高中英语高考M3 Unit 1 The world of our senses(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(解析)

这是一份高中英语高考M3 Unit 1 The world of our senses(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(解析)，共18页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
M3 Unit 1 The world of our senses(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测
(新高考•江苏)
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·浙江高二月考)The next time you need to get somewhere, you may be able to follow your nose. A study has found that a strong sense of smell is associated with a strong sense of direction.
Researchers conducted an experiment at McGill University in Canada. Fifty-seven adults were invited to participate in a virtual “way-finding task" in which they had to make their way around a virtual environment. They were given 20 minutes to learn about the virtual city. After having passed by each of eight landmarks at least twice, the participants were placed in front of one of the landmarks and asked to find the most direct route to one assigned by the researchers.
The participants also smelled 40 scented(有香气的)pens one at a time. After a brief sniff, the participants chose one word that best identified the smell from four words on a screen.
An additional exercise used a virtual maze(迷宫)to determine if the participants were more likely to rely on landmarks to find the way or if they used a more habit-based method built over time as people traveled the same route over and over again.
What the researchers found was that those with the ability to correctly identify the smells of the pens also had the easiest time performing the way-finding task by way of landmarks. A strong sense of smell was not identified in the participants who used the more habit-based method.
The connection between the sense of smell and way-finding likely came about as a result of the evolution of the nervous system. The original function of the sense of smell in humans may have been intended to support our spatial memory.
Keep that in mind the next time you get lost going to the dentist. It won’t prevent you from getting horribly lost, but it’s good food for thought along the way.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究，研究发现强烈的嗅觉与强烈的方向感有关。
1. How does the author support his argument?
A. By examining differences. B. By doing virtual experiment.
C. By providing examples. D. By analyzing cause.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Fifty-seven adults were invited to participate in a virtual “way-finding task” in which they had to make their way around a virtual environment.(57名成年人被邀请参加一个虚拟的“寻路任务”，在这个任务中，他们必须在一个虚拟的环境中找到自己的路)”及第三段“The participants also smelled 40 scented(有香气的)pens one at a time. After a brief sniff, the participants chose one word that best identified the smell from four words on a screen.(参与者还一次嗅40支有香味的钢笔。经过短暂的嗅闻，参与者从屏幕上的四个单词中选出一个最能辨别气味的单词)”和第四段中的“An additional exercise used a virtual maze(迷宫)to determine if the participants were more likely to rely on landmarks to find the way or if they used a more habit-based method built over time as people traveled the same route over and over again.(另外一个练习使用了虚拟迷宫来确定参与者是否更倾向于依赖路标来寻找道路，或者他们是否使用了一种随着时间的推移而建立起来的基于习惯的方法，因为人们一遍又一遍地走同一条路线)”可知，为了支持强烈的嗅觉与强烈的方向感有关的论点，作者通过举例说明虚拟(寻路)测试和现实测试(即嗅闻测试)来验证观点。故选C项。
2.What were the participants asked to do after smelling a scented pen?
A. Decide whether they liked the smell. B. Use a sentence to describe the smell.
C. Choose a suitable word for the smell. D. Find the landmark that featured the smell.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段“The participants also smelled 40 scented(有香气的)pens one at a time. After a brief sniff, the participants chose one word that best identified the smell from four words on a screen.(参与者还一次嗅40支有香味的钢笔。经过短暂的嗅闻，参与者从屏幕上的四个单词中选出一个最能辨别气味的单词)”可知，参与者闻到一支有香味的钢笔后被要求选出一个最能辨别气味的单词，即为气味选择一个合适的词。故选C项。
3.Which of the following factors is related to a strong sense of direction?
A. The way of using landmarks. B. More experience in describing things.
C. Quick adjustment to the virtual world. D. A more habit-based way-finding method.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“What the researchers found was that those with the ability to correctly identify the smells of the pens also had the easiest time performing the way-finding task by way of landmarks.(研究人员发现，那些能够正确识别钢笔气味的人，也最容易通过路标来完成寻路任务)”可知，拥有强烈的嗅觉的人最容易通过路标来完成寻路任务，说明使用地标的方式与强烈的方向感有关。故选A项。
B
(学科网2021年高三3月大联考新课标Ⅱ卷)A group of researchers in Europe have announced a 3-year project called Odeuropa to collect information about the important smells of Europe, from the 1500s to the early 1900s. The European Union has given Odeuropa $3.3 million to spend over the next three years.
