专题06 单词拼写&动词适当形式填空-备考中考英语一模分项讲解和真题练习(江苏专用)
展开专题06 单词拼写&动词适当形式填空-备考中考英语
一模分项讲解和真题练习(江苏专用)
空前空后要注意,名词单复要牢记,还有’s不能弃;
动词注意要变形,五种形式要牢记;
形、副注意用三级,前后缀也不能弃;
要填数词请留意,千万别忘“基”和“序”;
填入代词需慎重,五格变化要谨记;
介词、连词最省力,看见照抄就可以。
●动词:原形(do);三单(does);过去式(did);现在分词(doing);过去分词(done)
1. be后面可以填三种形式:现在分词、过去分词或形容词。
----- be + doing构成进行时; be + adj.表状态 ; be +done构成被动语态
2. have/has/had 后首先考虑填动词的过去分词
------have /has /had +done构成现在完成时态
3. 介词后可以填:doing; 名词 ;代词宾格
4. can’t / should / might / don’t /didn’t/ doesn’t / won’t / please/ had better/would rather/used to +动词原形
5. before / after/ while/ when +doing
6. 主谓一致
Who +V.(多为单数形式) 或 What +V. (多为单数形式)
注意在定语从句中,先行词 who +V ------- V.的单复数与先行词的单复数保持一致。
并列连词中,如not only A but also B (A and B) A、B词性和词形一致
主语后的except/but/as well as you充当定语,不影响主语的单复数。
时间,金钱,长宽高深重等量充当主语时,一律为单数。
●名词:单复数,所有格,大小写
1. 冠词、形容词、物主代词和名词所有格后填名词。
----- a/an/the + n.;adj. + n. ;物主代词+n.;n’s +n.
2. 介词后可以填:doing; 名词 ;代词宾格
3. 名词前可填形容词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。
------ adj. +n. ;物主代词+n.;n’s+n
●形容词/副词:形副词;比最高;前后缀
1. 冠词和名词之间填形容词。 ------冠词+ adj. +n.
2. 名词前可填形容词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。
------ adj. +n. ;物主代词+n.;n’s+n
3. 冠词the后,多考虑填名词,但有时也可以填形容词表示一类人或者形容词副词的最高级。
-----the + n. ; the + adj.; the + adj./adv.最高级
4. 通过所缺词前后的关键词,填出答案。
much/even/a little/a bit/any/far/a lot/still+ 比较级 ;比较级+than ;
the +比较级----,the +比较级-------
5. more 后填形容词或副词原级;可数名词复数;不可数名词
------more+多音节原级; more +n. (pl.); more +不可数名词.
6. 动词或动词短语后填副词
------v.+ adv. 或 adv. +v.
7. 句中不缺成分,考虑填副词,句末一定是副词
8. 句首空词,并且后面有逗号,考虑填副词。
------However, /Luckily ,/ Unluckily,/ Perhaps, / Most importantly , +句子
●数词:基数词;序数词;基数词复数;序数词复数
1. 数字(除one外)后面填名词复数,序数词后填名词单数。
------基数词(除one外)+ n. (pl.) 序数词+n.(单数)
2. 如果需要填数词,则看名词,名词是复,填基数词;名词是单数填序数词或 one
-------基数词+ n. (pl.) 序数词/ one +n.(单数)
3. 通过所缺词前后的关键词,填出答案。固定搭配。
A +序数词+time(再一次);in the/one’s +基数词复数(在几十多度/在某人几十多岁);
基数词+序数词(s)(几分之几);hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of ...
●代词:人称代词;物主代词;反身代词;不定代词(neither);指示代词;相互代词;指示代词;疑问代词;关系代词;缩合连接代词(whenever)
批注:模拟考中可能会考查反身代词。
●连词:并列连词;从属连词
1. 两个句子之间填并列连词
2. 从句句首,主语前填从属连词。 ------连词 句子,句子。(注意:连词后无标点)
批注:模拟考中很少会考到连词。
●介词
批注:模拟考中可能会考查against; beyond等介词。
拿到动词填空题,看到题目要求,首先要有两个方面的思想准备:
1、所给的动词须用谓语形式
动词的谓语形式是和各种时态联系在一起的。不同的时态对动词词形的要求各不相同,如动词原形、动词的第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式、过去分词等,而且很多时候还必须和相应的助动词搭配到一起,如 do /does、 be动词、 have / has 以及情态动词等。
2、所给的动词须用非谓语形式
动词的非谓语形式是和各种语言现象即习惯表达法联系到一起的。在这些语言现象中,用动词的相应词形和其它动词或介词等构成固定的搭配或习惯用法,因而对动词的词形也有着严格的要求。主要有:动名词、不定式、动词原形等。
英语中常用的习惯表达法按其所包含的动词词形分类如下:
(1)包含动名词的有下列词汇和句型:
enjoy、stop、finish、miss、continue、practice、like / love、remember、forget、keep sb.、go on、look forward to、 spend some time / money、What about、 How about、 Thank you for、+ doing sth.
注意:在介词之后的动词也要用动名词形式。
(2)包含动词不定式的有下列词汇和句型:
want ( sb.)、need ( sb.)、would like、forget、remember、stop、continue、go on、ask / tell sb.、have enough/no time / money、It’s a good place for sb.、
It’s + adj. + for sb.、 Sb. +be + adj. + enough、 Sb. + be + too + adj.、
It takes / took sb. some time + to do sth.
注意:
a、forget 和remember之后既可以接动名词,也可以接动词不定式,区别在于:后接动名词表示动作已经做过了,而接不定式表示动作还未做。因此,用forget 和remember后接动词不定式可以表示对别人的提醒。
Don’t forget to lock the door when you leave .
你走时别忘了锁门。( 门还没锁,提醒对方别忘了去锁。)
Sorry , I can’t remember seeing you before .
对不起,我记不得以前见过你。(以前可能见过,但忘了。)
b、continue 、go on等词汇之后也是既可以接动名词,也可以接动词不定式,区别在于:后接动名词表示继续做同样一件事情,而后接动词不定式表示继续去做另一件事情。
He went on working in the garden for the whole morning .
他在花园里干活干了一上午。 (上午一直在花园里干活,没干别的。)
She did some reading first and then went on to write a letter to her parents .
她先读了会书,而后又给父母写了封信。
c、stop后接动名词表示停止正在做的事情,而后接动词不定式表示停下来去做另一件事情。
Stop talking . The teacher is coming . 别讲话。老师来了。
There are so many people over there . Let’s stop to see what is happening .
那边那么多人。我们停下来去看看发生什么事情。
这些词汇之后具体接哪种动词词形要根据句意去判断。
(3)常用到动词原形的习惯表达法有:
help sb.、make sb、see / hear sb.、had better、let sb.、Why not、Why don’t you、+ do sth.
注意:
1、help之后可以接动词不定式,也可接动词原形。接动词不定式的时候,不定式符号to可以省去。
2、see 、hear 等感官动词之后既可以接动词原形,也可以接动名词。区别在于:后接动名词时表示所看到 / 听到的动作是正在进行的,而且是动作的局部;后接动词不定式时表示所看到 / 听到的是动作的全过程。
3、在祈使句中也要用到动词原形。
【真题详解】
【2022年南京市金陵中学中考英语一模试题】
(C)根据短文内容, 从下列方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空, 使短文内容完整正确。
of course; wait a few minutes; too much; start your day with; excited
Are you always hungry in the morning? Don’t feel sorry for that. You can always ____51____ a banana shake. It will make you feel full after you drink it. Some people know a banana milk shake is good, but they don’t often drink it. They think it will bring them ____52____ weight( 体重). But that’s not really true. It has a lot of protein(蛋白质) and fiber(纤维). Both of them are important for our body. Lots of reports say banana milk shakes are good for our health.
People become ____53____ about that. And more and more people fall in love with banana milk shakes. But how can you get some?
You can usually get a banana milk shake in a nearby shop. ____54____ , you can also make a simple one at home. It’s really easy! First, prepare some sliced bananas, a cup of ice and half a cup of milk. Next, put them all into the blender. You can also add some chocolate, coconut or coffee, if you like. Then turn on the blender and ____55____ . Finally, enjoy your delicious banana milk shake!
【答案】
51. start your day with 52. too much 53. excited 54. of course 55. wait a few minutes
【解析】本文是篇说明文,主要讲喝香蕉奶昔对身体健康很有帮助,能够提供身体所需的蛋白质和纤维素。同时详细介绍了如何在家自制香蕉奶昔。
【51题详解】
句意:你总是从一杯香蕉奶昔开始你的一天。根据“ It will make you feel full after you drink it.”可知,喝了后让你有饱腹感。那前面应该是喝奶昔。根据所给选项及语境可判断是start your day with“以什么开始你的一天”,符合语境。故填start your day with。
【52题详解】
句意:他们认为它(喝香蕉奶昔)会让他们增加太多体重。根据“ They think it will bring them … weight”可知,这里需填个修饰词来修饰名词weight,weight“重量”,为不可数名词。根据所给词和语境可知是 too much“太多”,后面加不可数名词,符合语境。故填too much。
【53题详解】
句意:人们对那变得很兴奋。become是连系动词,后面加形容词。become excited about sth. 表示“对什么很激动或兴奋”,符合语境。故填excited。
【54题详解】
句意:当然,你也可以自己在家做个简单的(奶昔)。根据前文说的“You can usually get a banana milk shake in a nearby shop. ”以及后面的“you can also make a simple one at home.”可知,这里是表示主观判断。根据语境和所给选项,词组of course“当然”,符合语境。故填of course。
【55题详解】
句意:然后开搅拌机并等几分钟。根据文中“Then turn on the blender ”可知,前面加入的东西是在搅拌机中搅拌,根据语境和所给选项判断,这里是填wait a few minutes“等几分钟”,符合语境。故填wait a few minutes。
【连云港市新海实验中学2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、选词填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
从方框中选择恰当的词或短语,并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。
keep in touch; cut down; nature; go abroad; good; on one’s own; in order to; run out; move away; open up
61. My cousin Amy _________ for further education already. She will come back to China soon.
62. Nobody allows you _________ trees. Stop at once!
63. Now more and more people get used to _________ with each other and giving out “red packets” to celebrate festivals on WeChat.
64. To save the little boy, people _________ stones and bricks by hand.
65. —Which color do you like _________?
—Blue. It always makes me calm.
66. Few people notice that the energy on earth _________ some day. What can we do then?
67. _________ achieve your dream, you have to build up your confidence.
