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牛津译林版英语七年级上册7A Unit1--Unit6知识点归纳
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牛津译林版英语七年级上册7A Unit1--Unit6知识点归纳
7AUnit 1
Comic strip (卡通漫画)This is me !
I love this e-dog.我非常喜欢这只电子狗。
★这里的e-dog意思是electronic dog。electronic可译为“电子的”。如:e-mail(电子邮件)。
How to look after your e-dog如何照料你的电子狗
★look after的意思是“照看,照料”。如:
(a)Look! Lily is looking after her little brother.看,丽莉正在照料她的小弟弟呢!
(b)Could you help me look after my cat?你能帮忙照料一下我的小猫吗?
Making friends at your new school在新学校交朋友
★make friends可译为“交朋友”。与某人交朋友可表达为:make friends with somebody
(a)Tom made many new friends in China.汤姆在中国结识了许多新朋友。
(b)I find it easy to make friends with Chinese people.我觉得跟中国人交朋友很容易
This is the first day at Beijing Sunshine Secondary School. The students are introducing themselves to each other. They are going to write about themselves.
这是北京阳光中学开学的第一天。学生们正在互相作自我介绍。他们要写自我简介。
Write about yourself for the class notice board.
写一段文字简单介绍一下自己,这份简介将张贴在班级布告牌上。
Welcome to the unit (导入)
A Meeting new friends
The students are starting school at Beijing Sunshine Secondary School and this is their first English lesson. They are introducing themselves to each other.北京阳光中学的学生们开学了。这是他们的第一堂英语课。他们正在互相作自我介绍。
B Greetings问候
B 1 Millie meets Kitty at the following times. What does Millie say to Kitty? Help Millie write the correct greetings under the picture.米莉在下列时间见到基蒂。米莉对基蒂说了些什么?帮米莉在图片下面写上正确的
1 Good evening.晚上好。
★此句是晚上见面时的问候用语。Good evening.的回答通常也是Good evening,
2 Good night晚安。
★此句是晚上道别时或临睡前的礼貌用语。
B2两人一组,跟你的伙伴打招呼,然后介绍你自己。用A部分中的句子和B1部分中的问
候语来帮你进行练习。
Reading (阅读)
A Welcome to Beijing Sunshine Secondary School
Page 8
米莉、西蒙、桑迪、基蒂、埃米和丹尼尔是北京阳光中学的新学生。让我们来认识他
I live in Beijnng.我住在北京。
★live在这里的意思是“居住”,不及物动词。如
(a)一Where do you live?你住在哪里?
一I live in Nanjing.我住在南京。
(b)We live on the fourth floor.我们住在四楼。
2 I like listening to music.我喜欢听音乐。
▲表示“喜欢做……”时,我们可以用like doing something,也可用like to do something或enjoy doing sth
(a)I like reading newspapers in the morning.我喜欢在早上看报纸。
(b)Children like to play games after school.孩子们喜欢在放学后做游戏。
(c)He enjoys playing computer games.(page 8)他喜欢打电脑游戏。
3 He wears glasses.他戴眼镜。
▲glass可以指“玻璃”(不可数名词)、“玻璃杯”(可数名词)、“眼镜”(只作glasses)。如
(a)Look at the window.The glass is broken.看这扇窗户,玻璃碎了。
(b)There are some glasses on the table.桌上有一些玻璃杯。
(c)Kitty does not wear glasses.(page 10)基蒂不戴眼镜。
B Getting to know the students
B1英语老师吴老师想要进一步了解学生。他们喜欢什么活动?帮他将正确的字母填在方框里。
B2吴老师正在描写他的学生。看下列句子,它们正确吗?在正确的句子后写T,错误的句子后面写F
C New classmates
C1米莉正在做关于她的新同学的记录。帮助她完成这些记录,用第8页上的资料帮助你。
C2写一份自我简介,完成下列句子。
Vocabulary (词汇)
A playing sport
今天米莉和她的同学在做什么?将正确的单词写在图片下。
B Sports and equipment
米莉上体育课的时间到了。同学们现在在哪儿呢?完成下面的句子。
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A米莉正在和她的新同学聊天。完成他们的对话。
Are you good at English,Mille? 米莉,你擅长英语吗?
▲be good at…的意思是“擅长……”。at是介词,后面应加名词或动词的ing形式。
They are good at drawing. 他们擅长绘画。
Page 14
B用方框内的单词帮米莉把下列句子补充完整。
1 I have breakfast at 7a.m.我早上七点钟吃早饭。
▲a.m.是“早上,中午之前”的意思,是一个缩略形式,美式英语写作A.M+它的对应词是p·m.(下午,午后)。如:
I usually go to school at 6.30 a.m.and go home at 5.00 p.m.
我通常早上六点半上学,下午五点回家。
2 I talk to my classmates at lunchtime.我在午餐时间和同学交谈。
▲talk在此作动词,意思是“讲话,谈话”。talk作动词,表示“谈论某事”时,可以用talk
about/of something;表示“同某人谈话”时,可以用talk to/with somebody。如:
I want to talk to you about this.我想和你谈谈这个问题。
talk作名词时,也表示“讲话,谈话”的意思,可以用于have a talk with somebody这种结构。
如
1 want to have a talk with her.我想和她谈一谈。
C吴老师想进一步了解他的学生,他让他们在下列表格中自己喜欢的活动下写下自己的名字。用表格中的信息回答问题。
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D 米莉在向丹尼尔打听班上的同学放学后都做些什么。用一般现在时完成丹尼尔的回答。
Does Amy walk home after school?埃米放学后走路回家吗?
▲walk是“步行,走路”的意思。“步行去某地”应用walk to…。因这里的home是副词,故省去了walk后面的to。如:;
(a)John's parents walk to the office every day.约翰的父母每天步行到办公室。
(b)We can walk to the park.It's not very far.我们可以走着去公园,离这儿不远:
▲after school的意思是“放学后”,类似的还有:after class“下课后”;after supper“晚饭
Sometimes my mother flies a kite with me in the park.有时;妈妈和我在公园里放风筝。
▲sometimes的意思是“有时”。 如:
(a)She is sometimes in Paris,sometimes in London.她有时在巴黎,有时在伦敦。
(b)He sometimes comes to see us.他有时来看我们。
Page 16
A1 Simon想写篇文章介绍他最喜欢的球星。他找到一篇关于李华的新闻稿。阅读下面的文章,并帮助西蒙在下面的便签上做一些有关李华的记录。
LiHua scores for Huanghe李华为黄河队得分
▲score在这里作动词,表示“得分’’的意思,还可用于短语score a goal。如
He is good at scoring goals.(page 16)他很擅长得分。
score也可作名词,意思是“分数”。如:
What's your score in the exam?你考试的分数是多少?
A2听关于李华的广播节目。帮西蒙完成A1部分的记录。
Page 17
A3 用第16页A1部分中的记录帮西蒙写篇介绍李华的文章。
He comes from Guangdong but now he lives in Beijing.他来自广东,但现在住在北京。
▲come from的意思是“来自……(地方);是……(地方)人”,也可以用be from来表达。
如:
(a)We all come from Beijing.(= We all from Beijing)我们都是北京人。
(b)The little boy comes from the USA.(= The little is from the USA.)
这个小男孩来自美国。
B丹尼尔和桑迪在谈论学校里他们最喜欢的足球运动员。以他们的对话为例,谈谈你最喜欢的足球运动员‘
Our school football team wins again.我们学校的足球队又赢了。
▲win的意思是“赢,获胜”,一般不以人为宾语。如果以人为宾语,一般用beat表示“击败”。
如
(a)We win the volleyball match many times.我们赢了好多次排球比赛。
(b)They beat us 4:3.他们以4:3击败了我们。
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A你今天把铅笔盒忘在家里了,得向你的同学借东西。练习说下面几句话。
Can I borrow your pen/pencil/ruler/rubber?我能借你的钢笔/铅笔/尺子/橡皮用一用吗?
▲borrow的意思是“跟……(人)借……(物)”,指“借进”,后面可接介词from。表示“把
……(物)借给……(人);’应该用lend,指“借出”,后面通常接to, 如:
(a)Can I borrow your bike?(Can I borrow a bike from you?)
我可以借一下你的自行车吗?
(b)You can borrow the book from the school library.你可以在学校图书馆借到这本书。
(c) I have no money.I can't lend ¥10 to you.我没有钱,不能借十块钱给你。
B下面的句子在英语课上很有帮助。练习说一说。
2 Excuse me.How do you say that in English?请问,那个用英语怎么说?
▲此句的意思还可以用What's that in English?来表达。
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A北京阳光中学的新同学正在写自我介绍。下面是米莉和丹尼尔的自我简介。
I have lots of friends at Beijing Sunshine Secondary Schoo1.我在北京阳光中学有许多朋友。
▲lots of的意思是“很多”,相当于a lot of,后面可跟可数名词或不可数名词。如:
(a)I have a lot of CDs.我有许多唱片。
(b)There's lots of sugar in the coffee.咖啡里有很多糖。
(c)There are lots of beautiful flowers in the tree.树上有很多美丽的花。
Page 20
B你也打算写一份自我介绍。首先用你自己的信息完成表格。然后写一份个人简历,并向全班同学介绍你自己。第19页上米莉和丹尼尔的简历以及表格中的信息都可以帮助你完成简历。
Page21
A丹尼尔正在和妈妈谈论他学校里的新朋友。选择括号内正确的单词完成对话。
Your new friends sound great!你的新朋友听起来真棒!
▲sound在此作系动词,后面加形容词,意为“听起来”。如: It sounds quite good.听起来挺不错的。
类似sound这类后面可直接接形容词的动词还有:stay停留;look看起来;smell闻起来;taste尝起来,等等。如:
(a)Our English teacher looks young.我们的英语老师看上去很年青。
(b)The flowers smells sweet.花朵散发芳香。
B用正确的单词完成句子。
7A Unit2
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1 Is it time for breakfast7是吃早饭的时间了吗?
▲陈述句为:It's time for breakfast.句型it's time for的意思还可以用it’s time to do …来表。如:
(a)It's time for playing football.是踢球的时间了。
此句可以转化为:It's time to play football.
(b)It's time for English class.是上英语课的时间了
此句可以转化为:It's time to have English class.
2 Some dogs just don't know how to have fun.一些狗就是不懂得怎么玩。
▲have fun的意思是“嬉戏”,“娱乐”,fun为不可数名词。 fun有时也可以作形容词,意思是“有趣的,令人愉快的”。如:
(a)Swimming in the sea is great fun!在海里游泳是件很有趣的事。
(b)The game sounds fun.这个游戏听上去很有趣。 、
△米莉有个名叫汤米的新网友,她正在告诉他有关她新学校的事情。
△向你的网友讲讲你的学校生活,然后完成网友俱乐部网站的快乐图表。
Page 23
A下面是米莉的一篇日记。你也想写篇日记。将你的日常活动填人下面日记的各项内
Do morning exercises做早操
▲do exercise意思是“做运动”,也可说take exercise。如:
Do at least 30 minutes exercise every day.每天最少做30分钟运动。
Page 24
A米莉写了封邮件给她的新网友汤米。下面是她写的电子邮件。
1 Amy is my best friend.埃米是我最好的朋友。
▲best是形容词good的最高级。英语里多数形容词分为原级、比较级和最高级。如:
good好(原级)、better较好(比较级)、best最好(最高级)。最高级前一般要加the,但如果
前面有my等限定的词,就不用加the了。
(a)My English is good.My Maths is better.My Chinese is the best.
我的英语很好,数学更好,语文最好。
(b)English is my best subiect.英语是我学得最好的科目。
2 My favourite lessons are Chinese and English.我最喜欢的课程是语文和英语。
▲favourite是形容词,意思是“最喜爱的”,没有比较级和最高级。如:
What's your favourite sport?你最喜欢的运动是什么?
3 I spend about two hours a day doing my homework.我一天花大约两个小时做家庭作业。
▲spend…(in) doing something意思是“花(时间、钱)干某事”,后面的动词要用动词的
ing形式,in可以省略。同样的意思还可用spend…on something表达。如:
(a)I will spend 80 yuan buying books./I will spend 80 yuan on books.我要花80元钱买书。
(b)Millie spends 20 hours doing sports every week./Millie spends 20 hours on sports every week.米莉每周花20个小时做运动。
4 We must do some housework at home because we are all members of the family.
我们在家应该做一些家务,因为我们都是家庭中的成员。
5 We always have a good time at our school.我们在学校里总是很开心。
▲have a good time是一个固定词组,意为“过得开心,过得愉快”。类似的说法还有enjoy
oneself。如
(a)Look! They are having a good time in the park.看!他们在公园玩得多开心。
(b)Amy always enjoys herself in the Swimming Club.埃米在游泳俱乐部里总是过得很快乐。
6 Please e-mail me soon!请尽快给我发电子邮件!
▲e-mail在这里作动词,意思是“发电子邮件”。如:
Please e-mail me a new form.请发给我一份新的表格。
e-mail还可以作名词,表示“电子邮件”。如:
I get lots of e-mails everyday·我每天收到大量的电子邮件。
Page 25
B1米莉还想寄给汤米一些校园内务处的图片。帮她在图片下面写上正确的单词。
B2 米莉正在把她写给汤米的电子邮件给埃米看,但其中有一些单词埃米不认识。把左
▲send意思为“派、送、寄”。如:
(a)Please send a letter to me when you get there.请你到那儿就寄封信给我。
(b)If you need money, I will send some to you.如果你需要钱,我就给你送一些去。
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C汤米正和朋友谈起米莉的电子信件。在正确的句子后写T,错误的句子后写F.
Millie goes to the Reading Club twice a week.米莉一星期去读书会两次。
▲twice表示“两次、两倍”,once表示“一次”,三次以上用time表示次数。如
(a)I have seen the film three times.我已经看了三次这部电影了。
(b)I have practised reading this poem many times to improve my skill.
我已经练习读了这首诗许多次来提高我的技巧。
D汤米想知道米莉在学校里的作息活动时间。用第23页上的信息帮他在图片下填上活动的正确名称。
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A米莉正和埃米说着汤米喜欢的一些活动。在图片下面写上正确的动词。
B埃米的堂妹雪莉想知道埃米和她的朋友们放学后做什么。完成埃米和雪莉的对话。
My mum says we shouldn't watch too much TV.我妈妈说我们不应该看太多的电视。
▲should意思为“应该”,其否定形式shouldn't意思为“不应该”。如:
(a)You should do your homework first.你应该先做你的家庭作业。
(b)We shouldn't play too many computer games.我们不应该玩太多的电脑游戏。
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She walks him every day. 她每天带他出去遛遛。
▲walk后加某种动物,意思是“牵着(动物)走,溜”。如:
My mother often walks our dog in the morning.妈妈经常在清晨遛狗。
A1西蒙和丹尼尔在谈论他们班上的同学。在空白处填上正确的代词替代图片。
2 We play together all the time.我们总是在一起踢球。
▲all the time表示“一直、始终、总是”。如:
The baby is crying all the time.这个婴儿总是在哭。
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A2米莉有些关于学校生活的照片。她想把它们寄给汤米。帮助米莉在空白处填上正确的代词。
A3埃米正在给网友俱乐部写稿介绍她的朋友们。帮她完成这篇文章,在空白处填上正确的代词。
1 She is at the volleyball court from4.00p.m. to 5.00 p.m.她下午四点到五点在排球场。
▲from…to …意思是“从……到……”。如:
She can count from 1 to 100.她能从1数到100。
2 Then she meets up with Simon.然后她和西蒙见面。
▲meet up (with somebody)意思是“约见(某人)”。如:
(a)Let's meet up after school!放学后我们见个面。
(b)Mary often meets up with Tom after work.玛丽经常下班后和汤姆见面。
3 She is very busy and does not have much time to talk with her friends
她很忙,没时间和她的朋友交谈。
▲have(no) time to do something意思是“有/没有时间做某事”。
I have no time to watch TV.我没有时间看电视。
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B丹尼尔正在和他爷爷通电话。用正确的人称代词完成对话。
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Al七年级一班的学生要参加校方组织的旅游。读吴老师给米莉的留言条,并看看下
1 Please get some information about the China Space Museum,the China Science and Technology Museum and Beijing Zoo.
请你找一些有关中国太空博物馆、中国科技馆和北京动物园的信息。
▲information意思是“消息、信息、资料”,为不可数名词。“一条信息”为a piece of
information。如
(a)There is some good information about health on the Internet.
网上有一些好的健康方面的信息。
(b)There are five pieces of information on this page.在这页上有五条信息。
2 Every day except Monday除了周一,每天(开放)
▲except意为“除……之外”。如:
He usually goes to work on foot except when it rains.
除了雨天,他一般都走路上班。
此外需要注意except与besides的区别。试比较:
We all go to the party except him.除他以外,我们都去了晚会。(他没去)
We all go to the party besides him.除他以外,我们大家也都去了晚会。(他也去了)
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A2米莉想把资料交给吴老师,帮她完成下面表格的前四栏。
A3听广播节目,填写A2部分关于开放时间的信息。
A4米莉和班上的同学现在知道他们想去什么地方了。用A2部分表格中的信息帮米莉
成给吴老师的便条。
Dear Mr. Wu
Thank you for organizing the class trip .We would like to go to Beijing Zoo_in Xicheng Distric.
The price for each student is 5 Yuan. The Zoo is open from 7:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
We cannot go to The China Space Museum or The China Science and Technology Museum because their prices are too high and The China Science and Technology Museum is closed on Mondays.We are all looking forward to a great day out !
Millie
1 Thank you for organizing the class trip.感谢你组织这次班级旅行。
表thank somebody for doing something意思是“感谢某人做某事”。如:
Thank you for helping me.感谢你帮助我。
2 We would like to go to Beijing zoo in Xicheng District.我们想去西城区的北京动物园。
▲would like to do something意思是“想做某事”。如:
I’d like to show you a picture.我想给你看一张照片。
3 We are all looking forward to a great day out!我们都盼望着出去好好玩
▲look forward to(doing)something意思是“盼望着(干)某事”。如:
(a)I look forward to the holidays.我盼望着假期。
(b)He looks forward to seeing her again soon.他盼望着早日再次见到她
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B米莉和汤米在网上谈论她的学校生活。你也想告诉朋友们关于你的学校生活。以汤米和米莉的对话为例,两人一组做对话。
1 Millie,what do you think of your new school?米莉,你认为你的新学校怎么样?
▲What do you think of…意为“你认为……怎么样”。类似的说法还有How do you like
如
(a)What do you think of Nanjing?你认为南京怎么样?
