2021-2022学年山东省青岛市高一上学期选科测试期末考试英语试题

这是一份2021-2022学年山东省青岛市高一上学期选科测试期末考试英语试题，共26页。

2022年高一年级选科测试
英语试题
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷.上.录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the library. B. In the bookstore. C. In the print shop.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A Tourist spots. B. Voluntary work. C. Summer plans.
3. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Workmates. B. Classmates. C. Friends.
4. Why does the man have to leave?
A. It's too late today. B. He has a meeting tomorrow. C. He feels a little tired today.
5. How much will the man pay if he buys the TV?
A. $2,400. B. $2,500. C. $2,600.
第二节(共15小题每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独自后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman looking for?
A. A canteen B. A parking lot. C. A teaching building.
7. What do we know about the man?
A. He walked to the campus this morning.
B. He is familiar with the campus.
C. He went to the park this afternoon.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When did the woman quit her last job?
A. Yesterday. B. Last week. C. Last month.
9. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Complete a test.
B. Try something creative.
C. Introduce herself within 15 minutes.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What's the woman's favorite way of eating vegetables?
A. Making salads. B. Cooking vegetables. C. Making vegetable juice.
11. What does the woman care about most when growing vegetables?
A. Keeping proper temperature.
B. Watering vegetables in time.
C. Stopping worms from biting vegetables.
12. What vegetables does the man probably like?
A. Carrots. B. Peppers. C. Eggplants.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What's the purpose of the woman's visit?
A. To meet Mark. B. To call on Simon. C. To attend a conference.
14. How will the woman go to Simon's company?
A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By car.
15. Where is Simon's company?
A. On 83rd street. B. Opposite a bar. C. At Andrew Square.
16 When should the woman leave according to the man?
A. At 9:00 a.m. B. At 9:30 a.m. C. At 10:00 a.m.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why did Grandpa Pandetti go to the village?
A. To buy a mirror. B. To trade his goods. C. To visit his family.
18. What did Grandpa Pandetti do when he returned home?
A. He hung the mirror on the wall.
B. He told his family about the mirror.
C. He made dinner for himself.
19. What did the Pandetti do in the end?
A. They smiled whenever they looked in the mirror.
B. They took the mirror off the wall.
C. They made friends with strangers.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A Life in the mountains. B. The Pandetti' goods. C. A special present for a family.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题: 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、 C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Looking for family-friendly places this summer? Ontario has got it all.
Check out this collection of family routes from across Ontario, From beaches and farms to big cities, planning your family trip just gets a boost of inspiration. Before packing up the car and the kids, make sure you book ahead, check for activity reservations and ensure that businesses are up and running.
Family Getaway in Toronto
Are your families planning a vacation? Toronto has attractions your kids won’t want to miss, from exciting sports and cultural and scientific wonders to treats and eats that everyone can enjoy. You can even visit the Aga Khan Museum for a window into the ancient world.
Fun Roadside Attractions in Algoma
Looking for best places to take the cutest photos of you and your family, look no further than this route. Algoma Country has its share of roadside attractions -- some famous, some odd, some you may not have even known about.
Family Adventures in Lennox & Addington
Turn off electronic devices and rediscover family-friendly fun in Lennox & Addington, from camping to hiking to farm visits and more.
Explore Ottawa with the Family
Grab your family bubble and experience Ottawa’s summer atmosphere with this 3-day tour. From the downtown core to the countryside, Canada’s capital is full of fun attractions for everyone, including tours and museums!
1. What are you advised to do before your trip to Ontario?
A. Book in advance. B. Have your car checked. .
C. Plan activities with kids. D. Call the business manager.
2. Which route best suits people who enjoy camping?
A. Family Getaway in Toronto. B. Fun Roadside Attractions in Algoma.
C. Family Adventures in Lennox & Addington. D. Explore Ottawa with the Family.
3. What do Family Getaway in Toronto and Explore Ottawa with the Family have in common?
A. They last for three days. B. They have water sports for kids.
C. They feature roadside attractions. D. They offer chances to visit museums.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在安大略省可以和家人一起旅行路线。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Before packing up the car and the kids, make sure you book ahead, check for activity reservations and ensure that businesses are up and running.”（在打包汽车和孩子之前，确保提前预订，检查活动预订情况，并确保业务正常运行。）可知，去安大略省旅行之前，建议你要提前预定。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Family Adventures in Lennox & Addington部分“Turn off electronic devices and rediscover family-friendly fun in Lennox & Addington, from camping to hiking to farm visits and more.”（关掉电子设备，在Lennox&Addington重新发现家庭友好的乐趣，从露营到徒步旅行到农场参观等等。）可知，Family Adventures in Lennox & Addington最适合喜欢露营的人。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Family Getaway in Toronto部分“You can even visit the Aga Khan Museum for a window into the ancient world.”（你甚至可以参观阿加汗博物馆，以了解古代世界。）以及Explore Ottawa with the Family部分“From the downtown core to the countryside, Canada’s capital is full of fun attractions for everyone, including tours and museums!”（从市中心到乡村，加拿大首都到处都是有趣的景点，包括旅游和博物馆！）可知，Family Getaway in Toronto和Explore Ottawa with the Family的共同之处是都提供参观博物馆的机会。故选D项。
B
American gymnast Simone Biles flies through the air as though she was made for it. She has won more World Championship gold medals than any other female gymnast in history. She is also the first women gymnast to win three World all-around titles in a row. A complicated flip (翻转动作) she introduced in the 2013 World Championships is one of four skills that are named after her, and some consider her the greatest of all time.
