辽宁省抚顺市顺城区2021-2023年中考一模英语试卷分类汇编：句子翻译

山东省济南市历城区

2020-2022年中考英语一模试题分类汇编

阅读理解

2022年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

八、阅读单选

My father changed his job when I was ten years old, so my family moved to another city. I went to a new school. On the first day of my new school, I was very nervous. A girl named Rose smiled at me and asked me to sit near her. Later, we became good friends. I was a little shy before. But I became more active and outgoing because of her.

We can’t see each other often now because we are not in the same city. However, we write to each other all the time. In two weeks, it will be her twentieth birthday. I want to give her a special present. A wallet or a card won’t be very good. Finally, I decided to buy a lovely dog. I hope that a dog can be a good company for her.

When we have troubles, our friends will help us get over them. When we feel upset, they will try to do what they can to make us happy. They are a great treasure in our life.

56．The writer’s family moved to another city when she was ________ years old.

A．nine B．ten C．eleven D．twenty

57．The writer became more active and outgoing ________.

A．before she left her old school

B．after she became friends with Rose

C．before she knew Rose

D．after she left her new school

58．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．The writer’s father did not have a job when she was young.

B．The writer felt nervous on her first day of her new school.

C．The writer and Rose live in different cities now.

D．Although the writer and Rose can’t see each other often, they always write to each other.

59．In the end the writer decided to buy Rose ________ on her twentieth birthday.

A．a card B．a wallet C．a lovely dog D．two lovely toys

60．The underlined word “they” refers to (指的是) ________.

A．troubles B．presents C．jobs D．friends

61．______ can join the three-day summer program.A．A boy of 6 B．A kid of 15 C．A girl of 18              D．A man of 26

62．If there is a rainstorm on August 10th, program B will start on ______.

A．Sunday B．Monday C．Tuesday D．Wednesday

63．Two members and one non-member should pay ______ for the program.

A．$690 B．$710 C．$730 D．$750

64．Free lunches aren’t provided because ______.

A．there are many restaurants B．the lunches cost too much

C．people have different tastes D．they may bring lunch-boxes

65．What can we know from the passage?

A．You need to hand in an application for the program.

B．We can see three kinds of animals in the program.

C．More than 15 students are in each program.

D．Youth Explorer is the name of the program.

“Save the whales!” That’s what the picture on Jake Smith’s bedroom wall said. Jake liked having a picture that said something important: that showed he cared. He just never expected to get a chance to save a real whale—one right in his own neighborhood!

It was a Saturday morning when the newspaper first reported the whales’ coming. A group of them were swimming close to the beach in Jake’s hometown. All the local people rushed out to the beach to see them.

They were expecting a beautiful show, better than a movie, but it didn’t turn out like that. Then one whale swam in their direction, directly toward land. It came in with the waves (海浪), and when the waves receded, its huge body was left on the sand. Suddenly, Jake and his family and all the others were no longer sightseers. They had to become rescuers. A few people ran toward the animal. They pushed and tried to force the whale back into the water, but it was no use.

An animal rescue service team soon arrived in a truck with heavy lifting machinery to help move the animal. Jake and his family couldn’t do much on the beach, so they went back to their house and made sandwiches and hot tea for the rescuers. At least, Jake thought, they could help in someway.

Back at the beach, they offered the food to the rescuers and were happy to see that it was needed. It was getting dark. Some people lined up their cars along the beach and shined their headlights on the sand. The rescuers would not give up. After trying many times they were finally able to lift the whale into the water. Everyone cheered when it headed out to sea. It swam out about a mile and then disappeared for a moment under the sea. Then, in what looked like a jump of joy, it rose high above the water —a thank-you to those who had worked so hard to save its life.

66．What does the picture on Jake’s wall say about him?

A．He lives near the ocean.

B．He cares about animals.

C．He works in an animal rescue service team.

D．He thinks whales are the most beautiful animals.

67．Why did the local people go down to the beach that morning?

A．To rescue some whales. B．To watch the waves.

C．To see the whales swimming. D．To swim with the whales.

68．The underlined word “receded” in Paragraph 3 means________.

A．didn’t move B．went back out C．washed over D．got up

69．How did Jake and his family give a hand?