68. Reading _________ a whole new world to me. I know more from books.
69. Everyone should have the obligation of protecting our _________ environment.
70. —Mum, can you give me a helping hand?
—Do it ________. I believe you can!
【答案】
61. has gone abroad 62. to cut down 63. keeping in touch 64. moved away 65. best
66. will run out 67. In order to 68. opens up 69. natural 70. on your own
【解析】
【61题详解】
句意:我的表妹艾米已经出国深造了。她很快就会回到中国。根据“She will come back to China soon.”可知是去了国外还未回来,用现在完成时,其结构为have/has done;go abroad“出国”,主语“My cousin Amy”可知用助动词has,go的过去分词形式为gone。故填has gone abroad。
【62题详解】
句意:没人允许你砍树。马上停止!根据“trees”及备选词可知要用cut down表示“砍倒”,allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”,此处用动词不定式作宾补。故填to cut down。
【63题详解】
句意:现在越来越多的人习惯于在微信上互相联系、发红包来庆祝节日。根据“on WeChat”可知是通过微信联系,keep in touch“保持联系”,get used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”。故填keeping in touch。
【64题详解】
句意:为了救这个小男孩,人们用手移走石头和砖块。根据“To save the little boy”可知为了救人要移开石头和砖块,move away“移开”,这是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,move的过去式为moved。故填moved away。
【65题详解】
句意:——你更喜欢哪种颜色?——蓝色。它总是让我冷静下来。根据“Which color do you like ...?”可知颜色有很多种,应是问最喜欢哪种,用good的副词形式well的最高级best表示“最”。故填best。
【66题详解】
句意:很少有人注意到地球上的能源总有一天会耗尽。那么我们能做什么呢?根据“the energy on earth”可知推出是讲地球上的能源会耗尽,run out“用完,耗尽”,结合“some day”可知用一般将来时,其结构为will do。故填will run out。
【67题详解】
句意:为了实现你的梦想,你必须建立你的信心。根据“you have to build up your confidence”可知建立信心的目的是实现梦想,in order to do sth.“为了做某事”,表目的,句子开头首字母大写。故填In order to。
【68题详解】
句意:阅读为我打开了一个全新的世界。我从书中知道更多。根据“a whole new world to me”可知是阅读为“我”打开了新世界,open up“打开”,根据“know”可知用一般现在时,主语“Reading”后用动词第三人称单数形式opens。故填opens up。
【69题详解】
句意:每个人都有义务保护我们的自然环境。根据“protecting our ... environment”可推出是保护自然环境,用nature的形容词natural表示“自然的”,作定语修饰名词environment。故填natural。
【70题详解】
句意:——妈妈,你能帮我一把吗?——自己做吧。我相信你可以的!根据“I believe you can!”可知妈妈鼓励孩子自己作,on one’s own“靠某人自己”,此处用your代替one’s。故填on your own。
根据所给汉语和句子意思,用英语补全句子。
71. Sandy, queue for your turn, please. ______________(插队)others is rude.
【答案】Pushing in before
【解析】句意:桑迪,请排队等候轮到你。在别人前面插队是粗鲁的。“插队”push in,再由“others”可知是在别人前面插队,用介词before。此处用动名词作主语。故填Pushing in before。
72. Every child ________ (生来就有) different characteristics.
【答案】is born with
【解析】句意:每个孩子天生具有不同的特点。“生来就有”be born with,句子描述客观情况,用一般现在时,主语是“Every child”,be动词用is。故填is born with。
73. My parents ________ (结婚) for about fifty years. They support each other all the time.
【答案】have been married
【解析】句意:我父母结婚大约50年了。他们一直互相支持。“结婚”marry,根据“for about fifty years”可知要用现在完成时,其结构为have/has done,主语是复数,助动词用have;与时间段连用,用marry的延续性动词be married。故填have been married。
74. UNICEF helps build a better world for everyone. It ________(建立)in Europe in 1946.
【答案】was set up
【解析】句意:联合国儿童基金会帮助每个人建立一个更美好的世界。它于 1946 年在欧洲成立。set up“建立”,主语“it”和谓语“set up”之间是被动关系,根据“in 1946”可知句子应使用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done,主语是“it”,be动词用was。故填was set up。
75. —What can we do ________(阻止……的扩散)COVID-19?
—Wear masks and wash your hands often.
【答案】to prevent the spread of
【解析】句意:——我们可以做些什么来防止新冠病毒的传播?——戴口罩并经常洗手。阻止:prevent;……的扩散:the spread of...。分析句子可知,此处表示目的,作目的状语用动词不定式to prevent。故填to prevent the spread of。
【南京市建邺区2022年中考英语一模试题】
A)请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确。
41. There are many _________ (免费的) and wonderful places of interest to visit in Jianye District.
【答案】free
【解析】句意:建邺区有很多可以免费参观的绝妙的名胜古迹。根据句意和中文提示可知,“免费的”英文表达为“free”,形容词作定语。故填free。
42. With a long history, Mochou Lake is well worth visiting for any _________ (年龄).
【答案】age
【解析】句意:莫愁湖历史悠久,任何年龄的人都值得一游。age“年龄”,是名词,有any修饰,用单数名词,故填age。
43. If you want to enjoy the natural beauty, like the orange sunset, you won’t want to _________ (错过) Jiangxinzhou Island.
【答案】miss
【解析】句意:如果你想欣赏自然美景,比如橙色的日落,你不会想错过江心洲岛。miss“错过”,是动词,want to do sth“想要做某事”,故填miss。
44. Ecological Island is so amazing that walking _________ (穿过) the forests there is quite comfortable.
【答案】through
【解析】句意:生存岛真是太神奇了,走在森林里是相当舒服的。根据汉语提示及the forests可知,“穿过森林”要用介词through,表示“穿过狭窄或密闭的空间”。故填through。
45. There are many wonderful scenes in our district, so you can take fantastic photos _________ (容易地) during your trip. We are looking forward to your visit.
【答案】easily
【解析】句意:我们这个地区有很多美丽的风景,所以你可以在旅途中轻松地拍摄极好的照片。我们期待你的到来。easily“容易地,轻松地”,是副词,修饰动宾短语take fantastic photos,故填easily。
B) 请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
46. “If faith has a color, it must _________ (be) China red!” The Chinese Football Association(中国足球协会)said as the Chinese women’s national football team won the Asian Cup.
【答案】be
【解析】句意:当中国女足夺得亚洲杯冠军时,中国足协说:“如果信念有颜色,那一定是中国红!” “must”为情态动词,后接动词原形;must be“一定是……”。故填be。
47. During the game, the coach Shui Qingxia kept encouraging her team _________ (have) more confidence.
【答案】to have
【解析】句意:在比赛中,教练水庆霞不断鼓励她的球队要有更多的信心。根据“encouraging her team”可知,encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”,不定式作宾补,故填to have。
48. Though being two goals behind South Korea in the first half, the Chinese women’s national football team played even _________ (hard).
【答案】harder
【解析】句意:虽然上半场落后韩国两球,中国女子足球队打得更加努力了。even意为“甚至”,有“比之前更……”的含义,因此应用副词hard的比较级harder。故填harder。
49. Our team scored three in the second half, winning the Asian Cup for the _________ (nine) time.
【答案】ninth
【解析】句意:我们队在下半场进了三球,第九次赢得了亚洲杯。nine“九”,是基数词,有定冠词the修饰,表示第九次,用序数词,故填ninth。
50. Finally, all the members in the team, also called “steel roses” became the _________ (proud) of China.
【答案】pride
【解析】句意:最后,团队中的所有成员,也被称为“钢铁玫瑰”,成为了中国的骄傲。定冠词the后用名词,proud骄傲的,形容词,proud的名词形式是pride“骄傲”。故填pride。
C) 请根据对话内容,从下列方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空,使对话内容完整正确。
each In this way national is made of couldn’t wait to
A: Do you know what the most popular Winter Olympics design is among kids and teenagers?
B: Of course. It certainly is the mascot Bing Dwen Dwen. I ____51____ hug and take photos with it at my first sight.
A: Me too. Firstly, Bing Dwen Dwen is a panda which is China’s ____52____ treasure.
B: I agree. ____53____, we don’t need to explain anything to have it understood across different cultures.
A: What’s more, Bing Dwen Dwen wears a full-body shell which ____54____ ice and also looks like an astronaut in a space suit.
B: That is wonderful because it joins winter sports and modern technology together.
A: Moreover, there is a heart on ____55____ hand of Bing Dwen Dwen, showing kindness and love.
B: No wonder it has become one of the most popular Winter Olympics mascots in history.
【答案】
51. couldn’t wait to 52. national 53. In this way 54. is made of 55. each
【解析】本文是A和B两个人的对话。内容是关于对冬奥会吉祥物冰墩墩的谈论。
【51题详解】
根据“Of course. It certainly is the mascot Bing Dwen Dwen.”可知说话者认为最受欢迎的冬奥会设计是冰墩墩,所以此句应是表达说话者对冰墩墩的喜爱,couldn’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待地做某事”。故填couldn’t wait to。
【52题详解】
根据“which is China’s...treasure”可知此处应填一个形容词作后面名词的定语,结合句意和备选词汇可知“national民族的”符合语境。故填national。
【53题详解】
根据“we don’t need to explain anything to have it understood across different cultures”可知此处需要填一个状语,in this way“以这种方式”符合语境,故填In this way。
【54题详解】
根据“Bing Dwen Dwen wears a full-body shell which...ice and also looks like an astronaut in a space suit”可知此处应填定语从句的谓语动词,结合备选词汇,is made of“由……制成”符合语境。故填is made of。
【55题详解】
根据“there is a heart on...hand”可知此处应填一个形容词,结合备选词汇,each“每一”符合语境。故填each。
【南京市联合体2022年中考英语一模试题】
四、填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确。
41. When frogs are not in water, their bodies can take in __________ (空气) through their skin.
【答案】air
【解析】句意:当青蛙不在水中时,它们的身体可以通过皮肤吸入空气。空气:air,不可数名词,故用名词原形。故填air。
42. Alice is a clever girl. She is always ________(有能力的)to come up with good ideas.
【答案】able
【解析】句意:Alice是个聪明的女孩。她总是能够想出好的想法。be able to do sth表示“能够做某事”。故填able。
43. I think my parents should __________ (允许) me to decide for myself.
【答案】allow
【解析】句意:我想我父母应该允许我自己做决定。allow“允许”,情态动词should后加动词原形,故填allow。
44. Although you are young, you can ____(仍然)make the world more beautiful in your own way.
【答案】still
【解析】句意:虽然你年轻,但你仍然可以用你自己的方式让这个世界变得更美丽。根据中文提示可知,可用still表示“仍然”,此处是作为副词修饰动词make。故填still。
45. —Why not __________ (考虑) buying some flowers for your mother on her birthday?
