‘从心理学角度来看，最好有一个地球的提醒物——你有一个花园；有一缸鱼，’他说）”可知，在太空中饲养动物的心理优势在于，它能帮助宇航员记住地球。故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第三段“It’s a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.（这是月球孵化计划进展中的一个重要发现，该计划旨在确定宇航员能否在未来的月球基地成功养鱼）”以及后文讲到在太空养鱼的好处及意义。可知文章主要讲解的是太空的养鱼的计划。故选C。
D
Although the weather is very hot now, the carnival of ice and snow is getting closer. The preparation work for Beijing Winter Olympic Games, which are expected to begin on Feb 4, 2022, has entered its final stage. In January, 2021, the ice-making work on the Ice Ribbon, a landmark venue for the Beijing Winter Olympics, was completed.
In the Winter Olympics, where races can be won or lost by a small-time gap, tiny imperfections in the ice can make a big difference. “It’s not just a hunk of ice like you’d normally think of, like ice cubes sitting in your freezer,” told Kenneth Golden, a US mathematician who studies the structures of ice. “It’s a much more fascinating and complex substance than people would normally think.”
The first step for building any ice rink is to purify the water to remove dissolved solids like salts and minerals. Such impurities don’t fit in the regular hexagonal (六边形的) structure of ice that forms as water freezes. The purer the water is, the more consistent the ice surface.
In addition to the need for excellence in the raw materials of ice-making, technology is also very important. As one of the most advanced technologies for winter sports venues, a carbon dioxide (CO2) cooling technology has been applied on a large scale for the Beijing Winter Olympic Games. CO2 is not new when it comes to ice-making. However, it has been gradually replaced by the man-made refrigerant (制冷剂) like Freon.
With increasing attention toward climate change, the old refrigerant has come into use again. As an element of the atmosphere, CO2 doesn’t damage the ozone layer. Although CO2 is a greenhouse gas, its greenhouse effect is much lower than that of other man-made refrigerants. The Winter Olympics venues adopted CO2 instead of Freon as a refrigerant in ice-making, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions greatly.
“We believe these technological innovations will bring Beijing 2022 to spectators all over the world in a more impressive way,” told Gao Bo from the Media Operations Department of the Organizing Committee of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
32. What is the result of impurities in water for ice-making?
A. The water isn’t able to freeze completely.
B. The quality of the ice will be affected.
C. The ice surface will be more consistent.
D. It’s likely for athletes to fall on the ice.
33. Why has CO2 cooling technology been applied for the Winter Olympic Games?
A. It’s the most advanced technologies for ice-making.
B. CO2 is more efficient than other refrigerants.
C. CO2 is more environmentally-friendly than Freon.
D. CO2 has already existed in the atmosphere.
34. What is Gao’s attitude to CO2 being applied to ice-making?
A. Unclear. B. Opposed. C. Doubtful. D. Favourable.
35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Beijing Winter Olympic Games Is Coming.
B. Beneath Olympic Ice.
C. The Use of Refrigerants in Olympic Games.
D. The Structure of Ice.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京冬奥会在制冰的原料和技术上的精益求精。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Such impurities don’t fit in the regular hexagonal structure of ice that forms as water freezes. The purer the water is, the more consistent the ice surface.”（这些杂质不适合水结冰时形成规则的六边形冰结构。水越纯净，冰面越稳定。）可知，制冰用水中有杂质，冰的质量会受到影响。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“As an element of the atmosphere, CO2 doesn’t damage the ozone layer. Although CO2 is a greenhouse gas, its greenhouse effect is much lower than that of other man-made refrigerants. The Winter Olympics venues adopted CO2 instead of Freon as a refrigerant in ice-making, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions greatly.”（作为大气的一种成分，二氧化碳不会破坏臭氧层。虽然二氧化碳是一种温室气体，但其温室效应远低于其他人造制冷剂。冬奥会场馆在制冰过程中采用二氧化碳代替氟利昂作为制冷剂，这将大大减少二氧化碳的排放。）可知，二氧化碳冷却技术被应用于冬奥会是因为二氧化碳比氟利昂更加环保。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We believe these technological innovations will bring Beijing 2022 to spectators all over the world in a more impressive way”（我们相信，这些技术创新将以更令人印象深刻的方式将北京2022年冬奥会带给世界各地的观众。）可知，高波对于二氧化碳用于制冰持有支持态度。故选D项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In January, 2021, the ice-making work on the Ice Ribbon, a landmark venue for the Beijing Winter Olympics, was completed.”（2021年1月，北京冬奥会标志性场地“冰带”的制冰工作已经完成。）以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了北京冬奥会在制冰的原料和技术上的精益求精，所以“Beneath Olympic Ice”（冬奥会滑冰场的秘密）可以作为文章标题。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people find it hard to say no, even when they are over-stressed, over-booked and just too busy to take on anything else. ____36____ . But it’s important to learn how to say no to people and their requests. Being unable can contribute to more stress, which may eventually turn to resentment (怨恨).
____37____ . This article discusses some strategies you can use to set boundaries, protect your personal time and say no more often.
I’m sorry – I can’t do this right now
Sometimes, it helps to wait and think about whether you can take on a commitment. It’s usually best not to rush into things. ____38____ . Most reasonable people will accept this as an answer, so if someone keeps pressuring you, they’re being rude.
Let me think about it
If you’re uncomfortable being firm or are dealing with pushy people, it’s OK to say, “Let me think about it and get back to you.” ____39____ .
This strategy also allows you to think about whether you want to say “yes” to another commitment. To decide, do a cost-benefit analysis and then get back to them with a yes or no.
____40____
If you would really like to do what they’re requesting, but don’t have the time, it’s fine to say no to all or part of the request but mention a lesser commitment that you can make. This way you’ll still be partially involved, but it will be on your own terms.
A. I can’t do this, but I can do that
B. If you struggle with this, then you’re not alone
C. I wish I could, but I have a lot going on right now
D. This gives you a chance to review your schedule and consider your options
E. Luckily, you can learn how to say no to people without causing hurt feelings
F. If pressured, reply that it doesn’t fit into your schedule and change the subject
G. You have every right to ensure you have time for the things that are important to you
【答案】36. B 37. E 38. C 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。学会拒绝别人和他们的要求是很重要的，本文就此提出一些方法。
【36题详解】
上文“Many people find it hard to say no, even when they are over-stressed, over-booked and just too busy to take on anything else.(许多人发现很难说不，即使是在压力过大、超额安排、太忙而没有时间做其他事情的时候。)”提出许多人很难说“不”，空处应该承接上文，指出如果你也很难说“不”，这是正常的，B项“If you struggle with this, then you’re not alone(如果你为此挣扎，那么你并不孤单)”符合上下文连贯，且句中“this”代指上文提到的内容，故选B。
【37题详解】
上文“But it’s important to learn how to say no to people and their requests. Being unable can contribute to more stress, which may eventually turn to resentment (但是学会拒绝别人和他们的要求是很重要的。不会说“不”会导致更多的压力，最终可能变成怨恨)”指出学会拒绝别人很重要，如果不会拒绝别人会导致别人怨恨你，下文“This article discusses some strategies you can use to set boundaries, protect your personal time and say no more often.(这篇文章讨论了一些策略，你可以用来设定界限，保护你的个人时间，并更经常地对别人说“不”。)”指出有一些策略能帮助你学会拒绝别人，空处应用承上启下，学会拒绝别人很重要，所以你要学习一些策略，下文就此提出一些策略，E项“Luckily, you can learn how to say no to people without causing hurt feelings(幸运的是，你可以学会如何在不伤害别人感情的情况下拒绝别人)”符合上下文连贯，故选E。
【38题详解】
上文“Sometimes, it helps to wait and think about whether you can take on a commitment. It’s usually best not to rush into things. (有时候，等待和思考一下你是否能够承担责任是有帮助的。通常最好不要急于求成)”指出在别人提出要求后，你要先思考一下自己是否能承担责任，不要急于求成，下文“Most reasonable people will accept this as an answer, so if someone keeps pressuring you, they’re being rude.(大多数通情达理的人都会接受这个答案，所以如果有人一直向你施压，他们就是粗鲁的。)”指出通情达理的人们会接受这个答案，由此可知，空处应该指出这个答案具体是什么，即如何不急于求成地回答别人，C项“I wish I could, but I have a lot going on right now(我希望我可以，但我现在有很多事要做)”符合上下文连贯，故选C。
【39题详解】
上文“If you’re uncomfortable being firm or are dealing with pushy people, it’s OK to say, “Let me think about it and get back to you.” ( 如果你不喜欢强硬的态度，或者和咄咄逼人的人打交道，你可以说：“让我考虑一下，回头再联系你。”)”指出你如果对坚定立场感到不舒服，或者正在和咄咄逼人的人打交道，你可以回答“让我考虑一下，然后再给你答复”，空处应该承接上文，指出这样回答的好处，D项“This gives you a chance to review your schedule and consider your options(这样你就有机会回顾你的日程安排并考虑你的选择)”符合上下文连贯，故选D。
【40题详解】
此处是本段小标题。由下文“If you would really like to do what they’re requesting, but don’t have the time, it’s fine to say no to all or part of the request but mention a lesser commitment that you can make.(如果你真的想做他们要求的事情，但是没有时间，对所有或者部分要求说“不”是没有关系的，但是要提到一个你可以做出的较小的承诺。)”可知，本段主要讲了如果你不能做到别人要求的某一件事时，你可以承诺做另外一件事，A项“I can’t do this, but I can do that(我做不到这件事，但我能做到那件事)”能概括出本段内容，故选A。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. We hadn’t ____41____ for it in advance, so we were just forced to go into our ____42____ actions. I happened not to be in the classroom when it attacked. Hearing the alarm screaming, I rushed ____43____ as fast as I could back to the classroom.