A．By calling the rescue service.

B．By asking their neighbors for help.

C．By feeding the rescuers.

D．By controlling the people on the beach.

70．In what order did the events of the whale rescue take place?

a. The whale disappeared into the sea.

b. People turned on the lights of their cars.

c. Rescuers lifted the whale into the water.

d. An animal rescue service team was called to come help.

e. People tried to push the whale towards the sea.

A．e-d-b-c-a B．e-b-c-d-a C．d-b-e-a-c D．a-e-b-d-c

Being a teenager can be challenging, but it can also be exciting. You’re becoming more independent and making decisions for yourself. You are also learning to take risks and solve problems better than you could before. And changes are happening throughout your body, even in your brain.

You can’t see the changes in your brain, but they’re affecting how you develop into an adult. At this time in your life, there is a process going on inside your brain that makes it work faster and more efficiently. Imagine that the structure of your brain is like a big road map. There are lots of roads leading to different destinations (终点). When you were a child, as you learned new things, your brain created more roads leading to different destinations. By the time you become a teenager, the most important places on the map have many different roads leading to them. Now your brain’s job is to make that map more efficient. It removes the roads that you don’t need and works to make the other roads faster.

As a result, your experiences as a teenager actually affect the way that your brain develops. If you spend hours playing video games, what skills do you use? You learn to see something with your eyes and respond (回应) to it with your hands, right? As you develop those skills, your brain is making sure that the roads leading to them are especially fast and efficient. So, your video game playing could be preparing you for a career such as a fighter pilot, or even a surgeon.

This is a great time for you to practice new skills and discover what you’re good at and what you love doing. Go out and try different activities, and stick with them if you think they’re useful. Remember that with everything you do, you’re shaping your brain for the future.

71．As children learn new things, ________.

A．their brains will become road maps

B．their brains create more roads to different destinations

C．they need to draw lots of big road maps

D．many different roads lead to the most important places

72．The underlined word “remove” in the passage probably means “________”.

A．go quickly B．take up C．take away D．change home

73．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Your brain. B．Something you see.

C．Your skill D．Something you learn.

74．What’s the writer’s advice for teenagers?

A．Teenagers should learn to be more independent.

B．Teenagers should work harder and more efficiently.

C．Teenagers should play more video games in order to be a pilot.

D．Teenagers should experience more and stick to the useful activities.

75．Which would be the best title for the passage?

A．Making Decisions for Yourself.

B．Changes Happening in Your Brain.

C．Ways of Changing Your Brain.

D．Developing Your Brains for the Future.

2021年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

八、阅读单选

Zak’s grandfather, Stan, was very famous. Why? Because he had a very, very, very long white beard（胡子）.

One day, Zak asked his grandfather, “When you sleep, do you put your beard over or under the quilt ?” “I’m not sure. I never care about that.” said his grandfather. “I’ll look tonight.”

Stan got into bed that night and pulled up the quilt. Then he remembered his grandson’s question. Aha! His beard was under the quilt. But wait. Did that feel right?

He lifted his beard from under the quilt and put it above it. This also didn’t feel right. So he put the beard under the quilt again. But he soon felt it would be better if it were out. The beard went in and out-- first under the quilt, then over it, under, over, all night long.

Stan spent a sleepless night. In the morning, he was so tired and unhappy that he cut his long beard right off!

Stan’s wife was so happy. She advised Stan to cut that beard off many times, but he never did it. Now a simple question made him do that.

56．Why was Stan very famous?

A．Because he had a big family. B．Because he was good at singing.

C．Because his grandson was very clever. D．Because he had a very, very, very long white beard.

57．Did Stan have a good sleep that night?

A．Yes. B．No. C．Maybe. D．Sure.

58．What did Stan do with his beard at last?

A．He put his beard over the quilt. B．He put his beard under the quilt.

C．He cut his beard off. D．He cared about his beard after that.

59．How did Stan’s wife feel when she noticed her husband’s short beard?

A．She was very happy. B．She was worried.

C．She was angry with him. D．She didn’t care about it.

60．From the passage, which of the following sentences is true?

A．Stan’s wife asked a question one day.

B．Stan never cared about Zak, his grandson.

