2022-2023学年陕西省渭南市华阴市高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年陕西省渭南市华阴市高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。

华阴市第一学期期末教学质量检测
高二英语试题
注意事项：
1.本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟;
2.答卷前，考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号;
3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰;
4.考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理;试题卷不回收。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.When will the woman have a job interview?
A.At 9:00 am. B.At 10:00 am. C.At 11:00 am.
2.What food did the woman cook?
A.Japanese food. B.Thai food. C.Chinese food.
3.Why did the woman refuse to go to the cinema with Bob?
A.She didn’t like him.
B.She had quarreled with him.
C.She was too tired that day.
4.What did the woman do last Saturday?
A.She attended a meeting.
B.She stayed at home.
C.She travelled to Atlanta.
5.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A.At the railway station. B.At the cinema. C.At a restaurant.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Which part of the house did the man finish painting?
A.The front hall. B.The bedroom. C.The kitchen.
7.How many children does the man have?
A.One. B.Two. C.Three.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.Where does the woman work?
A.In a school. B.On a farm. C.In a zoo.
9.What does the woman say about the weather in summer?
A.Extremely hot. B.Cool. C.Nice.
10How many pets does the woman have?
A.2. B.3. C.5.
第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11.What does the man help the woman do?
A.Pass her some paper.
B.Have the printer fixed.
C.Put something on the bottom shelf.
12.What is Betty Applegate?
A.An accountant. B.A manager. C.An assistant.
13.How long has the man worked here?
A.About a week. B.About three months. C.About three years.
14.Why did the man leave his last job?
A.He felt stressed.
B.His salary was too low.
C.The atmosphere was too relaxed.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15.Why does the man call the woman?
A.To come on the trip.
B.To talk with Jack and Jane.
C.To change the time of the trip.
16.What will the man do tomorrow?
A.Get the air tickets.
B.Call Jack and Jane.
C.Deal with his family emergency.
17.When does the man plan to travel to Michigan?
A.Early next month. B.Next week. C.Next Sunday.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.What does Tom’s father expect him to be in the future?
A.An artist. B.A doctor. C.A teacher.
19.Where is Tom studying now?
A.In an art school. B.In a medical school. C.In a high school.
20.What does Tom think of his future?
A.It’s uncertain. B.It’s bright. C.It’s unreal.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Best Places to Visit in the UK
United Kingdom has long been a popular European tourist place for many because of its beautiful countryside, historic cities, top museums and outstanding theaters. Here are some of the best places to visit in the UK.
Cambridge
Cambridge is a beautiful English city located on the River Cam just north of London. As the home to one of the world’s top universities, the University of Cambridge, it has all of the cultural and entertainment choices you might expect from a college town.
Chester
Located on the River Dee in Cheshire, England, Chester is more than 2,000 years old, which means there is plenty of history, culture and architecture lasting several centuries. The ancient walls around the city are one of Chester’s biggest tourist attractions.
Stonehenge
One of the most famous sites in the world,Stonehenge consists of earthworks surrouding a circular setting of large standing stone in southwest England.It is also home to some of the most important Neolithic and Bronze Age finds and structures in the UK. It was not until 1600 BC that Stonehenge came to be completed.
Lake Distric
Located in northwest England, the Lake District is the second largest National Park in the UK. The main attractions are the lakes, mountains and hills. It is England’s famous destination for hiking and climbing.
1. What will you do in Cambridge?
A. Do various shopping. B. Meet famous people.
C. Visit the top university. D. Enjoy wonderful music.
2. Which destination will you choose if you want to go hiking?
A. Cambridge. B. Chester. C. Stonehenge. D. Lake district.
3. What is the purpose of the test?
A. to compare four tourist attractions in the UK
B. to encourage people to have a holiday in the UK
C. to list some of the best holiday activities in the UK
D. to recommend some tourist attractions in the UK
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。主要向读者介绍4个英国最佳的旅游胜地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“As the home to one of the world’s top universities, the University of Cambridge”作为世界顶尖大学之一，剑桥大学，所在地，可知，在剑桥游客们可以参观世界顶尖大学——剑桥大学。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It is England’s famous destination for hiking and climbing.”它是英国最著名的徒步和登山圣地，可知，喜欢徒步旅行的人可以去Lake Distric。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Here are some of the best places to visit in the UK.”下面是一些在英国可以参观的最棒的地方，可知，这篇文章的写作目的是向读者介绍一些英国最佳的旅游胜地。故选D项。
B
Physical education(体育), or PE, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students receive physical education? The answer is certainly “Yes.”
Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all, doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity(肥胖症). The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as computer games, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. PE classes act as a public health measure to encourage physical activities and help teens have healthy weights.
Not doing sports increases teens’ hazard of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be prevented by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的)performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
4. According to Paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean?
A. Making teens attach importance to exercise later.
B. Removing the stress faced by teens at school.
C. Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
D. Helping teens learn to make good plans.
5. What does the underlined word “hazard” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. happiness B. risks
C. safety D. sadness
6. According to the PCFSN, doing sports ________.
A. means making students choose between sports and studies
B. helps students make good use of all their time
C. means students adjust to their studies better
D. helps students do better in their studies
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. Why high school students should receive physical education.
B. Why some schools consider physical education important.
C. How schools can help students love doing sports.
D. How high school students can live a better life.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。主要解释了为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult. (现在教育青少年健康生活方式的重要性和制定健身计划可以帮助青少年把锻炼放在成年人的首要位置。)”可知，高中体育教育意味着让青少年重视以后的锻炼。故选A项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句前一段“PE classes act as a public health measure to encourage physical activities and help teens have healthy weights. (体育课是一种公共卫生措施，鼓励体育活动，帮助青少年保持健康的体重。)”以及划线词句后文“An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. (积极的生活方式是预防这些健康问题的好方法。)”说明体育锻炼能帮助青少年保持身体健康，预防健康问题，从而推知划线词句“Not doing sports increases teens’ hazard of developing many diseases. (不做运动会增加青少年患多种疾病的hazard。)”故猜测其中划线词汇应为“风险”的意思，选项B“风险；危险”与之意义最为接近。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic performance. (根据总统健康、运动和营养委员会(PCFSN)，每周进行五小时体育活动的学生提高了他们的学业成绩。)”可知，根据PCFSN，做运动能帮助学生在学习上做得更好。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中“But should high school students receive physical education? The answer is certainly “Yes.”(但是高中生应该接受体育教育吗？答案当然是肯定的。)”以及后文内容可知，本文主要解释了为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。故选A项。
C
Huang Danian, the well-known Chinese geophysicist, was born in 1958 in Guangxi, China. As a keen and able student, Huang went to the UK in 1993 to further his studies.
By the time Huang moved back to China in 2008, he had been living and working in the UK for 15 years. He had a good job and a life there, but he gave it all up to return to home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country. As one of the world’s leading experts in deep earth exploration technology, Huang was invited to participate in the “Thousand Talent” programme. He took up a position at Jilin University, Changchun.
Huang was named lead scientist on China’s deep earth exploration programme, developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earth’s crust(外壳) so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it. He set up an advanced lab, sometimes paying for equipment with his own money. Some described him as a “lunatic” (a “madman”), but this passion(热情) and drive enabled Huang to push forwards China’s deep earth exploration technology into a world-leading position. Huang’s devotion contributed to China’s lunar probe(月球探测器) Yutu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the spacecrafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016.
Huang's health also paid the price for his commitment to his work. He began having fainting fits(昏厥) in 2012, but paid them little attention, stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor——his work always came first. In November 2016, Huang fainted and was taken to hospital, where he was diagnosed with cancer. The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live.
Like the true scientist he was, Huang never gave up, but always tried to push forwards. Even from his hospital bed, he continued his work, writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his students. Huang died in January 2017, aged just 58. More than 800 people attended his funeral to celebrate a life that burned so bright, but was so short.
8. Huang returned to China in 2008 because ________.
A. he desired to devote himself to his motherland B. the “Thousand Talent” program attracted him
C. Jilin University offered him a top position D. he wasn’t satisfied with the life in the UK
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. China’s aerospace development. B. Huang’s working attitude and style.
C. China’s deep earth exploration technology. D. Huang’s great contributions to China.
10. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. The working environment caused Huang’s disease.