Athletes are under pressure, and a small mistake can result in serious injury. At the Summer Olympic Games in Tokyo, Biles experienced something gymnast call “the twisties,” which is when a gymnast has no idea where his or her body is in the air. Instead of putting herself and her team at risk, Biles gave up the competition. However, she worked out in a private gym and was able to compete in the last-scheduled individual event: the balance beam, winning the bronze medal.
When she was young, Biles was raised by her grandfather Ron, and was introduced to gymnastics at the age of 6 on a school field trip to a gym. She saw some gymnasts practicing, began copying their moves and insisted that her parents send her for gymnastics lessons. A coach at the gym also recognized her talent and sent a letter home asking her parents to send her for lessons.
Throughout her career, Biles has kept her passion for the sport, which can be seen clearly in the huge smile she often wears while competing. But she also wants people to know the importance of putting mental health first and not ignoring how stress can influence them.
In Biles’ 2016 memoir (回忆录), titled Courage to Soar, the book tells in her words “how my faith and my family made my wildest dreams come true. And how embracing a dream can give you courage to soar.” Biles’ ability to perform at the highest level has inspired new generations of athletes, but her willingness to be honest about her struggles inspires everyone.
4. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about Biles?
A. Her high spirit. B. Her wide fame.
C. Her great achievements. D. Her wonderful skills.
5. What happened to Biles at the Tokyo Summer Olympic Games?
A. She was seriously injured. B. She had a hard time.
C. She got a gold medal. D. She put her team at risk.
6. What do we know about Biles from the text?
A. She has got the most gold medals in history.
B. Four skills were named after her in 2013.
C. She showed her talent for gymnastics at an early age.
D. Her grandfather insisted that she take gymnastics lessons.
7. Which of the following can best describe Biles?
A. Strong-willed and talented. B. Confident and warm-hearted.
C. Determined and generous. D. Hard-working and curious.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了体操运动员西蒙·拜尔斯。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段关键句“She has won more World Championship gold medals than any other female gymnast in history. She is also the first women gymnast to win three World all-around titles in a row. A complicated flip (翻转动作) she introduced in the 2013 World Championships is one of four skills that are named after her, and some consider her the greatest of all time.”（她获得的世界冠军金牌比历史上任何一位女子体操运动员都多。她也是第一位连续三次获得世界全能冠军的女子体操运动员。她在2013届世界锦标赛中引进的一项复杂的翻转动作是四种以她命名的技能之一，有些人认为她是有史以来最伟大的体操运动员。）可知，文章第一段主要介绍的是拜尔斯获得的伟大成就，例如她获得的世界冠军金牌比历史上任何一位女子体操运动员都多、她是第一位连续三次获得世界全能冠军的女子体操运动员等，由此可知，关于拜尔斯，第一段主要告诉我们的是她的伟大成就。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“At the Summer Olympic Games in Tokyo, Biles experienced something gymnast call “the twisties,” which is when a gymnast has no idea where his or her body is in the air. Instead of putting herself and her team at risk, Biles gave up the competition. However, she worked out in a private gym and was able to compete in the last-scheduled individual event: the balance beam, winning the bronze medal.”（在东京夏季奥运会上，拜尔斯经历了一种体操运动员称之为“空中失感”的情况，即体操运动员不知道自己的身体在空中的位置。拜尔斯没有让自己和她的团队处于危险之中，而是放弃了比赛。然而，她在一家私人健身房锻炼，并能参加最后一个预定的个人项目：平衡木，赢得铜牌。）可知，在东京夏季奥运会上，拜尔斯经历了“空中失感”，导致她放弃了比赛，但经过努力训练，她在平衡木项目中赢得铜牌，由此可知，在东京夏季奥运会上，拜尔斯经历了一段艰难的时光。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段内容“When she was young, Biles was raised by her grandfather Ron, and was introduced to gymnastics at the age of 6 on a school field trip to a gym. She saw some gymnasts practicing, began copying their moves and insisted that her parents send her for gymnastics lessons. A coach at the gym also recognized her talent and sent a letter home asking her parents to send her for lessons.”（小时候，拜尔斯由祖父罗恩抚养长大，6岁时在学校的一次健身房实地考察中接触到了体操。她看到一些体操运动员在练习，开始模仿他们的动作，并坚持让父母送她去上体操课。健身房的一位教练也认识到了她的天赋，并给她家里寄了一封信，请她的父母送她去上课。）可知，拜尔斯6岁时接触到了体操，并展现出对体操的热爱，健身房的一位教练也认识到了她的天赋，希望她的父母送她去上课，由此可知，从课文中我们知道拜尔斯在很小的时候就展示了她的体操天赋。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“However, she worked out in a private gym and was able to compete in the last-scheduled individual event: the balance beam, winning the bronze medal.”（然而，她在一家私人健身房锻炼，并能参加最后一个预定的个人项目：平衡木，赢得铜牌。）可知，虽然拜尔斯经历了“空中失感”，但她没有放弃，仍然努力训练，最终在平衡木项目中赢得铜牌，由此可知，她是个意志坚强的人；根据第一段关键句“She is also the first women gymnast to win three World all-around titles in a row. A complicated flip (翻转动作) she introduced in the 2013 World Championships is one of four skills that are named after her, and some consider her the greatest of all time.”（她也是第一位连续三次获得世界全能冠军的女子体操运动员。她在2013届世界锦标赛中引进的一项复杂的翻转动作是四种以她命名的技能之一，有些人认为她是有史以来最伟大的体操运动员。）可知，她是连续三次获得世界全能冠军的女子体操运动员，并且有四种体操技能是以她的名字命名的，由此可知，她是个才华横溢的人，由此可推断出，拜尔斯是一个意志坚强、才华横溢的人。故选A项。
C
An Indonesian librarian is lending books to children in exchange for trash they collect in a novel way to clean up the environment and get the kids to read more.