Never did I imagine that we would put our regular ____44____ to use. Never did I imagine that my students had ____45____against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees. Their eyes were obviously filled with ____46____ as they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay. I, along with other teachers, tried our best to ____47____ them, though we actually didn’t know what the ____48____ would be.
I couldn’t ____49____ the tornado any more. However, I’m very proud of my students who performed so well. In such a ____50____ and dangerous situation, they behaved beyond their ages. Never in my life had I seen them ____51____ instructions so quickly, without any hesitation. Though some tears were dropping and some hearts were beating fast, the kids were incredibly ____52____. I’m extremely proud that they struggled to calm down because of their ____53____ in me.
Because of the tornado, I realized that my job as a teacher meant a lot. Behind every well-behaved students are a long line of teachers who have made it their life’s ____54____ to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust. Though the tornado has presented ____55____, I’m sure we can handle them one by one.
41. A. paid B. searched C. accounted D. prepared
42. A. agency B. education C. emergency D. selection
43. A. suddenly B. finally C. secretly D. immediately
44. A. games B. trainings C. languages D. savings
45. A. mixed up B. stood out C. lined up D. spoken out
46. A. panic B. anger C. shame D. puzzle
47. A. encounter B. comfort C. satisfy D. praise
48. A. problem B. result C. success D. reason
49. A. hate B. expect C. see D. approach
50. A. simple B. ideal C. scary D. strange
51. A. follow B. provide C. repeat D. change
52. A. fortunate B. honest C. confident D. brave
53. A. trust B. pride C. interest D. growth
54. A. reward B. power C. wisdom D. goal
55. A. chances B. challenges C. adventures D. discussions
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了工作中突遇龙卷风来袭，学生们有序避难，以及通过这次事件得出的感慨。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们没有提前做好准备，所以不得不采取紧急行动。设空处与for构成短语，A. paid for支付；B. searched for寻找；C. accounted for导致；D. prepared for为……做准备。根据上文的“Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. (几个月前，一场龙卷风猛烈袭击了我们的城市，之前没有任何迹象)”和下文的“in advance”可知，因为龙卷风来前没有任何迹象，所以没有提前做准备。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. agency机构；B. education教育；C. emergency紧急；D. selection选择。因为没有提前做出应对龙卷风的准备，所以只能采取紧急行动。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：听到警报声，我立即尽可能快地赶回了教室。A. suddenly突然；B. finally最终；C. secretly秘密地；D. immediately立即。龙卷风来袭，警报响起，由此语境可知，作者立刻跑回教室。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没想过我们的日常培训会派上用场。A. games游戏；B. trainings训练；培训；C. languages语言；D. savings存款。根据下文学生们有序地靠墙避难的行动可知，他们平时进行过演练。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我从来没有想过我的学生们会靠着墙排成一排，跪下来。A. mixed up混淆；B. stood out突出；C. lined up排成行；D. spoken out说出。根据避难的常识及“against the wall靠着墙”可知，学生们靠着墙排成一行。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们询问父母、宠物和朋友是否会没事时，他们的眼里显然充满了恐慌。A. panic恐慌；B. anger生气；C. shame羞耻；D. puzzle谜。由龙卷风来袭及学生们担心家人朋友的语境可知，他们是感到害怕惊慌的。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和其他老师一起尽力安慰他们，尽管我们实际上也不知道结果会是什么。A. encounter遭遇；B. comfort安慰；C. satisfy使满意；D. praise表扬。因为学生们感到恐慌，所以老师们对他们进行安慰。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. problem问题；B. result结果；C. success成功；D. reason原因。因为龙卷风正在来袭，老师们也无法得知会造成什么样的后果。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很讨厌龙卷风。A. hate讨厌；B. expect期待；C. see看到；D. approach接近。根据后一句中的However转折和“I’m very proud of my students who performed so well”可知，作者讨厌龙卷风，但为学生们应对龙卷风的表现感到自豪。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在如此可怕和危险的情况下，他们的行为表现超越了他们的年龄。A. simple简单的；B. ideal理想的；C. scary恐怖的；D. strange奇怪的。根据龙卷风的特性可知，它是危险可怕的。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一生中从未见过他们如此迅速、毫不犹豫地遵循指示。A. follow遵循；听从；B. provide提供；C. repeat重复；D. change改变。根据下文的“instructions指示”可知，“follow遵循；听从”符合句意。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然有泪水在滴落，心跳紧张地加快，但孩子们都非常勇敢。A. fortunate幸运的；B. honest诚实的；C. confident自信的；D. brave勇敢的。根据后文“they struggled to calm down(他们努力冷静下来)”可知，面对龙卷风正在来袭，学生们是勇敢的。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常自豪，他们努力地冷静下来源于对我的信任。A. trust信任；B. pride骄傲；C. interest兴趣；D. growth成长。根据作者是一名教师的身份可知，“trust信任”符合句意，学生们能够冷静下来是因为对老师的信任，呼应第14空的后的“trust”。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每一个品行端正的学生背后，都有许许多多的老师，他们把用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育学生作为自己的人生目标。A. reward奖励；B. power能力；C. wisdom智慧；D. goal目标。根据下文的“to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust(用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育他们)”可知，这是老师教育的目标。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然龙卷风带来了挑战，但我相信我们能够一一应对。A. chances机会；B. challenges挑战；C. adventures优势；D. discussions讨论。根据后半句“I’m sure we can handle them one by one.(但我相信我们能够一一应对)”可知，人们应对的是挑战，“challenges挑战”符合句意。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Water shortage is one of the ____56____ (great) crises facing us today, with two thirds of the global population living in areas ____57____ water is scarce(稀缺的) for a month or more every year. There are two contributing factors to this problem: increasing global demand _____58_____ water, and unsustainable means by which these demands are being met. Yet, despite global water usage already increasing threefold(三倍) over the last fifty years, it ___59___(predict) that there will be a further 60%-100% increase in water usage by 2050.
