高中英语高考2019届高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破9第九讲助动词情态动词和虚拟语气随堂巩固即时提升北师大版

助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气

 单句语法填空

1．(2018·江西师大附中等五校联考)It has been accepted that all the students ____________put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.

shall　解析：在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、制度，应用shall。

2．(2017·天津卷单项填空)My room is a mess, but I ____________not clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.

need　解析：由后面的“I can do it in the morning.”可知，此处表示“没必要今晚打扫”，故用need符合语意。

3．(2015·四川卷短文改错)What do you think I should do？If you ____________(be) me，would you talk to them?

were　解析： 根据语境可知，此处If引导的虚拟条件句是对现在事实的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词应用过去式。

4．(江苏卷)It was sad to me that they，so poor themselves，____________bring me food.

should　解析： 句意：让我难过的是，他们自己那么贫穷，竟然还给我带来食物。should可以表示说话人惊讶的语气，意为“竟然”。

5．(2018·四川成都七中段考)The young firefighter insisted that he ____________(be) well­prepared and should be sent there to put out the fire.

was　解析： 句意：那位年轻的消防员坚持说他准备好了，并且坚持要去那里救火。当insist意为“坚持说；坚持认为”时用陈述语气，且根据主句时态为一般过去时可知，从句也应用过去时。且此处表达的是说话时所处的一种状态，故用一般过去时。故填was。

6．(2018·安徽黄山质检)—I’m afraid I have to leave now, for you see，he is waiting for me.

—Well，if you ____________，at least wait till the heavy rain stops.

must　解析： 句意：——恐怕现在我不得不离开了，因为你知道，他在等我。——好的，如果你非得走，至少要等到大雨停了再走。根据语境可知填must，意为“偏要；非得”。

7．(2018·安徽江淮十校联考)As the deadline is drawing near, no one ____________leave with his own work uncompleted.

shall　解析： 句意：由于截止日期即将到来，不完成工作，任何人不许离开。shall用于第三人称陈述句中，表示命令、警告，符合句意。

8．(四川卷)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ____________take me to Disneyland at weekends.

would　解析： 句意：我还记得自己快乐的童年，那时，我妈妈常常在周末带我去迪斯尼乐园。此处would表示“过去常常”，指过去习惯性的动作。

9．(江西卷)When I was a child，I ____________watch TV whenever I wanted to.

could　解析： 句意：我小的时候，想什么时候看电视，就什么时候看。此处发生在过去，用情态动词could表示“能够，被允许”，相当于was allowed to。

10．(浙江卷)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation，or they __________(come) to our help.

would have come　解析： 句意：在我们进行调查的几个月里，他们在国外，否则他们会来给我们帮忙的。or意为“否则”，语境中隐含了一个条件，故本句为含蓄条件句。由上句中的were可知设空处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故主句谓语应用would have done形式。

 单句改错

1．(2018·南昌十校模拟)As a result，I suggest we are given less homework and more time for out­of­classroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.

____________________

are→be　解析：虚拟语气错误。suggest在此处表示“建议”，因此其后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋do”形式，且should可以省略。故此处应把are改为be。

2．(2018·郑州预测)He became very angry, but I dared not to tell him about the game.

____________________

删除to　解析：考查情态动词。dare既可以作情态动词又可以作实义动词。dare的过去式为dared，此处其前没有用助动词，说明dare在此用作情态动词，故后跟动词原形。

3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)I should available any time after school next week.

____________________

should后加be　解析：助动词后如果跟形容词应该加be。

4．(2016·江苏卷)Therefore，rules should worked out and strictly observed.

____________________

should后加be　解析：句意：因此，应该制定规则并严格遵守。rules和work out之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态。

5．(2018·四川成都五校联考)People neglect the fact that our parents are the dearest persons in the world, so we should nice to our parents.                    ____________________

should后加be　解析：情态动词后用动词原形，而nice为形容词，因此其前缺少be动词，故在should后加be。

6．(2018·河北“五个一”名校联盟联考)There will a lecture in our library, at 4：00 on Wednesday afternoon.                                         ____________________

will后加be　解析：情态动词后用动词原形，而a lecture为名词，因此缺少be动词，故在will后加be。

7．(2018·湖南衡阳八中模拟)It is true that no one should live without money in modern society.                                                     ____________________

should→can　解析：根据句意可知，表示“能，能够”，应用can。