The people behind the project believe that smell is an important part of history, but one that is often pretermitted. Through pictures, photos, videos and audio(声音)recordings we have records of how things looked and sounded. But we don’t have records of how they smelled. And yet smell is an important sense. As the project’s website says, “Much more so than any other sense, our sense of smell is linked directly to our emotions(情感)and our memories.”
For the first year and a half, the project will focus on collecting information about European smells going back to the 1500s. To achieve this goal, the group plans to create digital versions of historical books in seven different languages. Then, they will use the scanned information to train an artificial intelligence(AI)system to look for anything related to smells. Once the system is trained, it should be able to automatically collect information on the smells of all sorts of things.
The final part of the project is even more complex. The team will work with chemists and people who make perfume to try to make the smells which aren’t around anymore come back to life. The team hopes to give new life to about 120 different smells. Odeuropa will then offer the smells to museums across Europe to help them do a better job of using smells in their exhibits, which is one way for museums to include people who have lost other senses, such as sight or hearing.
【语篇导读】本文属于说明文。欧洲的一组研究人员宣布了一项为期3年的项目Odeuropa，收集从16世纪到20世纪初欧洲重要气味的信息，以便对它们进行研究并重现那些现在没有的气味。
4.What does the underlined word “pretermitted” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Used. B. Researched. C. Ignored. D. Stored.
【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。结合上文“The people behind the project believe that smell is an important part of history”(该项目后的人认为气味是历史重要的一部分)和下文“But we don’t have records of how they smelled”(但我们没有它们闻起来的记录)，划线部分but表示转折意义，即虽然气味是历史重要的一部分但常常被忽略了，因此我们没记录有它们的。所以划线词的意思为“被忽略的”，与ignored同义。故选C项。
5.Which of the following is the first step of Odeuropa?
A. Training the AI system to work accurately. B. Collecting records of European smells.
C. Finding out old smells of different types. D. Making old documents digitalized.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For the first year and a half, the project will focus on collecting information about European smells going back to the 1500s. To achieve this goal, the group plans to create digital versions of historical books in seven different languages. Then, they will use the scanned information to train an artificial intelligence(AI)system to look for anything related to smells.”可知，这个项目在前一年半的时间里将专注于收集16世纪欧洲气味的信息。为了达到这个目的，他们计划创建7种不同语言的历史书籍的数字版本，然后再将这些信息用于训练人工智能系统来寻找相关气味的东西，即Odeuropa项目的第一步是让古老的记录数字化。故选D项。
6.What’s the author’s attitude towards Odeuropa?
A. Conservative. B. Objective. C. Favorable. D. Opposed.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题题。从全文内容来看，作者只是客观描述了Odeuropa项目要做的事情和目的，没有表达对该项目赞成与否，即作者对该项目持客观态度。故选B项。
7.What’s the suitable title for the text?
A. Smells Are So Important to Humans B. Odeuropa Helps Museums Smell Better
C. Historical Documents Hold the Lost Smells D. Scientists Research and Re-create Old Smells
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章大意，尤其是第一段“A group of researchers in Europe have announced a 3-year project called Odeuropa to collect information about the important smells of Europe, from the 1500s to the early 1900s. The European Union has given Odeuropa $3.3 million to spend over the next three years.”(欧洲一组研究人员宣布了一个为其三年的项目，名为 Odeuropa，旨在收集16世纪到20世纪初亚洲重要的气味信息。欧盟已经给Odeuropa提供了330万美元用于未来三年的支出)可知，全文主要介绍了：由欧盟支持的Odeuropa项目的工作内容和目的是通过文献收集从16世纪到20世纪初欧洲重要气味的信息并试图重现那些以前有但现在没有的气味。D项Scientists Research and Re-create Old Smells(科学家们研究并重建旧的气味)符合文章大意。其余选项有所涉及，但不能概括全文主要内容。故选D项。
C
(2021·四川高二期末)I was born with bad eyesight. At high school I couldn’t read the blackboard. By the time I got to the university of Bath to study Chemistry it had got to the point where I couldn’t really see images at all, only the difference between light and dark. And a few years later, once I was in the first year of my PhD, I was almost completely blind.
