2021-2022学年江苏省淮安市高一下学期期末调研测试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2021-2022学年江苏省淮安市高一下学期期末调研测试英语试题（解析版），共24页。

淮安市2021—2022学年度第二学期期末调研测试
高一英语试题
第一部分 听力
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What caused the car to break down probably?
A. Lack of oil. B. A car crash. C. The heat.
2. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Stay calm.
B. Study for a test.
C. Get higher grades.
3. What are the speakers talking about now?
A. The woman’s new office.
B. The location of the woman’s party.
C. The man’s new house.
4. Who is the woman talking about probably?
A. Her husband. B. Her boss. C. Her new friend.
5. Where are the speakers probably?
A. On a farm. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Whom does the man especially want to thank?
A. Beth. B. His coach. C. His parents.
7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Coach and player.
B. Reporter and athlete.
C. Teammates.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where are the speakers from probably?
A. Switzerland. B. Belgium. C. Mexico.
9. Why is the man so surprised?
A. He saw the chocolate plant.
B. He ate some famous chocolate.
C. He learned something new about his country.
10. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. The history of chocolate.
B. Modern healthcare.
C. Tourist destinations.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Who are the speakers mainly talking to?
A. Tennis players.
B. Soccer fans.
C. Competition organizers.
12. What are the speakers mainly trying to do?
A. Win a football game.
B. Encourage young players.
C. Find a coach for their children.
13. When did the speakers first meet the group?
A. Around one week ago.
B. Around two weeks ago.
C. Around three weeks ago.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What are the speakers waiting for?
A. Their meals. B. Other group members. C. Their tour guide.
15. How does the man feel about the group?
A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Disappointed.
16. When will the speakers’ trip end?
A In 4 days. B. In 8 days. C. In 10 days.
7. What did the speakers miss out?
A. Warm clothes. B. Food supplies. C. Rain protection.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who is the speaker?
A. An artist. B. A scientist. C. A tour guide.
19. Who paid for the piece of art?
A. A researcher. B. The government. C. A museum.
20. Where is the talk probably taking place?
A. In the UK. B. In Uganda. C. In the US.
第二部分 阅读
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hand gestures (手势) have been commonly used in our daily communication. They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behind. But are you somewhat aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures?
◆Handshake
Whether you’re greeting someone for the first time, or successfully negotiating (商定) an agreement, shaking hands is usually the go-to gesture. Who decided on this customary gesture, anyway? The history of the handshake dates back to ancient Greece, showing that neither person was carrying a weapon.
◆Thumbs up and thumbs down
Maybe you’re familiar with the popular story of this hand gesture dating back to Roman times. When a gladiator (角斗士) lost, the crowd would either stick their thumbs out to have him killed or just not make any sign at all. The thumbs up decided the gladiator’s fate (命运) . After WWII, thumbs up only came to mean that things were going smoothly. And thumbs down meant the opposite.
◆High five
According to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977. Glenn Burke, one of the capable players, lifted his am high above his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker to celebrate a milestone home run, marking what is widely regarded as the first recorded example of a high five.
◆The fist bump
The fist bump comes from boxers in the 1970s after people began imitating how they touched gloves before a competition. Later, instead of shaking hands, first bumps became popular among basketball players. The gesture soon spread to all basketball lovers, and, before long, to the President of the United States.
1. What did “thumbs up” mean to a gladiator in Roman times?
A. Being cheered. B. Being killed. C. Being appreciated. D. Being blamed.
2. Which gesture is in celebration of a home run?
A. B. C. D.
3. Which aspect do all the four gestures mention?
A. The history. B. The future. C. The power. D. The importance.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。手势在我们的日常交流中已经被广泛使用。它们通过补充单词有时遗漏的内容来补充信息。文章介绍了一些流行手势背后的历史。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据◆Thumbs up and thumbs down部分中的“When a gladiator (角斗士) lost, the crowd would either stick their thumbs out to have him killed or just not make any sign at all. The thumbs up decided the gladiator’s fate (命运). (当一个角斗士输了，观众们要么伸出大拇指想要杀死他，要么根本不做任何手势。竖起的大拇指决定了角斗士的命运)”可推知，“竖起大拇指”在罗马时代意味着角斗士被杀死。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据◆High five部分中的“Glenn Burke, one of the capable players, lifted his am high above his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker to celebrate a milestone home run, marking what is widely regarded as the first recorded example of a high five. (格伦·伯克是一名有能力的球员，他把双手高举过头顶，与队友达斯迪·贝克拍掌庆祝一个里程碑式的全垒打，这被广泛认为是有记录的第一个击掌的例子)”可知，击掌是为了庆祝一个本垒打。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But are you somewhat aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures? (但是你知道这些流行手势背后的历史吗？)”可知，这四个手势都有背后的历史故事。故选A。
B
Emma Rosen had one of the best and most sought-after jobs in the civil service in the UK. 20,000 candidates (候选人) applied, but fewer than 1,000 were offered jobs. But it turned out that she didn’t like sitting at a desk all day, and she struggled to see how what she was doing would make much difference to anything.
