高中英语高考M6 Unit 4 Helping people around the world(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(解析)

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M6 Unit 4 Helping people around the world(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(浙江省宁波市镇海中学2021届高三上选考适应性测试)What do you do with old stuff? That dress you bought for a party three years ago, for example. You wore it once and put it away somewhere. So, what to do?In the UK, we might take it to a charity shop. The first charity shops appeared in Britain in the 19th century. The Salvation Army was one of the first to run a second-hand clothing shop to provide the needy with affordable clothes. This was followed by charities such as the British Red Cross, who also relieved hardship and raised money for the war effort during World War Two. In 1947, Oxfam opened a charity shop in High Street, Oxford, which is the modem form we know today. These days, charily shops are a common sight with around 11,200 shops across the UK, according to the survey conducted by the Charity Retail Association. During business hours the public can donate their unwanted items to a charity shop clothes, books, electronics, furniture. These items are checked for wear and tear and if found still serviceable, priced up to be sold at a heavily discounted price.For many, this is a win-win situation. To the charity, it means a valuable source of income. To the consumer, it provides the opportunity to buy, often extremely cheaply, items and clothes. To the donator, it may help to assuage consumer guilt. “You can make a pretty good case to yourself that you are doing good, because what you are doing is going towards a charitable cause and you are saving stuff from landfill(垃圾堆),” Clare Press, fashion journalist and sustainable style advocate, tells the Guardian.There are sometimes hidden treasures for the buyers, too. Take a screen print for example. It was bought for 99p and later found to be by English artist Ben Nicholson. It was sold for £ 4, 200. So next time you need to rid yourself of something, spare a thought for the charity shop—after all, charity begins at home!【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国的慈善商店的起源、作用以及带来的好处。1.The text is mainly written to________.A. comment on the benefits of charity shops  B. analyze the popularity of the UK charitiesC. list the names of the first UK charity shops  D. offer an introduction of UK charity shops【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是英国慈善商店的起源、作用以及带来的好处，由此可知本文的主要目的是为了介绍英国的慈善商店。故此题选D。2.What does the underlined word “assuage” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Ease    B. Add    C. Mix    D. Increase【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“You can make a pretty good case to yourself that you are doing good, because what you are doing is going towards a charitable cause and you are saving stuff from landfill(你可以给自己一个很好的理由，证明自己做得很好，因为你所做的是为了慈善事业，你正在从垃圾堆中节约了一些东西)”可知，对于捐赠者来说，把不需要的东西捐赠给慈善商店，就是给自己找了一个很好的丢掉自己不要东西的理由，以此来降低自己丢弃东西的负罪感。由此可以推知，assuage的意思是“减轻”的意思。A. Ease.减少；B. Add.增加；C. Mix.混合；D. Increase.增加。故此题选A。3.What does the author advise people to do in the last paragraph?A. Get rid of unwanted items. B. Start charity from daily life.C. Be environmentally friendly. D. Make a difference for the future.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“So next time you need to rid yourself of something, spare a thought for the charity shop—after all, charity begins at home!( 所以，下次你需要丢掉一些东西的时候，想想慈善商店吧——毕竟，慈善从家里开始)”可知，作者建议慈善应该从家庭做起，也就是说，慈善应该源于日常生活。故此题选B。