Each weekday, Raden Roro Hendarti, a librarian in Indonesia’s Java Island rides her three-wheeler with books piled up at the back for children in Muntang village to exchange for plastic cups, bags and other waste that she carries back. As soon as she shows up, little children, many accompanied by their mothers, surround her “Trash Library” and ask loudly for the books. They are all carrying trash bags and Raden’s three-wheeler quickly fills up with them as the books fly out. She’s happy the kids are going to spend less time on online games as a result.
“Let us get kids to read more and build a culture of literacy from a young age,” Raden said. “We should also take care of our waste in order to fight against climate change and to save the earth from trash,” she said.
She collects about 100 kg of waste each week, which is then sorted out by her colleagues and sent for recycling or sold. She has a stock of 6,000 books to lend and wants to take the mobile service to neighboring areas as well.
Kevin Alamsyah, an eager 11-year-old reader, looks for waste lying in the village. “When there is too much trash, our environment will become dirty and it’s not healthy. That’s why I look for trash to borrow a book,” he says.
The literacy rate for above-15-year-olds in Indonesia is around 96 percent, but a September report by the World Bank warned that the pandemic will leave more than 80% of 15-year-olds below the minimum reading level identified by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
8. What is “Trash Library” like?
A. Well-decorated. B. Noisy and dirty. C. Relaxing. D. Popular.
9. Why does Raden run the “Trash Library”?
A. To fight against climate change.
B. To collect trash for money.
C. To help kids get away from online games.
D. To get kids to read more and care for the environment.
10. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Indonesia’s environmental situation is worrying.
B. People in Indonesia has a very low literacy rate.
C. The trash library has been introduced to many other cities.
D. The pandemic has a negative effect on teenagers’ reading.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. A Novel Way to Improve Library B. The Indonesian System for Reading
C. Your Trash Benefiting the Environment D. Your Collected Trash for Our Books
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了印度尼西亚爪哇岛的一名图书管理员正以一种新颖的方式鼓励孩子们在获取知识的同时保护环境——孩子们可以用收集来的垃圾换书看。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“As soon as she shows up, little children, many accompanied by their mothers, surround her “Trash Library” and ask loudly for the books.”（她一出现，许多孩子在母亲的陪伴下围在她的“垃圾图书馆”周围，大声索要书籍。）可知，“垃圾图书馆”是受欢迎的。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““Let us get kids to read more and build a culture of literacy from a young age,” Raden said. “We should also take care of our waste in order to fight against climate change and to save the earth from trash,” she said.”（雷登说：“让我们让孩子们多读书，从小培养识字文化。”。她说：“为了对抗气候变化，保护地球免受垃圾的污染，我们也应该处理我们的垃圾。”。）可知，雷登经营“垃圾图书馆”是为了让孩子们多读书，并关心环境。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The literacy rate for above-15-year-olds in Indonesia is around 96 percent, but a September report by the World Bank warned that the pandemic will leave more than 80% of 15-year-olds below the minimum reading level identified by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.”（印度尼西亚15岁以上儿童的识字率约为96%，但世界银行9月的一份报告警告称，这场大流行病将使80%以上的15岁儿童低于经济合作与发展组织设定的最低阅读水平。）可知，大流行病对青少年的阅读有负面影响。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“An Indonesian librarian is lending books to children in exchange for trash they collect in a novel way to clean up the environment and get the kids to read more.”（一名印尼图书管理员正在借书给孩子们，以一种新颖的方式交换他们收集的垃圾，从而清洁环境，让孩子们多读书。）以及文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了孩子们可以用收集来的垃圾换书看，所以“你收集垃圾换得我们的书”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
D
In recent years, researchers of Cornell University’s Food and Brand Lab are studying how environmental factors influence many Americans to unnoticeably eat too much. Many people wrongly believe that factors like hunger or boredom and depression are the main causes of overeating, but their research has shown otherwise. It is thought that we overeat if the food is good or if we’re really hungry. In reality, those are two of the last things that determine how much we eat.
