2022-2023学年北京市顺义区第一中学高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年北京市顺义区第一中学高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

顺义一中2022-2023学年度第一学期高一年级期中考试
英语试卷
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题, 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
In 2020, 13-year-old Adcola Olagbegi caught a rare illness, and had a successful operation. ____1____, Adeola is now out of hospital. While he was recovering, he found out that he was qualified for a(n) ____2____ to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation. While many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favourite figure, Adcola ____3____ chose to feed the homeless.
The Make-A-Wish Foundation is famous for brightening the lives of children ____4____ illnesses by realizing their wishes. A wish always includes having something or going somewhere. However, Adcola’s wish to give came as a ____5____ to the organization, as Adcola’s generous wish was the first of its kind in the organization’s 35-year history.
“When he so easily offers to help others, you just have to say, that’s a(n)kind young man,” said Linda, an official of the organization. She was ____6____ with the teen’s kindness and sense of ____7____.
Adcola thinks his past experiences volunteering with his family in their community are what ____8____ him to make the giving wish. When deciding what to do with the unexpected chance, the one thing that was the most important to him was that his wish had a long-lasting ____9____.
“My mum always says it’s lucky to be someone _____10_____, so I just wanted to do something for other people to make it last longer,” Adcola explained.
1. A. Hopefully B. Naturally C. Frankly D. Thankfully
2. A. opportunity B. interview C. goal D. promise
3. A. anyway B. therefore C. instead D. moreover
4. A. taking on B. suffering from C. looking through D. getting off
5. A. pleasure B. success C. disappointment D. surprise
6. A. confused B. affected C. impressed D. strict
7. A. honour B. humour C. relief D. responsibility
8. A. inspire B. force C. permit D. remind
9. A. memory B. faith C. impact D. appreciation
10. A. professional B. helpful C. powerful D. amazing
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了13岁的Adcola Olagbegi在病愈之后获得了一个向“愿望成真基金会”许愿的机会，他没有为自己许愿，而是希望能帮助无家可归的人。
【1题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：2020年，13岁的Adcola Olagbegi患了一种罕见的疾病，并成功地做了手术。谢天谢地，阿黛拉现在出院了。A. Hopefully有希望地，有前途地；B. Naturally 自然地，天然地；C. Frankly坦率地，直率地；D. Thankfully感谢地；根据前面的caught a rare illness可知，这里是说Adcola Olagbegi很幸运的治疗成功并出院了。故选D项。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他在恢复的时候，他发现他有资格获得一个机会向许愿基金会请求一个梦想的愿望。A. opportunity机会；B. interview采访，面试；C. goal目标；D. promise承诺。根据后文的to ask for a dream wish可知这里是说有许愿的机会。故选A项。
【3题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当许多青少年选择去迪士尼旅行或见到最喜欢的人物时，Adcola却选择了给无家可归的人提供食物。A. anyway不管怎样，无论如何；B. therefore因此；C. instead代替，顶替，反而；D. moreover此外，而且。根据前文的many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favourite figure可知，这里是说Adcola的愿望和他们都不一样，表示一种转折。故选C项。
【4题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：梦想成真基金会以实现患有疾病的儿童的愿望而闻名于世。A. taking on承担；呈现；B. suffering from忍受，遭受；患……病；C. looking through浏览，温习；D. getting off下车；根据后面的illnesses可知这里是说患病的儿童。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Adcola的愿望给该组织带来了一个惊喜，因为Adcola的慷慨愿望是该组织35年历史上的第一次。A. pleasure 快乐；B. success 成功，胜利；C. disappointment失望，沮丧；D. surprise意外之事；惊奇，惊讶。根据后文as Adcola’s generous wish was the first of its kind in the organization’s 35-year history可知，这个愿望是35年来的第一次，所以对于该组织来说是一个惊喜。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对这个青少年的善良和责任感印象深刻。A. confused困惑的，糊涂的；B. affected 做作的，不自然的；C. impressed 钦佩的，印象深刻的；D. strict要求严格的，严厉的。根据前文“When he so easily offers to help others, you just have to say, that’s a(n)kind young man,” said Linda, an official of the organization.可知，Linda对于这个青少年印象深刻。故选C项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对这个青少年的善良和责任感印象深刻。A. honour尊敬；荣幸； B. humour幽默，幽默感；C. relief 宽慰，轻松；D. responsibility . 责任，负责。根据前文Adcola instead chose to feed the homeless可知，这里是说Adcola选择去帮助无家可归的人的行为是很有责任感的行为。故选D项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adcola认为他过去和家人在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他许愿的原因。A. inspire 激励，鼓舞；B. force强迫；C. permit批准，许可；D. remind提醒，使想起。根据前文his past experiences volunteering with his family in their community可知这里是说他过去的经历激励他做这个帮助别人的决定。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在决定如何处理这个意外的机会时，对他来说最重要的一件事是他的愿望有一个持久的影响。A. memory记忆力，记性；B. faith信任，信心，信念；C. impact巨大影响，强大作用；D. appreciation欣赏，鉴赏；感激，感谢。根据后文so I just wanted to do something for other people to make it last longer可知这里是说Adcola希望他的愿望有更长远的影响。故选C项。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Adcola解释说:“我妈妈总是说，成为有帮助的人是幸运的，所以我只是想为别人做点什么，让它持续得更久。”A. professional职业的，专业的；B. helpful有帮助的，有用的；C. powerful强大的，有影响力的；D. amazing惊人的，了不起的。根据上文理解，Adcola帮助无家可归的人是想成为有帮助的人。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题, 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mrs. Bailey was important in the educational journey that carried me through school and into my profession. Until I joined her class, I hadn’t believed in my ability as a writer. She successfully advised me ___11___ (join) the poetry society and lit in me a fire for literature. She recognized ___12___(I) potential(潜力) and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. Because of the confidence she inspired in me, I’ve carved out a ___13___(success) profession as a journalist.