Instead of going to work every day and complaining about her job until she reached retirement age, Emma decided to find out what made her happy, what her skills were, and what sort of career would need them. She wrote a list of the jobs she had wanted to do since childhood and set about getting two-week placements (安排) in all of them over a year.
She was 24 years old, and she wanted o have tried out at least 25 different jobs before her 25th birthday. She spent the months before she quit her job saving up her year off, and. spent all her free time setting up the different jobs.
A year later, Emma said her favorites were the jobs that were more creative, relevant to travel or were outdoors. “Things like travel writing, archaeology, farming, working with the police, being a blogger, an explorer and an author,” she said.
“Considering that I am now working as a writer and speaker, communication skills in both verbal (口头的) and written form have been the most important. There were also plenty of more technical skills that I learned, like website design, social media management, building a commercial brand and conducting interviews.”
Emma added she also saw her softer people-focused skills improve. “I could be very adaptable quickly build relationships and accept change—I could walk into a new team or situation and get on well with everyone. Finally, there were things like showing that I was active, an independent and creative thinker as well as an innovative problem solver—I could certainly show that I could think outside the box!”
4. What does the underlined word “sought-after” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Complicated. B. Desirable. C. Ordinary. D. Traditional.
5. Why did Emma quit her job in the civil service?
A. The job made no difference to anything.
B. The job made her complain all day long.
C. She was struggling to do the current job.
D. She was eager to realize her self-worth.
6. Which of the following best describes Emma’s favorite jobs?
A. They are care-free and popular ones in civil service.
B. They are only the ones needing communication skills.
C. They are where creativity and skills were badly needed.
D. They have nothing to do with travel or outdoors.
7. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A. Emma benefited much from experiencing a variety of jobs.
B. Emma acquired technical skills to build a commercial brand.
C. Emma was flexible enough to change situations to her favor.
D. Emma thought independently to be a creative problem solver.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Emma Rosen想知道自己所做的事情会产生多大的影响，因此她辞掉了公务员工作，体验了25份不同的工作，从中获益匪浅。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“20,000 candidates (候选人) applied, but fewer than 1,000 were offered jobs.(两万名求职者提出申请，但只有不到1000人得到了工作机会。)”可知，这份工作很抢手，也就是很多人想要得到的，划线词sought-after意为“广受欢迎的”，和Desirable“最值得拥有的”意思相近，故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“she struggled to see how what she was doing would make much difference to anything(她努力想明白，她所做的事情会对其它事情产生多大的影响)”和第二段的“Emma decided to find out what made her happy, what her skills were, and what sort of career would need them.(艾玛决定弄清楚什么能让她快乐，她的技能是什么，什么样的职业需要这些技能。)”可知，艾玛辞去公务员的工作是因为她渴望实现自我价值。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“A year later, Emma said her favorites were the jobs that were more creative, relevant to travel or were outdoors. “Things like travel writing, archaeology, farming, working with the police, being a blogger, an explorer and an author,” she said.(一年后，艾玛说她最喜欢的是那些更有创意、与旅行或户外活动有关的工作。她说:“比如旅行写作、考古学、农业、与警方合作、做博主、探险家和作家。”)”可知，艾玛最喜欢的工作是最需要创造力和技能的工作，故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“There were also plenty of more technical skills that I learned, like website design, social media management, building a commercial brand and conducting interviews.(我还学到了很多技术技能，比如网站设计、社交媒体管理、建立商业品牌和采访。)”和最后一段的“Emma added she also saw her softer people-focused skills improve.(艾玛补充说，她还发现自己以人为本的软技能有所提高。)”可推断出Emma从经历过的各种工作中获益匪浅，故选A。
C
Families with unhealthy diets have worse mental health than those who mostly avoid meals packed with sugar, fat and salt. A new study is the first to show that children’s mental health is not immune to what they eat, especially inflammatory (引起炎症的) diets.
The effects of inflammatory diets are putting kids on a path to poor mental health from as young as age 11. The evidence (证据) is now well proved that inflammation in the body is actually damaging bodies gradually and leading to many chronic (慢性的) diseases.
The Murdoch Children’s Research Institute (MCRI) looked at the diets and self-reported mental health of more than 1,800 Australian parents and their 11-to-12-year-old children. as well as measuring markers of chronic inflammation in their blood.
The study, published in the British Journal of Nutrition, showed the benefits of healthy eating—namely anti-inflammatory diets high in fruit and vegetables—extended beyond physical health, and that families can eat their way to good mental health.
A child’s weight was not an influencing factor. Regardless (不管) of size, the bad effects of inflammatory diets high in processed foods affected children across the board.
Lead researcher at the MCRI, Dr Kate Lycett said while research had shown that specific anti-inflammatory diets could reduce depression symptoms (症状) in adults, people knew little about the effect on children and how a typical family diet—a mix of both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory foods—affected mental health.