B. Huang worked continuously despite his poor health.
C. Huang was taken to hospital after he fainted in 2012.
D. A large sum of money was paid to treat Huang’s illness.
11. Which of the following can be used to describe Huang Danian?
A. Generous and honest. B. Hardworking and determined.
C. Modest and courageous. D. Passionate and patient.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国著名地球物理学家黄大年的个人信息。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"He had a good job and a life there, but gave it all up to return to home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country(他在那里有一份很好的工作和生活，但他放弃了一切回到了祖国。他的想法是他需要为他的国家做贡献。) "可知，黄大年从英国回到祖国是渴望为国家的发展贡献自己的力量。故选A项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段末句"Huang's devotion contributed to China's lunar pro:(球探测器)Yutu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the space crafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong2 in 2016.黄大年的贡献包括2013年中国的月球探测器‘玉兔'登陆月球，以及2016年神舟十一号和天宫二号飞船的发射。)并结合全段内容可知，他开发的先进相机可以穿透地壳，这样就可以在不深入地壳的情况下进行分析。他建立了一个先进的实验室，正是这种激情和动力使黄大年把中国的深地探测技术推向了世界领先的地位。所以第二段主要讲述黄大年对中国做出的巨大贡献。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“He began having fainting fits(昏厥)in 2012,but paid them little attention, stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor—— his work always came first. (在2012年他开始有晕厥发作。但很少注意，说他没有时间去看医生他的工作总是第一位的。)”及最后一段“Even from his hospital bed, he continued his work, writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his stud(闢使躺在病床上，他也继续工作，为同事们写推荐信，回答学生们的问题。) ”可知， 他虽然患病晕厥住院但仍坚持工作。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句"He had a good job and a life there, but gave it all up to return to home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country(他在那里有一份很好的工作和生活，但他放弃了一切回到了祖国。他的想法是他需要为他的国家做贡献。)和倒数第二段“He began having fainting fits昏厥)in 2012,but paid them little attention, stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor—— his work always came first. (在2012年他开始有晕厥发作。但很少注意，说他没有时间去看医生他的工作总是第一位的。)”及最后一段“Even from his hospital bed, he continued his work, writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his stud(闢使躺在病床上，他也继续工作，为同事们写推荐信，回答学生们的问题。) ”可知，黄大年意志坚定且努力工作，故选B项。

D
Oxygen. Clean air. Shade. Trees provide people with all sorts of benefits. A major one: removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air and storing it. That makes trees an important part of the fight against climate change. But they only hold onto carbon as long as they’re alive. Once they die, trees release that CO2 back into the atmosphere. This movement of carbon between forests and the atmosphere is called a carbon flux, notes Roel Brienen, a forest ecologist at the University of Leeds.
“These fluxes affect the amount of carbon a forest can store,” he explains. It’s like the way a bank account works. Forests store carbon the way a bank account stores money. If you spend more than you make, your bank account will shrink. And it will grow if you put more money into the account than you take out. Which direction a forest’s “carbon account ” goes has a huge influence on climate.
Recent studies have found that trees around the world are growing faster than ever. Rising atmospheric CO2 is probably driving that rapid growth, Brienen says. High levels of this gas are boosting temperatures, which speed tree growth. Brienen also found that fast-growing tree species, in general, live shorter lives. That quickens their release of carbon back into the air which is disappointing news for global warming. Brienen then examined what factors might influence tree growth, including rainfall, soil type and how crowded a forest was. None was linked to early tree death.
Levels of carbon in our forests could return to those from before the increases in growth, Brienen says. That does not mean planting trees won’t help fight climate change, but which trees are used could have a big impact. A forest of mostly fast-growing trees would store less carbon over the long term. It would therefore have less value for carbon storage projects.
“We must understand, however, that the only way to bring down CO2 levels is to stop emitting (排放)it into the atmosphere,” says Brienen.
12. How does the author explain “a carbon flux”?
A. By giving examples. B. By making a comparison.
C. By describing the process. D. By analyzing cause and effect.
13. What may speed tree growth according to Brienen?
A. An increase in CO2 levels. B. Crowdedness of a forest.
C. Rich carbon in the soil. D. The long rainy season.
14. What should carbon storage projects do?
A. Plant as many trees as possible.
B. Remove dead trees from forests.
C. Plant trees with a long growth cycle.
D. Ban the emission of gases into the atmosphere.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Fast-growing trees may add to climate crisis
B. Climate change is cutting the number of trees
C Is planting trees the answer to climate change?
