初中英语中考复习 专题02-代词-2023年中考英语知识清单（通用版）（原卷版）

专题02-代词

2023年中考英语知识清单（通用版）

1. 人称代词

人称代词是表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”等的词，有人称、数和格的变化。

人称代词的用法：

1）作主语（用主格）

We all like maths very much.

我们都很喜欢数学。

2）作宾语（用宾格）

Would you mind giving her a hand?

你能帮帮她吗？

I’m very pleased with it.

我对它很满意。

3）作表语（口语常用宾格）

Open the door, please. It’s me.

请打开门，是我。

注意：

两个或者两个以上的人称代词并列的时候，单数形式排列一般是：第二人称在前面，第三人称在中间，第一人称在后面。

如：

You, he and I are all your father’s students.

我、你和他都是你父亲的学生。

复数形式的排列一般是：第一人称在前面，第二人称在中间，第三人称在后面。

如：

We, you and they all go swimming after school.

我们、你们和他们放学后都去游泳。

如果表示承担错误和责任，一般把I最前面。

2. 物主代词

物主代词表示所有关系，它可以分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种形式。

名词性物主代词可以在句子中作主语、表语和宾语，相当于形容词性物主代词+名词。

如：

This isn’t my coat. Mine (=my coat) has been put in the classroom.

这不是我的大衣，我的（大衣）已经放在教室里了。

A student of his (= his students) has gone to America.

他的一个学生去美国了。

形容词性物主代词在句子中作定语，后面接名词。

如：

This is my book.

这是我的书。

3. 反身代词

表示“某人自己”的代词，叫反身代词，也叫自身代词。反身代词在句子中可以作宾语、表语和同位语，需要注意反身代词与所指代的名词或代词在人称、性别和数上保持一致。

反身代词的构成是：第一人称和第二人称是“物主代词＋-self/selves”，第三人称是“宾格代词＋-self/selves”；单数形式是加-self，复数形式是加-selves。

重点记忆下面的短语：

by＋oneself　 某人独自

enjoy oneself＝have a good time 玩得开心

teach oneself 自学

help oneself to… 随便吃、喝……

如：

Help ______ to some fish, children! 　

孩子们，随便吃点鱼吧。

解析：本空用反身代词的复数形式yourselves和动词help表示“请随便吃点鱼”的意思。这里的yourselves指代孩子们自己，所以用复数形式。

注意：

反身代词没有所有格形式，但是可以用形容词性物主代词+own表示所有格含义。

如：

Please retell the story, using your own words.

请用自己的话来复述这个故事。

4.不定代词

不定代词有： some (something，somebody，someone)，any (anything，anybody，anyone)， no (nothing，nobody，no one)， every (everything，everybody，everyone)，all，each，both，much，many，(a) little，(a) few，other(s)，another，none，one，either， neither等。

1）a few, a little, few, little

few和a few经常用来修饰或者代替可数名词；a little和little经常用来修饰或者代替不可数名词。a few和a little的意思是“有一点、有几个”，表示肯定的意义；few和little的意思是“很少、几乎没有”，表示否定的意义。

如：

We have a few friends here.

我们在这里有几个朋友。

There is a little water in my glass. Just have some, please.

我的杯子里有一点水。请喝点吧。

My father has few friends in the factory.

我的爸爸在这家工厂里几乎没有朋友。

There is little time left. We must hurry up.

几乎没有时间了，我们必须快点。

2）one，it，this，that

one可以泛指任何人和事物，可以用在形容词和指示代词this和that的后面代替上文提到的可数名词，它的复数形式是ones。

如：

－There are a lot of socks in the shop. What color do you want?

商店有许多袜子，你要什么颜色的？

－I want the red ones.

我要红色的。

it是指上文提到的或者下文将要提到的人、事物和情况。

如：

－Who is speaking out of the door?

谁在门外面说话？

－I don’t know. It may be your father.

我不知道。可能是你的爸爸。

this和that是指示代词，this一般用来指时间和空间上比较近的人或者事物。

如：

This is my father.