This is not just _____60_____ matter of turning the tap off when you brush your _____61_____ (tooth), cutting your showers down to 3 minutes, or sharing the washing-load with your flatmates. In fact, daily activities of human make up less than 4% of our total water consumption, with the _____62_____ (remain) 92% falling into two ‘invisible’ categories: the industrial production of household items, and the production of food. Astonishingly, 69% of our total daily water consumption comes from the _____63_____ (grow) and production of food alone.
_____64_____ (unfortunate), there is no single go-to refererence book for the exact number of litres used in the production of any individual food item. This is a hard pill to swallow, for we have other factors _____65_____ (consider) when weighing up the benefits of every food choice: taste, cost and convenience.
【答案】56. greatest
57. where 58. for
59. is predicted
60. a 61. teeth
62. remaining
63. growth 64. Unfortunately
65. to consider
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一及造成水资源短缺的两个因素，并指出并不是日常生活中节约用水就能解决问题，我们每天总用水量的92%来自于家庭用品的工业生产和食品的生产。
【56题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一，全球三分之二的人口生活在每年缺水一个月或更长时间的地区。根据该空前的“ one of the”可知，此处应该用形容词最高级，表示“最……的之一”。故填greatest。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为areas，且从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以此处应用关系副词where，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：造成这一问题的因素有两个：全球对水的需求不断增加，以及满足这些需求的不可持续的手段。demand for意为“对……的需求”，固定搭配。故填for。
【59题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，尽管全球用水量在过去五十年中已经增长了三倍，但据预测，到2050年，全球用水量将进一步增长60%到100%。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，that引导从句是真正的主语，和动词predict之间是被动关系，句子是描述一个事实，本句应该用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is predicted。
【60题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：这不仅仅是刷牙时关上水龙头，把洗澡时间缩短到3分钟，或者和你的室友一起洗衣服的问题。a matter of...一个……的问题，固定短语，matter的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
【61题详解】
考查名词复数。句意同上。tooth为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式，零冠词表类指。故填teeth。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：事实上，人类的日常活动只占我们总用水量的不到4%，剩下的92%分为两个“看不见的”类别：家庭用品的工业生产和食品的生产。此处应填形容词remaining修饰其后面的名词，表示“剩下的”。故填remaining。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们每天总用水量的69%仅来自于食物的生长和生产。根据该空前的冠词the可知，此处要用名词，与名词production并列。growth成长，不可数名词。故填growth。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：不幸的是，对于生产任何一种食品所使用的确切升数，没有一本现成的参考书可供参考。此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，首字母应大写。故填Unfortunately。
【65题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：这是一颗难以下咽的药丸，因为在权衡每种食物选择的好处时，我们还有其他因素要考虑：味道、成本和便利性。分析句子结构可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to consider。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分040分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，上周你班举办了英文歌曲演唱大赛。请你为校英语报写一篇报道，内容包括:
1、时间地点；2、比赛情况；3、活动反响。
注意；
1、词数80左右;
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
An English Song Singing Competition
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
An English Song Singing Competition
To arouse our interest in English, an English song singing competition was organized in our classroom last week.
The competition started at 7 pm. and lasted for two hours. Students who had a good command of singing took turns to sing the song they had chosen carefully. Their performances in which they wore beautiful costumes were so wonderful that all of us were thrilled. With the end of the competition,the student was presented an award by our head teacher.
It was evident that the activity was well organized, and the competition went on smoothly and successfully. The activity was highly spoken of because not only did it enrich our school life but also developed our feeling of love for English language.
【解析】
【分析】这篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为班级举办的英文歌曲演唱大赛写一篇报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
组织、安排：organize →arrange
比赛：competition→match
兴奋：thrilled→excited
明显的：evident→obvious
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the end of the competition, the student was presented an award by our head teacher.
拓展句：When the competition is over, the student was presented an award by our head teacher.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Students who had a good command of singing took turns to sing the song they had chosen carefully. (运用了who引导的定语从句和省略引导词的定语从句)
【高分句型2】Their performances in which they wore beautiful costumes were so wonderful that all of us were thrilled.(运用了介词+关系代词引导的定语从句和so......that句式结构。)
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My aunt Sandy is a very kind-hearted woman. She loves animals so much that she found a job in an emergency vet clinic（兽医诊所）after graduating from college. There she could help a lot of injured pets.
One day, a rescue worker brought in a homeless cat. The cat had numerous injuries and needed immediate medical aid. No one in the vet clinic wanted to rescue the cat but Sandy. All the others didn't think the cat would survive. And they suggested putting the cat to death.
But Sandy didn't want to give up. She always believes that every animal deserves a chance. Holding the cat in her arms, she was determined to rescue her.
Sandy was good at treating injured animals. Thanks to her, the cat survived. She took good care of the cat and she gradually recovered. However, it wasn't the end of the story. Because of the operation performed on her face, the cat always wore a sad expression and looked really ugly. Those who came to the clinic to adopt pets didn't want her.
The staff at the vet clinic suggested getting rid of the cat. But Sandy didn't agree. She wanted to adopt the cat herself, but there was a problem—her husband was allergic（过敏）to cats. So Sandy couldn't take her home.
Thinking the cat might have to be homeless, Sandy was very sad. She had tried very hard to rescue her so she didn't want to lose her. She tried to persuade people around her to adopt the cat, but they didn't show any interest in such an ugly cat.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day, a girl about ten years old entered the vet clinic and looked around.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
However, Sandy just didn't understand why the little girl wanted to have the cat.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One day, a girl about ten years old entered the vet clinic and looked around. Attracted by the special cat，she held her gently. “Do you like her?” Sandy came up to the girl and asked. To Sandy's surprise, the girl nodded. “Don't you think she's ugly? No one wants to take her home,” Sandy asked. “I want to take care of her,” the girl responded firmly.
However, Sandy just didn't understand why the little girl wanted to have the cat. When asked, the girl explained, “My mother told me never to judge a book by its cover, so I don't think we should judge a cat by its appearance. Though she looks ugly, it doesn't mean she doesn't deserve our love. I'll adopt her.” Sandy was so cheerful to meet such a kind-hearted girl.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的姑姑是一个非常善良的女人，她在兽医诊。一天，一个救援人员带来了一只无家可归的猫。这只猫多处受伤，需要立即医疗救助，其他人认为应该对猫进行安乐死，只有作者姑姑决心要救猫。最终猫活了过来，因为在猫的脸上做了手术，这只猫总是带着悲伤的表情，看起来真的很丑。作者的姑姑试图说服周围的人收养这只猫，但是遭到拒绝。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一天，一个大约十岁的女孩走进兽医诊所，四处看了看”可知，第一段可描写小女孩很喜欢这只猫。
②由第二段首句内容“然而，桑迪就是不明白为什么小女孩想要这只猫”可知，第二段可描写为什么小女孩想要这只猫的原因。
2.续写线索：女孩走进兽医诊所——要领养这只猫——问清楚原因——作者的姑姑很高兴能遇到这样一个善良的女孩
3.词汇激活
行为类
1.喜欢：like /love /be fond of
2.照顾：take care of/look after/attend on
3.回复：reply/respond
情绪类
1.快乐的：delighted/plaesed/cheerful
2.坚定地：firmly/ with determination
【点睛】[高分句型1] Though she looks ugly, it doesn't mean she doesn't deserve our love. (由though引导的让步状语从句)
[高分句型2] My mother told me never to judge a book by its cover, so I don't think we should judge a cat by its appearance. (由so引导的并列句和省略that的宾语从句)
2022-2023学年度上学期高二年级四校期中联考试题
英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 本试卷考试时间为120分钟，满分150分。
2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分030分）
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much sleep does the man need?
A. At least six hours. B. At least eight hours. C. At least ten hours.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you get up at 6:00 every morning?