D. What are the best carbon-trapping trees to plant?
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致树木生长加快，但同时也会缩短它们的寿命，而树木死后它们吸收的二氧化碳又会重新释放到大气中。从长远来看，这不利于对抗气候变化。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段中的“This movement of carbon between forests and the atmosphere is called a carbon flux(这种碳在森林和大气之间的移动被称为碳通量)”提出了碳通量的概念，第二段将这一概念与银行账户作比较，进一步解释了何为碳通量。其中的“It’s like the way a bank account works(这就像一个银行账户的工作方式)”和“Forests store carbon the way a bank account stores money(森林就像银行账户储存钱一样储存碳)”表明，作者是通过比较的方法来解释碳通量这概念的。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Rising atmospheric CO2 is probably driving that rapid growth, Brienen says. High levels of this gas are boosting temperatures, which speed tree growth. (布里嫩说，大气中不断上升的二氧化碳可能是导致这种快速增长的原因。高浓度的这种气体会提高温度，加速树木的生长)”可知，大气中不断上升的二氧化碳含量使温度升高，从而加速了树木的生长。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“A forest of mostly fast-growing trees would store less carbon over the long term. It would therefore have less value for carbon storage projects.(从长期来看，以快速生长的树木为主的森林会储存较少的碳。因此，它对碳储存项目的价值就会降低)”可知，森林中多为生长迅速的树木，从长远来看，碳的储存量会减少，这不利于应对气候变化，因此快速生长的树木对于碳存储项目没有很大作用。由此可知，碳存储项目应多种植生长缓慢，即生长周期较长的树木。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“A forest of mostly fast-growing trees would store less carbon over the long term. It would therefore have less value for carbon storage projects.(从长期来看，以快速生长的树木为主的森林会储存较少的碳。因此，它对碳储存项目的价值就会降低)”可知，本文主要介绍了生长过快的树木会导致它们很快将吸收的二氧化碳重新释放到空气中去，不利于对抗气候变化，故A项Fast-growing trees may add to climate crisis(速生树木可能加剧气候危机)作标题最为恰当。故选A项。
【点睛】通读文章了解主要内容揣摩中心思想，认真通读所有题目理解题意，抓住关键词，再带着问题及关键词仔细地阅读有关内容，认真地思考组织答案。比如本篇第3题关键词为carbon storage projects(碳储存项目)，带着关键词，找到相关信息在倒数第二段最后。阅读此句，可知生长过快的树木会导致它们很快将吸收的二氧化碳重新释放到空气中去，不利于对抗气候变化，故此题选择C项。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Art Literacy Makes the Beauty of Life
Located in the western part of Jiangxi, Yichun is well-known for its art atmosphere. In a way, art, in different forms, gradually opens local students’ eyes to a wider range of beauty, which fosters (培养) their art literacy.___16___ .
The art museum plays an important role in developing students’ art literacy.___17___. The events are different, such as New Year’s Day special and National Day special. During these activities, students can learn many kinds of simple art skills, making many new friends and having a nice time. Besides, students can have wonderful opportunities to admire meaningful and colorful art works.
Establishing a closer cooperation relationship between museums and schools is the main concern of the art museum. The staff go to the local schools on a regular basis to help promote art education.___18___, improving the students’ fulfillment ability as well as their culture art manners.
___19___. Many excellent volunteers are enthusiastic about the spread of art in the free time, such as guiding for art exhibitions and finding smart ways to spread art effectively.
Thoughts lead to action and art communication is an important branch of art studies. The popularity of art makes culture much easier to enter people’s life. Thanks to Yichun Art Museum, we can get close to great works of art and it brings pretty enjoyment of art for us. What’s more, the art literacy helps us explore and discover the beauty of nature and enjoy the beauty of life.___20___, welcome to join us.
A. If you are interested in art
B. The museum housing masterpieces is well worth a visit
C. Yichun Art Museum here is a treasure we should pay attention to
D. The art museum attracts volunteers of all ages from all walks of life
E. The students benefit a lot from the delicate works of art on exhibition
F. It often holds public education events, especially on holidays and vacations
G. It is one of the great methods to foster art emotions
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术素养造就生活之美。
【16题详解】
上文“In a way, art, in different forms, gradually opens local students’ eyes to a wider range of beauty, which fosters (培养) their art literacy.(在某种程度上，不同形式的艺术逐渐开阔了当地学生的视野，让他们看到更广泛的美，这培养了他们的艺术素养)”说明不同的艺术形式可以培养学生的艺术素养，以及下文“The art museum plays an important role in developing students’ art literacy.(美术馆在培养学生的艺术素养方面发挥着重要作用)”说明美术馆在培养学生的艺术素养方面发挥重要作用。由此可知，C项“这里的宜春美术馆是我们应该关注的宝藏”承上启下，符合题意，其中Yichun Art Museum是关键词。故选C。
【17题详解】
下文“The events are different, such as New Year’s Day special and National Day special.(这些活动是不同的，如元旦特别活动和国庆特别活动)”举例说明美术馆开展的教育活动。由此可知，F项“它经常举办公共教育活动，特别是在节假日”引出下文，符合题意，F项中It指代“美术馆”。故选F。
【18题详解】
上文“The staff go to the local schools on a regular basis to help promote art education.(工作人员定期前往当地学校，帮助促进艺术教育)”说明工作人员帮助学生培养艺术素养的方式。由此可知，G项“这是培养艺术情感的好方法之一”承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
【19题详解】
下文“Many excellent volunteers are enthusiastic about the spread of art in the free time, such as guiding for art exhibitions and finding smart ways to spread art effectively.(许多优秀的志愿者都热衷于在空闲时间传播艺术，例如指导艺术展览，寻找有效传播艺术的聪明方法)”说明许多优秀的志愿者热衷于传播艺术。由此可知，D项“美术馆吸引了来自各行各业的各个年龄段的志愿者”引出下文，符合题意，其中volunteers是关键词。故选D。
【20题详解】
下文“welcome to join us.(欢迎加入我们)”说明欢迎加入到欣赏艺术的行列中。由此可知，A项“如果你对艺术感兴趣”作为条件状语从句，引出下文的主句内容，符合题意。故选A。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
I went with some partners from my office for dinner in a very popular local restaurant. It was ____21____ business time and the restaurant was crowded(拥挤的). We____22____found a table in a corner for three of us.