But climbing is my great passion. I started climbing when I was young. My dad taught me everything about climbing. When I was 11, I led my first climbing route outside. People are usually amazed when they discover that not only do I climb, but I also lead climbs.
At university I joined the Mountaineering Club and was able to climb much more frequently. We had regular trips to indoor walls and weekends away outdoors. I developed a great circle of climbing friends and went on several trips to Europe. After these I started Alpine climbing and ice climbing, too.
When my sight dropped to a level where I could no longer read, I thought I might have to give up leading. But I never thought I would stop climbing. I just learnt to adapt with the support of my friends.
People often ask me, “Why rock climbing? It doesn’t seem like a good activity for a blind person.”
But when I think about the danger, crossing the road is far more dangerous, and also, it’s something where I’m not in control.
It’s quite possible that I wouldn’t be such a good climber if I weren’t blind. If I didn’t have these challenges, it wouldn’t focus me. That determination is built through my disability.
When I reach the top of a climb, I don’t get to appreciate the view, but the feeling of achievement is extremely good.
Climbing is a way to prove my way of thinking in life — which is that I’m not disabled, I’ m blind and able.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者喜爱攀登，尽管已经失明，但他依旧追寻自己的喜爱成为了一名登山好手的故事，并呼吁人们只要勇于追寻内心所向往的事物就会成功。
8.When the author went to university, he .
A. couldn’t read the blackboard B. couldn’t figure out light and dark
C. nearly couldn’t see images D. was almost blind
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“By the time I got to the university of Bath to study Chemistry it had got to the point where I couldn’t really see images at all, only the difference between light and dark.(我到巴斯大学学习化学的时候，我已经完全看不到图像了，只有光和暗的区别)”可知，作者在上大学时几乎看不见图像。故选C项。
9.What did the author do when he couldn’t read?
A. He thought about quitting climbing. B. He learnt to adapt with others’ help.
C. He continued leading climbs. D. He went on several trips to Europe.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“When my sight dropped to a level where I could no longer read, I thought I might have to give up leading.(当我的视力下降到不能再阅读的水平时，我想我可能不得不放弃引导)”以及“I just learnt to adapt with the support of my friends.(我只是在朋友的支持下学会了适应)”可知，当作者不能阅读时，他在别人的帮助下学会了适应。故选B项。
10.What can we learn from the passage?
A. The author started climbing at the age of 11.
B. The author began ice climbing when he got his PhD.
C. The author is afraid of crossing the road.
D. The author views blindness in a positive way.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“It’s quite possible that I wouldn’t be such a good climber if I weren’t blind. If I didn’t have these challenges, it wouldn’t focus me. That determination is built through my disability.(如果我不是盲人，很可能就不会成为这么好的登山好手。如果没有这些挑战，我就无法集中精力。这种决心是通过我的残疾建立起来的)”可判断，作者能够以积极的方式看待失明。故选D项。
11.Which can best express the main idea of this passage?
A. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. B. All things are difficult before they are easy.
C. Actions speak louder than words. D. The eye is blind if the mind is absent.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第一段“Climbing is a way to prove my way of thinking in life — which is that I’m not disabled, I’ m blind and able.(攀岩是证明我的生活思维方式的一种方式——我不是残疾人，我是盲人，我是能人)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者喜爱攀登，尽管已经失明，但他依旧追寻自己的喜爱成为了一名登山好手的故事，呼吁人们只要勇于追寻自己内心所向往的事物就会成功。由此可知，Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.(心之所愿，无事不成)能最好地表达这篇文章的中心思想。故选A项。
D
(2020·黑龙江大庆实验中学高二月考)The human sense of smell is closely associated with our emotions. We use our limbic system—the part of the brain which is thought to control emotion—to connect our sense of smell to our feelings. Before people even recognize a smell, the deepest parts of the brain have already been stimulated(激发)and an emotional response has been triggered.