B(江西省赣州市2021届高三一模)In November 2019, Luke Summerscales and Jessica Jacobs were in a remote mountain range of New South Wales, fighting some of the worst bush-fires on record in Australia, when another disaster struck: a fellow firefighter collapsed from a heart attack. The nearest ambulance was more than an hour away and the terrain(地形)was too steep for a rescue helicopter to land, so the pair started doing CPR on 53-year-old John Kennedy until he was able to breathe on his own.In November 2020, the Country Fire Authority recognized their actions by giving them both Chief Officer Commendation awards. But they're volunteers. Summerscales builds houses for a living; Jacobs works as a university lab technician. Starting in late 2019, as record fires spread fast across their nation during its summer season, they joined tens of thousands of Australians who set aside their usual lives to help stop the spread of the fires.As climate change heightens both the frequency and intensity(强度)of bushfires, firefighters are being tested to new extremes. Australia unusually relies on volunteer labor in the state of New South Wales, which suffered some of the country's most severe fires during the 2019-2020 bushfire season, close to 90% of the men and women fighting fires were volunteers. It's been this way for more than a century in Australia, with ordinary citizens working together to protect the land.2019 was Australia's hottest and driest on record, and the resulting fires all but exhausted the men and women constantly called to battle them. Peter Holding, 66, who has been a volunteer firefighter for 43 years, says he's never seen anything as severe as last summer’s bushfire season. Still, as Australia's fire season intensifies in late 2020, its volunteer firefighters are preparing to do battle again.【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述两名志愿者救火人员Summerscales和Jacobs的事迹，对澳大利亚的志愿者救火人员进行了介绍。4.What can we know from Paragraph 1?A. Australia keeps a world record of the worst bush fire.B. Kennedy has been a volunteer firefighter for a long time.C. Australia can’t provide search and rescue for remote areas.D. Summerscales and Jacobs know how to perform first aid.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“the pair started doing CPR on 53-year-old John Kennedy until he was able to breathe on his own”(两人开始为53岁的约翰·肯尼迪做心肺复苏术，直到他能够自己呼吸)可知，Summerscales和Jacobs知道如何进行急救。故选D。5.What can we infer about Summerscales and Jacobs?A. They used to work in a hospital.    B. They once suffered from heart attack.C. They are not professional firefighters.   D. They don't deserve to get the award.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“But they're volunteers. Summerscales builds houses for a living; Jacobs works as a university lab technician. ”(但是他们的志愿者。Summerscales以建造房屋为生；Jacobs是一名大学实验室技术员)可知，Summerscales和Jacobs不是专业的救火人员。故选C。6.What does the underlined phrase “this way” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Volunteers are the main force in fighting fires in New South Wales.B. Ordinary citizens are unwilling to be professional firefighters.C. New South Wales always suffers the most severe bush-fire.D. Firefighters in New South Wales bear great pressure in summer.【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据倒第二段倒第二句中的“close to 90% of the men and women fighting fires were volunteers”(近90%的救火人员是志愿者)可知，this way是指在新南威尔士州，志愿者是救火的主要力量。故选A。7.What is the text mainly about?A. Australia's forest fires.      B. Fire management in Australia.C. Australia's volunteer firefighters.    D. The climate change in Australia.【答案】C【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段和第二段讲述了两名志愿者救火人员Summerscales和Jacobs的事迹，第三段表明澳大利亚的救火人员以志愿者为主，这种现象已经持续了一个多世纪，最后一段讲述了2019年是澳大利亚史上最干燥炎热的一年，志愿者救火人员们面临着巨大挑战。所以文章主要是讲澳大利亚的志愿救火人员。故选C。