M: Yes, and I need at least eight hours of sleep. So I go to bed at 10:00 pm the latest.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which department does the man work in?
A. The sales department. B. The finance department. C. The marketing department.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Mr. Smith. Which department do you work in?
M: I once worked in the sales department for one year, but now I am in the marketing department.
W: Oh, I used to work in the finance department.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which type of candy does the woman like?
A. Chocolate. B. Strawberry. C. Orange.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Can I have a piece of your candy, Anna? It looks so delicious. I want a chocolate one if you don’t mind. That’s my favorite.
W: Sure! You can have all of the chocolate ones. I only like the strawberry ones. You can also try these orange ones.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How long does it take the man to travel to work?
A. 15 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How long does it take you to get to work?
M: Well it’s a 15-minute walk from my house to the subway station. And it takes half an hour to get to my office from there.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the lab. B. In the classroom. C. In the dining hall.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m tired today. I’ve been here in the lab all day doing an experiment. What about you?
M: I’m hungry now. Let’s go to the dining hall.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Who might Betsy be?
A. The speakers’friend. B. The speakers’child. C. The speakers’grandmother.
7. When will the speakers arrive at the party?
A. At 6:30 p. m. B. At 6:40 p. m. C. At 7:00 p. m.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: The kids are at their grandma’s house. So, are you ready for the party at Betsy’s house tonight?
W: Now? It’s not even 5:00!
M: Betsy said we should arrive before dinner.
W: We still have time. Betsy said she would serve the food around 7:00. And you know her, she never does anything early.
M: Yeah, that’s true. But it takes an hour to get there on the subway. Why don’t we try to get there at 6:40?
W: 6:40 sounds good. But let’s just take a taxi. It’ll only take 30 minutes.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Where are the speakers?
A. At a photo studio. B. In an art museum. C. On a farm.
9. Who is in the pictures?
A. People in the city today. B. People in the northern U. S. C. People from a hundred years ago.
10. How is the man feeling?
A. Bored. B. Calm. C. Glad.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: This art museum is amazing! There are so many beautiful pictures here. I can see the works of many great artists. I know I won’t be bored here!
W: Look at those old photographs in black and white. They show people from a hundred years ago in the southern United States. There are farms and cows and chickens. The countryside is beautiful! I love living here in the city, but that looks like a simple and peaceful life.
M: Wow, those are great I’m so glad we came here!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. How tall is Dave now?
A. Four feet. B. Five feet. C. Six feet.
12. When does Dave eat candy bars?
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. At night.
13. What does Dave worry about?
A. Getting fat. B. Developing heart disease. C. Having breathing problems.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: You have been looking taller since last year’s appointment.
M: Yes, Dr. Jessop. I’ve grown a whole foot taller. I’m the tallest boy in my class!
W: Yeah, you are five feet tall now. Have you been eating healthy food?
M: Uh, not always. I eat bacon and eggs for breakfast, and my mom gives me fruit and vegetables for lunch, but when I’m studying at night, I sometimes have candy bars for a snack.
W: You seem healthy now, Dave, but if you keep doing that, you might have some health problems.
M: I’m worried I’ll get fat.
W: Well, yes. And then you could have problems with you heart, or even breathing problems.
M: So, I shouldn’t eat any sweets?
W: Just once in a while, maybe during the holidays.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What happened to the man?
A. He lost his bus ticket. B. He left his wallet in his office. C. He spent all his money.
15. Who paid for the man?
A. The bus driver. B. His co-worker. C. His friend.
16. Which part of the bus is the man going to sit in?
A. The front. B. The middle. C. The back.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me. Does this bus go past Geary Street? I need to be there in ten minutes.
W: Yes, sir. This bus makes a stop on Geary. It is $2 for the bus ticket.
M: I left my wallet in my office. I don’t have any money on me, but I really need to take this bus.
W: If someone on the bus can pay for you, then you can ride. But I can’t let you on for free.
M: Oh, I just saw a friend sitting in the middle of the bus. I guess she can pay for me!
W: OK, come on in.
M: Thanks. Here’s the money. I’ll take a seat.
W: Sir, you might want to sit closer to the back. Passengers should get off from the back door. And your stop is coming up soon.
M: Thanks, but I’ll just sit in the front.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Where had Katia planned to meet her friends?
A. At Katia’s house. B. At her school gate. C. At a French restaurant.
18. Who did Katia call first?
A. Lisa. B. Alex. C. Josie.
19. What time did Katia go back home?
A. At 8:00. B. At 7:30. C. At 6:30.
20. What did Katia’s friends do in the end?
A. They bought a phone for Katia.
B. They gave Katia a surprise party.
C. They all missed Katia’s birthday party.
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: It was Katia’s 20th birthday last Monday, and she was looking forward to seeing her friends. They were planning to meet at her favorite French restaurant for a special birthday dinner after school. Katia was excited and she got to the restaurant at 6:30, half an hour before the time of the dinner. Half an hour later, none of Katia’s friends had arrived. So, she decided to wait outside the restaurant for another half an hour. But her friends still didn’t come.
At 7:30, she called her best friend Lisa, but Lisa didn’t answer the phone. Then she called Josie, Alex, and Yoko, but no one answered the phone. “What’s going on?” Katia wondered. At 8:00, Katia went back home. She felt sad and all alone. She opened the front door and walked into the dark house. Just then, the lights went on, and all her friends jumped up and shouted “Surprise!” They hadn’t forgotten at all! In the end, it was the best birthday party that Katia had ever had.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
From cheap family rooms to child discounts and wonderful kids menus, London’s best family hotels have many ways to make them an unforgettable stay. Browse (浏览) our favorite hotels for families in London on this website and get ready for your family stay.
Luna Simone Hotel
Not far from Victoria Coach Station, it offers welcoming bed and breakfast accommodations with a child-friendly focus. It offers affordable family rooms just minutes away from Buckingham Palace, St James’s Park and the Apollo Victoria Theatre.
Nightly rate: £120.00 per room
Telephone: +442078345897
Travelodge London Docklands
It has everything you need for a good night’s sleep, offering great-value rooms close to the River Thames, with fast rail connections to the city center. To accommodate families, there are family rooms, which come equipped with a sofa bed and can sleep up to two adults and two children under 16.
Nightly rate: £29.00 per room
Telephone: +448719846192
Holiday Inn London-Kensington Forum
Book a family-friendly room and enjoy a cheap but comfortable stay in one of London’s most fascinating (极有吸引力的) areas, within walking distance of Harrods, the Natural History Museum and the Royal Albert Hall. Children under 18 stay free in a family room, and under-12s also eat for free from a healthy and special kids menu.
Nightly rate: £80.00 per room
Telephone: +442073706815
Generator London
Generator is part of Europe’s fastest growing, hostel brand and offers fashionable accommodation. The family rooms as well as larger rooms (woman-only) satisfy different travellers. The atmosphere (氛围) and its food show the local culture and it has competitive prices. Besides, it offers free Wi-Fi in all public areas.