【答案】11. to join
12. my 13. successful
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者主要讲述Bailey夫人在自己的求学之旅中的重要作用，使作者最终成为了一个成功的记者。
【11题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：她成功地劝我加入了诗社，在我心中点燃了文学之火。advise sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“建议某人做某事”，用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to join。
【12题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：她发现了我的潜力，并向我展示了我可以带着创造力和热情写作。此处应用形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰名词potential。故填my。
【13题详解】
考查形容词。句意：因为她激发了我对她的信心，我成为了一个成功的记者。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词profession，successful“成功的”，形容词。故填successful。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I love my campus very much. It has a lot of buildings traditional in Chinese style but modern in equipment. Having classes in them always ___14___ (make) me feel excited with the busy world and relaxed about the long history of our nation. Out of the houses are beautiful gardens ___15___ (surround) by trees. In the morning we read aloud by the lake or behind the hill. The air is so fresh and sweet that very often I think how ___16___ (luck) I am to study in such a beautiful campus.
【答案】14. makes
15. surrounded
16. lucky
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者在文章中介绍和赞美了自己的母校。
【14题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：在里面上课总是让我对繁忙的世界感到兴奋和对我们国家的悠久历史感到放松。分析句子结构可知make作句子的谓语，主语为动名词Having classes(上课)，根据主谓一致原则，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，根据状语“always(总是) ”以及句子内容在陈述客观事实可知，时态为一般现在时。故填makes。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：房子外面是美丽的花园，周围都是树。根据句子中使用了系动词are可知，surround在句子中作非谓语动词，根据介词by和句意可知，surround与逻辑主语gardens(花园)之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词，表示被动，作gardens的后置定语。故填surrounded。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：空气是如此的新鲜和甜蜜，我经常想我是多么幸运能在这样一个美丽的校园学习。根据“I am”可知，需要使用形容词作表语，luck(幸运)的形容词为lucky。故填lucky。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
If you have been fishing, you know how hard it is to catch a really big fish. One reason is that it is difficult to find the exact position of the fish. The other reason is that big fish won’t just jump in the boat once they ____17____ (locate). Years ago, a man named Alf Dean ____18____ (overcome) both difficulties. Dean went fishing off the coast of South Australia. He pulled in a great white shark that weighed 2,664 pounds and measured over sixteen feet in length. That is ____19____ (big) fish ever caught by a single person.
【答案】17. are located
18. overcame
19. the biggest
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。抓到一条非常大的鱼是很难的，但是多年前，一个名叫阿尔夫·迪恩的人抓到了迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼。
【17题详解】
考查一般现在时和被动语态。句意：另一个原因是大鱼一旦被找到不会直接跳上船。此处讲述客观事实，应用一般现在时。动词locate和主语they构成被动关系。故填are located。
【18题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：多年前，一个名叫阿尔夫·迪恩的人克服了这两个困难。根据“Years ago”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填overcame。
【19题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：这是迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼。根据ever可知，此处是指迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼，应用形容词最高级。故填the biggest。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题, 每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
A
Airline Info
Book a flight
The Manhattan Regional Airport (MHK) offers daily Regional Jet service to Chicago O’Hare (ORD) and Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW). With just one connection you can travel to more than 200 domestic and almost 100 international destinations. Just visit airfarewatchdog. com to book your flight today.
Schedule
Please check the Flight Status on our main page or with American Airlines (AA. Com) for the latest information.
Departures
Flight
Departs
Arrives
Destination
Days
3443
5: 50 a.m.
