专题12+首字母填空-2023年中考英语考试研究（南京专用）

这是一份专题12+首字母填空-2023年中考英语考试研究（南京专用），共35页。

专题12 首字母填空-2023年中考英语考试研究（南京专用）

南京市历年考情解读
知识点名称
考察题型
具体的考察情况
名词
首字母填空
名词单复数、名词所有格
动词
首字母填空
动词时态、被动语态、非谓语动词三种形式、动词短语
形容词
首字母填空
比较级、最高级、反义词
副词
首字母填空
固定搭配、副词修饰动词
介词
首字母填空
固定搭配
数词
首字母填空
基数词、序数词、数词的复数形式
代词
首字母填空
反身代词、不定代词、人称代词、物主代词

南京市中考英语历年（2019-2022）真题展示
【2019南京中考】
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为（1）-（10）的相应位置上。
Chinese writing is one of the world's greatest writing systems． It is more w（1）　　 in use than alphabetic（字母的） writing systems． More than half of the world's books are written in Chinese， including historical writings and novels， along with writings on government and law．
At the beginning， written Chinese was a picture﹣based 1 （2）　　． It dates back several thousand years to the u（3）　　of animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved （刻） by ancient Chinese people．Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in t （4）　　hanzi．
By the Shang Dynasty， these symbols had become a well﹣developed writing system， Over the years， the system developed into different forms， as it was a time when people were d（5）　　
geographically， leading to different dialects（ 方言） and characters． This， however， c（6）　　under Emperor Qishihuang of the Qin Dynasty．
Emperor Qinshihuang united（统一）the seven major states into one country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction． That writing system was of great i（7）　　in
uniting the Chinese people and culture． Even today， no matter where Chinese people live or what
dialect they speak， they can all still c（8）　　in writing． Written Chinese has also become an
important method to c （9）　　China's present with its past． People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times．
Today， Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture， As China plays a
g（10）　　role in the world， an increasing number of international students are beginning to
appreciate（ 欣赏） China's culture through this amazing language． Written Chinese spreads Chinese
culture wherever it goes．

【答案】
1-5 widely language use today's divided
6-10 changed importance communicate connect great
【解析】文章介绍了中文写作系统历史发展．
（1）widely．考查副词．根据意思：它的使用比字母书写系统更为广泛．副词修饰动词，故填：widely．
（2）language．考查名词．根据意思：起初，书面汉语是一种基于图片的语言．填名词单数，语言language．故填：language．
（3）use．考查动词．根据意思：中国古代人在动物的骨头和贝壳上刻上符号可以追溯到几千年前．the use of．．的使用，故填：use．
（4）today's．考查所有格．根据意思：在今天的汉字中仍然可以看到一些古老的符号．今天的today's．故填：today's．
（5）divided．考查动词．根据意思：多年来，这个体系发展成不同的形式，就像人们被隔离的时代一样．被动语态be done，故填divided．
（6）changed．考查动词．根据意思：然而，这在秦始皇统治下发生了变化．一般过去时态，故填changed．
（7）importance．考查名词．根据意思：这一写作体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义．be of great importance 有重要意义．故填importance．
（8）communicate．考查动词．根据意思：他们仍然可以书面交流．can后面加动词原形．故填communicate．
（9）connect考查动词．根据意思：书面汉语也成为把中国现在和过去联系起来的重要方法．to do 不定式，故填connect．
（10）great．考查形容词．根据意思：中国在世界上发挥着巨大的作用，形容词修饰名词，故填great．

【2020南京中考】
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。

Do you have difficulty learning English words? Well, k___66___ a vocabulary notebook for learning new English words is not difficult. Here are some easy steps. First, buy a notebook w___67___ at least 100 lined pages. You should select the color and size notebook that you prefer. S____68____, write down any important words that you come across when reading or listening. This step r___69___ you to decide whether a word is important enough for you to learn now. Do not assume (认为) that you will learn the word l___70___. The next step is a bit difficult because you need to decide w____71____ information about each word you will write in the notebook. Some learners write only a t___72___ of the word. Others write an example phrase using the word. I___73___ information that matches your learning style and your needs. Finally, the most important thing you can do to learn the words in your notebook is to p___74___ these words several times. If the pages of your notebook are well organized, you are more likely to review the words and their information over and over. If you f___75___ these important steps, you can improve your English greatly. Come and have a try!
【答案】
66. keeping 67. with 68. Second 69. requires/reminds 70. later
71. what 72. translation 73. Include 74. practice/practise 75. follow
【解析】本文主要讲了学习英语单词的几个步骤，跟随这些步骤英语将得到极大提高。
【66题详解】
句意：嗯，记单词本来学习新英语单词并不难。
根据句意“____单词本来学习英语单词并不难”，结合首字母可推出此处用keep表示“记下，记录”，此处用动名词作主语，keep的动名词形式是keeping。故答案为keeping。
【67题详解】
句意：首先，买一本至少有100页横线纸的笔记本。
根据句意“一本笔记本____至少100页横线纸”，结合首字母w可推出此处用with表示“带有；具有”。故答案为with。
【68题详解】
句意：其次，写下你在读或听时遇到的任何重要单词。
根据上文中“First”，结合首字母S可推出此处用Second表示“第二”。故答案为Second。
【69题详解】
句意：这一步需要/提醒你决定一个单词是否足够重要，要你现在学习。
根据句意“这一步____你决定一个单词是否足够重要，要你现在学习。” 结合首字母r可推出此处用require表示“需要”，或用remind表示“提醒”。This step后接动词的第三人称单数。故答案为requires/reminds。
【70题详解】
句意：不要以为你以后会学到这个单词。
根据题干中“will learn”可推出句中缺少表示将来时间的单词，结合首字母l可推出要用later表示“以后”。故答案为later。
【71题详解】
句意：下一个步骤有点困难，因为你需要决定你要写在笔记本上的每个单词的信息。
根据句意“你要在笔记本上写下关于每个单词的____信息”，结合首字母w可推出要用what表示“什么”。故答案为what。
【72题详解】
句意：有些学习者只写这个单词的翻译。
根据题干中“a t____ of the word”讲“单词的一个____”，结合首字母t可推出要用translation表示“翻译”，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数。故答案为translation。
【73题详解】
句意：包括符合你的学习风格和需要的信息。
分析句子结构可知句中缺少主语，是个祈使句，以动词原形开头，结合句意“___符合你的学习风格和需要的信息。” 结合首字母I可推出要用Include表示“包括”。故答案为Include。
【74题详解】
句意：最后，你可以在你的笔记本上做的来学习这些单词的最重要的事情是练习这些单词几次。
根据下文“to review the words and their information over and over”讲“一遍又一遍地复习单词和它们的信息”，结合首字母p可推出此处要用practice或practise表示“练习”这些新单词几次。动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故答案为practice/practise。
【75题详解】
句意：如果你遵循这些重要的步骤，你就能大大提高你的英语水平。
根据句意“如果你____这些重要的步骤，你就能大大提高你的英语水平。” 结合首字母f可推出要用follow表示“遵循”；if引导的条件状语从句，主句含有情态动词，从句用一般现在时，主语是you，谓语动词用原形。故答案为follow。

