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初中英语中考复习 秘籍14 任务型阅读-2020年中考英语抢分秘籍（解析版）
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这是一份初中英语中考复习 秘籍14 任务型阅读-2020年中考英语抢分秘籍（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了 答题形式符合提问形式， 仔细检查， 确保答案， 信息获取题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
秘笈14 任务型阅读
考向1 任务型阅读之还原句子
还原句子的文章一般为200—250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：
1. 学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。
2. 学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
二、满分技巧
1. 解题步骤
（1）读选项，画关键词，暗排序。
（2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。
（3）先易后难来解题。
（4）回读文章定答案。
2. 得分技巧
（1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。
（2）盯紧横线的前后词语。
通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：
1. 养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能， 处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40—50个词为宜。
2. 解题技巧
通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
1. 如果问题设在段首
（1）通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。
（2）与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。
（3）段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 如果问题设在段尾
（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
（2）通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore， as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
（3）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
（4）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。
（5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。
考向2 任务型阅读之回答问题
分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200－260词， 一般情况下，每篇文章设5个问题， 其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多， 少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。
解题技巧：
1. 认真审题， 明确题目要求。
首先阅读题目， 明确题目中的关键词， 在阅读文章前对所要回答的问题有所了解。
2. 快速浏览文章， 规范答题。
回答问题型任务型阅读需要利用题干中关键词， 寻找文章中对应的关键词， 在对应词周围寻找答案或者直接在文章中搜索答案。带着审题时对文章大意的了解以及问题快速浏览文章， 以最快的速度在文章相对应的位置寻找相关信息。
3. 答题形式符合提问形式。
不同的提问方式需要不同形式的回答， 在答案简洁的基础上还要注意结构的完整。一般疑问句要用yes或no作答；特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。
4. 仔细检查， 确保答案。
完成所有答题后， 需要再次速读一遍文章， 核对答案， 确保答案的正确性。需要注意， 有些题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在原文的基础上， 结合题目要求进行时态、语态、人称的转换；有些需要进行归纳总结， 把正确答案重新组织语言表达出来。
考向3 任务型阅读之完成句子或表格
命题趋势：
分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，完成表格型阅读的话题通常是与日常生活息息相关，包括观点建议类、介绍类、文化风俗类、环境保护类、饮食与健康类及科普知识类。词数为200—260词。文章以表格形式设空，设5空。至少4道题的答案可以在文中直接找出，有1道题需要总结概括，如文章的标题或某一段的小标题。文体以记叙文和说明文为主。