C (山东省菏泽市2021届高三下学期一模)Charvi Goyal is a high school student from Dallas, Texas, who helps out other classmates by tutoring them between classes. A tutor is someone who teaches one person or a very small group of students.When Goyal's high school moved online last spring because of COVID-19, she decided to also take her teaching online. The 17-year-old junior and three of her fellow students created TutorScope, a program that offers free tutoring services to other children, including younger ones. It started with a small number of tutors who helped young people in their city. But it has grown into a group of 22 tutors from Texas, Arizona and Ohio. They have helped more than 300 students, some from as far away as South Korea.TutorScope aims to give the one-on-one help that teachers have traditionally given while walking around their classrooms. But now, many teachers cannot provide that one-on-one support because they lack time or have issues with technology.Sarah Newman said her children, 7-year-old twins, have had helpful TutorScope experiences. The service has freed up her and her 17-year-old son in pay attention to their work. "With these tutors, I realize they have time,“ she said, “I think they are very patient with these younger kids, which I do not even have as a mother. I have patience in other things, but I don't have patience for teaching.What makes the TutorScope effort special is the connection between the teenage volunteers and the other students they are helping. Although the pandemic(疫情)has forced many students to look inward, Goyal said that working with others on a big project has permitted her to look outward. "My confidence level has increased," Goyal said. She added that she has made friends with other students from her school. She said one of the best things about running a growing non-profit is that it does help with the boredom of being stuck at home.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高中生Goyal在COVID-19的爆发时，建立了网络教学，帮助学生，与此同时，也提高了自己的自信心。8.What did Goyal do last spring?A. She helped her classmates at school.   B. She got active in fighting COVID-19.C. She offered online classes to students.   D. She went to South Korea for help.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“When Goyal's high school moved online last spring because of COVID-19, she decided to also take her teaching online.”(去年春天，由于COVID-19的爆发，戈亚尔所在的高中搬到了网上，她决定也把自己的教学也搬到了网上)可知，去年春天她为学生提供在线课程。故选C项。9.What’s the purpose of TutorScope?A. To give online help  B. To make profits  C. To make friends  D. To choose volunteers.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“The 17-year-old junior and three of her fellow students created TutorScope, a program that offers free tutoring services to other children, including younger ones.”(17岁的高二和她的三名同学创建了TutorScope项目，为其他孩子提供免费辅导服务，包括年龄较小的孩子)可推断，TutorScope的目的是提供在线帮助。故选A项。10.What’s Sarah Newman's attitude towards the program?A. Favorable   B. Tolerant   C. Skeptical   D. Critical.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“"With these tutors, I realize they have time,“ she said, “I think they are very patient with these younger kids, which I do not even have as a mother. I have patience in other things, but I don't have patience for teaching.”(“有了这些导师，我意识到他们有时间，”她说，“我认为他们对这些更小的孩子很有耐心，而我作为一个母亲，甚至没有像他们一样的时间和耐心。”我在其他事情上有耐心，但在教学上就没有耐心了)可推断，莎拉·纽曼对这个项目持支持态度。故选A项。11.What can we learn from Goyal’s success?A. Putting the cart before the horse.    B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.C. No man can do two things at once.   D. Helping others will benefit oneself.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“My confidence level has increased,” Goyal said. She added that she has made friends with other students from her school. She said one of the best things about running a growing non-profit is that it does help with the boredom of being stuck at home.”(戈亚尔说:“我的自信心增强了。”她补充说，她已经和学校里的其他学生交了朋友。她说，经营一个不断壮大的非营利组织的好处之一是，它确实有助于摆脱被困在家里的无聊)可推断，她做这个项目也帮助了自己。故选D项。