【2021南京中考】
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。

The problem some people have with homework is not that they find it too hard, or that it takes too long, but that they f_____66_____ what they have to do and for when. This may be because they don’t write down exactly what n_____67_____ to be done, or don’t make a note of when it has to be handed in.
If you have a planner for school, make good u_____68_____ of it to record what you need to do. If not, use a diary or notebook to make notes of what has to be handed in and w_____69_____.
You could set up an “ in-tray” system, so you can see what is w_____70_____ to be done. This is a tray or shallow box where you put your homework each night until you are r_____71_____ to do it.
Although no one exactly looks forward to doing homework, you will get it done more efficiently(高效地)if you are well o_____72_____ and have time and space to concentrate(专注)on it.
For example, if your homework involves(需要)going online and you don’t have your o_____73_____computer, make sure you ‘book’ some time on the family computer, or can use one in your school library.
If you have space, set up a homework ‘office’ a_____74_____ at home with a table or desk and a comfortable chair. It should have good light, a place for your books, and your homework ‘tool kit’.
It helps to get into a habit of doing homework early in the evening, and not l______75______ it until the last minute at weekends. After you’ve done it, reward yourself with some fun, ‘down-time’ activities, such as some television or social networking time.
【答案】
66. (f)orget 67. (n)eeds 68. (u)se 69. (w)hen 70. (w)aiting
71. (r)eady 72. (o)rganized 73. (o)wn 74. (a)nywhere 75. (l)eave
【解析】本文给我们讲述了如何才能不会忘记做作业，并且能按时完成它。
【66题详解】
句意：有些人在做作业时遇到的问题不是他们觉得太难，或者作业时间太长，而是他们忘记了必须做什么以及什么时候做。根据转折连词but及“what they have to do and for when”及首字母提示可知，这里指忘记做什么，“忘记”为forget，是动词；该句是一般现在时，主语为第三人称复数，谓语动词用原形，故填(f)orget。
【67题详解】
句意：这可能是因为他们没有写下具体需要做的事情，或者没有记下何时必须交。结合句意及首字母提示可知，这里指写下需要做的事情，sth. need to be done意为“某事需要被做”，该句是一般现在时，主语为疑问词what，谓语动词用单三形式needs，故填(n)eeds。
【68题详解】
句意：如果你有一个学校记事簿，要充分利用它来记录你需要做什么。根据“ to record what you need to do”可知，要充分利用记事簿记录你要做的事情，make good use of意为“充分利用”，结合句意，故填(u)se。
【69题详解】
句意：如果没有，用日记或笔记本记下必须交什么和什么时候交。根据上文“what they have to do and for when”以及首字母提示可知，这里指什么时候，when意为“何时”，故填(w)hen。
【70题详解】
句意：你可以设置一个“收件箱”系统，这样你就可以看到什么是等待做的。wait to do意为“等待做某事”，空格前面有系动词is，用现在进行时，故填(w)aiting。
【71题详解】
句意：每晚你把家庭作业放进这个托盘或浅盒，准备好要做作业的时候再拿出来。结合句意和首字母提示可知，这里指准备好要做作业，be ready to do sth.意为“准备做某事”，故填(r)eady。
【72题详解】
句意：虽然没有人真正期待做作业，但如果你组织得好，有时间和空间集中精力做作业，你会做得更有效率。根据“have time and space to concentrate on it”及首字母提示可知，这里指你组织得好，are是be动词，此处使用形容词organized，意为“有组织的，条理的”。故填(o)rganized。
【73题详解】
句意：例如，如果你的家庭作业涉及到上网，而你没有自己的电脑，那么一定要在家庭电脑上“预定”一些时间，或者可以在学校图书馆使用一台。根据“ make sure you ‘book’ some time on the family computer, or can use one in your school library”及首字母提示可知，这里指自己的电脑，own意为“自己的”，故填(o)wn。
【74题详解】
句意：如果你有空间，就在家里任何地方设立一个家庭作业办公室，里面有桌子或书桌，还有一把舒适的椅子。根据“If you have space”及首字母提示可知，这里指可以在任何地方设立一个办公室，anywhere意为“任何地方”，是副词，在句中修饰动词，故填(a)nywhere。
【75题详解】
句意：这有助于养成晚上早点做作业的习惯，而不是留到周末的最后一分钟才做。根据“until the last minute at weekends”及首字母提示可知，这里指留到周末的最后一分钟，leave意为“留下”，又因为空前有not，所以用动词原形，故填(l)eave。

【2022南京中考】
B) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为72-81的相应位置上。
Chuck Wall teaches management and human relations at Bakersfield College. He walked into class one day and told his students that their h 72 was to perform one act of random(任意的) kindness. His students did not understand the assignment(任务), but the professor would not answer their questions. He e 73 his students to find it out for themselves.
One week later, the students entered the classroom excited to s 74 their stories. One student told of distributing blankets to the homeless, another had contacted a long, lost friend, and another student r 75 that he had helped a dog to find its owner. Students were energized(激励) by the homework assignment and wanted other people to be kind too. W 76 the support of local businesses, the students made stickers to put on cars that invited people to do something k 77 for others. They sold the stickers and decided to donate the money to a center for the blind –not surprising as Professor Wall is blind.
Since then, s 78 kindness activities have been organized in schools all over the world. Many schools organize a Random Acts of Kindness Week, a 79 November 13, to celebrate World Kindness Day. Some schools use each day of Random Acts of Kindness Week to perform
d 80 kind acts, such as making a new friend, helping someone, doing community service, or raising money for a charity. Students learn to c 81 other people and think about how small actions can make the world a better place.
72
h ▲
73
e ▲
74
s ▲
75
r ▲
76
W ▲
77
k ▲
78
s ▲
79
a ▲
80
d ▲
81
c ▲
【答案】
72.homework 73.encouraged 74.share 75.reported 76.With
77.kind 78.similar 79.around 80.different 81.consider
【解析】本文中的教授给学生们布置了一道发散性的题目，让他们自己去感受并完成，其间，学生们明白了kind的真谛，做了很多的善行并且乐于与人分享这些友善的故事。最终此次善行活动被推及到周边学校及地区引起较大的反响和轰动。
小题72:句意：他走进了一天的班，告诉学生，他们的家庭作业是随机进行一次慈善活动。故填写homework。
小题73:句意：他鼓励他的学生自己完成。故填写encouraged。
小题74:句意：一周后，学生们兴奋地进入教室分享他们的故事。故填写share。
小题75:句意：另一个汇报说帮狗找到它的主人。故填写reported。
小题76:句意：在当地企业的支持下。故填写With。
小题77:句意：学生们制作汽车贴纸，邀请人们为他人做善事。故填写kind。
小题78:句意：自那时以来，类似的慈善活动已在世界各地的学校开展。故填写similar。
小题79:句意：许多学校组织一个随意的善举周，大约在十一月十三日，庆祝世界善良的一天。故填写around。
小题80:句意：一些学校每天使用的随意的善举周进行一种不同的行为，如结交一个新朋友，帮助别人，做社区服务，或慈善募捐。故填写different。
小题81:句意：学生学会考虑别人并且认为如此小的行动可以使世界变得更美好。故填写consider。

考点分析
副词： 
句中： already   also    almost    always 
句尾：again     alone
连词：    after    and    as     although
介词：   around     among     across    along   about above     after      against      as 
动词：   得到：achieve/get/receive      
afford (afford to do )
agree  answer    allow     appear     
代词：
a. anything  anybody all another any 
b. both
c. everybody/everything/either/each
s. somebody/something
n. nothing/nobody/neither/none
o. others other one(s)

连词：  but  because    before
介词：   besides   beside/next to     below behind   before   between 
动词：   begin/start  become   believe   blow   book   break  borrow 
形容词：beautiful  brave    better/best     busy 
聪明：bright/clever/smart/wise
动词：choose to do sth       called catch/know/understand  cause sb./sth. to do   check v./n.     
close   continue   correct v. 纠正complete/finish    complain      connect…to/with
compare…with…       cost       control
形容词：
careful(carefully)  careless    correct   
common   crazy   cheap  
confident   clear  comfortable   cold  clever 
一定的：certain/sure      
正确：right  true  correct  real
名词：chance   choice  corner culture/custom        hobby/habit
动词：decide  dislike/hate  develop  discover  drive(驱赶)  discuss  disappear  破坏hurt/wound
形容词：
different（difference）   difficult       dishonest   deaf  dangerous   developing--developed
名词：
make a decision/suggestion   dream    duty    diet     day  danger  darkness 
介词： during 

副词：even/ever    exactly  easily   everywhere  enough  especially  
形容词：early/earlier  easy   elder   excited       expensive else(what/who…else   anything/nothing else)
好的：  excellent/perfect/nice/fine/good/great/wonderful
动词：解释，回答：explain/answer/say/suggest 检查：  examine/check  
enjoy      encourage sb. to do    end n./v.     
希望： expect/wish/hope
介词： except
介词：   everything/body
测试：exam
名词：exercise(s)  experience(s)  example

名词：  fun    flight
动词：  forget   follow   find     finish/complete   fail 
发现： find/discover
副词： far(farther, farthest)      fast    finally    first      forward
介词：  from
形容词：   first   friendly   favorite  few   funny fine/well/nice    following   
形容词： 好的：good/great   
开心的 glad/pleased/happy/satisfied 温柔的gentle     大方的generous 

动词：  grow   guess  go    give   
得到   get   gain    achieve    receive
名词：   goal   game   group   guide
副词： gently  generally   greatly 