C．Stan was sleepless that night because of his beard.

D．Stan listened to his wife’s words to cut his beard off.

61．How many team skills does the writer mention (提及) in Paragraph 1?

A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.

62．What tools are needed for each team in Water Relay?

A．One large bucket for each member.

B．Two large buckets for each member.

C．One small bucket for each member and two large buckets.

D．Two small buckets for each member and one large bucket.

63．In order to win Water Relay, the team members should ________.

A．get themselves wet

B．lose as little water as possible

C．pass the water as slowly as possible

D．pass the large bucket to the other team

64．It is fun to play Truth and Lie because team members can ________.

A．talk about themselves B．share love with each other

C．tell lies to surprise others D．learn all the information about others

65．This passage is most probably from ________.

A．a science book B．a travel guide

C．a news website D．a school magazine

February 29th comes up on the calendar only every four years. A year with a February 29th might be good news if you are paid by the day or the week. But it might be bad news if you were born on a February 29th. You have to wait three years in between birthdays!

American English has an expression for the unusual situation. February 29th is called a leap day. And the year with a February 29th in it is called a leap year. This year, 2020, is such a year.

As a verb, the word “leap” means to jump, or to move quickly. “Leap” can also be a noun, meaning a jump, or a sudden move.

In a leap year, the dates jump over one day of the week. Let me explain. In 2017, the last day of the year, December 31th, fell on a Sunday. In 2018, it fell on a Monday. In 2019, it fell on a Tuesday. But in 2020, December 31th will fall on a Thursday. It jumps right over Wednesday.

The reason for a leap day or a leap year is because our calendar does not follow the Earth’s orbit（轨道） around the sun exactly. Each year, we have a little time left over. So every four years, we put all that time together into an extra（额外的）day.

Some people choose to marry on February 29th because it is an unusual date. But some ancient peoples would likely tell couples not to do it. Leap years were believed to be difficult, and leap days were unlucky. To be honest, these have no scientific basis（依据）.

66．A 20-year-old person has __________ birthdays if he/she was born on a February 29th.

A．20 B．15 C．10 D．5

67．A leap year means one more __________ is added in the calendar of the year.

A．month B．year C．day D．week

68．The last day of 2021 will fall on __________ according to this article.

A．Saturday B．Friday C．Sunday D．Monday

69．Some people choose to marry on February 29th because __________.

A．it’s quite a special date B．it’s quite an unlucky day

C．it can save more money D．it’s a traditional custom

70．Which of the following sentences is not true according to this article?

A．Scientists tell couples not to marry on a leap day.

B．The leap year or leap day comes once every four years.

C．Some ancient peoples believed that leap days were unlucky.

D．We have a little time left each year before a leap year comes.

“Clear your plate. Say no to waste.” “Do not waste a grain of food.” In the cafeterias of schools and companies across China, banners (横幅) like these have been put up everywhere. They are part of a nationwide campaign（活动）to cut down on food waste in China.

Food waste has become a big problem these days. According to the United Nations, 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted every year-that’s about a third of the world’s total food. In China alone, the restaurants wasted 17 to 18 million tons of food a year from 2013 to 2015. That could feed 30 to 50 million people for a whole year, according to Chinese Academy of Sciences.

To promote（推广）the campaign, restaurants and catering associations in more than 18 provinces in China have all made guidelines to control food waste.

In Shanxi province, for example, restaurants have been asked to serve half portions to avoid waste. The Wuhan Catering Association suggested that restaurants try the “N-1 mode”. For example, a group of 10 diners should only order enough for nine people at first. More food is only brought to the table if required. If people can’t finish their meals, they are also encouraged to take the leftovers（剩菜）home.

A related online campaign has been launched on Sina Weibo. Users share photos or videos of empty plates after finishing their meals. Lots of celebrities（名人）have joined in and asked their fans to develop the habit of saving food. On WeChat, a mini-program called “Clear Plate” invites people to exchange pictures of their empty plates for credit points (信用分). People can use the credit to buy things or donate food to children in poor areas.

“We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation, encouraging them to carry out the virtue (美德) of cherishing food and developing the habit of thrift,” said Liu Jichen, developer of the mini-program.

71．What do we know from Paragraph 2?