D(四川省南充市2021届高三第二次高考适应性考试)In the winter of 1910, Dr. Wu Lien-teh stepped off a train in the northern Chinese city of Harbin. He was there to solve a medical mystery, at great personal risk. Over the past few months, an unknown disease had swept along the railways of northeast China, killing 99.9%of its victims. The Qing Imperial court had sent the Cambridge-educated Dr. Wu north to stop the epidemic(流行病).When Dr Wu arrived in Harbin on Christmas Eve, 1910, he carried little in the way of medical instruments and had only one assistant. One of Wu’s first acts upon arrival was to set up special quarantine (隔离) units and to order lockdowns to stop infected persons from traveling and spreading the disease. He had teams check households for possible cases, and even managed to convince authorities to completely close the railways in the early weeks of 1911. Of particular concern was the upcoming Chinese New Year holiday, which had become a great annual migration of people traveling across the country to see their families.Thanks to Dr. Wu’s efforts, the number of victims began to die down, and by March 1, 1911, the epidemic was fully contained. The pneumonic plague outbreak of 1910-1911 lasted nearly four months, affected five provinces and six major cities, and accounted for over 60,000 deaths. It is clear that without the brave and decisive actions taken by Dr. Wu, it could have been much worse. Had the epidemic gone unchecked, allowing holiday rail passengers to spread the disease to the rest of China could have meant a catastrophic loss of life and possibly a global health crisis.In April 1911, Dr. Wu chaired an International Plague Conference in Shenyang, attended by scientists from 11 counties including the United States, Great Britain, Russia, Japan and France. They praised Dr. Wu for his handling of the 1910-1911 outbreak. For a time, Dr. Wu was the world’s most famous plague fighter, a title be defended in a malaria epidemic in China in 1919, and a return of plague in 1921.【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伍连德博士带领中国人民战胜瘟疫的事迹。12.What was Dr Wu’s mission in 1910?A. To take personal risk.      B. To provide medical education.C. To end an epidemic.      D. To investigate the number of victims.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In the winter of 1910, Dr. Wu Lien-teh stepped off a train in the northern Chinese city of Harbin. He was there to solve a medical mystery, at great personal risk.(1910年冬天，吴连德博士在中国北方城市哈尔滨下了一列火车。他冒着极大的个人风险，去那里解决一个医学之谜)”以及“The Qing Imperial court had sent the Cambridge-educated Dr. Wu north to stop the epidemic.(清朝朝廷派毕业于剑桥大学的吴博士去北方阻止疫情。)”可知，伍博士的任务是结束流行病。故选C。13.Which of Dr Wu’s acts stopped the disease from spreading nationwide?A. Setting up special organizations.    B. Convincing authorities to close railways.C. Carrying with him medical instruments.  D. Checking households for possible cases.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He had teams check households for possible cases, and even managed to convince authorities to completely close the railways in the early weeks of 1911.(他让团队检查住户，寻找可能的病例，甚至成功说服当局在1911年的头几周完全关闭了铁路。)”以及第三段“Had the epidemic gone unchecked, allowing holiday rail passengers to spread the disease to the rest of China could have meant a catastrophic loss of life and possibly a global health crisis.(如果疫情没有得到控制，让假日火车乘客将疾病传播到中国其他地区可能意味着灾难性的生命损失，甚至可能引发全球健康危机)”可知，他说服当局关闭铁路阻止了疾病在全国的传播。故选B。14.What can we infer from the third paragraph?A. The disease worsened after Mach 1,1911.B. The world was saved from a major epidemic in 1911.C. 60,000 people would have died without Dr. Wu’s efforts.D. A global health crisis followed the 1910-1911 outbreak.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Had the epidemic gone unchecked, allowing holiday rail passengers to spread the disease to the rest of China could have meant a catastrophic loss of life and possibly a global health crisis.(如果疫情没有得到控制，让假日火车乘客将疾病传播到中国其他地区可能意味着灾难性的生命损失，甚至可能引发全球健康危机)”可推知，1911年，世界从一场大流行病中被拯救了出来。