“What surprised me was we saw the same results in terms of the risk in children and parents,” Dr Lycett said. “That’s really important, because as adults we try to control what we eat. We know when we eat a packet of chips we feel sad, but we often don’t think about that when we give our kids those chips.”
8. Which diet should children avoid?
A. The diet high in processed foods. B. The diet low in sugar, fat and salt.
C. The diet high in fruit and vegetables. D. The diet low in inflammatory foods.
9. What can we know about Dr Lycett’s study?
A. Inflammation in our body contributes to chronic diseases.
B. We can eat our way to good health physically and mentally.
C. A child’s mental health is not immune to his or her weight.
D. Anti-inflammatory diets can reduce depression symptoms.
10. What does Dr Lycett really want to express in the last paragraph?
A. The risk of giving adults inflammatory foods.
B. The feeling of eating a packet of tasty chips.
C. The effect of a typical family diet on children.
D. The importance of controlling what kids eat.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Healthy eating leads to no inflammation
B. Family diets have a mixed effect on kids
C. Unhealthy diets are harming kids’ mental health
D. Junk food is damaging kids’ physical health
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究首次表明，不健康的饮食危害孩子的心理健康。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Regardless (不管) of size, the bad effects of inflammatory diets high in processed foods affected children across the board. (无论大小，高加工食品的炎症性饮食对儿童的不良影响是全面的。)”可知，孩子应该避免加工食品含量高的食物。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Lead researcher at the MCRI, Dr Kate Lycett said while research had shown that specific anti-inflammatory diets could reduce depression symptoms (症状) in adults, people knew little about the effect on children and how a typical family diet—a mix of both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory foods—affected mental health. (MCRI的首席研究员Kate Lycett博士说，虽然研究表明特定的抗炎饮食可以减轻成人的抑郁症状，但人们对其对儿童的影响以及典型的家庭饮食——炎症和抗炎食物的混合——如何影响心理健康知之甚少。)”可知，消炎饮食可以减轻抑郁症状。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr Lycett said. “That’s really important, because as adults we try to control what we eat. We know when we eat a packet of chips we feel sad, but we often don’t think about that when we give our kids those chips.”(“让我惊讶的是，我们在儿童和父母的风险方面看到了相同的结果，”Lycett博士说。“这真的很重要，因为作为成年人，我们试图控制自己的饮食。我们知道，当我们吃了一包薯片时，我们会感到悲伤，但当我们给孩子吃薯片时，我们通常不会想到这一点。”)”可推断，Lycett博士在最后一段真正想表达的是父母控制孩子饮食的重要性。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study is the first to show that children’s mental health is not immune to what they eat, especially inflammatory (引起炎症的) diets.(一项新的研究首次表明，儿童的心理健康与他们所吃的食物，尤其与引起炎症的饮食有关。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究首次表明，不健康的饮食危害孩子的心理健康。所以“Unhealthy diets are harming kids’ mental health(不健康的饮食正在损害孩子的心理健康)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
D
Who was it on the top floor?
The lamp lit up a man’s face. Pip didn’t recognize it, but the expression showed that its owner was pleased to see Pip.
Suddenly Pip knew who he was when he sat down in a chair near the fire! The convict in the churchyard years ago!
“You helped me, Pip,” said the man. “I have never forgotten it.”
Pip felt none for him, saying, “If you’ve come here to thank me, it isn’t necessary. You must understand... But you are tired. Would you like something to drink before you go?”
“Thank you. I know, you are no longer what you used to be. It doesn’t hurt to ask how you managed to live such a life as a gentleman.”
“I have a benefactor,” Pip replied, embarrassed.
“Could I guess your income?” said the convict, smiling. “Is the first figure five?”
Pip’s heart started to beat very fast.
“And do you have a guardian whose name begins with the letter J?”
Suddenly Pip understood why the man was there. He stood up and held the back of a chair. The man took Pip’s hands and kissed them. But Pip still remembered that this man was a criminal.
“You’re like a son of me, Pip. I was working for you in Australia,” the man went on. “I’m happy you are spending my money.”
Pip smiled and listened weakly.
“It wasn’t easy for me to see you and stay with you here. I was sent away for life. If they find me back in London, they’ll hang me.”
Feeling even worse and too confused, Pip just said, “You are tired. You need a good sleep. Good night.”
After an hour or two, something started to become clear to Pip. Miss Havisham had no interest in his future or plans for him and Estella. She was using them to take her revenge on men!