名词：habit   hobby   headache     health    heart    help   hope     hour
愿望   hope    wish     dream
动词：  hope   happen    hate   help     hide   hurry
希望   hope   wish    expect
形容词：   大   huge /giant / big large homeless  helpful   hungry    healthy   harmful   happy
副词： happily     hard    hardly
连词：  However   how

名词：idea    information   importance
副词：instead     inside   into 
动词：introduce   include   improve
形容词：impossible   important  impatient  interesting/amusing
连词：if

动词：join     jump 
名词：  journey      joy---happiness
副词： just  

名词： key  kind of    knowledge
动词：keep   know   knock

动词：learn    leave  let   lift（raise）   live 
形容词： little/ less/ least  local   late  lazy  lucky   large(big/ great)  
★lonely（与alone 区别）  lovely 
补充： 可能  perhaps、possibly 、probably、maybe 
副词： later   luckily  
介词： like  （such as 与 for example ）

动词：miss 想念，错过     mean 意味着   meet 遇见，满足      move 搬家  
match 与……相配     mind  介意matter 要紧        make  
make 相似单词： make、have、let +sb. do sth.
名词：market       member    method 方法（way）   month      manner(礼仪)     
message 信息 （information）
形容词：many/ much/ more/ most       modern

动词： notice  注意到       need
形容词： nervous 紧张的    new   necessary 必要的（unnecessary）   nice  
名词： nation   news=message  neighbor（neighborhood）  notice 
代词： nothing  nobody  neither（either）  none（all）
副词： nearly  never  

形容词： only    own    other  outdoor 
副词： often    once    of    over    outside   
介词： over   out      outside
连词： or  

动词： promise   pay   play    plan    prevent     prefer   prepare  provide提供   
produce生产   prove 证明
名词： pain    place   progress进步  process过程  practice 
形容词：   patient （impatient）  pretty    powerful   private （personal）
public 公共的  pleased     pleasant  polite
副词： possibly    perhaps    probably    politely  personally
扩展：  provide sb. with sth.         provide sth. for sb.

名词：question  
形容词：quiet   quick 
副词：quickly   quietly  quite  
动词：receive; realize; reach; remember; require; reduce; refuse; run; relax
形容词：real   rich    right 
副词：really; recently; right
名词：reason; result; rest;         

动词：suppose;  show;  seem;  suggest;  share;  spend;  spread;  start;
名词：secret;  story;  shame = pity;sign;  symbol;  situation;  somebody; 
形容词：serious; simple; special; soft; successful; strict; surprising; strange;  Same  similar 
副词：suddenly; slowly; still; seriously; sometimes; soon；seldom 

副词：tomorrow; tonight; today; too; then; there；together；terribly
介词：till; to; towards; through;
动词：turn; try; train; touch; teach; trouble; 
名词： trouble; team；teenager；tradition;
形容词：tired; thirsty; thankful; thick; thin；terrible ；their；traditional

形容词： unusual; useful; unhappy; upset; unhealthy; 
介词：until; up; under; 
连词：until; unless; 
动词：  visit 

动词：waste; warn; work(运转；起作用); wonder(想知道); worry; 
形容词：wonderful; worse; wise; wrong; worried 
介词：with; without
连词： what; whether; while

副词：yet; yesterday
形容词：young
名词： youth   year 

模拟预测（2022年南京市一模二模）
【南京师范大学附属中学集团2022年中考英语二模试卷】
B) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。

Do you think there are “friends for life”?
My best friend and I have been c____66____ for eight years. When I was an awkward primary school student, she was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me. Since then, the friendship has g____67____ between us and she’s been almost like a sister to me. Whenever we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we’re h____68____ out of each other’s sight. But last Saturday, she broke my heart, and I’m still picking up the p____69____.
At first, our plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon. B____70____ in the morning, my friend posted a message on social media saying that she had a cold. When I called her, she said she might not be able to m____71____ it to the cinema. “Don’t worry,” I said. “Get some rest. We can wait till you get better.”
Today, however, I received a horrible s____72____. A classmate told me she had seen my friend chatting with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. How stupid I was! My friend’s “illness” was a complete 1____73____! Instead of recovering at home, she was out having fun with someone else.
I was so angry that I a____74____ her during school all day, and I still don’t feel like responding (回应) to any of her online m____75____. The stress of this situation is killing me. and I’m at a loss what to do next.
【答案】
66. (c)lose 67. (g)rown 68. (h)ardly 69. (p)ieces 70. (B)ut 71. (m)ake
72. (s)urprise 73. (l)ie 74. (a)voided 75. (m)essages
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述我和我最好朋友产生矛盾的故事。
【66题详解】
句意：我的好朋友和我已经保持了8年的亲密关系。根据“for eight years”以及首字母可知，此处应用close，表示“亲密的”。close“亲密的”，形容词。故填(c)lose。
【67题详解】
句意：从那以后，我们之间的友情开始成长。根据“she’s been almost like a sister to me”以及首字母可知，此处应用grown，表示“成长”。grow“生长”，动词；has done“现在完成时基本结构”，所以此处应用grown。故填(g)rown。
【68题详解】
句意：无论是走路上学，做作业或是周末去逛街，我们几乎一直在一起。根据“out of each other’s sight”以及首字母可知，此处应填hardly，表示“几乎从未脱离对方的视线”。hardly“几乎不”，副词。故填(h)ardly。
【69题详解】
句意：但是，上个周六，她伤了我的心。我仍在努力恢复。根据“she broke my heart”以及首字母可知，此处应用pieces，表示“努力恢复”。piece“片”，可数名词；pick up the pieces“收拾残局，努力恢复”。故填(p)ieces。
【70题详解】
句意：但是，早上我的朋友在社交媒体上发了一条消息，说她感冒了。根据“At first, our plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon.”以及首字母可知，此处应用but，表示转折关系。故填(B)ut。
【71题详解】
句意：当我给她打电话的时候，她说她可能不能去电影院了。make it“成功做某事”，固定搭配，此处表示“无法去电影院”。be able to do sth.“能够做某事”，此处应该用动词原形。故填(m)ake。
【72题详解】
句意：然而，今天，我却大吃一惊。根据“A classmate told me she had seen my friend chatting with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon.”以及首字母可知，此处应用surprise，表示“吃惊”。surprise“惊讶”，名词。故填(s)urprise。
【73题详解】
句意：我朋友生病完全是一个谎言。根据“Instead of recovering at home, she was out having fun with someone else.”以及首字母可知，此处应用lie，表示“谎言”。lie“谎言”，名词。故填(l)ie。
【74题详解】
句意：我是如此生气以至于在学校一整天我都避开她。根据“her during school all day”以及首字母可知，此处应用avoided，表示“避免，避开”。avoid“避免，避开”，动词；由“was”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，所以应用avoided。故填(a)voided。
【75题详解】
句意：我仍不想回她网上的信息。根据“online”以及首字母可知，此处应用messages，表示“信息”。message“信息”，可数名词；根据“any of...”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填(m)essages。