故选B。15.What can we know about Dr. Wu from the last paragraph?A. He was infected with malaria in 1919.   B. He travelled worldwide hosting conferences.C. He claimed epidemic would never happen again. D. He continued to fight epidemics in China after 1911.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For a time, Dr. Wu was the world’s most famous plague fighter, a title be defended in a malaria epidemic in China in 1919, and a return of plague in 1921.(伍博士一度是世界上最著名的鼠疫斗士，在1919年中国的疟疾流行和1921年的鼠疫卷土重来中，他的称号得到了捍卫)”可知，1911年以后，他继续在中国抗击传染病。故选D。二、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (广东省兴宁市第一中学2021届高三上学期期末)We’ve long been taught that helping others helps ourselves. As Charles Dickens wrote, “No one is useless in this world who lightens the burdens of another.”Science has shown that unselfish behaviors actually do improve our health.    1    It can reduce the risk for cognitive impairment(认知障碍). It can even help us live longer.    2    A 2017 study found pain sufferers who volunteered reported decreased pain along with an improved sense of purpose. A new series of studies may have found one reason. Regions of the brain that react to painful stimulation seem to instantly disappear by the experience of giving.In another study, the researchers employed cancer patients living with pain and asked them to cook and clean for themselves or for the benefit of others at their treatment center.    3    When they did the work for their own personal benefit, the pain-relieving effect was reduced by over 62%.In addition, the study found it was the meaning people gave to their good deeds that predicted how much pain the brain would perceive. Researchers believe the medicine should consider using unselfish “supplement therapies(补充疗法)to treat pain.”    4    A reduced sense of pain combined with feel-good chemicals—it seems our brains reward us for helping others even when we’re not expecting anything in return.    5    It is a good way to improve your health and others.A. It is true for volunteers.B. Helping others helps ourselves.C. However, more research is needed about the idea.D. It also appears that giving can help us cope with pain.E. When they were helping others, their pain levels dropped.F. Volunteering, for example, has been shown to reduce stress and improve depression.G. Sounds like a great reason to put volunteering and other giving behaviors on your to-do list.【语篇导读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了无私行为和志愿活动能够给人带来的身体上的好处，尤其是帮助人们缓解疼痛方面的好处。1.【答案】F【解析】根据本段主旨句“Science has shown that unselfish behaviors actually do improve our health.(科学表明无私的行为确实能改善我们的健康。)”可知，本段在讲述无私行为在健康方面带来的好处，因此设空句应以此为话题，与后文相呼应讲述具体好处之一。选项F“Volunteering, for example, has been shown to reduce stress and improve depression.(例如，志愿活动已经被证明可以减轻压力，改善抑郁)”提到了具体好处，且句中“Volunteering”志愿活动为前文“unselfish behaviors”的举例，前后文衔接紧密，符合语境分析。故选F项。2.【答案】D【解析】设空句为本段主旨句。根据后文“A 2017 study found pain sufferers who volunteered reported decreased pain along with an improved sense of purpose. A new series of studies may have found one reason. Regions of the brain that react to painful stimulation seem to instantly disappear by the experience of giving.( 2017年的一项研究发现，自愿参与的疼痛患者报告称疼痛减轻了，使命感也提高了。一系列新的研究可能找到了一个原因。大脑中对痛苦刺激有反应的区域似乎会因给予的体验而立即消失)”可知，本段的核心话题应是“无私行为或志愿活动能够缓解疼痛”，选项D“It also appears that giving can help us cope with pain.(给予似乎也能帮助我们应对痛苦。)”贴合本段主旨。故选D项。3.【答案】E【解析】根据前文“In another study, the researchers employed cancer patients living with pain and asked them to cook and clean for themselves or for the benefit of others at their treatment center.(在另一项研究中，研究人员雇佣了一些生活在痛苦中的癌症患者，并要求他们为自己做饭和打扫卫生，或者为了治疗中心的其他人的利益)”可知，该研究中涉及的活动有两种：为自己做饭和打扫卫生和为他人。后文“When they did the work for their own personal benefit, the pain-relieving effect was reduced by over 62%.”提及了当他们为了自己的利益而工作时，缓解疼痛的效果减少了62%，因此设空句应讲述“为他人”带来的疼痛缓解效果。