A．Food waste has caused many problems.

B．The UN is wasting a lot of food each year.

C．About 30 percent of the world’s total food is wasted each year.

D．There are over 30 million tons of food waste in China every year.

72．According to the“N-1 mode”, diners in a restaurant ________.

A．can order half-portioned dishes

B．have to take their leftovers home

C．should order food enough for each person

D．order dishes as if there were one fewer person

73．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?

A．How celebrities encourage their fans to save food.

B．Food saving campaigns on social media.

C．Ways to develop the habit of saving food.

D．Why online campaigns are necessary.

74．What does the underlined word “thrift” in the last paragraph mean?

A．Eating at home. B．No wasting things.

C．Sharing with others. D．Getting credit points.

75．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?

A．To tell us how to avoid wasting food.

B．To make people cook more at home.

C．To encourage people take leftovers home.

D．To bring up a plan to make people eat their vegetables.

2020年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

四、阅读单选

Henry worked on a ship, doing tricks (魔术). Each week he showed the same tricks over and over again, because the passengers on the ship were different. There was also a parrot（鹦鹉）on the ship. It saw the shows so many times that it understood everything. Then it started shouting during the show:

“Hey, he has put the flowers under the table!” “All the cards are the same.”

“Look carefully. It’s a different hat!”

Henry was very angry but could do nothing.

One day the ship had an accident and broke into pieces. Henry fell into the water. When he climbed up onto a piece of wood, he found the parrot there. He looked at the parrot angrily and did not say a word. This went on for one day, then another and another. In the end, the parrot said, “Oh, how I wish I hadn’t said anything during the shows. Please tell me where you’ve put the ship and I won’t open my mouth again!”

46．Henry was________.

A．a teacher B．a trickster C．a trader D．a passenger

47．The parrot saw the shows so many times that________.

A．it knew where the ship was B．it became very angry

C．it didn’t want to say a word D．it understood everything

48．Henry was angry with the parrot because________.

A．it was ugly B．it was clever

C．it always shouted during the show D．it always sang during the show

49．After the accident, Henry was on a piece of wood with________.

A．some passengers B．the parrot C．some cards D．the table

50．According to the passage, we can know that________.

A．Henry showed different tricks each week

B．the passengers on the ship were the same

C．the ship had an accident and broke into pieces

D．Henry put the ship somewhere

Huang Zhidong’s room is like a small museum. The treasures there are not things he has collected, but miniature (微型的）models dragon heads that he has made himself over the years.

The 16-year-old boy, who studies at the Dongguan Science&Technology School, is a big fan of making miniature models of dragon heads. This is a traditional form of art in his hometown of Guangdong. The models can be as small as a fist（拳头）.

Huang was interested in dragon heads at a young age, as dragon boat races were often held in his hometown. He noticed that every dragon head at the front of the dragon boats has its special color and expression. When he was in kindergarten, he drew pictures of dragon heads. In the fifth grade, he could sculpt（雕刻）them out of wood.

However, the process was more difficult than he thought it would be. “Draw a picture, print it on the wood, sculpt, polish, paint, color, ... it includes almost 10 steps,” Huang said. He sometimes spends seven hours a day sculpting of the models of dragon heads.

Huang has even turned his hobby into the business. He often shares his works on Wechat. At the age of 13, Huang received his first order for four models of dragon heads after posting pictures online. It took him two weeks to finish the four models. The praise he got from his customer encouraged him to make more models. He has got many more orders since then.

He is now trying to improve his skills. He is sculpting with different kinds of wood and studying the works of master sculptors.

51．How did Huang get the treasures in his room?

A．He made them himself.

B．He collected them from the world.

C．He bought them form a supermarket.

D．His friends gave them to him as birthday gifts.

52．According to the passage, dragon boat races are often held in ________.

A．London B．Guangdong C．Tokyo D．Paris

53．Huang received his first order when he was ________ years old.

A．7 B．10 C．13 D．16

54．Which of the following is True according to the passage?

A．It took Huang two weeks to finish his first order.

B．Huang’s father teaches him to make models of dragon heads.

C．All dragon heads at the front of the dragon boats have the same color.

D．The process of making models of dragon heads include three steps.