这是我的爸爸。

that一般用来指时间和空间上比较远的人或者事物。

如：

What’s that over there?

那是什么？

3）the other，others，the others，another

others 表示泛指其他的人或者事物（但不一定是剩下的全部）。

如：

Some boys are cleaning the door, some are sweeping the floor, and others are playing outside.

一些男孩在擦门，一些男孩在扫地，其他的在外面玩。

the others是表示在特定范围内的其他的人或者事物，它表示剩下的其他全部。

如：

Five students in my class are girls, the others are all boys.

我们班有5个学生是女生，其他的全部是男生。

another是指三个或者三个以上的范围中的“另一个”、“再/又一个”，修饰单数名词，如果与复数名词连用的时候，复数名词的前面必须有基数词，意思是“另外的”。

如：

This shirt is too big; I’ll try another.

这件衬衫太大了；我试件别的。　　

I want to have another two apples.

我想再要两个苹果。

the other是指两个中的另一个人或者事物，经常和one连用，构成one… the other结构，表示“（两个中）一个……， 另一个……”。

如：

He took a book in one hand, and a bag in the other.

他一只手拿着一本书，另一只手拿着一个包。

4）something, anything, nothing，everything

something的意思是“某些事物”，主要用于肯定句中；有时也用于疑问句中表示请求。

如：

The teacher wants to tell you something about the exam.

老师想要告诉你一些关于考试的事情。

Would you like something to eat?

你想吃点什么吗？

everything的意思是“每件事物”，主要用于肯定句中，在否定句中表示部分否定。

如：

Your teacher has already told me everything about your family.

你的老师把你家庭的一切事情都告诉了我。

I don’t know everything about him.

我并不知道他的每一件事。

anything的意思是“任何事物”，主要用在否定句和疑问句中。

如：

Do you have anything to do tonight?

你今天晚上有什么事情要做吗？

Our teacher didn’t say anything at the meeting.

我们的老师在会议上什么也没有说。

nothing的意思是“没有任何事物”，是表示否定意义的不定代词。

如：

I did nothing for your exam.

对你的考试我什么事情也没有做。

注意：形容词修饰something, anything, everything, nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。

如：I have something important to deal with. 我有重要的事要处理。

5）all，both，either，neither，none

all表示三者或者三者以上都如何。它的否定词是none，意思为“没有一个”。

如：

We'll all come here to help you.

我们大家都会来帮助你。

None of us can answer his question.

我们中没有一个人能回答他的问题。

both是表示两者之间的人或者事物都如何。它的否定词是neither。

如：

Both of my parents are farmers.

我的父母都是农民。

Neither of us are your teachers.

我们两个都不是你的老师。

either意思为“两者之间的任何一个”。

如：

I have two tickets. Either you or your brother can go with me.

我有两张票，你或者你的弟弟可以和我一起去。

6）many，much这两个单词是同义词，都表示“许多”的意思。

many的后面用可数名词的复数形式；

much用来修饰不可数名词。

如：

They have many friends in our school.

他们在我们的学校有很多朋友。

My sister has much homework to do tonight.

我妹妹今天晚上有许多家庭作业要做。

5.关系代词和疑问代词

1）关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which，as等，可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等；另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词（通称为先行词）。

如：

He is the man whom you have been looking for.

他就是你要找的那个人。

2）疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词都可用作连接代词，引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句）

如：

Tell me who he is.

告诉我他是谁。

6.牛刀小试

1．（2022·吉林·长春市第一〇八学校模拟预测）—Hi, Tony, do you learn________ in the sports club?   

—Yes, I learn a lot about basketball.

A．something new B．new something C．anything new D．new anything

2．（2022·江苏·仪征市第三中学模拟预测）—Which of the twins would you choose to go with you?

—________. Allen and Roy are strong boys. But I just need one of them to help.

A．Both B．Either C．None D．Neither

3．（2022·江苏·仪征市第三中学模拟预测）—Who is the baby in the picture?