—Good idea.
【答案】consider
【解析】句意:——为什么不考虑在你妈妈生日的时候给她买些花呢?——好主意。consider“考虑”,why not do sth“为什么不做某事”,故填consider。
根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
46. —Who do you admire most, Jack?
—Dr. Zhong Nanshan. He’s already in his __________ (eighty), but he still devotes himself to treating patients.
【答案】eighties
【解析】句意:——你最钦佩谁,杰克?——钟南山医生。他已经八十多岁了,但是但他仍然致力于治疗病人。由语境可知此处表示“八十多岁”,可用结构:in one’s eighties。故填eighties。
47. With the teacher’s help Sandy solved the problem __________ (success).
【答案】successfully
【解析】句意:在老师的帮助下,桑迪成功地解决了问题。此处在句中修饰动词,表示“成功地”解决了问题,用副词形式,故填successfully。
48. Jim, please __________ (knock) at the door before coming into my room.
【答案】knock
【解析】句意:吉姆,进我房间前请敲门。此处是祈使句,使用动词原形,故填knock。
49. If you are __________ (certain) of your spelling, you can look up in a dictionary.
【答案】uncertain
【解析】句意:如果你对拼写不确定,你可以查字典。根据“If you are...of your spelling, you can look up in a dictionary.”可知,不确定拼写,可以查字典,uncertain“不确定的”,在句中作表语,故填uncertain。
50. Blue skies, green grasslands and __________ (snow) mountains are all our treasures.
【答案】snowy
【解析】句意:蓝天、绿草、雪山,都是我们的瑰宝。此处修饰名词mountain用形容词snowy“被雪覆盖的”作定语。故填snowy。
根据短文内容,从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空,使对话内容完整正确。
well-known later meaning send messages different colours
A Chinese knot is a knot that is woven (编织) from a single rope to be different shapes. Each shape has its own _____51_____. Now you can see it as a decoration or a gift for friends. People can use ropes of _____52_____ to weave a Chinese knot, but they usually choose red because it means good luck.
The Chinese knot has a long history. At first, people might have made them to record information and _____53_____ before they started to use words. It is _____54_____ that the knots were used for decoration and to express thoughts and feelings in the Tang Dynasty. They were _____55_____ popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. But it was not until the Qing Dynasty that this art became really accepted by the common people.
【答案】
51. meaning 52. different colours 53. send messages 54. well-known 55. later
【解析】本文主要讲述了中国结以及它的发展历史。
【51题详解】
句意:每个形状都有自己的含义。根据“Each shape has its own”以及所给词可知,此处需要填入一个名词单数形式,meaning“意义”符合语境。故填meaning。
【52题详解】
句意:人们可以用不同颜色的绳子编织中国结。根据“but they usually choose red”以及所给词可知是用不同颜色的绳子,但是通常会选择红色,different colours“不同的颜色”符合语境。故填different colours。
【53题详解】
句意:起初,人们可能已经制作它们在开始使用文字之前记录信息和发送信息。根据“made them to record information and”以及所给词可知,此处在说明中国结的作用,send messages“发送信息”符合语境,“record information”和“send messages”是并列关系,故此处用动词原形。故填send messages。
【54题详解】
句意:众所周知,结在唐代是用来装饰和表达思想感情的。根据“It is...that the knots were used for decoration”以及所给词可知,此处是结构:It is well-known that...,意为“众所周知……”。故填well-known。
【55题详解】
句意:后来它们流行于明清两代。根据“...in the Tang Dynasty...popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties”以及所给词可知,在唐代用来装饰,之后在明清两代流行,副词later“之后”符合语境。故填later。
【南通海安市、启东市2022年中考英语一模试题】
四、词汇(本题共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
A.请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意,写出句中所缺单词,使句子通顺.
47. When the tourists found the beautiful sights in the underground cave, they opened their eyes ________ (充分地) and couldn’t help taking photos.
【答案】wide
【解析】句意:当游客们发现地下洞穴里的美景时,他们睁大了眼睛,忍不住拍了些照片。根据汉语提示可知,此处使用副词wide,修饰谓语动词opened。故填wide。
48. The terrible noise sounded like bombs. It made people ________ (give a loud cry) in fear.
【答案】scream##shout
【解析】句意:那可怕的声音听起来像炸弹。它使人们恐惧地尖叫。根据英语提示“give a loud cry”大声喊叫,可用单词:scream v.. “(因伤痛、害怕、激动等)尖叫”或者shout v. “大声说;喊叫”,再结合make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”,故填scream/shout。
49. — What do you think of the volunteers?
— Heroes indeed. They can even go on working for 12 hours with ________ (without having eaten anything) stomachs.
【答案】empty
【解析】句意:——你觉得志愿者怎么样?——英雄。他们甚至可以空腹工作12个小时。根据英语提示“without having eaten anything”没有吃任何东西,可知应该是空腹“empty stomachs”,故填empty。
B.请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其适当形式填空,使句子通顺。
close know serve forty proper
51. Though smart phones make communication easier, we should use them ________.
54. —January 10, 2021 was the first Chinese People’s Police Day.
—That’s great. It’s the police who always bravely face the ________ danger at any time.
55. To draw traditional culture much ________ to the public, the Palace Museum was open at night for the first time at the Lantern Festival last year.
【答案】
51. properly 52. service 53. forties 54. unknown 55. closer
【解析】
【51题详解】
句意:虽然智能手机使沟通更容易,但我们应该正确地使用它们。Though表示前后句意有转折,空处修饰动词use,应用副词,结合备选词,用proper对应的副词properly“正确地”符合语境,表示“正确使用手机”。故填properly。
【54题详解】
句意:——2021年1月10日是第一个中国人民警察日。——太好了。是警察在任何时候都能勇敢地面对未知的危险。空处缺少形容词作定语修饰名词danger,结合常识可知,警察面对的是未知的危险,应用know对应形容词known的反义词unknown表示“未知的”。故填unknown。
【55题详解】
句意:为了让传统文化更贴近公众,在去年元宵节时,故宫博物院首次在夜间开放。根据“the Palace Museum was open at night for the first time at the Lantern Festival last year”结合备选词可知,在元宵节夜间开放故宫博物馆应是为了使公众近距离接触传统文化,close符合语境,much后跟比较级。故填closer。
【南通市通州区2022年中考英语一模试题】
四、词汇(本题共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
A.请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意,写出句中所缺单词,使句子通顺。
46. April 20 is United Nations Chinese Language Day and people in different countries celebrate the Chinese language. They think Chinese is a ________ (桥梁) that connects people all over the world.
【答案】bridge
【解析】句意:4月20日是联合国汉语日,不同国家的人们庆祝汉语。他们认为汉语是连接全世界人民的桥梁。根据“that connects people all over the world.”可知,汉语是连接全世界人民的桥梁。bridge“桥梁”,是名词,a加名词单数,故填bridge。
47. —What a big success our Beijing Winter Olympics is!
—Indeed. The theme song Together For a Shared Future is heard ________ (广泛地) the world.
【答案】widely
【解析】句意:——我们的北京冬奥会是多么大的成功呀!——的确。主题歌曲《一起向未来》在全世界被广泛地聆听。由句意和汉语提示可知本题考查单词widely“广泛地”,此处用副词,修饰前面的动词listen“听”。故填widely。
48. In order to protect the Earth, we have no choice but to ________ (try hard to stop or take part in a war) against all kinds of pollution.
【答案】fight
【解析】句意:为了保护地球,我们除了与各种污染作斗争别无选择。根据英文释义“try hard to stop or take part in a war”可知,此处表示的是fight“斗争”。have no choice but to do“除了……别无选择”,此处的but为介词,后面跟动词不定式作宾语。故填fight。
49. —Are you aware of why we should recycle e-waste?
—E-waste has many ________ (very useful or important) things in it, such as gold, silver and copper.
【答案】valuable
【解析】句意:——你知道我们为什么要回收电子垃圾吗?——电子垃圾中有很多有价值的东西,比如金、银和铜。根据英文解释可知,空处应是valuable“有价值的”,形容词。故填valuable。
50. —Yuzuru Hanyu is always praised as a prince on ice.
—In fact, nobody was born good at all things ________ enough practice.
【答案】without
【解析】句意:——羽生结弦一直被誉为冰上王子。——事实上,如果没有足够的练习,没有人天生擅长所有的事情。根据“nobody was born good at all things...enough practice.”可知没有足够的练习不能擅长所有事情,表示“没有”用介词without。故填without。
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其适当形式填空,使句子通顺。
different it easy include hundred
51. On April 9, the International Space Station welcomed the first all-private team of astronauts, ________ an NASA astronaut and three passengers who bought their own tickets.
52. Though we humans have many ________ in skin color and language, we should have equal rights and respect.
53. —What are you busy with?
—We are preparing to welcome the one _________ birthday of the Chinese Communist Youth league.
54. The Silk Road got _________ name because Chinese Silk used to be carried along this road.
55. —The article says red can represent power and strong feeling.
—I agree. Wearing red can make it much _________ for me to take action.
【答案】
51. including 52. differences 53. hundredth 54. its 55. easier
【解析】
【51题详解】
句意:4月9日,国际空间站迎来了第一支全私人宇航员团队,其中包括一名NASA宇航员和三名自己购买机票的乘客。根据“an NASA astronaut and three passengers who bought their own tickets”以及所给词可知是这支团队包括一名宇航员和乘客,句中已有谓语动词,故此处用介词including“包括”。故填including。
【52题详解】
句意:尽管我们人类在肤色和语言上存在许多差异,但我们应该享有平等的权利和尊重。根据“in skin color and language, we should have equal rights and respect”以及所给词可知此处指皮肤颜色和语言有差异,many后加可数名词复数differences“不同点”。故填differences。
【53题详解】
句意:——你在忙什么?——我们正准备迎接中国共青团一百岁生日。根据“the one...birthday of the Chinese Communist Youth league”以及所给词可知是庆祝100岁生日,表示顺序用序数词hundredth“一百的”。故填hundredth。
【54题详解】
句意:丝绸之路因沿途运送中国丝绸而得名。根据“The Silk Road got...name”以及所给词可知此处指“它的名字”,修饰名词“name”用形容词性物主代词its“它的”。故填its。
【55题详解】
句意:——文章说红色可以代表力量和强烈的感觉。——我同意。穿红色可以让我更容易采取行动。根据“red can represent power and strong feeling”以及“Wearing red can make it much...for me to take action”并结合所给词可知红色代表力量和强烈的感觉,会更容易让人采取行动,much后加比较级easier“更容易”。故填easier。
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词,并用其适当时态填空,使句子通顺。
row mark pay complete matter
56. Simon _________ little attention to those who laughed at him after Mr. Wu had a chat with him.
57. As we all know, food _________ most to people. Our government is always trying to protect our farmland.
58. —Why didn’t you answer my phone?