【南京市鼓楼区2022年中考英语二模试卷】
请根据短文内容和首字母提示,填写所缺单词。
Many children have music classes when they attend school. And it’s thought that music can r____66____ help children with learning other subjects.
One research project looked at what happened when a class of children were d____67____ into groups and given a simple task to do. One group was listening to music while completing it, and the other was completing the task in silence. And there was a difference b____68____ the two. The first group performed better than the second. So it seems that music can i____69____ performance (表现) in certain areas.
So how can you benefit (受益) from studying music? According to some studies, musical training can develop the part of your b____70____ that deals with language, so you can understand your own language better. It could also help with learning a s____71____ one. And that’s a very useful skill to have. What’s more, young people who’ve studied music s____72____ to score more highly in other areas such as maths. So it could be that these school subjects are connected.
Music also lets you explore new i____73____, think in a creative way, and grow confidence. If you’re learning the guitar, for example, it can be really exciting when you’re able to start inventing your own pieces of music. And when you do that, you’re practising your l____74____ skills because you have to listen carefully to the music you’re making.
One of the biggest benefits is that listening to music helps you to be l____75____ stressed. And creating music can make you feel the same way. That should always be in a relaxed atmosphere (氛围). And who knows? Maybe your musical knowledge will open up a great career path for you in the future!
【答案】
66. (r)eally 67. (d)ivided 68. (b)etween 69. (i)mprove 70. (b)rain
71. (s)econd 72. (s)eem 73. (i)deas 74. (l)istening 75. (l)ess
【解析】本文通过科学研究的结果说明音乐的一些好处。
【66题详解】
句意：人们认为音乐真的可以帮助孩子们学习其他科目。根据首字母提示及语境可知，此处是强调“真的”，应用really“真正地”，副词修饰动词，故填(r)eally。
【67题详解】
句意：有一个研究项目研究了当一群孩子被分成小组，并被赋予一个简单的任务时，会发生什么。根据“a class of children were...into groups”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是be divided into“被分成”，故填(d)ivided。
【68题详解】
句意：这两者之间是有区别的。根据“One group was listening to music while completing it,and the other was completing the task in silence.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“两者之间”，故填(b)etween。
【69题详解】
句意：因此，音乐似乎可以提高某些方面的表现。根据“The first group performed better than the second. So it seems that music can...performance(表现) in certain areas.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“提升”，improve“提升”，是动词，can后接动词原形，故填(i)mprove。
【70题详解】
句意：根据一些研究，音乐训练可以发展你大脑中处理语言的部分。根据“that deals with language, so you can understand your own language better”及首字母提示可知，音乐可以发展大脑中的处理语言的部分，故填(b)rain。
【71题详解】
句意：这也有助于学习第二种语言。根据“that deals with language, so you can understand your own language better. I could also help with learning a...one.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“第二语言”，故填(s)econd。
【72题详解】
句意：更重要的是，学习过音乐的年轻人似乎在数学等其他领域得分更高。结合首字母提示及语境可知，此处指的是“似乎”，seem“似乎”，先行词是复数名词，从句的动词应用原形，故填(s)eem。
【73题详解】
句意：音乐还可以让你探索新的想法，以一种创造性的方式思考，并增长信心。根据“think in a creative way”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“新的想法”，泛指名词应用复数形式，故填(i)deas。
【74题详解】
句意：当你这样做的时候，你是在练习你的听力技巧，因为你必须仔细听你创作的音乐。根据“because you have to listen carefully to the music you’re making.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“听力技巧”，英语表达为listening skill，故填(l)istening。
【75题详解】
句意：最大的好处之一是听音乐可以帮助你减轻压力。根据“That should always be in a relaxed atmosphere(氛围).”及首字母提示可知，音乐可以帮助减轻压力，故填(l)ess。

【南京市鼓楼区2022年中考英语一模试题】
B）请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
People often ask me who I have to thank for my success as a pianist and songwriter. They expect to hear that I was b____66____ into a musical family and had an excellent piano teacher. However, the truth is d____67____. When I was little, nobody played an instrument at home. I learnt to play the piano and sing because there was a piano in my house and I just wanted to make music.
My parents allowed me to sit at the piano and sing for as l____68____ as I wanted. If they were afraid that I would break the old piano, they never mentioned it. They didn’t s____69____ that I should take lessons, either. The songs just came to me when I had my h____70____ on the piano. I suppose I had musical talent and that is all you need.
I started writing proper songs when I was a teenager. The music was m____71____ but the words were from other song writers. It seemed so easy. When you start to compose, you do that, you copy other people’s best songs. Then you start c____72____ the melodies(旋律) and the words and you develop your own style. That only happened l____73____ when I had grown beyond my teenage years.
For a time, I thought music would be just a hobby. My parents had developed a strong belief(信念) that I would be able to make a l____74____ as a musician, but I had my doubts, so after school I took a j____75____ in radio advertising. Then one day one of my songs won a prize and that changed everything. I realized my happiness was in music. I have been a musician ever since that day.
【答案】
66. (b)orn 67. (d)ifferent 68. (l)ong 69. (s)uggest 70. (h)ands
71. (m)ine 72. (c)hanging 73. (l)ater 74. (l)iving 75. (j)ob
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者从小喜欢音乐，通过家里的钢琴不断练习，加上父母的支持和鼓励，最终成为音乐家的故事。
【66题详解】
句意：他们希望听到我出生在一个音乐世家，有一位优秀的钢琴老师。根据“They expect to hear that I was b...into a musical family”可知，此处是be born into短语，意为“出生于”，故填(b)orn。
【67题详解】
句意：然而，事实并非如此。根据“However, the truth is d...”可知，前后句意转折，事实与他们想的不同，different“不同的”，在句中作表语，故填(d)ifferent。
【68题详解】
句意：我父母允许我坐在钢琴前，想唱多久就唱多久。根据“My parents allowed me to sit at the piano and sing for as l...as I wanted.”可知，此处是as long as短语，意为“只要”，故填(l)ong。
【69题详解】
句意：他们也没有建议我去上课。根据“They didn’t s...that I should take lessons, either.”可知，父母没有建议我去上课，suggest“建议”，助动词didn’t后用动词原形，故填(s)uggest。
【70题详解】
句意：当我把手放在钢琴上的时候，歌曲就会浮现在我的脑海里。根据“The songs just came to me when I had my h...on the piano.”可知，是把手放在钢琴上，hand“手”，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填(h)ands。
【71题详解】
句意：音乐是我的，歌词是别人写的。根据“The music was m...but the words were from other song writers.”可知，歌词是别人写的，但是因为是“我的”，mine“我的”，在句中作表语，故填(m)ine。
【72题详解】
句意：然后你开始改变旋律和歌词，形成自己的风格。根据“Then you start c...the melodies(旋律) and the words and you develop your own style.”可知，改变旋律和歌词，形成自己的风格，change“改变”，start doing sth“开始做某事”，故填(c)hanging。
【73题详解】
句意：这只是在我长大后才发生的，那时我已经超过了青少年时期。根据“That only happened l...when I had grown beyond my teenage years.”可知，是在长大后才发生的，later“之后”符合语境，故填(l)ater。
【74题详解】
句意：我的父母一直坚信我能以音乐家的身份谋生，但我心存疑虑，所以毕业后我在电台做广告。根据“I would be able to make a l...as a musician”可知，此处是make a living短语，意为“谋生”，故填(l)iving。
【75题详解】
句意：我的父母一直坚信我能以音乐家的身份谋生，但我心存疑虑，所以毕业后我在电台做广告。根据“so after school I took a j...in radio advertising”可知，毕业后我在电台找了一个做广告的工作，job“工作”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(j)ob。