Research has shown that humans can react emotionally to smells that we can barely even notice. In one study at a major university in Chicago, three smells were given to thirty-one volunteers. The smells were of different concentrations, and some were so low that they were hardly detectable to the human nose. The different smells used were: a pleasant lemon scent(气味), a neutral anisole(中性苯甲醚), or an unpleasantly sweaty smelling acid. First, the volunteers were asked to press a button to show whether they had smelled anything or not. Then they were shown a picture of a face, which they had to rate for its likeability using a six-point marking system.
The results of the study showed that when people knew they had been exposed to a smell, it did not influence the way they judged the likeability of the faces. However, when they believed they had not smelled anything, but had actually been exposed to one of the scents, the ratings of face likeability changed. Exposure to very low concentrations of acid, so low that they were undetectable, tended to produce a negative response to a face. By comparison, after smelling lemon scent but again detecting no smell, participants rated faces as generally likeable. These findings support other research into sense perception(感觉), whether it is smell, sight, or hearing, which shows that subliminal(潜意识的)sensory information does affect our perceptions.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过实验证明了人类的嗅觉与情绪是相关的。
12.Which word can best replace “triggered” in Paragraph 1?
A. Stopped. B. Changed. C. Controlled. D. Started.
【答案】D
【解析】词义猜测题。这是一篇说明文，文章第一段阐述原理，第二段和第三段介绍可以证明它的试验。所以第一段最后一句与试验结果应是保持一致的。第二段第一句“Research has shown that humans can react emotionally to smells that we can barely even notice.(科学研究表明，在我们还没有注意到味道之前，我们已经对味道有了情绪反应)”描述的是实验结果，由此可推知，第一段最后一句话的意思为：甚至在人们察觉到一种味道之前，大脑中最深的部分已经被激发，情绪反应已经开始。所以空格处单词与本句中的stimulated以及下句中的react呼应。
13.What is the purpose of paragraph 2?
A. To discuss how smells are connected to emotions.
B. To explain why the research is important.
C. To describe how the study was done.
D. To report the results of the study.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。由第二段中的“In one study at a major university in Chicago, three smells were given to thirty-one volunteers… First, the volunteers were asked to press a button to show whether they had smelled anything or not. Then they were shown a picture of a face, which they had to rate for its likeability using a six-point marking system.(在芝加哥一个重要大学的一个实验中，三种气味被施与31位志愿者……首先，志愿者被要求按一个按钮来表示他们有没有闻到气味。然后让他们看一张脸部照片，给这张照片的喜爱度按1~6分的等级给分)”可知，这段主要介绍研究是如何进行的。故选C。
14.What conclusion does the author come to?
A. Pleasant and unpleasant smells have the same effect on people.
B. This study’s results agree with those of previous studies.
C. Other senses aren’t connected to perception the way smell is.
D. Scents have almost no influence on people’s emotions.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“These findings support other research into sense perception, whether it is smell, sight, or hearing, which shows that subliminal sensory information does affect our perceptions.(这些发现支持了其它对感觉的研究，无论是味道、视力还是听觉，这些研究都表明阈下知觉信息的确会影响我们的知觉)”可推知，这个研究的成果与之前那些研究的成果一致。故选B。
15.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Effects of scents on emotions B. What influences how we feel?
C. Our sensitive sense of smell D. Techniques and senses
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文。由第一段中的“The human sense of smell is closely associated with our emotions(人类对气味的感觉与我们的情绪是紧密相关的)”以及第二三段研究的过程及结论，可知，本文主要讲气味对情绪的影响。故选A。
二、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·河北高三)A favorite musical tune can fuel positive memories, boost your mood, and create a relaxing setting. 1 Here are some ways to dig into the power of music。
Having trouble staying motivated during workout? 2 Research in the November 2019 Psychology of Sport and Exercise found that upbeat music can make a workout seem less challenging and more enjoyable. In the study, people performed high-intensity interval training(HIIT). The exercisers in the music group reported enjoying their workout more than those in the slow or non-music groups.
3 But waking up to a pleasant tone instead of a sharp alarm can reduce morning sleepiness and improve efficiency, suggests a study published online Jan. 28, 2020, by PLoS One. Set your smart phone alarm to play soft, harmonic sounds or a relaxing tune. 2169 002050
Music helps to relieve stress in a medical procedure. An analysis of 72 trials involving almost 7,000 patients found that patients who listened to music before, during, and after surgery reported less pain. Earlier studies had found that listening to music during dental work lowered people’s anxiety levels. Music produces a calming effect by stimulating the brain’s pleasure region. The right choice of music also appears to be necessary. I 4 “Music that is predictable can promote feelings of control and calm,” she says.