—Sorry. I as well as my friends, __________ boats in the park then and my phone was left in the car.
59. The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month and it _________ the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.
60. —Helen, can you go to the theatre with me tomorrow?
—With pleasure. I _________ my task and I can have one day off.
【答案】
56. paid 57. matters 58. was rowing 59. marks 60. have completed
【解析】
【56题详解】
句意:在吴先生和西蒙聊天后,他很少注意那些嘲笑他的人。pay attention to“注意”,固定短语,根据“…little attention to”可知pay符合语境,由从句“after Mr. Wu had a chat with him.”可知主句时态为一般过去时,pay的过去式是paid,故填paid。
【57题详解】
句意:众所周知,食物对人最重要。我们的政府一直在努力保护我们的农田。根据常识和“Our government is always trying to protect our farmland.”可知matter “事关紧要,要紧”符合语境,食物对人们来说最重要,表达的是事实,时态为一般现在时,主语food是不可数名词,谓语动词用三单matters。故填matters。
【58题详解】
句意:——你为什么不接我的电话?——对不起。我和我的朋友当时在公园划船,我的手机落在车里了。根据“boats in the park”可知是划船,row boats“划船”,固定短语。由“Why didn’t you answer my phone?”和句中“then”可知此句时态为过去进行时(其构成was/were doing sth.),as well as连接两个并列的成分作主语时,遵循“就远原则”,主语I是第一人称,be动词用was,故填was rowing。
【59题详解】
句意:元宵节在农历正月十五,它标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。根据常识和“it …the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.”可知mark“标志”符合语境,元宵节标志着春节庆祝活动的结束,此句表达是事实,时态为一般现在时,主语it第三人称单数,谓语动词应用三单形式marks,故填marks。
【60题详解】
句意:——海伦,明天你能和我一起去看戏吗?——非常乐意。我已经完成了任务,可以休息一天了。根据“I…my task and I can have one day off.”可知complete“完成”符合语境,完成任务。由“I can have one day off”可知此句用现在完成时,其构成是have/has done sth.,主语I第一人称,用have,故填have completed。
【苏州高新区实验初级中学2022年中考英语一模试题】
六、词汇检测(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分)
根据下列句子所给的汉语注释首字母,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式,每空限 填一词。
39. One of the ________ (目的) of the talk is to teach you how to separate the rubbish into different groups.
【答案】goals##purposes##aims
【解析】句意:这次演讲的目的之一是教你们如何把垃圾分成不同的组。goal/purpose/aim“目的”,用于“one of+名词复数”结构中,故填goals/purposes/aims。
40. Thanks for your _________ (建议), which are very useful to me.
【答案】suggestions
【解析】句意:谢谢你的建议,这对我很有用。根据“are”可知,此处应使用名词复数形式,suggestions“建议”符合语境,故填suggestions。
41. Watching the raising of the national flag, we couldn’t be ________ (自豪) of our country.
【答案】proud
【解析】句意:看着国旗升起,我们不能为我们的国家感到骄傲。proud“自豪”,在句中作表语,be proud of“为……感到自豪”,故填proud。
42. Bill makes a living by ________ (设计) computer programmes for companies.
【答案】designing
【解析】句意:比尔靠为公司设计计算机程序谋生。design“设计”,by是介词,其后加动名词作宾语,故填designing。
43. Our concert proved a big success far b________ our expectations.
【答案】(b)eyond
【解析】句意:我们的演唱会取得了巨大的成功,远远超出了我们的预期。根据“Our concert proved a big success far b...our expectations.”可知,音乐会的成功超出了我们的预期,beyond“超过”符合语境,故填(b)eyond。
44. Don’t go with the flow. Being y________ is the best policy, boy.
【答案】(y)ourself
【解析】句意:不要随大流。做你自己是最好的策略,孩子。根据“Being y...is the best policy, boy.”可知,建议男孩做自己,用反身代词yourself,故填(y)ourself。
45. It’s amazing that the singer hasn’t changed at all—he just looks e________ the same.
【答案】(e)xactly
【解析】句意:令人惊讶的是,这位歌手一点都没变——他看起来和以前一模一样。根据“It’s amazing that the singer hasn’t changed at all—he just looks e...the same.”可知,这位歌手看起来和以前一模一样,exactly“完全”符合语境,故填(e)xactly。
46. Plastic is h________ to the environment, so don’t throw it everywhere.
【答案】(h)armful
【解析】句意:塑料对环境有害,所以不要到处乱扔。根据“Plastic is...to the environment”及首字母提示可知,此处指的是be harmful to“对……有害”,用harmful“有害的”,故填(h)armful。
47. With the popularity of e-books, it’s hard for some bookshops to s________.
【答案】(s)urvive
【解析】句意:随着电子书的普及,一些书店很难生存。根据“With the popularity of e-books, it’s hard for some bookshops to s...”可知,电子书的普及使一些书店很难生存,survive“生存”符合语境,用于动词不定式结构中,故填(s)urvive。
【苏州市高新区2022年中考英语一模试题】
第五部分 词汇检测 (共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分)
根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母,在答题卡标有题号的横线上,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
38. —Do you know who the boy over there is?
—No, but I’ve seen him ________ (某地) before.
【答案】somewhere
【解析】句意:——你知道那边那个男孩是谁吗? ——不知道,但我以前在哪儿见过他。根据“but I’ve seen him…(某地) before”可知,此空缺的成分是副词。“某地”somewhere,是地点副词。故填somewhere。
39. As a ________ (欧洲) country, Britain has a totally different culture from ours.
【答案】European
【解析】句意:作为一个欧洲国家,英国有着和我们截然不同的文化。句中“country”是名词,此处使用形容词对其进行修饰;Europe“欧洲”,名词,其形容词形式为European,意为“欧洲的”,a European country“一个欧洲国家”。故填European。
40. The company has ________ (发展) fast and created more popular products.
【答案】developed
【解析】句意:公司发展迅速,创造了更多受欢迎的产品。根据中文提示,可知单词为:develop v.“发展”。观察句子,这里时态为现在完成时(have/has done),可知这里用develop的过去分词,故填developed。
41. Timmy’s mum was angry about those few ________ (污点) her son left on the floor.
【答案】marks
【解析】句意:蒂米的妈妈对儿子在地板上留下的那几个污渍很生气。“污点”mark,可数名词,few后跟名词复数形式。故填marks。
42. The young couple were ________ (考虑) choosing a lager house because of the new baby.
【答案】considering
【解析】句意:由于刚生了小孩,这对年轻夫妇正考虑选择一套更大的房子。根据中文提示,空白处应填入表示“考虑”的英文单词,即consider。根据语境判断,本句时态为过去进行时,动词consider需要变为现在分词形式。故填considering。
43. The house has been in perfect c________ since it was built in 1990.
【答案】(c)ondition
【解析】句意:这所房子自1990年建造以来一直状况良好。根据“The house has been in perfect”及首字母可知,此处指房子处于良好的状况,condition“状况”,in perfect condition“处于良好状况”,故填(c)ondition。
44. After the long-term preparation, Sam is highly e________ to win the match.
【答案】(e)xpected
【解析】句意:经过长期的准备,萨姆有望赢得这场比赛。根据“After the long-term preparation”以及首字母提示可知,此处指有望赢得比赛,为一般现在时的被动语态,动词用过去分词形式,be expected to do sth“被期待做某事”。故填(e)xpected。
45. Here are 58 workers in total, not i________ those who are absent today.
【答案】(i)ncluding
【解析】句意:这里总共有58个工人,不包括今天缺席的那些人。根据“Here are 58 workers in total...those who are absent today”并结合首字母可知,此处使用including“包括”,介词,表示“不包括的缺席的人一共有58人”。故填(i)ncluding。
46. —It is raining heavily these days.
—You can see the water level has r________ a lot.
【答案】(r)isen
【解析】句意:——这几天雨下得很大。 ——你可以看到水位上升了很多。根据“It is raining heavily these days.”可知,雨下得很大,导致的结果应是水位的上升。根据“You can see the water level has r…a lot.”可知,本句的时态是现在完成时,其谓语结构是has+done。rise“上升”,是动词,其过去分词是risen。故填(r)isen。
47. His explanation did not make things any c________, so I had to search the Internet myself.
【答案】(c)learer
【解析】句意:他的解释并没有让事情变得更清楚,所以我不得不自己上网搜索。根据“so I had to search the Internet myself.”和首字母c,可知,我不得不上网搜索,因此他的解释不是让事情很清楚,clear“清楚的”,是形容词,make sth+形容词,表示“使某物……”,形容词作宾语补足语,any修饰形容词比较级,故填(c)learer。
【苏州市平江中学2022年中考英语一模试题】
第五部分 词汇检测(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
38. Whether we need more food ________ (取决于) on how many people will turn up.
【答案】depends
【解析】句意:我们是否需要更多的食物取决于有多少人会来。depend on“取决于”,how many引导的是宾语从句,从句用的是一般将来时,根据“主现从不限”可知,主句用一般现在时,“Whether we need more food”看作单数,动词用三单,故填depends。
39. With its rapid development, Suzhou has become one of the ______ (活泼的) cities in China.
【答案】liveliest
【解析】句意:随着它的快速发展,苏州已成为中国最具活力的城市之一。根据汉语提示可知,此空指lively“活泼的”,one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数,此处使用lively的最高级liveliest。故填liveliest。