55．Where can we probably read this passage?

A．Animal World B．Science World

C．Famous Movies D．Chinese Traditional Culture

Have you ever heard of STEM education? STEM stands for Science, Technology, Engineering and Math. It means students can learn these four subjects in one class. They can also work on many projects to practice what they learn. STEM education is very popular in the US.

Now many Chinese schools start to use STEM education. More than 600 middle schools are  using it, and Beijing Yuying School is one of them.

The school started the course in May. It invited college teachers to teach more than 80 students about programming, robotics and other interdisciplinary (跨学科的）knowledge.

The teaching style is quite different from the traditional education. Once students get basic knowledge, they will practice it immediately. For example, after learning about the electrical   circuit（电路）, students are required to design one that can control three lights at the same time.

They also have many projects to improve their hands-on abilities. Once, they needed to make a smart home model in a competition. All the students were required to design a house model and   make it smart. Liu Tianyou, 12, with his teammates, used computer programs and censors（传感器）to finish it. “If you open the door, the lights will turn on automatically,” he said. Their work won  the third prize.

The course also develops students’ creativity. Zhao Hongyi, 14, particularly likes robots. After learning mechanics and programming in the class, he made a robot within two months. From assembling to testing, he finished it on his own. The robot can grasp things and walk on certain tracks under orders from him. “It’s cool to make my dream come true,” he said。

56．Which of the following is not included in STEM education?

A．Science B．Technology C．Math D．English

57．The underlined word “one” refers to     .

A．the teaching style B．the traditional education

C．the electrical circuit D．a house model

58．STEM education doesn’t aim to________.

A．develop students’ creativity

B．improve students’ hands-on abilities

C．help students finish their homework quickly

D．help students get some interdisciplinary knowledge

59．The underlined word “automatically” means________in Chinese.

A．自动地 B．顺利地 C．无意识地 D．仓促地

60．Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage?

A．STEM education starts to become popular in China.

B．Beijng Yuying School started STEM education in May.

C．The eighty students were required to design a house model.

D．Zhao Hongyi made a robot with his teammates within two months.

答案：

2022年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

56．B    57．B    58．A    59．C    60．D

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者10岁的时候，因为父亲换工作，全家搬到了另一城市，在那里认识了Rose，并成为了好朋友。即便现在不在一个城市，也会经常给对方写信。并告诉我们朋友是我们一生中宝贵的财富。

56．细节理解题。根据“My father changed his job when I was ten years old, so my family moved to another city.”可知，作者十岁时，作者一家搬到了另一个城市。故选B。

57．细节理解题。根据“I was a little shy before. But I became more active and outgoing because of her.”可知，在跟Rose成为朋友之后，作者变得活泼外向。故选B。

58．细节理解题。根据“My father changed his job when I was ten years old”可知，作者父亲在她十岁的时候换了工作，并不是没有工作。故选A。

59．细节理解题。根据“Finally, I decided to buy a lovely dog.”可知，作者最后决定买一只可爱的狗作为Rose二十岁的生日礼物。故选C。

60．词义猜测题。根据“When we have troubles, our friends will help us get over them. When we feel upset, they will try to do what they can to make us happy. They are a great treasure in our life.”可知，我们有困难时，朋友会帮助我们克服他们。当我们感到沮丧时，他们会尽力让我们开心。他们是我们生活中的一个伟大的财富。由此可知“They”指的是朋友“friends”。故选D。

61．B    62．D    63．B    64．C    65．A

【导语】本文主要介绍了探索大自然的活动广告。

61．细节理解题。根据“Age: Students aged 8-16”可知，8到16岁的学生可以参加，B选项在此范围，故选B。

62．细节理解题。根据“Both program will start 1 DAY later if there is a warning of rain-storms”可知，如果有暴雨警告，两个项目将在1天后开始，结合“Dates: August 10-12, 2021”“Days: Tuesday to Thursday”可知，10月10日是星期二，推迟一天是星期三，故选D。

63．推理判断题。根据“$230 for members: $250 for non-members”可知，会员价230，非会员价250，所以两个会员加上一个非会员需要支付：2x230+250=710，故选B。

