2023白山高三一模英语试题含解析

2022～2023学年白山市高三一模联考试卷

英语

注意事项：

1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How will the speakers go to the beach?

A. On foot.             B. By bike.             C. By car.

2. On which day does the woman want to leave for New York?

A. 25th.             B. 26th.                 C. 28th.

3. Why didn’t Tom go to the department stores yesterday?

A. His brother got sick.

B. He went to the park.

C. He had an appointment with a friend.

4. Where is probably the man’s dog now?

A. In the garden.         B. In the park.             C. In his house.

5. What does the woman want to do?

A. Find a job        B. Sell her furniture.             C. Rent a furnished apartment.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段对话, 回答第6、7题。

6. Why does the man want to change his job?

A. He is not satisfied with his salary.

B. His coworkers aren’t kind to him.

C. The environment isn’t agreeable.

7. What will the woman do for the man?

A. Find him a new job.

B. Lend him some money.

C. Help him apply for a loan.

听第7段对话, 回答第8至10题。

8. What is the conversation mainly about?

A. The woman’s poor health.

B. The cleaning of the floor.

C. The prize for a good job.

9. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?

A. Husband and wife.         B. Doctor and patient.         C. Boss and employee.

10. What do we know about the Roomba?

A. It helps the man with his work.

B. It costs the woman nearly $400.

C. It frees users of heavy housework.

听第8段对话, 回答第11至13题。

11. Why does the woman prefer to buy an electric car?

A. Its low price.         B. Environmental protection.         C. Its powerful engine.

12. What is the man’s attitude towards the wide use of electric cars?

A. Supportive.         B. Worried.                         C. Unconcerned.

13. What does the man think this town needs to do?

A. Broaden the roads.

B. Limit the number of cars.

C. Improve public transport.

听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。

14. What are the speakers doing?

A. Attending a wedding.         B. Having a party.         C. Holding a meeting.

15. How many times did Mr. Green come to China in the past?

A. None.                     B. Once.                 C. Twice.          

16. Which of the factories aren’t mentioned in the conversation?

A. The steel and iron works.

B. The cloth factory.

C. The medicine factory.

17. When is the man going back to New York?

A. This day.     B. The day after tomorrow.     C. Tomorrow.

听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。

18. What can the students bring with them during the course?

A. Business videos.         B. Notebook computers.         C. Mobile phones.

19. Where is the Business Studies Department?

A. Next to the staff car park.

B. On the left side of the Science Center.

C. Beside the main entrance of the college.

20. What language classes are provided this summer?

A. Japanese and German.     B. French and Chinese.         C. Italian and Spanish.

第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

If you’re taking the train in Switzerland, your first stop should be the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) website. Except for a few scenic routes, SBB runs all the regional, commuter trains, and high-speed trains in the country.

Kinds

●R, RE, and IR are regional trains that are slower, cheaper, and stop at all or most stations between two major centers.

●IC or ICN (the N is for “night”) are fast trains that connect major cities but do not stop at smaller towns along the way.

●S or S-Bahn trains are frequent commuter trains that connect cities and suburbs. If you miss an S train, there’s usually another one coming soon after.

Service

The SBB website sells one-way or round-trip tickets between Swiss cities and other cities in Europe. They also sell City Tickets, including the train to that city, public transportation in the town, and a travel pass that typically allows access to several touristic sites.

Ways of buying tickets

To purchase a ticket or research schedule options, type in your point-to-point destinations first and preferred travel time. You can select the train that works best for you. Once you’ve selected your route, enter your passenger information. You’ll have the option to purchase a City Ticket. Complete your purchase with a credit card. You will be issued a voucher (票券).

Tips

Children below 16 years of age travel free. But you must pick up a Swiss Family Card before traveling. For travelers with disabilities, select “Barrier-free travel” from the pull-down menu labeled “Standard view” to see only trains that have wheelchair-accessible carriages.

Your ticket will not show a seat reservation. If you buy tickets at the SBB counter or office in the train station, you’ll have the option of reserving a seat in advance.

1. Which of the following is the feature of S-Bahn trains?

A. They run frequently. B. They are cheap and slow.

C. They stop at all cities in Europe. D. They only connect major cities.

2. What should you do first when buying a ticket?

A. Insert your credit card. B. Input your coins.

C. Input your destination. D. Choose your preferred train.

3. How can you book a seat?

A By calling SBB office to book tickets. B. By buying tickets at the SBB counter.