12. What does the fifth paragraph imply?
A. Thanks to Pip came much too late to be accepted.
B. Pip was excited enough to speak quite out of breath.
C. The man didn’t know Pip was already a gentleman.
D. Pip actually declared the visitor to be unwelcome.
13. What do we know about the man’s character in the passage?
A. He was affectionate. B. He was proud.
C. He was disgusting. D. He was cruel.
14. What truth did Pip finally find out?
A. He once helped the man hidden on the top floor.
B. The man was taken away from England for life.
C. Not Havisham but the man was his benefactor.
D. Once a convict, always a dangerous convict.
15. What might still puzzle Pip?
A. Where the man came from. B. How the man became a criminal.
C. Who was the benefactor of him. D. What risk the man took to see him.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，是《远大前程》的节选，主要叙述的是Pip和囚犯的对话。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“Pip felt none for him, saying, “If you’ve come here to thank me, it isn’t necessary. You must understand... But you are tired.Would you like something to drink before you go?(Pip对他没有任何感觉，他说：“如果你是来感谢我的，那就没有必要了。你必须明白……。 但是你累了。你走之前想喝点什么吗？”)”可知，第五段暗示了皮普实际上宣布客人不受欢迎。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第六段的“The man took Pip’s hands and kissed them.(那人握住皮普的手，吻了吻。)”可知，那个男人是充满深情的，故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“After an hour or two, something started to become clear to Pip. Miss Havisham had no interest in his future or plans for him and Estella. She was using them to take her revenge on men!(一两个小时后，Pip开始明白了一些事情。Havisham小姐对他的未来，对他和Estella的计划都不感兴趣。她是在利用他们来报复男人！)”和倒数第五段的“I’m happy you are spending my money.(我很高兴你花我的钱。)”可知，Pip最后发现的真相是他的恩人不是Havisham，而是那个男人，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第五段的“I was working for you in Australia(我在澳大利亚为你工作)”可知，Pip知道那个人是从哪里来的；根据倒数第五段的“I’m happy you are spending my money.(我很高兴你花我的钱。)”可知，Pip知道谁是他的恩人；根据倒数第三段的“If they find me back in London, they’ll hang me.(如果他们发现我回到了伦敦，他们会绞死我的。)”可知，Pip知道那人为了见他冒了多大的风险，因此文章里没有提到的是这个人是如何成为罪犯的，也正是Pip仍然感到困惑的，故选B。
第二节
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rock climbing may seem like a sport possibly full of danger. ____16____ But experts say it offers participants a wide variety of physical and mental health benefits that are not always found in other sports. Here are four reasons you may wish to give rock climbing a try.
Build muscle strength. It’s not surprising that pulling your body up a cliff wall builds muscle in your arms. ____17____ In addition to giving your biceps (二头肌) and triceps (三头肌) a workout, it can build a lot of upper-body strength when you climb, especially in the hands and fingers.
____18____. Much of rock climbing’s skill lies in determining and memorizing your climbing route beforehand. You also need to be able to work out some problems on the fly so that you can change your route if you encounter unexpected obstacles.
Improve communication skills. Roped climbers have a companion on the ground called a belayer (保护者), who handles the rope through a device to manage the tension or slack (松弛). Throughout a climb, the climber must constantly communicate with the belayer about when the climber wants to rest and when it’s time to come down. ____19____
Combat depression. ____20____ Researchers in Germany found rock climbing to be successful psychotherapy for adults with depression, thanks to its physical, social and mental benefits.
A. Promote your determination.
B. But climbing is a full-body exercise.
C. Rock climbing can help battle the blues.
D. Enhance memory and problem-solving.
E. So, easy but clear expressions can save your life.
F. Communication skills are really important in our daily life.
G. After all, it involves climbing the side of a cliff or man-made rock wall.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了攀岩运动虽然是一项危险运动，但也会为我们带来意想不到的好处。
【16题详解】
根据前句“Rock climbing may seem like a sport possibly full of danger.(攀岩似乎是一项充满危险的运动。)”可知，这里介绍攀岩运动危险的原因。选择项G“After all, it involves climbing the side of a cliff or man-made rock wall.(毕竟，它涉及爬悬崖或人造岩壁的一边。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据前句“It’s not surprising that pulling your body up a cliff wall builds muscle in your arms.(把你的身体拉上悬崖峭壁会增加你手臂上的肌肉，这并不奇怪。)”和后句“In addition to giving your biceps (二头肌) and triceps (三头肌) a workout, it can build a lot of upper-body strength when you climb, especially in the hands and fingers. (除了锻炼你的肱二头肌和肱三头肌之外，它还能在你攀岩时增强上半身的力量，尤其是手和手指。)”可知，攀岩需要全身运动。选择项B“But climbing is a full-body exercise. (但攀岩是一项全身运动。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【18题详解】
这里为本段中心句。根据后文“Much of rock climbing’s skill lies in determining and memorizing your climbing route beforehand. You also need to be able to work out some problems on the fly so that you can change your route if you encounter unexpected obstacles. (攀岩的技巧主要在于事先确定并记住你的攀岩路线。你还需要能够在飞行中解决一些问题，以便在遇到意想不到的障碍时改变路线。)”可知，攀岩运动能够增强记忆力和提高解决问题的能力。选择项D“Enhance memory and problem-solving. (增强记忆力和解决问题的能力。)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据本段中心句“Improve communication skills.(提高沟通技巧。)”和前句“Throughout a climb, the climber must constantly communicate with the belayer about when the climber wants to rest and when it’s time to come down. (在整个攀登过程中，登山者必须不断地与保护员沟通，告诉他们什么时候想休息，什么时候该下来。)”可知，有效的沟通能够减少攀岩运动的危险。选择项E“So, easy but clear expressions can save your life. (所以，简单但清晰的表达可以挽救你的生命。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据本段中心句“Combat depression.(对抗抑郁。)”和后句“Researchers in Germany found rock climbing to be successful psychotherapy for adults with depression, thanks to its physical, social and mental benefits. (德国的研究人员发现，由于攀岩对身体、社会和精神都有好处，它对成年抑郁症患者是一种成功的心理治疗。)”可知，攀岩运动可以帮助治疗抑郁。选择项C“Rock climbing can help battle the blues. (攀岩可以帮助战胜忧郁。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
Wilson, 55, of Westchester County, New York, donated one of his kidneys (肾) two years ago. As a cyclist, Wilson was determined to ____21____ that the operation didn’t change his lifestyle. ____22____, earlier this year, he climbed to the top of Mt. Kilimanjaro.