40. Be careful ______ (每当) a company says its product is “the most popular”.
【答案】whenever
【解析】句意:每当一家公司说它的产品是“最受欢迎的”时,要小心。whenever“每当”,引导时间状语从句,故填whenever。
41. When Armstrong was 16, he received his student ______ (飞行员) license.
【答案】pilot’s
【解析】句意:当阿姆斯特朗16岁时,他获得了学生飞行员执照。pilot“飞行员”,此处作定语修饰license,用名词所有格形式,故填pilot’s。
42. We believe we will build better business relationship with other countries ______ (凭借) our perfect products.
【答案】through
【解析】句意:我们相信,凭借我们完美的产品,我们将与其他国家建立更好的业务关系。根据汉语提示可知,through“凭借”,为介词,故填through。
43. Chinese researchers have found that the South China Sea level has r_____ by 150mm since 1900.
【答案】(r)isen
【解析】句意:中国研究人员发现,自1900年以来,南海海平面上升了150毫米。根据“Chinese researchers have found that the South China Sea level has r…by 150mm since 1900.”可知,此处指南海海平面上升了150毫米,rise“上升”,has为现在完成时的助动词,其后用过去分词。故填(r)isen。
44. Their new manager, Bob Melvin, is a h_____ respected, experienced leader who can bring that clubhouse together.
【答案】(h)ighly
【解析】句意:他们的新经理Bob Melvin是一位备受尊敬、经验丰富的领导,他能够将俱乐部组织起来。根据“Their new manager, Bob Melvin, is a h…respected, experienced leader who can bring that clubhouse together.”可知,此处指备受尊敬,highly“非常,很”,为副词,修饰过去分词respected。故填(h)ighly。
45. Pay the l_____ to win the greatest results, which is the complete victory.
【答案】(l)east
【解析】句意:付出最少的换来最大的成绩,这就是彻底的胜利。此前有the修饰,用副词最高级,根据“Pay the l...to win the greatest results, which is the complete victory.”可知,此处表示“付出最少”,least“最少”符合语境,故填(l)east。
46. Some people mistakenly believe that work isn’t w_____ doing unless you get something in return.
【答案】(w)orth
【解析】句意:有些人错误地认为工作不值得做,除非你能得到回报。根据“Some people mistakenly believe that work isn’t w…doing unless you get something in return.”可知,此处表示不值得做,be worth doing“值得做”,故填(w)orth。
47. The mascot of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games, “bingdundun” is d_____ and created based on the panda.
【答案】(d)esigned
【解析】句意:北京冬奥会吉祥物“冰墩墩”是根据熊猫设计和制作的。根据“‘bingdundun’ is d…and created based on the panda”可知,此处指“冰墩墩”是根据熊猫设计和制作的,design“设计”,空前为be动词is,使用过去分词表被动的含义,故填(d)esigned。
【苏州市苏州工业园区星海实验中学2022年中考英语一模试题】
第六部分词汇检测(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分)
根据下列句子所给汉语注释或通过上下文, 在答题卡标有题号的横线上, 写出空缺处各 单词的正确形式。每空只写一词。
36. She is a popular writer, although ________ (个人) I find her books quite boring.
【答案】personally
【解析】句意:她是一个很受欢迎的作家,尽管我个人觉得她的书很无聊。personally“个人”,在句中作状语,故填personally。
37. Her idea is so creative that it is well worth ________ (考虑).
【答案】considering
【解析】句意:她的想法如此有创意,以致于很值得考虑。consider“考虑”,动词。固定短语be worth doing sth“值得做某事”,故填considering。
38. What ________ (建议) did the writer offer to the parents? What do you think of them?
【答案】suggestions
【解析】句意:作者对家长有什么建议?你觉得它们怎么样?suggestion“建议”,可数名词;由下文“think of them”可知用其复数形式,故填suggestions。
39. It is ________ (设想) that the case happened last Friday night.
【答案】supposed
【解析】句意:据推测,这件事发生在上周五晚上。suppose“认为,设想”,动词,固定短语It is supposed that...“据推测”,故填supposed。
40. The knife belongs to the ________ (凶手)according to the police’s report.
【答案】murderer
【解析】句意:根据警察的报告,那把刀是凶手的。定冠词the后接名词,结合语境,此处凶手应是一人,因此应用名词单数。“凶手”是名词murderer。故填murderer。
41. He is one of the ________ (空前的) greatest Chinese singers and actors.
【答案】all-time
【解析】句意:他是中国历史上最伟大的歌手和演员之一。all-time“空前的”,形容词作定语,用于比较或表示好坏程度。故填all-time。
42. Did the accident in Pakistan happen by chance or by ________?
【答案】design
【解析】句意:巴基斯坦的事故是偶然发生的还是有意造成的?根据“by chance or by…”可知,空处与by chance“偶然地”构成选择关系,表示“故意地”,用by design。故填design。
43. —Tom does a better job than others.
—Yes. It is because he always works to high __________.
【答案】standards
【解析】句意:——汤姆做得比别人好。——对。那是因为他总是高标准地工作。根据“Tom does a better job than others.”可知,此处表示“高标准地工作”,work to high standards固定短语,故填standards。
44. —Are you going to the USA for your summer vocation?
—I haven’t made a _________ yet. It’s really hard for my family to reach an agreement.
【答案】decision
【解析】句意:——你打算去美国过暑假吗?——我还没有做决定。我的家人真的很难达成一致。根据“It’s really hard for my family to reach an agreement.”可知,还没做决定,decision“决定”,a后用名词单数。故填decision。
45. Her experience meant a big a________ over other competitors in the job interview.
【答案】(a)dvantage
【解析】句意:她的经验意味着在求职面试中比其他竞争者有很大的优势。a后接可数名词单数,根据“...over other competitors in the job interview.”可知在面试中超出竞争者的应该是自身优势。advantage表示“优势”。故填(a)dvantage。
【苏州市西附、星汇学校2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、词汇检测(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10分)
根据下列句子所给的汉语注释和首字母,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式,每空只写一词。
38. This ancient city has its special beauty in different ________ (季节).
【答案】seasons
【解析】句意:这座古城在不同的季节都有其独特的美。different后加名词复数seasons“季节”。故填seasons。
39. Though the scientist is in his ________ (九十), he is still in good health.
【答案】nineties
【解析】句意:虽然这位科学家已经九十岁了,但他的身体仍然很好。表示某人几十多岁这样的约略年龄,用“in one’s+逢十的基数词的复数”来表达。ninety“九十”,in his nineties“在他九十几岁时”,故填nineties。
40. Shenzhou 13 spacecraft has been back and it succeeded in ________ (着陆) in Inner Mongolia on April 16.
【答案】landing
【解析】句意:神舟13号飞船已经返回,并于4月16日在内蒙古成功着陆。land“着陆”,succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”,故填landing。
41. The ________ (艰难的) things get, the greater the need grows to stay confident.
【答案】harder##more difficult
【解析】句意:事情变得越难,保持自信的需求就越大。此处是结构“the+比较级,the+比较级”,表示“越……就越”,此处用形容词的比较级作get的表语。hard“难的”的比较级为harder,difficult“难的”的比较级为more difficult。故填harder/more difficult。
42. Pay no attention to those who look down upon you. What ________ (要紧) most is how you see yourself.
【答案】matters
【解析】句意:不要理睬那些看不起你的人。最重要的是你如何看待自己。matter“要紧”,句子是一般现在时,what作主语,谓语用三单,故填matters。
43. U________ necessary, we are advised to stay at our homes during this special period.
【答案】(U)nless
【解析】句意:除非有必要,我们建议在这个特殊时期待在家里。根据“U...necessary, we are advised to stay at our homes during this special period.”可知,除非有必要,否则最好待在家里,unless“除非”符合语境,故填(U)nless。
44. I’ve read the whole book from b________ to end, but I still can’t understand it.
【答案】(b)eginning
【解析】句意:我把整本书都读完了,但还是看不懂。根据“I’ve read the whole book from b...to end, but I still can’t understand it.”可知,把书从头到尾看完了,beginning“开端”符合语境,故填(b)eginning。
45. I am impatient but my sister is just the o________. She is patient with everything.
【答案】(o)pposite
【解析】句意:我很不耐烦,但我妹妹正好相反。她对一切都很有耐心。根据“I am impatient”和“She is patient with everything.”可知,二人截然相反,opposite“相反”符合语境,故填(o)pposite。
46. To keep their children safe, parents don’t allow them to take part in any d________ activities.
【答案】(d)angerous
【解析】句意:为了保证孩子的安全,父母不允许他们参加任何危险的活动。根据“To keep their children safe”可知,为了保证安全,所以不参加危险的活动,dangerous“危险的”,作定语修饰activities。故填(d)angerous。
47. He spoke loudly and c________ so that all the people could hear every word he said.
【答案】(c)learly
【解析】句意:他说得又大声又清楚,以便所有的人都能听到他说的每一个字。根据“so that all the people could hear every word he said”可知要让每个人都听见,应该要说清楚,clearly“清楚地”,副词修饰动词。故填(c)learly。
【宿迁市泗洪县2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、根据句意及所给中文、首字母与英文解释,写出句中所缺单词,每空限填一词。(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
51. Look, it is our city’s ________(最新的)bus station.
【答案】latest
【解析】句意:看,它是我们城市最新的公交站。latest“最新的”,形容词作定语,故填latest。
52. Listen to the ________ (对话) and answer the questions.
【答案】dialogue
【解析】句意:听对话,回答问题。“对话”dialogue,可数名词;此处特指听某段对话,用单数。故填dialogue。
53. The pilot finally ________ (着陆,降落) the plane successfully on the runway yesterday.
【答案】landed
【解析】句意:昨天飞行员终于把飞机成功地降落在跑道上。“着陆,降落”译为land,根据“yesterday”可知用一般过去时,land的过去式是landed。故填landed。
54. Some soldiers climbed onto the roof and hung up a ________(旗帜).
【答案】flag
【解析】句意:一些士兵爬上屋顶,挂起了一面旗帜。flag“旗帜”,a修饰可数名词的单数形式,故填flag。
55. The magic diet is ________(广泛地)believed to protect against a number of cancers.
【答案】widely
【解析】句意:人们普遍认为这种神奇的饮食可以预防多种癌症。根据“believed”可知,需要一个副词修饰动词,结合中文提示,widely“广泛地,普遍地”符合句意。故填widely。
56. Mr. Smith is a successful businessman. He is a man of great w________.
【答案】(w)ealth
【解析】句意:史密斯先生是一位成功的商人。他是一个非常富有的人。根据“Mr. Smith is a successful businessman.”可知成功的商人应是很富有,of great后接名词wealth表示“财富,富有”。故填(w)ealth。
57. U________ you are trying your best, you won’t lose weight.
【答案】(U)nless
【解析】句意:除非你尽最大努力,否则你是不会减肥的。根据“you are trying your best”可知,此句是后一句的否定条件,结合首字母提示,unless符合句意。故填(U)nless。
58. Unfortunately, Stephen was m________ for an escaped prisoner by the police officers.
【答案】(m)istaken
【解析】句意:不幸的是,Stephen被警察误认为是逃犯。根据“an escaped prisoner by the police officers.”可知,Stephen被误认为是逃犯,此处是一般过去时态的被动语态,be mistaken for...“被误认为……”,故填(m)istaken。
59. The Great Wall is one of the ________ (something that fills you with surprise) of the world.
【答案】wonders
【解析】句意:长城是世界奇迹之一。根据英文释义“something that fills you with surprise”可知此处用wonder表示“奇迹,奇观”,one of后接其复数形式。故填wonders。
60. The result shows that it’s a good decision to ________ (become greater in number) sales.
【答案】increase
【解析】句意:结果表明,增加销售是一个很好的决定。根据英文释义“become greater in number”可知此处用increase表示“增长,增加”,to后接动词原形构成不定式。故填increase。
【宿迁市泗阳县2022年中考英语一模试题】
四、根据句意及所给中文、首字母与英文解释,写出句中所缺单词,每空限填一词。(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
51. In the final of the women’s Asian Cup, China’s women’s football team ________ (赢得) the championship on February 6th, 2022.