解题技巧：
解答此类题型， 需要按照＂查表→析文→填表＂的思路进行：
1. 查表。阅读表格， 分析表格的项目内容和结构特征， 从而把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏和表格前的小标题， 这样有助于理解文章大意。
2. 析文。快速浏览全文， 把握文章大意；再仔细阅读文章内容， 找准细节定位。阅读文章是， 要利用多种阅读技巧， 对文章进行全面理解。
3. 填表。进行填表。多数题目的答案可以在文章中直接找出；少数题目需要在分析原文的基础上， 结合题目对文章进行理解归纳答案；还需注重书写习惯， 多注意大小写的运用。
考向4 任务型阅读之综合任务
命题趋势：
近几年，任务型阅读这一新题型逐步进入中考题。任务型阅读主要考查学生实际运用语言的能力。它要求学生在阅读理解的基础上完成某些任务，考查学生的判断推理能力。
一、题型特点
1. 命题灵活，题型多样。
一般阅读理解题型多采用选择题，题型单一。任务型阅读题则可以通过一篇短文或一幅图表要求学生完成多项任务，命题人可以随心所欲地设计出多种题型，考查学生多方面的能力。
2. 贴近生活，凸显交际。
任务型阅读重在考查用英语解决实际问题的能力，学生需在任务的引导下开展阅读，其问题设置不仅具有真实性、情境性，而且也体现出一定的开放性。这样的设问形式贴近学生使用语言的现实生活情景，学生完成任务的过程既是分析问题、解决问题的过程，也是运用语言进行交际的过程。
3. 读写结合，重视输出。
任务型阅读改变了过去阅读理解单向的信息输入，侧重主动的信息输出，要求学生整合短文中的相关信息，然后根据题目要求回答问题或完成图表，综合性很强。
4. 语言精练，高度概括。
任务型阅读题目要求学生填表或给文章拟标题时一般都有一定的字数限制，要求学生在正确把握原文的基础上，充分运用自己所学语言，重新整合信息，运用规范、概括的文字准确无误地表达出来。
二、题型分类
综观近年来的任务型阅读题，我们可以归纳出以下五类考点：
1. 中心归纳题
中心归纳题属于综合概括题，主要位于表格的标题处。这类题要求考生在弄懂全文的内容后，抓住文章的中心，然后对中心进行高度浓缩、概括，从而成为统领全文的标题。由于词数被限制在几个单词以内，因此这类题难度较大。考生必须具备对文章进行综合分析、归纳概括以及准确表达的能力。这类试题在考题中通常只占1题。
2. 段意概括题
段意概括题属于分析表达题，主要位于表格的左边栏。这类题主要考查考生对文章体裁、结构的认识及用语言文字的表达能力。如果文章是说明文，那么它的主题是什么？它的目的是什么？作者用什么方式、从哪几个方面进行介绍、说明的？作者通过介绍、说明得出了什么样的结论？作者提出了什么样的建议或希望？如果文章是议论文，那么文章的论点是什么？作者用什么方法、从哪些方面进行论证的？最后得出了什么样的结论？对于考生来说，这类试题有一定的难度，考生必须平时注意对文章进行分析，同时还应多熟记一些概括性的词汇，如：purpose/aim/goal; topic/theme; suggestion/advice; type/kind; way/means/method; effect/result; cause/reason; feature/characteristic; function/use; comment/assessment等。这类试题在考题中一般占2―3题。
3. 功能理解题
功能理解题属于理解表达题。这类题主要考查考生对句子、信息在文章中所起作用的理解。考生不能只停留在对句子字面意思的理解，而应该透过现象抓住句子、信息的本质，即它与前后信息的联系，它们之间究竟是什么样的关系，如因果、条件、让步、比较等。这类试题在考题中通常占2―3题。
4. 信息压缩及改写题
信息压缩及改写题属于活用题。考生只要通读全文，就能在文章中找到与试题相关的信息，但是由于所给的信息往往过长，考生必须对这些信息进行再次加工，将信息压缩、改写成不超过三个单词的短语。如The boy is eight years old这一信息可考虑改写为an eight-year-old boy。这类试题在考题中占2—3题。
5. 信息获取题
信息获取题属于基础题。考生一边阅读文章就能一边从文章中直接找出试题的相关信息，并且不需要任何加工就可将它直接作为试题的答案。这类试题在考题中占2―3题。
任务型阅读之解题方法
1. 通读全文，掌握大意。
首先要通读全文，尤其注意首尾段及每段的首尾句。短文的首句和首段常常是作者要说明的对象、事件起因、作者要阐述的观点、事件发生的时间、地点与人物的联系等，结尾句、段是事件结论或作者要表达的意图、目的等。这样就容易抓住中心，为准确、迅速答题打下良好的基础。
2. 浏览试题，明确要求。
在理解了文章的大意及框架结构后，应开始深入理解文章内容，浏览一下短文所设计的任务，并细读与每一道题目相关的段落，然后根据文中的关键词句确定答案。
3. 整合信息，准确简洁。
任务型阅读题目重点考查学生的综合归纳能力，很多题目需要学生根据文章内容进行归纳、总结后才能回答，因此，在确定与题目有关的语句后，还要对有关信息进行整合才能确定答案。此外，给文章拟标题类题目对答案有词数限制，要求学生必须对信息进行压缩，用尽量少的词汇简洁地表达重要信息。
4. 复读全文，核对答案。
这是至关重要的一步。在此阶段中，要用全文的主题思想统帅各思考题，研究其内在的逻辑关系。审核时，要结合在阅读和答题中所得到的信息重新读短文，检查答案，看是否前后一致、意义和语言知识是否和原文相同，是否符合逻辑等。如果发现前后矛盾、遗漏要点等错误，要立即纠正。