He was ____23____ to sign up to become a non-directed (非定向) kidney donor after seeing a friend’s post on Facebook. The friend had written that his teenage daughter had recently received a life-saving kidney donation from a ____24____.
When he got home he started ____25____ kidney donations on the Internet. He didn’t know anyone who needed a ____26____, but he did find out about non-directed transplants (移植). ____27____, Wilson told his wife about his idea to become a non-directed donor, and she was totally supportive.
Wilson began taking the ____28____ to become a kidney donor, including numerous tests and ____29____ physical and psychological evaluations.
Wilson’s _____30_____ was an even more advanced, minimally invasive (微创) one called a single-port surgery. Doctors _____31_____ Wilson’s kidney using an incision (切口) made in his bellybutton. After about two weeks, he was back on his indoor bike, training _____32_____.
As a _____33_____ of a living thing, Wilson said the most important thing he wants people to know is that when someone donates a kidney, life really doesn’t _____34_____ at all.
“If you can make an impact during your time there, it’s a wonderful thing,” Wilson said. “But the planet is a _____35_____ place, so it was a way for a small individual to make an impact on just one person.”
21. A. predict B. possess C. prove D. pray
22. A. However B. So C. But D. Or
23 A. adopted B. persuaded C. exposed D. inspired
24. A. stranger B. doctor C. nurse D. relative
25. A. giving B. researching C. calculating D. evaluating
26. A. mission B. sample C. kidney D. computer
27. A. Eventually B. Extensively C. Gradually D. Constantly
28. A. liberty B. chances C. lead D. steps
29. A. splendid B. thorough C. unique D. permanent
30. A. operation B. donation C. test D. transplant
31. A. repaired B. protected C. removed D. checked
32. A. violently B. hardly C. lightly D. professionally
33. A. donor B. seeker C. researcher D. seller
34. A. ease B. change C. exist D. disappear
35. A. beautiful B. mysterious C. competitive D. big
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位来自纽约州韦斯特切斯特县55岁的自行车手威尔逊捐赠了一个肾脏，并且证明这次手术并没有改变他的生活方式的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名自行车手，威尔逊决心证明这次手术并没有改变他的生活方式。A. predict预测；B. possess拥有；C. prove证明；D. pray祈祷。根据下文“he wants people to know is that when someone donates a kidney, life really doesn’t ____14____ at all.”可知，他想要人们知道“当一个人捐献肾脏时，生活真的一点也没有改变。”“证明”最符合句意。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查连词/副词词义辨析。句意：因此，今年早些时候，他爬上了乞力马扎罗山顶。A. However然而；B. So所以；C. But但是；D. Or或。根据前后句的逻辑关系可知，“他爬上了乞力马扎罗山顶”是为了证明他的观点，因此后句是“结果”，So最符合句意，故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Facebook上看到一位朋友的帖子后，他受到鼓舞，注册成为一名非定向肾脏捐献者。A. adopted采用；B. persuaded说服；C. exposed暴露；D. inspired鼓舞。根据上文“after seeing a friend’s post on Facebook”可知，他看了帖子后成为一名非定向肾脏捐献者，应是受到了帖子的鼓舞。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位朋友写道，他十几岁的女儿最近收到一位陌生人捐赠的挽救生命的肾脏。A. stranger陌生人；B. doctor医生；C. nurse护士；D. relative亲戚。根据上文的“non-directed (非定向) kidney donor”可知，捐赠者是非定向的，故他们不知道捐赠者是谁，因此是陌生人。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家后，他开始在互联网上研究肾脏捐赠。A. giving给予；B. researching研究；C. calculating计算；D. evaluating评价。根据下文“on the Internet”可知，他开始上网去搜索，是为了去研究。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不认识任何需要肾脏的人，但他确实发现了非定向移植。A. mission任务；B. sample 样品；C. kidney肾脏；D. computer计算机。根据上文“donated one of his kidneys”可知，他捐赠的是肾，故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，威尔逊告诉妻子，他想成为一名非定向捐献者，她完全支持。