64．细节理解题。根据“NO FREE LUNCHES ARE PROVIDED because of personal food differences”可知，由于个人饮食差异，不提供免费午餐，故选C。

65．细节理解题。根据“Simply come to our center to get an application form (申请表). Send your completed form on or before 9th July, 2021 (Friday)”可知，需要交申请表，故选A。

66．B    67．C    68．B    69．C    70．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了一个星期六的早上，报纸上报道会有鲸鱼游经杰克的家乡，人们都纷纷跑过去观看，这时一条鲸鱼被海浪冲上了岸，人们由观看者变成了救援人员，齐心协力帮助鲸鱼重返大海。

66．细节理解题。根据“‘Save the whales!’ That’s what the picture on Jake Smith’s bedroom wall said. Jake liked having a picture that said something important: that showed he cared ”可知，“拯救鲸鱼”这幅图片表明了他关心的东西，即是对动物的关注。故选B。

67．细节理解题。根据“It was a Saturday morning when the newspaper first reported the whales’ coming. A group of them were swimming close to the beach in Jake’s hometown. All the local people rushed out to the beach to see them.”可知，一群鲸鱼会在杰克家乡的海岸线边游泳，当地人们会去观看他们游泳。故选C。

68．词义猜测题。根据“ its huge body was left on the sand.”可知，因为海浪退去后，才导致它巨大的身体被留在了沙滩上。故选B。

69．细节理解题。根据“Jake and his family couldn’t do much on the beach, so they went back to their house and made sandwiches and hot tea for the rescuers.”可知，他们回到家为救援人员们做三明治和热茶。故选C。

70．排序题。根据第三段、第四段以及第五段的内容可知，根据其发展的时间顺序：首先是人们自发地将鲸鱼推向海里，然后失败了；接着动物救援队来帮忙；慢慢地天变黑了，一些人们排好队打开了他们的车灯照明；救援人员最终将鲸鱼吊到了水里；最终鲸鱼获救，消失在海里。因此正确的顺序应该是e-d-b-c-a。故选A。

71．B    72．C    73．B    74．D    75．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青春期人的大脑的变化特点以及应该做一些事情来有意识地塑造你的大脑。因此，你现在所做的一切在一定程度上决定自己的未来。

71．细节理解题。根据“When you were a child, as you learned new things, your brain created more roads leading to different destinations.”可知，孩子学习新东西的时候，他们的大脑会创造出更多通往不同目的地的道路。故选B。

72．词义猜测题。根据“It removes the roads that you don’t need and works to make the other roads faster.”可知，它移除了你不需要的道路，并使其他道路更快。因此可知“remove”与take away“带走，消除”意思相近。故选C。

73．词义猜测题。根据“You learn to see something with your eyes and respond (回应) to it with your hands”可知，你学会用你的眼睛看到的东西，并用你的双手回应它，因此这里的“it”代指的是Something you see“你看到的东西”。故选B。

74．细节理解题。根据“Go out and try different activities, and stick with them if you think they’re useful. Remember that with everything you do, you’re shaping your brain for the future.”可知，作者鼓励青少年应该体验更多，坚持有用的活动。故选D。

75．标题归纳题。根据最后一句“Remember that with everything you do, you’re shaping your brain for the future.”可知，短文主要讲通过各种锻炼，挑战，学习技能发展兴趣等，为未来开发自己的大脑。故选D。

2021年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

56．D    57．B    58．C    59．A    60．C

【分析】本文主要讲述了斯坦因为孙子的问题“你睡觉的时候，是把你的胡子盖在被子上还是盖在被子下面”而整夜没有睡好觉，最后把胡子给剪掉了，他的妻子为此很高兴。

56．细节理解题。阅读文章第一段可知，斯坦非常有名是因为他有非常非常长的白胡子，故选D。

57．细节理解题。由倒数第二段句子“Stan spent a sleepless night.”可知，斯坦那晚没有睡好，故选B。

58．细节理解题。由倒数第二段句子“In the morning, he was so tired and unhappy that he cut his long beard right off!”可知，斯坦最后剪掉了胡子，故选C。