考向5 任务型阅读之判断正误
一、任务型阅读理解题解读
任务型阅读理解测试主要考查考生在有限的时间内根据不同的人的不同需要捕捉到相应的有效信息的能力。任务型阅读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠，内容贴近现代社会生活，涉及学生生活、富有时代气息，语言原汁原味。
该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言＂做事＂的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。从某种意义上来说，这一题型的阅读理解实际上就是一道高水平的智能检测题——综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断、跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。如果考生心理承受力比较弱，或者应试时头脑一时不那么开窍，恐怕很快就会感觉犹如＂雾里看花＂，似它非它了；而且考生对某一题的错误判断会影响其对其他题目作出正确的分析和判断，产生曼延作用。
二、解题步骤
任务型阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系，该类的
＂对应＂可能是＂主旨对应＂，也可能是＂情节对应＂，还可以是＂细节对应＂等。同学们只要能够把握住这一原则就能轻松做好这种试题。
＂一一对应阅读方法＂的具体步骤如下：
第一步：认真阅读背景介绍，了解话题或主题。
第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。
第三：对照题目的要求，从选项中选出符合以上要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松找到正确的答案。
第四步：快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。
【注意】
还原句子常考点。平时练习多注意代词（如it，this，they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。
任务型阅读之解题注意事项
1、重视语言知识，抓好语言基本功。
＂任务型阅读＂属于读写并重的综合性试题，它增强了对语言知识的考查力度，从简单的填写单词到回答问题，都要求学生在词汇、句法、语法等方面具有扎实的基本功。因此，学生在日常学习中要以课程标准为依据，依托教材，扎扎实实地夯实自己的语言知识。
（1）丰富词汇知识，及时归纳拓展词汇的用法。
（2）讲解、分析各种句法，并通过多种形式的操练如：简单句和复合句之间的转换，更改句子主语，把几个简单句改写为一个简单句等形式，让学生能对基础知识举一反三，熟练运用。
（3）要在语境中呈现语法项目，并能灵活运用。
2、加强阅读训练，培养良好的阅读习惯。
（1）培养学生带着问题读文章的习惯。做阅读理解类题目时应结合文章后面所设问题进行阅读，边阅读边选出考察表层问题的答案，并确定与考察深层含义有关的段落，为之后的细读打下坚实的基础。
（2）培养学生整体把握篇章结构的能力。在阅读训练中，要注重整体阅读，加强文章结构的分析和理解训练。要引导学生分析文章结构，由篇章到层次到段落到细节，逐步分析，让学生学会总结中心思想、挖掘文章的要点及搞清作者的观点。同时，在尝试给文章添加标题的过程中，有效地训练学生整体把握篇章结构的能力。冰冻三尺非一日之寒。扎实的语言基础来自于平时严格的基本功训练和长期的知识积累。只要平时刻苦用功，打下扎实的英语知识基础，并掌握科学的答题方法，一定会攻克任务型阅读这类题目。
★题型概述
任务型阅读理解是中考必考题型之一，出题形式多样，常见题型有：根据短文内容来回答问题、还原句子、完成表格、判断正误和综合任务等。
★解题过程
阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息输出)。
★解题技巧
一、明确阅读任务。明确所给的任务，带着任务去阅读材料。
二、读全文，了解大意。了解文章主要内容、文章感情基调、作者的意图态度。
三、读细节，逐题攻克。寻找细节，从原文找答案。精读细节，理解深层含义。
四、通读全文，仔细检查。
★答题要求
一、把握文章的内在逻辑关系，以文章提供的事实和观点为依据，立足原文，推断未知。
二、在答题时，总的原则就是：能简略回答，尽量简略回答。
三、书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写；标点符号要规范；单词拼写要正确无误；单词书写要认真。
A
（2019·长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校初三月考）
People often think of the North Pole(北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen(冰冻的) wastelands. They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North and South Poles are not much alike as people may imagine.