【答案】won
【解析】句意:在2022年2月6日的女子亚洲杯决赛中,中国女子足球队赢得了冠军。“赢得”win,根据“on February 6th, 2022”可知用一般过去时,win的过去式为won。故填won。
52. To Mr Wang, teaching is a ________ (累人的) but happy thing.
【答案】tiring
【解析】句意:对王老师来说,教学是一件累人但是幸福的事。此空为形容词作定语修饰名词,tiring表示“累人的”,修饰物。故填tiring。
53. Tree-planting Day is on the t________ of March. The government always encourages people to plant more trees.
【答案】(t)welfth
【解析】句意:植树节在三月十二日。政府总是鼓励人们种植更多的树。根据生活常识可知,植树节在三月十二日,结合“the”,此处需要序数词,twelfth“第十二”,故填(t)welfth。
54. Students must show their health QR codes and check their temperature before they go into ________ (图书馆).
【答案】libraries
【解析】句意:学生进入图书馆前必须出示健康二维码并检查体温。根据中文提示可知,library“图书馆”,可数名词,此处用其复数形式libraries,故填libraries。
55. After the COVID-19 event, a great number of parents no longer consider sending their children to ________ (外国的) countries for their further studies.
【答案】foreign
【解析】句意:新冠肺炎疫情发生后,很多家长不再考虑把孩子送到国外深造。根据中文提示,需要形容词作定语,foreign“外国的”,形容词,故填foreign。
56. Zhang Guimei has devoted h________ (她自己) to improving poor girls’ education.
【答案】(h)erself
【解析】句意:张桂梅一直致力于改善贫困女孩的教育。“她自己”herself,反身代词,在句中作宾语。故填(h)erself。
57. Bing Dwen Dwen is the mascot of the 2022 Winter Olympics. Bing means ice in Chinese while Dwen Dwen means strong, ________ (健康的) and lively.
【答案】healthy
【解析】句意:冰墩墩是2022年冬奥会的吉祥物。“冰”在汉语中的意思是冰,而“墩墩”的意思是强壮、健康和活泼。“健康的”healthy,形容词作表语。故填healthy。
58. All Chinese people think highly of Zhong Nanshan because he is one of the greatest ________ (英雄) of fighting against the COVID-19.
【答案】heroes
【解析】句意:中国人民对钟南山的评价很高,因为他是抗击新冠肺炎疫情最伟大的英雄之一。“英雄”hero,可数名词;one of the+最高级+可数名词复数,表示“最……之一”,所以空处应用名词的复数形式heroes。故填heroes。
59. As we all know, China’s deep-sea exploration has already ________(进入)a new period.
【答案】entered
【解析】句意:众所周知,中国深海勘探已经进入了一个新的阶段。enter进入,根据“has already”可知,时态是现在完成时,动词用过去分词形式,故填entered。
60. School outdoor trips can ________ (give something to someone) us good chances to get close to things outside the class.
【答案】offer
【解析】句意:学校的户外旅行可以给我们提供很好的机会去接近课外的东西。“give something to someone”译为“给某人某物”,offer sb sth“提供某人某物”,情态动词can后用动词原形。故填offer。
【宿迁市宿城区2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、词汇运用(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
根据句意及所给中文、首字母或英文解释,写出句中所缺单词,每空限填一词。
51. I’d like to ________(分享)my experience with you all.
【答案】share
【解析】句意:我想和大家分享我的经历。结合短语“would like to do sth.(想要做某事)”和中文提示可知,横线处应填动词原形share。故填share。
52. He seems to have a ________(第六)sense for knowing that his brother will win.
【答案】sixth
【解析】句意:他似乎有第六感,知道他哥哥会赢。“第六”在英文中表达为“sixth”,sense感觉,名词,需用序数词修饰;sixth sense第六感,根据句意语境和汉语提示,故答案为sixth。
53. In 1989, Hepburn made her ________ (最终的) appearance in the film Always and played the role of an angel.
【答案】final
【解析】句意:1989年,赫本在电影《直到永远》中最后一次亮相,并扮演了一个天使。final“最终的”,形容词,作定语修饰名词“appearance”。故填final。
54. No matter what time we are getting through, ________(英雄)are always around us.
【答案】heroes
【解析】句意:无论我们在什么时代,英雄总是在我们身边。hero“英雄”,可数名词;由空后“are”可知,此处应用其复数形式,在句中作主语。故填heroes。
55. —I hear your grandpa can’t see anything now. Is it true?
—That’s true. He has gone ________.
【答案】blind
【解析】句意:——我听说你爷爷现在什么都看不见了。这是真的吗?——没错。他失明了。根据“I hear your grandpa can’t see anything now. Is it true?”及“That’s true.”可知此处指失明了,go是连系动词,后加形容词,blind“盲的”,是形容词,故填blind。
56. —What day comes after Saturday?
—It’s ________.
【答案】Sunday
【解析】句意:——星期六之后是星期几?——是星期日。根据常识可知,星期六以后是星期日,Sunday“星期日”,专有名词,大写首字母。故填Sunday。
57. Jackie Chan is a popular a________ in China and everyone likes him.
【答案】(a)ctor
【解析】句意:成龙在中国是一名很受欢迎的演员,每个人都喜欢他。根据首字母和“Jackie Chan is a popular …”可知,成龙是一名受欢迎的演员,actor“演员”,名词,不定冠词a后面跟单数名词。故填(a)ctor。
58. Our government has many laws to protect the environment. For example, people are not a________ to cut down trees.
【答案】(a)llowed
【解析】句意:我们的政府有许多保护环境的法律。例如,人们不允许砍伐树木。根据“Our government has many laws to protect the environment”可知这里表示“人们不允许砍伐树木”,结合首字母提示,可知动词allow符合题意,且“people”和“allow”之间是被动关系,该句为一般现在时的被动语态,该空用过去分词,故填(a)llowed。
59. There is a special ________ (costing nothing) gift with this month’s magazine.
【答案】free
【解析】句意:本月的杂志有一份特别的免费礼物。根据英文提示“costing nothing”和“a special … gift”可知,此处应填形容词作定语修饰gift,free“免费的,不花钱的”。故填free。
60. Many patients in Africa can’t ________ (have enough money to pay for something) to go to hospital, so the ORBIS doctors go to them.
【答案】afford
【解析】句意:非洲的许多患者负担不起去医院的费用,所以奥比斯医生们去了他们那里。根据“have enough money to pay for something”和“Many patients in Africa can’t … to go to hospital”可知,此处应填动词,表示“负担得起”,afford to do sth.表示“负担得起做某事”,can’t为情态动词,后面跟动词原形。故填afford。
【泰州兴化市2022年中考英语一模试题】
七、词汇运用。用所给单词的适当形式填空(共13小题;每小题1分,计13分)
85. Yang Zhenning, in his ________ (ninety), was on the list of the 2021 Touching China annual people (感动中国年度人物).
【答案】nineties
【解析】句意:杨振宁,在他九十多岁时,被提名为2021年度感动中国年度人物。表示某人几十多岁这样的约略年龄,用“in one’s+逢十的基数词的复数(如tens, twenties, thirties等)”来表达。ninety的复数形式为nineties。故填nineties。
86. Many schools are still closed in some areas ________ (stop) the spread of the virus.
【答案】to stop
【解析】句意:在一些地区,很多学校仍然关闭,为了防止病毒传播。stop动词,意为“防止”。根据“Many schools are still closed in some areas...the spread of the virus.”可知,此处为动词不定式作目的状语,故填to stop。
87. How unlucky he is! He ________ (mistake) for the suspect the other day.
【答案】was mistaken
【解析】句意:他多么不幸啊!前几天他被误认为是嫌疑犯。mistake“把……误认为”,动词;根据句意可知,主语he是动词mistake的承受者,所以应用被动语态,结合时间状语“the other day”可知,用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done),主语是He,be动词用was,mistake的过去分词是mistaken。故填was mistaken。
88. Mr. Wu is kind and never gets ________ (patient) whenever we ask him for help.
【答案】impatient
【解析】句意:吴先生很善良,我们找他帮忙时他从来不会不耐烦。连系动词get后跟形容词作表语;patient“耐心的”,根据“Mr. Wu is kind ”可知,应该是很耐心,空前有never,所以此处用patient的反义词impatient“不耐心的”,双重否定表肯定。故填impatient。
89. The task is too difficult. Lucy has no ________ (choose) but to ask others for help.
【答案】choice
【解析】这个任务太难了。Lucy除了向他人求助别无选择。根据“Lucy has no”可判断此处缺宾语,应用名词,choose 的名词为choice,have no choice but to do sth“别无选择,只能……”。故填choice。
90 一Didn’t you see the red light?
一Sorry, sir. I ________ (check) the map and didn’t notice it.