A. Eventually最终 ；B. Extensively广泛地；C. Gradually逐渐地 ；D. Constantly不断地。根据上文“seeing a friend’s post on Facebook”、“sign up to become a non-directed (非定向) kidney donor”和“he started researching”可知，有以上的一些的经历之后，最后他决定告诉妻子。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊开始经过一系列步骤成为一名肾脏捐献者，包括多次测试和全面的身体和心理评估。A. liberty自由；B. chances机会；C. lead导线；D. steps步骤。根据下文“including numerous tests and ____9____ physical and psychological evaluations.”可知，他开始一步一步做这件事，包括多次测试、心理评估等。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊开始经过一系列步骤成为一名肾脏捐献者，包括多次测试和全面的身体和心理评估。A. splendid精彩的；B. thorough全面的；C. unique独特的；D. permanent永久的。根据上文和句意可知，他要成为一名肾脏捐赠者，所以需要全面的身体检查。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊手术是一种更先进的微创手术，其中一个叫单孔手术。A. operation手术；B. donation捐赠；C. test试验；D. transplant移植。根据后文“minimally invasive (微创) one called a single-port surgery”可知，此处描述的是“手术”，operation是surgery的同义词，故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生们在威尔逊的肚脐上切开，取出了他的肾脏。A. repaired修理；B. protected保护；C. removed取出；D. checked检查。根据上文“Wilson’s operation was an even more advanced, minimally invasive one called a single-port surgery.”可知，他进行时肾脏移植手术，故需从先从他体内取出肾脏。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：大约两周后，他回到室内自行车上，进行了轻松的训练。A. violently剧烈地；B. hardly几乎没有；C. lightly轻微地；D. professionally专业地。根据上文“Doctors removed Wilson’s kidney using an incision made in his bellybutton.”可知，他已经进行了手术，所以两周后只能做轻微的运动。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊说，作为活体捐献者，他想让人们知道的最重要的事情是，当一个人捐献肾脏时，生活真的一点也没有改变。A. donor捐赠者；B. seeker搜寻者；C. researcher 研究员；D. seller卖家。根据上文“Wilson, 55, of Westchester County, New York, donated one of his kidneys (肾) two years ago.”可知，他是一个捐赠者。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊说，作为活体捐献者，他想让人们知道的最重要的事情是，当有人捐献肾脏时，生命真的一点也没有改变。A. ease放松；B. change更改；C. exist存在；D. disappear消失。根据上文“As a cyclist, Wilson was determined to prove that the operation didn’t change his lifestyle.”可知，他想证明“手术没有改变他的生活”，故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：地球是一个大地方，所以这是一个小个体对一个人产生影响的方式。A. beautiful漂亮的；B. mysterious神秘的；C. competitive有竞争力的；D. big大的。根据下文“it was a way for a small individual”可知，small跟上文形成对比，故选D项。
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Starting in the fashion industry, the guochao trend to embrace (悦纳) China-made brands has spread rapidly to ____36____ (product) from food and drinks to clothing, mobile phones and electronic devices.
Unlike the older generations who could be attached ____37____ Western culture and brands, Chinese youth were born and raised when the country’s economy and wealth were taking off, ____38____ (catch) up quickly with Western counterparts. The younger generation tends to have strong ____39____ (confident) in their national identity and traditional culture.
Unlike campaigns ____40____ (previous) led by a small number of designers and creators to promote the so-called China chic (中国风) element, ____41____ were arguably too cultured to be appreciated by the masses, the ongoing guochao trend goes beyond a basic proudly ‘Made in China’ concept and proves to be a real market force.
The significant growth of the world’s second ____42____ (large) economy has given birth to ____43____ new type of super consumers, who ____44____ (know) to be fond of brands carrying serious cultural connotation (含义).
For years ____45____ (come) , guochao looks set to be a feature of Chinese consumer culture. It will develop in many different directions to every category of product imaginable.