As soon as we sat down, we heard a crash(碰撞声) when a cleaning boy ____23____ the floor with all the plates he was carrying. There was ____24____  and no one was saying or doing anything.
In a flash (马上) I remembered my ____25____ many years ago. At one time, I ____26____when I was on business. I had a high fever but luckily was taken care of by two ____27____ . Then this was my chance to ____28____ it forward.
I ran to the boy's side ____29____ , turned him on his back and screamed for someone to _____30_____ a hot drink. Soon people started asking if I was a(n)_____31_____ . I said I was not, but I actually had learned some first-aid lessons.
The boy soon opened his eyes, _____32_____ what had happened. And so I _____33_____ him by saying it was OK. He had not eaten anything. I held the warm drink to his mouth till he _____34_____ it and sat with him until he felt OK. By then the _____35_____ had arrived. I asked her to give the boy something to eat. I offered to pay. The manager was kind enough to _____36_____ the payment and agreed to make sure the boy ate before he went home. By the time all this was over, it was getting _____37_____ for my partners. We hadn't _____38_____ anything yet, so we decided to go home.
I slowly walked home, not hungry any more, feeling _____39_____for the opportunity I paid forward the _____40_____ I had received many years ago.
21. A. busy B. local C. spare D. regular
22. A. actually B. finally C. usually D. gradually
23. A. kicked B. touched C. hit D. swept
24. A. silence B. danger C. doubt D. control
25. A. adventure B. fight C. experience D. lesson
26. A. passed out B. fell asleep C. fell behind D. fell ill
27. A. friends B. strangers C. partners D. relatives
28. A. pay B. return C. take D. put
29. A. slowly B. immediately C. sadly D. excitedly
30. A. select B. invent C. remove D. bring
31. A. professor B. teacher C. actor D. doctor
32. A. knowing B. wondering C. ignoring D. arguing
33. A. reminded B. comforted C. answered D. encouraged
34. A. spotted B. checked C. noticed D. finished
35. A. customer B. manager C. waitress D. parent
36. A. refuse B. accept C. choose D. permit
37. A. better B. boring C. late D. difficult
38. A. prepared B. required C. received D. ordered
39. A. ready B. angry C. grateful D. relaxed
40. A. kindness B. honor C. harm D. service
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者和朋友去餐厅吃饭的时候，突然打扫卫生的男孩摔倒在地，作者立刻提供帮助。因为之前作者不幸晕倒的时候，也有陌生人提供了帮助，作者通过帮助男孩把这份善良继续传递下去。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是营业时间，餐厅里挤满了人。A. busy忙碌的； B. local当地的；C. spare空闲的；D. regular有规律的。根据“the restaurant was crowded(拥挤的)”可知餐厅里非常拥挤，说明那是用餐的高峰期。故A项正确。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们终于在一个角落里为我们三个人找到了一张桌子。A. actually实际上；B. finally最终；C. usually通常；D. gradually逐渐地。根据上文“It was ____1____ business time and the restaurant was crowded(拥挤的).”可知，作者和同事去吃饭的时候正是用餐高峰期，饭店里非常拥挤，最终他们在角落里找到了吃饭的桌子。故B项正确。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一坐好，就听见一声巨响，端着盘子的打扫卫生的男孩撞到了地板。A. kicked踢；B. touched触摸；C. hit撞击，击中；D. swept清扫。由上句“we heard a crash”可知，他们听到了撞击声，说明打扫卫生的男孩是撞到了地上。故C项正确。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一片寂静，没有人在说或做任何事。A. silence安静；B. danger危险；C. doubt怀疑；D. control控制。由下句“no one was saying or doing anything.”可知，没有人在说或做任何事情，说明非常安静（silence）。故A项正确。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一瞬间，我想起了多年前我的经历。A. adventure探险；B. flight航班；C. experience经历；D. lesson 教训。根据下文“At one time, I ____6____when I was on business…”可知，那是作者之前的一次经历。