7: 29 a.m.
Chicago’ O Hare
Daily
3570
6: 24 a.m.
7: 50 a.m.
Dallas / Fort Worth
Daily ex Tue Wed
3554
11: 05 a.m.
12: 29 p.m.
Dallas / Fort Worth
Tue Wed Only
4179
3: 01 p.m.
4: 29 p.m.
Dallas / Fort Worth
Mon Thu Fri Sat Only
3589
4: 03 p.m.
5: 45 p.m.
Chicago O’ Hare
Mon Thu Fri Sun Only
4179
5: 25 p.m.
6: 52 p. m .
Dallas / Fort Worth
Sunday Only
Arrivals
Flight
Departs
Arrives
From
Days
4179
12: 55 p.m.
2: 28 p.m.
Dallas / Fort Worth
Daily ex Sunday
3589
1: 30 p.m.
3: 18 p.m.
Chicago O’ Hare
Daily
4179
3: 15 p.m.
4: 44 p.m.
Dallas Fort Worth
Sunday Only
3532
8: 25 p.m.
10: 09 p.m.
Chicago O’ Hare
Mon Thu Fri Sat Only
3523
9: 05 p.m.
10: 35 p.m.
Dallas / Fort Worth
Daily ex Tue Wed
Notice
Schedule Effective July 8th—August 4th 2020
DFW Service is provided on ERJ-175
ORD Service is provided on ERJ-145
Please arrive 1hour and 30 minutes before departure time.
Ticket counter closes 45 minutes before departure time.
Screening starts about 45 minutes before departure time.
20. When would you leave on Tuesday from MHK to ORD?
A 5:50 a.m. B. 1:30 p.m. C. 4:03 p.m. D. 8:25 p.m.
21. Which flight would you take if you go from DFW to MHK on Monday night?
A. 3589. B. 4179. C. 3532. D. 3523.
22. What should you do if you want to take a flight from MHK to DFW?
A. Buy an ERJ-145 ticket ahead of time.
B. Follow the schedule after August 4th 2020.
C. Check in at least 45 minutes earlier than departure time.
D. Arrive at the airport one hour earlier before departure time.
【答案】20. A 21. D 22. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了关于MHK机场的一些航班信息。包括它的航班飞往的目的地、出发和到达的时间、飞行的日期安排以及订票的注意事项等等。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Manhattan Regional Airport (MHK) offers daily Regional Jet service to Chicago O’Hare (ORD) and Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW).(曼哈顿地区机场[MHK]每天提供飞往芝加哥奥黑尔[ORD]和达拉斯/沃斯堡[DFW]的支线飞机服务)”以及Departures部分中3443航班信息可知，周二从曼哈顿地区机场飞往芝加哥奥黑尔的航班是上午五点五十分出发。故选A。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Arrivals部分中3523航班信息可知3523航班，晚上9: 05从Dallas或Fort Worth出发，晚上10: 35 到达曼哈顿地区机场（MHK），且除了周二和周三，每天都有航班。故如果你星期一晚上要从DFW到MHK，你可以搭乘3523航班。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Notice部分中“Ticket counter closes 45 minutes before departure time.(检票处于出发时间前45分钟关闭)”可知，如果你想乘飞机从MHK飞往DFW，你应该至少提前45分钟办理登机手续。故选C。
B
Since the age of three, Chelsie Hill had dreamed of becoming a dancer. That ambition nearly ended in 2010 when Hill was in a car accident, which put the 17- year-old high school senior in hospital for 51 days and left her paralyzed from the waist down. For most people, that would have destroyed any hope of a dancing career. But for Hill, it was the beginning. Far from being a barrier, her wheelchair encouraged her to fight. “I want to prove to everyone including myself that I'm still normal,” she said, “whatever normal means.”
Normal for her meant dancing, so Hill did it in her wheelchair alongside her nondisabled high school dance team. Half of her body was taken away from her, so she had to move it with her hands. It took much learning and patience.
After graduation from high school, Hill wanted to expand her dance network to include women like her. She met people online who were fighting for the dream of dancing against various spinal (脊椎的) injuries, and invited them to dance with her. To reach more people in a larger city, Hill moved to Los Angeles in 2014 and formed a team of dancers with disabilities she called the Rollettes.
Every year Hill holds a dance camp called the Rollettes Experience for wheelchair users to help them bring out their acting talent. In 2019, 173 participants from ten countries attended. For many, it was the first time they’d felt they belonged. Edna Serrano said that being part of the Rollettes team gave her the courage to get behind the wheel of a car. “I didn't know I could do so many things that my fellow teammates had taught me.” she said. “I didn’t know I could be sexy. It’s so powerful to have my teammates in my life, because they're my teachers. I have more confidence.”