The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32°F, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as -30°F.
Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to reach the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them.
There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic(北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is ①uninhabited. Few people can live in such a difficult place.
People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, ②this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water(水道) called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes.
1．请根据短文内容填空，每空1词。
There is no land but 1. _____ in the North Pole. The temperature there is always 2. _____ zero.
2．请根据短文内容回答问题。
When did Robert Peary and Mathew Henson arrive in the North Pole?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3．请根据文章内容列举人们徒步穿越北极圈面临的3种困难。
1. __________________________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________________________________________
4．请根据短文内容，猜测①处划线单词uninhabited的中文意思。将其字母代号填写 在答题卡上。_____
A．气候恶劣的 B．困难重重的 C．无人居住的
5．请从文中找出②处划线单词this所指代的内容。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
6．请为文章选择最佳标题。_____
A．The low temperature in the North Pole.
B．The real situation in the North Pole.
C．The thick ice in the North Pole.
【答案解析】
本文主要讲述的是人们常常认为北极和南极是相似的冰冻荒地。这两个地方的气温都很低，很少有人住在那里。然而，南北极并不像人们想象的那么相似以及向人们介绍北极的具体情况。
1. ice below 细节理解题。根据文中The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32°F, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as -30°F. 北极没有陆地，只有厚厚的冰层。温度很少超过32华氏度，在这个温度水会变成冰。大多数时候，它保持在零度以下。冬季气温通常低至零下30华氏度。
2. On March 8th, 1909. 细节理解题。根据文中A bout 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them.大约一百年前，Robert Peary和Mathew Henson两个人来到了这个充满麻烦和困难的环境。他们在1909年3月8日到达北极。对他们来说，这真是一次艰难的旅行。可知，这里填On March 8th, 1909.。
3．very cold temperatures sudden storms hunger 细节理解题。根据文中第四段There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic(北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is ①uninhabited. Few people can live in such a difficult place.没有什么比徒步穿越北极更危险的了。留在那里的人可能会面临许多问题:非常冷的温度，突然的风暴，甚至饥饿。大部分区域是①无人居住的。很少有人能住在这么困难的地方。可知，这里应该填：very cold temperatures，sudden storms，hunger。
4．C词义猜测题。根据后句Few people can live in such a difficult place.没有人能住在如此困难的一个地方可知，这里表示的是没有人居住，所以选择C。
5．The ice would be thick and hard. 词义猜测题。根据文中People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, ②this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface.人们可能会认为，在一年中大部分时间气温都这么低的情况下，冰会又厚又硬。然而,在北极②这不是真的。冰下海水的运动常常会引起海面上许多不同的变化。可知，这里的this指代的是前文中所提到的内容，是冰又厚又硬，所以应该填The ice would be thick and hard.。
6．B A. 北极的低温；B. 北极的真实情况；C. 北极的厚冰；根据文章内容可知，主要介绍的就是北极恶劣的环境以及在如此恶劣的环境下人们还想穿越北极，所以本题应该选择B。
B
（2019·达拉特旗第九中学初三一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Today’s smart-phones can do almost anything, but like all tools, they should be used wisely. Here are some problematic habits that smart-phone should avoid.
Imagine you’re rushing through a crowded subway station, late for an appointment. Suddenly someone is blocking your way, walking very slowly, fiddling（用手拨弄）with their smart-phone. You probably feel annoyed, but do you ever do the same thing? For your own safety, put the phone away while walking.