【南京市建邺区2022年中考英语二模试卷】
B)根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。

Why are people taking pictures of their faces, their hobbies and their food? Why do we catch every single moment? I can’t really give you an answer, b____66____ to be honest, I am one of those people who take photographs of everything.
The special thing about photography is that we can catch moments a____67____ and anytime. All we need for this is our phone—something that rarely leaves our side. Compared to other forms of art, you don’t need any special g____68____ for it. Every single one of us can get started with this wonderful hobby, no matter whether your goal is to sell your photographs or just to keep them for your own viewing pleasure.
Every picture you take is a personal story. There is no painting without background. However, different from a painting, you don’t need to spend h____69____ of your time on it. It is a way to express yourself, with little to no skills. Camera phones a____70____ us to share our pictures with the world in a few seconds. Pictures connect and show the people around us what is going on in our life right now.
The most amazing thing for me is the ability to catch every single moment in my life w____71____ just a single click of a button. This makes me remember every experience as it h____72____. It’s crazy how the feelings of one single picture can throw you back in time. We can connect to our past, no matter where we are and keep those memories that are the most m____73____ to us. Photography is also an amazing tool to understand the world around us and to stay in the moment. People love to use photography to remember i____74____ moments in their lives so that they can treasure them forever. There is more to this hobby than “just taking pictures”. It is a way to express your feelings, your interest and also yourself. Photography is art and it can make each of us become an a____75____. Enjoy your side of art, and take a picture of your next moment!
【答案】
66. (b)ut 67. (a)nywhere 68. (g)ift##(g)ifts 69. (h)ours
70. (a)llow 71. (w)ith 72. (h)appens 73. (m)eaningful 74. (i)mportant 75. (a)rtist
【解析】本文主要介绍了人们喜欢给所有东西拍照的原因。
【66题详解】
句意：我真的不能给你一个答案，但老实说，我是那种对一切都拍照的人。根据“I can’t really give you an answer, b…to be honest, I am one of those people who take photographs of everything.”可知，此处前后为转折关系，使用连词but。故填(b)ut。
【67题详解】
句意：摄影的特殊之处在于，我们可以随时随地捕捉瞬间。根据“The special thing about photography is that we can catch moments a…and anytime”可知，此处指随时随地，anywhere and anytime“随时随地”，故填(a)nywhere。
【68题详解】
句意：与其他艺术形式相比，你不需要任何特殊的天赋。根据“Every single one of us can get started with this wonderful hobby, no matter whether your goal is to sell your photographs or just to keep them for your own viewing pleasure.”可知，摄影不需要天赋，gift“天赋”，any+可数名词复数或者单数均可。故填(g)ift/(g)ifts。
【69题详解】
句意：然而，与绘画不同的是，你不需要花很多时间在上面。根据“you don’t need to spend h…of your time on it.”可知，spend time on sth“花时间在某事上”，此处指hours“长时间”，故填(h)ours。
【70题详解】
句意：拍照手机能让我们在几秒钟内就把照片分享给全世界。根据“Camera phones a…us to share our pictures with the world in a few seconds.”可知，此处指allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，本句为一般现在时，主语为名词复数，使用动词原形。故填(a)llow。
【71题详解】
句意：对我来说，最神奇的是，只要轻轻一按，我就能捕捉到生活中的每一个瞬间。根据“The most amazing thing for me is the ability to catch every single moment in my life w…just a single click of a button.”可知，此处使用介词with“用，使用”，故填(w)ith。
【72题详解】
句意：这让我记得每一次发生的经历。根据“We can connect to our past, no matter where we are and keep those memories”可知，可以让我记得每一次发生的经历，happen“发生”，本句为一般现在时。主语为it，使用动词三单。故填(h)appens。
【73题详解】
句意：无论身在何处，我们都可以与过去联系起来，并保留那些对我们最有意义的记忆。根据“We can connect to our past, no matter where we are and keep those memories that are the most m…to us.”可知，我们可以保留那些对我们最有意义的记忆，meaningful“有意义的”，形容词作表语。故填(m)eaningful。
【74题详解】
句意：人们喜欢用摄影来记住他们生活中的重要时刻，这样他们就可以永远珍惜这些时刻。根据“People love to use photography to remember i…moments in their lives so that they can treasure them forever.”可知，此处指记住他们生活中的重要时刻，important“重要的”，形容词作定语修饰名词。故填(i)mportant。
【75题详解】
句意：摄影是一门艺术，它可以让我们每个人都成为艺术家。根据“Photography is art”可知，此处指艺术家，artist“艺术家”，an+名词单数。故填(a)rtist。

【南京市建邺区2022年中考英语一模试题】
B) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。

In the Song Dynasty, there was a painter called Wen Tong. He was not only admired for his great learning, but also well k___66___ for his bamboo paintings. Every day many people v____67____ him to learn his painting skills. What was the s____68____ of his paintings? Actually, Wen Tong loved bamboos so much that he g____69____ different kinds of bamboos around his house. No matter what season it was and no matter whether it was sunny o____70____ rainy, he often went to watch how they were growing. He thought over the length and width of the bamboo poles (竹竿) as well as the shapes and c____71____ of the leaves. Whenever he had a new understanding, he drew w____72____ was in his mind on the paper. Over a long period of time, the different images of bamboos were deep in his mind. So every time he was painting bamboos, he seemed confident, and all the bamboos he painted were very l____73____ and true to life.
A poet who knew him very w____74____ wrote “When Wen Tong was painting bamboos, he had their images ready in his bosom (胸怀).”
The idiom means we should have ready plans or designs in our mind before d_____75_____ a certain job so that success will naturally come. And this idiom can also be used to mean being calm and cool-headed in dealing with things.
【答案】
66. (k)nown 67. (v)isited 68. (s)ecret 69. (g)rew 70. (o)r 71. (c)olors##(c)olours
72. (w)hat 73. (l)ively 74. (w)ell 75. (d)oing
【解析】本文介绍了宋朝著名画家文同因为画竹子而出名，文中介绍了他画竹子的技巧。他平时经常观察竹子，因此画竹子时，就了然于胸了。这个成语意味着我们在做某件事之前，我们脑子里应该有一个准备好的计划或设计，这样成功自然就会到来。
【66题详解】
句意：他不仅因为学识渊博而受人钦佩，而且因为他的竹画而出名。be well known for“因为……而出名”，故填(k)nown。
【67题详解】
句意：每天很多人拜访他学习他的绘画技术。根据“to learn his painting skills”和首字母v可知，为了学习他的绘画技术，因此拜访他，visit“参观，拜访”，根据“In the Song Dynasty,”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填(v)isited。
【68题详解】
句意：他绘画的秘密是什么？根据“Actually, Wen Tong loved bamboos so much that he g…different kinds of bamboos around his house.”和“he often went to watch how they were growing.”和首字母s，可知，此处询问他画画的秘诀，secret“秘密”，是名词，谓语was是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填(s)ecret。
【69题详解】
句意：实际上，文同非常喜欢竹子，他在房子周围种了各种各样的竹子。根据“different kinds of bamboos around his house”和首字母g可知，他在房子的周围种了竹子，grow“种植”，是动词，根据“loved”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填(g)rew。
【70题详解】
句意：无论什么季节，无论是晴天还是雨天，他都经常去看它们是如何生长的。whether…or…表示“无论……，还是……”，故填(o)r。
【71题详解】
句意：他想了想竹竿的长度和宽度，还有叶子的形状和颜色。根据“the shapes”和“of the leaves”和首字母c可知，此处表示竹叶的形状和颜色，color=colour“颜色”，是名词，根据“shapes”可知，此处用复数形式，故填(c)olors/(c)olours。
【72题详解】
句意：每当他有了新的认识，他就把他的想法画在纸上。此处作为动词drew的宾语从句，缺少主语，表示事物，用代词what，故填(w)hat。
【73题详解】
句意：所以他每次画竹子时，都显得很自信，他画的竹子都很生动，很逼真。根据“true to life”和首字母l可知，此处表示逼真的，生动的，lively“生动的”，是形容词，作为系动词were的表语，有副词very修饰，用形容词。故填(l)ively。
【74题详解】
句意：一位非常了解他的诗人写道：“文同画竹子的时候，他已经把竹子的形象了然于胸了。”根据“When Wen Tong was painting bamboos, he had their images ready in his bosom (胸怀).”可知，他了解文同画竹子的情况，因此他非常了解文同，well“好地”，是副词，修饰动宾短语knew him，用副词，故填(w)ell。
【75题详解】
句意：这个成语的意思是在做某件事之前，我们脑子里应该有一个准备好的计划或设计，这样成功自然就会到来。根据“When Wen Tong was painting bamboos, he had their images ready in his bosom (胸怀).”和首字母d可知，此处表示做事之前，做好准备，do“做”，before doing sth“做某事之前”，故填(d)oing。