Chelsie Hill attained what many of us never will: her childhood dream. She has been chasing her dream in the wheelchair. She’s a dancer. The Rollettes have helped her find something else just as fulfilling.
23. What happened to Chelsie Hill in 2010?
A. She gave up her hope of dancing.
B. She suffered from a serious disease.
C. She realized her dream of becoming a dancer.
D. She was severely disabled due to a car accident.
24. Why did Chelsie Hill set up the Rollettes in 2014?
A. To motivate more people like her. B. To enlarge her dance business.
C. To seek more chances to dance. D. To expand her social network.
25. What change did the Rolleltes Experience bring to Edna Serrano?
A. She could help others. B. She had more faith in herself.
C. She learned how to drive. D. She became sexier than before.
26. Which of the following words can best describe Chelsie Hill?
A. Modest and professional. B. Responsible and creative.
C. Determined and inspiring. D. Cooperative and generous.
【答案】23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了遭遇车祸而下肢瘫痪的切尔西·希尔继续追求自己的舞蹈梦想并激励更多残疾人的故事。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“That ambition nearly ended in 2010 when Hill was in a car accident, which put the 17- year-old high school senior in hospital for 51 days and left her paralyzed from the waist down.”可知，2010年，希尔遭遇了一场（严重的）车祸，住了51天院，腰部以下瘫痪，故D项正确。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的““I want to prove to everyone including myself that I'm still normal,” she said, “whatever normal means.””可知，希尔说：“我想向包括我自己在内的所有人证明，我仍然是正常人，不管正常意味着什么”；再结合第三段中的“To reach more people in a larger city, Hill moved to Los Angeles in 2014 and formed a team of dancers with disabilities she called the Rollettes.”可知，为了接触到更大城市的更多人，希尔于2014年搬到了洛杉矶，并组建了一个名为“Rollettes”的残疾人舞蹈团，由此判断出，希尔组建 Rollettes残疾人舞蹈团是因为她想激励更多像她一样的人，故A项正确。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I have more confidence.”可知，埃德娜塞拉诺说她在参加Rollettes Experience舞蹈夏令营后变得更加自信了，故B项正确。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But for Hill, it was the beginning. Far from being a barrier, her wheelchair encouraged her to fight. “I want to prove to everyone including myself that I'm still normal,” she said, “whatever normal means.””可知，对希尔来说，这只是个开始，她的轮椅非但不是障碍，反而激励她与身体残疾斗争，她说：“我想向包括我自己在内的所有人证明，我仍然是正常人，不管正常意味着什么”，根据第二段中的“Half of her body was taken away from her, so she had to move it with her hands. It took much learning and patience.”可知，希尔下肢瘫痪，所以她不得不用手移动轮椅来跳舞，这需要很多的学习和耐心，这两点说明希尔的意志很坚定；再根据第三段中的“To reach more people in a larger city, Hill moved to Los Angeles in 2014 and formed a team of dancers with disabilities she called the Rollettes.”可知，为了在更大城市接触到更多的人（为了激励更多和她一样的人），希尔于2014年搬到了洛杉矶并组建了一个名为“Rollettes”的残疾人舞蹈团，根据倒数第二段中的“Every year Hill holds a dance camp called the Rollettes Experience for wheelchair users to help them bring out their acting talent.”可知，希尔每年都为坐轮椅的人举办一个名为Rollettes Experience的舞蹈夏令营，帮助他们发挥表演才能，这两点说明她非常鼓舞人心，故C项正确。
【点睛】涉及到人物性格特点的推理判断题难度较大，抓住文中人物的语言、动作或事迹是关键，因为这些细节描写最能体现出人物的性格特点，例如本篇第4题，根据第一段中的“But for Hill, it was the beginning. Far from being a barrier, her wheelchair encouraged her to fight. “I want to prove to everyone including myself that I'm still normal,” she said, “whatever normal means.””可知，对希尔来说，这只是个开始，她的轮椅非但不是障碍，反而激励她与身体残疾斗争，她说：“我想向包括我自己在内的所有人证明，我仍然是正常人，不管正常意味着什么”，根据第二段中的“Half of her body was taken away from her, so she had to move it with her hands. It took much learning and patience.”可知，希尔下肢瘫痪，所以她不得不用手移动轮椅来跳舞，这需要很多的学习和耐心，这两点说明希尔的意志很坚定；再根据第三段中的“To reach more people in a larger city, Hill moved to Los Angeles in 2014 and formed a team of dancers with disabilities she called the Rollettes.”可知，为了在更大城市接触到更多的人（为了激励更多和她一样的人），希尔于2014年搬到了洛杉矶并组建了一个名为“Rollettes”的残疾人舞蹈团，根据倒数第二段中的“Every year Hill holds a dance camp called the Rollettes Experience for wheelchair users to help them bring out their acting talent.”可知，希尔每年都为坐轮椅的人举办一个名为Rollettes Experience的舞蹈夏令营，帮助他们发挥表演才能，这两点说明她非常鼓舞人心，由此可知，希尔的一直非常坚定，而且还非常鼓舞人心，故C项正确。
C
Electric Cars
Where do cars get their energy from? For most cars, the answer is petrol. But some cars use electricity. These cars have special motors that get their power from large batteries.
