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江西省新余市第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期第一次段考英语试卷
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这是一份江西省新余市第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期第一次段考英语试卷，共9页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分 7，5分,满分37，词汇激活等内容，欢迎下载使用。
江西省新余市第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期第一次段考英语试卷（WORD版及答案详解）20230311
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 (共5小题;每小题 1.5分,满分 7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Which animal is in the field?
A．A sheep. B．A cow. C．A horse.
2．What is the problem?
A．The woman doesn’t like orange juice.
B．The man was looking for orange juice.
C．The man broke the container of juice.
3．What did the man win in his dream?
A．A holiday. B．A new car. C．Some money.
4．What does the woman like best?
A．Oranges. B．Watermelons. C．Apples.
5．Which subject is interesting to the woman?
A．Math. B．Chemistry. C．Physics.
第二节（共15小题; 每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6．What happened to the boy in the basketball match?
A．He injured his leg. B．He failed to score the ball. C．He left the match half way.
7．Why was the boy disappointed?
A．His team lost the match. B．He performed badly in the match.
C．His teammates didn’t treat him as a hero.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．A family story. B．A garden. C．A travel plan.
9．Where are the trees by the house from?
A．Australia. B．America. C．New Zealand.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why does Dad ask the girl to go to bed?
A．They have a holiday tomorrow.
B．She has to go to school tomorrow.
C．Her exams are coming up next week.
11．What subject does the girl need to study the most?
A．Math. B．English. C．History.
12．What will the girl do next?
A．Play video games. B．Review her textbook. C．Go to sleep.
听第9段材料,回答第 13至 16 题。
13．How long did the man live in San Francisco?
A．Ten years. B．Five years. C．One year.
14．How do Americans behave in restaurants?
A．They are very outgoing. B．They are usually quiet. C．They often drink much.
15．Where can one enjoy international food better?
A．In America. B．In China. C．In Middle East.
16．Who might the woman be?
A．A guide. B．A hostess. C．A traveler.
听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。
17．What does the speaker do?
A．He is an engineer. B．He is a scientist. C．He is a businessman.
18．What was the speaker’s major in college?
A．Business. B．Computer. C．Marketing.
19．Where did the speaker get the idea of starting his career in AI?
A．From his teacher. B．From Apple’s Siri. C．From a famous scientist.
20．How do people feel about the development of AI according to the speaker?
A．Glad. B．Worried. C．Unconcerned.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A.B.C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Do you want to travel to the New England Aquarium and experience it? If you are an aquarium super fan, I believe you must be interested in some information below.
Animal Encounter Programs
Dive into the water with a seal. Stand on top of the four storey Giant Ocean Tank to feed the animals. Go behind the scenes of your favorite exhibits. Whether you have an unquenchable curiosity about oceanic animals or you want a brand-new observation on popular exhibits, fascinating Animal Encounter Programs are designed for the Aquarium super fans. Call Central Reservations at 617-973-5206 to book your program.
Daily Performances
Don’t miss a day in the life of the New England Aquarium. Be sure to catch our daily events, which include penguin feedings, seal training sessions, dives in the Giant Ocean Tank and live animal performances. Our daily schedule will tell you when and where to watch your favorite program. All programs are included with admission.
Special Programs
Join us for family activities at the Aquarium, where we explore the blue planet most days through art, animals and other activities. We focus on one animal every month with Blue Discoveries Family Day, from octopuses to whales. These activities are included with admission. For a fee, schools and other qualifying groups can also choose Explorer Classes for kids and special 3-D showings.
Virtual Tours and Videos
Before stepping foot in the Aquarium, explore some of our special exhibits and learn what to expect. Check out the Field Trip Orientation video before arriving with your group. The How to Be a Shark and Ray Whisperer video gives special instructions on how to best experience our shark and ray touch tank. The Blue Impact virtual tour highlights some of our exhibits as it explains the impact of climate change on oceans around the world.
21．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A magazine. B．A guidebook.
C．A textbook. D．An academic article.
22．Which activity is NOT included with admission?
A．Penguin feedings. B．Seal training sessions.
C．live animal performances. D．Explorer Classes.
23．What’s the purpose of Virtual Tours and Videos?
A．To help visitors best experience the aquarium.
B．To draw attention to climate change on oceans.
C．To sell video disks of the aquarium to the visitors.
D．To give instructions on how to protect oceanic animals.
B
According to a study done by University of Michigan, shopping to reduce stress was 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad than those only looking at items.
More than half of the 1,000 consumers surveyed by Credit Karma, head researcher of the study, said they have shopped to deal with feelings of stress or depression. About 48 percent of men and 31 percent of women who have stress shopping said they had purchased alcohol when stressed. About 82 percent of women spend on clothing compared to 52 percent of men. Women also lead shopping for jewellery, 42 percent, compared to 22 percent for men.
In some sense, stress shopping can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. The survey found 82 percent had only positive feelings about their purchases and that the positive mood was long-lasting. However, stress shopping, for many, could grow into a drive that uses up money, causes conflict, and therefore adds great stress to life.
Despite the in-time joy from purchases, stress shopping never proves a long-lasting cure to stress or depression. Actually it needs to be avoided anyhow. Whether you’re purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries having the items you need written down will provide you with brightness while shopping. Reward yourself for sticking to your list and you’ll be more likely to commit to it.
In addition always think about what you struggle with most financially. Do you spend too much money at the mall? Eating out? Vacations? Make a list of where your money is going and take necessary steps to resist your desire. For example, if you spend too much money on dining out on weekends, stuff your cupboard with food on Friday. So you’ll be more likely to stay in and cook. And you need to give up the need to keep up with others. Everyone’s financial situation is different and comparison may lead to debt and dissatisfaction with what you already have.
24．Why does the author mention those numbers in Paragraph 2?
A．To support an idea. B．To attract readers.
C．To call for actions. D．To introduce a topic.
25．Which of the following may help deal with stress shopping?
A．Stimulating desires. B．Recording spending.
C．Turning to medicines. D．Comparing with others.
26．What is the author’s attitude to stress shopping?
A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Negative.
27．What is a suitable title for the text?
A．Does shopping benefit us? B．More stressed, women or men?
C．Should we compare with others? D．Can stress shopping reduce stress?
C
Teaching middle-school children about climate change may be one of the most important things we can do to save the planet.It’s those kids who have the most potential, according to a new study.
It’s at this developmental age that students can master complex concepts like climate change and remain open to new ideas,the researchers say.Middle school is usually when we start to figure out how we really feel about the world and to form our own opinions.
The researchers carried out an experiment with students in North Carolina.They gave specialized climate change training to middle school teachers,sharing lessons that would specifically encourage the kids to interact with their parents and talk about the topic.Research has shown that lessons on climate change that have the most impact typically frame the topic around something you can often see or experience,so the lessons were focused on these themes,such as how the environment relates to animals or how an individual can directly affect the environment.
The researchers divided the students into two groups:a control group that didn’t get the specialized lessons and an experiment group who did.They also surveyed parents before, during and after the program,following these groups for two years.
After the program,the 357 students who got the special lessons and their parents showed a larger change in their level of concern about climate change than the 224 students who did not get the training.The 357 kids,the study found,can best reach adults and encourage them to act to fight climate change,regardless of their parents’ political beliefs.In fact,the researchers found this method has the greatest impact on the people who are otherwise hardest to convince:conservative (保守的) males.
“I really think it is very timely and really speaks to the fact that we have to prepare kids for climate change,”said study author Danielle Lawson.“Immediate action is key.We have about 12 years to take action together to keep the global average temperature from rising 1.5 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial levels.Beyond that critical point,climate change will have done permanent damage.”
28．Why do middle-school children have the most potential?
A．They are free from wrong ideas. B．They like to deal with complexity.
C．They are interested in the outside world. D．They are at an age to form their own views.
29．How can we describe the lesson topic?
A．Challenging. B．Familiar. C．Charming D．Limited.
30．What did the study find?
A．People’s political beliefs are hard to change.
B．The 357 kids are good at communication skills.
C．Kids receiving the lessons influence their parents more.
D．No method but this one can convince conservative males.
31．What can be inferred from Danielle Lawson?
A．We have enough time to take action.
B．It’s urgent to deal with climate change
C．The kids can solve the future climate challenge
D．We can do nothing about global warming after 2034.
D
A small device no bigger than a toaster has generated oxygen on the surface of Mars, bringing the chances of surviving on the red planet a step closer.
The Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment, better known as Moxie, has been generating oxygen from the atmosphere on Mars, as part of NASA’s Perseverance rover (漫游者)mission.
Moxie produced breathable oxygen in seven hour-long tests conducted in various weather and atmosphere conditions since landing. During each test, the device produced six grams of oxygen, about the same as a small tree and enough to sustain an astronaut for 15 minutes. It’s also found that even in extreme temperatures and after a Martian dust storm, Moxie continued to produce high-purity oxygen.
“This is the first demonstration of actually using resources on the surface of another planet and transforming them chemically into something that would be useful for a human mission,”said Jeff Hoffman, a retired astronaut and professor at MIT.
NASA and the MIT team are planning to build a bigger version of Moxie, as they hope advanced models will produce enough oxygen to support a crewed mission to Mars. “We have to bring a lot of stuff from Earth to support a human mission, but oxygen is a big problem. If you can make it there, go for it and you’re way ahead of the game,” Hoffman said.
The device uses pumps that absorb in carbon dioxide which is heated to 800 ℃ and processed to separate the carbon and oxygen. Carbon monoxide(一氧化碳)is emitted as waste while the pure oxygen is left behind.
Expanding the device to support a human mission to Mars presents challenges. It is needed to run continuously for 400 days, a leap from the one-hour tests and its inner temperature should be controlled stably. Moxie has proved to endure the extreme conditions on Mars, however, and the team plans to assess the machine’s limits in the coming months when atmosphere is thick and carbon dioxide levels are high. They say they just want to set everything as high as they dare and make as much oxygen as they can.
32．What can we learn about Moxie?
A．It works well in a series of tests.
B．It aims to purify breathable oxygen.
C．It is stopped by extreme conditions.
D．It produces oxygen enough for a team.
33．By quoting Hoffman’s words in Paragraph 5, the author intends to_____.
A．present a plan to further explore Mars
B．demonstrate NASA’s ambition to win the game
C．show the plentiful and useful resources on Mars
D．highlight the significance of making oxygen on Mars
34．Which of the following best describes the team according to the last paragraph?
A．Cautious and ambitious. B．Confident and intelligent.
C．Practical and independent. D．Courageous and imaginative.
35．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．A NASA Mars rover landed successfully. B．Challenges for a human mission to Mars.