C. By booking tickets at SBB website. D. By paying some extra money.

B

About 15 years ago, Andrew McLindon, a businessman and cycling enthusiast, was riding his bike in Austin, Texas, when he thought about a good friend’s 12-year-old son. The boy had never known the joy of biking because he suffered from hydrocephalus, a buildup of liquid in the brain that often causes balance disturbances.

When he got home, McLindon, now 60, went online and found a three-wheel bike with a seat belt, perfect for a child with balance issues. Soon the boy was pedaling around the street with his friends, having fun and getting exercise. But there was more, as McLindon obtained from his friend’s reaction. “To see his son interacting with other kids,” McLindon says, “I’ll never forget the smile on the boy’s face.”

That smile has contributed to launching the McLindon Family Foundation. Funded by donations, the group works with children’s clinics to find children who can benefit from owning an adaptive bike and help craft each bike to the particular needs of the special child. A bike may include a headrest, a shoulder harness, a seat belt, and a caregiver’s steering and braking mechanism in the back. The bikes are expensive—$3,000 to $4,000, and that’s with the foundation’s steep producer’s discount. For kids lucky enough to get one, they’re a life changer.

“We worked with a 14-year-old girl who has spina bifida (脊柱裂),” says McLindon. “She spent most days on the couch watching TV. Soon after she got her bike, she was training for professional sports training. In a magazine interview, she said, ‘I always knew there was an athlete in me.’”

So far, the foundation has given away 450 bikes, and that’s just a start. “I do a lot of things. I run a lot of companies,” McLindon says. “But getting these kids their bikes is the most important thing that I do.”

4. Which of the following led McLindon to start the foundation?

A. His enthusiasm for cycling.

B. The joy a bike brought to a kid.

C. The proposal from his good friend.

D. His son’s suffering from a brain disease.

5. What can we learn about the bikes from the text?

A. They lack fund support.

B. They have safety issues.

C. They are very cheap and affordable.

D. They are designed for disabled kids.

6. What change did the bike bring to the 14-year-old girl?

A. She recovered physically.

B. She stopped watching TV.

C. Her athletic potential was developed.

D. Her desire to give was stimulated.

7. What is the text mainly about?

A. A bike seller. B. Life-altering cycles.

C. Mentally-disabled kids. D. An interactive platform.

C

The universe is incredibly vast. The diameter (直径) of the observable universe is estimated to be about 93 billion light years across. With just our eyes, we can generally only see a few thousand light years worth of distance though there are some objects we can see that are much further away. The farthest object we can see with our eyes is Andromeda Galaxy (仙女座星系) located 2.5 million light years away, and yet it is only visible if there is little light pollution. In order to see farther into space, we must rely on telescopes. How far can we see using the most powerful telescopes?

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) was the record holder for the farthest visible distance in space until the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in 2021. JWST is now the most powerful telescope ever built, and it is able to see the universe as it was only 200 million years after the Big Bang. That means that JWST is able to piece together an additional 300 million years of universal history compared to HST. JWST will be able to study some of the first galaxies to form after the Big Bang.

The farthest physical distance we can see is the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR). CMBR can be thought of as the echo (回声) of the Big Bang as it is the leftover radiation from the birth of the universe. The CMBR itself is the farthest possible distance humans can see as it represents the moment that the universe became transparent to light. Although light did exist before CMBR, gas and dust were simply too dense for light to cross space. CMBR formed only 380,000 years after the Big Bang, and so we are seeing the universe prior to the formation of even the first stars.

8. Why does the author mention Andromeda Galaxy?

A.

B.

C. To present the origin of the universe.

D. To stress the severity of space pollution.

E. To show the limited range of human vision.

F. To prove humans' wonderful view of space.

9. What do we know about JWST?

A. It was launched in 2022.

B. It is more advanced than HST.

C. It can see 300 million years after the Big Bang.

D. It was used to study the formation of the first galaxies.

10. What does the underlined word "dense" in the last paragraph mean?

A. Distant. B. Rare.

C. Tiny. D. Thick.

11. What is the best title for the text?

A. How Far Can Humans See In Space? B. How Will JWST Be Applied?

C. How Will Humans Explore Space? D. How Far Can JWST See?

D

In many casual discussion of language on the Internet, it’s common to hear about how “textspeak (短信语言)” is ruining language. Some people argue that technology has made us lazy about how we speak and write. Mainstream media have complained about the way in which people communicate using technology.