Nightly rate: £1680 per room
Telephone: +442073887666
21. What can we know about Luna Simone Hotel?
A. It has a theatre. B. It provides free breakfast.
C. It offers an extra sofa bed. D. It is near St James’s Park.
22. How much is a room close to the River Thames for two nights?
A. £33.60. B. £58.00. C. £160.00. D. £240.00.
23. Which hotel offers free meals to kids aged 10?
A. Luna Simone Hotel. B. Generator London.
C. Travelodge London Docklands. D. Holiday Inn London-Kensington Forum.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个旅馆的情况，介绍了特色、收费以及联系方式。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Luna Simone Hotel部分中“It offers affordable family rooms just minutes away from Buckingham Palace, St James’s Park and the Apollo Victoria Theatre.(它提供价格实惠的家庭房，距离白金汉宫、圣詹姆斯公园和阿波罗维多利亚剧院只有几分钟的路程)”可知，Luna Simone Hotel在圣詹姆斯公园附近。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Travelodge London Docklands部分中“It has everything you need for a good night’s sleep, offering great-value rooms close to the River Thames, with fast rail connections to the city center. Nightly rate: £29.00 per room(它拥有一夜好眠所需的一切，提供靠近泰晤士河的超值客房，还有通往市中心的快速铁路。每晚房价：每间29.00英镑)”可知，靠近泰晤士河的房间住两晚需要29+29=58英镑。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Holiday Inn London-Kensington Forum部分中“Children under 18 stay free in a family room, and under-12s also eat for free from a healthy and special kids menu.(18岁以下的儿童可以在家庭活动室免费用餐，12岁以下的儿童也可以免费享用健康和特殊的儿童菜单)”可知，Holiday Inn London-Kensington Forum为10岁的孩子提供免费用餐。故选D。
B
Bookstores are fascinating places. That’s because the books on the shelves can take you away to magical lands, help you learn a foreign language, or cook a delicious meal. But when your community is too small to house a real brick bookstore, sometimes you have to make a compromise. A mobile bookstore that brings books around the country was the result. That is the case for Rita Collins, 70, who dreamed of opening a used bookstore after retiring from teaching.
A business planning class from the American Booksellers Association convinced Collins to abandon her idea that opening a bookstore in the small town where she lives, which would not be sustainable. Eureka, Montana, located just seven miles from the Canadian border, only has a population of 1,517. Collins asked her instructors about a traveling bookstore on wheels and they were skeptical. But she persevered.
Collins was inspired by Dylans Mobile Bookstore, a traveling bookstore in Wales run by Jeff Towns. She contacted Jeff for advice but she was largely on her own when it came to building her bookstore. First, she had to find a vehicle large enough to stand in. Then she had to have it refitted with shelves that would hold the books at a 15-degree angle so that they would stay in place while in transit. Collins named her bookstore St Rita’s Traveling Bookstore, which has been on the road since 2015.
At first, she drove through Montana and then she made her first cross-country trip in 2016. After she retired in 2017, it became a full-time job all year round. Collins and her mobile bookstore have visited 30 states, stopping at festivals and events along the way. While the locations change, some things always stay the same. Collins loves meeting people and making connections. While she loves what she does, Collins doesn’t think she can keep doing it. In several years, she hopes to pass her traveling bookstore onto another bibliophile who shares the same interest and will keep it on the road.
24. Why did Collins abandon opening a bookstore?
A. It would cost a lot of money. B. It was not promising.
C. It would be out of date. D. It was not approved.
25. Why were the shelves designed at a 15-degree angle?
A. To beautify the mobile bookstore.
B. To make full use of space of the shelves.
C. To keep the bookstore’s balance.
D. To protect the books from falling down.
26. Which of the following can best describe Collins?
A. Merciful and delightful. B. Intelligent and reasonable.
C Determined and social. D. Generous and lovely.
27. What does the underlined word “bibliophile” in the last paragraph mean?
A. A book lover. B. A publisher.
C. A famous writer. D. An editor.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了柯林斯创办的移动书店，她已经驾驶她的书店走遍了美国的30个州。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“A business planning class from the American Booksellers Association convinced Collins to abandon her idea that opening a bookstore in the small town where she lives, which would not be sustainable.(美国书商协会 的一门商业规划课程说服柯林斯放弃了在她居住的小镇上开书店的想法，因为这是不可持续的。)”以及“Eureka, Montana, located just seven miles from the Canadian border, only has a population of 1,517.(蒙大拿州尤里卡距离加拿大边境只有7英里，人口只有1517人。)”可知，柯林斯居住的地方是个僻远小镇，人口不足 2000 人，在镇里开书店没有发展前景。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Then she had to have it refitted with shelves that would hold the books at a 15-degree angle so that they would stay in place while in transit. Collins named her bookstore St Rita’s Traveling Bookstore, which has been on the road since 2015.(然后她又重新安装了书架，把书以15度的角度放好，这样书在运输过程中就不会变形。柯林斯将她的书店命名为圣丽塔旅行书店，自2015年以来一直在路上。)”可知，移动书店的每一层书架倾斜 15 度角，目的是防止书籍在车子运行过程中掉落。故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Collins asked her instructors about a traveling bookstore on wheels and they were skeptical. But she persevered.( 柯林斯向她的导师们询问关于“车轮上的旅行书店”的问题，他们表示怀疑。但是她坚持了下去。)”以及最后一段中“Collins loves meeting people and making connections.(柯林斯喜欢与人交往和建立联系)”可推知，柯林斯也是一个意志坚定和爱交际的人。故选C项。
【27题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后定语从句“who shares the same interest and will keep it on the road.(他们有共同的兴趣，并且会一直坚持下去。)”可知，该词意为“书籍爱好者”，与a book lover项同义。故选A项。
C
The fish eggs, all 200 of them, were settled and ready to go. The ground crew had counted the eggs carefully, and sealed them tightly within a plate filled precisely to the edge with seawater.
The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket’s engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.
Well, they haven’t actually left yet. But after a recent simulation (模拟) designed to re-create the intense shaking of a typical takeoff, researchers in France found that the eggs survived. It’s a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.
Finally, Cyrille Przybyla, an aquaculture (水产养殖) researcher at the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea who led the research, dreams of designing a lunar fish farm that uses water already on the moon to help feed residents of the future Moon Village set to be established by the European Space Agency (ESA).
Przybyla’s hope is to offer lunar residents fresh, inviting, protein-rich fish—not just packets of freeze-dried food. “I proposed the idea to send eggs, not fish, because eggs are very strong,” he says.
Besides, Przybyla suggests there will be other benefits for astronauts who may one day find themselves raising animals in space. “From the psychological point of view, it’s better to have a reminder of Earth–you have a garden; you have a tank with fish,” he says.
Designing self-contained and self-supporting systems for food production beyond Earth will be crucial for future space exploration programs, says Luke Roberson, a researcher at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. And he says Przybyla’s study is “a great first step” toward showing that aquaculture is a practical part of that future.
28. What is Paragraph 2 writing about?
A. An experience. B. An experiment.
C. An imagination. D. An adventure.
29. Why do the researchers want to send the eggs to the moon?
A. To offer eggs to astronauts as food.
B. To test whether the eggs are strong.
C. To promote aquaculture on the moon.
D. To see the possibility of raising fish on the moon.
30. What’s the psychological advantage of raising animals in space?
A. It can get rid of loneliness.
B. It diversifies the space food.
C. It gives astronauts something to do.
D. It helps astronauts remember the Earth.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. How to Send Eggs to The Moon
B. A Great First Step towards Future
C. The Plan to Raise Fish on The Moon
D. A Practical Approach to Aquaculture
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是太空养鱼计划。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket’s engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.（倒计时，然后点火！在整整两分钟的时间里，当火箭发动机爆炸并升空时，这些珍贵的鸡蛋遭受了剧烈的震动。这些卵正在前往低地球轨道的途中。下一站：月亮）”和第三段的“Well, they haven’t actually left yet.But after a recent simulation (模拟) designed to re-create the intense shaking of a typical takeoff, researchers in France found that the eggs survived. （但在最近一次旨在重现典型起飞时剧烈震动的模拟之后，法国的研究人员发现鱼卵存活了下来）”可知第二段介绍的一次送鱼卵到太空的实验。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket’s engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.（倒计时，然后点火!在整整两分钟的时间里，随着火箭引擎的爆炸，这些珍贵的鸡蛋遭受了剧烈的摇晃，然后升向天空。这些鸡蛋正在飞往近地轨道的途中。下一站:月球）”第三段“It’s a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.（ 这是月球孵化计划进展中的一个重要发现，该计划旨在确定宇航员能否在未来的月球基地成功养鱼）”对第二段进总结。可知研究人员想把这些卵送到月球上，看看在月球上养鱼的可能性。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“From the psychological point of view, it’s better to have a reminder of Earth–you have a garden; you have a tank with fish,” he says.（‘从心理学角度来看，最好有一个地球的提醒物——你有一个花园；有一缸鱼，’他说）”可知，在太空中饲养动物的心理优势在于，它能帮助宇航员记住地球。故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第三段“It’s a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.（这是月球孵化计划进展中的一个重要发现，该计划旨在确定宇航员能否在未来的月球基地成功养鱼）”以及后文讲到在太空养鱼的好处及意义。可知文章主要讲解的是太空的养鱼的计划。故选C。
D
Although the weather is very hot now, the carnival of ice and snow is getting closer. The preparation work for Beijing Winter Olympic Games, which are expected to begin on Feb 4, 2022, has entered its final stage. In January, 2021, the ice-making work on the Ice Ribbon, a landmark venue for the Beijing Winter Olympics, was completed.