Most people tend to think of electric cars as a new invention, but they have been around for a long time. They were popular when the technology for petrol engines was not very advanced. Recently, electric cars have again become popular because people want cars that pollute less.
Electric cars are better than petrol cars in several ways. The biggest benefit is reduced pollution. In areas where there is a high percentage of electric cars, there is less pollution. But it is important to understand that electric cars still cause pollution. Remember that the electricity to power electric cars has to come from somewhere, which is most likely a power station. Unless these power stations run on solar or wind energy, they are most likely burning coal and oil to make electricity. The second benefit of electric cars is a reduction in the dependence on foreign oil.
There are several countries, including the United States, which don’t want to rely on oil coming from other countries to power their transportation systems. They want the power to come from within their country, and since electric cars can run on electricity from coal or nuclear power stations, there is less of a need to import oil.
Despite the benefits of electric cars, there are some problems with them as well. One disadvantage is that electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars. This is mostly due to the high cost of the batteries these cars need. Electric cars run on batteries, just like a mobile phone does. But unlike a mobile phone, you cannot charge your electric car’s battery by plugging it into a wall. They need to be charged in special places. Now, there is a lack of places where people can charge the batteries. Another problem is that electric cars cannot travel as far as petrol cars. Some people are afraid that the battery will run out of electricity (and the car will stop) before they reach their destination.
Despite these problems, many people, including automobile industry experts, believe that the percentage of electric cars will increase in the future.
27. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. Electric cars make some countries independent.
B. Electric cars cause no pollution to the environment.
C. Electric cars have some advantages over petrol cars.
D. Electric cars need electricity from solar or wind energy.
28. Which of the following is not mentioned as the shortcomings of electric cars?
A. Electric cars need special motors to get power.
B. Petrol cars are cheaper than electric cars.
C. Petrol cars can travel farther than electric cars.
D. Electric cars need special places to get charged.
29. We can infer from the passage that _________.
A. electric cars will take the place of petrol cars
B. no one holds hope for electric cars at present
C. electric cars waste more energy than before
D. more and more people will use electric cars
【答案】27. C 28. A 29. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述电动车的优缺点及前景。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Electric cars are better than petrol cars in several ways. The biggest benefit is reduced pollution. In areas where there is a high percentage of electric cars, there is less pollution. But it is important to understand that electric cars still cause pollution. Remember that the electricity to power electric cars has to come from somewhere, which is most likely a power station. Unless these power stations run on solar or wind energy, they are most likely burning coal and oil to make electricity. The second benefit of electric cars is a reduction in the dependence on foreign oil. (电动车在几个方面都比汽油车更好。最大的好处是减少污染。在电动车比例较高的地区，污染较少。但重要的是要了解电动车仍然会造成污染。请记住，为电动车供电的电力必须来自某个地方，这很可能是一个发电站。除非这些发电站使用太阳能或风能，否则它们很可能燃烧煤炭和石油来发电。电动车的第二个好处是减少了对外国石油的依赖。)”可知，第三段主要介绍与汽油车相比，电动车的优点。故选C。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Despite the benefits of electric cars, there are some problems with them as well. One disadvantage is that electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars. This is mostly due to the high cost of the batteries these cars need. Electric cars run on batteries, just like a mobile phone does. But unlike a mobile phone, you cannot charge your electric car’s battery by plugging it into a wall. They need to be charged in special places. Now, there is a lack of places where people can charge the batteries. Another problem is that electric cars cannot travel as far as petrol cars. Some people are afraid that the battery will run out of electricity (and the car will stop) before they reach their destination. (尽管电动车有好处，但它们也存在一些问题。一个缺点是电动车比汽油车贵。这主要是由于这些车所需的电池成本很高。电动车使用电池运行，就像手机一样。但与手机不同的是，你不能通过将电动汽车的电池插入墙壁来为其充电。它们需要在特殊的地方充电。现在，人们缺乏可以为电池充电的地方。另一个问题是电动汽车不能像汽油车那样行驶得那么远。有些人担心电池在到达目的地之前会耗尽电量。)”可知，汽油车比电动车更便宜，行驶得更远。电动车需要在特定的地方充电。文章并未提及电动车需要特殊的电机来获得动力，A项错误，故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despite these problems, many people, including automobile industry experts, believe that the percentage of electric cars will increase in the future. (尽管存在这些问题，但包括汽车行业专家在内的许多人认为，未来电动汽车的比例将会增加。)”可知，专家认为电动车的市场占比会增加。故推知未来会有更多人使用电动车，故选D。
D
Basically, without the possibility of failure, there is little possibility of success. Education is in danger of becoming a branch of the entertainment industry. Although education should indeed be entertaining where possible, it cannot always be fun. Often, it needs the "hard yards".