(b)How do you like my new shoes?你认为我的新鞋子怎么样?
2 Don't worry.别担心。
▲worry意为“担心”,“发愁”通常与介词about搭配,表示“为某事或某人担心”。如
You don't have to worry about him你不必为他担心。
请以My School Life 为题写一篇短文,不少于50词。
My School Life
My school day starts at eight every morning. We do morning exercises first. Our lessons begin at 8:25. I eat lunch at school.
My favourite lessons are Chinese and English. I like Maths too. I like playing volleyball after class. I often practise with my classmates. I go to the Reading Club twice a week because I like reading very much. I always have a good time at my school.
A1我们经常通过问句来请求帮助。当问句能用“是”或“不是”来回答时,我们在问句结尾处用升调。
A2读A1部分的问题,正确地在句末使用升调。
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B1桑迪有时会弄不清“—(e)s”结尾的单词的不同发音。帮她找出不同之外。仔细听这些单词练习说一说。
B2桑迪想练习朗读以“(e)s’’结尾的单词。听并且说出这些单词结尾的发音是/s//z/或/iz/
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A米莉在填一份网友俱乐部网站的快乐图表。你也想写信给这个俱乐部。首先看看米莉的图表,然后看看下面表格中米莉的喜好和憎恶。
1 Millie's happiness chart米莉的喜好表
▲love意思是“爱”,在感情上比like强烈。如:
(a)We love our country.我们热爱祖国。
(b)My parents always tell me to love every body.我父母总是告诉我要爱所有的人。
▲like意思是“喜欢”、“爱好”,是普通用语,指对某人、某事持赞许的态度或发生兴趣,并积极参加活动。后接名词、代词、动词的ing形式或不定式作宾语。如:
(a)We all like English.我们都喜欢英语。
(b)I like going shopping on Saturdays.我喜欢周六去购物。
▲dislike意思是“厌恶”、“讨厌”。如:
(a)I dislike it when he lies.我讨厌他撒谎。
(b)Tom dislikes doing homework.汤姆不喜欢做家庭作业。
2 It helps us get ready for the day.它帮助我们为一天做好准备。
▲get ready for意思是“为……做准备”,后跟名词或代词,get ready to后跟动词原形。如
(a)My mother is getting ready for dinner.我妈妈在准备晚饭。
(b)Get ready to run.准备跑。
3 I can chat with friends and eat nice food.我能和朋友聊天,吃到好吃的食物。
▲chat with somebody意思是“与某人闲谈,聊天”。如
She likes to chat with her friends on the phone.她喜欢在电话里和她的朋友聊天。
4 1 love reading because 1 want to learn more about the world.
我爱看书是因为我想了解更多有关世界的知识。
▲learn about something意思是“学习、了解某事”。如:
(a)I am keen to learn about the town's history。我很想了解这个城镇的历史
(b)If you want to learn more about the universe,you can search the Internet,
如果你想知道有关宇宙的更多知识,你可以上网搜寻。
B完成你给网友俱乐部网站的快乐图表。增加一些活动。画上如A部分中的面部表情。
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C现在,完成你自己的喜好厌恶表格。和你班上的同学讨论其中的原因,然后写封电子邮件给你的网友。
I like some parts of the day and I dislike others.我喜欢一天的某些时候,不喜欢另外一些。
表some…others…表示“一些……其他的一些……”。others表示不确定的其他的、某些。如
After school some students do homework,some clean the classroom,others do after-school
activities.放学后一些学生做家庭作业,一些打扫教室,其他的人进行课外活动。
others前面加the,表示固定范围内的人或物中的“其他的,其余的”。如:
(a)He sat far away from the others in the room.他坐得离房间里的其他人很远。
(b)There are five bags on the ground. Two of them are Mrs. Brown's.The others are mine.
地上有五个袋子,其中两个是布朗夫人的,其余的是我的。
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A埃米和桑迪正在图书馆学习,但她们做英语家庭作业时遇到了困难。两人一组,将对话补充完整。
1 Can you tell me the answer to number two?你能告诉我第二题的答案吗?
▲the answer to意思是“……的答案”。类似用to的词组还有:
The key to the bike自行车的钥匙 the tickets to the film电影票
B人们每天做些什么?埃米和桑迪正在讨论这个问题。看图完成句子。某些单词可重复使用。
7A Unit 3 Let’s Celebrate
1. Let’s celebrate. 让我们一起庆祝吧。P38
celebrate: vt. & vi. Celebration n.
We celebrate New Year’s Day on January the first. 我们在一月一日庆祝元旦。
2. That’s not very interesting. 那不是太有趣。P38
interesting: a. (使人)感到有趣的 interested: a. (有趣的) interest: n. 兴趣
I’m interested in the interesting film. 我对那部有趣的电影有兴趣。
对……感兴趣的:have interest in sth. = be interested in sth.
Mr. Brown has great interest in / is interested in French food.
布朗先生对法国食品有浓厚的兴趣。
(开始)对……感兴趣:become interested in sth.
I became interested in English when I was only six years old.
当我六岁时我就开始对
3. I’m dressing up as a ghost. 我打算打扮成个鬼的样子。P38
dress up 打扮 dress up as sth. 打扮成……的样子
dress up in sth. 用……打扮 dress sb. 给某人穿衣服
get dressed 穿衣服
The boy always dresses up in a special costume at the party.
那个男孩在聚会上总是穿一身特殊的服装。
We’ll have guests today, please dress up. 今天我们会有客人,请打扮一下。
I could dress myself when I was only three years old.
当我只有三岁的时候,我就会自己穿衣服了。
Get dressed at once, because it’s time for you to go to school.
马上穿衣服,因为到了你上学的时间了。
4. OK, then I’ll dress up as Monkey King. 好吧,那么我将打扮成美猴王(孙悟空)。P38
5. Which is your favourite festival? 你最喜欢的节日是哪个?P39
= Which festival do you like best? = Which festival is your best?
6. The Class 1, Grade 7 students in the English Club are making a display about different festivals around the world. 参加英语俱乐部的七年级一班的学生们正在做一个关于世界各地不同国家的节日的展览。P38
make a display / show 做一个展出 a display of sth. 做一个……的展示
a display about sth. 做一个关于……的展示
around the world = all around the world = all over the world 世界各地
7. Each student has to make a poster showing his / her favourite festival.P38
每个学生都得做一张显示他/她最喜欢的节日的海报。
showing 是现在分词作定语,意思是“展示……的”。类似的情况还有:
The man working in the field is a farmer. 在地里干活的那个男人是个农民。
8. Millie is writing a list of festivals. Millie正在开列一张节日的清单。P39
write / make a list 开列清单 a list of sth. 一张……的清单
on the list 在清单上 a shopping list 一张购物清单
9. Replace the underlined words with your own ideas. P39
用你自己的想法替换下划线的语句。
replace A with B 用B替换A
10. Getting ready for Halloween. 为万圣节作准备。P40
get ready for sth. 为……作准备 get ready to do sth. 为做某事做准备
The boys are getting ready to take the test. 那些男孩们正在为参加考试作准备。
be ready for sth. 为……做好了准备 be ready to do sth. 为做某事做好了准备
Everybody is ready for the party. 每个人都为聚会做好了准备。
Are you ready to go for a ride? 你准备好了去骑车了吗?
get sth. ready 把某物准备好 be always ready to do sth. 乐于做某事
Everybody must get the food ready by himself or herself.
每个人都应该自己准备好食物。
Steven is always ready to help others. Steven乐于助人。
11. Millie received a letter about Halloween from her pen friend in the USA.P40
Millie收到了她美国笔友来的一封关于万圣节的信。
收到某人的来信:receive a letter from sb. = get a letter from sb. = hear from sb.
I hear from him once a week. 我一周收到一次他的来信。
12. Thank you for telling me about the Mid-Autumn Festival.P40
谢谢你告诉我关于中秋节的情况。
thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做了某事
thank sb. for sth. 因为某事而感谢某人
Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮助了我。
Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。
13. We have a special party on October 31st. 我们在10月31日举办一个特殊的聚会。P40
have a party = hold a party 举办聚会 at the party 在聚会上
the Party 中国共产党
How often do you have a party? 你们每隔多久举行个聚会?
14. What do you do for Halloween? 你万圣节干些什么?P40
你圣诞节给了他什么生日礼物?
What birthday present did you give him? = What present did you give him for birthday? = What did you give him as a birthday present?
15. We play a game called “trick or treat”. 我们玩一个名叫“不招待就使坏”的游戏。P40
play a game 玩游戏 名为……:called = named = with the name of
I have a e-friend with the name of Jacky. 我有一个名叫Jacky的网友。
16. We knock on people’s doors and shout “trick or treat”.P40
我们敲着人们的门并且大叫“不招待就使坏”。
knock on / at sth. 敲击某物 knock A into B 把A敲进B里
knock into sb. / sth. 撞上某人/某物 a knock at / on the door 一声敲门声
My father is knocking a nail into the wall now.
我父亲现在正在把一个钉子钉到墙上。
Because she was too careless, she knocked into a tree while he was riding a bike.
因为她太粗心了,当她在骑车的时候撞上了一棵树。
There was a loud knock on the door just now. 刚才有一声响亮的敲门声。
17. Usually they give us candies as a treat. 通常他们招待我们吃糖果。P40
give sb. a treat = treat sb. 招待某人
give sb. sth. as a treat = give sb. a treat of sth. 用某物招待某人
Mrs. Brown always treats her guests well. Brown太太总是把她的客人招待得很好。
18. If they do not give us a treat, we can play a trick on them.P40
如果他们不招待我们,我们就可以开他们的玩笑。
play a trick on sb. = have a joke with sb. 开某人的玩笑
Everybody likes playing tricks on others on April the first.
每个人都喜欢在四月一日开别人的玩笑。
19. My friends and I always dress up at Halloween. P40
我的朋友和我在万圣节总是打扮一下。
20. We wear special costumes with masks. 我们穿带面具的特殊服装。P40
21. Sometimes we paint our faces and people do not know who we are. P41
有时候,我们涂花我们的脸这样人们就不知道我们是谁了。
本句中的“who we are”是一个疑问句充当宾语从句,当疑问句作宾语从句时,需把该疑问句变成陈述句的顺序。
Who knows where he is? 谁知道他在哪儿?
Can you tell me where I can buy this dictionary?
你能告诉我在哪儿能买到这本字典吗?
22. This year, I will wear a tiger costume. 今年,我将穿一身老虎服。P41
23. We make our own special pumpkin lanterns for Halloween. P41
我们为万圣节制作我们自己特殊的南瓜灯。
We made a lantern out of a pumpkin. 我们用一只南瓜做了一只灯笼。
24. We cut out some shapes to make the eyes, the nose and the sharp teeth. P41
我们切除一些形状来制作眼睛,鼻子和尖利的牙齿。
= We cut out some shapes for the eyes, the nose and the sharp teeth.
25. My family always have a party on the evening of October 31st. P41
我的家人总是在10月31日晚上举行一个聚会。
26. We eat a lot of special Halloween chocolates and candies. P41
我们吃许多特殊的万圣节巧克力和糖果。
27. Happy Halloween! 万圣节快乐!P41
常用节日问候语有:Happy New Year! 新年快乐!Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐!
其答语一般用:The same to you. 你也是。
Grammar
Prepositions of time 表示时间的介词。
(1) at 用在“点钟”、“吃饭时间”、“节日”、“年龄”前。
e.g. at 7:15; at breakfast; at Easter; at (the age of ) 15
(2) on 用在“星期”、“日期”、“某天的早、午、晚”前。
e.g. on Sunday morning; on 1st May; on the afternoon of Sep.10th
(3) in 用在“早、午、晚”、“月份”、“季节”、“年份”、“某年某月”前。
e.g. in the afternoon; in January; in spring; in July; in May 2003
Asking ‘Wh-’ questions 特殊疑问句
(1) 基本构成: 疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词。
(2) 疑问词有: what / which / who / whose / when / what time / where / why / how / how many 等。
(3) 具体用法见下表:
what 对行为和事物提问,如:What are they talking about? 他们在谈论什么?
which 对特定的人或事物提问,如;Which boy is your cousin?
who 对人称提问,如:Who is the man over there?
whose 对人称所有格提问,如:Whose are these pens on the desk?
when 对笼统时间提问,如:When is your birthday?
what time 对具体时间提问,如:What time do you have lunch?
where 对地点提问,如:Where are you from?
why 对原因提问,如:Why are you often late for school?
how 对行为方式提问,如:How do you go to school?
对程度行为提问,如:How is he at basketball?
how far 对距离提问;how long 对 长短提问; how many times 对次数提问; how many/how much 对数量提问。
Using some / any. some 和 any 的用法:
1. 共同点:
some 和 any 都 有“一些”的意思,都是既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词。
e.g. There are some books on the desk.
There is some water in the glass.
There aren’t any oranges in the shop.
2. 不同点:
① some 用于肯定句中;any 用于否定句中。
② 在疑问句中,表示疑问语气时,用any
e.g. Is there any milk in the bottle?
表示说话人征求对方意见或希望得到肯定答复时,用some
e.g. Would you like some tea?
Can I have some bananas?
1. I’m going to see the doctor at three o’clock this afternoon. P45
我打算下午三点去看医生。
be going to 打算、将要计划好做某事,表达的是将要进行的动作。
will 只表示将要发生的动作,无计划性。
2. Where are you going on holiday? 你去哪里度假?P48
on holiday 度假
Integrated Skills
1. Traditional Chinese food 传统中国风味的食品
2. Lion dance 舞狮子。
3. I’m on holiday in New York. (P51) 我在纽约度假。 be on holiday 在度假
e.g. All the students are on holiday in summer.
所有的学生夏天都在休假。
5. It is my first time to see it and I am very excited.
这是我首次观看舞狮子,所以我很兴奋。
be excited 兴奋的
e.g. When he hears from me, he will be excited.
当他收到我的来信,会很兴奋的。
Study Skills
1. Making flash card. 制作学习卡片。
2. Draw a picture about the sentence, the question or the expression on the other side of the flash card.
在学习卡片另一面画一些图画作为提示。
on the other side of… 在……另一边
e.g. There is a factory on the other side of the river.
河对面有一家工厂。
3. Look at the picture for a few seconds and try to remember the sentence, the question or the expression on the other side of the card.
用几分钟的学习时间来看这些卡片,努力记住卡片上的句子、问题和表达。
try to remember… 努力记住…
e.g. He tries to draw a beautiful horse on the blackboard.
他努力在黑板上画一匹美丽的马。
Main Task
1. People in the West celebrate it. 西方人庆祝它。
in the West 在西方
in the East / North / South 在东方/北方/南方
2. People celebrate Halloween in many ways.
人们以许多方式来庆祝万圣节。
in many ways 用许多方式
way 方式、方法,常与介词in 连用。
e.g. in the same way 用同样的方式
3. They put candles in them so the light shines through the eyes, the nose and the teeth.
他们把蜡烛放在里面,于是光从眼睛、鼻子和牙齿里射出来。
put … in / into … 把…放进…里
through 介词,“通过”、“穿过”
7A Unit 4
1.Let’s have a hamburger. 让我们吃个汉堡包吧。(P58)
“Let’s”是“Let us”的缩写形式,其后接动词原形(即省去to的动词不定式)。以“Let’s”开头的句子为祈使句。例如:
Let’s go fishing.让我们去钓鱼吧。
Let’s play badminton. 让我们打羽毛球吧。
2.I need a lot of energy. 我需要许多能量。(P58)
(1)句中的need作动词,意为“需要”。例如:
Do you need my help?你需要帮助吗?
I don’t need any money.我不需要钱。
need还可作情态动词,常用于否定句。例如:
---Must I finish the work today?---No, you needn’t.
——我必须今天完成这项任务吗?——不必。
(2)a lot of = lots of 意为“许多、大量的”,相当于many或much。例如:
He has a lot of friends here. = He has many friends here.他这儿有许多朋友。
Her parents have a lot of money. = Her parents have much money.她父母亲很有钱。
3.You never exercise. 你从来不锻炼。(P58)
(1) never是副词,意为“永不,从不,决不,从未,一点也不”。通常置于行为动词之前、be动词或助动词之后。例如:
We never go to school on Sundays.我们星期天从来不上学。
I am never late for work.我上班从不迟到。
I will never forget your birthday.我决不忘记你的生日。
(2) 句中的exercise 作动词,意为“锻炼”。例如:
My father exercises in the park every morning.我父亲每天早晨在公园锻炼。
exercise还可作名词,意为“锻炼”。例如:
We need enough exercise every day.我们需要每天锻炼。
4.I walk to my bowl many times a day. 我一天跑向我的饭碗好多次。(P58)
(1)句中的walk为不及物动词,walk to相当于go to … on foot,意为“步行去……”例如:
She walks to school every day.她每天步行上学。
walk也可作及物动词,意为“带……散步,带……遛弯”。例如:
She walks him every day. 她每天带他散步。(P28)
walk还可作名词,意为“散步,溜达”。例如:
I take my dog for a walk every day.我每天溜狗。(P14)
He often goes for a walk after supper.他经常晚饭后去散步。
(2) times意为“次数、倍数”,属可数名词。例如:
We have meals three times a day.我们一天吃三顿饭。
time也可作不可数名词,意为“时间”。例如:
We don’t have much time to chat with each other at school. 我们在学校没有多少时间相互聊天。
5. What is your favourite food? 你最喜爱的食物是什么? (P59)
They are my favourite.他们是我的最爱。(P59)
句中的favourite是形容词,意为“心爱的,最喜爱的”,修饰名词。例如:
What is your favourite colour? 你最喜爱的颜色是什么?
favourite也可作名词,意为“最喜爱的东西,最爱”。例如:
This song is one of my favourites.这首歌是我最喜爱的歌曲之一。
6.I want to be a dancer. 我想要当舞蹈家。(P60)
(1)want to be …意为“想要当/成为……”,want to do sth.意为“想要干某事”。例如:
My sister wants to be a teacher when she grows up. 我妹妹长大后想要当教师。
I want to go shopping this afternoon. 今天下午我想要去购物。
(2)dancer是由动词dance加后缀-er变化而来的。例如:
Wait-waiter; play-player; work-worker, teach-teacher;
drive-driver; write-writer;
swim-swimmer; run-runner;
7.It’s easy for me to get tired when I dance. 我跳舞时很容易疲劳。(P60)
(1)该句的句型结构为“It is adj. for sb. to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说…”, it为形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式to do sth.。因此,原句可改写为:To get tired when I dance is easy for me。例如:
It is important for us to read English every day.= To read English every day is important for us.