故C项正确。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：曾经，出差的时候，我在机场生病了。A. passed out晕倒；B. fell asleep入睡；C. fell behind落后；D. fell ill生病。根据下文“I had a high fever but luckily was taken care of by two ____7____ .”可知，作者发高烧，在机场病倒了。故D项正确。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发高烧，但是幸运地被两个陌生人照顾。A. friends朋友；B. strangers陌生人；C. partners伙伴； D. relatives亲戚。根据“luckily”和下文作者想帮助这位陌生的打扫卫生的男孩，想把这份善良传递下去，可推断作者之前也受到陌生人的帮助。故B项正确。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么这就是我要把爱心传递下去的机会。 A. pay偿还；B. return返回；C. take带走；D. put放置。根据下文“I ran to the boy's side ____9____ , turned him on his back”和上文作者受到陌生人的帮助可推断，这次作者想帮助这位陌生的打扫卫生的男孩，是因为之前受到陌生人的帮助，想把这份爱心传递下去。pay it forward“爱心传递”。故A项正确。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻跑到那个男孩的身边，让他平躺着，大叫着要人给带一杯热饮。A.slowly慢慢地；B.immediately立即；C.sadly悲伤地；D.excitedly激动地。根据下文“turned him on his back and screamed for someone to ____10____ a hot drink”和常理推断，作者要帮助这位摔倒的男孩，因此应该是立即快速地行动。故B项正确。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻跑到那个男孩的身边，让他平躺着，大叫着要人给带一杯热饮。A.select选择；B.invent发明；C. remove清除；移开；D. bring带来；拿来。由下文“I held the warm drink to his mouth”可知，作者让人给男孩拿来一杯热饮。使用bring表示从远处把物品拿到近处，表示让人给这个男孩拿来一杯热饮。故D项正确。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快有人问是否我是医生。A. professor教授；B.teacher教师；C. actor演员；D. doctor医生。由下文“I said I was not, but I actually had learned some first-aid lessons.”可知，有人问作者是否是医生，作者说不是医生，但确实学到了一些急救课程。故D项正确。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快男孩睁开眼睛，想知道发生什么事情。A. knowing知道，了解；B. wondering想知道；C. ignoring忽视；D. arguing争论。由“what had happened.”可知，孩子很快睁开眼睛，想知道发生了什么事。故B项正确。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我安慰他说，一切都好。A. reminded提醒；B. comforted安慰；C. answered回答；D. encouraged鼓励。由下句“by saying it was OK”可知，作者在安慰（comfort）男孩没事。故B项正确。
34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把热饮送到他的嘴里，直到他吃完为止，和他坐在一起，直到他感觉好些。A. spotted发现；B. checked检查；C. noticed注意；D. finished完成。由前文“I held the warm drink to his mouth till”和下文的“sat with him until he felt OK可推断，作者给男孩喝完热饮，与他待在一起，直到他感觉还好。故D项正确。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，经理已经到了。A. customer顾客；B. manager经理；C. waitress女服务员；D. parent父母之一。根据下文“The manager was kind enough to ____16____ the payment and agreed to make sure the boy ate before he went home.”可知，饭店的经理来了。故B项正确。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经理很好心地拒绝了付款，并同意在他回家之前确保孩子吃了饭。A. refuse拒绝；B. accept接受；C. choose选择；D. permit允许。由上文“I asked her to give the boy something to eat. I offered to pay. The manager was kind enough”可推断，经理过来以后作者让她拿东西给男孩吃，由作者付钱，但是经理很好心地拒绝作者付钱。故A项正确。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到所有事情结束为止，对我的同事们来说时间有点晚了。A. better更好的； B. boring枯燥的；C. late晚的；迟的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文“so we decided to go home.”可知，一切结束以后，时间有点晚了。故C项正确。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还没有点任何饭菜，因此我们决定回家。A. prepared 准备；B. required要求要；C. received 收到；D. ordered点菜。由下文“so we decided to go home.”可推断，时间有点晚了，他们没有点菜，因此决定回家。故D项正确。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我慢慢地走回家，不再饿了，对这个机会心存感激，我为我多年前收到的善意做出了回报。A. ready准备的；B. angry生气的；C. grateful感激的；D. relaxed放松的。由下文“ I pay forward the ___ I had received many years ago.”并结合上文的讲述的内容可知，作者感激有机会能把多年前收到的善意传递下去。故C项正确。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. kindness 善意；B. honor荣誉；C. harm危害；D. service服务。根据上文讲述的故事可知，作者晕倒的时候得到别人的帮助，现在作者有机会帮助他人，把这份善意传递下去。故A项正确。
第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, much of the world’s ocean is still a mystery.