选项E“When they were helping others, their pain levels dropped.(当他们帮助别人时，他们的痛苦程度下降了)”符合语境分析，故选E项。4.【答案】C【解析】根据前文“Researchers believe the medicine should consider using unselfish ‘supplement therapies to treat pain.’(研究人员认为，这种医学上应该考虑使用无私的“补充疗法”来治疗疼痛)”提及了新的疗法：使用无私的“补充疗法”。因此设空句应对该疗法进行进一步的解释。选项C“However, more research is needed about the idea.”中“the idea”与前文提及的新疗法相呼应，“However”与前文形成转折关系，进一步解释了这种“新疗法”的想法需要更多的研究验证，前后衔接紧密。故选C项。5.【答案】G【解析】根据前文“A reduced sense of pain combined with feel-good chemicals—it seems our brains reward us for helping others even when we’re not expecting anything in return.(疼痛感的减少和感觉良好的化学物质的结合，似乎我们的大脑奖励我们帮助别人，即使不期望任何回报)”提到了“帮助别人”可以带来的好处，因此设空句应承接前文以“帮助别人”为话题，提出“帮助别人”的建议。选项G“Sounds like a great reason to put volunteering and other giving behaviors on your to-do list.(听起来这是一个把志愿活动和其他给予行为列入你的任务清单的好理由)”为提出建议句式，“a great reason”应是指前文内容，前后衔接紧密，符合语境分析。故选G项。三、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(改编自福建省龙岩市2021届高三第一次教学质量检测)My journey into researching Parkinson’s Disease(PD)started in 2015. And I travelled to Tanzania to understand what life was like for people living with PD with almost no    1    to medication or support. This project was the    2    that kick-started my passion to   3    a doctor’s degree where I could    4    more to the limited research on PD in AfricaMy PhD took me to Kenya, a(an)    5    income country on the East coast of Africa, which is also the place I call “    6   ”. Growing up in Kenya    7    my eyes to the difficulties. Since leaving Kenya for my later school years and then University in England, I always wanted to return and make a    8   .I have tried to join the Parkinson’s patient community and a non-profit organization. My experience involved many happy    9    but also so much sadness as I    10    physical and emotional sufferingAlthough I am not directly    11    by PD, my research experience and my interactions with people with PD from all over the world have made me want to    12    in any way I can. The PD community is    13    and my advice to anyone newly diagnosed would be to get    14    and learn as much as you can. There are so many    15    people out there.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为了帮助非洲患有帕金森病的人们所付出的一些努力。1. A. contribution B. ability C. access  D. reaction【答案】C【解析】A. contribution贡献；B. ability能力；C. access进入；D. reaction反应。根据后文“people living with PD with almost no … to medication or support”可知，指无法获得药物治疗或支持的患者生活，“无法获得……”的短语为no access to。故选C。2. A. experience B. alternative C. evidence  D. chance【答案】A【解析】A. experience经历；B. alternative选择；C. evidence证据；D. chance机会。根据上文“My journey into researching Parkinson’s Disease(PD) started in 2015. And I travelled to Tanzania”可知指此次去坦桑尼亚的经历，激发了作者攻读博士学位。也呼应后文“My experience”。故选A。3. A. hold B. receive C. fetch  D. pursue【答案】D【解析】A. hold持有；B. receive收到；C. fetch售得，卖得(某价)，取来，去拿来；D. pursue追求。根据后文“a doctor’s degree”可知作者决定攻读博士学位，pursue符合语境。故选D。4. A. contribute B. donate C. investigate  D. expand【答案】A【解析】A. contribute贡献；B. donate捐赠；C. investigate调查；D. expand展开，扩大。根据后文“more to the limited research on PD in Africa”可知作者读博士是为了给非洲的帕金森疾病研究做贡献。故选A。5. A. primitive  B. additional C. regular  D. low【答案】D【解析】A. primitive adj.原始的；B. additional额外的，；C. regular定期的；D. low低的。上文“to medication or support”以及后文“my eyes to the difficulties”可知，上文提到非洲的人们无法获得医疗方面的治疗和支持，而作者想要帮助他们，可见作者去的是低收入的国家，故选D。6. A. school B. shelter C. organization  D. home【答案】D【解析】A. school学校；B. shelter避难所；C. organization组织；D. home家。根据后文“Growing up in Kenya”可知肯尼亚是作者的家。故选D。7. A. blinded B. opened C. kept  D. lit【答案】B【解析】A. blinded使失明；B. opened打开；C. kept保持；D. lit点亮。根据后文“my eyes to the difficulties”可知为短语open one’s eyes to the difficulties表示“对困难有了深刻认识”。故选B。8. A. living B. difference C. decision  D. journey【答案】B【解析】A. living生活方式；B. difference差异；C. decision决定；D. journey旅程。