—Oh, ________ is my lovely sister.

A．it B．she C．he D．they

4．（2022·湖北·阳新县富川中学模拟预测）—Mount Xisai（西塞山）is not far from the National Mining Park（国家矿山公园）, so you can easily visit ________ in a day.

—Fantastic! I can’t wait for it .

A．none B．all C．both D．either

5．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）—Lucy, is this ________ dictionary?

—No, it isn’t. ________ is in my bag.

A．your; Yours B．my; Mine C．your; Mine D．my; Hers

6．（2022·江苏·苏州市平江中学校一模）You are who you are. There will never be ________ person who is exactly like you.

A．the other B．others C．the others D．another

7．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）The Internet makes _________ lives easier, but it sometimes brings trouble to __________ students.

A．we; us B．us; we C．our; us D．ours; we

8．（2022·湖北·阳新县富川中学模拟预测）We’ve decided to make ________ a rule for us roommates to turn off the lights at 10:30 p.m. this term.

A．it B．this C．that D．one

9．（2022·山东济南·模拟预测）—Are these books ________, Helen?

—Yes. I’m looking for them. Thank you.

A．his B．yours C．hers D．your

10．（2022·江苏·苏州市吴江区青云中学模拟预测）My computer doesn’t work again, but my brother can help me ________.

A．fix them up B．fix up them C．fix it up D．fix up it

11．（2022·江苏·南通田家炳中学模拟预测）— How do you find your classmates?

— Most are kind, but ________ of them is good to me as Cathy.

A．each B．none C．either D．neither

12．（2022·广西·中考真题）I always believe that there isn’t ________ difficult if we set our mind to do it.

A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing

13．（2022·江苏·苏州市振华中学校模拟预测）— Have you got an iPhone 13 yet?

— No, now many people say no to it because of ________ high price and limited supply.

A．it has B．its C．it’s D．itself

14．（2022·广西·中考真题）The mother encourages her little son to learn to look after ________ .

A．hers B．herself C．his D．himself

15．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）________ is our duty to make our country better and stronger.

A．It B．This C．That D．One

16．（2022·江苏·苏州市吴江区青云中学模拟预测）—Amazing! Lily got the highest mark in Math exam last week.

—________ is impossible. She studies really hard this term.

A．Anything B．Nothing C．Everything D．Something

17．（2022·云南·盈江县教育体育局教育科研中心模拟预测）I invite Tom and his sister to go on a picnic with me, but ________ of them wants to go because they have too much work to do.

A．all B．either C．neither D．none

18．（2022·云南普洱·模拟预测）Nobody helps Lisa, so she studies math by ________.

A．she B．her C．himself D．herself

19．（2022·重庆九龙坡·模拟预测）Tom has bought ________ for his grandfather as his eightieth birthday present.

A．unusual something B．something unusual

C．unusual anything D．anything unusual

20．（2022·江苏扬州·二模）—Which coat do you want, the black one or the purple one?

—________. I need a pair of shoes, in fact.

A．None B．No one C．Nothing D．Neither

21．（2022·山东滨州·中考真题）—We are in times of difficulty at present.

—As long as we pull together, success must belong to ________.

A．we B．us C．our D．ours

22．（2022·吉林省第二实验学校模拟预测）There is __________ you can do to solve this problem but wait.

A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything

23．（2022·辽宁辽宁·中考真题）Students should learn some living skills to take good care of ________.

A．herself B．himself C．yourselves D．themselves

24．（2022·广西玉林·中考真题）—Do you know ________ about the four classic novels of Chinese literature (文学)?

—Yes, I learn ________ interesting about Journey to the west.　　

A．anything; anything B．something; anything

C．something; something D．anything; something

25．（2022·广西·环江毛南族自治县教育局二模）—Jenny, is this book ________?     

—Yes, it’s ________ book.

A．yours; mine B．your; mine C．your, my D．yours; my

26．（2022·内蒙古包头·模拟预测）—How many tourists are there in Xi You World of Adventure?