So far, only 5 percent of it ___41___(explore). In fact, we know more about some areas of Mars than that of the world’s ocean.
However, 6___42___is new technology that is helping scientists explore these hidden worlds. For example, scientists are using an underwater vehicle ___43___(call) DeepSee to explore seamounts-underwater mountains. Scientists have used DeepSee to study Las Gemelas. There are a huge variety of species ___44___(live) around Las Gemelas. Some of these species may have chemicals ___45___can help people fight illnesses.
___46___deepest location of the earth is the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. The ocean floor there is about 11,000 meters deep. In 2012, filmmaker and explorer James Cameron ___47___(reach) the Mariana Trench in a vehicle called Deepsee Challenger. He was the first ___48___(complete) the journey alone. Cameron took___49___(photo) and made videos on the ocean floor.
Deep-sea exploration also helps us in other ways. For example, we are learning how underwater earthquakes cause tsunamis(海啸). As Cameron says, “This is the beginning of___50___(open) up a new frontier.”
【答案】41. has been explored
42. it 43. called
44. living 45. that##which
46. The 47. reached
48. to complete
49. photos 50. opening
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是世界上的大部分海洋仍然是个谜，新技术正在帮助科学家探索这些隐藏的世界。
【41题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，只有百分之五的地方被探索过。句子主语是Only 5 percent of it，单数第三人称，和谓语动词explore之间是被动关系，再根据so far“到目前为止”，可知句子用现在完成时态的被动语态，故填has been explored。
【42题详解】
考查强调句。句意：然而，正是新技术帮助科学家探索这些隐秘的世界。去掉设空处以及is和that句子依然完整，故此处考查强调句：it is/was+强调部分+that（强调人可用who）+其他。故填it。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，科学家正在使用一种名为DeepSee的水下飞行器来探索海底山脉。句中已有谓语动词are using且无连词，故空处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语vehicle和call之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填called。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Las Gemelas周围生活着各种各样的物种。空处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语species和live之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填living。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些物种中的一些可能含有能够帮助人们对抗疾病的化学物质。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是chemicals，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that/which引导从句。故填that/which。
【46题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：地球最深的地方是太平洋的马里亚纳海沟。根据最高级deepest可知，此处应填定冠词the。故填The。
【47题详解】
考查时态。句意：2012年，电影制作人兼探险家詹姆斯·卡梅隆驾驶一辆名为Deepsee Challenger的车到达了马里亚纳海沟。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2021判断为一般过去时。故填reached。
【48题详解】
考查不定式。句意：他是第一个独自完成旅程的人。当名词被序数词修饰，或本身就是序数词时，通常用不定式作后置定语。故填to complete。
49题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：卡梅隆在海底拍摄了照片和视频。take photos“拍照”是固定短语。故填photos。
【50题详解】
考查动名词。句意：正如卡梅伦所说，“这是开辟新领域的开始。”位于介词of后应填动名词作宾语。故填opening。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Annabelle and Alyssa are twin sister, and people can hard tell them apart. Annabelle successfully entered famous American technology company after graduation. Because of her outstanding achievements she got it from the company, soon she was promoted to a senior management position in the company. Alyssa enjoyed see movies as a child and she became a director when he grew up. A decade ago, she decides to shoot a TV series featuring a fair and honest judge. Where in trouble, she asked for professional legal advice. The series are scheduled for release in August this year. All of them have succeeded in their respective careers, and their parents are proud of them.