根据上文“Since leaving Kenya for my later school years and then University in England, I always wanted to return and make a”可知，作者在英国读书后回到肯尼亚，是想要做出一些改变，make a difference“做出改变，产生影响”。故选B。9. A. memories B. reminders C. events  D. acquisitions【答案】A【解析】A. memories记忆；B. reminders提示物，提醒物；C. events事件；D. acquisitions获得物。根据前后文“My experience involved many happy …but also so much sadness”可知，指经历了包含快乐和悲伤的回忆。故选A。10. A. shared B. noticed C. witnessed  D. survived【答案】C【解析】A. shared分享；B. noticed注意到；C. witnessed目击；D. survived幸存。根据后文“physical and emotional suffering”可知悲伤的回忆是因为作者目睹了当地人身体和精神上的痛苦。故选C。11. A. hurt B. affected C. controlled  D. beaten【答案】B【解析】A. hurt伤害；B. affected影响；C. controlled控制；D. beaten打败。根据前后文“I am not directly…by PD”可知，作者没有直接收到帕金森病的而影响，affect符合语境。故选B。12. A. teach B. learn C. write  D. help【答案】D【解析】A. teach教学；B. learn学习；C. write写；D. help帮助。呼应第一段中“more to the limited research on PD in Africa”作者想为非洲的帕金森病做贡献，尽自己所能帮助当地人。故选D。13. A. popular B. wonderful C. economic  D. stubborn【答案】B【解析】A. popular流行的；B. wonderful极好的；C. economic经济的；D. stubborn固执的。结合后文提到帕金森疾病社区有很多鼓舞人心的人，可推知作者觉得这个社区很棒。故选B。14. A. involved B. excited C. puzzled  D. touched【答案】A【解析】A. involved有关的；B. excited激动的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. touched感动的。根据后文“and learn as much as you can”可知作者鼓励患病的人多参与和学习，get involved“参与”。故选A。15. A. modest B. ordinary C. inspirational  D. sensible【答案】C【解析】A. modest谦虚的；B. ordinary普通的；C. inspirational鼓舞人心的；D. sensible明智的。帕金森疾病社区是为了帮助那些患病的人，故可推知里面的人大多鼓舞人心。故选C。四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(改编自河南省商丘市第一高级中学2021届高三5月考)Isabel Crook has been awarded the Friendship Medal for her great    1   (contribute)to supporting China’s socialist modernization, promoting exchanges and cooperation between China and foreign countries, and safeguarding world peace.Born in Chengdu, Sichuan Province to a Canadian missionary(传教士)family in 1915, Isabel Crook came into the world during a time    2    World War I was underway in Europe and China’s last emperor Puyi was living in the Forbidden City after being forced    3   (step)down from the emperor’s chair three years earlier.While Crook’s parents were busy setting    4    schools in China, Crook herself was more interested in the many ethnic minority    5   (people)in China. As a foreign girl, she had every reason to be curious about   6    was going on around her. At the age of 23, Crook graduated from a Canadian college    7    a master’s degree and began carrying out field research in Sichuan Province. In 1947, Crook and her journalist husband    8   (welcome)by the Communist Party of China to study the revolutionary land reform taking place in China.Eager to be part of the revolution after completing their study of the land reform, the couple accepted an invitation from CPC leaders to teach at a    9   (new)established foreign affairs school in 1948. As a teacher she   10   (lay)the foundations for foreign language education in China in the 20th century.【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了伊莎贝尔•克鲁克，她在支持中国社会主义现代化建设、促进中外交流合作、维护世界和平等方面作出的巨大贡献，被授予友谊奖章。1.【答案】contributions【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。形容词great修饰名词，又她的贡献可能有许多，故填名词contributions。句意参看【语篇导读】。2.【答案】when【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是a time，在定语从句中作时间状语，指时间，用when引导，所以填when。句意：她来到这个世界的时候一战正在欧洲进。3.【答案】to step【解析】考查动词短语中的非谓语动词。force sb. to do sth.(be forced to do sth.)强迫某人做某事，所以填 to step。句意：中国最后一位皇帝溥仪在三年前被迫退位后住在紫禁城。4.【答案】up【解析】考查动词短语。set up建立，故填up。5.【答案】peoples【解析】考查词形转换(名词复数)。people作为“民族”是可数名词，根据句意可知此处应该用复数形式。所以填peoples。句意：当克鲁克的父母忙于在中国筹建学校时，克鲁克她自己对中国的许多少数民族更感兴趣。6.【答案】what【解析】考查名词从句。分析句子可知about后跟的是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指“……的事情”，用what引导，所以填what。句意：她完全有理由对周围发生的事情感到好奇。7.【答案】with【解析】考查介词。with是介词具有,带有,随着"，符合“毕业获得硕士学位”之意，所以填with。句意：克鲁克毕业于加拿大的一所大学，获得硕士学位，开始在四川省进行实地调查。8.【答案】were welcomed【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。