It’s not easy to learn English well.= To learn English well is not easy.
It’s great fun to play computer games.= To play computer games is great fun.
(2)句中的get为连系动词,与tired构成系表结构。例如:
The young man looks so cool.这位小伙子看上去很酷。
I feel happy to be with you.跟你在一起我很开心。
The cake tastes delicious.这蛋糕偿起来很好吃。
I feel hungry. I want to have some bread.我感到饿了,想吃些面包。
I feel tired after swimming.游泳后我感到疲劳。
8.I usually have fruit and vegetables because I want to be healthy. 我通常吃水果和蔬菜,因为我想健康。(P60)
because是连词,后接表示原因的状语从句;because of后接表原因的词或短语。例如:
I like my classroom because it is big and clean. 我喜欢我的教室,因为它既大又干净。(P24)
I don’t like the mooncakes because they are too sweet.我不喜欢月饼,因为太甜了。
He can’t play football any more because of his poor leg.由于可怜的的那条腿,他不感再踢足球了。
9.After class, I also like playing computer games and chatting with my friends on the Internet.课后我也喜欢玩电脑游戏和在网上与朋友聊天。(P60)
also是副词,意为“也”,与too同义,但also一般置于行为动词之前、be动词或助动词之后;too一般置于句末。例如:
She is also from America.= She is from America, too.
I also like singing.= I like singing, too.
either也可表示“也”,但通常用于否定句, 一般置于句末。例如:
We don’t go to school on Sundays. They don’t go to school on Sundays, either.
10.It's time for me to change now. 我现在该改变了。P60)
此句型为It's time for +名词/代词+to+动词原形,是一个常用的句型,意为“某人该做某事了;某人做某事的时间到了;是某人做某事的时候了。”例如:
It's time for the students to play games. 学生们该做游戏了。
It’s time for us to go to school. 我们该上学了。
这一句型也可用下列句型:
(1)It's time for+名词。例如:
It’s time for class.该上课了。
It's time for lunch. 是吃中饭的时候了。
(2)It's time to+动词原形。例如:
It's time to go to school.= It's time for school. 该去上学了。
It's time to have supper.= It's time for supper. 是吃晚饭的时候了。
11.I plan to go swimming twice a week. 我计划一周游泳两次。(P60)
(1)go swimming意为“去游泳”。go+V-ing结构表示去进行带有娱乐性的体育活动。例如:
go running去跑步
go shopping 去买东西
go fishing去钓鱼
go skating去溜冰
(2)twice意为“两次,两倍”。例如:
Amy goes to the Swimming Club three times a week. Amy一周去游泳俱乐部三次。(P64)
对twice a week,three times a week等提问时,用How often。例如:
How often does Amy go to the Swimming Club?
12. How much do you know about food? 关于食物你知道多少?(P63)
(1)How much常用来对不可数名词的数量提问,也可用于询问价钱,还可询问抽象名词或表示事物总称的名词的数。例如:
How much milk do you need?
How much do you know about their school?
How much is the chicken?
(2)若对可数名词的数量提问,通常用how many。例如:
How many people are there in your family?
13.How often do they exercise? 他们多长时间锻炼一次?(P64)
How often常用于对频率的提问,意为“多长时间一次”,其答语通常是once a week, three times a month, sometimes等表示频的副词及短语。例如:
---How often do you go to see your parents?---Twice a month.——你过多久去看你父母亲一次?——一月一次。
---How often does your cousin play computer games? ---Three times a week.——你表弟多长时间玩一次电脑游戏?——一星期三次。
---How often do you go fishing?---Never, but my father does once a week.——你过多久去钓一次鱼?——从不,不过我父亲每周去一次。
14.Daniel spends all his free time sitting in front of the computer. Daniel把所有的业余时间都花在电脑前面。(P64)
此句型为spend some time (in) doing sth.,意为“某人花费……时间干某事”,spend后接动词,介词in可省略;spend后接名词时,用句型spend some time on sth.,意为“某人在某事方面花费……时间”。例如:
I usually spend about an hour doing my homework every day. = I usually spend about an hour on my homework every day. 我每天通常花半个小时做家庭作业。
He spends fifteen minutes walking to school.他花15分钟步行上学。
也可用it takes sb. some time to do sth.这一句型,意为“某人花费……时间干某事”。例如:
It takes half an hour to cook.要花半个小时做饭。
上面的两个例句可分别改写为:
It usually takes me about an hour to do my homework every day.
It takes him fifteen minutes to walk to school.
15.You are not fit at all.你一点也不健康。(P69)
(1)at all意为“一点也(不)”,常与not连用,构成句型not…at all。例如:
I’m not tired at all.
---Are you hungry?---Not at all.
not与at all连在一起,用来表示“答谢”。例如:
---Thank you.--- Not at all. (=You’re welcome.)
(2)句中的fit是形容词,意为“健康的,结实的”,相当于healthy。例如:
If you want to keep fit, you should take more exercise.
16.Congratulations! 祝贺你(们)!(P65)
Congratulations是名词,常用复数形式,其后可接to sb.或on doing sth.,意为“向(某人)祝贺(某事)”。例如:
Congratulations to you on winning the match.
Congratulations on your success(成功).
17.I like hamburgers but I don’t eat them any more.我喜欢汉堡包,不过我不再吃了。(P70)
not…any more意为“不再……”。例如:
I won’t be late any more.我再也不迟到了。
He doesn’t play computer games any more.他再也不完电脑游戏了。
18.Good luck with your new diet and lifestyle. 愿新的日常饮食几生活方式为你带来好运(成功)。(P70)
(1)luck是名词,意为“运气、幸运”。例如:
He always has good luck.他总很走运。
I wish you luck. 祝你幸运。
(2)若表示“祝(你)好运;祝(你)顺利;祝(你)平安!”,则表达为:Good luck!
Good luck 后接人时用 Good luck to sb.,Good luck后接sth.时用Good luck with sth. 例如:Good luck to you!
Good luck with your English!
要点解析
1. Let’s have a hamburger. 我们吃个汉堡包吧。
Let’s 是Let us的缩写,意为“让我们”,表达一种建议。
Let’s go to school. 我们去上学吧。
2. You’re always hungry, Eddie. 埃迪,你总是很饿。
Be hungry, 意为“饥饿”。
Tom needs a hamburger. He is hungry. 汤姆要一个汉堡包,他饿了。
3. I need a lot of energy. 我需要大量的能量。
a lot of 意为“许多”,相当于many或much, 可修饰不可数名词,也可以修饰可数名词。
I have a lot of apples. 我有许多苹果。
At Mid-Autumn Festival, we eat a lot of nice food. 在中秋节我们吃很多美食。
energy 为不可数名词,用a lot of, lots of 或much 修饰。
4. What about + n / doing 表达一种建议。
What about Sunday?
What about going fishing.
5. I want to be a dancer. 我想成为一名舞蹈演员。
want to be, 意思是“想成为”。
Kitty wants to be Daniel’s friend. 基蒂想成为丹尼尔的朋友。
I want to be a teacher when I grow up. 我长大了想当一个老师。
6. It is important for a dancer to be healthy. 对一个舞蹈演员来说,健康是重要的。
“It is important for someone to do something” 意为“做某事对某人很重要”。
It is important for us to learn English 学英语对我们来说很重要。
It is important for us to keep healthy. 保持健康对我们来说很重要。
7. Now, I always eat an apple for breakfast… 现在,早餐时我总是吃一个苹果……
eat… for breakfast / lunch / dinner, 意思是“早/午/晚餐吃……”。
I often have noodles for breakfast. 我早餐常吃面条。
I always eat hamburgers for lunch. 我午饭总是吃汉堡包。
8. After class, I also like playing computer games and chatting with my friends on the Internet.课后我还喜欢玩电脑游戏,与朋友在因特网上聊天。
chat with sb. 意思是“与某人聊天”,也可说have a chat with sb.
I often have a chat with my friends on the telephone. 我常在电话里跟朋友聊天。
9. I do not eat fast food any more. 我不再吃快餐了。
not… any more = not… any longer, 意思是“不再”。= He is not a child any longer. 他不再是个孩子了。
10. twice a day 一天两次。
“一次”once,“两次”用twice, “三次以上”用基数词或相当于数词的代词加times。
three times a day. 一天三次。
many times a day. 一天许多次。
11.① 名词复数的规则变化 (书 Page 61)
② 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的。
man — men woman — women
child — children sheep — sheep
③ 表示国籍的名词,有的在词尾加-s,表示该国的人,如an American—three Americans;有的单、复数形式相同,如a Chinese — four Chinese等。
12. 频度副词
副词按意义分类可分为方式副词、地点副词、时间副词。often等词属于时间副词中表示频率的副词,称为频度副词。
1)频度副词按照其发生频率由高到低排列如下:
always usually often sometimes seldom never
频率高 频率低
(100) (0)
2)频度副词在句中的位置如下:
① 在第一个助动词或情态动词(及not)之后。
I will always remember this. 我将永远记住这件事。
② 在单个be动词之后。
He’s often busy. 他经常很忙。
③ 在单个实义动词之前。
He never eats hamburgers. 他从不吃汉堡包。
④ 频度副词用来加强语气时,可放在句首或句尾,often在句尾时常被very或quite修饰。
Sometimes we go by ship. 有时我们坐船去。
But I walk sometimes. 但有时我步行。
He writes to me quite often. 他常给我写信。
⑤ 对频率副词提问用“How often”。
13. There be 句型的就近原则。
There be句型中的be动词形式由最靠近它的名词决定。
There is a bottle of water and two apples in her bag.
14. What do we need to buy? 我们需要买什么?
need 意思是“需要”,这里是实义动词,而不是情态动词,因此后面动词前要加to。
We need to buy some vegetables. 我们需要买一些蔬菜。
I need to get a pair of shoes. 我需要买一双鞋。
15. less than three times a week. 一周不到三次
less than,意思是“不到;少于”,与more than相反。
less than two weeks. 不到两周。
more than three hours. 三个多小时。
16. You are not fit at all! 你一点都不健康!
fit = healthy 意思是“健康”,形容词。
keep fit 保持健康。
17. Do you feel better? 你感觉身体好点了吗?
better 是well的比较级。
He is now much better than before. 他的身体比以前好多了。
18. Good luck with your new diet, Ricky. 祝你新的饮食有好的效果,里基。
good luck with sth.
19. I like vegetables because they are good for me. 我喜欢吃蔬菜,因为它们对我身体有益。
be good for…意思是“对……有益”,be bad for 意思是“对……有害”。
Sweet snacks are bad for health. 甜零食对身体有害。
Eating fruit is good for your health. 吃水果对你的身体有好处。
20. There are no calories in water, so you can drink it without getting fat. 水中没有热量,所以你喝了不会发胖。
without 是“没有,不”的意思。
He often comes to school without having breakfast. 他常不吃早饭就来上学。
Li Lei can do his homework without his father’s help. 李雷没有他父亲的帮助也能完成家庭作业。
Fish can’t live without water. 鱼儿离不开水。
Unit 4 Food 精讲
学习内容
1. 学习使用频度副词 never, seldom , sometimes, often, usually, always的用法
2. 学习名词的复数形式
3. 学会使用不定冠词
4. 学习简单的用餐用语
5. 本单元应掌握的重点单词、短语和句子
重点难点
单词
Hamburger, vegetable, fruit, bread, meat, juice, water, story, tea, salt, tomato, soup, luck, need, exercise
Hate, change, feel, carry, mean, stay, taste
Hungry, tired important, healthy, sweet, fast , dry, favourite, large, fast, seldom, often
短语
Not….any more, a top student, of course, a glass of water, fast food, dried fish, ice cream, less than, not ….at all ,take in , twice a week
句子
I get tired when I dance.
It is important for a dancer to be healthy.
I changed my diet because I want to be healthier.
I always have a healthy meal for dinner.
I usually have bread for breakfast.
I seldom ate fruit and vegetables.
What do you need to buy?
It takes half an hour to cook.
How often do you exercise?
必背词汇
1.Healthy 健康的 如:
Fruit and vegetables are healthy food. 水果和蔬菜是健康食品。
Take care of yourself. I hope you are happy and healthy.照顾好你自己。我希望你健康快乐。
名词形式:health如:
Eating too much fried food is not good for your health.
吃过多油炸食物对你的健康不利。
2.Exercise
(1)作可数名词,意思是“练习、训练”如:
Our Maths teacher often asks us to do a lot of exercises.
我们数学老师经常让我们做很多练习。
Exercise-book练习本,exercises(复数)体操,morning exercises 早操
(2)作不可数名词,意思是“操练;锻炼”如:
Old people should not do much strong exercise.
老年人不应该做太多剧烈的锻炼。
(3)作动词,意思是“锻炼”。如:
It,s very useful to exercise regularly.
定期锻炼很有用。
3.Taste尝 如:
Please taste this soup.请尝一尝汤的味道。
尝起来….(连系动词,后接形容词)如:
It tastes sweet.这东西吃起来很甜。
味道 如:
Tae taste of the fish is very nice.这鱼的味道很不错。
4.Many times a day 一天许多次
这一结构为:次数+周期。如:
Once a week 一周一次
Twice a month一个月两次
Three times a year 一年三次
5.Fish鱼
在数量方面,fish单复数同形。如:a fish 一条鱼,two fish两条鱼。Fish也可以有复数形式fishes,但表示不同种类的鱼。
6.Get tired 感到疲劳
Get用作连系动词,译为“变得”“觉得”,与形容词tried一起构成系表结构,表达疲劳之意;也可以用be tired来表达此意。
另外,get/be tired 之后可加介词of ,表示“厌倦…”“讨厌….”.如:
Most pupils are tired of doing their homework.大多数小学生都不喜欢做家庭作业。
7.Not…any more不再…如:
I don’t eat sweet snacks between meals any more.我再也不在用餐之间吃甜食了。
Now he is not late for school any more.如今他上学再也不迟到了。
8.Mean意味着;意思是 如:
That means I take in about 2 000 calories every day.那就意味着我每天吸收2 000卡的热量。
I mean you should work harder from now on.我的意思是从现在起,你得更加努力地学习。
Mean to do sth. 打算做某事。如:
Do you mean to go there by air?你打算乘飞机去那儿吗?
Meaning意思 如:
What’s the meaning of your words?你的话是什么意思?
识记句型
1.I get tired when I dance.当我跳舞时,我感到很累。
这是一句带有时间状语多句的主从复合句。时间状语从句的引导词为when,意为“当…的时候”。如:
We like listening to music when we have a dinner.我们喜欢吃饭时听音乐。
2.It’s important for a dancer to be healthy. 对于一个舞蹈演员来说,健康是很重要的。
此句中含有动词不定式的复合结构:
It is +for… to do sth. 对…来说做某事…
其中for…to do sth。是动词不定式的复合结构,在句中是真正的主语,it 为形容主语。如:
it’s helpful for us to read English every day.
对我们来说,每天朗读英语是有帮助的。
3.How often do you exercise?你多长时间进行一次体育锻炼?
How often询问做某事的频率,回答可以是具体的间隔时间,也可以是表示频率的副词。如:
How often do you eat fruit and vegetables?
I eat fruit and vegetables every day.
How often do you walk to school?
I never walk to school.
How long询问做某事持续的时间,答语中的时间常用介词for 引出。如:
How long do you watch TV every night?
I watch TV for 2-4 hours every night.
4. it takes half an hour to cook.做饭要花半小时。
It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.这是一个固定结构,表示做某事要花费(某人)多少时间。如:
It takes my grandfather one hour to read newspapers every day.
我爷爷每天花一个小时看报纸。
It took us two hours to have the big meal last night.昨晚我们花了两个小时吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。
精讲语法
1. 副词
英语里表示频度“由少到多”“由低到高”的副词依次有:never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always.它们在句中通常放在连系动词、情态动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前。如:
I always eat an apple for breakfast我早饭总要吃一个苹果。
Millie is never late for class. 米莉上课从不迟到。
Simon often helps his mother in the garden.西蒙经常帮助妈妈在花园里干活。
2. 词的复数
名词复数的变化规则:
(1) 一般情况直接加s。(S在清辅音后读[S],在浊辅音和元音后读[Z])
如:books, pens , boys.
(2)以s, z, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es.(es读[Iz])
如:buses , boxes
(3)以“辅音+y”结尾的名词改Y为I,再加es.(es读[z])
如:babies
(4) 以f , fe结尾的名词改f, fe结尾的名词改f , fe为ves.(ves读[vz])
如:knives
(5)以o 结尾的名词一般情况加es,少数加s.(es 读[z];s读[z])
如:tomatoes, potatoes, pianos, kilos.
3. 不定冠词 a/an
(1)概述:a/an 常用于可数名词单数前,起泛指作用。
(2)用法:
A.表示数量“一个”.如:I have a brother and two sisters.
B. 表示“每一个”。如:we go home twice a week.
C. 表示“某一个”。如:a girl often comes to see them.
D. 表示一类人、物。如:This is a chair and that’s a desk.
E.用在习惯用语中。如: a lot of , have a talk, Have a rest, have a good time.
(3)说明:a用在辅音之前,如:a book, a useful book;
An用在元音之前,如:an “s” , an hour.