In the Winter Olympics, where races can be won or lost by a small-time gap, tiny imperfections in the ice can make a big difference. “It’s not just a hunk of ice like you’d normally think of, like ice cubes sitting in your freezer,” told Kenneth Golden, a US mathematician who studies the structures of ice. “It’s a much more fascinating and complex substance than people would normally think.”
The first step for building any ice rink is to purify the water to remove dissolved solids like salts and minerals. Such impurities don’t fit in the regular hexagonal (六边形的) structure of ice that forms as water freezes. The purer the water is, the more consistent the ice surface.
In addition to the need for excellence in the raw materials of ice-making, technology is also very important. As one of the most advanced technologies for winter sports venues, a carbon dioxide (CO2) cooling technology has been applied on a large scale for the Beijing Winter Olympic Games. CO2 is not new when it comes to ice-making. However, it has been gradually replaced by the man-made refrigerant (制冷剂) like Freon.
With increasing attention toward climate change, the old refrigerant has come into use again. As an element of the atmosphere, CO2 doesn’t damage the ozone layer. Although CO2 is a greenhouse gas, its greenhouse effect is much lower than that of other man-made refrigerants. The Winter Olympics venues adopted CO2 instead of Freon as a refrigerant in ice-making, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions greatly.
“We believe these technological innovations will bring Beijing 2022 to spectators all over the world in a more impressive way,” told Gao Bo from the Media Operations Department of the Organizing Committee of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
32. What is the result of impurities in water for ice-making?
A. The water isn’t able to freeze completely.
B. The quality of the ice will be affected.
C. The ice surface will be more consistent.
D. It’s likely for athletes to fall on the ice.
33. Why has CO2 cooling technology been applied for the Winter Olympic Games?
A. It’s the most advanced technologies for ice-making.
B. CO2 is more efficient than other refrigerants.
C. CO2 is more environmentally-friendly than Freon.
D. CO2 has already existed in the atmosphere.
34. What is Gao’s attitude to CO2 being applied to ice-making?
A. Unclear. B. Opposed. C. Doubtful. D. Favourable.
35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Beijing Winter Olympic Games Is Coming.
B. Beneath Olympic Ice.
C. The Use of Refrigerants in Olympic Games.
D. The Structure of Ice.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京冬奥会在制冰的原料和技术上的精益求精。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Such impurities don’t fit in the regular hexagonal structure of ice that forms as water freezes. The purer the water is, the more consistent the ice surface.”（这些杂质不适合水结冰时形成规则的六边形冰结构。水越纯净，冰面越稳定。）可知，制冰用水中有杂质，冰的质量会受到影响。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“As an element of the atmosphere, CO2 doesn’t damage the ozone layer. Although CO2 is a greenhouse gas, its greenhouse effect is much lower than that of other man-made refrigerants. The Winter Olympics venues adopted CO2 instead of Freon as a refrigerant in ice-making, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions greatly.”（作为大气的一种成分，二氧化碳不会破坏臭氧层。虽然二氧化碳是一种温室气体，但其温室效应远低于其他人造制冷剂。冬奥会场馆在制冰过程中采用二氧化碳代替氟利昂作为制冷剂，这将大大减少二氧化碳的排放。）可知，二氧化碳冷却技术被应用于冬奥会是因为二氧化碳比氟利昂更加环保。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We believe these technological innovations will bring Beijing 2022 to spectators all over the world in a more impressive way”（我们相信，这些技术创新将以更令人印象深刻的方式将北京2022年冬奥会带给世界各地的观众。）可知，高波对于二氧化碳用于制冰持有支持态度。故选D项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In January, 2021, the ice-making work on the Ice Ribbon, a landmark venue for the Beijing Winter Olympics, was completed.”（2021年1月，北京冬奥会标志性场地“冰带”的制冰工作已经完成。）以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了北京冬奥会在制冰的原料和技术上的精益求精，所以“Beneath Olympic Ice”（冬奥会滑冰场的秘密）可以作为文章标题。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people find it hard to say no, even when they are over-stressed, over-booked and just too busy to take on anything else. ____36____ . But it’s important to learn how to say no to people and their requests. Being unable can contribute to more stress, which may eventually turn to resentment (怨恨).
____37____ . This article discusses some strategies you can use to set boundaries, protect your personal time and say no more often.
I’m sorry – I can’t do this right now
Sometimes, it helps to wait and think about whether you can take on a commitment. It’s usually best not to rush into things. ____38____ . Most reasonable people will accept this as an answer, so if someone keeps pressuring you, they’re being rude.
Let me think about it
If you’re uncomfortable being firm or are dealing with pushy people, it’s OK to say, “Let me think about it and get back to you.” ____39____ .
This strategy also allows you to think about whether you want to say “yes” to another commitment. To decide, do a cost-benefit analysis and then get back to them with a yes or no.
____40____
If you would really like to do what they’re requesting, but don’t have the time, it’s fine to say no to all or part of the request but mention a lesser commitment that you can make. This way you’ll still be partially involved, but it will be on your own terms.