【答案】1.sister→sisters
2.hard→ hardly 
3.famous前加a
4.去掉it
5.see→seeing
6.he→she 
7.decides→decided
8.Where→When/Whenever 
9.are→is
10.All→Both
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述安娜贝利和艾丽莎这对孪生姐妹在各自领域成功的故事。
【详解】1.考查名词的数。句意：安娜贝利和艾丽莎是孪生姐妹，人们几乎不能把她们分开。根据句中twin双胞胎可知，下文的sister要使用复数形式。故将sister改为sisiters。
2.考查副词。句意：安娜贝利和艾丽莎是孪生姐妹，人们几乎不能把她们分开。结合句意可知，这里使用副词hardly，表示“几乎不”之意。故将hard改为hardly。
3.考查冠词。句意：安娜贝利毕业后成功进入美国一家著名的科技公司。名词company为可数名词，泛指。且famous发音以辅音音素开头。故在famous前加a。
4.考查定语从句。句意：由于她的杰出的成就加上非凡的能力，她很快被提升为公司的高级管理职位。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，句中先行词为achievements，在定语从句中作动词got的宾语，所以省略关系代词which或that引导，所以代词it多余。故去掉it。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：艾莉莎小时候喜欢看电影，长大后当了导演。短语enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某件事。故see改为seeing。
6.考查代词。句意：艾莉莎小时候喜欢看电影，长大后当了导演。结合句子可知，此处代词指代的是上文的Alyssa，女孩，使用代词she。故将he改为she。
7.考查时态。句意：十年前，她决定拍摄一部电视连续剧，剧中有一位公正诚实法官。根据时间状语A decade ago可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故将decides改为decided。
8.考查连词。句意：当遇到麻烦时，她寻求专业的法律意见。结合句意可知，本句使用时间状语从句的省略，当她遇到麻烦时，符合句意。故将Where改为When/Whenever。
9.考查主谓一致。句意：这部电视剧将于今年8月发行。句中series电视剧为单数，谓语动词要使用单数形式。故将are改为is。
10.考查不定代词。句意：她们两人在各自的职业生涯中都取得了成功，他们的父母为他们感到骄傲。根据上下文及句意可知，这里的她们指代的是双胞胎姐妹两人，表示两者都要用both。故将All改为Both。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假设你是某中学的学生李华，最近参加了学校的“低碳生活社”。现在请根据社团有关章程，用英语写一封电子邮件给你的美国好友Jack，介绍你们社团及其活动情况。提示：
社团名称
低碳生活社
社团宗旨
低碳生活，从我做起
成员义务
衣：衣着朴素，收集旧衣赠灾区人民
食：在饭堂吃饭时按量取食，吃天然或简单包装食品
住：少用空调，使用节能灯，循环用水、纸张等
行：步行、骑自行车或使用公共交通工具
玩：选择能源消耗少的娱乐，如爬山、游泳、打球等
注意：1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2.词数不少于100(开头已给出，但不计入总词数)。
Dear Jack,
How have you been? I’m glad to tell you that I have recently joined the “Low-carbon Living Club” in our school.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Truly,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
How have you been? I’m glad to tell you that I have recently joined the “Low-carbon Living Club” in our school. Now let me tell you something about it.
With the spirit of “Low-carbon living starts from me”, we encourage our club members to wear plain clothes and donate the unneeded used ones to people in disaster-stricken areas. We advocate taking no more than what we need in the canteen and choosing natural or simply-packed food. As club members, we try to limit the use of air conditioners, use energy-saving lights and recycle used water and paper. What’s more, we are expected to walk, cycle or take public transportation as much as possible, which are very effective and environmentally friendly. Last but not least, in our spare time, we choose to climb mountains, swim or do other outdoor sports instead of taking the entertainment that consumes a great deal of energy.
I am taking great delight in doing these and I am firmly convinced that if everybody can follow these, we will make world a better place.
Truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据“低碳生活社”的有关章程，用英语写一封电子邮件给美国好友Jack，介绍社团宗旨，社团名称和成员义务三个方面的基本情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
鼓励：encourage → inspire
此外：what’s more → in addition
期望：expect → anticipate
许多：a great deal of → a large quantity of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the spirit of “Low-carbon living starts from me”, we encourage our club members to wear plain clothes and donate the unneeded used ones to people in disaster-stricken areas.
拓展句：Because our club’s spirit is “Low-carbon living starts from me”, we encourage our club members to wear plain clothes and donate the unneeded used ones to people in disaster-stricken areas.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am taking great delight in doing these and I am firmly convinced that if everybody can follow these, we will make world a better place. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】What’s more, we are expected to walk, cycle or take public transportation as much as possible, which are very effective and environmentally friendly. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
听力答案:1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. C16. C 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. A