When you see someone who looks different, you may want to take a picture or a video. But recording people’s daily lives can be rude and hurtful. If you want a picture, ask for permission. Your friends may not mind you taking pictures of them. But ask before posting anything embarrassing online. Showing their mistakes for the world to see is sure to hurt your friendship. And once pictures are posted, they’re impossible to remove.
Smart-phone are great tools for communication. It’s common to see people sitting together, not speaking but looking quietly at their smart-phones. Real friendships require face-to-face interaction（互动）. Facial expressions and body language express far more than words.
As you smart-phone is always available, you always have something to do. But that may not be a good thing. Some say that unused time is necessary for creative thinking. So don’t spend every spare moment with your phone. Instead, see what great ideas you can think up.
Some habits that smart-phone should 1
Habits
Ways
2
Play the phone while walking.
Put the phone away.
You may be 3 somebody's way and get them angry.
You should keep yourself 4 .
Taking pictures or video of some 5 people and posting them online.
Ask for permission 6 .
It can be rude and hurtful to 7 people's daily lives.
Showing friends’ 8 for the world to see is sure to hurt your friendship.
Once pictures are posted, they're impossible to move.
Spending every spare moment with your phone.
Do some face-to-face interaction.
Do some 9 thinking.
Facial expressions and body language express far more than 10 .
【答案解析】
这篇短文主要讲述了如何恰当的使用手机。
1．avoid根据文中“Here are some problematic habits that smart-phone should avoid.” 以下是一些智能手机应该避免的问题习惯。可知，此处是“使用智能手机应该避免的一些问题”。avoid动词避免；故答案为avoid。
2．Results根据文中“Suddenly someone is blocking your way, walking very slowly, fiddling（用手拨弄）with their smart-phone. You probably feel annoyed, but do you ever do the same thing? For your own safety, put the phone away while walking.” 突然有人挡住了你的去路，走得很慢，摆弄着他们的智能手机。你可能觉得很生气，但你也做过同样的事吗？为了你自己的安全，边走边把电话收起来。可知，此处是“导致的结果”，这里用复数形式。Result名词，结果，此处用复数形式。根据题意，故答案为Results。
3．blocked根据文中“Suddenly someone is blocking your way, walking very slowly, fiddling（用手拨弄）with their smart-phone. You probably feel annoyed” 突然有人挡住了你的去路，走得很慢，摆弄着他们的智能手机。你可能觉得很生气。block动词，堵住；挡住。此处是含有情态动词的被动语态，may be done表示可能被……；此处用block的过去分词blocked。根据题意，故答案为blocked。
4．safety根据文中“For your own safety, put the phone away while walking.” 为了你自己的安全，边走边把电话收起来。短语keep yourself safety表示“保持你自己安全”。故答案为safety。
5．different根据文中“When you see someone who looks different, you may want to take a picture or a video.” 当你看到一个看起来不一样的人时，你可能想拍张照片或录像。此处是看到不同的人们，different+名词复数，表示“不同的……”。根据题意，故答案为different。
6．first根据文中“If you want a picture, ask for permission.” 如果你想要一张照片，请征得许可。可知“首先要征求同意”。first首先。根据句意，故答案为first。
7．record根据文中“But recording people’s daily lives can be rude and hurtful.” 但记录人们的日常生活可能是粗鲁和伤人的。be rude and hurtful to do sth.表示“做某事是粗鲁和有害的”。record动词，记录。根据题意，故答案为record。
8．mistakes根据文中“Showing their mistakes for the world to see is sure to hurt your friendship.” 向全世界展示他们的错误肯定会伤害你的友谊。此处是“展示你朋友的错误”。mistake名词，错误；此处用复数形式。根据题意，故答案为mistakes。
9．creative根据文中“Some say that unused time is necessary for creative thinking.” 有人说，未使用的时间是创造性思维所必需的。此处是“有创造性的思维”此处是形容词作定语。creative形容词，有创造性的。根据题意，故答案为creative。
10．words根据文中“Facial expressions and body language express far more than words.” 面部表情和肢体语言表达的远不止话语。此处是“面部表情和肢体语言和话语的比较”。word名词，话语，此处用名词复数。根据题意，故答案为words。
C
（2019·淄博市临淄区第一中学初三期中）
将短文后面的五项信息与段落进行匹配，并将段落序号填入括号中。
1 . Ping-pong ball is my favorite sport. I often play it and I play it very well.