主语Crook and her journalist husband(克鲁克和她的记者丈夫)与动词 welcome之间是被动关系，本文叙述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语是复数，故填were welcomed。句意：克鲁克和她的记者丈夫受到中国共产党的欢迎，研究中国正在进行的革命土地改革。9.【答案】newly【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。句意：1948年：这对夫妇接受了中共领导人的邀请，到一所新成立的外交学校任教。此处用副词修饰动词establish，newly是副词“最新,最近”，故填 newly。10.【答案】laid【解析】考查动词的时态。本文的叙述都是过去事情，二十世纪是过去，时态用一般过去时。所以填laid。句意：作为一名教师，她为20世纪中国的外语教育奠定了基础。五、写作写作(一)(宁夏吴忠市2021届高三一轮联考英语试题)假定你校正在组织一场英语作文比赛，请结合自己的经历，以“助人为乐”为主题，写一篇短文参赛。内容包括：1.你(或身边的人)帮助他人的经过；2.你的感受。注意：1.词数100左右；2.短文题目已为你写好。Be Ready to Help Others______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Be Ready to Help OthersIn February, it was freezing and a heavy snow swept our city. The thick snow and the icy ground made it difficult for us to walk. To ensure our safety, some of my teachers and schoolmates offered to shovel ice, sweep snow and lay non-slip mats at the entrance to the teaching building. Seeing what they had done for us, my heart was extremely warm on the cold morning.I admire and appreciate my teachers’ and schoolmates' actions of goodwill. They set a good example to us. I will also learn from them and volunteer to do something beneficial to others.写作(二)(江苏省徐州市一中2021届高三新高考模拟试一)The event that stands out in Tom's memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old. He was at home with his elder sister Jane. Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices. At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud, but he soon realized this time it was different.“Quick! Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop.” someone shouted.Then a thick burning smell filled the air. When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate, a thick cloud of smoke greeted him. The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying.Jane, who had been playing the violin in her room, hurried to the living room. They rushed out of the door and along the corridor(走廊)through the smoke.They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane suddenly stopped. She turned around and headed back the way they came. Tom had no idea what she was doing, but he followed her.Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them, whom they called Makcik. Jane began banging on Makcik’s door, but got no answer. As the smoke thickened around them, Tom could see many of their neighbors running for safety. The thought of fear  crossed his mind.“She might have run for safety like everyone else!” Tom cried. However, Jane refused to give up. “I know Makcik’s still inside.” She said she was familiar with Makcik’s daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping. She hit against the door. “Go downstairs. Go now! Go!”Paragraph 1:Tom noticed the flame was reaching up. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:Luckily, some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph 1:Tom noticed the flame was reaching up. Frozen with fear, he stood rooted to the spot and held Jane's hand tightly. Both of them were coughing heavily. Time seemed to stand still, though they were probably there for only two or three minutes. Tom begged Jane to run for safety as quickly as possible. Jane tried to protect her nose from the choking smoke and shook her head. She hit against the door again and again.Paragraph 2:Luckily, some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. A sense of strength immediately replaced the fear and anxiety in Jane's mind. She told them Ms. Makcik must be still in the room. They forced the door open with all their strength. Sure enough, Makcik was inside the room, lying in bed, unconscious. She was carried downstairs and then rushed to the hospital, where she finally came to herself. People in the neighborhood felt relieved and Jane and Tom were very happy.