典型例题
例: Do you swim?
Twice a week.
A. How long B. How much C. How often D. How many
解析:疑问副词how 可以和不同的形容词或副词搭配,构成固定的疑问词组:how long“多长;多久”,通常对一段时间提问;how much“多少”,通常对修饰不可数名词前的定语提问,也可以询问“价格”“时间”等;how many“多少”,是对可数名词前的数词进行提问;how often“多久”,通常是对周期性的时间状语提问。
浏览题干及选项,应答部分显然是个周期性的时间状语。
答案C。
例2.
(1)One morning he found a bag . There was “s” on the corner of bag.
(2)There is egg on the table. egg is for you .
A. a; a(A)
B. a; the(The )
C. an; an(An)
D. an; the (The)
解析:在上下文中如果同一个人或物反复出现几次,第一次提到时用不定冠词;以后重复出现则表示特指,用定冠词。不定冠词an用在元音音素开头的名词或词组之前。
答案:D;D
7A Unit 5
1. I want you to go shopping with me today.今天我想要你和我一起去购物。(P74)
此句型为want sb. to do sth.,意为“想要某人干某事”,want是及物动词,to do sth.为动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如:
He wants me to help her with her maths.他想要我在数学方面帮助她。
want还可接名词或动词不定式作宾语,即want sth.或want to do sth.。例如:
She wants a pair of jeans.她想要一条牛仔裤。
I want to buy a lot of things.我想要买许多东西。(P70)
I want to see my parents this weekend.这个周末我想去看望我的父母亲。
2.I’m not free today.我今天没空。(P74)
free是形容词,意为“空闲的,有空的”。常与be (am, is are, was, were)动词连用。例如:
She is not free now.她现在没空。
Are you free this evening? 你今晚有空吗?
3.I need you to carry all the bags.我需要你拿所有的包。(P74)
(1)此句型为need sb. to do sth.,意为“需要某人干某事”,need是及物动词,意为“需要”,to do sth.为动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如:
He needs his parents to clean his bedroom.他需要父母亲打扫卧室。
need还可接名词或动词不定式作宾语,即need sth.或need to do sth.。例如:
I need a lot of energy. 我需要许多能量。(P54)
Do we need to buy some vegetables? 我们需要买些蔬菜吗 ?(P62)
(2)carry意为“搬运、随身携带”,还含有“肩挑、手提”的意思。例如:
Could you help me carry the box? 请你帮我拿这个箱子,好吗?
bring和take也有“拿、带”的意思,但用法各不相同。
bring意为“拿来、带来”,指把某物或某人从别处带到说话处。例如:
You must finish reading the magazine this evening and bring it here tomorrow.你必须今天晚上看完这本杂志,明天把它带到这儿来。
Your cousin asked me to bring you a birthday present. 你表哥让我给你带来一件生日礼物。
take意为“拿去、带去”,指把某物或某人从说话处带到别处去,它与bring所表示的方向相反。例如:
Take away this empty bottle, and bring me a full one,please.把这个空瓶拿走,请给我拿个满的来。
4.Can I help you? 你想要点什么?(76)
What can I do for you?我能帮你忙吗?(76)
Can I help you? 与What can I do for you?两者可用来询问别人是否需要服务或提供帮助,意为“要我帮忙吗?”,在不同的场合表达不同的意义。例如:在图书馆,图书馆管理员对你说Can I help you?或What can I do for you?,表示:“您要借书吗?”在商店,营业员对顾客说,表示“您想要买点什么”。
Can I help you? 还可表达成:Could I help you? 或May I help you?,这两者在语气上要比Can I help you?更加客气、委婉。
5.I’m looking for some football cards and stickers of Huanghe Football Team. 我在找些足球卡片和黄河足球队的贴花纸。(P76)
look for意为“找,寻找”。例如:
He is looking for his comic book.他在找他的连环画。
She is looking for her mother.她在找她母亲。(P89)
6. There are some cards and stickers over here.那儿有些卡片和贴纸。(P76)
over here意为“在这儿,在这边”,在句中可作状语。over here也可在句中作表语、定语。例如:
My car is over here.我的车在这儿呢。(表语)
You can ask the man over here.你可以问问这边的那个人。(定语)
Please put your school things over here.请把你的学习用品放在这儿。(状语)
7. Take a look.看一看(P76)
take a look 相当于have a look,意为“看一看”。若表示“看一看某物”时,则后跟介词at,表达为:take a look at…或have a look at…。例如:
Take a look at her hair clips. How lovely! 看一看她的发夹,多漂亮啊!
Let me have a look at your new watch, please. 请让我看一看你的新手表。
8. How much do the cards cost? 卡片多少钱?(76)
(1)how much可用来询问价格、价钱,或对不可数名词的数量提问。例如:
How much is your CD? It’s ten yuan.你的CD多少钱?10元。
How much does the Walkman cost? It’s about 120 dollars.这个随身听多少钱?大约120元。
(2)cost是动词,意为“花费”,其主语为物,后接表示“金钱”的名词作宾语。例如:
This teddy bear costs twenty yuan.这只玩具熊20元。
表示“某人花钱干某事”,用spend的句型,其主语必须是人,动词用-ing形式。
He spent two hundred yuan buying this watch.他买这块手表花了200元。
spend后接名词时,用介词on。“他买这块手表花了200元。”这句也可表达成:
He spent two hundred yuan on this watch.
spend还可表示“某人花时间干某事”,这时用句型(人)spend some time on sth / doing sth.。例如:
She usually spends half an hour on English.
You mustn’t spend too much time playing volleyball.
也可用句型It takes sb. some time to do sth. 表示“干某事花某人多少时间”。例如:
It usually takes her half an hour to read English.读英语花费她半小时。
It usually takes me more than two hours to do homework.家庭作业通常花我两个多小时。
9. I want to buy a present for my friend. (P76)
buy意为“买”,表示“给某人买某物”时,可用句型buy sb sth,也可用give sth for sb。因此原句也可表达为:I want to buy my friend a present.。例如:
I also want to buy a CD for her.= I also want to buy her a CD .我也想给她买个CD。(P76)
I don’t have enough money to buy her a CD then.我没有足够都的钱给她买CD了。(P76)
Maybe you can buy him a football in the sports shop.= Maybe you can buy a football for him in the sports shop.也许你可以在体育用品商店给他买个足球。
10. I’m sure you can find some nice clips for your friend. (P76)
(1)find意为“找到、发现”。例如:
She can’t find her mother. 她找不到她母亲。
(2)look for 和find 都有“找”的意思。但look for强调找的动作,find强调找的结果。例如:
What are you looking for? My bag. But I can’t find it. 你在找什么?我的包,但我找不到。
He is looking for his little dog, but he can’t find it. 他在找他的小狗,但他没找到。
(3)find与find out
find通常指找到或发现具体的东西,也可指偶然发现某物或某种情况。例如:
I looked for my pen here and there, but didn’t find it.我到处找我的钢笔,但没找到。
find out意为“找出、发现、查明”,多指通过调查、寻问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”,通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义,指找出较难找到的、无行的、抽象的东西。例如:
Please find out when the train leaves.请查一下火车什么时候离站。
11. They match her favourite T-shirt.他们与她的T恤相配。(P76)
match为动词,意为“适合,(与……)想配”,相当于go well with。例如:
This pair of boots matches my jeans.这双靴子配我的牛仔裤。
Match还可作名词,意为“比赛”。例如:
I like watching football matches very much.我非常喜欢看足球比赛。
12. I don’t have enough money to buy her a CD then.我没有足够都的钱给她买CD了。(P76)
(1)句中的enough是形容词,用来修饰名词,enough修饰名词时可以置于名词的前面,也可置于名词的后面。例如:
We haven’t got enough apples for so many people.=We haven’t got apples enough for so many people.我们没有足够的苹果供这么多人吃。
(2)enough也可做副词,用来修饰形容词或副词,这时enough应放在所修饰的形容词或副词的后面。例如:
I’m not tall enough to reach the basket. 我不够高,够不着篮球架。
The boy is old enough to go to school.这男孩年龄够大了,可以去上学。
Beibei ran fast enough to catch up with her mum.贝贝跑得够快的,能赶上她妈妈。
(3)enough还可作名词。例如:
Would you have some more rice? No, thanks. I’ve had enough.再吃点饭,好吗?不用了,谢谢。我已吃得够多的了。
13. Your Walkman looks great! 你的随身听看上去真棒!
look意为“看上去”,作连系动词,后面接形容词作表语。例如:
You look so beautiful in a blue dress.你穿上蓝裙子看上去很漂亮。
The children look very happy.孩子们看上去很开心。
14. I’m waiting for my turn.我在等待我的次序。(P81)
wait for one’s turn意为“等某人的次序”,turn是名词,意为“(依次)轮流,轮值”。例如:
It’s your turn to read. 轮到你读了。
We take turns to look after the sick.我们轮流照顾病人。
15. She is paying for her new shoes.她在付她新鞋子的钱。(P82)
pay for sth. 意为“付某物的钱”。例如:
You should pay for the things before you go . 你应该在走之前先付钱。
He didn’t pay for the coat and left.他没付大衣的钱就走了。
注意pay与spend,cost的区别。试比较他们不同的句型结构:
pay: 人 + pay + 钱 + for + 物。
人 + pay + 钱 + to do sth.。
spend: 人 + spend +钱 + on + 物。
人 + spend +钱 + doing sth.。
cost :物 + cost +人 + 钱。
因此,“这条连衣裙她花了100美元。”可表达为:
She paid 100 dollars for this dress.
She paid 100 dollars to buy this dress.
She spent 100 dollars on this dress.
She spent 100 dollars buying this dress.
This dress cost her 100 dollars.
16. Can we send them some stationery? 我们可以送给他们一些文具吗?(P85)
句型send sb sth,意为“送给/寄给某人买某物”,send意为“送给,寄”,send sb sth=send sth to sb。因此原句也可表达为:Can our school send some stationery to them? 例如:
She always sends her mother a card when Mother’s Day comes.母亲节到来时,她总是个她妈妈寄张卡片。
17. I’d like to buy a pair of football boots. (P85)
would like意为“想要”,相当于want,但比want语气婉转,常用于口语中。
(1)would like to do sth.意为“想要干某事”。例如:
She would like to go shopping with us.她想要与我们去购物。
(2)would like sth.意为“想要某物”。例如:
Would you like a glass of water? 你想要杯水吗?(P63)
I would like a pair of shoes.我想要买双鞋。
(3)would like sb. to do sth.意为“想要某人干某事”。例如:
My parents would like me to work hard at my lessons. I’d like a cup of tea.我想要喝杯茶。
I’d like to ask you some questions. 我想要问你一些问题。(P27)
What would you like to have? 你想要吃些什么?
18. Could I try them on? 我可以试穿一下吗?(P85)
try on意为“试穿/戴(衣、鞋、帽等)”,其后接代词做宾语时,代词应置于两词之间。例如:
Try on the coat before you buy it.在买大衣前先试穿一下。
This dress looks nice. Please try it on.这件连衣裙看上去很好看。请试穿一下吧。
19. …, there are always lots of people waiting for me to finish. ……,总是有许多人在等我完成。(P87)
wait for意为“等,等待”,for为介词,后接名词或代词的宾格。例如:
I’m waiting for my turn.我在等待我的次序。(P77)
They are waiting for him at the bus stop.他们正在车站等他。
Unit5 Go shopping 重要结构笔记
1. I don’t have any money.
2. Want you to go shopping with me/Want to buy a lot of things
3. I’m not free /busy.—Are you free?
4. .quite expensive/cheap
5. Can I help you ?What are you looking for
6. Some football cards and stickers of the huanghe football team
7. just a minute =wait a moment
8.take a look=have a look=look (at)
9.how much do the cards cost? They cost …
=How much are they ? they are …
10.how much money can you spend ?I spend …on /doing …
11.she is paying for her new shoes. She is paying …for…
12. It take him half an hour to exercise every day.
13.there’s a discount on last year’s cards./ discount = a cut in price
=Last year’s cards are on sale.(打折)
14.I prefer to buy new cards
15.I prefer swimming to skating /prefer ==like ….better .
16. can you help me find a present for my friends ?
17.I’m sure you can find some beautiful clips .
18.I’d also like to buy a CD for her .
19. come and see these fancy hair clips./ .fancy ==with bright colours
20. they match her favourite T---shirt. match ==go well with
21. I don’t have enough money to buy her a CD then.
22. never mind (doing sth ) ! I’ ll buy the clips.
23.clothes shop / sports shop /shoe shop/ an electrical shop /.over here
24 .buy the same things as(反:be different …from)
25 many vegetables /walkmans/mangoes/tomatoes/potatoes/knives/shelves/stories
much beef / rice/bread/meat/salt/tea/soup/orange juice/Coke/water/pork/chicken
26.there’s a big new shopping mall near my school
there’re restaurants on the top floor ./ five floors of shops
there’s food and drinks on the first floor 30.
27. It opens/closes(v) from …to.. =It is open/closed(adj) from…to…
28. go to the cinema/ a computer games center
29.现在进行时:表示正在进行或发生的动作。
构成: 主语。。。be (am /is/are) …v-ing
时间状语:now/ at present/at the moment/right now/these days/ look/listen
现在分词;(p78)lie-lying run-running shop-shopping swim-swimming
come-coming chat-chatting get-getting sit-sitting stop-stopping plan-planning
30.Are you studying at the moment?
31. My cousin is visiting me
She is having a stomach ache
I’m calling 110 for help/ please call us on the phone
. the policemen are helping the woman into the car now
she is crying with her hands on her stomach.
32. I am waiting for my turn(c)/It’s his turn to wash them.
33. I cannot take him shopping
34. play with him
35. I like it best ==it is my favourite
36. there are lots of people waiting for me to finish(doing sth).
37. the mall is a really fun place to go/meet friends.69.
38.stand outside a toy shop/ inside the shop next door
39. ask us to stay late(待到很晚)/stay up late (熬夜)
40. show her my new computer game=show … to her
41. borrow a video from the library
42. need some help(n) with my homework
Need you to carry all the bags./need something to eat
43. I can’t hear you well
44. can you say it again ?
45. spend your pocket money(零花钱)
46. help the poor(穷人)
47. the children from/in the poor area(s) / children in need
48. have enough stationery to use
49. collect notebooks and writing paper
50.see an advertisement in the newspaper
51 send them some stationery=send…to them…
52. raise some money for them/donate some money to them
53. buy a new pair of football boots for him
54. what size are your feet?=what’ the size of your feet?
55 I’m a size eight
56. Could I try them/it on ?
57. they fit me very well
58. Do you have a cheaper pair?
59.how to remember words
60.notes about the shopping mall
61.good location / at the taxi rank
62. It’s very easy to find (it+adj+to do sth)
63. this is great for girls/this is good for girls.
64. I think the mall needs some more (肯)
I don’t think the mall needs some more(否)
65. eat different kinds of food from different country.
7A Unit 6
1.I don’t know what to wear today, Hobo. 霍波,我不知道今天穿什么?
句中的to加动词原形被称为“动词不定式”,可以和疑问词what, when, how, when, where等连用,构成动词不定式短语。如:
I don’t know how to get to the post office. 我不知道如何到邮局。
Can you tell me when to watch the film? 你能告诉我什么时候看这部电影吗?
Where to go is a big problem. 去哪里是个大问题。
2.I can spend ten more minutes in bed then. 那么我可以再睡十分钟。
spend意为“花费(时间或金钱)”
spend…doing…花费(时间或金钱)做…,在指花费金钱做某事时,可以和cost和pay相互转换。如:
I spend ten Yuan buying the comic book. 这本漫画书花了我十块钱。
I paid ten Yuan for the comic book.
The comic book cost me ten Yuan.
还有一个结构是It takes somebody sometime to do something.可以和spend结构互相转换。
3.We wanted to raise money for Project Hope. 我们想为希望工程募集资金。
want to do sth希望做某事
Project Hope希望工程
4. Today we are going to show you clothes from the 1970s to the 1990s.
今天我们要向你们展示20世纪70年代的服装。
“定冠词+年代的阿拉伯数字+ s/s’表示年代。如:
1970s/1970’s 20世纪70年代(指1970-1979这十年间)
1990/199’s 20世纪70年代(指1990-1999这十年间)
5. His clothes are from the 1980s. 他穿着二十世纪八十年代的服装。
1980s 二十世纪八十年代
6. He looks very colourful. 他看起来色彩鲜艳。
look作“看起来”或“看上去”讲时,作系动词,后面常常用形容词。如:
Daniel looked smart and modern.
学过的类似的动词有:taste尝起来。如:
Sichuan hotpot tastes spicy.
7 Can you guess when my clothes are from?
你能猜出我的服装出自什么年代吗?
8 Look, here comes Simon.
看Simon来了。
这里是here开头的倒装句。
9 Look, how beautiful Sandy is!
看, Sandy多么漂亮啊!
10 You look cool in white trousers and yellow and red tie.
你穿白色裤子,系红色相间的领带,看上去很酷。
这里in表示“穿着;戴着”。如:
The man in a red T-shirt is my English teacher.
那个穿着红色的T恤的男子是我们英语老师。
11 She wants me to wear trains because she thinks they don’t make my feet hot.
她希望我穿运动鞋,因为她认为运动鞋不会使我的脚发热。
12 First, the colour of the T-shirt is white because I think this colour makes the T-shirt look clean and it will go well with any other colour.
首先,T恤是白色的,因为我觉得这个颜色使T恤看上去干净,而且它便于与其他颜色搭配。
13 They must be light and comfortable.
它们一定又轻便又舒服。
这里的must表示肯定猜测,意思是一定。
14 How’s your poster going, Sandy?
你的海报进展如何,Sandy?
这里go 意思是“(事情)进展,进行”。如:
How’s it going?近况如何?
15.What’s the bag made of? It’s made of leather. 这个包是由什么制成的?是皮制的。
be made of 意为“由......制成的”。
当只经过物理变化,我们能明显看出制成这样东西的原料时,使用该短语。
如:The racket is made of plastic. 这个拍子是塑料的。
be made from
当经过化学变化,我们不能明显看出制成这样东西的原料时,使用该短语。
如:The kind of wine is made from grapes. 这种酒是葡萄做的。
7AUnit 1
Comic strip (卡通漫画)This is me !