In one experiment, the researcher placed jars of candies in workers’ offices for a month. Then, he moved the candies 1.8 m away. The office workers ate five more candies each day when the jar was closer to them, equaling an additional 125 calories a day. It does not sound too bad, but add that up over a year and you will have gained 5.4 kg. “If something is visible, every time we see it, we have to make a decision: to eat it or not?” the researcher explained.
In the other experiment, moviegoers were given five-day-old popcorn, some in medium-size buckets, some in large buckets. The researcher found that moviegoers who had the larger buckets ate 53 percent more, despite its unpleasant taste. He believes that the distraction of the movie and hearing others eat the popcorn persuade people to keep eating.
The findings in other researches have shown that we tend to eat more when we use larger dishes, eat in front of the television, or dine with someone who eats a lot. Researchers of the lab advise a gradual approach in changing eating habits. People can cut a couple of hundred calories a day by doing things such as avoiding open food dishes at the office, using smaller serving bowls, sitting next to the slowest eater and being the last one to start eating.
12. What is the truth shown by the study?
A. We eat more when the food is good.
B. People tend to eat a lot when they dine out.
C. Feeling depressed leads us to overeat.
D. Hunger is not the key factor in overeating.
13. What can we learn from the two experiments?
A. People turn to more candies for more energy.
B. Office workers eat more candies due to visibility.
C. Moviegoers eat more popcorn because it is tasty.
D. People keep eating popcorn to enjoy the movie.
14. What is suggested in changing eating habits?
A. Dining with slim persons. B. Eating while watching films
C. Using smaller dishes. D. Starting eating earlier.
15. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To display a research process.
B. To instruct how to do research experiments.
C. To warn against overeating.
D. To advise being a mindful eater.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现环境因素影响我们吃得过多，我们应该逐渐改变饮食习惯，减少食物的摄入，成为一个警觉的饮食者。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Many people wrongly believe that factors like hunger or boredom and depression are the main causes of overeating, but their research has shown otherwise. It is thought that we overeat if the food is good or if we're really hungry. In reality, those are two of the last things that determine how much we eat.( 许多人错误地认为，饥饿、无聊和抑郁是暴饮暴食的主要原因，但他们的研究表明，情况并非如此。人们认为，如果食物很好，或者我们真的很饿，我们就会吃得过多。事实上，这是决定我们吃多少的最后两件事。)”可知，这个研究表明饥饿并不是暴饮暴食的关键因素。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The office workers ate five more candies each day when the jar was closer to them, equaling an additional 125 calories a day.( 当罐子离他们较近时，办公室职员每天会多吃5块糖果，相当于每天多摄入125卡路里。)”和“‘If something is visible, every time we see it, we have to make a decision: to eat it or not?’the researcher explained.( 研究人员解释说:“如果某些东西是可见的，我们每次看到它时都必须做出决定:吃还是不吃?”)”可推断，办公室职员会因为看得见而吃更多的糖果。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Researchers of the lab advise a gradual approach in changing eating habits. People can cut a couple of hundred calories a day by doing things such as avoiding open food dishes at the office, using smaller serving bowls, sitting next to the slowest eater and being the last one to start eating.( 实验室的研究人员建议循序渐进地改变饮食习惯。人们每天可以通过一些事情来减少几百卡路里的热量，比如在办公室里避免打开食物，使用较小的餐具，坐在吃得最慢的人旁边，以及最后一个开始吃饭。)”可知，在改变饮食习惯方面，建议使用更小的餐具。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“In recent years, researchers of Cornell University's Food and Brand Lab are studying how environmental factors influence many Americans to unnoticeably eat too much.( 近年来，康奈尔大学的食品和品牌实验室的研究人员正在研究环境因素如何影响许多美国人不加注意地吃得过多。)”以及最后一段的“The findings in other researches have shown that we tend to eat more when we use larger dishes, eat in front of the television, or dine with someone who eats a lot.( 其他研究发现，当我们使用更大的盘子、在电视机前吃饭或和吃得多的人一起吃饭时，我们倾向于吃得更多)”以及最后一段的建议可知，本文主要讲述了研究发现环境因素影响我们吃得过多，并给出了逐渐改变饮食习惯，减少食物摄入的建议，因此推断本文的目的是建议人们成为一个警觉的饮食者。故选D。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lightning or a bolt of lightning is what we all call the bright flashes of light that come out of the clouds during a thunderstorm. ____16____
Three thousand years ago, the Greeks thought that lightning bolts came from an angry god. ____17____ Since then, scientists have learned that lightning is a discharge (释放) of static electricity (静电) hat forms when the water droplets making up the clouds rub together. The static charge tries to get to the ground or into another, and that is when we see lightning.