【答案】was checking
【解析】句意:——你没看到红灯吗? ——对不起,先生。我在看地图,没注意到。check检查,动词;根据“I...the map and didn’t notice it.”可知,此处表示刚才正在看地图,应用过去进行时,结构为was/were doing,主语为I,be动词用was,check的现在分词形式为checking。故填was checking。
91. Kids were reminded to take some money with ________ (they) before the school trip.
【答案】them
【解析】句意:孩子们被提醒在学校旅行之前要带钱。根据“Kids”可知是复数概念,句子表达“他们”,介词“with”后用人称代词的宾格“them”。故填them。
92. As it was even ________ (fog), it took me a longer to get to the school
【答案】foggier
【解析】句意:由于雾更大了,我花了更长的时间才到达学校。be动词was后应跟形容词作表语,fog的形容词是foggy“有雾的”,even修饰形容词比较级,所以空处用foggy的比较级形式foggier。故填foggier。
93. A China Eastern Airlines aircraft crashed and 132 people lost their lives, ________ (include) nine crew members.
【答案】including
【解析】句意:中国东方航空公司一架飞机坠毁,132人丧生,其中包括9名机组人员。include动词,意为“包含,包括”,其介词形式为including,通常放在逗号后面。根据“132 people lost their lives, ...nine crew members.”可知,此处是介词短语作状语,故填including。
94. Have you read the report? Those ________ (hero) stories really touched me deeply.
【答案】heroes’
【解析】句意:你看了报道没?那些英雄的故事让我深深地感动。根据“Those”可知是复数概念,句子表达“英雄的故事”,名词“stories”前用复数名词的所有格形式“heroes’”。故填heroes’。
95. Many people spoke ________ (high) of the film The Battle at Lake Changjin Ⅱ.
【答案】highly
【解析】句意:许多人对《长津湖之水门桥》这部电影给予了高度评价。根据“spoke …(high) of”可知,speak highly of“高度赞扬”,此空使用副词修饰实义动词。故填highly。
96. Social workers in our community are patient enough _______ (explain) how to register Huaishangtong (注册淮上通).
【答案】to explain
【解析】句意:我们社区的工作人员足够耐心地解释如何注册淮上通。
固定搭配:be+形容词+enough+to do sth,表示“有足够的……做某事”,所以空格处填动词不定式to explain。故答案为to explain。
97. What great fun we had ________ (chat) with each other at lunchtime!
【答案】chatting
【解析】句意:我们在午餐时间聊天真是太有趣了!chat“聊天”,动词;have fun doing sth.表示“做某事很开心”,为固定搭配,空格处应填chat的动名词形式chatting。故填chatting。
【无锡市锡山高级中学实验学校2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、词汇运用(本大题共8小题,每小题1分,共8分)
(A)根据句意和汉语注释,在答卷标有题号的横线上,写出单词的正确形式。
38. The bookstore was quiet, but a telephone suddenly rang and broke the ________ (寂静).
【答案】silence
【解析】句意:书店里很安静,但突然一个电话响了,打破了寂静。空格处作动词“broke”的宾语,应填名词形式,由冠词the也可知空格处填名词;silence寂静,不可数名词。故填silence。
39. The problem was not many people knew me or could even ________ (发音) my name.
【答案】pronounce
【解析】句意:问题是没有多少人认识我,甚至不会念我的名字。pronounce“发音”,用在情态动词后,使用动词原形。故填pronounce。
40. The overnight train runs every night of the week ________ (除……之外) Saturdays.
【答案】except
【解析】句意:除了周六,每晚都有夜车开。except“除……之外”,介词,故填except。
41. My mother was angry with me for being home late, but she went even ________ (发疯) at me when she was told I failed the exam.
【答案】crazier
【解析】句意:我妈妈因为我回家晚了而生我的气,但当她听说我考试不及格时,她对我更发火了。根据空前的went及空后at可知,此处是短语go crazy at sb“对某人发火”,空前even修饰比较级,所以此处用crazier。故填crazier。
(B) 根据句意,在答卷标有题号的横线上,写出括号内所给单词的适当形式。
42. Don’t let the _______ (sad) of your past and the fear of your future influence your present.
【答案】sadness
【解析】句意:不要让你过去的悲伤和未来的恐惧影响你的现在。
空处的词在定冠词the之后,应为名词;sad是形容词,悲伤的,对应的名词是sadness,悲伤,不可数名词,故答案为sadness。
43. The long waiting hours outside the school gate makes the parents grow ________ (patient).
【答案】impatient
【解析】句意:在学校门外长时间的等待使家长变得不耐烦。根据“grow”可知,需要一个表语;长时间等待会让人不耐烦,用impatient作表语,故填impatient。
44. She thought it impossible to talk about poems without ________ (mention) Li Bai.
【答案】mentioning
【解析】意:她认为说到诗,不可能不提到李白。mention“提到”,是动词,without是介词,后接动名词,故填mentioning。
45. On Oct 16, 2021 China ________ (success) in sending the spacecraft, Shenzhou XIII, into space.
【答案】succeeded
【解析】句意:2021年10月16日,中国成功发射神舟十三号宇宙飞船进入太空。此空缺少谓语动词,success的动词succeed表示“成功”,succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”,根据“On Oct 16, 2021”可知,描述过去发生的事情,动词用过去式,故填succeeded。
六、动词填空
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,并将答案写在答卷标有题号的横线上。(本大题共8小题,每小题1分,共8分)
46. Two young Chinese names ________ (shine) brightly at the Beijing 2022 Winter Games: skier Gu Ailing and snowboarder Su Yiming.
【答案】shone
【解析】句意:在2022年北京冬奥会上,滑雪运动员谷爱凌和单板滑雪运动员苏翊鸣在赛场上熠熠生辉。此空缺少动词作谓语,结合“at the Beijing 2022 Winter Games”可知,此句用一般过去时,故填shone。
47. Before you give up the job, ________ (consider) what your family will think about it.
【答案】consider
【解析】句意:在你放弃这份工作之前,考虑一下你的家人会怎么想。此处是祈使句,用动词原形,故填consider。
48. —Susan, I’m busy planting flowers. Can you give me a hand?
—Just a minute. I ________ (tidy) up my desk.
【答案】am tidying
【解析】句意:——苏珊,我正忙着种花。你能帮我个忙吗?——等一分钟。我正在整理我的书桌。根据“Just a minute”可知,此处表示“我正在整理我的书桌”,所以不能帮忙,应该用现在进行时,主语是I,tidy的现在分词是tidying。故填am tidying。
49. Squirrels like saving food, but they forget where it ________ (hide) from time to time.
【答案】was hidden
【解析】句意:松鼠喜欢储存食物,但它们有时会忘记食物藏在哪里。主语it代指food,与动词hide之间存在被动词关系,食物是过去被藏起来的,所以用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done,主语是第三人称单数,hide的过去分词形式是hidden,故填was hidden。
50. Those who said looking after children was an easy way to make money clearly ________ (not meet) such a terrible boy, she thinks.
【答案】haven’t met
【解析】句意:她认为,那些说照看孩子很容易赚钱的人显然没有遇到过这么糟糕的男孩。分析“Those who said looking after children was an easy way to make money clearly...such a terrible boy”可知,此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响,用现在完成时,主语是复数,故填haven’t met。
51. Nobody knows how much difficulty he had at that time ________ (control) the company.
【答案】controlling
【解析】句意:没有人知道当时他管理公司有多困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”,动名词作宾语,故填controlling。
52. I really regret sharing Teddy’s decision with you, for I thought you ________(keep) it a secret.
【答案】would keep
【解析】句意:我真后悔把泰迪的决定告诉了你,因为我以为你会保守这个秘密。分析句子结构可知所给词keep,在句中作从句的谓语,因主句是一般过去时,从句用相应的时态,结合句意“因为我以为你会保守秘密”可知表达是在过去看来将要发生的动作,即过去将来时,其结构为would+动词原形,故填would keep。
53. James ________ (read) the English novel last month, but he still needs four days to finish it.
【答案】was reading
【解析】句意:上个月James正在读这本英语小说,但他还需要四天才能读完。由句中“last month”和后句“but he still needs four days to finish it.”可知,此句是说上个月一直在读这本英语小说,还没有读完,应用过去进行时,其构成为 “was/were doing”,由主语“James”可知,应用was构成过去进行时,故填was reading。
【徐州市树人初级中学2022年中考英语一模试题】
四、词语运用(每小题1分, 计15分)
A) 选用方框内的单词或词组填空,其中有一项是多余的。
spread , left, impatient, get lost, fell in love with , get along with
46. When I was 5 years old, I ________ reading.
47. Every time I go to London, I always ________ in that city.
48. The government has done a lot to prevent this kinds of disease from being ________.
49. I can’t find my mobile phone everywhere. Maybe I ________ it at home.
50. You should not be _______ with your grandpa. He’s already eighty years old.
【答案】
46. fell in love with 47. get lost 48. spread 49. left 50. impatient
【解析】
【46题详解】
句意:5岁时,我爱上了阅读。此处填动词作谓语;根据“reading”可知此处指“爱上阅读”;备选词“fell in love with”意为“爱上……”符合语境。故填fell in love with。
【47题详解】
句意:每次我去伦敦,我总是在那个城市迷路。此处填动词作谓语;上句“…go to London”伦敦是大城市,可知备选词get lost“迷路”符合语境;根据“always”可知句子是一般现在时,主语I,谓语动词用原形。故填get lost。
【48题详解】
句意:政府已经做了很多工作来防止这种疾病的传播。根据“ this kinds of disease”可知此处指“防止这种疾病的传播”;备选词spread“传播”符合语境;prevent …from doing sth“阻止…做某事”;根据being可知此处动名词用被动式。故填spread。
【49题详解】
句意:我到处都找不到我的手机。也许我把它忘在家里了。根据“I can’t find my mobile phone everywhere”找不到手机;可知此处指“可能落在家里”;备选词left“忘了带”符合语境。故填left。
【50题详解】
句意:你不应该对你爷爷不耐烦。他已经80岁了。此处填形容词与be构成系表结构;根据“should not”和“He’s already eighty years old”可知此处指“爷爷年纪大了,不应该对他不耐烦”;备选词impatient“不耐烦的”符合语境。故填impatient。
【盐城东台市2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、词汇(共20小题,每小题1分,计20分)
(一)根据句意和汉语提示写出单词,完成句子。
56. There is no doubt that classical music has a ________ (持久的)value.
【答案】lasting
【解析】句意:毫无疑问,古典音乐具有持久的价值。此处作定语修饰名词“value”应用形容词lasting“持久的”。故填lasting。
57. Now they have ten days to decide ________ (是否)to buy the house or not.
【答案】whether
【解析】句意:现在他们有10天时间去决定是否买那个房子。“whether...or not”表示“是否……”。故填whether。
58. I hope my dream can come ________ (真的,真实的) after I graduate.
【答案】true
【解析】句意:我希望我毕业之后梦想能实现。“come true”表示“实现”。“true”此处是形容词,作表语。故填true。
59. Nancy lives on the ________ (第四十)floor and she can see everything around very well.
【答案】fortieth
【解析】句意:南希住在四十楼,她可以很好地看到周围的一切。第四十:fortieth,序数词表示顺序,此处意为“第四十楼”。故填fortieth。
60. “The more careful you are, the fewer ________ (错误)you will make.” the teacher said to the students.