C．Human survives with oxygen made on Mars. D．A little oxygen on Mars, a great leap forward.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题 2.5分,满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Running with a group has numerous benefits, especially when running long distances. But group running also requires that you follow some basic etiquette (礼仪) and behavior rules. Here’s advice on running etiquette for group running.
Leave your headphones at home. Sure, music helps push some runners along. However, it’s antisocial to wear headphones during a group run. It can also be dangerous because listening to music means you’ll be less aware of your surroundings. ____36____.
Don’t jingle (发出叮当声). ____37____, but you can bet that it will annoy at least one person in your group. You don’t want to become known as “The Annoying Loose Change Guy”.
Be prepared with what you need. ____38____. Carry your own water and food, as well as some cash or a credit card, just in case you need it.
Don’t run without considering the safety of others. Not only is it rude to take over a path and block other runners, walkers, or cyclists, but it can be a potential safety risk. To make other runners and cyclists easily pass, make sure you’re running no more than two abreast (并排), especially on busy roads, sidewalks, or paths. ____39____, such as running in a clockwise direction on a circular route.
____40____. Runners join groups for the social element, but that doesn’t mean they want to hear the same person talk non-stop about their running achievements, injuries, or life problems during every run. Ask people, especially the new members of the group, questions to give them a chance to speak.
A．Be silent sometimes.
B．Show up early or on time for the start of runs.
C．Don’t expect to rely on other runners for supplies.
D．Even if you know some group members very well.
E．Be aware of any special rules for running in parks or on paths.
F．Running with coins or keys in your pocket may not bother you
G．Besides, you won’t be able to hear instructions from other runners in your group.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A.B.C,D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a cool and breezy night. As I stood on the deck, I could feel the warm tangy smell coming from the sea. Earlier on, the ocean liner (邮轮) was still full of people who ____41____ and drank on the deck. Everyone was ____42____ asleep now and as I stood there, I could hear the hypnotic (催眠的) ____43____ of the waves.
I sat down at a corner and decided to rest my ____44____ head on my backpack. Slowly, my eyelids grew heavy and I dozed off. Suddenly, I was awaken by the rain ____45____ that fell on my face. The wind was blowing stronger and the waves got higher. The calm sea had turned ____46____. I struggled to stand up but lost my balance and fell as the ship was rocking ____47____. Many rushed out but they ____48____ from one side of the ship to another. The raging waters were crushing the ship and thunder seemed to smash upon our heads. People started to run about to seek shelter. After a long battle with the storm, it appeared to ____49____. We breathed in ____50____.
Suddenly someone shouted, “The ship is sinking!” Waters were rushing in as the side of the ship was damaged. I was ____51____ for words and stared blankly. “Hurry, John! There is no time to ____52____ !” I was ____53____ upon hearing my name as I was totally absorbed in the worries in my brain. I turned around and saw the rest of the passengers began to ____54____ a lifeboat. Without second thoughts, I joined them.
Until today, that terrifying ____55____ is still imprinted in my memory.
41．A．fed B．feasted C．entertained D．treated
42．A．highly B．soundly C．lately D．solidly
43．A．murmur B．shout C．breath D．weep
44．A．faint B．heavy C．clear D．thick
45．A．storms B．spots C．dots D．drops
46．A．rough B．tough C．sharp D．deep
47．A．gently B．abruptly C．violently D．swiftly
48．A．paced B．swept C．rolled D．slid
49．A．turn down B．die down C．die off D．turn away
50．A．relief B．satisfaction C．delight D．anticipation
51．A．in confusion B．at a loss C．at ease D．in chaos
52．A．lose B．save C．throw D．leave
53．A．pleased B．terrified C．startled D．amazed
54．A．board B．push C．squeeze D．drive
55．A．event B．challenge C．encounter D．adventure
第二节 (共 10 小题:每小题 1.5分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tibet was a region I was desperate to see, ____56____ its remoteness and my inability to go delayed my journey. Last summer, my brother and I finally decided to take the trip.
We set off at the Guangzhou train station and three days later, we arrived in Lhasa. The trip certainly took a while; however, we ____57____ (reward) with the most beautiful views and made friends along the way, all at a ____58____ (low) cost than flying.
We started our tour of Lhasa watching pilgrims(朝圣者)doing their morning prayers, ____59____(comprehensive) exploring the palace. We had an incredible lunch at one of the best restaurants in Lhasa, ____60____ offered a beautiful view overlooking the Jokhang Temple.
Then we started our journey to the Qomolangma base camp____61____ road from Lhasa. Along the way we stopped ____62____ (admire) the Yamdrok Lake. Its beauty was beyond ____63____(describe).
About a week later, we arrived. We stayed in a guesthouse just next to the base camp and after dropping off our luggage, ____64____ (head) straight outside to see the Mt. Qomolangma. The tip of the mountain emerged through the clouds, ____65____ (astonish) us with its unbelievable height. The clouds parted and we watched the sunset over the peak.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40分)
第一节应用文写作（满分15分）
66．假设你是晨光中学学生李津。目前在伦敦做交换生，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展，请你写一封信申请做志愿者。内容包括：
(1)写信目的；
(2)个人优势；
(3)能做的事情。
注意：（1）词数不少于 100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Li Jin
第二节读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Be a true runner
For me, it was normal to feel lost at the inter-camp track. Four camps of kids were ready to lead their teams to a blue ribbon and win the day. Not me. I was too little to be the leader and too skinny to be an athlete. I knew this by the time I was twelve, because my camp counselors（辅导员）and the other kids reminded me of it every chance they got. So when our camp needed a fourth runner in the two-mile race around the lake, I knew I was no one’s first choice.
I hid in the shade of a maple tree as they called the names of the runners, my body tensed as I heard a counselor call, “Fred! Where is Fred! He is in this race!” It was Barry. He spotted me under the tree. “Fred! We need a 12-year-old who hasn’t been in other events to run the two-mile!”
He gave me a push towards the starting line. Having no confidence and trying to save myself from the shame of taking the last place as four camps watched, I pleaded with him.
“But I don’t know the way around the lake!”
“You’re in. Just follow Bill!” Barry smiled.
Bill was my friend and the fastest runner in our camp. And then Barry said, “When you make it to the last stretch（最后一程）on the field, just throw your head back and run.”
At the starting line, I stood next to Bill and trembled.
“On your mark… Get set...” The gun cracked and sixteen of us took off. I stayed close on Bill’s heels, a little too close for Bill, I guess. He shouted at me, “Back off!”
I did. Two guys passed me, but I kept my eyes on Bill.
It was tiring. The distance was widening between Bill and me. We made the turn from the dusty road onto the muddy, wooded trail that would go around the lake back to the field. Through the trees, I saw Bill trip over a tree root and fall. A runner from another camp passed him.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置。
In a moment, Bill was up again and running.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I didn’t know when I crossed the finish line.
参考答案：
1．B
【原文】M: What is in that field over there? I think it is a sheep.
W: I see it. No, it’s actually a cow. I wish we would see a horse. I’ve always wanted to ride one!
2．C
【原文】
3．A
【原文】M: Last night I had an interesting dream. I dreamed I won a competition.
W: Oh, that sounds cool. What did you win, money or a new car?
M: A holiday on an amazing island. How I wish it could come true!
4．B
【原文】M: What would you like to have for dessert, apples or oranges?
W: As for dessert, I’d like to have oranges rather than apples. But usually I prefer watermelons to anything else.
5．C
【原文】M: How is everything going in your classes?
W: Well, it’s a little hard for me to follow everything my teachers say, especially in my math and chemistry classes. I first thought physics would be difficult, but it turns out pretty interesting to me.
6．A 7．C
【原文】W: Tell me about the basketball match, John.
M: Well, our team played well. We scored lots of points. Then I fell and hurt my leg, but I carried on playing. The other team was really better than us, though.
W: So did you lose?
M: No, because in the final seconds, I managed to get the ball, jump up to the basket and score. That meant we’d won! I thought my team might carry me out of the gym like a hero, but they didn’t. So I was a bit disappointed.
W: Well, maybe next time.
8．B 9．C
【原文】M: The trees here in the garden are beautiful. But they don’t look native to this place.
W: Yeah. My grandfather planted them himself. He got seeds from different parts of the world. The ones by the house are from New Zealand. But the tall ones in the back garden are from Australia. This one in the front garden is from California, and it’s my favorite tree to climb.
M: Are the flowers from different places, too?
W: No, they’re all from here in Florida.
10．B 11．A 12．C
【原文】M: Time for bed, Susie. Christmas break is over, and you have to be in class at 8:00 tomorrow.
W: But I’m not tired, Dad. Can’t I just play one more video game?
M: It’s already 10:30.
W: I know, but I promise I won’t be tired. Please?
M: Don’t you have exams soon? If you’re going to stay up, shouldn’t you be studying?
W: Oh, I forgot all about that.
M: You’ve been doing well in English and history, but you’ve had problems with math, haven’t you?
W: Yeah. Maybe I can go to sleep now and then get up early and look at my math textbook.
M: That’s a good idea.
W: Dad, can I just play for thirty more minutes? It’s the last bit of my holiday!
M: No.
W: Fine.
13．C 14．B 15．A 16．B
【原文】W: We’re talking with Yang Wei, who just returned home to China after living in San Francisco for one year. What would you say is the biggest difference between your life in America and your life in China?
M: I guess the most obvious one would be the food culture. In Beijing, people eat out a lot, and people tend to be much more loud and outgoing in restaurants. For example, in China, it is common to see people drinking and talking loudly in the middle of a restaurant. In America, however, people like to enjoy a quiet meal. If you are too loud, the waiter might come over to your table and remind you to keep it down, and they would certainly not serve you drink if you appeared drunk.
W: What about the variety of food?
M: This is where America might have the advantage. Although Chinese food is unbelievably varied, I would have to say that the quality of food from all over the world is better in the States. While there are many Africans, Europeans, and North Americans in China, there are even fewer people from the Middle East, South America, and the Caribbean. As a result, it is harder to find really good food from those areas. But America has always been a country of immigrants (移民), so this is one area in which it just might be No.1 in the world.
W: Interestingly. Why don’t we take some questions from the audience?
17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A
【原文】M: Hello, everyone. I’m an engineer from Apple. It’s my great honor to be here to share my knowledge with so many international scientists and business owners. I’m grateful for your coming. I’ve spent my entire career trying to advance the quality of artificial intelligence, or AI for short. But back in college, I majored in marketing and had absolutely no idea of AI at all.So how did I start my career in this field? Apple’s Siri was the first application of AI that I had ever known. From that invention, I knew AI would change the world one day. I then put my heart and efforts into it. That was 10 years ago. Luckily, it turns out that I have made the right choice. Now the industry has made much progress and is playing an increasingly important role in people’s life. The public nowadays feels excited about its development. AI frees them from boring and low-skilled tasks, making life a lot easier and more enjoyable.But I feel that we are still in the early days of AI. We are viewing current AI technology as we viewed computers in the 1990s. There is still a long way to go.
