专题13 词汇无忧 词组在手r~z——【备考2023】高考英语必背知识点梳理+思维导图（全国通用版）

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专题13 词汇无忧 词组在手r~z序号词组词性及词意r开头rather than而不,非raw material原料record holder记录保持者refer to提到,涉及,有关regard... as把……看作right away立即,马上right handeda.惯用右手的right now立即,马上right wingn.右翼ring back回电话ring off挂断电话,停止讲话ring roadn.环形公路ring up打电话给roller skatingn滑旱冰run away逃跑,失控run out of用完开头save one's life挽救某人生命school leavern.(英)学校毕业生scores of许多,大量see sawn.跷跷板（游戏）see...off为某人送行self servicen.自助,自我服务的sell out卖完,出卖send for派人去叫（请）send out发出,派遣send up发出,射出sentence...to death判处死刑separate...from...分开service chargen.服务费,小费set down放下set free释放,解放set off动身,起程；使爆发set out出发;开始set up settle down建立创立定居,平静下来shop assistant(英)售货员short waven.短波show off炫耀side by side肩并肩,一起sideroad(AmE sidewalk)n.人行道simple mindeda.纯朴,头脑简单sister in lawn.嫂,弟媳smoke freea.非吸烟的,无烟的snack barn.快餐店so as to以便,为的是so far到目前为止so far as（表示程度,范围）就……,尽……so long as只要so soa.一般；不怎么样；凑合so...that太……以至于……soft drinkn.(不含酒精)清凉饮料sooner or later迟早,早晚speed up加快速度spend...on在……花钱spoken man/ womann.发言人(pl.spokemen/women)stainless steel不锈钢stand for代表,象征statesman/ womann.政治家(pl.statesmen/women)step mothern.继母stop doing sth.停止做某事stop to do sth.停下来做某事struggle against同……作斗争such as例如swimming pooln.游泳池开头T shirtn.T恤衫table manners餐桌礼节,用餐的规矩table tennisn.乒乓球take away拿走take it easy别着急,别紧张take off脱下,起飞take one's time从容,慢慢行动take out取出take place发生take sb. in the arms搂抱take the place of取代,代替take up占去,占据（时间、地位等）talk about谈论,议论talk of谈论,议论tape recordern.磁带录音机tax free免税的telephone booth电话亭the Antarctic南极the Arctic北极the Arctic Ocean北冰洋the Atlantic Ocean大西洋the Britishn.英国国民；大不列颠人the day after tomorrow后天the day before yesterday前天the more...the more越…就越…the North (South) Pole（地球的）极,极地北（南）极the other day前几天,某日the Pacific Ocean太平洋think about考虑（是否去做）think of想起,考虑,认为,看法thousands of成千上万,几千throw away扔掉tick to坚持too...to太……以至于不……traffic lightsn.交通指挥灯红绿灯trolley busn.无轨电车try on试穿,试试看try out试验turn down关小,调低turn off关掉（水、电、电视、收音机等）turn on打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等）turn over翻动,犁翻（土地）turn up到达,来到；开大（声音）u开头up and down上下,来回used to do sth.过去常常used to sth.习惯于w开头wait for等候,等待waiting roomn.候诊室,候车室wake up醒来warm hearteda.热心的washing machinen.洗衣机well knowna.出名,众所周知的work out算出,解决world famousa.世界闻名的worry about担心,烦恼wrap up包好,伪装write down写下,记下write to写信给…z开头zebra crossing人行横道线（斑马线）zip code(美)(英)邮政区号=postcode   一、单项选择1．There are so many new words in this article that I can’t get along without ________ the dictionary.A．sticking to B．referring to C．looking up D．consulting to2．As a young man he ____ the students’ movements and later died for his homeland.A．joined B．attended C．participated in D．took part3．The sudden fall in the value of the dollar _____ financial experts.A．puzzling B．has puzzled C．puzzled out D．puzzles about4．Not only food and clothing but also medical treatment has been _____ the people who need it in the flooded areas.A．supplied with B．provided for C．turned in D．set out to5．I can         some noise while I’m studying, but I can’t stand very loud noise.A．put up with B．get rid ofC．have an effect on D．keep away from6．We are writing to the manger _____ the repairs recently carried out at the above address.A．with the exception of B．with the purpose ofC．with reference to D．with a view to7．—Here is a photo of my family taken 10 years ago. Can you        my brother?—The boy in yellow, I guess.A．pick up B．pick outC．take in D．take up8．Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he _____ his opinion.A．struck at B．strove for C．stuck to D．stood for9．—What happened to the company?—The bad news about it          a wave of selling its shares.A．sent off B．set offC．brought on D．set up10．If you let pressure benefit________ upset you，much more can be accomplished than you thought.A．more than B．rather thanC．other than D．less than11．