2 . Miss Green is an English teacher. She is only twenty-five years old. Her English is very good.
3 . Ted is my brother. He likes eggs and pears for dinner.
4 . Sam is my brother. He wins first prize in the English speech contest.
5 . Linda likes going to the movies. She often goes to the movies with her father on weekends.
A．We need two English teachers. Is your English very good? Are you good with students? Please call us at 221-2112.
B．There will be a new movie this weekend at Sunshine Cinema. If you take your school ID card, you can pay only 2 yuan for it.
C．There will be an English speech contest at Xinghua Middle School. It can help you improve your English and help you make some friends. Come and join us!
D．Helen is going to watch a ping-pong match at 7:30 on Sunday evening.
E.My family like different kinds of food. My father likes noodles best. My mother likes rice very much. I like vegetables and fruit. We all like healthy food.
【答案解析】
本文主要介绍了五个内容，分别是：海伦的计划、招聘英语老师、饮食、英语演讲比赛和看电影。
1．D句意： 海伦打算星期天晚上七点半去看乒乓球比赛。根据后句内容“Ping-pong ball is my favorite sport. I often play it and I play it very well.”可知，此处内容与乒乓球相关。结合选项，故选D。
2．A句意：我们需要两位英语老师。你的英语很好吗？你和学生相处得好吗？请致电221-2112。根据后句内容“Miss Green is an English teacher. She is only twenty-five years old. Her English is very good.”可知，此处内容与英语老师相关。结合选项，故选A。
3．E句意：我的家人喜欢各种各样的食物。我爸爸最喜欢吃面条。我妈妈非常喜欢吃米饭。我喜欢蔬菜和水果。我们都喜欢健康的食物。根据后句内容“Ted is my brother. He likes eggs and pears for dinner.”可知，此处内容与饮食相关。结合选项，故选E。
4．C句意：兴化中学将举行英语演讲比赛。它可以帮助你提高你的英语，帮助你交一些朋友。来加入我们吧！根据后句内容“Sam is my brother. He wins first prize in the English speech contest.”可知，此处内容与英语演讲比赛相关。结合选项，故选C。
5．B句意：这个周末阳光电影院有一部新电影。如果你带着你的学生证，你只需付2元钱。根据后句内容“Linda likes going to the movies. She often goes to the movies with her father on weekends.”可知，此处内容与看电影相关。结合选项，故选B。
D
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
Why losing Kobe Bryant felt like losing a family or friend?
A basketball player named Kobe Bryant died on January 26. He died in a helicopter crash(直升机坠毁). His 13-year-old daughter, Gianna, also died in the crash, along with seven others.
People were very sad about it. This happened even if they had not met him. How do people feel sad over a stranger? Why do they think of Mr. Bryant as family? As a scientist, I am not surprised. I see why his death hurt some people.
1.Social Media Keeps Us Close
Scientists have looked at how people form ties with other people. These can be people we have not met. Still, we feel close to them. Many people are on social media. They follow celebrities(名人) online. They see the good and bad times of famous people. Fans can feel close to the people they follow on social media. Mr. Bryant had many followers online. He had many fans.
2. It Shouldn’t Have Happened That Way
Mr. Bryant’s death seemed extra sad. This can make people think “what if” thoughts. When we see ways to fix something, it can bring strong feelings. We might say, “If it had been a clear day, Kobe would still be alive.” We feel like it should not have happened that way, it is hard for us to believe the truth.