21．B 22．D 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了新英格兰水族馆的四个项目信息。
21．推理判断题。根据第一段“Do you want to travel to the New England Aquarium and experience it?（你想去新英格兰水族馆体验一下吗？）”和后文可知，本文主要介绍了新英格兰水族馆的四个项目信息，所以文章出处为guidebook“导游手册”，故选择B项。.
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“For a fee, schools and other qualifying groups can also choose Explorer Classes for kids and special 3-D showings. (学校和其他有资格的团体也可以付费为孩子们选择探索者课程和特殊3D放映。)”可知，为孩子们选择探索班不包括在门票内。故选择D项。
23．细节理解题，根据最后一段“The How to Be a Shark and Ray ( 鳐鱼) Whisperer video gives special instructions on how to best experience our shark and ray touch tank.（How to Be a Shark和Ray（鳐鱼) Whisper视频提供了如何最好地体验我们的鲨鱼和鳐鱼接触式水箱的特别说明。）”可知水族馆设立虚拟旅游和视频是为了帮助游客最好的体验水族馆，故选择A项。.
24．A 25．B 26．D 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论压力购物是否能真的减轻压力。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段“More than half of the 1,000 consumers surveyed by Credit Karma, head researcher of the study, said they have shopped to deal with feelings of stress or depression. About 48 percent of men and 31 percent of women who have stress shopping said they had purchased alcohol when stressed. About 82 percent of women spend on clothing compared to 52 percent of men. Women also lead shopping for jewellery, 42 percent, compared to 22 percent for men.(该研究的首席研究员Credit Karma调查了1000名消费者，其中超过一半的人表示，他们曾通过购物来缓解压力或抑郁。大约48%的男性和31%的女性在压力下购物，他们说他们在压力下会买酒。大约82%的女性会在服装上花钱，而男性的这一比例为52%。女性购买珠宝的比例为42%，男性为22%)”可推知，这些数字是为了说明很多人通过购物来缓解压力。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段“Whether you’re purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries having the items you need written down will provide you with brightness while shopping.(无论你是在买圣诞礼物还是买杂货，把你需要的东西写下来都会让你在购物时头脑清醒)”可知，可以记录支出帮助你应对压力购物。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段“However, stress shopping, for many, could grow into a drive that uses up money, causes conflict, and therefore adds great stress to life.(然而，对许多人来说，压力购物可能会发展成一种消耗金钱、引起冲突的冲动，因此给生活增加了巨大的压力)”和第四段“Despite the in-time joy from purchases, stress shopping never proves a long-lasting cure to stress or depression.(尽管购物能带来及时的快乐，但压力购物从来没有被证明是一种长期治愈压力或抑郁的方法)”可推知，作者对于压力购物是否定的。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“According to a study done by University of Michigan, shopping to reduce stress was 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad than those only looking at items.(根据密歇根大学的一项研究，通过购物来减压能给人40倍的控制感，购物的人比只看东西的人少三倍的悲伤)”和第四段“Despite the in-time joy from purchases, stress shopping never proves a long-lasting cure to stress or depression.(尽管购物能带来及时的快乐，但压力购物从来没有被证明是一种长期治愈压力或抑郁的方法)”可知，本文主要讨论压力购物是否能减轻压力。故选D。
28．D 29．B 30．C 31．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究表明向向中学生传授气候变化知识可能是我们拯救地球所能做的最重要的事情之一。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s at this developmental age that students can master complex concepts like climate change and remain open to new ideas,the researchers say.Middle school is usually when we start to figure out how we really feel about the world and to form our own opinions.(研究人员表示，正是在这个发展阶段，学生才能掌握气候变化等复杂概念，并对新思想乐于接受。中学通常是我们开始了解自己对世界的真实感受并形成自己观点的时候)”可知，中学生在拯救地球这方面最有潜力是因为他们正处于形成自己观点的年龄。故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话“Research has shown that lessons on climate change that have the most impact typically frame the topic around something you can often see or experience,so.the lessons were focused on these themes,such as how the environment relates to animals or how an individual can directly affect the environment.(研究表明，影响最大的气候变化课程通常围绕着你经常看到或体验到的东西来阐述这个话题，因此，这些课程侧重于这些主题，例如环境如何与动物相关或个体如何直接影响环境)”可推知，这些主题是围绕我们经常看到或体验到的东西来阐述的。所以我们对这些主题是熟悉的。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句话“The 357 kids,the study found,can best reach adults and encourage them to act to fight climate change,regardless of their parents’ political beliefs.In fact,the researchers found this method has the greatest impact on the people who are otherwise hardest to convince:conservative(保守的)males.(研究发现，这357个孩子不管他们父母的政治信仰如何，可以最好的与成年人联系，并鼓励他们采取行动应对气候变化。事实上，研究人员发现，这种方法对那些最难以说服的人——保守的男性——影响最大。)”可推知，接受课程的孩子对父母的影响更大。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段 Danielle Lawson所说的话“Immediate action is key.We have about 12 years to take action together to keep the global average temperature from rising 1.5 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial levels.Beyond that critical point,climate change will have done permanent damage.(立即采取行动是关键。我们有大约12年的时间共同采取行动，防止全球平均气温比工业化前水平上升1.5摄氏度。超过这一临界点，气候变化将造成永久性破坏)”可知，Danielle Lawson认为我们现在必须采取行动来保护我们的地球，防止气候变化，否则气候变化将造成永久性破坏。由此可推知，应对气候变化是当务之急。故选B。
32．A 33．D 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了是这个Moxie设备，它能让人类在登录火星后产生大量的氧气，这使人类在火星上生存的机会更近了一步。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Moxie produced breathable oxygen in seven hour-long tests conducted in various weather and atmosphere conditions since landing. During each test, the device produced six grams of oxygen, about the same as a small tree and enough to sustain an astronaut for 15 minutes. (Moxie在着陆后在各种天气和大气条件下进行了7个小时的测试，产生了可呼吸的氧气。在每次测试中，该设备产生了6克氧气，大约相当于一棵小树，足以维持一名宇航员15分钟的生命。)”可知，Moxie在各项实验中起着良好的作用。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据第五段中“We have to bring a lot of stuff from Earth to support a human mission, but oxygen is a big problem.(我们必须从地球上带很多东西来支持人类的任务，但氧气是个大问题。)”以及“ If you can make it there, go for it and you’re way ahead of the game.(如果你能做到，那就努力去做，你已经走在了探索的前面。)”可知，本段主要强调的是在火星上氧气的重要性，即本段强调通过建造更大的Moxie在火星上制造更多的氧气故本段强调了在火星上制造氧气的重要性。故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ It is needed to run continuously for 400 days, a leap from the one-hour tests and its inner temperature should be controlled stably. (它需要连续运行400天，远远超过1小时的测试，其内部温度需要稳定控制。)”可知，研究团队需要花费大量时间进行测试，保证内部温度稳定，体现出研究团队的严谨性，同时根据本段中“Moxie has proved to endure the extreme conditions on Mars, however, and the team plans to assess the machine’s limits in the coming months when atmosphere is thick and carbon dioxide levels are high. (Moxie已经被证明能忍受火星上的极端条件，研究小组计划在未来几个月评估机器的极限，那时大气很厚，二氧化碳含量很高。)”可知，Moxie已经被证明能忍受火星上的极端条件但是研究小组继续坚持突破极限，这是有抱负的体现。故选A。
35．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Moxie produced breathable oxygen in seven hour-long tests conducted in various weather and atmosphere conditions since landing. (Moxie在着陆后在各种天气和大气条件下进行了7个小时的测试，产生了可呼吸的氧气。)”以及第一段中“A small device no bigger than a toaster has generated oxygen on the surface of Mars, bringing the chances of surviving on the red planet a step closer.( 一个比烤面包机大不了多少的小装置在火星表面产生了氧气，这使在这颗红色星球上生存的机会更近了一步。)”可知，本文主要介绍了是这个Moxie设备，它能让人类在登录火星后产生大量的氧气，这使人类在火星上生存的机会更近了一步。D选项“A little oxygen on Mars, a great leap forward.(火星上有一点氧气，这是一个巨大的飞跃。)”可以概括全文。故选D。
36．G 37．F 38．C 39．E 40．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了参加集体跑步时的基本礼仪和注意事项。
36．根据上文“It can also be dangerous because listening to music means you’ll be less aware of your surroundings. (它也可能是危险的，因为听音乐意味着你对周围环境的意识会降低。)”可知，上文介绍了跑步时听音乐的危害，G项意为“此外，你将无法听到团队中其他跑步者的指示。”选项能够承接上文，介绍的也是跑步时听音乐的危害，你将无法听到团队中其他跑步者的指示。故选G。
37．根据下文“but you can bet that it will annoy at least one person in your group. (但你可以打赌，这会惹恼你团队中的至少一个人。)”可知，上文介绍的应该是一种会惹恼你团队成员的事情，F项意为“口袋里装着硬币或钥匙跑步可能不会打扰你”选项与下文构成转折关系，口袋里装着硬币或钥匙跑步可能不会打扰你，但硬币或钥匙发出的叮当声可能会惹恼你团队成员。故选F。
38．根据段落小标题“Be prepared with what you need. (准备好你需要的东西。)”可知，跑步之前我们要准备好我们需要的东西，C项意为“不要指望依靠其他跑步者获得补给。”选项符合段落主旨，我们要准备好我们需要的东西，不能指望依靠其他跑步者获得补给。故选C。
39．根据下文“such as running in a clockwise direction on a circular route. (例如在环行路线上沿顺时针方向跑步。)”可知，下文介绍了一种跑步规则，E项意为“注意在公园或小路上跑步的任何特殊规则。”选项能够引起下文，下文正是对特殊规则的举例，例如在环行路线上沿顺时针方向跑步。故选E。
40．根据下文“Runners join groups for the social element, but that doesn’t mean they want to hear the same person talk non-stop about their running achievements, injuries, or life problems during every run. (跑步者加入团体是为了社交，但这并不意味着他们希望在每次跑步中听到同一个人不停地谈论自己的跑步成绩、受伤或生活问题。)”可知，跑步者不希望在每次跑步中听到同一个成员不停地谈论自己的事情，A项意为“有时保持沉默。”选项能够概括段落主旨，在团队跑步中，有时我们需要保持沉默，不要一直谈论自己的事情。故选A。
41． B 42．B 43．A 44．B 45．D
46．A 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．A
51．B 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．C