【答案】36. products
37. to
38. catching
39. confidence
40. previously
41. which 42. largest 43. a
44. are known
45. to come
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了具有国产文化内涵的中国制造产品的发展趋势。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：从时尚行业开始，拥抱中国制造品牌的国浩潮流迅速蔓延至食品、饮料、服装、手机和电子设备等产品。分析句子可知，介词to之后缺少宾语，用名词形式作宾语。再根据提示，且此处表示多种产品，不是一种，应用其复数形式，故填products。
【37题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：与那些可以被西方文化和品牌所依附的老一辈人不同，中国年轻人是在国家经济和财富起飞的时候出生和长大的，他们很快就能赶上西方同行。根据句子结构可知，Western culture and brands作为宾语，前可以填入介词。be attached to意为“依附”符合语法结构和句意。故填to。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与那些可以被西方文化和品牌所依附的老一辈人不同，中国年轻人是在国家经济和财富起飞的时候出生和长大的，他们很快就能赶上西方同行。根据句子结构和句意可知，此处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语Chinese youth与动词catch之间是“主谓关系”，应用现在分词形式的非谓语动词，作状语。故填catching。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：年轻一代往往对自己的民族身份和传统文化有着强烈的信心。分析句子可知，形容词strong作定语，修饰后面的名词。再根据提示，其名词形式confidence不可数，have confidence in固定搭配，意为“对……有信心”。故填confidence。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：与之前由少数设计师和创造者发起的宣传所谓中国时尚元素的运动不同。分析句子结构可知，动词led之后，需要填入副词来修饰，再根据提示，故填previously。
【41题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：与之前由少数设计师和创造者发起的宣传所谓中国时尚元素的运动不同，中国时尚元素被认为太过有文化，无法被大众欣赏，而目前的国货潮流超越了一种基本的骄傲的“中国制造”概念，并证明是一种真正的市场力量。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非限制性定语从句的引导词，且根据句意可知，此处的连接词代指前文的China chic element，指物，在从句中作主语，故填which。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：世界第二大经济体的显著增长催生了一种新型的超级消费者，他们喜欢具有严肃文化内涵的品牌。分析句意可知，此处表示“第二大”，应用形容词最高级。再根据提示，故填largest。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：世界第二大经济体的显著增长催生了一种新型的超级消费者，他们喜欢具有严肃文化内涵的品牌。根据句意可知，此处表示“一种新型的超级消费者”，后面的数量词时名词单数type，且new的发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：世界第二大经济体的显著增长催生了一种新型的超级消费者，他们喜欢具有严肃文化内涵的品牌。固定短语be known to意为“为……所知”符合句意，且前面主语who代指可数名词复数consumers，句子描述一般性事实，用一般现在时，故填are known。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在未来的几年里，国货似乎将成为中国消费文化的一个特色。分析句子结构可知，横线处应填入非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词years。再根据句意可知，此处表示“未来的几年”，应用不定式to do表示未来。故填to come。
第四部分 课本基础知识运用
第一节
课本原文填空。
Given his personal experiences and the historical background, it is only natural to see that the ____46____ of Li Bai’s poems are characterized by the romantic style. Even the most uninformed reader would not fail to be impressed by the poet’s rich imagination. The moon and stars in the sky, the natural landscape and the figures in legends all become a vehicle for his imagination. ____47____ impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings, which breathes ____48____ into the lifeless objects he describes, and which ____49____ him from other landscape poets. These features are ____50____ from Li Bai’s wide use of exaggeration, metaphor and other artistic techniques.
【答案】46. majority
47. Equally
48. vitality
49. distinguishes
50. inseparable
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了唐代诗人李白的诗歌特点。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：鉴于李白的个人经历和所处的时代背景，我们可以很自然地看到，他的大部分诗歌都具有浪漫主义风格。根据语境可知，此处指李白的大部分诗歌，应用名词majority“大多数”。故填majority。
【47题详解】
考查副词。句意：同样令人印象深刻的是李白对强烈情感的自由表达，这为他所描绘的死气沉沉的物体注入了活力，使他有别于其他山水诗人。根据语境可知，此处指同样令人印象深刻的，应用副词equally“同祥地”，修饰形容词impressive。故填Equally。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：同样令人印象深刻的是李白对强烈情感的自由表达，这为他所描绘的死气沉沉的物体注入了活力，使他有别于其他山水诗人。根据语境可知，此处指为他所描绘的死气沉沉的物体注入了活力，应用名词vitality“活力”。故填vitality。
【49题详解】
考查动词。句意：同样令人印象深刻的是李白对强烈情感的自由表达，这为他所描绘的死气沉沉的物体注入了活力，使他有别于其他山水诗人。根据语境可知，此处指使他有别于其他山水诗人，应用动词distinguish“使有别于”句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，which指代前文整句话的内容，视为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填distinguishes。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些特点与李白广泛运用夸张、隐喻等艺术手法是分不开的。根据语境可知，此处指李白诗歌的特点与他广泛运用的艺术手法是分不开的，应用形容词inseparable“分不开的”，作表语。故填inseparable。
第二节
根据句子内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
51. By the time he was a teenager, he ________ (win) a reputation as a wonderful young musician. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】had won
【解析】
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：到他十几岁的时候，他已经赢得了杰出青年音乐家的声誉。根据时间状语By the time he was a teenager可知，谓语动词发生在过去某一时间点之前，应用过去完成时。故填had won。

52. As the human population ________ (continue) to grow, so does the effect we have on animals. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】continues
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。空处为从句谓语动词，根据主句时态可知，用一般现在时。population表示“人口总数”作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。故填continues。
53. ________ (house) in an old railway building, this famous museum features some of the best-known paintings of the 19th century. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Housed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座著名的博物馆位于一座古老的铁路建筑内，以19世纪一些最著名的画作为特色。house“安置，给……提供场地”与主语this famous museum是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故填Housed。

54. The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing with a river ________ (wind) through the landscape. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】winding
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：第一部分展示了汴京附近宁静的乡村生活场景，一条河流蜿蜒流过风景。river与wind是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动，作后置定语。故填winding。

55. It’s the responsibility of scientists, knowing the great progress is the fruit of freedom of thought, ________ (declare) the value of this freedom. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to declare
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：科学家知道伟大的进步是思想自由的果实，他们有责任宣布这种自由的价值。it is the responsibility of sb. to do是固定短语，意为“做某事是某人的责任”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是to declare，故填to declare。
第五部分 课外阅读
以下5段人物语言出自《愤怒的葡萄》。请确定与文本适配的“发言人”。
A. Jim Casy
B. Tom Joad
C. Grandpa Joad
D. Muley Graves
E. Ma Joad
76. ________—“What do we have left in this world? Nothing but our family. The money we’d make in California wouldn’t be helpful. All we have is a family that hasn’t been broken.”