Many studies have shown that students who listen to slow and peaceful sounds have less anxiety. According to Diaz - Falcon, these sounds provide a calming environment and block distractions in your thought process. She says, “Peaceful music is also believed to activate areas in your brain responsible for analytically thinking and creativity, as well as increasing the brain’s ability to absorb and store information.” 5
A. Try some relaxing music.
B. Turn up some music with a fast beat.
C. Music has long served as a sleep aid.
D. Professor Diaz-Falcon says music can increase your energy.
E. Try listening to such sounds the next time you face a complex task.
F. People respond best to familiar music, according to Professor Diaz-Falcon.
G. Used in specific ways, music is also a valuable tool for supporting your health.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。喜欢的音乐曲调可以激发积极的记忆，提升你的情绪，并创造一个放松的环境。文章介绍了一些发掘音乐的力量的方式。
1.【答案】G
【解析】前文“A favorite musical tune can fuel positive memories, boost your mood, and create a relaxing setting.(一首最喜欢的音乐曲调可以激发积极的记忆，提升你的情绪，并创造一个放松的环境。)”说明音乐有很多好处，选项G中有个also，也是再说音乐的好处。且下文与选项的specific ways相照应。G项“以特定的方式使用，音乐也是一个支持你的健康的宝贵的工具”符合语境，故选G。
2.【答案】B
【解析】设空处后文提到“Research in the November 2019 Psychology of Sport and Exercise found that upbeat music can make a workout seem less challenging and more enjoyable(2019年11月的运动和锻炼心理学研究发现，乐观的音乐可以让锻炼看起来不那么具有挑战性，而更令人愉快)”这里的“upbeat”与B项中的“fast beat”相对应。因此推断B项“打开一些快节奏的音乐”符合语境。故选B。
3.【答案】C
【解析】设空处为段首。且设空后方有一个转折连词but，后文“But waking up to a pleasant tone instead of a sharp alarm can reduce morning sleepiness and improve efficiency”讲到要伴随愉快的音调的音乐起床，跟睡眠有关。C项中的“a sleep aid”一致，因此推断C项“音乐长期以来都作为一种音乐辅助”符合语境。故选C。
4.【答案】F
【解析】设空处前面“The right choice of music also appears to be necessary.”提到正确的音乐选择是有必要的。所以设空与音乐的选择有关。F项“根据Professor Diaz- Falcon教授，人们对熟悉的音乐反应最好”与之相符。故选F。
5.【答案】E
【解析】本段第一句“Many studies have shown that students who listen to slow and peaceful sounds have less anxiety.”提到很多研究表明，听慢而平和的音乐的学生表现的没有那么焦虑，下文对这种音乐的作用进行解释。E项中的“such sounds”指代的是这种声音。因此推断E项“下一次你面对一个复杂的任务时，尝试听听这样的音乐”符合语境。故选E。
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(改编自2021·辽宁高三)A screen door(纱门)allows for an open view while at the same time affording a degree of privacy. 1 , communication between parents and their child away at college should have openness in expressing viewpoints but, at the same time, it should demonstrate a respect for privacy. Staying in touch with each other is important because without 2 , there is no connection and worry can take over. All involved should try to be 3 in listening to, understanding and dealing with special concerns or needs that arise whether they may be from the students, parents or friends.
For the happy student adjusting well at school, calls to home can be infrequent. This is not necessarily a cause for parents to 4 . While parents are naturally 5 about what their child is up to, the majority of students are busy getting accustomed to their new home, making new friends and 6 to new schedules and activities. The fact is that without any ill intention on purpose, they can spend little time thinking about home and they may not appreciate the degree of their parents’ 7 curiosity.
For the student who is not adjusting well at school, calls to home will probably be made more 8 . This circumstance can bring a 9 period for both parent and child. For the parents at home, it can be terribly
10 to sense their child is unhappy. It is difficult to judge how we should react to this challenge: as
11 , we want to bring our children home to the safety of our nest; in our parent-teacher role, we want to
12 the ties and allow our child the opportunity to make it on his/her own.