Typically, lightning travels from cloud to ground or cloud to cloud. The lightning you see during a summer thunderstorm is called cloud-to-ground. ____18____ That is indeed too fast for the human eye to see its path.
____19____ Skyscrapers and things that are tall may be hit many times during a single storm, and staying under a tall tree can be very dangerous. During a thunderstorm, you can find some safety in a car made from metal. Lying flat on the ground in an open area is another option that provides you with some safety.
Lightning bolts cause the greatest threat to life and property (财产). ____20____ In America, about 100 people are killed by lightning each year. It is true that your chance of being struck by lightning is very low, but you should still be careful because lightning is very dangerous.
A. It is usually accompanied by thunder.
B. Lightning often strikes in the same place.
C. They are more dangerous than commonly thought.
D. Lightning starts inside a thunderstorm and travels through the cloud.
E. There are two ways that flashes can strike ground: downward and upward.
F. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin proved that lightning was made up of electricity.
G. It travels from a storm cloud to the ground at a rate of 200,000 miles per hour.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是闪电及闪电对人们的生命和财产造成的威胁。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Lightning or a bolt of lightning is what we all call the bright flashes of light that come out of the clouds during a thunderstorm. (闪电或一道闪电是我们对雷雨期间从云层中发出的明亮的闪光的称呼。)”可知，上文介绍了什么是闪电，A项意为“它通常伴随着雷声。”，选项承接上文，继续介绍闪电，且选项中的“It”代指上文的“Lightning”，即闪电通常伴随着雷声。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Three thousand years ago, the Greeks thought that lightning bolts came from an angry god. (三千年前，希腊人认为闪电来自愤怒的上帝。)”可知，上文介绍了古时候人们对闪电的由来的猜测，F项意为“1752年，本杰明·富兰克林证明了闪电是由电构成的。”，选项能够承接上文，介绍了现代科学家对闪电由来的科学说明。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“The lightning you see during a summer thunderstorm is called cloud-to-ground. (在夏季雷雨期间，你所看到的闪电被称为“云对地”。)”可知，上文介绍了夏季雷雨期间的“云对地”闪电，G项意为“它以每小时200000英里的速度从风暴云中移动到地面。”，选项能够承接上文，介绍了“云对地”的速度，选项中的“from a storm cloud to the ground”和上文的“cloud-to-ground”相呼应。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Skyscrapers and things that are tall may be hit many times during a single storm, and staying under a tall tree can be very dangerous. (摩天大楼和高大的东西在一场风暴中可能会被多次击中，并且待在一棵大树下可能非常危险。)”可知，下文介绍了哪些地方是容易被闪电击中的地方，B项意为“闪电经常击中同一个地方。”，选项能够引起下文，下文介绍的正是容易被闪电击中的地方。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Lightning bolts cause the greatest threat to life and property (财产). (闪电对生命和财产造成最大的威胁。)”可知，本段介绍的是闪电会对生命和财产造成极大威胁，C项意为“它们比人们通常认为的更危险。”，选项能够承接上文，进一步描述闪电对生命和财产造成的威胁的严重性，且下文“In America, about 100 people are killed by lightning each year. (在美国，每年大约有100人死于闪电。)”正是对威胁严重性的举例。故选C。
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A. B、C. D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It is indeed true that age is not a barrier (障碍) to learning. Priscilla Sitienei, a 90-year-old woman, has ____21____ it and is an inspiration to all of us who tend to give up so ____22____.
Priscilla, as a young girl, did not have the ____23____ to read and write. What she could not do then did not stop her from dreaming and ____24____ making those dreams come true. She has ____25____ Leaders Vision Preparatory School in her village in Kenya for the past five years. What is even more ____26____ is that she goes to school with her great-grandchildren! She says that she has big____27____ and that she'd like to be able to ____28____ the Bible (圣经). She also wants to ____29____ children to receive schooling and to follow their ____30____.
Her day at school is the same as any other student's. She wears her ____31____ to school and attends English, Maths, Drama, Singing, Physical Education, and Dance classes. Above that, she lives in one of the school dormitories, where she____32____ the room with her great-great-grandchild. All pupils ____33____ her and want to play with her. She sets an example to those who have ____34____ and think they are too old to get ____35____. She says, "Well, I am at school, and so should you!"