—________. Because it is closed these days.

A．Nothing B．No one C．None D．Neither

27．（2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）These two boys enjoy reading. They are talking about ________ favorite writers.

A．they B．them C．their D．theirs

28．（2022·辽宁·营口市老边区实验中学模拟预测）When we meet with difficulties, we can smile at ________ in front of the mirror to cheer us up.

A．us B．our C．ours D．ourselves

29．（2022·辽宁·丹东市第十九中学二模）Robert went to ________ city yesterday and he’ll be back in a week.

A．other B．the other C．another D．any other

30．（2022·湖北荆州·中考真题）—Is the girl in a red skirt your sister?

—Yes. ________ favorite color is red.

A．Her B．She C．His D．He

31．（2022·辽宁·营口市老边区实验中学模拟预测）—Lily, which one do you prefer, the red skirt or the blue skirt?

—________. I like the white one because it suits me best.

A．Both B．None C．Either D．Neither

32．（2022·贵州黔东南·二模）—It’s very hot today.

—Yes, the weather is much hotter than ________ in my hometown.

A．it B．that C．one D．those

33．（2022·云南昆明·模拟预测）—What’s wrong with the boy?

—It seems that he has a stomachache. He doesn’t feel like ________.

A．to eat something B．eating something

C．to eat anything D．eating anything

34．（2022·内蒙古包头·模拟预测）—Who is at the door?

—I’m not sure. A deliveryman (快递员) or ________ wanting to sell his new products.

A．someone B．anyone C．everybody D．no one

35．（2022·云南昆明·二模）Mom, I’m hungry, please give me ________ to eat.

A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything

36．（2022·广西梧州·二模）—I can’t find my dictionary. May I use ________, Betty?

—Sorry, I don’t have one.

A．yours B．his C．hers D．theirs

37．（2022·辽宁·铁岭县莲花第一初级中学模拟预测）Don’t believe_______ on the Internet, some information will not be true.

A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything

38．（2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）We took pride in _________ when we succeeded in reaching the top of the mountain finally.

A．we B．us C．our D．ourselves

39．（2022·甘肃省庆城县凤城初级中学模拟预测）—Are these Grace’s erasers?

—No, they aren’t ________ erasers. ________ are on the desk.

A．her; Her B．hers; Her C．her; Hers D．she; Her

40．（2022·湖北武汉·一模）—Which shirt do you want to take, blue or black?

—I’ll take one of ________. Please pack them for me.

A．both B．all C．each D．either

41．（2022·广西贺州·模拟预测）Mike’s uncle is ________ English teacher. We all like ________.

A．our; he B．our; him C．we ; he D．we; him

42．（2022·贵州黔东南·二模）—There used to be few fish in the Qingshui River.

—Yes, but there are ________ now.

A．little B．much C．few D．many

43．（2022·吉林· 模拟预测）—Shall we go shopping tomorrow afternoon?

—Sorry, I won’t. Let’s make it ________ day.

A．other B．others C．another D．any

44．（2022·吉林·乾安县教师进修学校一模）—Would you like some tea or coffee?

—________. Thanks. I’ve had enough.

A．Either B．Both C．Some D．Neither

45．（2022·广西梧州·中考真题）—Which club have you joined, the art club or the football club?

—________. I joined the basketball club.

A．Both B．None C．Either D．Neither

46．（2022·湖南邵阳·中考真题）— Whose bike is this? Don’t put it here.

— Oh, it’s not mine. it’s ________.

A．her B．she C．hers

47．（2022·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）With lights, people can do as ________ things in the evenings as they can in the daytime.

A．few B．little C．many D．much

48．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）Daming is busy making a list of things for________ camping trip now.

A．he B．his C．him D．himself

49．（2022·广西河池·中考真题）— Dad, I’m afraid I can’t do well in my math test tomorrow.

— Don’t worry. Believe in ________.

A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself

50．（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）Learning is a life-long journey, for it brings us ________ new every day.

A．everything B．nothing C．anything D．something