高中英语高考2019届高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破1第一讲动词的时态和语态随堂巩固即时提升北师大版

动词的时态和语态

 单句语法填空

1．(2018·浙江台州期末考试)We____________(reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years，but cars are still major source of them.

have reduced/have been reducing　解析：由句中的时间状语in recent years可知，应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。

2．(2018·浙江金、丽、衢十二校联考)I just graduated from West Coast University.I____________(receive) job skill training just before that, but I had never worked.

had received　解析：此处根据just before that可知，我在之前受过职业技能的培训，根据上句中的一般过去时可知，此处应用过去完成时。

3．(2018·浙江金华十校模拟)Doctors and scientists ____________(learn) a great deal about sleep in the last thirty years.

have learned　解析：根据in the last thirty years可知，本句应用现在完成时。

4．(2018·合肥第一次检测)It’s fun for amateurs to try, but to become good at it, not only years of practice but also natural talent ____________(need)．

is needed　解析：考查主谓一致和被动语态。“not only...but also...”作主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则，故此处谓语动词应用单数。natural talent与动词need之间是动宾关系，故用is needed。

5．(2018·郑州质量预测)A group of people paraded(游行) through the village, two of them dressed as a lion, going into every home to perform a song for good fortune.I ____________(attract) by this and followed the group, taking photos to share with my family.

was attracted　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。该句主语I和动词attract之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；该句叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。

6．(2018·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性考试)There are many different taboos(禁忌) around the world.A taboo is a social action that is not ____________(allow)．

allowed　解析：考查被动语态。该句是一个复合句，在that引导的定语从句中关系词that代指a social action，和动词allow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。

7．(2018·河北七所名校联考)The market，which ____________(call) Train Night Market Ratchada in English, was opened in January 2015 and has become a popular spot for locals and tourists.

is called　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。定语从句说的是现在的客观事实，应该用一般现在时；which(指代The market)与call之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。

8．(2018·浙江嘉兴基础测试)By that time，she __________(accept) by Yale University and Harvard University in the U．S.

had been accepted　解析：根据by that time可知，此处用过去完成时，she与accept之间为被动关系，故填had been accepted。

9．(2018·福建五校统考)According to a recent survey, violence did exist in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also ____________(express) their great concern about it.

expressed　解析：考查时态。and前后并列时态一致，根据句中showed可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。

10．(2018·江西南昌一模)At a young age，he__________(move) to Spain and now plays professionally for the FC Barcelona.

moved　解析：根据时间状语at a young age可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。

 单句改错

1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!

____________________

came→comes　解析：主句为一般将来时，时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来，故用comes。

2．(2016·四川卷短文改错)Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mother’s Day. We get up early in the morning.                                        __________________

get→got　解析：根据上句中的planned可知，事情发生在过去，故应用一般过去时。

3．(2018·湖北武昌区高三调研)Finally, I work harder than ever and made great progress in my math.

____________________

work→worked　解析：由后面的made可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。

4．(2018·西安九校联考)Today, at the local convenience store where I work, an elderly man with a guide dog come in.                                       __________________

come→came　解析：考查动词的时态。这里叙述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。

5．(2018·安徽师大附中高三阶段性测试)This morning，I got an email from the library. It said the book I reserved was ready to be picking up.                      ______________

picking→picked　解析：考查动词语态。根据语境可知，pick up和句子逻辑主语book构成动宾关系，故用被动语态。

6．(2018·安徽百所重点高中模拟)It’s not the people you came across in your daily life who will stand by you in time of need.                                 ___________________

came→come　解析：根据本句主要时态为一般现在时以及此处描述通常的情况可知，此处应用一般现在时。

7．(2018·山东省部分重点中学第一次调研)Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran bought a real bed.It was the first time that he have become the proud owner of a bed.               

____________________

have→had　解析：It was the first time that sb.had done sth.为固定句型。

8．(2018·洛阳统一考试)When Dad came home, he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened.

____________________

has→had　解析：考查动词时态。与asked呼应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。

9．(2018·贵阳监测)Once I went to the market with my mum for a big dinner on Saturday.When we were walking past the stalls，a loud noise was caught my attention.

____________________

删除was　解析：考查动词语态。主语a loud noise与catch之间构成主谓关系，表主动，故删除was。

10．(2018·福建福州十三中期中考试)Today I’ve got wonderful news to tell you.I had been offered a job at a company in England for my good performance.

____________________

had→have　解析：根据句意可知，指过去的动作对现在造成的结果，应用现在完成时。

 语法与写作

1．那是我第一次见到外国人。我感到很兴奋，就走上前去向他说了声“hello”。(the first time, see, foreigner, excited, go up, say “hello” to)

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答案：That was the first time that I had seen a foreigner. Feeling very excited, I went up and said “hello” to him.

2．据报道，这个城市附近将建立一个大的化工厂，许多市民强烈反对。(it is reported that, a large chemical factory, citizens, be opposed to)

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答案：It is reported that a large chemical factory will be built near the city and that many citizens are opposed to it.

3．由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。(owing, flight, delay, couple)

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答案：Owing to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.

4．明天的这个时候我们就会在一起高兴地交谈。我急不可待地想见到你。(talk together happily, can’t wait to)

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答案：We’ll be talking together happily at this time tomorrow and I can’t wait to see you.

5．近来，我一直都在为即将到来的考试做准备，我感到身心疲惫。(prepare for, exhausted, physically and mentally)

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答案：I have been preparing for the coming exams recently, and I feel exhausted physically and mentally.