Some educationalists feel that if something causes worry it should be avoided at all costs, I would disagree. Facing up to challenges helps develop children. Avoiding challenges can severely limit their potential. Tougher children are able to try and fail. The less tough may simply fail to try anything new.
I’m not advocating putting children under pressure. The real debate is perhaps what pressures are unavoidable. It's not about "throwing children into the deep end", but rather encouraging them to put their foot in the water and giving them the skills to float.
This latter approach is basically the work I and my team do at the University of Hull. We measure mental toughness and then provide interventions to improve this. These interventions include psychological skills such as goal setting, relaxation and thought control. So, for example, many children will say: "What happens if it goes wrong?" We work hard to change this so that the sentence reads: "What happens if it goes right?" One word difference, but a world away when thinking about challenges.
We try to help children deal more effectively with life using a three-step approach. Firstly, it is important to set realistic and achievable goals. Then it is a matter of finding out what factors (因素) are helping children to achieve these goals and what factors are working against this. The final step is to discover which of these factors can be controlled, or at least influenced, and what factors the child is in reality stuck with. Redirecting children's energies to movable obstacles (障碍) can produce huge life changes.
However, I think that for most of us we have become stress averse (反对的) and overreact to it. It has always been there, and it has always been the case that some people enjoy it, some need help to deal with it and some people's lives are ruined by it.
Showing our children that stress can be faced with and beaten offers them a way forward. The more a fear is avoided, the bigger it gets.
30. From the passage, we know the writer believes ____________.
A. education needs challenges
B. education should always be fun
C. children should avoid facing challenges
D. the more challenges, the better for the children
31. The writer disagreed with some educationalists because ________________.
A. some children are less tough
B. some pressures are avoidable
C. some challenges do good to children
D. some children are unaware of their potential
32. What do the writer and his team do at the University of Hull?
A. Record what the children do in stressful situations.
B. Make the children tougher mentally and physically.
C. Put the children under pressure by giving them challenges.
D. Give the children challenges and suggest suitable approaches.
33. What is the correct attitude towards stress according to the writer?
A. We should try our best to avoid stress.
B. We should love stress because stress is unavoidable.
C. We should put ourselves to the test in stressful situations.
D. We should experience stress and learn skills to deal with it.
【答案】30. A 31. C 32. D 33. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述教育现在面临很多的挑战，这些挑战既有好处又有弊端。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Facing up to challenges helps develop children.可知，面对挑战有利于使孩子们成长，即作者认为教育需要挑战。故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Some educationalists feel that if something causes worry it should be avoided at all costs, I would disagree.(一些教育学家认为，如果某件事引起了担忧，就应该不惜一切代价避免，我不同意这种看法)以及第二段第三句Facing up to challenges helps develop children.(面对挑战有助于孩子的成长)可知，作者不同意一些教育专家的意见，因为他认为面对挑战对孩子们的发展有好处，故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句…encouraging them to put their foot in the water and giving them the skills to float提到，作者的方法是鼓励孩子们踏入水中，然后教给他们漂浮的技巧，言下之意是通过让他们去面临挑战来教给他们合适的应对挑战的方法。而第四段开头提到，这种方法正是基于在Hull大学的实验，随后具体介绍了实验的内容，故D选项“给孩子们挑战，并建议适当的方法”符合文意。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句Showing our children that stress can be faced with and beaten offers them a way forward.(让我们的孩子知道压力是可以面对和战胜的，这为他们提供了前进的道路) 可推知，作者认为对待压力的正确态度是应该去经历压力然后学会解决方法，故选D。
【点睛】态度、观点及感受类推理判断题。高考阅读理解题中有些题目考查考生对文章作者的思想、人物性格倾向等方面的理解。对于判断情感态度类题目，考生需要分析段落大意、作者的思路，理解了文章的段落大意、中心思想后，才能判断出作者的情感态度。学会辨别清楚文章的体裁。如第四小题，根据最后一段第一句Showing our children that stress can be faced with and beaten offers them a way forward.(让我们的孩子知道压力是可以面对和战胜的，这为他们提供了前进的道路)可推知，作者认为对待压力的正确态度是应该去经历压力然后学会解决方法，故选D。
第二节(共5小题, 每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
Are you truly happy? Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness？___34___ The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.