【南京市金陵中学集团2022年中考英语一模试题】
六、首字母填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示, 填写所缺单词。
What is social media? Social media has been around for years now, and most of us would probably d____66____ it as any Internet medium that can be used to share information with others, including blogs, forums, games, websites and other stuff. Social media is certainly an interesting place to learn o____67____ opinions on the Internet. You can read everything from strange ideas to true facts and everything in between. But when you’re spending time online and reading so many opinions, it’s q____68____ possible that you’ll sometimes see someone write something that you strongly disagree with.
In fact, you might feel so strongly that you feel like you should reply to this person at once. You might do some r____69____, find some facts of your own and reply to what they have written. You finish writing out your reply, click “post” and w____70____ the argument!
Except that it’s not really much of a victory. Most people don’t like it when other people disagree with their ideas, e____71____ online strangers. It’s unlikely that they will change their opinion just because you argued with them. In fact, it’s possible that you m____72____ them feel more confident that they’re correct.
And the thing is, when you get in these kinds of fights online, it s____73____ influences you. You might not know it at first, b____74____ the argument that you take part in can actually have a bad effect on you mood. If you argue often, you start to enjoy arguing and then end up doing it even more. It’s a dangerous cycle.
I guess the best thing to do is to tell yourself that most arguments aren’t w_____75_____ it. There are much better and more interesting things to do, whether online or in real life.
【答案】
66. (d)escribe 67. (o)thers’ 68. (q)uite 69. (r)esearch
70. (w)in 71. (e)specially 72. (m)ake 73. (s)lowly 74. (b)ut 75. (w)orth
【解析】本文阐述了作者呼吁读者利用社交软件来促进真实的社交生活。
【66题详解】
句意：社交媒体已经存在多年了，我们大多数人可能会把它描述为任何可以用来与他人分享信息的互联网媒体，包括博客、论坛、游戏、网站和其他东西。根据“can be used to share information with others, including blogs, forums, games, websites and other stuff.”及首字母可知，此处是把它描述为任何可以用来与他人分享信息的互联网媒体，describe意为“描述” ；情态动词would后跟动词原形。故填(d)escribe。
【67题详解】
句意：社交媒体当然是一个在互联网上了解他人观点的有趣地方。根据“opinions on the Internet.”及首字母可知，此处指了解他人的观点，others意为“其他人”；空后的opinions 是名词，这里用名词所有格。故填(o)thers’。
【68题详解】
句意：但是，当你花时间上网阅读这么多观点时，你有时可能会看到有人写了一些你强烈反对的东西。根据“possible that you’ll sometimes see someone write something that you strongly disagree with.”及首字母可知，此处指你有时可能会看到有人写了一些你强烈反对的东西。quite意为“相当；完全地”，是一个副词，修饰形容词possible。故填(q)uite。
【69题详解】
句意：你可以做一些研究，找到自己的一些事实，然后回复他们所写的。根据“find some facts of your own”及首字母可知，此处是指做一些研究，research意为“研究”，不可数名词。故填(r)esearch。
【70题详解】
句意：你写完你的回复，点击“发布”并赢得争论！根据下一段“Except that it’s not really much of a victory.”，可知这不是一个真正的胜利，所以你并没有赢得争论，win意为“赢得”。故填(w)in。
【71题详解】
句意：大多数人不喜欢别人不同意他们的想法（尤其是网上陌生人）。根据“Most people don’t like it when other people disagree with their ideas, …online strangers.”及首字母可知，此处是指尤其是网上陌生人，especially是个“强调副词”，用来加强语气。意为“尤其是；特别是”。故填(e)specially。
【72题详解】
句意：事实上，你可能会让他们对自己的判断更加自信。根据“them feel more confident that they’re correct.”及首字母可知，这里指让他们对自己的判断更加自信，make意为“使”；结合语境可知，此处的时态为一般现在时，主语you为复数，这里用动词原形。故填(m)ake。
【73题详解】
句意：问题是，当你在网上打这类仗时，它会慢慢地影响你。根据“You might not know it at first,”及首字母可知，这里是它会慢慢地影响你，slowly意为“慢慢地”，副词，修饰动词。故填(s)lowly。
【74题详解】
句意：一开始你可能不知道，但你参与的争论实际上会对你的情绪产生不良影响。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是转折关系，用but连接。故填(b)ut。
【75题详解】
句意：我想最好的办法是告诉自己，大多数争论都不值得。根据“There are much better and more interesting things to do, whether online or in real life.”及首字母可知，有些争论不值得，worth意为“值得”，be worth意为“值得”。故填(w)orth。

【南京市联合体2022年中考英语二模试卷】
One cannot discuss Chinese music without mentioning the guqin, one of the four arts — along with go, calligraphy and painting. It first a____66____ over 3, 000 years ago and represents China’s solo musical instrument tradition.
At first, the guqin had only five strings (弦), representing the five elements(元素) of metal, wood, water, f____67____ and earth. Later, in Zhou Dynasty, King Wen of Zhou added a sixth string for his son. King Wu of Zhou, added a seventh string to e____68____ his army to fight with the Shang.
Ambience (环境氛围) was important in playing the guqin. Usually, it was practiced in a q____69____ place and never for public performance. Ancient artists e____70____ performing by a stream in the mountains. The sound of the guqin mixed with the echoes (回音) from the mountains, u____71____ the musician felt he was at one with nature. Playing it in the snow was also an enjoyable activity for ancient artists, who believed the instrument was the purest of its kind in the world. Also, a night with moonlight was c____72____ ideal for playing the guqin. Wang Wei (701-761), a highly talented man of the Tang Dynasty, liked playing it in a bamboo forest on nights w____73____ moonlight most.
Guqin pieces are usually three to eight minutes long, with the longest being Guangling lerse, which is 22 minutes long. Other famous pieces i____74____ Plum Blossoms in Three Movements and Eighteen Songs of a Nomad Flute.
Nowadays, there are f______75______ than one thousand well-trained guqin players and perhaps no more than fifty living masters. The original number of several thousand pieces has greatly reduced to only one hundred works by today.
【答案】
66. (a)ppeared 67. (f)ire 68. (e)ncourage 69. (q)uiet 70. (e)njoyed
71. (u)ntil 72. (c)onsidered 73. (w)ith 74. (i)nclude 75. (f)ewer
【解析】本文主要介绍了中国古琴的历史发展和文化。
【66题详解】
句意：它首次出现在3000多年前， 代表了中国的独奏乐器传统。空格处作谓语，应用动词。结合句中“first首先”和首字母可知“appear出现，动词”符合语境， 结合时间状语“over 3, 000 years ago”可知此句时态为一般过去时， 故填(a)ppeared。
【67题详解】
句意：起初， 古琴只有五根弦， 代表着金、木、水、火、土五行。结合“the five elements(元素) of metal, wood, water,...”和首字母提示可知“fire火”符合语境，故填(f)ire。
【68题详解】
句意：周武王增加了第七根弦， 以鼓励他的军队和商朝作战。根据“King Wu of Zhou, added a seventh string to …his army to fight with the Shang.”和首字母提示可知“encourage鼓励”符合语境，encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事，由空格前“to”可知填动词原形，此处是动词不定式表示目的。故填(e)ncourage。
【69题详解】
句意：通常， 它是在一个僻静的地方练习的，从不用于公开表演。空格处修饰名词place用形容词。根据句中“never for public performance”和首字母提示可知quiet“安静的，僻静的，形容词”符合题意，僻静的地方。 故填(q)uiet。
【70题详解】
句意：古代艺术家喜欢在山间小溪边表演。根据首字母提示和“Ancient artists… performing by a stream in the mountains.”可知“enjoy喜欢”符合语境，enjoy doing喜欢做某事，此句陈述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时， 故填(e)njoyed。
【71题详解】
句意：古琴声与山间的回声交织在一起，直到这位音乐家感到自己与大自然融为一体。根据首字母提示和“The sound of the guqin mixed with the echoes (回音) from the mountains, …the musician felt he was at one with nature可知until“直到”符合语境， 故填(u)ntil。
【72题详解】
句意：此外， 有月光的夜晚被认为是演奏古琴的理想之地。根据首字母提示和“a night with moonlight was … ideal for playing the gugin.”可知consider“认为”符合语境， 此句是一般过去时的被动语态，consider的过去分词是considered，故填(c)onsidered。
【73题详解】
句意：王维（701-761）， 唐代才华横溢的人， 最喜欢在有月光的夜晚在竹林里演奏。根据首字母提示和“nights…moonlight most. ”可知with“有”符合语境，有月光的夜晚， 故填(w)ith。
【74题详解】
句意：其他著名作品包括《梅花三乐章》和《游牧长笛十八首歌》。根据首字母提示和“Other famous pieces…Plum Blossoms in Three Movements and Eighteen Songs of a Nomad Flute.”可知include“包含”符合语境， 由上文“Guqin pieces are usually…”是一般现在时，可知此句时态为一般现在时，主语pieces是复数，谓语动词用原形，故填(i)nclude。
【75题详解】
句意：现今训练有素的古琴演奏家不到1000人，在世的琴师可能不超过50人。由than可知使用比较级，结合 “perhaps no more than fifty living masters”和首字母提示可知是fewer“更少的”符合语境，fewer than少于，意为“……古琴演奏家不到1000人”， 故填(f)ewer。