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者乘坐的一艘邮轮在海上突遇暴风雨，邮轮被损坏开始下沉，作者和其他乘客最终乘坐救生船而获救的一段可怕的经历。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：早些时候，远洋邮轮上仍然坐满了在甲板上吃喝的人。A. fed 喂养；B. feasted 饱餐、尽情享用；C. entertained 招待、请客；D. treated 对待、款待。根据句中并列动词“drank”可知，邮轮上的乘客应该是在甲板上又吃又喝。故选B。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在大家都睡着了。A. highly 高度地、非常；B. soundly 酣然地、香甜地；C. lately 近来、最近；D. solidly 坚固地、坚硬地。由下文中的“I could hear the hypnotic (催眠的) 3 of the waves.”可知，作者能够听到海浪催眠般的声音，说明很安静，人们应该都已经酣然入睡。故选B。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，能听到海浪催眠般的低语。A. murmur 低语；B. shout 喊叫声、呼喊；C. breath 呼吸；D. weep 哭泣。由句中“hypnotic”可知，此时海浪的声音应该是很轻柔的、催眠般的低语。故选A。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在一个角落里坐下，决定把沉重的脑袋靠在背包上。A. faint 苍白的；B. heavy 沉重的；C. clear 清晰的；D. thick 厚的、浓的。由前文“Everyone was soundly asleep now ”可知，大家都睡着了，所以作者应该也很困了，脑袋也变得沉重了。故选B。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，我被落在我脸上的雨滴吵醒了。A. storms 暴风雨；B. spots 斑点、污点；C. dots 小圆点、点；D.drops 水滴、滴。由空处前“rain”及句意可知，是雨滴落在了作者的脸上。故选D。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：平静的大海变得波涛汹涌。A. rough 汹涌的、风浪大的、粗糙的；B. tough 艰难的、严厉的；C. sharp 尖锐的、锋利的；D. deep 深的。根据上一句“The wind was blowing stronger and the waves got higher. ”（风刮得更大了，海浪也更高了）可知，原本平静的海面起了风浪，开始变得波涛汹涌了。故选A。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我挣扎着站起来，但由于船剧烈摇晃，我失去了平衡，摔了下去。A. gently 轻柔地、和缓地；B. abruptly 突然地；C. violently猛烈地、粗暴地；D. swiftly 迅速地、敏捷地。由句意可知，作者很难站起来，也无法保持平衡，结合前文的“The calm sea had turned rough”，可知，船应该是剧烈地晃动。故选C。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人冲了出来，但他们从船的一边滑到了另一边。A. paced 踱步；B. swept 打扫、席卷；C. rolled 翻滚、滚动；D. slid 滑行、滑动。根据上一句“I struggled to stand up but lost my balance and fell as the ship was rocking violently.”可知，船在剧烈晃动，人很难保持平衡，所以在倾斜的并且湿滑的船上应该是从一边滑到另一边。故选D。
49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在与暴风雨进行了长时间的搏斗之后，暴风雨似乎逐渐平息了。A. turn down 调小声音、拒绝；B. die down 逐渐平息；C. die off 相继死去；D. turn away 避开、不准……入内。根据下一句“We breathed in 10”及本句句意可知，人们在与暴风雨长时间搏斗后轻松呼吸，应该是暴风雨逐渐平息了。故选B。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们松了一口气。A. relief 宽慰、轻松；in relief 松了口气；B. satisfaction 满意、满足；C.delight 高兴；D. anticipation 预期、预料。由前一句“it appeared to die down”可知，暴风雨逐渐平息了下来，所以人们都松了一口气。故选A。
51．考查介词短语辨析。句意：我无言以对，茫然地盯着。A. in confusion 混乱、乱七八糟；B. at a loss 茫然、不知所措；C. at ease 舒适、自由自在；D. in chaos 混乱。根据上一句“Waters were rushing in as the side of the ship was damaged.”可知，船受到了损坏，就要下沉了，结合句中“stared blankly”可知，作者此时心里非常无助，茫然不知所措，也不知道该说什么。故选B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有时间耽搁了。A. lose 失去、浪费；B. save 拯救、节省；C. throw 扔、投掷；D. leave 离开、留下。根据上一句“Hurry, John!”，并结合当时就要沉船的场景可知，时间非常紧迫，必须尽快逃离邮轮，说明没有可以失去或是耽搁的时间了。故选A。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一听到自己的名字就吓了一跳，因为我完全沉浸在脑子里的担忧中。A. pleased 高兴的、满意的；B. terrified 害怕的、惊恐的；C. startled 受惊吓的；D. amazed 惊奇的、惊讶的。根据句中“as I was totally absorbed in the worries in my brain. ”可知，作者当时完全陷入了担忧的思绪中，所以一听到有人叫自己的名字，就会条件反射般地被吓了一跳。故选C。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：转过身来，我看到其余的乘客开始登上救生艇。A. board 登上（火车、轮船或飞机）；B. push 推动、敦促；C. squeeze 挤压、压榨；D. drive 驾驶、驱使。根据本段中“The ship is sinking!”及全段内容可知，船正在下沉，乘客们需要尽快逃离轮船，所以都在登上救生艇逃生。故选A。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到今天，那次可怕的遭遇仍然铭刻在我的记忆中。A. event 事件、大事；B. challenge 挑战；C. encounter 遭遇、邂逅；D. adventure 冒险、奇遇。由句中“terrifying”及全文内容可知，对于作者来说，这段经历是一次可怕的、意想不到的遭遇。故选C。
56． But/yet 57．were rewarded 58．lower 59．comprehensively 60．which
61．by 62．to admire 63．description 64．headed 65．astonishing
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和兄弟去年去西藏旅行的见闻。
56．考查连词。句意：西藏是一个我非常想去的地方，但它的偏远和我无法去耽误了我的旅程。根据句意可知，上下文为转折关系，应用but/yet连接。故填but/yet。
57．考查时态和语态。句意：然而，一路上我们收获了最美的风景，交到了朋友，所有这些花费都比坐飞机便宜。空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境和下文and made判断为一般过去时，主语we和reward之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填were rewarded。
58．考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，一路上我们收获了最美的风景，交到了朋友，所有这些花费都比坐飞机便宜。结合句子结构和than可知，此处应用形容词low的比较级lower修饰名词cost。故填lower。
59．考查副词。句意：我们开始了拉萨之旅，观看朝圣者进行晨祷，全面探索宫殿。修饰后文非谓语动词exploring应用副词。故填comprehensively。
60．考查定语从句。句意：我们在拉萨最好的餐厅之一吃了一顿令人难以置信的午餐，那里可以俯瞰大昭寺的美景。空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰指物的先行词one of the best restaurants in Lhasa，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
61．考查介词。句意：然后我们从拉萨出发，沿公路前往珠穆朗玛大本营。根据句意表示“沿公路，通过公路”用by road。故填by。
62．考查固定短语。句意：沿途我们停下来欣赏羊卓克湖。结合句意表示“停下来去做某事”为stop to do sth.。故填to admire。
63．考查名词。句意：它的美丽无法形容。此处应用名词作宾语，beyond description“无法形容，难以形容”，为固定表达。故填description。
64．考查时态。句意：我们住在大本营旁边的一家宾馆里，在放下行李后，我们径直走出去看珠穆朗玛峰。分析可知，空处和上文stayed是并列的谓语动词，也应用一般过去时。故填headed。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：山顶直插云霄，以其难以置信的高度使我们吃惊。分析可知，逗号后部分是状语，空处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语The tip of the mountain和astonish之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填astonishing。
66．
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am Li Jin, an exchange student from China currently studying in London. I am more than delighted to hear that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held in the local gallery and volunteers are needed, I am writing to apply for the position.
The reasons for my application are as follows. First and foremost, I have a good knowledge of Chinese paintings, so not only can I explain to the visitors the beauty of the paintings, but also tell the stories behind them. In addition, I have a good command of English, which makes me have no difficulty communicating with others. Last but not least, I am so enthusiastic and responsible that I do hold the belief that I am perfectly qualified for the job as a volunteer.
I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Jin
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信，申请当当地美术馆要举办的中国画展的志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→happy
职位：position→post
首先：first and foremost→first of all
把……考虑进去：take...into consideration→take...into account
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am Li Jin, an exchange student from China currently studying in London.
拓展句：I am Li Jin, who is an exchange student from China currently studying in London.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In addition, I have a good command of English, which makes me have no difficulty communicating with others. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Last but not least, I am so enthusiastic and responsible that I do hold the belief that I am perfectly qualified for the job as a volunteer. (运用了so...that引导的结果状语从句和that引导的同位语从句)
67．
In a moment, Bill was up and running. I couldn’t think of anything but to follow him closely. I could even feel the air hitting my face and I was totally worn out. Naturally, my pace slowed down. Just at the moment, Barry’s words “Just follow Bill” called me back. Convinced that I was no longer a loser, I refreshed up again and accelerated and soon I was quite close to Bill again. Injected with confidence, I headed for the finishing line. The gun cracked again, announcing the last 200 meters. I closed my eyes, threw my head back and ran with my last ounce of strength, in the direction of the dream line.
I didn’t know when I crossed the line. I still kept running on when a thunderous applause burst, which signaled the birth of the champion. I stopped and opened my eyes and saw my camp of kids and the camp counsellor gathering around me. “We have won the race! We are the champion!” they shouted and cheered, throwing me in the air. Showered with hugs and applause and whistles, I felt a surge of gaiety sweeping over me. To me, the race meant more than a champion; it well proved that I was not a loser as an athlete and that I could further explore my potential. Just as Hemingway put it, “The true nobility is superior to your former self.”
【导语】本文以人物和时间为线索展开，讲述了Fred因个儿小人瘦弱而一直没有机会在赛道上为自己队争得荣誉，心生自卑，但是一次环湖2英里的比赛中，辅导员Barry选他当第四个参赛运动员，并指点他只要跟着他的朋友，跑得最快的Bill就行了；Fred照做了，尽管心里忐忑，疲惫不堪，但最终获得了团体冠军，也使他对自己充满了自信。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“不一会儿，比尔爬了起来，又开始跑”可知，第一段可描写Fred跟在Bill后面的状况，Barry的话鼓舞了Fred，在最后200处他全力冲向终点线。
②由第二段首句内容“我不知道我什么时候越过了终点线。”可知，第二段可描写Fred的努力使小组赢得冠军，看着欢呼的老师和同学时Fred的心理变化。
2.续写线索：Bill爬起来后——Fred筋疲力尽时——最后200米时——越过终点线后——得知比赛结果后
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.疲惫不堪：be worn out/be tired out/be completely exhausted
②.加速：accelerate/speed up
③.发掘我的潜力：explore my potential/exploit my potential
情绪类
①.充满自信：be injected with confidence/be filled with confidence
②.喝彩：cheer/applaud
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Injected with confidence, I headed for the finishing line. （运用了过去分词作状语）
[高分句型2].it well proved that I was not a loser as an athlete and that I could further explore my potential. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
江西省新余市第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期第一次段考英语试卷（WORD版及答案详解）20230311
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 (共5小题;每小题 1.5分,满分 7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Which animal is in the field?