A. I can’t do this, but I can do that
B. If you struggle with this, then you’re not alone
C. I wish I could, but I have a lot going on right now
D. This gives you a chance to review your schedule and consider your options
E. Luckily, you can learn how to say no to people without causing hurt feelings
F. If pressured, reply that it doesn’t fit into your schedule and change the subject
G. You have every right to ensure you have time for the things that are important to you
【答案】36. B 37. E 38. C 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。学会拒绝别人和他们的要求是很重要的，本文就此提出一些方法。
【36题详解】
上文“Many people find it hard to say no, even when they are over-stressed, over-booked and just too busy to take on anything else.(许多人发现很难说不，即使是在压力过大、超额安排、太忙而没有时间做其他事情的时候。)”提出许多人很难说“不”，空处应该承接上文，指出如果你也很难说“不”，这是正常的，B项“If you struggle with this, then you’re not alone(如果你为此挣扎，那么你并不孤单)”符合上下文连贯，且句中“this”代指上文提到的内容，故选B。
【37题详解】
上文“But it’s important to learn how to say no to people and their requests. Being unable can contribute to more stress, which may eventually turn to resentment (但是学会拒绝别人和他们的要求是很重要的。不会说“不”会导致更多的压力，最终可能变成怨恨)”指出学会拒绝别人很重要，如果不会拒绝别人会导致别人怨恨你，下文“This article discusses some strategies you can use to set boundaries, protect your personal time and say no more often.(这篇文章讨论了一些策略，你可以用来设定界限，保护你的个人时间，并更经常地对别人说“不”。)”指出有一些策略能帮助你学会拒绝别人，空处应用承上启下，学会拒绝别人很重要，所以你要学习一些策略，下文就此提出一些策略，E项“Luckily, you can learn how to say no to people without causing hurt feelings(幸运的是，你可以学会如何在不伤害别人感情的情况下拒绝别人)”符合上下文连贯，故选E。
【38题详解】
上文“Sometimes, it helps to wait and think about whether you can take on a commitment. It’s usually best not to rush into things. (有时候，等待和思考一下你是否能够承担责任是有帮助的。通常最好不要急于求成)”指出在别人提出要求后，你要先思考一下自己是否能承担责任，不要急于求成，下文“Most reasonable people will accept this as an answer, so if someone keeps pressuring you, they’re being rude.(大多数通情达理的人都会接受这个答案，所以如果有人一直向你施压，他们就是粗鲁的。)”指出通情达理的人们会接受这个答案，由此可知，空处应该指出这个答案具体是什么，即如何不急于求成地回答别人，C项“I wish I could, but I have a lot going on right now(我希望我可以，但我现在有很多事要做)”符合上下文连贯，故选C。
【39题详解】
上文“If you’re uncomfortable being firm or are dealing with pushy people, it’s OK to say, “Let me think about it and get back to you.” ( 如果你不喜欢强硬的态度，或者和咄咄逼人的人打交道，你可以说：“让我考虑一下，回头再联系你。”)”指出你如果对坚定立场感到不舒服，或者正在和咄咄逼人的人打交道，你可以回答“让我考虑一下，然后再给你答复”，空处应该承接上文，指出这样回答的好处，D项“This gives you a chance to review your schedule and consider your options(这样你就有机会回顾你的日程安排并考虑你的选择)”符合上下文连贯，故选D。
【40题详解】
此处是本段小标题。由下文“If you would really like to do what they’re requesting, but don’t have the time, it’s fine to say no to all or part of the request but mention a lesser commitment that you can make.(如果你真的想做他们要求的事情，但是没有时间，对所有或者部分要求说“不”是没有关系的，但是要提到一个你可以做出的较小的承诺。)”可知，本段主要讲了如果你不能做到别人要求的某一件事时，你可以承诺做另外一件事，A项“I can’t do this, but I can do that(我做不到这件事，但我能做到那件事)”能概括出本段内容，故选A。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. We hadn’t ____41____ for it in advance, so we were just forced to go into our ____42____ actions. I happened not to be in the classroom when it attacked. Hearing the alarm screaming, I rushed ____43____ as fast as I could back to the classroom.
Never did I imagine that we would put our regular ____44____ to use. Never did I imagine that my students had ____45____against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees. Their eyes were obviously filled with ____46____ as they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay. I, along with other teachers, tried our best to ____47____ them, though we actually didn’t know what the ____48____ would be.
I couldn’t ____49____ the tornado any more. However, I’m very proud of my students who performed so well. In such a ____50____ and dangerous situation, they behaved beyond their ages. Never in my life had I seen them ____51____ instructions so quickly, without any hesitation. Though some tears were dropping and some hearts were beating fast, the kids were incredibly ____52____. I’m extremely proud that they struggled to calm down because of their ____53____ in me.
Because of the tornado, I realized that my job as a teacher meant a lot. Behind every well-behaved students are a long line of teachers who have made it their life’s ____54____ to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust. Though the tornado has presented ____55____, I’m sure we can handle them one by one.
41. A. paid B. searched C. accounted D. prepared
42. A. agency B. education C. emergency D. selection
43. A. suddenly B. finally C. secretly D. immediately
44. A. games B. trainings C. languages D. savings
45. A. mixed up B. stood out C. lined up D. spoken out
46. A. panic B. anger C. shame D. puzzle
47. A. encounter B. comfort C. satisfy D. praise
48. A. problem B. result C. success D. reason
49. A. hate B. expect C. see D. approach
50. A. simple B. ideal C. scary D. strange
51. A. follow B. provide C. repeat D. change
52. A. fortunate B. honest C. confident D. brave
53. A. trust B. pride C. interest D. growth
54. A. reward B. power C. wisdom D. goal
55. A. chances B. challenges C. adventures D. discussions
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了工作中突遇龙卷风来袭，学生们有序避难，以及通过这次事件得出的感慨。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们没有提前做好准备，所以不得不采取紧急行动。设空处与for构成短语，A. paid for支付；B. searched for寻找；C. accounted for导致；D. prepared for为……做准备。根据上文的“Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. (几个月前，一场龙卷风猛烈袭击了我们的城市，之前没有任何迹象)”和下文的“in advance”可知，因为龙卷风来前没有任何迹象，所以没有提前做准备。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. agency机构；B. education教育；C. emergency紧急；D. selection选择。因为没有提前做出应对龙卷风的准备，所以只能采取紧急行动。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：听到警报声，我立即尽可能快地赶回了教室。A. suddenly突然；B. finally最终；C. secretly秘密地；D. immediately立即。龙卷风来袭，警报响起，由此语境可知，作者立刻跑回教室。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没想过我们的日常培训会派上用场。A. games游戏；B. trainings训练；培训；C. languages语言；D. savings存款。根据下文学生们有序地靠墙避难的行动可知，他们平时进行过演练。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我从来没有想过我的学生们会靠着墙排成一排，跪下来。A. mixed up混淆；B. stood out突出；C. lined up排成行；D. spoken out说出。根据避难的常识及“against the wall靠着墙”可知，学生们靠着墙排成一行。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们询问父母、宠物和朋友是否会没事时，他们的眼里显然充满了恐慌。A. panic恐慌；B. anger生气；C. shame羞耻；D. puzzle谜。由龙卷风来袭及学生们担心家人朋友的语境可知，他们是感到害怕惊慌的。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和其他老师一起尽力安慰他们，尽管我们实际上也不知道结果会是什么。A. encounter遭遇；B. comfort安慰；C. satisfy使满意；D. praise表扬。因为学生们感到恐慌，所以老师们对他们进行安慰。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. problem问题；B. result结果；C. success成功；D. reason原因。因为龙卷风正在来袭，老师们也无法得知会造成什么样的后果。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很讨厌龙卷风。A. hate讨厌；B. expect期待；C. see看到；D. approach接近。根据后一句中的However转折和“I’m very proud of my students who performed so well”可知，作者讨厌龙卷风，但为学生们应对龙卷风的表现感到自豪。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在如此可怕和危险的情况下，他们的行为表现超越了他们的年龄。A. simple简单的；B. ideal理想的；C. scary恐怖的；D. strange奇怪的。根据龙卷风的特性可知，它是危险可怕的。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一生中从未见过他们如此迅速、毫不犹豫地遵循指示。A. follow遵循；听从；B. provide提供；C. repeat重复；D. change改变。根据下文的“instructions指示”可知，“follow遵循；听从”符合句意。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然有泪水在滴落，心跳紧张地加快，但孩子们都非常勇敢。A. fortunate幸运的；B. honest诚实的；C. confident自信的；D. brave勇敢的。根据后文“they struggled to calm down(他们努力冷静下来)”可知，面对龙卷风正在来袭，学生们是勇敢的。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常自豪，他们努力地冷静下来源于对我的信任。A. trust信任；B. pride骄傲；C. interest兴趣；D. growth成长。根据作者是一名教师的身份可知，“trust信任”符合句意，学生们能够冷静下来是因为对老师的信任，呼应第14空的后的“trust”。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每一个品行端正的学生背后，都有许许多多的老师，他们把用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育学生作为自己的人生目标。A. reward奖励；B. power能力；C. wisdom智慧；D. goal目标。根据下文的“to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust(用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育他们)”可知，这是老师教育的目标。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然龙卷风带来了挑战，但我相信我们能够一一应对。A. chances机会；B. challenges挑战；C. adventures优势；D. discussions讨论。根据后半句“I’m sure we can handle them one by one.(但我相信我们能够一一应对)”可知，人们应对的是挑战，“challenges挑战”符合句意。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Water shortage is one of the ____56____ (great) crises facing us today, with two thirds of the global population living in areas ____57____ water is scarce(稀缺的) for a month or more every year. There are two contributing factors to this problem: increasing global demand _____58_____ water, and unsustainable means by which these demands are being met. Yet, despite global water usage already increasing threefold(三倍) over the last fifty years, it ___59___(predict) that there will be a further 60%-100% increase in water usage by 2050.