21. A. experienced B. proved C. fought D. postponed
22. A. bravely B. slowly C. easily D. certainly
23. A. ability B. courage C. opportunity D. talent
24. A. sticking to B. taking to C. imagining D. risking
25. A. cared for B. attended C. studied D. visited
26. A. beautiful B. frightening C. interesting D. intelligent
27. A. difficulty B. issues C. creativity D. goals
28. A. read B. write C. buy D. design
29. A. warn B. inspire C. recommend D. challenge
30. A. teachers B. curiosity C. dreams D. audience
31. A. uniform B. glasses C. clothes D. hat
32. A. exchanges B. rents C. selects D. shares
33. A. ignore B. help C. love D. attack
34. A. students B. kids C. friends D. parents
35. A. paid B. educated C. moved D. noticed
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。90岁的Priscilla Sitienei通过自己回校园学习的故事，告诉那些有孩子的老年人，要活到老学到老。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：90岁的Priscilla Sitienei已经证明了这一点，并激励了我们这些容易放弃的人。A. experienced经历；B. proved证明；C. fought打架；D. postponed推迟。根据前一句“It is indeed true that age is not a barrier (障碍) to learning. (年龄确实不是学习的障碍。)”可知，90岁的Priscilla Sitienei已经证明了年龄确实不是学习的障碍。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. bravely勇敢地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. easily容易地；D. certainly肯定地。结合常识可知，随着年龄的增加，我们很多人会很容易地放弃我们的学习。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Priscilla，作为一个年轻的女孩，没有机会阅读和写作。A. ability能力；B. courage勇气；C. opportunity机会；D. talent才能。根据后文“What she could not do then ”可知，Priscilla年轻时没有机会上学。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：她当时做不到的事情并没有阻止她梦想，并坚持让这些梦想成真。A. sticking to坚持；B. taking to喜欢；C. imagining想象；D. risking冒险。根据前文“What she could not do then did not stop her from dreaming”可知，过去做不到的事情，并没有阻止她追逐梦想，由此可知，因为她的坚持让梦想成真了。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的五年里，她一直在肯尼亚她所在的村子里的 Leaders Vision Preparatory 学校上学。A. cared for关心，照顾；B. attended参加，上(学)； C. studied学习，研究；D. visited参加。根据后文“Leaders Vision Preparatory School”可知，表示上学需用动词attend。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更有趣的是，她和她的曾孙们一起上学!A. beautiful漂亮的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. interesting有趣的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据后文“she goes to school with her great-grandchildren! ”可知，对于Priscilla来说，和曾孙们一起上学是一件有趣的事情。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说她有远大的目标，她希望能够读懂圣经。 A. difficulty困难；B. issues问题；C. creativity创造性；D. goals目标。根据后文“she'd like to be able to …the Bible (圣经). ”可知，她有很多远大的目标。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. read阅读；B. write写；C. buy购买； D. design设计。根据空后“the Bible (圣经)”可知，此处需用动词read，表示阅读圣经。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还希望鼓励孩子们接受教育，追寻自己的梦想。A. warn警告；B. inspire启发；C. recommend推荐；D. challenge挑战。根据空后“children to receive schooling”可知，Priscilla想通过自己的经历鼓励孩子们接受教育。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. teachers老师；B. curiosity好奇；C. dreams梦想；D. audience观众。根据前文“making those dreams come true. ”可知，Priscilla也希望孩子们像她一样追逐梦想。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她穿着校服上学，上英语、数学、戏剧、唱歌、体育和舞蹈课。A. uniform校服；B. glasses眼镜；C. clothes衣服；D. hat帽子。根据常识可知，上学需要穿校服。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除此之外，她住在学校的一间宿舍里，她和她的曾曾孙住在一起。A. exchanges交换；B. rents租用；C. selects选择；D. shares分享。根据空后“the room with her great-great-grandchild.”可知，Priscilla与曾曾孙共享一个房间，住一起。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的学生都喜欢她，想和她一起玩。A. ignore忽视；B. help帮助；C. love喜欢；D. attack攻击。根据后文“ want to play with her. ”可知，孩子们喜欢Priscilla，所以他们都想和她玩。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她为那些有孩子的人树立了榜样，他们认为自己太老了，无法接受教育。A. students学生；B. kids孩子；C. friends朋友；D. parents父母。根据后文“they are too old ”可知，Priscilla自己的经历给那些已经有孩子的老年人树立了榜样。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. paid付款的；B. educated受过教育的；C. moved感动的；D. noticed被注意的。根据空后“ She says, "Well, I am at school, and so should you!"可知，Priscilla希望那些有孩子的老年人也可以接受教育。故选B。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2005, Tanya Pinto, a young businesswoman in the US, paid a visit ____36____ her birthplace, India. There she traveled and spent three months ____37____ (volunteer) to do something for children in great need. The experience was life changing. ____38____ that's why she started Baal Dan Charities, meaning "Helping children."
At first, Baal Dan provided street children with clothes. Later, food, medicine, schoolbooks, and some education ____39____ (give) to orphanages, schools and local projects. Tanya got first donations(捐赠) from friends and co-workers and today, more people come to her help out of ____40____ (kind).
It is a great job. At a care center, two boys, ____41____ Tanya's charity had helped, recognized her and eagerly told her they were doing well after they were rescued from the streets. In the years ____42____(come), Tanya hopes to do more. “I will take them to the zoo, the park or for an outing. And I'll do things that are really fun ____43____ (activity), because I like to bring some fun into their poor life," says Tanya.
What Tanya does is ____44____ (inspire). If you're not rich or famous, you can still do something to help make ____45____ better world.