【南京市秦淮区2022年中考英语二模试卷】
B)首字母填空。

Ishmael started her job as a Chinese teacher in 2022. Her students f____66____ excited and happy when they greeted her with the Chinese phrase “ni hao” which is translated into “hello” in English.
As a large number of students e____67____ an interest in learning Chinese, the school carried out Chinese as a full-time language study program in 2018. Some of the content are Chinese greetings, teaching kids how to count numbers, how to introduce t____68____, their family members, the weather and time. Kids also take part in competitions like the Primary School Chinese Bridge. The w____69____ is able to represent the school and travel to China.
Now Ishmael teaches 14 classes made up of 350 students, and she s____70____ a lot of time preparing for each lesson. “Teaching a language is really interesting. Kids are always interested in learning more about China, e____71____ about the Chinese culture and food. They even ask a lot of questions during my lessons like what their f____72____ thing is called in Chinese,” she said, adding that most of the students want to visit China now.
According to Ishmael, students can get a lot from learning Chinese. In China, almost e____73____ is convenient (便利的), like transportation and payment methods, so they can learn and see how they can improve services in their own country. She also encouraged students to c____74____ a career in the Chinese language. “It is not only for communication. It will open up another c____75____ to them. There are more types of jobs that one can do after learning Chinese.” she said.
【答案】
66. (f)elt 67. (e)xpressed 68. (t)hemselves 69. (w)inner 70. (s)pends
71. (e)specially 72. (f)avourite##(f)avorite 73. (e)verything 74. (c)onsider 75. (c)hance
【解析】本文主要介绍了一位给外国小孩教授汉语的外国人Ishmael，并详细介绍了她的学习经历和教学经历和感受，以及想法。
【66题详解】
句意：她的学生感到非常激动和高兴，他们用中文说着“你好”，翻译成英语是“hello”。根据“Her students...excited and happy”和首字母提示可知，此处是指感到很激动和高兴。feel“感觉”，动词；从句是一般过去时，且主句和从句的动作依次发生，故主句也是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填(f)elt。
【67题详解】
句意：因为有很多学生表示对学习汉语感兴趣，所以该校于2018年开设全日制中文课程。根据“As a large number of students...an interest in learning Chinese,”和首字母提示可知，此处是指表示对学汉语感兴趣。express“表示”，动词；且根据时间状语“in 2018.”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填(e)xpressed。
【68题详解】
句意：其中一些内容是用中文打招呼，教给小孩子数数，怎样介绍自己、家人、天气和时间。根据“how to introduce...their family members, the weather and time.”和首字母提示可知，此处是指介绍(他们)自己。themselves“他们自己”。故填(t)hemselves。
【69题详解】
句意：优胜者有机会代表学校（领奖），并到中国旅游。根据“Kids also take part in competitions like the Primary School Chinese Bridge”和首字母提示可知，此处是指获胜者，其英文表达为winner，名词；又因空后有be动词“is”，所以主语是名词单数。故填(w)inner。
【70题详解】
句意：她花费很多时间准备每一节课。根据“she...a lot of time preparing for each lesson.”和首字母提示可知，此处spend“花费”符合语境，且符合spend time (in) doing sth.结构，意为“花费时间做某事”。再根据“Now Ishmael teaches...”可知，本句是一般现在时。故填(s)pends。
【71题详解】
句意：孩子们一直对想学习关于中国的更多东西，特别是中国文化和饮食。根据“learning more about China,...about the Chinese culture and food”和首字母提示可知，此处是指尤其是中国文化和饮食。 especially“尤其是”，副词。故填(e)specially。
【72题详解】
句意：在我的课上，他们甚至询问很多问题，比如他们最喜欢的东西用中文怎么说。根据“They even ask a lot of questions during my lessons like what their...thing is called in Chinese,”和首字母提示可知，此处favourite/favorite符合语境，意为“最喜欢的”，形容词作定语。故填(f)avourite/(f)avorite。
【73题详解】
句意：在中国，像交通和支付方式等一切几乎都很方便。根据“In China, almost...is convenient”和首字母提示可知，此处是指所有事都很方便。everything“所有事”，不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。故填(e)verything。
【74题详解】
句意：她还鼓励学生考虑（从事）中文职业。根据“She also encouraged students to...a career in the Chinese language.”和首字母提示可知，此处是指考虑中文方面的职业。consider“考虑”，动词；固定短语encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故填(c)onsider。
【75题详解】
句意：这将给他们提供另一个机会。根据“There are more types of jobs that one can do after learning Chinese”和首字母提示可知，他们学习中文后将能够做更多工作，也为他们提供了另外一个机会。chance“机会”，名词。故填(c)hance。

【南京市秦淮区2022年中考英语一模试题】
B) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
As you’ve grown up, has your favourite color changed?
Colors can stand for different feelings and moods. That’s why more than 20 years ago, the Pantone Color Institute（研究所）decided to choose a color every December to r____66____ the feelings of the coming year. What color did it decide on for the year 2022?
It is Very Peri, a kind of Color that m____67____ the peacefulness of blue with energetic red. This is the first time the company has created a new color for Color of the Year instead of p____68____ an old one.
So, why Very Peri?
Each year, Pantone studies the happenings of the world to find the most s____69____ color, and for 2022, it’s all about the influence of the digital world. The blue with red stands for the light of digital screens, reported People’s Daily. This shows how our physical（现实的）and digital lives are coming t____70____ in new ways.
“It is really important for us to come up with a new colour, s____71____ we have a very new view of the world now,” said Leatrice Eiseman. “Of all the blue hues（色调）, it is the happiest and the w____72____.” Mixing in red, she said, gives the color a feeling of warmth and newness. The feeling of newness may be just what we all need. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed h____73____ we live and work. Now people need to think outside the box.
“We’ve gone through so many challenges, and we w____74____ what’s going to happen from one day to the next,” said Laurie Pressman. “Keeping curious helps people get through these d____75____. That’s what we would like to call ‘creative courage’.”
【答案】
66. (r)epresent 67. (m)ixes 68. (p)icking 69. (s)uitable 70. (t)ogether
71. (s)ince 72. (w)isest 73. (h)ow 74. (w)onder 75. (d)ifficulties
【解析本文主要讲述了潘通颜色研究所决定选择一种颜色来代表来年的感觉，以及为什么选择这些颜色，选择这些颜色的意义何在。
【66题详解】
句意：这就是为什么20多年前，潘通颜色研究所决定每年12月选择一种颜色来代表来年的感觉。根据下句“What color did it decide on for the year 2022?”可知，作者提出一个问题表示，2022年用什么颜色代表呢？由此可知，并且结合首字母“r”可知，本句应该使用“represent”，意为“代表”；根据“to”后接动词原形。故填(r)epresent。
【67题详解】
句意：它是Very Peri，一种非常柔和的颜色，将蓝色的宁静与充满活力的红色混合在一起。根据“the peacefulness of blue with energetic red”可知，把红色加在蓝色里，应该表示混合；“mix”意为“混合”；根据本句结构分析，“that … the peacefulness of blue with energetic red”为定语从句，修饰“a kind of Color”，为单数，“that”为先行词，因此“mix”应该使用第三人称单数。故填(m)ixes。
【68题详解】
句意：这是该公司首次为年度最佳颜色设计新颜色，而不是选择旧颜色。根据情境可知，这家公司创造了一个新颜色，而不是选择旧颜色；根据首字母“p”可知，应该使用“pick”；根据“instead of”可知，应该使用动名词。故填(p)icking。
【69题详解】
句意：每年，潘通都会研究世界上发生的事情，以找到最合适的颜色。根据情境可知，这家研究所是根据本年度的事情来找到最合适的颜色；“suitable”意为“合适的”；“most”后接形容词原级。故填(s)uitable。
【70题详解】
句意：这表明我们现实的和数字化的生活正以新的方式融合在一起。根据“our physical（现实的）and digital lives”可知，是把现实的生活和数字化的生活融合在一起。故填(t)ogether。
【71题详解】
句意：我们现在对世界有了一个全新的看法，既然想出一种新的颜色对我们来说非常重要。 根据情境可知，后半句表示一种原因，根据首字母“s”可知，应该使用“since”，表示“既然”。故填(s)ince。
【72题详解】
句意：在所有的蓝色中, 这是最幸福、最明智的。根据下句“Mixing in red, she said, gives the color a feeling of warmth and newness.”可知，这种颜色是幸福的，也是睿智的；“wise”意为“睿智的”；根据“happiest”可知，应该使用最高级。故填(w)isest。
【73题详解】
句意：新冠肺炎改变了我们的生活和工作方式。根据“we live and work.”可知，缺少状语，根据情境和首字母“h”可知，应该使用“how”，表示“如何生活，如何工作”。故填(h)ow。
【74题详解】
句意：我们经历了这么多的挑战，我们想知道从一天到明天会发生什么。根据“what’s going to happen from one day to the next”可知，对明天会发生什么事情产生好奇；根据首字母“w”可知，应该使用“wonder”，表示“想知道”。故填(w)onder。
【75题详解】
句意：保持好奇心有助于人们克服这些困难。根据“get through”“克服”可知，应该表示“克服困难”；“difficulty”意为“困难”；根据“these”可知，应该使用复数。故填(d)ifficulties。