A．A sheep. B．A cow. C．A horse.
2．What is the problem?
A．The woman doesn’t like orange juice.
B．The man was looking for orange juice.
C．The man broke the container of juice.
3．What did the man win in his dream?
A．A holiday. B．A new car. C．Some money.
4．What does the woman like best?
A．Oranges. B．Watermelons. C．Apples.
5．Which subject is interesting to the woman?
A．Math. B．Chemistry. C．Physics.
第二节（共15小题; 每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6．What happened to the boy in the basketball match?
A．He injured his leg. B．He failed to score the ball. C．He left the match half way.
7．Why was the boy disappointed?
A．His team lost the match. B．He performed badly in the match.
C．His teammates didn’t treat him as a hero.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．A family story. B．A garden. C．A travel plan.
9．Where are the trees by the house from?
A．Australia. B．America. C．New Zealand.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why does Dad ask the girl to go to bed?
A．They have a holiday tomorrow.
B．She has to go to school tomorrow.
C．Her exams are coming up next week.
11．What subject does the girl need to study the most?
A．Math. B．English. C．History.
12．What will the girl do next?
A．Play video games. B．Review her textbook. C．Go to sleep.
听第9段材料,回答第 13至 16 题。
13．How long did the man live in San Francisco?
A．Ten years. B．Five years. C．One year.
14．How do Americans behave in restaurants?
A．They are very outgoing. B．They are usually quiet. C．They often drink much.
15．Where can one enjoy international food better?
A．In America. B．In China. C．In Middle East.
16．Who might the woman be?
A．A guide. B．A hostess. C．A traveler.
听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。
17．What does the speaker do?
A．He is an engineer. B．He is a scientist. C．He is a businessman.
18．What was the speaker’s major in college?
A．Business. B．Computer. C．Marketing.
19．Where did the speaker get the idea of starting his career in AI?
A．From his teacher. B．From Apple’s Siri. C．From a famous scientist.
20．How do people feel about the development of AI according to the speaker?
A．Glad. B．Worried. C．Unconcerned.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A.B.C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Do you want to travel to the New England Aquarium and experience it? If you are an aquarium super fan, I believe you must be interested in some information below.
Animal Encounter Programs
Dive into the water with a seal. Stand on top of the four storey Giant Ocean Tank to feed the animals. Go behind the scenes of your favorite exhibits. Whether you have an unquenchable curiosity about oceanic animals or you want a brand-new observation on popular exhibits, fascinating Animal Encounter Programs are designed for the Aquarium super fans. Call Central Reservations at 617-973-5206 to book your program.
Daily Performances
Don’t miss a day in the life of the New England Aquarium. Be sure to catch our daily events, which include penguin feedings, seal training sessions, dives in the Giant Ocean Tank and live animal performances. Our daily schedule will tell you when and where to watch your favorite program. All programs are included with admission.
Special Programs
Join us for family activities at the Aquarium, where we explore the blue planet most days through art, animals and other activities. We focus on one animal every month with Blue Discoveries Family Day, from octopuses to whales. These activities are included with admission. For a fee, schools and other qualifying groups can also choose Explorer Classes for kids and special 3-D showings.
Virtual Tours and Videos
Before stepping foot in the Aquarium, explore some of our special exhibits and learn what to expect. Check out the Field Trip Orientation video before arriving with your group. The How to Be a Shark and Ray Whisperer video gives special instructions on how to best experience our shark and ray touch tank. The Blue Impact virtual tour highlights some of our exhibits as it explains the impact of climate change on oceans around the world.
21．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A magazine. B．A guidebook.
C．A textbook. D．An academic article.
22．Which activity is NOT included with admission?
A．Penguin feedings. B．Seal training sessions.
C．live animal performances. D．Explorer Classes.
23．What’s the purpose of Virtual Tours and Videos?
A．To help visitors best experience the aquarium.
B．To draw attention to climate change on oceans.
C．To sell video disks of the aquarium to the visitors.
D．To give instructions on how to protect oceanic animals.
B
According to a study done by University of Michigan, shopping to reduce stress was 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad than those only looking at items.
More than half of the 1,000 consumers surveyed by Credit Karma, head researcher of the study, said they have shopped to deal with feelings of stress or depression. About 48 percent of men and 31 percent of women who have stress shopping said they had purchased alcohol when stressed. About 82 percent of women spend on clothing compared to 52 percent of men. Women also lead shopping for jewellery, 42 percent, compared to 22 percent for men.
In some sense, stress shopping can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. The survey found 82 percent had only positive feelings about their purchases and that the positive mood was long-lasting. However, stress shopping, for many, could grow into a drive that uses up money, causes conflict, and therefore adds great stress to life.
Despite the in-time joy from purchases, stress shopping never proves a long-lasting cure to stress or depression. Actually it needs to be avoided anyhow. Whether you’re purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries having the items you need written down will provide you with brightness while shopping. Reward yourself for sticking to your list and you’ll be more likely to commit to it.
In addition always think about what you struggle with most financially. Do you spend too much money at the mall? Eating out? Vacations? Make a list of where your money is going and take necessary steps to resist your desire. For example, if you spend too much money on dining out on weekends, stuff your cupboard with food on Friday. So you’ll be more likely to stay in and cook. And you need to give up the need to keep up with others. Everyone’s financial situation is different and comparison may lead to debt and dissatisfaction with what you already have.
24．Why does the author mention those numbers in Paragraph 2?
A．To support an idea. B．To attract readers.
C．To call for actions. D．To introduce a topic.
25．Which of the following may help deal with stress shopping?
A．Stimulating desires. B．Recording spending.
C．Turning to medicines. D．Comparing with others.
26．What is the author’s attitude to stress shopping?
A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Negative.
27．What is a suitable title for the text?
A．Does shopping benefit us? B．More stressed, women or men?
C．Should we compare with others? D．Can stress shopping reduce stress?
C
Teaching middle-school children about climate change may be one of the most important things we can do to save the planet.It’s those kids who have the most potential, according to a new study.
It’s at this developmental age that students can master complex concepts like climate change and remain open to new ideas,the researchers say.Middle school is usually when we start to figure out how we really feel about the world and to form our own opinions.
The researchers carried out an experiment with students in North Carolina.They gave specialized climate change training to middle school teachers,sharing lessons that would specifically encourage the kids to interact with their parents and talk about the topic.Research has shown that lessons on climate change that have the most impact typically frame the topic around something you can often see or experience,so the lessons were focused on these themes,such as how the environment relates to animals or how an individual can directly affect the environment.
The researchers divided the students into two groups:a control group that didn’t get the specialized lessons and an experiment group who did.They also surveyed parents before, during and after the program,following these groups for two years.
After the program,the 357 students who got the special lessons and their parents showed a larger change in their level of concern about climate change than the 224 students who did not get the training.The 357 kids,the study found,can best reach adults and encourage them to act to fight climate change,regardless of their parents’ political beliefs.In fact,the researchers found this method has the greatest impact on the people who are otherwise hardest to convince:conservative (保守的) males.
“I really think it is very timely and really speaks to the fact that we have to prepare kids for climate change,”said study author Danielle Lawson.“Immediate action is key.We have about 12 years to take action together to keep the global average temperature from rising 1.5 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial levels.Beyond that critical point,climate change will have done permanent damage.”
28．Why do middle-school children have the most potential?
A．They are free from wrong ideas. B．They like to deal with complexity.
C．They are interested in the outside world. D．They are at an age to form their own views.
29．How can we describe the lesson topic?
A．Challenging. B．Familiar. C．Charming D．Limited.
30．What did the study find?
A．People’s political beliefs are hard to change.
B．The 357 kids are good at communication skills.
C．Kids receiving the lessons influence their parents more.
D．No method but this one can convince conservative males.
31．What can be inferred from Danielle Lawson?
A．We have enough time to take action.
B．It’s urgent to deal with climate change
C．The kids can solve the future climate challenge
D．We can do nothing about global warming after 2034.
D
A small device no bigger than a toaster has generated oxygen on the surface of Mars, bringing the chances of surviving on the red planet a step closer.
The Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment, better known as Moxie, has been generating oxygen from the atmosphere on Mars, as part of NASA’s Perseverance rover (漫游者)mission.
Moxie produced breathable oxygen in seven hour-long tests conducted in various weather and atmosphere conditions since landing. During each test, the device produced six grams of oxygen, about the same as a small tree and enough to sustain an astronaut for 15 minutes. It’s also found that even in extreme temperatures and after a Martian dust storm, Moxie continued to produce high-purity oxygen.
“This is the first demonstration of actually using resources on the surface of another planet and transforming them chemically into something that would be useful for a human mission,”said Jeff Hoffman, a retired astronaut and professor at MIT.
NASA and the MIT team are planning to build a bigger version of Moxie, as they hope advanced models will produce enough oxygen to support a crewed mission to Mars. “We have to bring a lot of stuff from Earth to support a human mission, but oxygen is a big problem. If you can make it there, go for it and you’re way ahead of the game,” Hoffman said.
The device uses pumps that absorb in carbon dioxide which is heated to 800 ℃ and processed to separate the carbon and oxygen. Carbon monoxide(一氧化碳)is emitted as waste while the pure oxygen is left behind.
Expanding the device to support a human mission to Mars presents challenges. It is needed to run continuously for 400 days, a leap from the one-hour tests and its inner temperature should be controlled stably. Moxie has proved to endure the extreme conditions on Mars, however, and the team plans to assess the machine’s limits in the coming months when atmosphere is thick and carbon dioxide levels are high. They say they just want to set everything as high as they dare and make as much oxygen as they can.
32．What can we learn about Moxie?
A．It works well in a series of tests.
B．It aims to purify breathable oxygen.
C．It is stopped by extreme conditions.
D．It produces oxygen enough for a team.
33．By quoting Hoffman’s words in Paragraph 5, the author intends to_____.
A．present a plan to further explore Mars
B．demonstrate NASA’s ambition to win the game
C．show the plentiful and useful resources on Mars
D．highlight the significance of making oxygen on Mars
34．Which of the following best describes the team according to the last paragraph?
A．Cautious and ambitious. B．Confident and intelligent.
C．Practical and independent. D．Courageous and imaginative.
35．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．A NASA Mars rover landed successfully. B．Challenges for a human mission to Mars.
C．Human survives with oxygen made on Mars. D．A little oxygen on Mars, a great leap forward.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题 2.5分,满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Running with a group has numerous benefits, especially when running long distances. But group running also requires that you follow some basic etiquette (礼仪) and behavior rules. Here’s advice on running etiquette for group running.