I love this e-dog.我非常喜欢这只电子狗。
★这里的e-dog意思是electronic dog。electronic可译为“电子的”。如:e-mail(电子邮件)。
How to look after your e-dog如何照料你的电子狗
★look after的意思是“照看,照料”。如:
(a)Look! Lily is looking after her little brother.看,丽莉正在照料她的小弟弟呢!
(b)Could you help me look after my cat?你能帮忙照料一下我的小猫吗?
Making friends at your new school在新学校交朋友
★make friends可译为“交朋友”。与某人交朋友可表达为:make friends with somebody
(a)Tom made many new friends in China.汤姆在中国结识了许多新朋友。
(b)I find it easy to make friends with Chinese people.我觉得跟中国人交朋友很容易
This is the first day at Beijing Sunshine Secondary School. The students are introducing themselves to each other. They are going to write about themselves.
这是北京阳光中学开学的第一天。学生们正在互相作自我介绍。他们要写自我简介。
Write about yourself for the class notice board.
写一段文字简单介绍一下自己,这份简介将张贴在班级布告牌上。
Welcome to the unit (导入)
A Meeting new friends
The students are starting school at Beijing Sunshine Secondary School and this is their first English lesson. They are introducing themselves to each other.北京阳光中学的学生们开学了。这是他们的第一堂英语课。他们正在互相作自我介绍。
B Greetings问候
B 1 Millie meets Kitty at the following times. What does Millie say to Kitty? Help Millie write the correct greetings under the picture.米莉在下列时间见到基蒂。米莉对基蒂说了些什么?帮米莉在图片下面写上正确的
1 Good evening.晚上好。
★此句是晚上见面时的问候用语。Good evening.的回答通常也是Good evening,
2 Good night晚安。
★此句是晚上道别时或临睡前的礼貌用语。
B2两人一组,跟你的伙伴打招呼,然后介绍你自己。用A部分中的句子和B1部分中的问
候语来帮你进行练习。
Reading (阅读)
A Welcome to Beijing Sunshine Secondary School
Page 8
米莉、西蒙、桑迪、基蒂、埃米和丹尼尔是北京阳光中学的新学生。让我们来认识他
I live in Beijnng.我住在北京。
★live在这里的意思是“居住”,不及物动词。如
(a)一Where do you live?你住在哪里?
一I live in Nanjing.我住在南京。
(b)We live on the fourth floor.我们住在四楼。
2 I like listening to music.我喜欢听音乐。
▲表示“喜欢做……”时,我们可以用like doing something,也可用like to do something或enjoy doing sth
(a)I like reading newspapers in the morning.我喜欢在早上看报纸。
(b)Children like to play games after school.孩子们喜欢在放学后做游戏。
(c)He enjoys playing computer games.(page 8)他喜欢打电脑游戏。
3 He wears glasses.他戴眼镜。
▲glass可以指“玻璃”(不可数名词)、“玻璃杯”(可数名词)、“眼镜”(只作glasses)。如
(a)Look at the window.The glass is broken.看这扇窗户,玻璃碎了。
(b)There are some glasses on the table.桌上有一些玻璃杯。
(c)Kitty does not wear glasses.(page 10)基蒂不戴眼镜。
B Getting to know the students
B1英语老师吴老师想要进一步了解学生。他们喜欢什么活动?帮他将正确的字母填在方框里。
B2吴老师正在描写他的学生。看下列句子,它们正确吗?在正确的句子后写T,错误的句子后面写F
C New classmates
C1米莉正在做关于她的新同学的记录。帮助她完成这些记录,用第8页上的资料帮助你。
C2写一份自我简介,完成下列句子。
Vocabulary (词汇)
A playing sport
今天米莉和她的同学在做什么?将正确的单词写在图片下。
B Sports and equipment
米莉上体育课的时间到了。同学们现在在哪儿呢?完成下面的句子。
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A米莉正在和她的新同学聊天。完成他们的对话。
Are you good at English,Mille? 米莉,你擅长英语吗?
▲be good at…的意思是“擅长……”。at是介词,后面应加名词或动词的ing形式。
They are good at drawing. 他们擅长绘画。
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B用方框内的单词帮米莉把下列句子补充完整。
1 I have breakfast at 7a.m.我早上七点钟吃早饭。
▲a.m.是“早上,中午之前”的意思,是一个缩略形式,美式英语写作A.M+它的对应词是p·m.(下午,午后)。如:
I usually go to school at 6.30 a.m.and go home at 5.00 p.m.
我通常早上六点半上学,下午五点回家。
2 I talk to my classmates at lunchtime.我在午餐时间和同学交谈。
▲talk在此作动词,意思是“讲话,谈话”。talk作动词,表示“谈论某事”时,可以用talk
about/of something;表示“同某人谈话”时,可以用talk to/with somebody。如:
I want to talk to you about this.我想和你谈谈这个问题。
talk作名词时,也表示“讲话,谈话”的意思,可以用于have a talk with somebody这种结构。
如
1 want to have a talk with her.我想和她谈一谈。
C吴老师想进一步了解他的学生,他让他们在下列表格中自己喜欢的活动下写下自己的名字。用表格中的信息回答问题。
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D 米莉在向丹尼尔打听班上的同学放学后都做些什么。用一般现在时完成丹尼尔的回答。
Does Amy walk home after school?埃米放学后走路回家吗?
▲walk是“步行,走路”的意思。“步行去某地”应用walk to…。因这里的home是副词,故省去了walk后面的to。如:;
(a)John's parents walk to the office every day.约翰的父母每天步行到办公室。
(b)We can walk to the park.It's not very far.我们可以走着去公园,离这儿不远:
▲after school的意思是“放学后”,类似的还有:after class“下课后”;after supper“晚饭
Sometimes my mother flies a kite with me in the park.有时;妈妈和我在公园里放风筝。
▲sometimes的意思是“有时”。 如:
(a)She is sometimes in Paris,sometimes in London.她有时在巴黎,有时在伦敦。
(b)He sometimes comes to see us.他有时来看我们。
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A1 Simon想写篇文章介绍他最喜欢的球星。他找到一篇关于李华的新闻稿。阅读下面的文章,并帮助西蒙在下面的便签上做一些有关李华的记录。
LiHua scores for Huanghe李华为黄河队得分
▲score在这里作动词,表示“得分’’的意思,还可用于短语score a goal。如
He is good at scoring goals.(page 16)他很擅长得分。
score也可作名词,意思是“分数”。如:
What's your score in the exam?你考试的分数是多少?
A2听关于李华的广播节目。帮西蒙完成A1部分的记录。
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A3 用第16页A1部分中的记录帮西蒙写篇介绍李华的文章。
He comes from Guangdong but now he lives in Beijing.他来自广东,但现在住在北京。
▲come from的意思是“来自……(地方);是……(地方)人”,也可以用be from来表达。
如:
(a)We all come from Beijing.(= We all from Beijing)我们都是北京人。
(b)The little boy comes from the USA.(= The little is from the USA.)
这个小男孩来自美国。
B丹尼尔和桑迪在谈论学校里他们最喜欢的足球运动员。以他们的对话为例,谈谈你最喜欢的足球运动员‘
Our school football team wins again.我们学校的足球队又赢了。
▲win的意思是“赢,获胜”,一般不以人为宾语。如果以人为宾语,一般用beat表示“击败”。
如
(a)We win the volleyball match many times.我们赢了好多次排球比赛。
(b)They beat us 4:3.他们以4:3击败了我们。
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A你今天把铅笔盒忘在家里了,得向你的同学借东西。练习说下面几句话。
Can I borrow your pen/pencil/ruler/rubber?我能借你的钢笔/铅笔/尺子/橡皮用一用吗?
▲borrow的意思是“跟……(人)借……(物)”,指“借进”,后面可接介词from。表示“把
……(物)借给……(人);’应该用lend,指“借出”,后面通常接to, 如:
(a)Can I borrow your bike?(Can I borrow a bike from you?)
我可以借一下你的自行车吗?
(b)You can borrow the book from the school library.你可以在学校图书馆借到这本书。
(c) I have no money.I can't lend ¥10 to you.我没有钱,不能借十块钱给你。
B下面的句子在英语课上很有帮助。练习说一说。
2 Excuse me.How do you say that in English?请问,那个用英语怎么说?
▲此句的意思还可以用What's that in English?来表达。
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A北京阳光中学的新同学正在写自我介绍。下面是米莉和丹尼尔的自我简介。
I have lots of friends at Beijing Sunshine Secondary Schoo1.我在北京阳光中学有许多朋友。
▲lots of的意思是“很多”,相当于a lot of,后面可跟可数名词或不可数名词。如:
(a)I have a lot of CDs.我有许多唱片。
(b)There's lots of sugar in the coffee.咖啡里有很多糖。
(c)There are lots of beautiful flowers in the tree.树上有很多美丽的花。
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B你也打算写一份自我介绍。首先用你自己的信息完成表格。然后写一份个人简历,并向全班同学介绍你自己。第19页上米莉和丹尼尔的简历以及表格中的信息都可以帮助你完成简历。
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A丹尼尔正在和妈妈谈论他学校里的新朋友。选择括号内正确的单词完成对话。
Your new friends sound great!你的新朋友听起来真棒!
▲sound在此作系动词,后面加形容词,意为“听起来”。如: It sounds quite good.听起来挺不错的。
类似sound这类后面可直接接形容词的动词还有:stay停留;look看起来;smell闻起来;taste尝起来,等等。如:
(a)Our English teacher looks young.我们的英语老师看上去很年青。
(b)The flowers smells sweet.花朵散发芳香。
B用正确的单词完成句子。
7A Unit2
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1 Is it time for breakfast7是吃早饭的时间了吗?
▲陈述句为:It's time for breakfast.句型it's time for的意思还可以用it’s time to do …来表。如:
(a)It's time for playing football.是踢球的时间了。
此句可以转化为:It's time to play football.
(b)It's time for English class.是上英语课的时间了
此句可以转化为:It's time to have English class.
2 Some dogs just don't know how to have fun.一些狗就是不懂得怎么玩。
▲have fun的意思是“嬉戏”,“娱乐”,fun为不可数名词。 fun有时也可以作形容词,意思是“有趣的,令人愉快的”。如:
(a)Swimming in the sea is great fun!在海里游泳是件很有趣的事。
(b)The game sounds fun.这个游戏听上去很有趣。 、
△米莉有个名叫汤米的新网友,她正在告诉他有关她新学校的事情。
△向你的网友讲讲你的学校生活,然后完成网友俱乐部网站的快乐图表。
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A下面是米莉的一篇日记。你也想写篇日记。将你的日常活动填人下面日记的各项内
Do morning exercises做早操
▲do exercise意思是“做运动”,也可说take exercise。如:
Do at least 30 minutes exercise every day.每天最少做30分钟运动。
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A米莉写了封邮件给她的新网友汤米。下面是她写的电子邮件。
1 Amy is my best friend.埃米是我最好的朋友。
▲best是形容词good的最高级。英语里多数形容词分为原级、比较级和最高级。如:
good好(原级)、better较好(比较级)、best最好(最高级)。最高级前一般要加the,但如果
前面有my等限定的词,就不用加the了。
(a)My English is good.My Maths is better.My Chinese is the best.
我的英语很好,数学更好,语文最好。
(b)English is my best subiect.英语是我学得最好的科目。
2 My favourite lessons are Chinese and English.我最喜欢的课程是语文和英语。
▲favourite是形容词,意思是“最喜爱的”,没有比较级和最高级。如:
What's your favourite sport?你最喜欢的运动是什么?
3 I spend about two hours a day doing my homework.我一天花大约两个小时做家庭作业。
▲spend…(in) doing something意思是“花(时间、钱)干某事”,后面的动词要用动词的
ing形式,in可以省略。同样的意思还可用spend…on something表达。如:
(a)I will spend 80 yuan buying books./I will spend 80 yuan on books.我要花80元钱买书。
(b)Millie spends 20 hours doing sports every week./Millie spends 20 hours on sports every week.米莉每周花20个小时做运动。
4 We must do some housework at home because we are all members of the family.
我们在家应该做一些家务,因为我们都是家庭中的成员。
5 We always have a good time at our school.我们在学校里总是很开心。
▲have a good time是一个固定词组,意为“过得开心,过得愉快”。类似的说法还有enjoy
oneself。如
(a)Look! They are having a good time in the park.看!他们在公园玩得多开心。
(b)Amy always enjoys herself in the Swimming Club.埃米在游泳俱乐部里总是过得很快乐。
6 Please e-mail me soon!请尽快给我发电子邮件!
▲e-mail在这里作动词,意思是“发电子邮件”。如:
Please e-mail me a new form.请发给我一份新的表格。
e-mail还可以作名词,表示“电子邮件”。如:
I get lots of e-mails everyday·我每天收到大量的电子邮件。
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B1米莉还想寄给汤米一些校园内务处的图片。帮她在图片下面写上正确的单词。
B2 米莉正在把她写给汤米的电子邮件给埃米看,但其中有一些单词埃米不认识。把左
▲send意思为“派、送、寄”。如:
(a)Please send a letter to me when you get there.请你到那儿就寄封信给我。
(b)If you need money, I will send some to you.如果你需要钱,我就给你送一些去。
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C汤米正和朋友谈起米莉的电子信件。在正确的句子后写T,错误的句子后写F.
Millie goes to the Reading Club twice a week.米莉一星期去读书会两次。
▲twice表示“两次、两倍”,once表示“一次”,三次以上用time表示次数。如
(a)I have seen the film three times.我已经看了三次这部电影了。
(b)I have practised reading this poem many times to improve my skill.
我已经练习读了这首诗许多次来提高我的技巧。
D汤米想知道米莉在学校里的作息活动时间。用第23页上的信息帮他在图片下填上活动的正确名称。
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A米莉正和埃米说着汤米喜欢的一些活动。在图片下面写上正确的动词。
B埃米的堂妹雪莉想知道埃米和她的朋友们放学后做什么。完成埃米和雪莉的对话。
My mum says we shouldn't watch too much TV.我妈妈说我们不应该看太多的电视。
▲should意思为“应该”,其否定形式shouldn't意思为“不应该”。如:
(a)You should do your homework first.你应该先做你的家庭作业。
(b)We shouldn't play too many computer games.我们不应该玩太多的电脑游戏。
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She walks him every day. 她每天带他出去遛遛。
▲walk后加某种动物,意思是“牵着(动物)走,溜”。如:
My mother often walks our dog in the morning.妈妈经常在清晨遛狗。
A1西蒙和丹尼尔在谈论他们班上的同学。在空白处填上正确的代词替代图片。
2 We play together all the time.我们总是在一起踢球。
▲all the time表示“一直、始终、总是”。如:
The baby is crying all the time.这个婴儿总是在哭。
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A2米莉有些关于学校生活的照片。她想把它们寄给汤米。帮助米莉在空白处填上正确的代词。
A3埃米正在给网友俱乐部写稿介绍她的朋友们。帮她完成这篇文章,在空白处填上正确的代词。
1 She is at the volleyball court from4.00p.m. to 5.00 p.m.她下午四点到五点在排球场。
▲from…to …意思是“从……到……”。如:
She can count from 1 to 100.她能从1数到100。
2 Then she meets up with Simon.然后她和西蒙见面。
▲meet up (with somebody)意思是“约见(某人)”。如:
(a)Let's meet up after school!放学后我们见个面。
(b)Mary often meets up with Tom after work.玛丽经常下班后和汤姆见面。
3 She is very busy and does not have much time to talk with her friends
她很忙,没时间和她的朋友交谈。
▲have(no) time to do something意思是“有/没有时间做某事”。
I have no time to watch TV.我没有时间看电视。
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B丹尼尔正在和他爷爷通电话。用正确的人称代词完成对话。
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Al七年级一班的学生要参加校方组织的旅游。读吴老师给米莉的留言条,并看看下
1 Please get some information about the China Space Museum,the China Science and Technology Museum and Beijing Zoo.
请你找一些有关中国太空博物馆、中国科技馆和北京动物园的信息。
▲information意思是“消息、信息、资料”,为不可数名词。“一条信息”为a piece of
information。如
(a)There is some good information about health on the Internet.
网上有一些好的健康方面的信息。
(b)There are five pieces of information on this page.在这页上有五条信息。
2 Every day except Monday除了周一,每天(开放)
▲except意为“除……之外”。如:
He usually goes to work on foot except when it rains.
除了雨天,他一般都走路上班。
此外需要注意except与besides的区别。试比较:
We all go to the party except him.除他以外,我们都去了晚会。(他没去)
We all go to the party besides him.除他以外,我们大家也都去了晚会。(他也去了)
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A2米莉想把资料交给吴老师,帮她完成下面表格的前四栏。
A3听广播节目,填写A2部分关于开放时间的信息。
A4米莉和班上的同学现在知道他们想去什么地方了。用A2部分表格中的信息帮米莉
成给吴老师的便条。
Dear Mr. Wu
Thank you for organizing the class trip .We would like to go to Beijing Zoo_in Xicheng Distric.
The price for each student is 5 Yuan. The Zoo is open from 7:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
We cannot go to The China Space Museum or The China Science and Technology Museum because their prices are too high and The China Science and Technology Museum is closed on Mondays.We are all looking forward to a great day out !
Millie
1 Thank you for organizing the class trip.感谢你组织这次班级旅行。
表thank somebody for doing something意思是“感谢某人做某事”。如:
Thank you for helping me.感谢你帮助我。
2 We would like to go to Beijing zoo in Xicheng District.我们想去西城区的北京动物园。
▲would like to do something意思是“想做某事”。如:
I’d like to show you a picture.我想给你看一张照片。
3 We are all looking forward to a great day out!我们都盼望着出去好好玩
▲look forward to(doing)something意思是“盼望着(干)某事”。如:
(a)I look forward to the holidays.我盼望着假期。
(b)He looks forward to seeing her again soon.他盼望着早日再次见到她
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B米莉和汤米在网上谈论她的学校生活。你也想告诉朋友们关于你的学校生活。以汤米和米莉的对话为例,两人一组做对话。
1 Millie,what do you think of your new school?米莉,你认为你的新学校怎么样?
▲What do you think of…意为“你认为……怎么样”。类似的说法还有How do you like
如
(a)What do you think of Nanjing?你认为南京怎么样?