Of course, language does change when it’s used to text or write messages online. “Textspeak” is an evolution of language. It’s even the focus of the field of linguistics (语言学) called Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC). This field is devoted to the study of interaction facilitated by technology like computers, mobile phones and tablets. People have been complaining about language being “ruined” as long as they’ve been writing and speaking. In a talk, linguist John McWhorter shared stories of people complaining about language change through the ages. He said in AD 63, for example, a Roman scholar complained that students of Latin were writing in an “artificial language”. In fact, this writing was a new language that would become French!

Today, people are able to communicate rapidly using a wide variety of tools and technologies. Perhaps no linguistic development better indicates changes in the ways we communicate than the popular emoticon (表情符号), which can produce very clear pictures in our minds. The emoticon “:)”, for example, is a visual representation of a smiley face turned sideways. Although an emoticon may look like a smile, a frown or any number of facial expressions, it doesn’t really represent a face. Instead, it’s intended to express a feeling, such as “I’m happy” or “just joking”.

Emoticons that represent these feelings are what linguists call discourse particles. These are little pieces of language that offer information about the tone of the statement though some elders feel puzzled about it. Far from ruining language, it turns out that “textspeak” enables people to communicate complex feelings in a simple, streamlined manner. This kind of change is perfect for the modern, fast-paced world.

12. What have mainstream media complained about according to paragraph 1?

A. Communication barriers. B. The mode of communication.

C. Technological innovations. D. The laziness of modern people.

13. How does the author support the argument on language evolution?

A. By giving an example. B. By conducting an experiment.

C. By making comparisons. D. By underlying assumptions.

14. Which word can best describe emoticons?

A. Misty. B. Violent. C. Vivid. D. Mysterious.

15. What is the author’s attitude towards “textspeak”?

A. Approving. B. Tolerant. C. Unconcerned. D. Unclear.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)

阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The process by which rich land becomes desert is called desertification(沙漠化). ___16___The U. N. says up to 45 percent of Africa’s land is impacted by desertification, worse than any other continent.

Africa’s Great Green Wall is a project to build an 8000-kilometer-long forest across 11 of the continent’s countries. The project is meant to contain the growing Sahara Desert and fight climate change. ___17___They include limited political support, lack of money, weak organizational structures, and not enough consideration for the environment. Just 4 million hectares of land have been turned into forest since the work on the Great Green Wall began 15 years ago. ___18___

Launched in 2007, the project aims to plant a forest from Senegal on the Atlantic Ocean in western Africa to Eritrea, Ethiopia and Djibouti in the east. ___19___ It could also reduce levels of climate-related migration in the area and capture hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide from the air.

___20___They say some progress has been made in recent years in the east of the continent. For example, efforts in Eritrea and Sudan have resulted in nearly 140, 000 hectares of newly planted forest.

The U. N. desertification agency says the project will need to plant an average of 8. 2 million hectares yearly to reach its goal of 100 million hectares by 2030.

A. It has severe impacts on the environment.

B. That is only 4 percent of the program’s goal.

C. However, it is difficult to carry out the project.

D. But the project has been facing many problems.

E. The project would create millions of green jobs in rural Africa.

F. Despite many problems, those involved in the project remain hopeful.

G. Some countries have struggled to keep up with the demands of the project.

第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)

阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When I was young, my family had trouble with money. My parents worked at a restaurant, and I often helped them. One day, a newcomer ordered a meal, but had no money on him. He asked if he could pay another time, and asked me what my ___21___ was. Although I felt a little strange, I agreed and told him to call me “Angela”. After that, the ___22___ man was nowhere to be seen. I ___23___ everywhere and even asked everyone at the restaurant if they had seen him. My mom said I had been sitting ___24___, talking to myself, “Where can I find him?” Sometimes, she couldn’t help shouting, “Are you out of your ___25___? There was no one around you.”

That night, my mom was ___26___. She told me that my grandma had passed away and that the rent on our apartment had gone up. Choking up, she said, “I don’t know how to ___27___ the funeral expenses and the high rent.” I ___28___ her I would help pick up the odds and ends. Then I went to check our mailbox, but I found nothing.

My mom told me to check the mailbox again. I ___29___ in it and pulled out two huge envelopes. She opened one, only to find the big ___30___ for our apartment. She then walked into her room, saying she was afraid to ___31___ the other.