●Make a plan for attaining goals that you believe will make you happyYour moods will very likely improve if you are going after something you value.
●Surround yourself with happy people.It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way.___35___
●When something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self－pity.Truly happy people don't allow setbacks to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstances back to their favour.
●___36___These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.
●___37___ Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance, you will be subconsciously (下意识地) putting yourself in a better mood.
●Finding the humour in situations can also lead to happiness.
●Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness.___38___
A. There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.
B. Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy.
C. It's also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.
D. These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves.
E. Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood.
F. What makes one person happy may be very different from what makes someone else happy.
G. On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious.
【答案】34. D 35. G 36. B 37. C 38. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了获得快乐的几种方法。
【34题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提出了两个问题，而D选项又提到这些问题对于寻找幸福的人至关重要，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提到一个人很容易受具有消极情绪的人的影响，而G选项又提到了与之相反的积极的一面，形成对比，故选G。
【36题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。后句提到这几分钟会给你面对生活中积极事物的机会，而B选项也有与之相关的意思，是对下一句的总结与概括，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。后句提到，无论你让自己吃饭、沐浴或只是在打扮上花几分钟，都会使你的心情变好，而C选项正提到每天要花一些时间到使自己心情变好的事情上，与后文呼应，故选C。
【38题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提到保持健康是获得快乐的另一种方式，而E选项正是这句话的补充，故选E。

第三部分 词汇运用 (共12分)
一、根据句意及所给的首字母或中文提示，写出该单词的正确形式(每空只填写一个词)(7分)
39. Running will help you get fit and p____________(预防，阻止) diseases.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】prevent##revent
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：跑步可以帮助你保持健康，预防疾病。根据中英文提示可知，prevent预防，阻止，动词，help do sth帮助做某事，空处和get并列，应用动词原形，故填prevent。
40. Audiences are r___________(提醒) to turn off the phones or put them on silence. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】reminded##eminded
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：观众们被提醒关掉电话或让它们处于静音状态。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“提醒”对应的动词的过去分词形式，与前面的are构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填reminded。
41. To keep fit, you should also keep a h__________(健康的) and balanced diet. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】healthy##ealthy
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：为了保持健康，你还应该保持健康和均衡饮食。空处和形容词balanced并列，应填形容词作定语，修饰名词diet，结合中英文提示可知，healthy健康的，形容词。故填healthy。
42. There are many ways to r_________(减少) stress, for example, you can make a list and do all the important things first. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】reduce## educe
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：有很多方法可以减轻压力，例如，你可以列出清单并先做所有重要的事情。根据句子结构可知，此处考查短语ways to do sth.，表示“做某事的方法”，其中不定式作后置定语。空前有to，设空处故填动词原形。根据汉语提示及首字母可知，表示“减少”，reduce符合题意，故填reduce。
43. I like reading books of all kinds. I have a top 10 reading list and I try to keep it u__________(更新). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】updated##pdated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我喜欢读各种各样的书。我有一个前十的阅读清单，并努力保持更新。根据中英文提示可知，update更新，宾语it指代前文的list，与动词update之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填updated。
44. Zhang Tian was i__________(激励，鼓舞) by some wonderful teachers and became a volunteer teacher. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】inspired##nspired
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：张天受到了一些优秀老师的启发，成为了一名志愿者教师。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要表示“激励，鼓舞”对应的动词的过去分词形式，为一般过去时的被动语态。故填inspired。
45. I hope you will a_________(适应) to the new situation and enjoy our new school. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】adapt##dapt
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我希望你能适应新环境，喜欢我们的新学校。根据中英文提示可知，adapt适应，动词，will后接动词原形。故填adapt。
二、短语填空 (从下面八个短语中选出五个，并按适当形式填空)(5分)
选词填空
ought to be fed up with suffer from in case
make a living sign up prefer to due to