59．细节理解题。由最后一段句子“Stan’s wife was so happy”可知，当斯坦的妻子注意到斯坦的短胡子的时候，感觉很开心，故选A。

60．细节理解题。由倒数第三段句子“The beard went in and out-- first under the quilt, then over it, under, over, all night long.”可知，斯坦因为胡子整晚没有睡好觉，故选C。

61．C    62．C    63．B    64．A    65．D

【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了两个有趣的适合学生做的团队活动：水接力赛和真相与谎言。

61．细节理解题。根据第1段中“It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems.”可知第1段提到了三种团队技能：发展人际关系，与他人良好沟通，解决问题。故选C。

62．细节理解题。根据“Tools ●Two large buckets to hold water ●One small bucket for each team member”可知在水接力赛中每个队员需要一个小桶，还需要两个大桶盛水、故选C。

63．细节理解题。根据“Try to keep as much water as possible.”及“It’s fun to workout away to lose as little water as possible.”可知要赢得水接力赛，就要尽量少让水洒掉。故选B。

64．细节理解题。根据“Students love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so.”可知玩真相和谎言是很有趣的，因为团队成员可以谈论自己。故选A。

65．推理判断题。根据第1段中“It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are two fun team activities.”可知这是针对学生们学习团队技能而列举的两个有趣的活动，由此可推知极可能来自一本学校杂志。故选D。

66．D    67．C    68．B    69．A    70．A

【分析】本文介绍了闰年的情况及闰年形成的原因。

66．推理判断题。根据But it might be bad news if you were born on a February 29th. You have to wait three years in between birthdays，可知，出生在2月29日的人，生日之间要等三年，这意味着出生在这一天的20岁的人已经过了5个生日。故选D。

67．推理判断题。根据February 29th comes up on the calendar only every four years 及Each year, we have a little time left over. So every four years, we put all that time together into an extra（额外的）day，可知，每四年是一个闰年，而闰年是将所有的时间都放到了额外的一天里，由此可推断，闰年意味着多了一天。故选C。

68．推理判断题。根据In a leap year, the dates jump over one day of the week. Let me explain. In 2017, the last day of the year, December 31th, fell on a Sunday. In 2018, it fell on a Monday. In 2019, it fell on a Tuesday. But in 2020, December 31th will fall on a Thursday. It jumps right over Wednesday，可知，2017年的最后一天是星期日，2018年最后一天是星期一，2019年最后一天是星期二，因为闰年多了一天，所以2020这个闰年的最后一天是星期四，那么2021年的最后一天应该是星期五。故选B。

69．细节理解题。根据Some people choose to marry on February 29th because it is an unusual date，可知，一些人选择在2月29日结婚是因为这一天很特别。故选A。

70．推理判断题。根据But some ancient peoples would likely tell couples not to do it…To be honest, these have no scientific basis，可知，古人告诉夫妇不要在这一天结婚，这是没有科学依据的，所以A选项错误。根据February 29th comes up on the calendar only every four years，可知，闰年每四年一次，所以B选项正确。根据But some ancient peoples would likely tell couples not to do it. Leap years were believed to be difficult, and leap days were unlucky，可知，一些古人认为闰年不吉利，所以C选项正确。根据Each year, we have a little time left over，可知，在闰年来临前，每年我们都有一些剩余的时间，所以D选项正确。故选A。

71．C    72．D    73．B    74．B    75．A

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何避免浪费食物。

71．推理判断题。根据文中“According to the United Nations, 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted every year-that's about a third of the world's total food.“可推理出，世界上每年大约有30%的食物被浪费掉。故选C。

72．推理判断题。根据文中“The Wuhan Catering Association suggested that restaurants try the “N-1 mode”. For example, a group of 10 diners should only order enough for nine people at first. More food is only brought to the table if required.“可推理从，根据”N-1模式“，食客在餐厅用餐按照少一个人的分量来点餐。故选D。

73．主旨大意题。根据文中“A related online campaign has been launched on Sina Weibo. Users share photos or videos of empty plates after finishing their meals.以及On WeChat, a mini-program called “Clear Plate” invites people to exchange pictures of their empty plates for credit points (信用分). People can use the credit to buy things or donate food to children in poor areas.“可知，本段主要讲述了社交媒体上所开展的食物节约的运动。故选B。