This is not just _____60_____ matter of turning the tap off when you brush your _____61_____ (tooth), cutting your showers down to 3 minutes, or sharing the washing-load with your flatmates. In fact, daily activities of human make up less than 4% of our total water consumption, with the _____62_____ (remain) 92% falling into two ‘invisible’ categories: the industrial production of household items, and the production of food. Astonishingly, 69% of our total daily water consumption comes from the _____63_____ (grow) and production of food alone.
_____64_____ (unfortunate), there is no single go-to refererence book for the exact number of litres used in the production of any individual food item. This is a hard pill to swallow, for we have other factors _____65_____ (consider) when weighing up the benefits of every food choice: taste, cost and convenience.
【答案】56. greatest
57. where 58. for
59. is predicted
60. a 61. teeth
62. remaining
63. growth 64. Unfortunately
65. to consider
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一及造成水资源短缺的两个因素，并指出并不是日常生活中节约用水就能解决问题，我们每天总用水量的92%来自于家庭用品的工业生产和食品的生产。
【56题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一，全球三分之二的人口生活在每年缺水一个月或更长时间的地区。根据该空前的“ one of the”可知，此处应该用形容词最高级，表示“最……的之一”。故填greatest。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为areas，且从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以此处应用关系副词where，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：造成这一问题的因素有两个：全球对水的需求不断增加，以及满足这些需求的不可持续的手段。demand for意为“对……的需求”，固定搭配。故填for。
【59题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，尽管全球用水量在过去五十年中已经增长了三倍，但据预测，到2050年，全球用水量将进一步增长60%到100%。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，that引导从句是真正的主语，和动词predict之间是被动关系，句子是描述一个事实，本句应该用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is predicted。
【60题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：这不仅仅是刷牙时关上水龙头，把洗澡时间缩短到3分钟，或者和你的室友一起洗衣服的问题。a matter of...一个……的问题，固定短语，matter的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
【61题详解】
考查名词复数。句意同上。tooth为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式，零冠词表类指。故填teeth。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：事实上，人类的日常活动只占我们总用水量的不到4%，剩下的92%分为两个“看不见的”类别：家庭用品的工业生产和食品的生产。此处应填形容词remaining修饰其后面的名词，表示“剩下的”。故填remaining。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们每天总用水量的69%仅来自于食物的生长和生产。根据该空前的冠词the可知，此处要用名词，与名词production并列。growth成长，不可数名词。故填growth。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：不幸的是，对于生产任何一种食品所使用的确切升数，没有一本现成的参考书可供参考。此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，首字母应大写。故填Unfortunately。
【65题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：这是一颗难以下咽的药丸，因为在权衡每种食物选择的好处时，我们还有其他因素要考虑：味道、成本和便利性。分析句子结构可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to consider。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分040分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，上周你班举办了英文歌曲演唱大赛。请你为校英语报写一篇报道，内容包括:
1、时间地点；2、比赛情况；3、活动反响。
注意；
1、词数80左右;
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
An English Song Singing Competition
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
An English Song Singing Competition
To arouse our interest in English, an English song singing competition was organized in our classroom last week.
The competition started at 7 pm. and lasted for two hours. Students who had a good command of singing took turns to sing the song they had chosen carefully. Their performances in which they wore beautiful costumes were so wonderful that all of us were thrilled. With the end of the competition,the student was presented an award by our head teacher.
It was evident that the activity was well organized, and the competition went on smoothly and successfully. The activity was highly spoken of because not only did it enrich our school life but also developed our feeling of love for English language.
【解析】
【分析】这篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为班级举办的英文歌曲演唱大赛写一篇报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
组织、安排：organize →arrange
比赛：competition→match
兴奋：thrilled→excited
明显的：evident→obvious
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the end of the competition, the student was presented an award by our head teacher.
拓展句：When the competition is over, the student was presented an award by our head teacher.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Students who had a good command of singing took turns to sing the song they had chosen carefully. (运用了who引导的定语从句和省略引导词的定语从句)
【高分句型2】Their performances in which they wore beautiful costumes were so wonderful that all of us were thrilled.(运用了介词+关系代词引导的定语从句和so......that句式结构。)
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My aunt Sandy is a very kind-hearted woman. She loves animals so much that she found a job in an emergency vet clinic（兽医诊所）after graduating from college. There she could help a lot of injured pets.
One day, a rescue worker brought in a homeless cat. The cat had numerous injuries and needed immediate medical aid. No one in the vet clinic wanted to rescue the cat but Sandy. All the others didn't think the cat would survive. And they suggested putting the cat to death.
But Sandy didn't want to give up. She always believes that every animal deserves a chance. Holding the cat in her arms, she was determined to rescue her.
Sandy was good at treating injured animals. Thanks to her, the cat survived. She took good care of the cat and she gradually recovered. However, it wasn't the end of the story. Because of the operation performed on her face, the cat always wore a sad expression and looked really ugly. Those who came to the clinic to adopt pets didn't want her.
The staff at the vet clinic suggested getting rid of the cat. But Sandy didn't agree. She wanted to adopt the cat herself, but there was a problem—her husband was allergic（过敏）to cats. So Sandy couldn't take her home.
Thinking the cat might have to be homeless, Sandy was very sad. She had tried very hard to rescue her so she didn't want to lose her. She tried to persuade people around her to adopt the cat, but they didn't show any interest in such an ugly cat.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day, a girl about ten years old entered the vet clinic and looked around.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
However, Sandy just didn't understand why the little girl wanted to have the cat.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One day, a girl about ten years old entered the vet clinic and looked around. Attracted by the special cat，she held her gently. “Do you like her?” Sandy came up to the girl and asked. To Sandy's surprise, the girl nodded. “Don't you think she's ugly? No one wants to take her home,” Sandy asked. “I want to take care of her,” the girl responded firmly.
However, Sandy just didn't understand why the little girl wanted to have the cat. When asked, the girl explained, “My mother told me never to judge a book by its cover, so I don't think we should judge a cat by its appearance. Though she looks ugly, it doesn't mean she doesn't deserve our love. I'll adopt her.” Sandy was so cheerful to meet such a kind-hearted girl.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的姑姑是一个非常善良的女人，她在兽医诊。一天，一个救援人员带来了一只无家可归的猫。这只猫多处受伤，需要立即医疗救助，其他人认为应该对猫进行安乐死，只有作者姑姑决心要救猫。最终猫活了过来，因为在猫的脸上做了手术，这只猫总是带着悲伤的表情，看起来真的很丑。作者的姑姑试图说服周围的人收养这只猫，但是遭到拒绝。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一天，一个大约十岁的女孩走进兽医诊所，四处看了看”可知，第一段可描写小女孩很喜欢这只猫。
②由第二段首句内容“然而，桑迪就是不明白为什么小女孩想要这只猫”可知，第二段可描写为什么小女孩想要这只猫的原因。
2.续写线索：女孩走进兽医诊所——要领养这只猫——问清楚原因——作者的姑姑很高兴能遇到这样一个善良的女孩
3.词汇激活
行为类
1.喜欢：like /love /be fond of
2.照顾：take care of/look after/attend on
3.回复：reply/respond
情绪类
1.快乐的：delighted/plaesed/cheerful
2.坚定地：firmly/ with determination
【点睛】[高分句型1] Though she looks ugly, it doesn't mean she doesn't deserve our love. (由though引导的让步状语从句)
[高分句型2] My mother told me never to judge a book by its cover, so I don't think we should judge a cat by its appearance. (由so引导的并列句和省略that的宾语从句)
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