(b)How do you like my new shoes?你认为我的新鞋子怎么样?
2 Don't worry.别担心。
▲worry意为“担心”,“发愁”通常与介词about搭配,表示“为某事或某人担心”。如
You don't have to worry about him你不必为他担心。
请以My School Life 为题写一篇短文,不少于50词。
My School Life
My school day starts at eight every morning. We do morning exercises first. Our lessons begin at 8:25. I eat lunch at school.
My favourite lessons are Chinese and English. I like Maths too. I like playing volleyball after class. I often practise with my classmates. I go to the Reading Club twice a week because I like reading very much. I always have a good time at my school.
A1我们经常通过问句来请求帮助。当问句能用“是”或“不是”来回答时,我们在问句结尾处用升调。
A2读A1部分的问题,正确地在句末使用升调。
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B1桑迪有时会弄不清“—(e)s”结尾的单词的不同发音。帮她找出不同之外。仔细听这些单词练习说一说。
B2桑迪想练习朗读以“(e)s’’结尾的单词。听并且说出这些单词结尾的发音是/s//z/或/iz/
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A米莉在填一份网友俱乐部网站的快乐图表。你也想写信给这个俱乐部。首先看看米莉的图表,然后看看下面表格中米莉的喜好和憎恶。
1 Millie's happiness chart米莉的喜好表
▲love意思是“爱”,在感情上比like强烈。如:
(a)We love our country.我们热爱祖国。
(b)My parents always tell me to love every body.我父母总是告诉我要爱所有的人。
▲like意思是“喜欢”、“爱好”,是普通用语,指对某人、某事持赞许的态度或发生兴趣,并积极参加活动。后接名词、代词、动词的ing形式或不定式作宾语。如:
(a)We all like English.我们都喜欢英语。
(b)I like going shopping on Saturdays.我喜欢周六去购物。
▲dislike意思是“厌恶”、“讨厌”。如:
(a)I dislike it when he lies.我讨厌他撒谎。
(b)Tom dislikes doing homework.汤姆不喜欢做家庭作业。
2 It helps us get ready for the day.它帮助我们为一天做好准备。
▲get ready for意思是“为……做准备”,后跟名词或代词,get ready to后跟动词原形。如
(a)My mother is getting ready for dinner.我妈妈在准备晚饭。
(b)Get ready to run.准备跑。
3 I can chat with friends and eat nice food.我能和朋友聊天,吃到好吃的食物。
▲chat with somebody意思是“与某人闲谈,聊天”。如
She likes to chat with her friends on the phone.她喜欢在电话里和她的朋友聊天。
4 1 love reading because 1 want to learn more about the world.
我爱看书是因为我想了解更多有关世界的知识。
▲learn about something意思是“学习、了解某事”。如:
(a)I am keen to learn about the town's history。我很想了解这个城镇的历史
(b)If you want to learn more about the universe,you can search the Internet,
如果你想知道有关宇宙的更多知识,你可以上网搜寻。
B完成你给网友俱乐部网站的快乐图表。增加一些活动。画上如A部分中的面部表情。
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C现在,完成你自己的喜好厌恶表格。和你班上的同学讨论其中的原因,然后写封电子邮件给你的网友。
I like some parts of the day and I dislike others.我喜欢一天的某些时候,不喜欢另外一些。
表some…others…表示“一些……其他的一些……”。others表示不确定的其他的、某些。如
After school some students do homework,some clean the classroom,others do after-school
activities.放学后一些学生做家庭作业,一些打扫教室,其他的人进行课外活动。
others前面加the,表示固定范围内的人或物中的“其他的,其余的”。如:
(a)He sat far away from the others in the room.他坐得离房间里的其他人很远。
(b)There are five bags on the ground. Two of them are Mrs. Brown's.The others are mine.
地上有五个袋子,其中两个是布朗夫人的,其余的是我的。
Page 37
A埃米和桑迪正在图书馆学习,但她们做英语家庭作业时遇到了困难。两人一组,将对话补充完整。
1 Can you tell me the answer to number two?你能告诉我第二题的答案吗?
▲the answer to意思是“……的答案”。类似用to的词组还有:
The key to the bike自行车的钥匙 the tickets to the film电影票
B人们每天做些什么?埃米和桑迪正在讨论这个问题。看图完成句子。某些单词可重复使用。
7A Unit 3 Let’s Celebrate
1. Let’s celebrate. 让我们一起庆祝吧。P38
celebrate: vt. & vi. Celebration n.
We celebrate New Year’s Day on January the first. 我们在一月一日庆祝元旦。
2. That’s not very interesting. 那不是太有趣。P38
interesting: a. (使人)感到有趣的 interested: a. (有趣的) interest: n. 兴趣
I’m interested in the interesting film. 我对那部有趣的电影有兴趣。
对……感兴趣的:have interest in sth. = be interested in sth.
Mr. Brown has great interest in / is interested in French food.
布朗先生对法国食品有浓厚的兴趣。
(开始)对……感兴趣:become interested in sth.
I became interested in English when I was only six years old.
当我六岁时我就开始对
3. I’m dressing up as a ghost. 我打算打扮成个鬼的样子。P38
dress up 打扮 dress up as sth. 打扮成……的样子
dress up in sth. 用……打扮 dress sb. 给某人穿衣服
get dressed 穿衣服
The boy always dresses up in a special costume at the party.
那个男孩在聚会上总是穿一身特殊的服装。
We’ll have guests today, please dress up. 今天我们会有客人,请打扮一下。
I could dress myself when I was only three years old.
当我只有三岁的时候,我就会自己穿衣服了。
Get dressed at once, because it’s time for you to go to school.
马上穿衣服,因为到了你上学的时间了。
4. OK, then I’ll dress up as Monkey King. 好吧,那么我将打扮成美猴王(孙悟空)。P38
5. Which is your favourite festival? 你最喜欢的节日是哪个?P39
= Which festival do you like best? = Which festival is your best?
6. The Class 1, Grade 7 students in the English Club are making a display about different festivals around the world. 参加英语俱乐部的七年级一班的学生们正在做一个关于世界各地不同国家的节日的展览。P38
make a display / show 做一个展出 a display of sth. 做一个……的展示
a display about sth. 做一个关于……的展示
around the world = all around the world = all over the world 世界各地
7. Each student has to make a poster showing his / her favourite festival.P38
每个学生都得做一张显示他/她最喜欢的节日的海报。
showing 是现在分词作定语,意思是“展示……的”。类似的情况还有:
The man working in the field is a farmer. 在地里干活的那个男人是个农民。
8. Millie is writing a list of festivals. Millie正在开列一张节日的清单。P39
write / make a list 开列清单 a list of sth. 一张……的清单
on the list 在清单上 a shopping list 一张购物清单
9. Replace the underlined words with your own ideas. P39
用你自己的想法替换下划线的语句。
replace A with B 用B替换A
10. Getting ready for Halloween. 为万圣节作准备。P40
get ready for sth. 为……作准备 get ready to do sth. 为做某事做准备
The boys are getting ready to take the test. 那些男孩们正在为参加考试作准备。
be ready for sth. 为……做好了准备 be ready to do sth. 为做某事做好了准备
Everybody is ready for the party. 每个人都为聚会做好了准备。
Are you ready to go for a ride? 你准备好了去骑车了吗?
get sth. ready 把某物准备好 be always ready to do sth. 乐于做某事
Everybody must get the food ready by himself or herself.
每个人都应该自己准备好食物。
Steven is always ready to help others. Steven乐于助人。
11. Millie received a letter about Halloween from her pen friend in the USA.P40
Millie收到了她美国笔友来的一封关于万圣节的信。
收到某人的来信:receive a letter from sb. = get a letter from sb. = hear from sb.
I hear from him once a week. 我一周收到一次他的来信。
12. Thank you for telling me about the Mid-Autumn Festival.P40
谢谢你告诉我关于中秋节的情况。
thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做了某事
thank sb. for sth. 因为某事而感谢某人
Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮助了我。
Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。
13. We have a special party on October 31st. 我们在10月31日举办一个特殊的聚会。P40
have a party = hold a party 举办聚会 at the party 在聚会上
the Party 中国共产党
How often do you have a party? 你们每隔多久举行个聚会?
14. What do you do for Halloween? 你万圣节干些什么?P40
你圣诞节给了他什么生日礼物?
What birthday present did you give him? = What present did you give him for birthday? = What did you give him as a birthday present?
15. We play a game called “trick or treat”. 我们玩一个名叫“不招待就使坏”的游戏。P40
play a game 玩游戏 名为……:called = named = with the name of
I have a e-friend with the name of Jacky. 我有一个名叫Jacky的网友。
16. We knock on people’s doors and shout “trick or treat”.P40
我们敲着人们的门并且大叫“不招待就使坏”。
knock on / at sth. 敲击某物 knock A into B 把A敲进B里
knock into sb. / sth. 撞上某人/某物 a knock at / on the door 一声敲门声
My father is knocking a nail into the wall now.
我父亲现在正在把一个钉子钉到墙上。
Because she was too careless, she knocked into a tree while he was riding a bike.
因为她太粗心了,当她在骑车的时候撞上了一棵树。
There was a loud knock on the door just now. 刚才有一声响亮的敲门声。
17. Usually they give us candies as a treat. 通常他们招待我们吃糖果。P40
give sb. a treat = treat sb. 招待某人
give sb. sth. as a treat = give sb. a treat of sth. 用某物招待某人
Mrs. Brown always treats her guests well. Brown太太总是把她的客人招待得很好。
18. If they do not give us a treat, we can play a trick on them.P40
如果他们不招待我们,我们就可以开他们的玩笑。
play a trick on sb. = have a joke with sb. 开某人的玩笑
Everybody likes playing tricks on others on April the first.
每个人都喜欢在四月一日开别人的玩笑。
19. My friends and I always dress up at Halloween. P40
我的朋友和我在万圣节总是打扮一下。
20. We wear special costumes with masks. 我们穿带面具的特殊服装。P40
21. Sometimes we paint our faces and people do not know who we are. P41
有时候,我们涂花我们的脸这样人们就不知道我们是谁了。
本句中的“who we are”是一个疑问句充当宾语从句,当疑问句作宾语从句时,需把该疑问句变成陈述句的顺序。
Who knows where he is? 谁知道他在哪儿?
Can you tell me where I can buy this dictionary?
你能告诉我在哪儿能买到这本字典吗?
22. This year, I will wear a tiger costume. 今年,我将穿一身老虎服。P41
23. We make our own special pumpkin lanterns for Halloween. P41
我们为万圣节制作我们自己特殊的南瓜灯。
We made a lantern out of a pumpkin. 我们用一只南瓜做了一只灯笼。
24. We cut out some shapes to make the eyes, the nose and the sharp teeth. P41
我们切除一些形状来制作眼睛,鼻子和尖利的牙齿。
= We cut out some shapes for the eyes, the nose and the sharp teeth.
25. My family always have a party on the evening of October 31st. P41
我的家人总是在10月31日晚上举行一个聚会。
26. We eat a lot of special Halloween chocolates and candies. P41
我们吃许多特殊的万圣节巧克力和糖果。
27. Happy Halloween! 万圣节快乐!P41
常用节日问候语有:Happy New Year! 新年快乐!Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐!
其答语一般用:The same to you. 你也是。
Grammar
Prepositions of time 表示时间的介词。
(1) at 用在“点钟”、“吃饭时间”、“节日”、“年龄”前。
e.g. at 7:15; at breakfast; at Easter; at (the age of ) 15
(2) on 用在“星期”、“日期”、“某天的早、午、晚”前。
e.g. on Sunday morning; on 1st May; on the afternoon of Sep.10th
(3) in 用在“早、午、晚”、“月份”、“季节”、“年份”、“某年某月”前。
e.g. in the afternoon; in January; in spring; in July; in May 2003
Asking ‘Wh-’ questions 特殊疑问句
(1) 基本构成: 疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词。
(2) 疑问词有: what / which / who / whose / when / what time / where / why / how / how many 等。
(3) 具体用法见下表:
what 对行为和事物提问,如:What are they talking about? 他们在谈论什么?
which 对特定的人或事物提问,如;Which boy is your cousin?
who 对人称提问,如:Who is the man over there?
whose 对人称所有格提问,如:Whose are these pens on the desk?
when 对笼统时间提问,如:When is your birthday?
what time 对具体时间提问,如:What time do you have lunch?
where 对地点提问,如:Where are you from?
why 对原因提问,如:Why are you often late for school?
how 对行为方式提问,如:How do you go to school?
对程度行为提问,如:How is he at basketball?
how far 对距离提问;how long 对 长短提问; how many times 对次数提问; how many/how much 对数量提问。
Using some / any. some 和 any 的用法:
1. 共同点:
some 和 any 都 有“一些”的意思,都是既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词。
e.g. There are some books on the desk.
There is some water in the glass.
There aren’t any oranges in the shop.
2. 不同点:
① some 用于肯定句中;any 用于否定句中。
② 在疑问句中,表示疑问语气时,用any
e.g. Is there any milk in the bottle?
表示说话人征求对方意见或希望得到肯定答复时,用some
e.g. Would you like some tea?
Can I have some bananas?
1. I’m going to see the doctor at three o’clock this afternoon. P45
我打算下午三点去看医生。
be going to 打算、将要计划好做某事,表达的是将要进行的动作。
will 只表示将要发生的动作,无计划性。
2. Where are you going on holiday? 你去哪里度假?P48
on holiday 度假
Integrated Skills
1. Traditional Chinese food 传统中国风味的食品
2. Lion dance 舞狮子。
3. I’m on holiday in New York. (P51) 我在纽约度假。 be on holiday 在度假
e.g. All the students are on holiday in summer.
所有的学生夏天都在休假。
5. It is my first time to see it and I am very excited.
这是我首次观看舞狮子,所以我很兴奋。
be excited 兴奋的
e.g. When he hears from me, he will be excited.
当他收到我的来信,会很兴奋的。
Study Skills
1. Making flash card. 制作学习卡片。
2. Draw a picture about the sentence, the question or the expression on the other side of the flash card.
在学习卡片另一面画一些图画作为提示。
on the other side of… 在……另一边
e.g. There is a factory on the other side of the river.
河对面有一家工厂。
3. Look at the picture for a few seconds and try to remember the sentence, the question or the expression on the other side of the card.
用几分钟的学习时间来看这些卡片,努力记住卡片上的句子、问题和表达。
try to remember… 努力记住…
e.g. He tries to draw a beautiful horse on the blackboard.
他努力在黑板上画一匹美丽的马。
Main Task
1. People in the West celebrate it. 西方人庆祝它。
in the West 在西方
in the East / North / South 在东方/北方/南方
2. People celebrate Halloween in many ways.
人们以许多方式来庆祝万圣节。
in many ways 用许多方式
way 方式、方法,常与介词in 连用。
e.g. in the same way 用同样的方式
3. They put candles in them so the light shines through the eyes, the nose and the teeth.
他们把蜡烛放在里面,于是光从眼睛、鼻子和牙齿里射出来。
put … in / into … 把…放进…里
through 介词,“通过”、“穿过”
7A Unit 4
1.Let’s have a hamburger. 让我们吃个汉堡包吧。(P58)
“Let’s”是“Let us”的缩写形式,其后接动词原形(即省去to的动词不定式)。以“Let’s”开头的句子为祈使句。例如:
Let’s go fishing.让我们去钓鱼吧。
Let’s play badminton. 让我们打羽毛球吧。
2.I need a lot of energy. 我需要许多能量。(P58)
(1)句中的need作动词,意为“需要”。例如:
Do you need my help?你需要帮助吗?
I don’t need any money.我不需要钱。
need还可作情态动词,常用于否定句。例如:
---Must I finish the work today?---No, you needn’t.
——我必须今天完成这项任务吗?——不必。
(2)a lot of = lots of 意为“许多、大量的”,相当于many或much。例如:
He has a lot of friends here. = He has many friends here.他这儿有许多朋友。
Her parents have a lot of money. = Her parents have much money.她父母亲很有钱。
3.You never exercise. 你从来不锻炼。(P58)
(1) never是副词,意为“永不,从不,决不,从未,一点也不”。通常置于行为动词之前、be动词或助动词之后。例如:
We never go to school on Sundays.我们星期天从来不上学。
I am never late for work.我上班从不迟到。
I will never forget your birthday.我决不忘记你的生日。
(2) 句中的exercise 作动词,意为“锻炼”。例如:
My father exercises in the park every morning.我父亲每天早晨在公园锻炼。
exercise还可作名词,意为“锻炼”。例如:
We need enough exercise every day.我们需要每天锻炼。
4.I walk to my bowl many times a day. 我一天跑向我的饭碗好多次。(P58)
(1)句中的walk为不及物动词,walk to相当于go to … on foot,意为“步行去……”例如:
She walks to school every day.她每天步行上学。
walk也可作及物动词,意为“带……散步,带……遛弯”。例如:
She walks him every day. 她每天带他散步。(P28)
walk还可作名词,意为“散步,溜达”。例如:
I take my dog for a walk every day.我每天溜狗。(P14)
He often goes for a walk after supper.他经常晚饭后去散步。
(2) times意为“次数、倍数”,属可数名词。例如:
We have meals three times a day.我们一天吃三顿饭。
time也可作不可数名词,意为“时间”。例如:
We don’t have much time to chat with each other at school. 我们在学校没有多少时间相互聊天。
5. What is your favourite food? 你最喜爱的食物是什么? (P59)
They are my favourite.他们是我的最爱。(P59)
句中的favourite是形容词,意为“心爱的,最喜爱的”,修饰名词。例如:
What is your favourite colour? 你最喜爱的颜色是什么?
favourite也可作名词,意为“最喜爱的东西,最爱”。例如:
This song is one of my favourites.这首歌是我最喜爱的歌曲之一。
6.I want to be a dancer. 我想要当舞蹈家。(P60)
(1)want to be …意为“想要当/成为……”,want to do sth.意为“想要干某事”。例如:
My sister wants to be a teacher when she grows up. 我妹妹长大后想要当教师。
I want to go shopping this afternoon. 今天下午我想要去购物。
(2)dancer是由动词dance加后缀-er变化而来的。例如:
Wait-waiter; play-player; work-worker, teach-teacher;
drive-driver; write-writer;
swim-swimmer; run-runner;
7.It’s easy for me to get tired when I dance. 我跳舞时很容易疲劳。(P60)
(1)该句的句型结构为“It is adj. for sb. to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说…”, it为形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式to do sth.。因此,原句可改写为:To get tired when I dance is easy for me。例如:
It is important for us to read English every day.= To read English every day is important for us.