For the student away at school, unhappiness can be lonely and frightening and in some cases, it can lead to depression and illness. There is a sense of 13 for some homesick students who fear that Mom and Dad will
14 their inability to cope with the new environment. This is especially true when the homesick one sees classmates adjusting somewhat effortlessly. No matter what the circumstances are that have created 15 , communication between parents and children must remain open, honest and in balance.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章通过一扇门来类比父母和孩子的相处，既要彼此保持联系，又要尊重隐私，父母和孩子之间的沟通必须保持公开，诚实并维持平衡。
1. A. Relatively B. Contrarily C. Helpfully D. Similarly
【答案】D
【解析】A. relatively相对地；B. contrarily相反地；C. helpfully有益地；D. similarly同样地。根据上文“A screen door(纱门)allows for an open view while at the same time affording a degree of privacy.”可知，纱门可以允许开放的景色，同时它也提供一定程度的隐私权，这是一个类比，下文应该是：同样，父母和读大学的孩子应该敞开心扉交流，但同时，也应该尊重他们的隐私。故选D。
2. A. sacrifice B. privacy C. hesitation D. communication
【答案】D
【解析】A. sacrifice牺牲；B. privacy隐私；C. hesitation犹豫，迟疑不决；D. communication交流。根据下文“there is no connection and worry can take over.”可知，没有联系，就会产生焦虑，这是没有交流产生的结果。故选D。
3. A. sensitive B. confident C. casual D. modest
【答案】A
【解析】A. sensitive敏感的，体贴的；B. confident自信的；C. casual随意的；D. modest谦虚的。根据上文“Staying in touch with each other is important”和下文“in listening to，understanding and dealing with special concerns or needs that arise whether they may be from the students, parents or friends.”可知，保持彼此的联系是重要的，因此应该体贴地倾听、理解和处理无论是来自学生、家长还是朋友的特殊问题或出现的需求。故选A。
4. A. worry B. regret C. cheer D. wonder
【答案】A
【解析】A. worry担忧；B. regret后悔；C. cheer振奋；D. wonder疑惑。根据上文“For the happy student adjusting well at school, calls to home can be infrequent.”可知，适应学校好的快乐学生打电话回家是不常见的，由此推断这不是家长担心的起因。故选A。
5. A. uninformed B. curious C. happy D. sensible
【答案】B
【解析】A. uninformed不知情的，B. curious好奇的；C. happy高兴的；D. sensible明智的。根据下文“the majority of students are busy getting accustomed to their new home, making new friends”可知，大多数学生忙着适应他们的新家，结交新朋友时，家长们正在好奇孩子们在做什么。故选B。
6. A. attaching B. referring C. adjusting D. leading
【答案】C
【解析】根据上文的“getting accustomed to their new home, making new friends”和下文“new schedules and activities”可推断，上大学的孩子们正忙着适应他们的新家，结交新朋友，适应新的日程安排和活动。adjust to sth.适应某事。故选C。
7. A. strange B. increasing C. awakened D. normal
【答案】D
【解析】A. strange奇怪的；B. increasing增长的；C. awakened醒着的；D. normal正常的。根据上文“The fact is that without any ill intention on purpose, they can spend little time thinking about home”可推断，孩子们花很少的时间来想家，不会欣赏他们父母正常的好奇心，事实上是没有任何恶意的目的的。故选D。
8. A. formally B. frequently C. sincerely D. patiently
【答案】B
【解析】A. formally正式地；B. frequently经常地；C. sincerely真诚地；D. patiently耐心地。根据上文“For the happy student adjusting well at school, calls to home can be infrequent.”可知这里应该是用frequently，infrequent的反义词，结合“For the student who is not adjusting well at school,”可推断，不能适应学校生活的学生，打电话回家是很常见的。故选B。
9. A. disappointing B. confusing C. challenging D. training
【答案】C
【解析】A. disappointing令人失望的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. training培训的。根据下文“It is difficult to judge how we should react to this challenge”可知，这里说的是有挑战性的时期。故选C。
10. A. damaging B. disturbing C. demanding D. exhausting
【答案】B
【解析】A. damaging破坏性的；B. disturbing令人不安的；C. demanding要求高的；D. exhausting使人精疲力竭的。根据下文“to sense their child is unhappy”可推断，父母感觉到孩子不快乐会不安的。故选B。
11. A. protectors B. reminders C. inspectors D. individuals
【答案】A
【解析】A. protectors保护者；B. reminders提醒者；C. inspectors检查员；D. individuals个人。根据下文提到的“bring our children home”可知，对于孩子来说，父母应该是他们的保护者。故选A。
12. A. maintain B. establish C. restore D. cut
【答案】D
【解析】A. maintain维持；B. establish建立；C. restore恢复；D. cut切割。根据下文“allow our child the opportunity to make it on his/her own”可知，我们要切断联系，让我们的孩子有机会独立。故选D。
13. A. relief B. responsibility C. achievement D. embarrassment
【答案】D