【答案】36. to 37. volunteering
38. And 39. were given
40. kindness
41. who##whom
42. to come
43. activities
44. inspiring
45. a
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国年轻女商人创办慈善机构并鼓舞了许多人的故事。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：2005年，美国年轻女商人坦娅·平托访问了她的出生地印度。根据上文的“paid a visit”可知，此处填介词to构成pay a visit to短语表示“拜访某地”。故填to。
【37题详解】
考查动名词。句意：她在那里旅行，花了三个月时间志愿为急需帮助的孩子们做些事情。根据上文的“spent three months ”可知，此处用spend time (in) doing sth句型，表示在“某方面花费……时间做某事”，其中in可以省略。故填volunteering。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：这就是她创办巴尔丹慈善机构的原因，意思是“帮助儿童”。分析上下文句意可知，空格处前后句之间是顺承关系，所以用and表顺承关系,位于句首时首字母要大写，故填 And。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：后来，食品、药品、教科书和一些教育被提供给了孤儿院、学校和地方项目。根据上文的“provided”可知，此句时态应该用一般过去时，再分析句意可知，此处应该用被动语态，且本句主语为复数。故填were given。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：坦娅从朋友和同事那里得到了第一笔捐款，今天，更多的人出于好意前来帮助她。根据提示词和空格前的out of可知，介词of后面跟名词kindness，构成短语out of kindness表示“出于好意”。故填kindness。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在一家护理中心，坦娅的慈善机构帮助的两个男孩认出了她，并急切地告诉她，他们从街上获救后情况很好。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词two boys是人，且在定语从句里面作helped的宾语，所以用关系代词who/whom来引导。故填who/whom。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在未来的几年里，坦娅希望做得更多。分析句意可知，处用动词不定式作后置定语，表“即将到来”的几年。故填to come。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：我会做一些真正有趣的活动，因为我喜欢给他们贫穷的生活带来一些乐趣。根据上文的that are可知，此处用名词的复数形式作表语。故填activities。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：坦娅所做的事情令人鼓舞。分析句式结构可知，此处用形容词做表语，因为主语是事情，所以用inspiring表示“令人鼓舞的”。故填inspiring。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果你不富有或不出名，你仍然可以做一些事情来帮助创造一个更美好的世界。分析句意可知，此处用不定冠词泛指“一个更好的时节”，better发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a限定。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共三节,满分40分)
第一节 完成句子(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)
46. That way, you’ll ________ your time at senior high.
这样，你就可以充分利用你的高中时光了。
【答案】make the most/best of
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意，空处应填“充分利用”，可用短语make the most/best of，you’ll是you will的缩写，will后接动词原形形式。故填make the most/best of。
47. The digital age also ________ people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument.
数字时代还能使得我们找到志趣相投的人——例如收集汽车模型或演奏不寻常的乐器。
【答案】enables us to find
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。根据句中share使用动词原形形式可知，句子使用一般现在时，描述现在的一般性情况，根据句意，空处应填“能使得我们找到”，可用短语enable sb. to do sth.，表示“使某人能够做某事”，主语The digital age 是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式enables，使用代词的宾格形式us作动词enable的宾语，find表示“找到”。故填enables us to find。
48. We need to ________ that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.
我们需要牢记在心，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真面目。
【答案】keep in mind/keep it in mind
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。“牢记......”用keep in mind that+句子，其中that从句是宾语从句，或是keep it in mind that+句子，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that从句，由前面的need可知，need to do是固定搭配，表示“需要做”，所以动词keep放在不定式后面，应用原形，故填keep in mind或keep it in mind。
49. A team of scientists ________ Professor Eli has now found the answer to the migration of the monarch butterfly.
一支由伊菜教授领导的科学家团队现已找到了黑脉金斑蝶迁徙的答案。
【答案】led by
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。分析句子结构可知，“______Professor Eli”是非谓语动词做后置定语，“由......领导”应用固定搭配be led by，所以此处应用过去分词led做后置定语，故填led by。
50. Building the terraces therefore meant that they could increase the areas ________ they could grow rice.
因此，建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻种植的面积。
【答案】in which/where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“areas”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句，或用“介词in+关系代词which”引导从句，即“they could grow rice in the areas”。故填in which/where。
51. The letters were also beautifully illustrated – each ________ its true author, Tolkien, a long time to complete.
信里还配有精美的插图——它们真正的作者托尔金一定花了很长时间去完成每一幅画作。
【答案】must have taken
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。结合语意，空处表示“一定花费”，应用情态动词表示对过去的推测，应用must have done结构，sth. takes sb. some time to do表示“某物花费某人时间去做”，所以空处应用must have taken。故填must have taken。
52. As a construction worker, there is nothing ________ a big meat dinner when I get back home.
作为一名建筑工人，当我下班回到家里，没有什么比一顿肉食大餐更让人满意了。
【答案】more satisfying than
【解析】
【详解】考查比较级。结合句意表示“比……更让人满意”可知短语为more satisfying than。故填more satisfying than。
53. Eating out may change the form of the tradition in celebrating the Spring Festival, but the love between the family members ________.