It’s not easy to learn English well.= To learn English well is not easy.
It’s great fun to play computer games.= To play computer games is great fun.
(2)句中的get为连系动词,与tired构成系表结构。例如:
The young man looks so cool.这位小伙子看上去很酷。
I feel happy to be with you.跟你在一起我很开心。
The cake tastes delicious.这蛋糕偿起来很好吃。
I feel hungry. I want to have some bread.我感到饿了,想吃些面包。
I feel tired after swimming.游泳后我感到疲劳。
8.I usually have fruit and vegetables because I want to be healthy. 我通常吃水果和蔬菜,因为我想健康。(P60)
because是连词,后接表示原因的状语从句;because of后接表原因的词或短语。例如:
I like my classroom because it is big and clean. 我喜欢我的教室,因为它既大又干净。(P24)
I don’t like the mooncakes because they are too sweet.我不喜欢月饼,因为太甜了。
He can’t play football any more because of his poor leg.由于可怜的的那条腿,他不感再踢足球了。
9.After class, I also like playing computer games and chatting with my friends on the Internet.课后我也喜欢玩电脑游戏和在网上与朋友聊天。(P60)
also是副词,意为“也”,与too同义,但also一般置于行为动词之前、be动词或助动词之后;too一般置于句末。例如:
She is also from America.= She is from America, too.
I also like singing.= I like singing, too.
either也可表示“也”,但通常用于否定句, 一般置于句末。例如:
We don’t go to school on Sundays. They don’t go to school on Sundays, either.
10.It's time for me to change now. 我现在该改变了。P60)
此句型为It's time for +名词/代词+to+动词原形,是一个常用的句型,意为“某人该做某事了;某人做某事的时间到了;是某人做某事的时候了。”例如:
It's time for the students to play games. 学生们该做游戏了。
It’s time for us to go to school. 我们该上学了。
这一句型也可用下列句型:
(1)It's time for+名词。例如:
It’s time for class.该上课了。
It's time for lunch. 是吃中饭的时候了。
(2)It's time to+动词原形。例如:
It's time to go to school.= It's time for school. 该去上学了。
It's time to have supper.= It's time for supper. 是吃晚饭的时候了。
11.I plan to go swimming twice a week. 我计划一周游泳两次。(P60)
(1)go swimming意为“去游泳”。go+V-ing结构表示去进行带有娱乐性的体育活动。例如:
go running去跑步
go shopping 去买东西
go fishing去钓鱼
go skating去溜冰
(2)twice意为“两次,两倍”。例如:
Amy goes to the Swimming Club three times a week. Amy一周去游泳俱乐部三次。(P64)
对twice a week,three times a week等提问时,用How often。例如:
How often does Amy go to the Swimming Club?
12. How much do you know about food? 关于食物你知道多少?(P63)
(1)How much常用来对不可数名词的数量提问,也可用于询问价钱,还可询问抽象名词或表示事物总称的名词的数。例如:
How much milk do you need?
How much do you know about their school?
How much is the chicken?
(2)若对可数名词的数量提问,通常用how many。例如:
How many people are there in your family?
13.How often do they exercise? 他们多长时间锻炼一次?(P64)
How often常用于对频率的提问,意为“多长时间一次”,其答语通常是once a week, three times a month, sometimes等表示频的副词及短语。例如:
---How often do you go to see your parents?---Twice a month.——你过多久去看你父母亲一次?——一月一次。
---How often does your cousin play computer games? ---Three times a week.——你表弟多长时间玩一次电脑游戏?——一星期三次。
---How often do you go fishing?---Never, but my father does once a week.——你过多久去钓一次鱼?——从不,不过我父亲每周去一次。
14.Daniel spends all his free time sitting in front of the computer. Daniel把所有的业余时间都花在电脑前面。(P64)
此句型为spend some time (in) doing sth.,意为“某人花费……时间干某事”,spend后接动词,介词in可省略;spend后接名词时,用句型spend some time on sth.,意为“某人在某事方面花费……时间”。例如:
I usually spend about an hour doing my homework every day. = I usually spend about an hour on my homework every day. 我每天通常花半个小时做家庭作业。
He spends fifteen minutes walking to school.他花15分钟步行上学。
也可用it takes sb. some time to do sth.这一句型,意为“某人花费……时间干某事”。例如:
It takes half an hour to cook.要花半个小时做饭。
上面的两个例句可分别改写为:
It usually takes me about an hour to do my homework every day.
It takes him fifteen minutes to walk to school.
15.You are not fit at all.你一点也不健康。(P69)
(1)at all意为“一点也(不)”,常与not连用,构成句型not…at all。例如:
I’m not tired at all.
---Are you hungry?---Not at all.
not与at all连在一起,用来表示“答谢”。例如:
---Thank you.--- Not at all. (=You’re welcome.)
(2)句中的fit是形容词,意为“健康的,结实的”,相当于healthy。例如:
If you want to keep fit, you should take more exercise.
16.Congratulations! 祝贺你(们)!(P65)
Congratulations是名词,常用复数形式,其后可接to sb.或on doing sth.,意为“向(某人)祝贺(某事)”。例如:
Congratulations to you on winning the match.
Congratulations on your success(成功).
17.I like hamburgers but I don’t eat them any more.我喜欢汉堡包,不过我不再吃了。(P70)
not…any more意为“不再……”。例如:
I won’t be late any more.我再也不迟到了。
He doesn’t play computer games any more.他再也不完电脑游戏了。
18.Good luck with your new diet and lifestyle. 愿新的日常饮食几生活方式为你带来好运(成功)。(P70)
(1)luck是名词,意为“运气、幸运”。例如:
He always has good luck.他总很走运。
I wish you luck. 祝你幸运。
(2)若表示“祝(你)好运;祝(你)顺利;祝(你)平安!”,则表达为:Good luck!
Good luck 后接人时用 Good luck to sb.,Good luck后接sth.时用Good luck with sth. 例如:Good luck to you!
Good luck with your English!
要点解析
1. Let’s have a hamburger. 我们吃个汉堡包吧。
Let’s 是Let us的缩写,意为“让我们”,表达一种建议。
Let’s go to school. 我们去上学吧。
2. You’re always hungry, Eddie. 埃迪,你总是很饿。
Be hungry, 意为“饥饿”。
Tom needs a hamburger. He is hungry. 汤姆要一个汉堡包,他饿了。
3. I need a lot of energy. 我需要大量的能量。
a lot of 意为“许多”,相当于many或much, 可修饰不可数名词,也可以修饰可数名词。
I have a lot of apples. 我有许多苹果。
At Mid-Autumn Festival, we eat a lot of nice food. 在中秋节我们吃很多美食。
energy 为不可数名词,用a lot of, lots of 或much 修饰。
4. What about + n / doing 表达一种建议。
What about Sunday?
What about going fishing.
5. I want to be a dancer. 我想成为一名舞蹈演员。
want to be, 意思是“想成为”。
Kitty wants to be Daniel’s friend. 基蒂想成为丹尼尔的朋友。
I want to be a teacher when I grow up. 我长大了想当一个老师。
6. It is important for a dancer to be healthy. 对一个舞蹈演员来说,健康是重要的。
“It is important for someone to do something” 意为“做某事对某人很重要”。
It is important for us to learn English 学英语对我们来说很重要。
It is important for us to keep healthy. 保持健康对我们来说很重要。
7. Now, I always eat an apple for breakfast… 现在,早餐时我总是吃一个苹果……
eat… for breakfast / lunch / dinner, 意思是“早/午/晚餐吃……”。
I often have noodles for breakfast. 我早餐常吃面条。
I always eat hamburgers for lunch. 我午饭总是吃汉堡包。
8. After class, I also like playing computer games and chatting with my friends on the Internet.课后我还喜欢玩电脑游戏,与朋友在因特网上聊天。
chat with sb. 意思是“与某人聊天”,也可说have a chat with sb.
I often have a chat with my friends on the telephone. 我常在电话里跟朋友聊天。
9. I do not eat fast food any more. 我不再吃快餐了。
not… any more = not… any longer, 意思是“不再”。= He is not a child any longer. 他不再是个孩子了。
10. twice a day 一天两次。
“一次”once,“两次”用twice, “三次以上”用基数词或相当于数词的代词加times。
three times a day. 一天三次。
many times a day. 一天许多次。
11.① 名词复数的规则变化 (书 Page 61)
② 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的。
man — men woman — women
child — children sheep — sheep
③ 表示国籍的名词,有的在词尾加-s,表示该国的人,如an American—three Americans;有的单、复数形式相同,如a Chinese — four Chinese等。
12. 频度副词
副词按意义分类可分为方式副词、地点副词、时间副词。often等词属于时间副词中表示频率的副词,称为频度副词。
1)频度副词按照其发生频率由高到低排列如下:
always usually often sometimes seldom never
频率高 频率低
(100) (0)
2)频度副词在句中的位置如下:
① 在第一个助动词或情态动词(及not)之后。
I will always remember this. 我将永远记住这件事。
② 在单个be动词之后。
He’s often busy. 他经常很忙。
③ 在单个实义动词之前。
He never eats hamburgers. 他从不吃汉堡包。
④ 频度副词用来加强语气时,可放在句首或句尾,often在句尾时常被very或quite修饰。
Sometimes we go by ship. 有时我们坐船去。
But I walk sometimes. 但有时我步行。
He writes to me quite often. 他常给我写信。
⑤ 对频率副词提问用“How often”。
13. There be 句型的就近原则。
There be句型中的be动词形式由最靠近它的名词决定。
There is a bottle of water and two apples in her bag.
14. What do we need to buy? 我们需要买什么?
need 意思是“需要”,这里是实义动词,而不是情态动词,因此后面动词前要加to。
We need to buy some vegetables. 我们需要买一些蔬菜。
I need to get a pair of shoes. 我需要买一双鞋。
15. less than three times a week. 一周不到三次
less than,意思是“不到;少于”,与more than相反。
less than two weeks. 不到两周。
more than three hours. 三个多小时。
16. You are not fit at all! 你一点都不健康!
fit = healthy 意思是“健康”,形容词。
keep fit 保持健康。
17. Do you feel better? 你感觉身体好点了吗?
better 是well的比较级。
He is now much better than before. 他的身体比以前好多了。
18. Good luck with your new diet, Ricky. 祝你新的饮食有好的效果,里基。
good luck with sth.
19. I like vegetables because they are good for me. 我喜欢吃蔬菜,因为它们对我身体有益。
be good for…意思是“对……有益”,be bad for 意思是“对……有害”。
Sweet snacks are bad for health. 甜零食对身体有害。
Eating fruit is good for your health. 吃水果对你的身体有好处。
20. There are no calories in water, so you can drink it without getting fat. 水中没有热量,所以你喝了不会发胖。
without 是“没有,不”的意思。
He often comes to school without having breakfast. 他常不吃早饭就来上学。
Li Lei can do his homework without his father’s help. 李雷没有他父亲的帮助也能完成家庭作业。
Fish can’t live without water. 鱼儿离不开水。
Unit 4 Food 精讲
学习内容
1. 学习使用频度副词 never, seldom , sometimes, often, usually, always的用法
2. 学习名词的复数形式
3. 学会使用不定冠词
4. 学习简单的用餐用语
5. 本单元应掌握的重点单词、短语和句子
重点难点
单词
Hamburger, vegetable, fruit, bread, meat, juice, water, story, tea, salt, tomato, soup, luck, need, exercise
Hate, change, feel, carry, mean, stay, taste
Hungry, tired important, healthy, sweet, fast , dry, favourite, large, fast, seldom, often
短语
Not….any more, a top student, of course, a glass of water, fast food, dried fish, ice cream, less than, not ….at all ,take in , twice a week
句子
I get tired when I dance.
It is important for a dancer to be healthy.
I changed my diet because I want to be healthier.
I always have a healthy meal for dinner.
I usually have bread for breakfast.
I seldom ate fruit and vegetables.
What do you need to buy?
It takes half an hour to cook.
How often do you exercise?
必背词汇
1.Healthy 健康的 如:
Fruit and vegetables are healthy food. 水果和蔬菜是健康食品。
Take care of yourself. I hope you are happy and healthy.照顾好你自己。我希望你健康快乐。
名词形式:health如:
Eating too much fried food is not good for your health.
吃过多油炸食物对你的健康不利。
2.Exercise
(1)作可数名词,意思是“练习、训练”如:
Our Maths teacher often asks us to do a lot of exercises.
我们数学老师经常让我们做很多练习。
Exercise-book练习本,exercises(复数)体操,morning exercises 早操
(2)作不可数名词,意思是“操练;锻炼”如:
Old people should not do much strong exercise.
老年人不应该做太多剧烈的锻炼。
(3)作动词,意思是“锻炼”。如:
It,s very useful to exercise regularly.
定期锻炼很有用。
3.Taste尝 如:
Please taste this soup.请尝一尝汤的味道。
尝起来….(连系动词,后接形容词)如:
It tastes sweet.这东西吃起来很甜。
味道 如:
Tae taste of the fish is very nice.这鱼的味道很不错。
4.Many times a day 一天许多次
这一结构为:次数+周期。如:
Once a week 一周一次
Twice a month一个月两次
Three times a year 一年三次
5.Fish鱼
在数量方面,fish单复数同形。如:a fish 一条鱼,two fish两条鱼。Fish也可以有复数形式fishes,但表示不同种类的鱼。
6.Get tired 感到疲劳
Get用作连系动词,译为“变得”“觉得”,与形容词tried一起构成系表结构,表达疲劳之意;也可以用be tired来表达此意。
另外,get/be tired 之后可加介词of ,表示“厌倦…”“讨厌….”.如:
Most pupils are tired of doing their homework.大多数小学生都不喜欢做家庭作业。
7.Not…any more不再…如:
I don’t eat sweet snacks between meals any more.我再也不在用餐之间吃甜食了。
Now he is not late for school any more.如今他上学再也不迟到了。
8.Mean意味着;意思是 如:
That means I take in about 2 000 calories every day.那就意味着我每天吸收2 000卡的热量。
I mean you should work harder from now on.我的意思是从现在起,你得更加努力地学习。
Mean to do sth. 打算做某事。如:
Do you mean to go there by air?你打算乘飞机去那儿吗?
Meaning意思 如:
What’s the meaning of your words?你的话是什么意思?
识记句型
1.I get tired when I dance.当我跳舞时,我感到很累。
这是一句带有时间状语多句的主从复合句。时间状语从句的引导词为when,意为“当…的时候”。如:
We like listening to music when we have a dinner.我们喜欢吃饭时听音乐。
2.It’s important for a dancer to be healthy. 对于一个舞蹈演员来说,健康是很重要的。
此句中含有动词不定式的复合结构:
It is +for… to do sth. 对…来说做某事…
其中for…to do sth。是动词不定式的复合结构,在句中是真正的主语,it 为形容主语。如:
it’s helpful for us to read English every day.
对我们来说,每天朗读英语是有帮助的。
3.How often do you exercise?你多长时间进行一次体育锻炼?
How often询问做某事的频率,回答可以是具体的间隔时间,也可以是表示频率的副词。如:
How often do you eat fruit and vegetables?
I eat fruit and vegetables every day.
How often do you walk to school?
I never walk to school.
How long询问做某事持续的时间,答语中的时间常用介词for 引出。如:
How long do you watch TV every night?
I watch TV for 2-4 hours every night.
4. it takes half an hour to cook.做饭要花半小时。
It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.这是一个固定结构,表示做某事要花费(某人)多少时间。如:
It takes my grandfather one hour to read newspapers every day.
我爷爷每天花一个小时看报纸。
It took us two hours to have the big meal last night.昨晚我们花了两个小时吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。
精讲语法
1. 副词
英语里表示频度“由少到多”“由低到高”的副词依次有:never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always.它们在句中通常放在连系动词、情态动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前。如:
I always eat an apple for breakfast我早饭总要吃一个苹果。
Millie is never late for class. 米莉上课从不迟到。
Simon often helps his mother in the garden.西蒙经常帮助妈妈在花园里干活。
2. 词的复数
名词复数的变化规则:
(1) 一般情况直接加s。(S在清辅音后读[S],在浊辅音和元音后读[Z])
如:books, pens , boys.
(2)以s, z, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es.(es读[Iz])
如:buses , boxes
(3)以“辅音+y”结尾的名词改Y为I,再加es.(es读[z])
如:babies
(4) 以f , fe结尾的名词改f, fe结尾的名词改f , fe为ves.(ves读[vz])
如:knives
(5)以o 结尾的名词一般情况加es,少数加s.(es 读[z];s读[z])
如:tomatoes, potatoes, pianos, kilos.
3. 不定冠词 a/an
(1)概述:a/an 常用于可数名词单数前,起泛指作用。
(2)用法:
A.表示数量“一个”.如:I have a brother and two sisters.
B. 表示“每一个”。如:we go home twice a week.
C. 表示“某一个”。如:a girl often comes to see them.
D. 表示一类人、物。如:This is a chair and that’s a desk.
E.用在习惯用语中。如: a lot of , have a talk, Have a rest, have a good time.
(3)说明:a用在辅音之前,如:a book, a useful book;
An用在元音之前,如:an “s” , an hour.
典型例题
例: Do you swim?
Twice a week.