【解析】A. relief宽慰；B. responsibility责任；C. achievement成就；D. embarrassment难堪，尴尬。结合上文“For the student away at school, unhappiness can be lonely and frightening and in some cases, it can lead to depression and illness.”可知，学生的不开心会是孤独和恐惧，在某些情况下，它会导致抑郁和疾病，由此可以推断，有些想家的学生会感到尴尬，他们担心爸爸妈妈会因为他们的无法应付新的环境而感到不安。故选D。
14. A. get bored with B. get upset with C. be ignorant of D. be honest with
【答案】B
【解析】A. get bored with因……而厌倦；B. get upset with因……感到不安；C. be ignorant of不知道；D. be honest with对……说老实话。结合“their inability to cope with the new environment”可知，学生担心爸爸妈妈会因为他们无法应付新的环境而感到不安。故选B。
15. A. opportunity B. uncertainty C. unhappiness D. nervousness
【答案】C
【解析】A. opportunity机会；B. uncertainty不确定；C. unhappiness不开心；D. nervousness紧张。根据上文“For the student away at school, unhappiness can be lonely and frightening and in some cases”可知，上文讲述了孩子的不快乐的原因，因此推断此处说的是无论造成不快乐的情况是什么，父母和孩子都必须保持公开，诚实和平衡的沟通。故选C。
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·衡水第一中学高三)Of all the events in the universe, solar eclipses may lead 1 to the greatest change in animal behavior. 2 (puzzle)animals that are active during the day head back to their night places while night animals think they’ve overslept.
When the sun, moon and the earth are 3 a straight line, there will be an eclipse, so that the moon completely blocks the sun. Around the world, when a solar eclipse occurs, 4 (usual)phenomena in animals are often reported.
Some spiders start breaking 5 (they)nets during the eclipse, just as they usually do at the end of the day. Once the solar eclipse has passed, they will start to rebuild them. 6 (similar), fish and birds, 7 are active during the day, go to their night resting places while bats come out. They seem to be tricked by 8 sudden darkness.
Once it 9 (observation)that hippos in Zimbabwe left their rivers during an eclipse, and headed towards their night 10 (feed)places on dry land. In the middle of their journey, the solar eclipse passed, daylight returned, and the hippos gave up their efforts.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。在所有的宇宙事件中，日食可能会导致动物行为的最大变化。文章介绍了日食对动物行为的影响。
1.【答案】in
【解析】考查动词短语。result in导致，故填in。句意：在所有的宇宙事件中，日食可能会导致动物行为的最大变化。
2.【答案】Puzzled
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。修饰后文名词animals应用形容词puzzled，作定语，表示“感到困惑的”。故填Puzzled。句意：白天活跃的、感到困惑的动物会回到它们晚上栖息的地方，而夜晚的动物则认为自己睡过头了。
3.【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。结合句意表示“在一条直线上”可知短语为in a straight line。故填in。句意：当太阳、月亮和地球在一条直线上时，就会发生日食，使月亮完全遮住太阳。
4.【答案】unusual
【解析】考查词形转换(反义词)。根据句意“在世界各地，当日食发生时，动物身上的异常现象经常被报道。”填unusual。
5.【答案】their
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词性物主代词)。修饰后文名词nets应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。句意：一些蜘蛛在日食期间开始破网，就像它们通常在一天结束时所做的那样。
6.【答案】Similarly
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。修饰后文整个句子应用副词similarly，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Similarly。
7.【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词fish and birds，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。句意：同样的，白天活跃的鱼类和鸟类晚上会去休息，而蝙蝠才会出来。
8.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。darkness此处特指日食造成的突然黑暗，应用定冠词the。故填the。句意：它们似乎被突如其来的黑暗所欺骗。
9.【答案】was observed
【解析】考查词性转换(动词)及其时态和语态。由时间状语Once及后文的时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时，且it作形式主语，这儿少动词，又主谓之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语动词用单数。故填was observed。
10.【答案】feeling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。动名词修饰名词表示“用途”，feeding place表示“摄食区、取食场所”。故填feeding。句意：有一次观察到津巴布韦的河马在月食时离开它们的河流，前往它们夜间进食的陆地。
五、写作
写作(一)
(2021·新人教版必修三综合练)根据下面的提示，以A Man of Independence为题写一篇短文，报道盲人小王服务社会的事迹。
1.18岁时因生病双目失明；
2.自强自立：做家务、养羊、卖羊赚钱、办广播站；
3.播放节目：农业知识、故事、音乐等；
4.结果：村民富了，村子有了变化，小王享受快乐。
注意：1.不要逐条翻译；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.词数：120左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
A Man of Independence
Xiao Wang, a man of great determination and independence, has won great respect of the villagers who are getting richer and richer.