Leave your headphones at home. Sure, music helps push some runners along. However, it’s antisocial to wear headphones during a group run. It can also be dangerous because listening to music means you’ll be less aware of your surroundings. ____36____.
Don’t jingle (发出叮当声). ____37____, but you can bet that it will annoy at least one person in your group. You don’t want to become known as “The Annoying Loose Change Guy”.
Be prepared with what you need. ____38____. Carry your own water and food, as well as some cash or a credit card, just in case you need it.
Don’t run without considering the safety of others. Not only is it rude to take over a path and block other runners, walkers, or cyclists, but it can be a potential safety risk. To make other runners and cyclists easily pass, make sure you’re running no more than two abreast (并排), especially on busy roads, sidewalks, or paths. ____39____, such as running in a clockwise direction on a circular route.
____40____. Runners join groups for the social element, but that doesn’t mean they want to hear the same person talk non-stop about their running achievements, injuries, or life problems during every run. Ask people, especially the new members of the group, questions to give them a chance to speak.
A．Be silent sometimes.
B．Show up early or on time for the start of runs.
C．Don’t expect to rely on other runners for supplies.
D．Even if you know some group members very well.
E．Be aware of any special rules for running in parks or on paths.
F．Running with coins or keys in your pocket may not bother you
G．Besides, you won’t be able to hear instructions from other runners in your group.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A.B.C,D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a cool and breezy night. As I stood on the deck, I could feel the warm tangy smell coming from the sea. Earlier on, the ocean liner (邮轮) was still full of people who ____41____ and drank on the deck. Everyone was ____42____ asleep now and as I stood there, I could hear the hypnotic (催眠的) ____43____ of the waves.
I sat down at a corner and decided to rest my ____44____ head on my backpack. Slowly, my eyelids grew heavy and I dozed off. Suddenly, I was awaken by the rain ____45____ that fell on my face. The wind was blowing stronger and the waves got higher. The calm sea had turned ____46____. I struggled to stand up but lost my balance and fell as the ship was rocking ____47____. Many rushed out but they ____48____ from one side of the ship to another. The raging waters were crushing the ship and thunder seemed to smash upon our heads. People started to run about to seek shelter. After a long battle with the storm, it appeared to ____49____. We breathed in ____50____.
Suddenly someone shouted, “The ship is sinking!” Waters were rushing in as the side of the ship was damaged. I was ____51____ for words and stared blankly. “Hurry, John! There is no time to ____52____ !” I was ____53____ upon hearing my name as I was totally absorbed in the worries in my brain. I turned around and saw the rest of the passengers began to ____54____ a lifeboat. Without second thoughts, I joined them.
Until today, that terrifying ____55____ is still imprinted in my memory.
41．A．fed B．feasted C．entertained D．treated
42．A．highly B．soundly C．lately D．solidly
43．A．murmur B．shout C．breath D．weep
44．A．faint B．heavy C．clear D．thick
45．A．storms B．spots C．dots D．drops
46．A．rough B．tough C．sharp D．deep
47．A．gently B．abruptly C．violently D．swiftly
48．A．paced B．swept C．rolled D．slid
49．A．turn down B．die down C．die off D．turn away
50．A．relief B．satisfaction C．delight D．anticipation
51．A．in confusion B．at a loss C．at ease D．in chaos
52．A．lose B．save C．throw D．leave
53．A．pleased B．terrified C．startled D．amazed
54．A．board B．push C．squeeze D．drive
55．A．event B．challenge C．encounter D．adventure
第二节 (共 10 小题:每小题 1.5分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tibet was a region I was desperate to see, ____56____ its remoteness and my inability to go delayed my journey. Last summer, my brother and I finally decided to take the trip.
We set off at the Guangzhou train station and three days later, we arrived in Lhasa. The trip certainly took a while; however, we ____57____ (reward) with the most beautiful views and made friends along the way, all at a ____58____ (low) cost than flying.
We started our tour of Lhasa watching pilgrims(朝圣者)doing their morning prayers, ____59____(comprehensive) exploring the palace. We had an incredible lunch at one of the best restaurants in Lhasa, ____60____ offered a beautiful view overlooking the Jokhang Temple.
Then we started our journey to the Qomolangma base camp____61____ road from Lhasa. Along the way we stopped ____62____ (admire) the Yamdrok Lake. Its beauty was beyond ____63____(describe).
About a week later, we arrived. We stayed in a guesthouse just next to the base camp and after dropping off our luggage, ____64____ (head) straight outside to see the Mt. Qomolangma. The tip of the mountain emerged through the clouds, ____65____ (astonish) us with its unbelievable height. The clouds parted and we watched the sunset over the peak.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40分)
第一节应用文写作（满分15分）
66．假设你是晨光中学学生李津。目前在伦敦做交换生，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展，请你写一封信申请做志愿者。内容包括：
(1)写信目的；
(2)个人优势；
(3)能做的事情。
注意：（1）词数不少于 100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Li Jin
第二节读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Be a true runner
For me, it was normal to feel lost at the inter-camp track. Four camps of kids were ready to lead their teams to a blue ribbon and win the day. Not me. I was too little to be the leader and too skinny to be an athlete. I knew this by the time I was twelve, because my camp counselors（辅导员）and the other kids reminded me of it every chance they got. So when our camp needed a fourth runner in the two-mile race around the lake, I knew I was no one’s first choice.
I hid in the shade of a maple tree as they called the names of the runners, my body tensed as I heard a counselor call, “Fred! Where is Fred! He is in this race!” It was Barry. He spotted me under the tree. “Fred! We need a 12-year-old who hasn’t been in other events to run the two-mile!”
He gave me a push towards the starting line. Having no confidence and trying to save myself from the shame of taking the last place as four camps watched, I pleaded with him.
“But I don’t know the way around the lake!”
“You’re in. Just follow Bill!” Barry smiled.
Bill was my friend and the fastest runner in our camp. And then Barry said, “When you make it to the last stretch（最后一程）on the field, just throw your head back and run.”
At the starting line, I stood next to Bill and trembled.
“On your mark… Get set...” The gun cracked and sixteen of us took off. I stayed close on Bill’s heels, a little too close for Bill, I guess. He shouted at me, “Back off!”
I did. Two guys passed me, but I kept my eyes on Bill.
It was tiring. The distance was widening between Bill and me. We made the turn from the dusty road onto the muddy, wooded trail that would go around the lake back to the field. Through the trees, I saw Bill trip over a tree root and fall. A runner from another camp passed him.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置。
In a moment, Bill was up again and running.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I didn’t know when I crossed the finish line.
参考答案：
1．B
【原文】M: What is in that field over there? I think it is a sheep.
W: I see it. No, it’s actually a cow. I wish we would see a horse. I’ve always wanted to ride one!
2．C
【原文】
3．A
【原文】M: Last night I had an interesting dream. I dreamed I won a competition.
W: Oh, that sounds cool. What did you win, money or a new car?
M: A holiday on an amazing island. How I wish it could come true!
4．B
【原文】M: What would you like to have for dessert, apples or oranges?
W: As for dessert, I’d like to have oranges rather than apples. But usually I prefer watermelons to anything else.
5．C
【原文】M: How is everything going in your classes?
W: Well, it’s a little hard for me to follow everything my teachers say, especially in my math and chemistry classes. I first thought physics would be difficult, but it turns out pretty interesting to me.
6．A 7．C
【原文】W: Tell me about the basketball match, John.
M: Well, our team played well. We scored lots of points. Then I fell and hurt my leg, but I carried on playing. The other team was really better than us, though.
W: So did you lose?
M: No, because in the final seconds, I managed to get the ball, jump up to the basket and score. That meant we’d won! I thought my team might carry me out of the gym like a hero, but they didn’t. So I was a bit disappointed.
W: Well, maybe next time.
8．B 9．C
【原文】M: The trees here in the garden are beautiful. But they don’t look native to this place.
W: Yeah. My grandfather planted them himself. He got seeds from different parts of the world. The ones by the house are from New Zealand. But the tall ones in the back garden are from Australia. This one in the front garden is from California, and it’s my favorite tree to climb.
M: Are the flowers from different places, too?
W: No, they’re all from here in Florida.
10．B 11．A 12．C
【原文】M: Time for bed, Susie. Christmas break is over, and you have to be in class at 8:00 tomorrow.
W: But I’m not tired, Dad. Can’t I just play one more video game?
M: It’s already 10:30.
W: I know, but I promise I won’t be tired. Please?
M: Don’t you have exams soon? If you’re going to stay up, shouldn’t you be studying?
W: Oh, I forgot all about that.
M: You’ve been doing well in English and history, but you’ve had problems with math, haven’t you?
W: Yeah. Maybe I can go to sleep now and then get up early and look at my math textbook.
M: That’s a good idea.
W: Dad, can I just play for thirty more minutes? It’s the last bit of my holiday!
M: No.
W: Fine.
13．C 14．B 15．A 16．B
【原文】W: We’re talking with Yang Wei, who just returned home to China after living in San Francisco for one year. What would you say is the biggest difference between your life in America and your life in China?
M: I guess the most obvious one would be the food culture. In Beijing, people eat out a lot, and people tend to be much more loud and outgoing in restaurants. For example, in China, it is common to see people drinking and talking loudly in the middle of a restaurant. In America, however, people like to enjoy a quiet meal. If you are too loud, the waiter might come over to your table and remind you to keep it down, and they would certainly not serve you drink if you appeared drunk.
W: What about the variety of food?
M: This is where America might have the advantage. Although Chinese food is unbelievably varied, I would have to say that the quality of food from all over the world is better in the States. While there are many Africans, Europeans, and North Americans in China, there are even fewer people from the Middle East, South America, and the Caribbean. As a result, it is harder to find really good food from those areas. But America has always been a country of immigrants (移民), so this is one area in which it just might be No.1 in the world.
W: Interestingly. Why don’t we take some questions from the audience?
17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A
【原文】M: Hello, everyone. I’m an engineer from Apple. It’s my great honor to be here to share my knowledge with so many international scientists and business owners. I’m grateful for your coming. I’ve spent my entire career trying to advance the quality of artificial intelligence, or AI for short. But back in college, I majored in marketing and had absolutely no idea of AI at all.So how did I start my career in this field? Apple’s Siri was the first application of AI that I had ever known. From that invention, I knew AI would change the world one day. I then put my heart and efforts into it. That was 10 years ago. Luckily, it turns out that I have made the right choice. Now the industry has made much progress and is playing an increasingly important role in people’s life. The public nowadays feels excited about its development. AI frees them from boring and low-skilled tasks, making life a lot easier and more enjoyable.But I feel that we are still in the early days of AI. We are viewing current AI technology as we viewed computers in the 1990s. There is still a long way to go.