A. How long B. How much C. How often D. How many
解析:疑问副词how 可以和不同的形容词或副词搭配,构成固定的疑问词组:how long“多长;多久”,通常对一段时间提问;how much“多少”,通常对修饰不可数名词前的定语提问,也可以询问“价格”“时间”等;how many“多少”,是对可数名词前的数词进行提问;how often“多久”,通常是对周期性的时间状语提问。
浏览题干及选项,应答部分显然是个周期性的时间状语。
答案C。
例2.
(1)One morning he found a bag . There was “s” on the corner of bag.
(2)There is egg on the table. egg is for you .
A. a; a(A)
B. a; the(The )
C. an; an(An)
D. an; the (The)
解析:在上下文中如果同一个人或物反复出现几次,第一次提到时用不定冠词;以后重复出现则表示特指,用定冠词。不定冠词an用在元音音素开头的名词或词组之前。
答案:D;D
7A Unit 5
1. I want you to go shopping with me today.今天我想要你和我一起去购物。(P74)
此句型为want sb. to do sth.,意为“想要某人干某事”,want是及物动词,to do sth.为动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如:
He wants me to help her with her maths.他想要我在数学方面帮助她。
want还可接名词或动词不定式作宾语,即want sth.或want to do sth.。例如:
She wants a pair of jeans.她想要一条牛仔裤。
I want to buy a lot of things.我想要买许多东西。(P70)
I want to see my parents this weekend.这个周末我想去看望我的父母亲。
2.I’m not free today.我今天没空。(P74)
free是形容词,意为“空闲的,有空的”。常与be (am, is are, was, were)动词连用。例如:
She is not free now.她现在没空。
Are you free this evening? 你今晚有空吗?
3.I need you to carry all the bags.我需要你拿所有的包。(P74)
(1)此句型为need sb. to do sth.,意为“需要某人干某事”,need是及物动词,意为“需要”,to do sth.为动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如:
He needs his parents to clean his bedroom.他需要父母亲打扫卧室。
need还可接名词或动词不定式作宾语,即need sth.或need to do sth.。例如:
I need a lot of energy. 我需要许多能量。(P54)
Do we need to buy some vegetables? 我们需要买些蔬菜吗 ?(P62)
(2)carry意为“搬运、随身携带”,还含有“肩挑、手提”的意思。例如:
Could you help me carry the box? 请你帮我拿这个箱子,好吗?
bring和take也有“拿、带”的意思,但用法各不相同。
bring意为“拿来、带来”,指把某物或某人从别处带到说话处。例如:
You must finish reading the magazine this evening and bring it here tomorrow.你必须今天晚上看完这本杂志,明天把它带到这儿来。
Your cousin asked me to bring you a birthday present. 你表哥让我给你带来一件生日礼物。
take意为“拿去、带去”,指把某物或某人从说话处带到别处去,它与bring所表示的方向相反。例如:
Take away this empty bottle, and bring me a full one,please.把这个空瓶拿走,请给我拿个满的来。
4.Can I help you? 你想要点什么?(76)
What can I do for you?我能帮你忙吗?(76)
Can I help you? 与What can I do for you?两者可用来询问别人是否需要服务或提供帮助,意为“要我帮忙吗?”,在不同的场合表达不同的意义。例如:在图书馆,图书馆管理员对你说Can I help you?或What can I do for you?,表示:“您要借书吗?”在商店,营业员对顾客说,表示“您想要买点什么”。
Can I help you? 还可表达成:Could I help you? 或May I help you?,这两者在语气上要比Can I help you?更加客气、委婉。
5.I’m looking for some football cards and stickers of Huanghe Football Team. 我在找些足球卡片和黄河足球队的贴花纸。(P76)
look for意为“找,寻找”。例如:
He is looking for his comic book.他在找他的连环画。
She is looking for her mother.她在找她母亲。(P89)
6. There are some cards and stickers over here.那儿有些卡片和贴纸。(P76)
over here意为“在这儿,在这边”,在句中可作状语。over here也可在句中作表语、定语。例如:
My car is over here.我的车在这儿呢。(表语)
You can ask the man over here.你可以问问这边的那个人。(定语)
Please put your school things over here.请把你的学习用品放在这儿。(状语)
7. Take a look.看一看(P76)
take a look 相当于have a look,意为“看一看”。若表示“看一看某物”时,则后跟介词at,表达为:take a look at…或have a look at…。例如:
Take a look at her hair clips. How lovely! 看一看她的发夹,多漂亮啊!
Let me have a look at your new watch, please. 请让我看一看你的新手表。
8. How much do the cards cost? 卡片多少钱?(76)
(1)how much可用来询问价格、价钱,或对不可数名词的数量提问。例如:
How much is your CD? It’s ten yuan.你的CD多少钱?10元。
How much does the Walkman cost? It’s about 120 dollars.这个随身听多少钱?大约120元。
(2)cost是动词,意为“花费”,其主语为物,后接表示“金钱”的名词作宾语。例如:
This teddy bear costs twenty yuan.这只玩具熊20元。
表示“某人花钱干某事”,用spend的句型,其主语必须是人,动词用-ing形式。
He spent two hundred yuan buying this watch.他买这块手表花了200元。
spend后接名词时,用介词on。“他买这块手表花了200元。”这句也可表达成:
He spent two hundred yuan on this watch.
spend还可表示“某人花时间干某事”,这时用句型(人)spend some time on sth / doing sth.。例如:
She usually spends half an hour on English.
You mustn’t spend too much time playing volleyball.
也可用句型It takes sb. some time to do sth. 表示“干某事花某人多少时间”。例如:
It usually takes her half an hour to read English.读英语花费她半小时。
It usually takes me more than two hours to do homework.家庭作业通常花我两个多小时。
9. I want to buy a present for my friend. (P76)
buy意为“买”,表示“给某人买某物”时,可用句型buy sb sth,也可用give sth for sb。因此原句也可表达为:I want to buy my friend a present.。例如:
I also want to buy a CD for her.= I also want to buy her a CD .我也想给她买个CD。(P76)
I don’t have enough money to buy her a CD then.我没有足够都的钱给她买CD了。(P76)
Maybe you can buy him a football in the sports shop.= Maybe you can buy a football for him in the sports shop.也许你可以在体育用品商店给他买个足球。
10. I’m sure you can find some nice clips for your friend. (P76)
(1)find意为“找到、发现”。例如:
She can’t find her mother. 她找不到她母亲。
(2)look for 和find 都有“找”的意思。但look for强调找的动作,find强调找的结果。例如:
What are you looking for? My bag. But I can’t find it. 你在找什么?我的包,但我找不到。
He is looking for his little dog, but he can’t find it. 他在找他的小狗,但他没找到。
(3)find与find out
find通常指找到或发现具体的东西,也可指偶然发现某物或某种情况。例如:
I looked for my pen here and there, but didn’t find it.我到处找我的钢笔,但没找到。
find out意为“找出、发现、查明”,多指通过调查、寻问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”,通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义,指找出较难找到的、无行的、抽象的东西。例如:
Please find out when the train leaves.请查一下火车什么时候离站。
11. They match her favourite T-shirt.他们与她的T恤相配。(P76)
match为动词,意为“适合,(与……)想配”,相当于go well with。例如:
This pair of boots matches my jeans.这双靴子配我的牛仔裤。
Match还可作名词,意为“比赛”。例如:
I like watching football matches very much.我非常喜欢看足球比赛。
12. I don’t have enough money to buy her a CD then.我没有足够都的钱给她买CD了。(P76)
(1)句中的enough是形容词,用来修饰名词,enough修饰名词时可以置于名词的前面,也可置于名词的后面。例如:
We haven’t got enough apples for so many people.=We haven’t got apples enough for so many people.我们没有足够的苹果供这么多人吃。
(2)enough也可做副词,用来修饰形容词或副词,这时enough应放在所修饰的形容词或副词的后面。例如:
I’m not tall enough to reach the basket. 我不够高,够不着篮球架。
The boy is old enough to go to school.这男孩年龄够大了,可以去上学。
Beibei ran fast enough to catch up with her mum.贝贝跑得够快的,能赶上她妈妈。
(3)enough还可作名词。例如:
Would you have some more rice? No, thanks. I’ve had enough.再吃点饭,好吗?不用了,谢谢。我已吃得够多的了。
13. Your Walkman looks great! 你的随身听看上去真棒!
look意为“看上去”,作连系动词,后面接形容词作表语。例如:
You look so beautiful in a blue dress.你穿上蓝裙子看上去很漂亮。
The children look very happy.孩子们看上去很开心。
14. I’m waiting for my turn.我在等待我的次序。(P81)
wait for one’s turn意为“等某人的次序”,turn是名词,意为“(依次)轮流,轮值”。例如:
It’s your turn to read. 轮到你读了。
We take turns to look after the sick.我们轮流照顾病人。
15. She is paying for her new shoes.她在付她新鞋子的钱。(P82)
pay for sth. 意为“付某物的钱”。例如:
You should pay for the things before you go . 你应该在走之前先付钱。
He didn’t pay for the coat and left.他没付大衣的钱就走了。
注意pay与spend,cost的区别。试比较他们不同的句型结构:
pay: 人 + pay + 钱 + for + 物。
人 + pay + 钱 + to do sth.。
spend: 人 + spend +钱 + on + 物。
人 + spend +钱 + doing sth.。
cost :物 + cost +人 + 钱。
因此,“这条连衣裙她花了100美元。”可表达为:
She paid 100 dollars for this dress.
She paid 100 dollars to buy this dress.
She spent 100 dollars on this dress.
She spent 100 dollars buying this dress.
This dress cost her 100 dollars.
16. Can we send them some stationery? 我们可以送给他们一些文具吗?(P85)
句型send sb sth,意为“送给/寄给某人买某物”,send意为“送给,寄”,send sb sth=send sth to sb。因此原句也可表达为:Can our school send some stationery to them? 例如:
She always sends her mother a card when Mother’s Day comes.母亲节到来时,她总是个她妈妈寄张卡片。
17. I’d like to buy a pair of football boots. (P85)
would like意为“想要”,相当于want,但比want语气婉转,常用于口语中。
(1)would like to do sth.意为“想要干某事”。例如:
She would like to go shopping with us.她想要与我们去购物。
(2)would like sth.意为“想要某物”。例如:
Would you like a glass of water? 你想要杯水吗?(P63)
I would like a pair of shoes.我想要买双鞋。
(3)would like sb. to do sth.意为“想要某人干某事”。例如:
My parents would like me to work hard at my lessons. I’d like a cup of tea.我想要喝杯茶。
I’d like to ask you some questions. 我想要问你一些问题。(P27)
What would you like to have? 你想要吃些什么?
18. Could I try them on? 我可以试穿一下吗?(P85)
try on意为“试穿/戴(衣、鞋、帽等)”,其后接代词做宾语时,代词应置于两词之间。例如:
Try on the coat before you buy it.在买大衣前先试穿一下。
This dress looks nice. Please try it on.这件连衣裙看上去很好看。请试穿一下吧。
19. …, there are always lots of people waiting for me to finish. ……,总是有许多人在等我完成。(P87)
wait for意为“等,等待”,for为介词,后接名词或代词的宾格。例如:
I’m waiting for my turn.我在等待我的次序。(P77)
They are waiting for him at the bus stop.他们正在车站等他。
Unit5 Go shopping 重要结构笔记
1. I don’t have any money.
2. Want you to go shopping with me/Want to buy a lot of things
3. I’m not free /busy.—Are you free?
4. .quite expensive/cheap
5. Can I help you ?What are you looking for
6. Some football cards and stickers of the huanghe football team
7. just a minute =wait a moment
8.take a look=have a look=look (at)
9.how much do the cards cost? They cost …
=How much are they ? they are …
10.how much money can you spend ?I spend …on /doing …
11.she is paying for her new shoes. She is paying …for…
12. It take him half an hour to exercise every day.
13.there’s a discount on last year’s cards./ discount = a cut in price
=Last year’s cards are on sale.(打折)
14.I prefer to buy new cards
15.I prefer swimming to skating /prefer ==like ….better .
16. can you help me find a present for my friends ?
17.I’m sure you can find some beautiful clips .
18.I’d also like to buy a CD for her .
19. come and see these fancy hair clips./ .fancy ==with bright colours
20. they match her favourite T---shirt. match ==go well with
21. I don’t have enough money to buy her a CD then.
22. never mind (doing sth ) ! I’ ll buy the clips.
23.clothes shop / sports shop /shoe shop/ an electrical shop /.over here
24 .buy the same things as(反:be different …from)
25 many vegetables /walkmans/mangoes/tomatoes/potatoes/knives/shelves/stories
much beef / rice/bread/meat/salt/tea/soup/orange juice/Coke/water/pork/chicken
26.there’s a big new shopping mall near my school
there’re restaurants on the top floor ./ five floors of shops
there’s food and drinks on the first floor 30.
27. It opens/closes(v) from …to.. =It is open/closed(adj) from…to…
28. go to the cinema/ a computer games center
29.现在进行时:表示正在进行或发生的动作。
构成: 主语。。。be (am /is/are) …v-ing
时间状语:now/ at present/at the moment/right now/these days/ look/listen
现在分词;(p78)lie-lying run-running shop-shopping swim-swimming
come-coming chat-chatting get-getting sit-sitting stop-stopping plan-planning
30.Are you studying at the moment?
31. My cousin is visiting me
She is having a stomach ache
I’m calling 110 for help/ please call us on the phone
. the policemen are helping the woman into the car now
she is crying with her hands on her stomach.
32. I am waiting for my turn(c)/It’s his turn to wash them.
33. I cannot take him shopping
34. play with him
35. I like it best ==it is my favourite
36. there are lots of people waiting for me to finish(doing sth).
37. the mall is a really fun place to go/meet friends.69.
38.stand outside a toy shop/ inside the shop next door
39. ask us to stay late(待到很晚)/stay up late (熬夜)
40. show her my new computer game=show … to her
41. borrow a video from the library
42. need some help(n) with my homework
Need you to carry all the bags./need something to eat
43. I can’t hear you well
44. can you say it again ?
45. spend your pocket money(零花钱)
46. help the poor(穷人)
47. the children from/in the poor area(s) / children in need
48. have enough stationery to use
49. collect notebooks and writing paper
50.see an advertisement in the newspaper
51 send them some stationery=send…to them…
52. raise some money for them/donate some money to them
53. buy a new pair of football boots for him
54. what size are your feet?=what’ the size of your feet?
55 I’m a size eight
56. Could I try them/it on ?
57. they fit me very well
58. Do you have a cheaper pair?
59.how to remember words
60.notes about the shopping mall
61.good location / at the taxi rank
62. It’s very easy to find (it+adj+to do sth)
63. this is great for girls/this is good for girls.
64. I think the mall needs some more (肯)
I don’t think the mall needs some more(否)
65. eat different kinds of food from different country.
7A Unit 6
1.I don’t know what to wear today, Hobo. 霍波,我不知道今天穿什么?
句中的to加动词原形被称为“动词不定式”,可以和疑问词what, when, how, when, where等连用,构成动词不定式短语。如:
I don’t know how to get to the post office. 我不知道如何到邮局。
Can you tell me when to watch the film? 你能告诉我什么时候看这部电影吗?
Where to go is a big problem. 去哪里是个大问题。
2.I can spend ten more minutes in bed then. 那么我可以再睡十分钟。
spend意为“花费(时间或金钱)”
spend…doing…花费(时间或金钱)做…,在指花费金钱做某事时,可以和cost和pay相互转换。如:
I spend ten Yuan buying the comic book. 这本漫画书花了我十块钱。
I paid ten Yuan for the comic book.
The comic book cost me ten Yuan.
还有一个结构是It takes somebody sometime to do something.可以和spend结构互相转换。
3.We wanted to raise money for Project Hope. 我们想为希望工程募集资金。
want to do sth希望做某事
Project Hope希望工程
4. Today we are going to show you clothes from the 1970s to the 1990s.
今天我们要向你们展示20世纪70年代的服装。
“定冠词+年代的阿拉伯数字+ s/s’表示年代。如:
1970s/1970’s 20世纪70年代(指1970-1979这十年间)
1990/199’s 20世纪70年代(指1990-1999这十年间)
5. His clothes are from the 1980s. 他穿着二十世纪八十年代的服装。
1980s 二十世纪八十年代
6. He looks very colourful. 他看起来色彩鲜艳。
look作“看起来”或“看上去”讲时,作系动词,后面常常用形容词。如:
Daniel looked smart and modern.
学过的类似的动词有:taste尝起来。如:
Sichuan hotpot tastes spicy.
7 Can you guess when my clothes are from?
你能猜出我的服装出自什么年代吗?
8 Look, here comes Simon.
看Simon来了。
这里是here开头的倒装句。
9 Look, how beautiful Sandy is!
看, Sandy多么漂亮啊!
10 You look cool in white trousers and yellow and red tie.
你穿白色裤子,系红色相间的领带,看上去很酷。
这里in表示“穿着;戴着”。如:
The man in a red T-shirt is my English teacher.
那个穿着红色的T恤的男子是我们英语老师。
11 She wants me to wear trains because she thinks they don’t make my feet hot.
她希望我穿运动鞋,因为她认为运动鞋不会使我的脚发热。
12 First, the colour of the T-shirt is white because I think this colour makes the T-shirt look clean and it will go well with any other colour.
首先,T恤是白色的,因为我觉得这个颜色使T恤看上去干净,而且它便于与其他颜色搭配。
13 They must be light and comfortable.
它们一定又轻便又舒服。
这里的must表示肯定猜测,意思是一定。
14 How’s your poster going, Sandy?
你的海报进展如何,Sandy?
这里go 意思是“(事情)进展,进行”。如:
How’s it going?近况如何?
15.What’s the bag made of? It’s made of leather. 这个包是由什么制成的?是皮制的。
be made of 意为“由......制成的”。
当只经过物理变化,我们能明显看出制成这样东西的原料时,使用该短语。
如:The racket is made of plastic. 这个拍子是塑料的。
be made from
当经过化学变化,我们不能明显看出制成这样东西的原料时,使用该短语。
如:The kind of wine is made from grapes. 这种酒是葡萄做的。