I looked at it and saw this: Dear Angela, Love, Your Friend. I tore it open and emptied the ___32___ onto the bed. There were some checks, all ___33___ to me. Later, I learned my strange ___34___ from the restaurant sent it. ___35___ the valuable checks, we got through the difficult time.

21. A. wish B. number C. duty D. name

22. A. ugly B. familiar C. odd D. mad

23. A. searched B. hesitated C. begged D. wandered

24. A. patiently B. calmly C. asleep D. alone

25. A. wages B. senses C. life D. way

26. A. whispering B. weeping C. waiting D. chatting

27. A. predict B. present C. afford D. announce

28. A. assured B. stroke C. forgave D. annoyed

29. A. cut B. poured C. broke D. reached

30 A. lock B. bill C. ownership D. description

31. A. make B. shut C. believe D. handle

32 A. contents B. coins C. packs D. clothes

33. A. restored B. known C. addressed D. acknowledged

34. A. staff B. manager C. customer D. relative

35. A. On account of B. Apart from C. Instead of D. In spite of

第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Huang Yifan, a student from Shandong Province, ___36___(like) observing ants and has discovered many funny secrets behind their behaviors, helping him win the gold medal in the S. -T. Yau High School Science Award, which is aimed to inspire scientific innovations for Chinese high school students all over the world. Since last August, Huang ___37___(commit) to the competition. He’ve found that ___38___ants live underground for a long time, they could still find out if other ants belong to the same nest. ___39___(test) this, Huang made a nest with about 100 ants, using materials such ___40___ test tubes and plastic bottles.

He applied blue paint to the stomach of one of the ants and put it back into the nest and observed how the rest of the ants responded. “After the ___41___(paint) ant enters the nest, ___42___ rest will attack it and stop it from entering the nest. But when the ants discover that the dyed ant comes from the same nest by using their eyes and sense of smell, they will stop attacking, ” Huang said.

With animal tracking software, cameras and other instruments, Huang designed six experiments to ___43___(far) explore the individual ants’ ability to recognize their nestmates. “Social insects like ants and bees have a strong___44___(able) to distinguish their own nest- mates, ____45____ helps to enhance the cohesion(凝聚力) within the nest,”Huang added.

第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46. 假定你是李华，你的同学汪伟上周六获得无锡市高中学生英语口语大赛第一名，并获得下个月省级决赛的资格。请你写一篇英语报道，在学校英语广播播报，内容包括：

1. 新闻内容；

2. 该同学简介；

3. 表达祝愿。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Wang Wei: First Place in the English Oral Test

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第二节(满分25分)

47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

After Justin Gordon came back from his last delivery, the kitchen was clean and empty and the lights were off. He was changing his clothes when the restaurant’s landline rang. He wasn’t supposed to answer the phone, but he was afraid it might be his boss, Mr. Kelso. So he picked up the phone and said, “Gourmet Restaurant, may I help you?” An old woman’s voice was on the other side, “I’m so glad you’re still open! I’ve just returned from a long trip and I have no food in the house. I really want to order some dinner!” Justin hesitated for a moment, then he wrote down the woman’s name and address and headed for the kitchen.

Fortunately, Justin was an excellent cook. In fact, his late father was a good chef and his dream was to become another, but he couldn’t afford to enter the Culinary Academy(烹饪学院).

The food was ready soon. He wouldn’t have time to clean up the kitchen if he was to de- liver the food quickly. So he decided to come into work early the next morning. He jumped onto his motorbike and headed for the customer’s address.

A woman in a wheelchair answered the door. “Good evening, Madam, this is a special delivery from Gourmet Restaurant. It is free of charge!” Justin said.

Early the next morning, the first thing for Justin was to clean up the kitchen.

He had nearly finished when Mr. Kelso walked in. “You’re not the chef! You’re allowed in the kitchen only if it’s to pick up deliveries!” he screamed “you acted against the rule! YOU’RE FIRED!” Justin was close to tears, but he knew that he had broken the rule. There was nothing he could say more.

Mr. Kelso was extremely angry. When he went to dinner at his mother’s that evening, he told her all about it. “Some woman phoned in an order after hours, and he left the kitchen in chaos!” he scoffed, “can you believe it?”

“Yes,” his mother said, “I phoned him, son.”

注意:

1. 续写词数应为150左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

His mother told him what happened that evening.

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Mr Kelso managed to find Justin and invite him to lunch at Gourmet Restaurant.

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听力：1~5 BAACC     6~10 ACBAC     11~15 BBCBA     16~20 BCBAC