It’s learned from the Public Security Ministry that in 2007, 327,209 road accidents occurred，________ 81,649 deaths.A．resulted in B．resulting inC．resulted from D．resulting from12．If you________any problems at school, you should turn to your teacher for help.A．run into B．run afterC．run over D．run away13．He is such a man who is always _____ fault with other people.A．putting B．seeking C．finding D．looking for14．—How does the factory train its workers?—It has          a night school to provide them with more technical training.A．set about B．set upC．set off D．set out15．—Why does she look upset?—She is _____ her mother’s complaints.A．filled with B．fed up with C．keeping up with D．patient with                           参考答案：1．B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这篇文章中有那么多新单词以致于不查阅字典我不能读它。A. sticking to坚持；B. referring to查阅；C. looking up仰望；D. consulting to咨询。根据后文“the dictionary”指查阅字典，应用refer to。故选B。2．C【详解】考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：年轻时，他参加了学生运动，后来为国捐躯了。A. joined加入；B. attended参加；C. participated in参加；D. took part参加。根据空后的宾语the students’ movements，“参加活动、运动等”应用participate in，take part in，join in。故选C项。3．B【详解】考查谓语动词和时态。句意：美元突然贬值，财经专家无不大伤脑筋。分析句子，句中缺少谓语动词，同时选项中puzzle是及物动词，意为“使……困惑”，后直接跟宾语，不需要接介词。puzzle out为固定短语，意为“推测出”不符合题意。故选B。4．B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不仅是食品和衣物还有医疗救治已经被提供给那些遭受洪灾地区的人们。A. supplied with供应；B. provided for提供；C. turned in归还；D. set out to打算。根据句意及所给句子可知，食品衣服和医疗救治应该是被别人提供的，provided for符合题意。故选B项。5．A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我学习的时候我可以忍受某些噪音，但是我不能忍受非常大的噪音。A. put up with忍受；B. get rid of摆脱；C. have an effect on有影响；D. keep away from远离。结合句意可知，此处表示我不能忍受非常大的噪音。故选A项。6．C【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：关于最近在上述地址进行的维修，我们写信给经理。A. with the exception of除……之外；B. with the purpose of指望，以……为目的；C. with reference to关于；D. with a view to以……为目的。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“关于”，应用with reference to。故选C。7．B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——这是一张10年前我家人的照片。你能认出我哥哥吗？——我猜是那个穿黄色衣服的男孩。A.pick up拿起，提起；B.pick out辨认出，分辨出；C.take in领会；D.take up占据。根据“The boy in yellow, I guess.”可知，此处是指能否认出提问者的哥哥。故选B。8．C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：埃德加对这个事实的正确性深信不疑，他因此坚持他自己的意见。A. strike at攻击；B. strive for 争取；C. stick to 坚持，信守；D. stand for支持，代表；根据“Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact（因为对事实的正确性深信不疑）”，所以埃德加“坚持”自己的观点。故选C。9．B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——这家公司怎么了？——有关这家公司的坏消息引起了一股出售它的股票的浪潮。A. sent off送别；B. set off引发；C. brought on导致；D. set up建立。根据The bad news ，“引发；引起”符合题意。故选B项。10．B【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：如果你让压力受益而不是让你心烦意乱，那么可以取得比你想象的更多的成就。A. more than超过；B. rather than而不是；C. other than除了；D. less than少于。结合句意可知，此处表示“而不是”应为rather than连接平行结构，符合句意。故选B项。11．B【详解】考查动词短语辨析和非谓语动词。句意：从公安部得到的消息：2027年共发生327,209起交通事故，造成81,649人死亡。result in导致；result from由……造成；根据句意，此处为导致，应用result in。分析句子结构，“result in 81,649 deaths(造成81,649人死亡)”在句子中做结果状语，应使用非谓语动词形式，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作状语 ，故选B项。12．A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你在学校遇到任何问题，你应该向你的老师求助。A. run into碰上，遇到；B. run after追赶；C. run over撞倒并碾过；D. run away逃走，突然离开。根据“you should turn to your teacher for help.”可知，表示你在校遇到问题要向老师求助。故选A。13．C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他是一个总挑别人毛病的人。A. putting放置； B. seeking寻找； C.finding找到；D. looking for寻找。固定短语find fault with意为“挑……的毛病，对……吹毛求疵”。故选C。14．B【详解】考点动词短语辨析。句意：——工厂如何培训工人？——它已设立夜校向工人提供更多的技术培训。A. set about开始着手做……；B. set up设立，开办；C. set off 使爆炸，出发；D. set out出发；结合句a night school to provide them with more technical training.可知，此处表示“建立”夜校为工人提供培训。故选B。15．B【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：--她为什么看起来不高兴?--她受够了她妈妈的抱怨。A. filled with填满；B. fed up with厌烦的；C. keeping up with与……保持一致；D. patient with对……耐心的。根据“look upset”可知，厌烦才会导致不高兴。故选B。