77. ________—“I’m staying here. This is where I’m from. I belong here. I don’t care if there are oranges or grapes in California. You all go ahead.”
78. ________—“Those dirty people. If they didn’t tell me to leave, I’d be in California now eating grapes or picking oranges. But a man can’t leave when he’s told to do so. I’m not going.”
79. ________—“I’ve been thinking a lot, about our people living like pigs, and a hundred thousand farmers starving. And I’ve wondering, if all our folks got together and yelled.”
80. ________—“Why do we have to rely on God? Maybe it’s all men and all women that we love; maybe that’s the human spirit. Maybe all men have one big soul and everybody’s a part of it.”
第六部分 写作
56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I Owe You Thanks
Mrs. Crawley, a large woman, often worked into night at a hotel beauty-shop. She was walking alone with a large heavy back-pack at about eleven o’clock one night when a boy named Jack ran up behind her and tried to snatch (抢夺) her pack.
The pack’s strap (带子) broke. The boy’s weight and the weight of the pack combined cased him to lose his balance, so Jack fell on his back on the sidewalk. Mrs. Crawley simply turned around and picked the boy up by his shirt front.
The woman did not release Jack. “I’m very sorry, lady, I’m sorry,” he whispered in an embarrassed (尴尬的) voice.
Mrs. Crawley said, looking at his face, “Now I got a great mind to wash your face. It’s dirty! Did you have nobody home to tell you to wash your face?”
“No, Ma’am,” said Jack.
“Then it will get washed this evening,” said Mrs. Crawley starting up the street dragging Jack behind her. “You ought to be my son. I would teach you right from wrong. Least I can do right now is to wash your face. Are you hungry?”
“Yes, Ma’am,” said the being dragged boy.
When getting to her door, Mrs. Crawley dragge Jack inside.
“You go to that sink and wash your face, and I’m going to fix us something to eat. You’re hungry — or been hungry — to try to snatch my pack.” said the woman, turning Jack loose. He went to the sink.
“I wanted a pair of blue suede shoes,” said Jack.
“Well, you didn’t have to snatch my pack to get your suede shoes,” said Mrs. Crawley. “You could have asked me.”
“Ma’am?”
The water dripping from his face, Jack looked at her. There was a long pause. A very long pause.
Then supper was ready, with a bite of cakes cooked for each. Mrs. Crawley set the table.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She did not ask Jack anything that would embarrass him as they ate.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Shoes got in that way will make you uncomfortable,” continued Ms. Crawley, ready to get her rest.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】She did not ask Jack anything that would embarrass him as they ate. It seemed that silence surrounded the room. Lowering his head with shame, Jack didn’t what to say but just tried to finish his meal as quickly as he could. After a long pause, Mrs. Crawley stopped eating, looking straight into his eyes and asking, “Could you please tell me why that pair of blue suede shoes is important to you?”. “All the boys I know have this pair of shoes. I want one.”, he answered in a low voice with face flushing.
“Shoes got in that way will make you uncomfortable,” continued Ms. Crawley, ready to get her rest. “Remember get what you want through your hard work and you’ll feel proud. But getting what you want by doing something wrong will bring shame to your life.”,Ms. Crawley patted his back gently. What made Jack amazed was that Ms. Crawley didn’t blame and punish him. She taught him an unforgettable lesson. Tears of gratitude welled up in his eyes. He had made up his mind to be righteous man since then.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了克劳利女士在回家的路上被一个叫杰克的男孩抢她的背包，而男孩没有得逞，最终被克劳利女士带回家，通过给他做饭吃，开导并教育他要懂得明辨是非，男孩对此很感激。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他们吃饭时，她没有问杰克任何会让他尴尬的问题。”可知，第一段可描写他们吃饭的场面。
②由第二段首句内容““鞋子妨碍了你，会让你不舒服，”克劳利继续说，准备休息。”可知，第二段可描述克劳利女士怎么去教育杰克，而杰克意识到自己的错，对克劳利女士很感激。
2.续写线索：吃饭——询问——教育——意识错误——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回答：answer/reply
②低头：lower his head/bow his head/with his head down
③拍后背：pat his back/tap his back
情绪类
①羞愧：with shame/with embarrassment
②感激：tears of gratitude/grateful tears
【点睛】[高分句型1] Remember get what you want through your hard work and you’ll feel proud. （由what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] What made Jack amazed was that Ms. Crawley didn’t blame and punish him.（由what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）