【南京市玄武区2022年中考英语二模试卷】
B)根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。

Lu Kaigang, a 21-year-old villager from rural Guangxi, China, known for his countryside modelling videos, has caught international attention. He has r___66___ invitations to walk at some of the largest fashion weeks on the global stage.
Lu has over 4 million followers on his Kuaishou account, where he posts videos u___67___ the name “Xiao Xianren”. Lu became famous for his continued efforts to f___68___ his dream for modelling while working as a waiter and a factory worker.
“I have had a supermodel dream since I was ten. I saw a fashion show on TV when I felt it was so cool to do that on the runway,” said Lu. From then on, he p___69___ the catwalk hard.
Without any professional t___70___, he learned to catwalk from fashion show videos. By his talents, Lu designed and made clothes using ready m___71___, from bamboo sticks, plastic bags to even an air conditioner. He turned everywhere into his runway, ranging from a narrow alley to an empty factory.
Lu’s early works were laughed at as many people c___72___ him as a funny clown(小丑)dressed in strange costumes. However, Lu’s determination made him a___73___ to be seen. Finally it helped him to walk on the international stage s___74___.
“I like staying in n___75___ That was my runway. I enjoyed the freedom to perform alone. I will miss the experience of the catwalk in forests forever.” Lu said.
【答案】
66. received 67. under##using 68. follow 69. practised 70. training
71. materials 72. considered 73. able 74. successfully 75. nature
【解析】本文主要介绍了网红——陆开港是如何一步步走上国际舞台的。
【66题详解】
句意：他收到了一些全球大型时装周的邀请。根据“invitations”和首字母提示可知，收到邀请函，结合has，需要过去分词构成现在完成时态，received符合句意；故填(r)eceived。
【67题详解】
句意：陆开港在他的快手账号上有400多万粉丝，他在快手上以“小仙人”的名字发布视频。根据“the name “Xiao Xianren””和首字母提示可知，使用名字，用现在分词作状语，using符合句意；或者用介词，under the name“用……名字”符合句意；故填(u)nder/(u)sing。
【68题详解】
句意：陆开港在做服务员和工厂工人的同时，坚持不懈地追求自己的模特梦想而出名。根据“his dream for modelling”和首字母提示可知，坚持自己的梦想或实现自己的梦想，结合“to”，用动词原形，follow符合句意；故填(f)ollow。
【69题详解】
句意：从那时起，他就努力练习走秀。根据“the catwalk hard”和首字母提示可知，努力练习，结合“From then on”，用动词的过去式，practised符合句意；故填(p)ractised。
【70题详解】
句意：在没有任何专业训练的情况下，他从时装秀视频中学会了走t台。根据“professional”和首字母提示可知，没有任何专业训练，training符合句意；故填(t)raining。
【71题详解】
句意：凭借自己的天赋，陆勇用现成的材料设计和制作了衣服，从竹签、塑料袋甚至到空调。根据“from bamboo sticks, plastic bags to even an air conditioner”和首字母提示可知，利用现有的材料，material“材料”，用其复数形式；故填(m)aterials。
【72题详解】
句意：陆开港的早期作品被嘲笑，因为许多人认为他是一个穿着奇怪服装的滑稽小丑。根据“a funny clown”和首字母提示可知，人们认为他是一个小丑，结合“Lu’s early works were laughed at”，需要动词的过去式；considered“认为”符合句意；故填(c)onsidered。
【73题详解】
句意：然而，陆开港的决心让他得以为人所知。根据“to be seen”和首字母提示可知，能够让别人知道，be able to do“能够做某事”；故填(a)ble。
【74题详解】
句意：最终，它帮助他成功地走上了国际舞台根据“Finally it helped him to walk on the international stage”和首字母提示可知，副词修饰动词，成功地走上国际舞台，successfully“成功地”符合句意；故填(s)uccessfully。
【75题详解】
句意：我喜欢待在大自然中。根据“I will miss the experience of the catwalk in forests forever.”和首字母提示可知，喜欢待在大自然中，nature“大自然”符合句意；故填(n)ature。

【南京市玄武区2022年中考英语一模试题】
B)根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置。
Wang Yaping, China’s second female astronaut, finished a six-month mission onboard the country’s Space station several days ago. She once r___66___ a video message for the United Nations office in Geneva, Switzerland. In this video, Wang shared her experience, s___67___ her greetings to women around the world on the occasion of International Women’s Day on March 8.
I wish all girls with space d___68___ to guard your hope for going to the sea of stars. One day, before you know it, when you look u___69___, you will see that your dream is already within reach,” Wang said. She said that space has never changed its environment or lowered its standard because of the arrival of women, and that lots of flight data show that there are n___70___ differences in the ability of the sexes to work in space. Women can all complete the s___71___ training and assessment as male astronauts at a high standard.
“It is c___72___ that more and more women will take part in manned spaceflight missions. It will play an i___73___ role in the large-scale and long-term human exploration of space in the future,” she said.
“Ladies, women all over the world are making a big difference to the world t___74___ their own efforts,” she said.
“I would like to take this chance to thank every female for their selfless dedication, I also wish every female would p____75____ the brightest stars for the lives and careers we love in our own starry sky.”
【答案】
66. (r)ecorded 67. (s)ending 68. (d)reams 69. (u)p 70. (n)o
71. (s)ame 72. (c)ertain##(c)lear 73. (i)mportant 74. (t)hrough 75. (p)ick
【解析】本文主要介绍了中国女航天员王亚平的故事。
【66题详解】
句意：她曾经为瑞士日内瓦的联合国办事处录制了一段视频信息。根据“She once...a video”可知她录制视频，根据“shared”可知句子使用一般过去时，动词用过去式recorded“录制”。故填(r)ecorded。
【67题详解】
句意：在这段视频中，王亚平分享了她的经历，在 3月8日国际妇女节之际向世界各地的女性致以问候。根据“...her greetings to women...”可知在妇女节向女性问候，send greetings to sb.“问候某人”，句中有谓语动词“shared”，此处用非谓语动词，主句主语Wang和send之间是主动关系，此处用现在分词作伴随状语。故填(s)ending。
【68题详解】
句意：祝所有有太空梦想的女孩，守护你去星海的希望。根据“all girls with space...you will see that your dream...”可知是有太空梦想，dream“梦想”，此处用名词复数表示泛指。故填(d)reams。
【69题详解】
句意：有一天，不知不觉中，当你抬起头来，你会发现你的梦想已经触手可及。根据“all girls with space...you will see that your dream...”可知有太空梦想，要向上看，look up“向上看”。故填(u)p。
【70题详解】
句意：大量的飞行数据表明，两性在太空工作的能力没有差异。根据“Women can all complete the...training and assessment as male astronauts at a high standard”可知女性也可以完成和男性一样的训练和考核，说明男性和女性的能力没有差异，no“没有”。故填(n)o。
【71题详解】
句意：女性也可以高标准完成与男性宇航员相同的训练和考核。根据“there are...differences in the ability of the sexes to work in space”可知两性之间的能力没有差异，所以女性和男性的训练和考核是一样的，same“同样的”。故填(s)ame。
【72题详解】
句意：很明显，越来越多的女性将参加载人航天任务。根据“It will play an...role in the large-scale and long-term human exploration of space in the future”可知将来会有越来越多的女性参加航天任务，这是肯定的，作be动词的表语用形容词certain“肯定的”/clear“清晰的”。故填(c)ertain/(c)lear。
【73题详解】
句意：它将在未来大规模、长期的人类太空探索中发挥重要作用。根据“It will play an...role in the large-scale and long-term human exploration of space in the future”可知将来会有越来越多的女性参加航天任务，所以她们会发挥重要的作用，important“重要的”，形容词作定语。故填(i)mportant。
【74题详解】
句意：全世界的女性都在通过自己的努力为世界带来巨大的改变。根据“making a big difference to the world...their own efforts”可知是通过努力改变世界，through“通过”。故填(t)hrough。
【75题详解】
句意：我也希望每一位女性都能在自己的星空中为我们热爱的生活和事业挑选最亮的星星。根据“...the brightest stars”可知是摘星星，pick“摘”，would后加动词原形。故填(p)ick。