46. The gloves and mouth guards also help, ________ anything happens.
47. This is the place where you can ________ for the Annual Fun Run.
48. Amelia was not able to _________ as only a pilot, so she worked several jobs.
49. I _________ getting sick. And I feel awkward failing PE exams.
50. Everyone ________ stress at some times in their life—teachers, doctors, factory workers and newspaper editors.
【答案】46. in case
47. sign up
48. make a living
49. am be fed up with
50. suffers from
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：手套和护齿器也有帮助，以防任何事情发生。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填介词短语in case，表示“以防万一”，故填in case。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：这里是可以报名参加年度趣味跑的地方。根据句子结构可知，情态动词can后接动词原形。根据句意，此处应表示“报名参加”，故填sign up。
【48题详解】
考查不定式及动词短语。句意：Amelia无法仅靠当飞行员谋生，所以她打了几份工。be able to do sth.，表示“能够做某事”。设空处应填动词原形。根据句意，此处应表示“谋生”，故填make a living。
【49题详解】
考查短语及时态。句意：我受够了生病。而且我觉得体育考试不及格，很尴尬。根据句意及谓语动词feel可知，时态应为一般现在时。根据句意，此处应表示“受够了，厌烦”，故用短语be fed up with，主语是I，be动词用am，故填am fed up with。
【50题详解】
考查时态及动词短语。句意：每个人在生活中的某个时候都会遭受压力，教师、医生、工厂工人和报纸编辑都会遭受压力。根据句意，本句描述一般事实，时态故用一般现在时。根据句意，设空处应表示“遭受”，故用动词短语suffer from。主语Everyone是单数，谓语动词应用单三。故填suffers from。
三、课文填空 (用课文原文词汇或短语填空)(5分)
根据课文原文填空
Suddenly, a player and I crashed into each other. Pain raced through my body. My knee hurt badly. The team ____51____ around, looking worried. The last quarter was about to begin, and my team was behind by 10 points.
Paul jumped up and rushed onto the ____52____. And clearly, all the extra hours that he’d spent practicing alone____53____. The other team just couldn’t keep up with his ____54____ and speed. He made shot after shot, and the crowd couldn’t stop _____55_____ and cheering. When the game ended, our team won by tow points.
【答案】51. gathered
52. court 53. paid off
54. energy 55. clapping
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍作者的一次篮球比赛的事情。
【51题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：队友们聚拢了过来，看起来很担心。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要表示“聚拢”的意思对应的动词gather，作谓语，这句话描述的是过去的事情，所以谓语用一般过去时。故填gathered。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：保罗跳起来冲上球场。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语，表示“球场”的意思。故填court。
【53题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：显然，他所有独自练习的额外时间都得到了回报。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要表示“成功，有回报”的意思对应的动词短语pay off，作谓语，这句话描述的是过去的事情，所以谓语用一般过去时。故填paid off。
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：对手队跟不上他的力量和速度。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语，表示“力量”的意思。故填energy。
【55题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他的进球一个接一个，人群不停地鼓掌欢呼。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要表示“鼓掌”的意思对应的动词的动名词形式，作宾语。stop doing，“停止做某事”的意思。故填clapping。
第四部分：书面表达(15分)
56. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim最近学习压力很大，并且总是感到身体疲惫，甚至有的时候生病，所以他打算选择一项体育活动来强身健体，来信请你给他推荐一项适合的体育运动。请根据以下提示用英语给他回一封邮件。
1. 推荐的体育运动名称；
2. 推荐此项运动的理由（至少两条）；
3. 你对他进行这项运动有何建议
注意：1 词数不少于100；
2 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
LiHua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am very glad to hear from you. In your letter, you asked me to recommend a sport to you. I think running is perfect for you.
I recommend running for the following reasons. Firstly, it is a great sport for beginners, because you don’t need any special equipment. Secondly, running will strengthen both your body and your immune system, which will help you keep fit and prevent diseases. Thirdly, it is a good way to cheer you up when you are feeling down. You know, a thirty-minute run will help relieve tension, which is also helpful for you to reduce stress.
If you plan to start on it, I advise you to warm up before running, so that you won’t hurt yourself. Besides, you ought to prepare a pair of good running shoes.
I hope my suggestions will be helpful and you will enjoy running.
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Jim,
I am glad that you wrote to me but feel sorry to know that you are tired sometimes and even fell ill because of pressure in study. I am relieved when knowing you are planning to take up a sport to make a change. Here is what I recommend — swimming.
Swimming is a great sport for people of all ages. It can help you get your full body workout. Exercising in water, your body works hard. It makes your heart stronger, which helps you keep fit and thus stay away from illness.
Besides, swimming can help reduce stress. Swimming regularly can cheer you up. Nothing can be better than being surrounded by water, especially in summer.
To enjoy the fun of swimming, here is some advice for you. It is important to be safe. Go to a swimming pool with life guards there. Also, a warm-up is necessary to get your body well prepared before you exercise.
Prepare a swimming suit and a pair of goggles and get started!
Hope my advice will help. Looking forward to hearing from you.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jim回一封邮件，向他推荐一项适合的体育运动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
有时：sometimes→at times
此外：besides→what’s more
建议：advice→suggestion
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To enjoy the fun of swimming, here is some advice for you.
拓展句：Here is some advice for you so that you can enjoy the fun of swimming.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am glad that you wrote to me but feel sorry to know that you are tired sometimes and even fell ill because of pressure in study.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】It makes your heart stronger, which helps you keep fit and thus stay away from illness.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）