74．词句猜测题。根据前句“We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation, encouraging them to carry out the virtue (美德) of cherishing food”可猜测出，希望我们的努力能在年轻一代中掀起一股新的潮流，鼓励他们发扬美德，珍惜食物，后句应是养成节约的习惯，故下划线单词“thrift”的意思应是“节约”。故选B。

75．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文中“To promote（推广）the campaign, restaurants and catering associations in more than 18 provinces in China have all made guidelines to control food waste.和“We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation, encouraging them to carry out the virtue (美德) of cherishing food and developing the habit of thrift,” said Liu Jichen, developer of the mini-program.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了告诉我们如何避免浪费食物。故选A。

2020年山东省济南市历城区中考一模英语试题

46．B    47．D    48．C    49．B    50．C

【分析】本文讲述魔术师亨利和他的鹦鹉，他们俩在船上给客人表演戏法，有一天船出了事故，撞成了碎片，鹦鹉还以为船是亨利变没了的故事。

46．细节理解题。根据“Henry worked on a ship, doing tricks (魔术).”可知，他是一个魔术师，故选B。

47．细节理解题。根据“It saw the shows so many times that it understood everything.”可知，它看了那么多次节目，所以它理解了一切。故选D。

48．细节理解题。根据“Then it started shouting during the show: …Henry was very angry but could do nothing.”可知，亨利生气因为鹦鹉总是在表演期间大喊。故选C。

49．细节理解题。根据“When he climbed up onto a piece of wood, he found the parrot there.”可知，事故后，亨利和他的鹦鹉在一块木头上。故选B。

50．细节理解题。根据“One day the ship had an accident and broke into pieces.”可知，船出了事故，撞成了碎片。故选C。

51．A    52．B    53．C    54．A    55．D

【分析】16岁的黄智冬非常喜欢雕刻微型的龙舟头模型，后来他还把这项爱好发展成了一门生意。

51．细节理解题。由第一段“but miniature models dragon heads that he has made himself over the years”可知，他屋子里都是他亲手做的微型的龙舟头模型。故选A。

52．推理判断题。结合第二段中的"This is a traditional form of art in his hometown of Guangdong."和第三段中的as dragon boat races were often held in his hometown可知，他的家乡是广东省，而龙舟比赛经常在他的家乡举办，故选B。

53．细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的"At the age of 13, Huang received his first order for four models of dragon heads after posting pictures online."可知，他在13岁时接到了第一个订单。故选C。

54．细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的"At the age of 13, Huang received his first order ... It took him two weeks to finish the four models."可知黄花费两周完成了他的第一个订单，A项是正确的表述。故选A。

55．推理判断题。通读全文可知，黄智冬非常热爱雕刻龙舟头模型，这是一项中国的传统艺术，故选D。

56．D    57．C    58．C    59．A    60．D

【分析】本文介绍STEM教育，STEM代表科学、技术、工程和数学，这意味着学生可以在一个班里学习这四门课程。一旦学生获得了基本知识，他们就会立即练习。

56．细节理解题。根据“STEM stands for Science, Technology, Engineering and Math.”可知，STEM代表科学、技术、工程和数学，但不包括英语。故选D。

57．细节理解题。根据“For example, after learning about the electrical circuit, students are required to design one that can control three lights at the same time.”可知，例如，在学习了电路之后，要求学生设计一个可以同时控制三个灯的电路。此处的one指代“the electrical circuit”。故选C。

58．细节理解题。根据“STEM stands for Science, Technology, Engineering and Math. It means students can learn these four subjects in one class.”和句子“It invited college teachers to teach more than 80 students about programming, robotics and other interdisciplinary (跨学科的）knowledge.”以及句子“They also have many projects to improve their hands-on abilities. The course also develops students' creativity.”可知，选项A/B/D描述与原文一致，正确，而选项C文章未涉及到，故选C。

59．词义猜测题。根据“If you open the door, the lights will turn on automatically,”可知，如果你打开门，灯就会自动打开。推出automatically的意思为“自动地”，故选A。

60．判断正误题。根据“he made a robot within two months. From assembling to testing, he finished it on his own.”可知，他在两个月内制造了一个机器人。从组装到测试，他都是自己完成的。可知D选项描述错误，故选D。