【答案】mistakes
【解析】句意:老师对学生说:“你越仔细,你犯的错误就越少”。“错误”对应的英文表达是“mistake”,可数名词,此处用复数形式,“make mistakes”表示“犯错误”。故填mistakes。
(二)根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。
61. He is much ________ now because he does exercise every day. (health)
【答案】healthier
【解析】句意:他现在健康多了,因他每天都锻炼。分析句子可知,系表结构,此处需使用形容词,作表语,且其前有much修饰,所以使用形容词比较级;health健康,名词,其形容词为healthy,比较级为healthier。故填healthier。
62. The bags behind the door are those ________ (act).
【答案】actors’##actresses’
【解析】句意:门后面的袋子是那些演员。act v. 行动;表现。观察句子,这里表示的是从属关系:袋子是那些演员,作宾语,应该用名词所有格actors’/actresses’,故填actors’/actresses’。
63. “ Don’t read in the sun. It’s ________ (harm) to your eyes.” the mother said to her son.
【答案】harmful
【解析】句意:“不要在阳光下看书。这对你的眼睛有害。”那位母亲对儿子说。此处填形容词作表语;harmful“有害的”。故填harmful。
64. I am surprised that a cow has four ________ (stomach).
【答案】stomachs
【解析】句意:我很惊讶一头牛有四个胃。空格在基数词four后,填复数名词;故填stomachs。
65. Mr. Zhang, an old man from a quiet village, is used to ________ (live) in a big city now.
【答案】living
【解析】句意:张先生是一个来自安静村庄的老人,现在已经习惯住在大城市了。be used to doing sth“习惯于做某事”,使用动名词作宾语,故填living。
【盐城市亭湖区2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、词汇(共 20小题, 每小题1分, 计 20分)
(一)根据句意和汉语提示写出单词, 完成句子。
76. Bing Dwen Dwen is the mascot of the 2022 Winter Olympics. Bing means “ice” in Chinese while Dwen Dwen means “strong, healthy and ________”. (活泼的)
【答案】lively
【解析】句意:冰墩墩是2022年冬奥会的吉祥物。Bing在汉语中的意思是“冰”,而Dwen Dwen的意思是“强壮、健康和活泼”。lively“活泼的”,形容词,与“strong,healthy”并列,表示“Dwen Dwen”的中文含义。故填lively。
77. Tomorrow they will have a party to celebrate his brother’s ________ birthday. (第九)
【答案】ninth
【解析】句意:明天他们将举行一个聚会来庆祝他弟弟的九岁生日。根据所给中文提示并结合后文“birthday”可知要用序数词“ninth”表示“第九个生日”。故填ninth。
78. For your own ________, remember not to drive after drinking. (安全)
【答案】safety
【解析】句意:为了你自己的安全,记住不要酒后开车。由语境和汉语提示可知,“安全”译成:safety;本身表示抽象意义,所以用单数。故填safety。
79. When you go to crowded places, ________ to wear a mask and keep a safe distance. (记住)
【答案】remember
【解析】句意:当你去拥挤的地方时,记得戴口罩并保持安全距离。句子含有when引导的时间状语从句,主句表示建议和劝告,属于祈使句,因此空处填动词原形,remember表示“记住”,故填remember。
80. It’s said that there will be a new bookshop ________ our flat. (在……对面)
【答案】opposite
【解析】句意:据说我们公寓对面将有一家新书店。opposite“在……对面”,介词,与“our flat”构成介词短语在there be句型中作地点状语。故填opposite。
(二)根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。
81. ________ workers in our community are patient enough to explain how to register Location Code. (society)
【答案】Social
【解析】句意:我们社区的社工有足够的耐心解释如何注册位置代码。句中“workers”是名词,其前用形容词修饰,作定语。society“社会”,名词,其形容词形式为social“社会的”,位于句首,首字母s大写。故填Social。
82. Look! There is a wallet ________ on the ground. (lie)
【答案】lying
【解析】句意:看!地上有一个钱包。lie“躺,位于”,动词,根据“There is a wallet...on the ground.”可知,句子是There be sth doing sth“有某物正在做某事”的句型,空处应填现在分词形式lying。故填lying。
83. When he was only a child, he found ________ interested in math. (he)
【答案】himself
【解析】句意:当他只是一个孩子时,他发现自己对数学感兴趣。he“他”,是主格形式,结合句意,他发现自己对数学感兴趣,因此用he的反身代词,故填himself。
84. The more you try to improve yourself, the ________ you will feel. (happy)
【答案】happier
【解析】句意:你越努力提高自己,你就会感到越快乐。 此句是“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,表示“越……,越……”。happy的比较级是happier“更快乐”,故填happier。
85. Mother’s cooking skills will not only satisfy our ___________(stomach) but also our spirit.
【答案】stomachs
【解析】句意:妈妈的厨艺不仅能满足我们的胃,也能满足我们的精神。根据所给单词,此处填名词;stomach表示“胃”,因our表示“我们”,需用复数,故填stomachs。
【宜兴市树人中学2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、词汇运用(本大题共8小题,每小题1分,共8分)
(A) 根据句意和汉语注释,在答题卡对应题号的横线上,写出单词的正确形式。
58. The dress made of wool is ________ ironed. It must suit you very well.(平整地)
【答案】smoothly
【解析】句意:这件羊毛做的裙子被熨得很平整。它一定很适合你。空格指助动词和行为动词之间,判断填副词;根据中文提示,smoothly平整地,副词;故答案为smoothly。
59. Mr Grumble is always complaining. It seems that nothing can ________(使……满意)him.
【答案】satisfy
【解析】句意:Grumble先生总是抱怨。似乎没有什么能使他满意。satisfy“使……满意”,动词,can是情态动词,后接动词原形,故填satisfy。
60. We have a growing ________ (人口) in this area and we need more food. Let’s plant more crops!
【答案】population
【解析】句意:这个地区的人口在增长,我们需要更多的食物。让我们种更多的庄稼吧!根据中文提示可知,population“人口”,结合“a”可知,需要一个名词单数,故填population。
61. Shenzhen, a(n) ________ (不出名的) fishing village many years ago, has turned into a modern city.
【答案】unknown
【解析】句意:许多年前,深圳是一个不知名的渔村,现在已经变成了一座现代化的城市。unknown“不出名的”,是形容词作定语,修饰其后的名词,故填unknown。
(B) 根据句意,在答题卡对应题号的横线上,写出括号内所给单词的适当形式。
62. Don’t worry. I have ________ (hang) all the wet clothes on the balcony.
【答案】hung
【解析】句意:不要担心。我已经把所有的湿衣服挂在阳台上了。
根据have可知此处用的是现在完成时态;根据wet clothes可知此处表示“悬挂”,用hang的过去分词hung。故答案为hung。
63. In China, many high-tech tools are ________ (wide) used to fight the Corona virus.
【答案】widely
【解析】句意:在中国,许多高科技工具被广泛用于抗击冠状病毒。根据“used”可知,用副词修饰动词,故填widely。
64. To be an ________ (invent), one needs much knowledge as well as a very vivid imagination.
【答案】inventor
【解析】句意:要成为一名发明家,不仅需要丰富的知识,还需要丰富的想象力。根据“one needs much knowledge as well as a very vivid imagination.”可知,此处指的是成为发明家的条件,inventor“发明家”,空前有an修饰,名词用单数形式,故填inventor。
65. As tigers mostly live in Asia, they have become a cultural symbol of ________ (east) countries.
【答案】eastern
【解析】句意:由于老虎主要生活在亚洲,它们已成为东方国家的文化象征。空处修饰其后的名词,应用形容词形式,故填eastern。
六、动词填空
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,并将答案写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。(本大题共8小题,每小题1分,共8分)
66. —Jack, I’m busy doing the washing. Can you give me a hand?
—Wait a moment. I ________ (make) the bed.
【答案】am making
【解析】句意:——杰克,我正忙着洗衣服呢。你能帮我个忙吗?——等一会儿。我正在铺床。根据“I’m busy doing the washing”和“Wait a moment.”可知,此句时态是现在进行时,表示正在铺床,故填am making。
67. —Could you tell me how soon the first underground in Jiangyin ________ (be) in service?
—Next year.
【答案】will be
【解析】句意:——你能告诉我江阴的第一条地铁多久能投入使用吗?——下一年。根据“Next year.”可知,时态是一般将来时,结合英文提示,will be符合句意。故填will be。
68. How can I trust you? You ________ (lie) to me again and again.
【答案】have lied
【解析】句意:我怎么能相信你?你一次又一次地骗我。根据“again and again”和“How can I trust you?”可知,用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,故填have lied。
69. Paper, one of the four greatest inventions in ancient China, ________ (invent) by Cai Lun about 2,000 years ago.
【答案】was invented
【解析】句意:纸是中国古代四大发明之一,大约在2000年前由蔡伦发明。invent“发明”,是一个动词。由句子结构可知,该空为该句的谓语动词,主语“Paper”与动词构成被动关系,应用被动语态:be+过去分词;由“about 2,000 years ago”可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为不可数名词,be动词用was。故填was invented。
71. —Did you see Dorothy? She just came back from abroad.
—Yes. But she ________ (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away.
【答案】was phoning
【解析】句意:——你看见多萝西了吗?她刚从国外回来。——看见了。但她在给别人打电话,所以我向她点了点头就走了。根据“so I nodded to her and went away.”及语境可知,此处指的是“她正在给人打电话”,应用过去进行时,表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作,主语是第三人称单数,be动词用was,phone“打电话”,现在分词为phoning。故填was phoning。
72. As soon as the curtain ________ (rise), all the colourful lights on the stage turned on.
【答案】rose
【解析】句意:幕布一升起,舞台上所有的彩灯就亮了。根据“all the colourful lights on the stage turned on.”可知,从句时态用一般过去时,rise“升起”,不及物动词,其过去式rose。故填rose。
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