21．B 22．D 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了新英格兰水族馆的四个项目信息。
21．推理判断题。根据第一段“Do you want to travel to the New England Aquarium and experience it?（你想去新英格兰水族馆体验一下吗？）”和后文可知，本文主要介绍了新英格兰水族馆的四个项目信息，所以文章出处为guidebook“导游手册”，故选择B项。.
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“For a fee, schools and other qualifying groups can also choose Explorer Classes for kids and special 3-D showings. (学校和其他有资格的团体也可以付费为孩子们选择探索者课程和特殊3D放映。)”可知，为孩子们选择探索班不包括在门票内。故选择D项。
23．细节理解题，根据最后一段“The How to Be a Shark and Ray ( 鳐鱼) Whisperer video gives special instructions on how to best experience our shark and ray touch tank.（How to Be a Shark和Ray（鳐鱼) Whisper视频提供了如何最好地体验我们的鲨鱼和鳐鱼接触式水箱的特别说明。）”可知水族馆设立虚拟旅游和视频是为了帮助游客最好的体验水族馆，故选择A项。.
24．A 25．B 26．D 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论压力购物是否能真的减轻压力。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段“More than half of the 1,000 consumers surveyed by Credit Karma, head researcher of the study, said they have shopped to deal with feelings of stress or depression. About 48 percent of men and 31 percent of women who have stress shopping said they had purchased alcohol when stressed. About 82 percent of women spend on clothing compared to 52 percent of men. Women also lead shopping for jewellery, 42 percent, compared to 22 percent for men.(该研究的首席研究员Credit Karma调查了1000名消费者，其中超过一半的人表示，他们曾通过购物来缓解压力或抑郁。大约48%的男性和31%的女性在压力下购物，他们说他们在压力下会买酒。大约82%的女性会在服装上花钱，而男性的这一比例为52%。女性购买珠宝的比例为42%，男性为22%)”可推知，这些数字是为了说明很多人通过购物来缓解压力。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段“Whether you’re purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries having the items you need written down will provide you with brightness while shopping.(无论你是在买圣诞礼物还是买杂货，把你需要的东西写下来都会让你在购物时头脑清醒)”可知，可以记录支出帮助你应对压力购物。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段“However, stress shopping, for many, could grow into a drive that uses up money, causes conflict, and therefore adds great stress to life.(然而，对许多人来说，压力购物可能会发展成一种消耗金钱、引起冲突的冲动，因此给生活增加了巨大的压力)”和第四段“Despite the in-time joy from purchases, stress shopping never proves a long-lasting cure to stress or depression.(尽管购物能带来及时的快乐，但压力购物从来没有被证明是一种长期治愈压力或抑郁的方法)”可推知，作者对于压力购物是否定的。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“According to a study done by University of Michigan, shopping to reduce stress was 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad than those only looking at items.(根据密歇根大学的一项研究，通过购物来减压能给人40倍的控制感，购物的人比只看东西的人少三倍的悲伤)”和第四段“Despite the in-time joy from purchases, stress shopping never proves a long-lasting cure to stress or depression.(尽管购物能带来及时的快乐，但压力购物从来没有被证明是一种长期治愈压力或抑郁的方法)”可知，本文主要讨论压力购物是否能减轻压力。故选D。
28．D 29．B 30．C 31．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究表明向向中学生传授气候变化知识可能是我们拯救地球所能做的最重要的事情之一。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s at this developmental age that students can master complex concepts like climate change and remain open to new ideas,the researchers say.Middle school is usually when we start to figure out how we really feel about the world and to form our own opinions.(研究人员表示，正是在这个发展阶段，学生才能掌握气候变化等复杂概念，并对新思想乐于接受。中学通常是我们开始了解自己对世界的真实感受并形成自己观点的时候)”可知，中学生在拯救地球这方面最有潜力是因为他们正处于形成自己观点的年龄。故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话“Research has shown that lessons on climate change that have the most impact typically frame the topic around something you can often see or experience,so.the lessons were focused on these themes,such as how the environment relates to animals or how an individual can directly affect the environment.(研究表明，影响最大的气候变化课程通常围绕着你经常看到或体验到的东西来阐述这个话题，因此，这些课程侧重于这些主题，例如环境如何与动物相关或个体如何直接影响环境)”可推知，这些主题是围绕我们经常看到或体验到的东西来阐述的。所以我们对这些主题是熟悉的。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句话“The 357 kids,the study found,can best reach adults and encourage them to act to fight climate change,regardless of their parents’ political beliefs.In fact,the researchers found this method has the greatest impact on the people who are otherwise hardest to convince:conservative(保守的)males.(研究发现，这357个孩子不管他们父母的政治信仰如何，可以最好的与成年人联系，并鼓励他们采取行动应对气候变化。事实上，研究人员发现，这种方法对那些最难以说服的人——保守的男性——影响最大。)”可推知，接受课程的孩子对父母的影响更大。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段 Danielle Lawson所说的话“Immediate action is key.We have about 12 years to take action together to keep the global average temperature from rising 1.5 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial levels.Beyond that critical point,climate change will have done permanent damage.(立即采取行动是关键。我们有大约12年的时间共同采取行动，防止全球平均气温比工业化前水平上升1.5摄氏度。超过这一临界点，气候变化将造成永久性破坏)”可知，Danielle Lawson认为我们现在必须采取行动来保护我们的地球，防止气候变化，否则气候变化将造成永久性破坏。由此可推知，应对气候变化是当务之急。故选B。
32．A 33．D 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了是这个Moxie设备，它能让人类在登录火星后产生大量的氧气，这使人类在火星上生存的机会更近了一步。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Moxie produced breathable oxygen in seven hour-long tests conducted in various weather and atmosphere conditions since landing. During each test, the device produced six grams of oxygen, about the same as a small tree and enough to sustain an astronaut for 15 minutes. (Moxie在着陆后在各种天气和大气条件下进行了7个小时的测试，产生了可呼吸的氧气。在每次测试中，该设备产生了6克氧气，大约相当于一棵小树，足以维持一名宇航员15分钟的生命。)”可知，Moxie在各项实验中起着良好的作用。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据第五段中“We have to bring a lot of stuff from Earth to support a human mission, but oxygen is a big problem.(我们必须从地球上带很多东西来支持人类的任务，但氧气是个大问题。)”以及“ If you can make it there, go for it and you’re way ahead of the game.(如果你能做到，那就努力去做，你已经走在了探索的前面。)”可知，本段主要强调的是在火星上氧气的重要性，即本段强调通过建造更大的Moxie在火星上制造更多的氧气故本段强调了在火星上制造氧气的重要性。故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ It is needed to run continuously for 400 days, a leap from the one-hour tests and its inner temperature should be controlled stably. (它需要连续运行400天，远远超过1小时的测试，其内部温度需要稳定控制。)”可知，研究团队需要花费大量时间进行测试，保证内部温度稳定，体现出研究团队的严谨性，同时根据本段中“Moxie has proved to endure the extreme conditions on Mars, however, and the team plans to assess the machine’s limits in the coming months when atmosphere is thick and carbon dioxide levels are high. (Moxie已经被证明能忍受火星上的极端条件，研究小组计划在未来几个月评估机器的极限，那时大气很厚，二氧化碳含量很高。)”可知，Moxie已经被证明能忍受火星上的极端条件但是研究小组继续坚持突破极限，这是有抱负的体现。故选A。
35．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Moxie produced breathable oxygen in seven hour-long tests conducted in various weather and atmosphere conditions since landing. (Moxie在着陆后在各种天气和大气条件下进行了7个小时的测试，产生了可呼吸的氧气。)”以及第一段中“A small device no bigger than a toaster has generated oxygen on the surface of Mars, bringing the chances of surviving on the red planet a step closer.( 一个比烤面包机大不了多少的小装置在火星表面产生了氧气，这使在这颗红色星球上生存的机会更近了一步。)”可知，本文主要介绍了是这个Moxie设备，它能让人类在登录火星后产生大量的氧气，这使人类在火星上生存的机会更近了一步。D选项“A little oxygen on Mars, a great leap forward.(火星上有一点氧气，这是一个巨大的飞跃。)”可以概括全文。故选D。
36．G 37．F 38．C 39．E 40．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了参加集体跑步时的基本礼仪和注意事项。
36．根据上文“It can also be dangerous because listening to music means you’ll be less aware of your surroundings. (它也可能是危险的，因为听音乐意味着你对周围环境的意识会降低。)”可知，上文介绍了跑步时听音乐的危害，G项意为“此外，你将无法听到团队中其他跑步者的指示。”选项能够承接上文，介绍的也是跑步时听音乐的危害，你将无法听到团队中其他跑步者的指示。故选G。
37．根据下文“but you can bet that it will annoy at least one person in your group. (但你可以打赌，这会惹恼你团队中的至少一个人。)”可知，上文介绍的应该是一种会惹恼你团队成员的事情，F项意为“口袋里装着硬币或钥匙跑步可能不会打扰你”选项与下文构成转折关系，口袋里装着硬币或钥匙跑步可能不会打扰你，但硬币或钥匙发出的叮当声可能会惹恼你团队成员。故选F。
38．根据段落小标题“Be prepared with what you need. (准备好你需要的东西。)”可知，跑步之前我们要准备好我们需要的东西，C项意为“不要指望依靠其他跑步者获得补给。”选项符合段落主旨，我们要准备好我们需要的东西，不能指望依靠其他跑步者获得补给。故选C。
39．根据下文“such as running in a clockwise direction on a circular route. (例如在环行路线上沿顺时针方向跑步。)”可知，下文介绍了一种跑步规则，E项意为“注意在公园或小路上跑步的任何特殊规则。”选项能够引起下文，下文正是对特殊规则的举例，例如在环行路线上沿顺时针方向跑步。故选E。
40．根据下文“Runners join groups for the social element, but that doesn’t mean they want to hear the same person talk non-stop about their running achievements, injuries, or life problems during every run. (跑步者加入团体是为了社交，但这并不意味着他们希望在每次跑步中听到同一个人不停地谈论自己的跑步成绩、受伤或生活问题。)”可知，跑步者不希望在每次跑步中听到同一个成员不停地谈论自己的事情，A项意为“有时保持沉默。”选项能够概括段落主旨，在团队跑步中，有时我们需要保持沉默，不要一直谈论自己的事情。故选A。
41． B 42．B 43．A 44．B 45．D
46．A 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．A
51．B 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．C