At 18 Xiao Wang became blind as a result of a serious disease. He couldn’t but learn to do housework and began to keep sheep determining to depend on himself. Three years later he sold his sheep and earned a great amount of money. With the money he set up a broadcasting station, from which different programmes such as agriculture knowledge, stories, music and so on were broadcast. The new information he introduced has benefitted the villagers and music has enriched their life as well.
His efforts have brought great changes and development to the village and Xiao Wang is enjoying his life by working hard.
写作(二)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2020·河北高三期中)Willie Wilson would always live lite to the fullest. He was Mr. Popular at school, the star of his middle school basketball team, with dreams of going national team. At 13, his life changed. He couldn’t see the words on the blackboard clearly in class. He couldn’t read books without difficulty. Soon he hardly recognized his schoolmates in the halls.
His parents took him to the eye doctor. Willie could still slam-dunk like no one else, so they thought there was nothing serious to worry about. Maybe he just needed glasses. But it kept getting worse. By 15, he was almost completely blind.
Willie didn’t handle the situation very well. He came home drunk and picked fights at school with anyone who dared to make fun of his blindness. “I was trying to show everyone that there was nothing wrong with me,” he says. “To prove that I was still the same ‘Thrill Willie Wilson’.” That denial was blown away one Sunday when Willie heard news on TV. At 18, he gave his life to the Lord and read books in Braille, finding comfort in God’s special love for those who are weak. He went to college and was a changed man.
His progress was stopped, though. He started to lose his hearing in the same way he had lost his eyesight. By 21, he was blind and deaf. He dropped out of school, stopped education and moved back home with his parents. This time, the doctors were able to tell the cause of his symptoms-a brain tumor.
Willie’s world became doctors’ appointments, hospitals and surgeries. His spare time was spent recalling in his childhood bedroom. His friends disappeared. He challenged himself to learn American Sign Language so he could communicate with others by feeling their hands. His parents and relatives found signing difficult, though. Instead, they drew letters into his hand. Willie grew frustrated by the lack of meaningful conversation.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
His grandfather Willie Wilson, Sr., encouraged him not to lose hope. _________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
However, an organization specially designed for the disabilities helped him regain his confidence and live a positive life. _________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
His grandfather Willie Wilson, Sr., encouraged him not to lose hope. “You can’t see or hear as well as others,” he told Willie, “but you can do anything you set your mind to do.” But Willie didn’t listen to his grandfather’s words. He couldn’t even fold his own clothes or make himself a sandwich. “I just stayed in my bed,” he recalls. His faith in his dreams was fading, like the way his sight and hearing had.
However, an organization specially designed for the disabilities helped him regain his confidence and live a positive life. He moved into one of the 15 apartments at the organization. He finally found what he’d been so desperate to regain—his independence. These days, Willie is Mr. Popular once again. His signing is improving and he often talks with his friends with his sharp sense of humor. He cooks meals and does his own laundry. Willie says, “I’m able to take care of my own business. I’m living life in my own way now—Willie style!”