在外面吃年夜饭可能会改变传统的庆祝春节的形式，但是家人之间的爱依然没变。
【答案】remains the same
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，but前后连接两个句子，在but后面的句子中，“依然没变”用remain the same，动词remain是谓语动词，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是the love(爱)是第三人称单数，所以remain应用三单形式remains，故填remains the same。
54. Football is fun enough ________ millions of people.
足球的精彩程度足以吸引数百万的人。
【答案】to attract
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。“吸引”应用动词attract，且“sth.+be+形容词+to do”是固定句型，表示“某物做......是......”。故填to attract。
55. This is a programme run by The Gorilla Organization to raise money to save the world’s last remaining gorillas from ________
这是一个由大猩猩保护组织举办的活动，旨在筹集资金保护世界上仅存的大猩猩免于灭绝。
【答案】dying out
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词和动词短语。对比中英文句意可知，空处需表示“灭绝”之意，die out灭绝，动词短语，符合题意；介词from后需接动名词作宾语。故填dying out。
第二节(满分15分)
56. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友John想要参加学校的中国文化周，因此写信向你询问中国传统节日的情况。请你给他写一封回信介绍一下中国的春节。内容包括：
1.表达写信目的；
2.介绍春节的准备工作和欢庆活动。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】Dear John,
In your letter, you asked me about Chinese traditional festivals. Now I would like to tell you something about the most important festival in China—the Spring Festival.
A few days before the festival, houses are cleaned and red couplets are put up. People set off firecrackers during the festival. Besides, presents and big dinners are prepared to celebrate the happy reunion of family and relatives. They have dumplings and enjoy the Spring Festival Gala on Lunar New Year’s Eve. Customs may vary from place to place, but the same happy atmosphere is to be found everywhere in the country.
I hope my introduction to Spring Festival could be helpful to you.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的美国朋友John想要参加学校的中国文化周，因此写信向你询问中国传统节日的情况。请你给他写一封回信介绍一下中国的春节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
张贴：post→put up
重要的：vital→important
礼物：gift→present
此外：in addition→besides
2.句式拓展
并列句变复合句
原句：Customs may vary from place to place, but the same happy atmosphere is to be found everywhere in the country.
拓展句：Although customs may vary from place to place, the same happy atmosphere is to be found everywhere in the country.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides, presents and big dinners are prepared to celebrate the happy reunion of family and relatives. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2] Customs may vary from place to place, but the same happy atmosphere is to be found everywhere in the country. (运用了but连接并列句)
第三节(满分15分)
57. 阅读下面短文，根据所给内容续写一段文字，使之构成一个完整的故事。开头已给出。.
Friday nights were usually fine.
The window was open. Outside, in the garden, the flowers were at their best thanks to Grandfather’s care and patience.
In the living room, Grandfather and Father were playing chess when Dean came up hesitantly saying that he decided to play in a band rather than go to university.
Raising his eyes, Father turned around and laughed. “You can’t be serious, my son! Is making music a job? What about your future career as a lawyer?”
Dean stood longer and firmly replied it was music that he was really interested in and he would never leave it behind.
Father sighed, trying hard to hold back his anger. He repeated his usual ideas that his son should take advantage of what he had achieved as a successful and respectable lawyer.
Then Grandfather rose, stepped between Father and Dean, but failed to calm them down.
Dean froze with watery eyes. Then he rushed into his own rom, leaving the topic to the other two.
注意：
1.续写词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After a while, Dean heard a knock at his door.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 After a while, Dean heard a knock at his door. He opened the door and Grandfather stood outside with a smile. Grandfather asked, “Do you really want to play in a band rather than go to university.” Dean wiped his tears and nodded. Grandfather said: “You should think carefully before you jump in with both feet. Why not take the lawyer as a profession and the band as a hobby?” Dean felt calm after listening to his grandfather. He said he was willing to try. Dean went out of the room, apologized to his father and said his decision. The father and son hugged each other. Grandfather felt happy, too.
【解析】
【分析】文章讲述了一个周五的晚上，一切都很美好，在客厅里，祖父和父亲正在下棋，迪恩犹豫地说他决定加入乐队而不是上大学。父亲笑了笑，认为迪恩在开玩笑，他认为迪恩应该成为一名律师。迪恩坚定地回答说他是认真的，父亲叹了口气，竭力忍住怒火，并再次重复他想让迪恩成为律师的想法。祖父站了起来，想让父子二人平静下来，但没有用，迪恩哭着冲进自己的房间。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由段落首句内容“过了一会儿，迪恩听到有人敲门。”可知，接下来的内容可以描写祖父对迪恩的劝解及他提出的建议，以及迪恩最后的决定。
2.续写线索：祖父安慰迪恩——祖父提出建议——迪恩接受建议——迪恩向父亲道歉——父子和解
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.擦干眼泪：wipe one’s tears/dry one’s eyes
②.试试，试一试：try/have a try
③.走出：go out of/walk out of
情绪类
①.平静的：calm/cool
②.高兴的：happy/glad
【点睛】[高分句型1]. You should think carefully before you jump in with both feet.（由before引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. He said he was willing to try.（由that引导的宾语从句，省略了that）
听力1-5 BCABC 6-10 BBCAE 11-15 CACBB 16-20ABAAC