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者乘坐的一艘邮轮在海上突遇暴风雨，邮轮被损坏开始下沉，作者和其他乘客最终乘坐救生船而获救的一段可怕的经历。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：早些时候，远洋邮轮上仍然坐满了在甲板上吃喝的人。A. fed 喂养；B. feasted 饱餐、尽情享用；C. entertained 招待、请客；D. treated 对待、款待。根据句中并列动词“drank”可知，邮轮上的乘客应该是在甲板上又吃又喝。故选B。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在大家都睡着了。A. highly 高度地、非常；B. soundly 酣然地、香甜地；C. lately 近来、最近；D. solidly 坚固地、坚硬地。由下文中的“I could hear the hypnotic (催眠的) 3 of the waves.”可知，作者能够听到海浪催眠般的声音，说明很安静，人们应该都已经酣然入睡。故选B。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，能听到海浪催眠般的低语。A. murmur 低语；B. shout 喊叫声、呼喊；C. breath 呼吸；D. weep 哭泣。由句中“hypnotic”可知，此时海浪的声音应该是很轻柔的、催眠般的低语。故选A。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在一个角落里坐下，决定把沉重的脑袋靠在背包上。A. faint 苍白的；B. heavy 沉重的；C. clear 清晰的；D. thick 厚的、浓的。由前文“Everyone was soundly asleep now ”可知，大家都睡着了，所以作者应该也很困了，脑袋也变得沉重了。故选B。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，我被落在我脸上的雨滴吵醒了。A. storms 暴风雨；B. spots 斑点、污点；C. dots 小圆点、点；D.drops 水滴、滴。由空处前“rain”及句意可知，是雨滴落在了作者的脸上。故选D。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：平静的大海变得波涛汹涌。A. rough 汹涌的、风浪大的、粗糙的；B. tough 艰难的、严厉的；C. sharp 尖锐的、锋利的；D. deep 深的。根据上一句“The wind was blowing stronger and the waves got higher. ”（风刮得更大了，海浪也更高了）可知，原本平静的海面起了风浪，开始变得波涛汹涌了。故选A。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我挣扎着站起来，但由于船剧烈摇晃，我失去了平衡，摔了下去。A. gently 轻柔地、和缓地；B. abruptly 突然地；C. violently猛烈地、粗暴地；D. swiftly 迅速地、敏捷地。由句意可知，作者很难站起来，也无法保持平衡，结合前文的“The calm sea had turned rough”，可知，船应该是剧烈地晃动。故选C。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人冲了出来，但他们从船的一边滑到了另一边。A. paced 踱步；B. swept 打扫、席卷；C. rolled 翻滚、滚动；D. slid 滑行、滑动。根据上一句“I struggled to stand up but lost my balance and fell as the ship was rocking violently.”可知，船在剧烈晃动，人很难保持平衡，所以在倾斜的并且湿滑的船上应该是从一边滑到另一边。故选D。
49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在与暴风雨进行了长时间的搏斗之后，暴风雨似乎逐渐平息了。A. turn down 调小声音、拒绝；B. die down 逐渐平息；C. die off 相继死去；D. turn away 避开、不准……入内。根据下一句“We breathed in 10”及本句句意可知，人们在与暴风雨长时间搏斗后轻松呼吸，应该是暴风雨逐渐平息了。故选B。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们松了一口气。A. relief 宽慰、轻松；in relief 松了口气；B. satisfaction 满意、满足；C.delight 高兴；D. anticipation 预期、预料。由前一句“it appeared to die down”可知，暴风雨逐渐平息了下来，所以人们都松了一口气。故选A。
51．考查介词短语辨析。句意：我无言以对，茫然地盯着。A. in confusion 混乱、乱七八糟；B. at a loss 茫然、不知所措；C. at ease 舒适、自由自在；D. in chaos 混乱。根据上一句“Waters were rushing in as the side of the ship was damaged.”可知，船受到了损坏，就要下沉了，结合句中“stared blankly”可知，作者此时心里非常无助，茫然不知所措，也不知道该说什么。故选B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有时间耽搁了。A. lose 失去、浪费；B. save 拯救、节省；C. throw 扔、投掷；D. leave 离开、留下。根据上一句“Hurry, John!”，并结合当时就要沉船的场景可知，时间非常紧迫，必须尽快逃离邮轮，说明没有可以失去或是耽搁的时间了。故选A。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一听到自己的名字就吓了一跳，因为我完全沉浸在脑子里的担忧中。A. pleased 高兴的、满意的；B. terrified 害怕的、惊恐的；C. startled 受惊吓的；D. amazed 惊奇的、惊讶的。根据句中“as I was totally absorbed in the worries in my brain. ”可知，作者当时完全陷入了担忧的思绪中，所以一听到有人叫自己的名字，就会条件反射般地被吓了一跳。故选C。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：转过身来，我看到其余的乘客开始登上救生艇。A. board 登上（火车、轮船或飞机）；B. push 推动、敦促；C. squeeze 挤压、压榨；D. drive 驾驶、驱使。根据本段中“The ship is sinking!”及全段内容可知，船正在下沉，乘客们需要尽快逃离轮船，所以都在登上救生艇逃生。故选A。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到今天，那次可怕的遭遇仍然铭刻在我的记忆中。A. event 事件、大事；B. challenge 挑战；C. encounter 遭遇、邂逅；D. adventure 冒险、奇遇。由句中“terrifying”及全文内容可知，对于作者来说，这段经历是一次可怕的、意想不到的遭遇。故选C。
56． But/yet 57．were rewarded 58．lower 59．comprehensively 60．which
61．by 62．to admire 63．description 64．headed 65．astonishing
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和兄弟去年去西藏旅行的见闻。
56．考查连词。句意：西藏是一个我非常想去的地方，但它的偏远和我无法去耽误了我的旅程。根据句意可知，上下文为转折关系，应用but/yet连接。故填but/yet。
57．考查时态和语态。句意：然而，一路上我们收获了最美的风景，交到了朋友，所有这些花费都比坐飞机便宜。空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境和下文and made判断为一般过去时，主语we和reward之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填were rewarded。
58．考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，一路上我们收获了最美的风景，交到了朋友，所有这些花费都比坐飞机便宜。结合句子结构和than可知，此处应用形容词low的比较级lower修饰名词cost。故填lower。
59．考查副词。句意：我们开始了拉萨之旅，观看朝圣者进行晨祷，全面探索宫殿。修饰后文非谓语动词exploring应用副词。故填comprehensively。
60．考查定语从句。句意：我们在拉萨最好的餐厅之一吃了一顿令人难以置信的午餐，那里可以俯瞰大昭寺的美景。空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰指物的先行词one of the best restaurants in Lhasa，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
61．考查介词。句意：然后我们从拉萨出发，沿公路前往珠穆朗玛大本营。根据句意表示“沿公路，通过公路”用by road。故填by。
62．考查固定短语。句意：沿途我们停下来欣赏羊卓克湖。结合句意表示“停下来去做某事”为stop to do sth.。故填to admire。
63．考查名词。句意：它的美丽无法形容。此处应用名词作宾语，beyond description“无法形容，难以形容”，为固定表达。故填description。
64．考查时态。句意：我们住在大本营旁边的一家宾馆里，在放下行李后，我们径直走出去看珠穆朗玛峰。分析可知，空处和上文stayed是并列的谓语动词，也应用一般过去时。故填headed。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：山顶直插云霄，以其难以置信的高度使我们吃惊。分析可知，逗号后部分是状语，空处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语The tip of the mountain和astonish之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填astonishing。
66．
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am Li Jin, an exchange student from China currently studying in London. I am more than delighted to hear that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held in the local gallery and volunteers are needed, I am writing to apply for the position.
The reasons for my application are as follows. First and foremost, I have a good knowledge of Chinese paintings, so not only can I explain to the visitors the beauty of the paintings, but also tell the stories behind them. In addition, I have a good command of English, which makes me have no difficulty communicating with others. Last but not least, I am so enthusiastic and responsible that I do hold the belief that I am perfectly qualified for the job as a volunteer.
I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Jin
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信，申请当当地美术馆要举办的中国画展的志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→happy
职位：position→post
首先：first and foremost→first of all
把……考虑进去：take...into consideration→take...into account
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am Li Jin, an exchange student from China currently studying in London.
拓展句：I am Li Jin, who is an exchange student from China currently studying in London.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In addition, I have a good command of English, which makes me have no difficulty communicating with others. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Last but not least, I am so enthusiastic and responsible that I do hold the belief that I am perfectly qualified for the job as a volunteer. (运用了so...that引导的结果状语从句和that引导的同位语从句)
67．
In a moment, Bill was up and running. I couldn’t think of anything but to follow him closely. I could even feel the air hitting my face and I was totally worn out. Naturally, my pace slowed down. Just at the moment, Barry’s words “Just follow Bill” called me back. Convinced that I was no longer a loser, I refreshed up again and accelerated and soon I was quite close to Bill again. Injected with confidence, I headed for the finishing line. The gun cracked again, announcing the last 200 meters. I closed my eyes, threw my head back and ran with my last ounce of strength, in the direction of the dream line.
I didn’t know when I crossed the line. I still kept running on when a thunderous applause burst, which signaled the birth of the champion. I stopped and opened my eyes and saw my camp of kids and the camp counsellor gathering around me. “We have won the race! We are the champion!” they shouted and cheered, throwing me in the air. Showered with hugs and applause and whistles, I felt a surge of gaiety sweeping over me. To me, the race meant more than a champion; it well proved that I was not a loser as an athlete and that I could further explore my potential. Just as Hemingway put it, “The true nobility is superior to your former self.”
【导语】本文以人物和时间为线索展开，讲述了Fred因个儿小人瘦弱而一直没有机会在赛道上为自己队争得荣誉，心生自卑，但是一次环湖2英里的比赛中，辅导员Barry选他当第四个参赛运动员，并指点他只要跟着他的朋友，跑得最快的Bill就行了；Fred照做了，尽管心里忐忑，疲惫不堪，但最终获得了团体冠军，也使他对自己充满了自信。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“不一会儿，比尔爬了起来，又开始跑”可知，第一段可描写Fred跟在Bill后面的状况，Barry的话鼓舞了Fred，在最后200处他全力冲向终点线。
②由第二段首句内容“我不知道我什么时候越过了终点线。”可知，第二段可描写Fred的努力使小组赢得冠军，看着欢呼的老师和同学时Fred的心理变化。
2.续写线索：Bill爬起来后——Fred筋疲力尽时——最后200米时——越过终点线后——得知比赛结果后
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.疲惫不堪：be worn out/be tired out/be completely exhausted
②.加速：accelerate/speed up
③.发掘我的潜力：explore my potential/exploit my potential
情绪类
①.充满自信：be injected with confidence/be filled with confidence
②.喝彩：cheer/applaud
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Injected with confidence, I headed for the finishing line. （运用了过去分词作状语）
[高分句型2].it well proved that I was not a loser as an athlete and that I could further explore my potential. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
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