3.Thinking About Our Lives
Our feelings may be about ourselves. Many people felt like they had gotten to know Mr. Bryant. They watched him play basketball on TV. His death was sad. Thinking about dying can scare us. We want to give our lives meaning. We get together with loved ones. Mr. Bryant’s death was a reminder. It reminds us that life is short.
1．When did Kobe Bryant die?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2．How many people died in the accident?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3．What keeps fans close to the people they follow?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4．Did people feel easy to believe the truth of the accident?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
5．Why did many people feel like they had gotten to know Mr. Bryant?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案解析】
本篇分析为什么失去科比，人们就像失去一个家人或朋友，因为社交媒体让我们感觉离他们很近；我们很难相信事实，觉得不应该这样；科比的去世让我们思考总结的生命的意义。
1．On January 26根据第一段“A basketball player named Kobe Bryant died on January 26”可知科比去世于1月26日；故答案为On January 26.
2．38．9 / Nine.根据第一段“His 13-year-old daughter, Gianna, also died in the crash, along with seven others”可知去世的人包括科比、他的女儿还有7个其它人；故答案为9 / Nine.
3．Social media.根据第三段“Fans can feel close to the people they follow on social media”可知是社交媒体使粉丝们可以感受到与他们关注的人很亲近；故答案为Social media.
4．No (, they didn’t).根据第四段“We feel like it should not have happened that way, it is hard for us to believe the truth”可知人们难以相信事实；故答案为No (, they didn’t).
5．Because they watched him play basketball on TV.根据第五段“Many people felt like they had gotten to know Mr. Bryant. They watched him play basketball on TV”可知人们经常在电视上看科比打篮球，觉得认识他，故答案为Because they watched him play basketball on TV.
【点睛】
本篇任务型阅读考查学生归纳概括能力和语篇能力；本篇考查文本表层理解，设定5W1H问题和一般疑问句的细节理解，解答时要根据题干关键词——疑问词来确定问题信息：题1when什么时候，问时间；题2howmany问多少、数量；题3 what 什么，问事或物；题4一般疑问句；题5 why为什么，问原因；然后在原文中找出与题干对应的信息作答；解答完，要复读文章，核实信息。
A
请认真阅读下面短文并用英语回答问题，将答案写在横线上。
Mother Teresa once said, "Every time you smile at someone, it is an action of love, a gift to that person" However, a recent survey showed that 25% of Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five times a day. It also found that 2~6 of Chinese were willing to smile at strangers.
To make a change, forty students from Shanghai Normal University started a team of "Smiling Volunteers". Their first smiling task was-to smile at all the visitors in the Shanghai Film Art Centre and ask if they needed their help. Not all students found it easy to smile all the time. "When volunteers help other people, smiling is the best way to make them understand that volunteers are ready and sincere(诚挚的),”one team leader said.
A teacher in charge of(负责)the team thought the team's work was not all fun and games. "Most of our students will be teachers after they leave university. Smiling is necessary for good teachers. We hope they can learn how to smile at each other, she said. Everyone smiles in the same language. So it's not important whether you are a teacher or not. After all, sincere smiling and helping hearts are the most important. If today you don't start a day with a smile, it won't be too late to start practising for tomorrow. Remember "The world always looks brighter from behind a smile."
1．How many Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five times a day?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2．What will most of the students be after they leave Shanghai Normal University?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3．Do you think smiling is necessary in your life? Why or why not?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案解析】
本文介绍了人们不爱微笑，上海师范大学的四十名学生开始了一组"微笑志愿者"的活动，通过活动告诉人们每个人的微笑都是一样的，你的微笑代表着真诚和爱心，你的微笑都是爱的动作，是一个人的礼物。微笑对我们的生活是很重要的。
1．25% of Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five times a day.根据第一段的However, a recent survey showed that 25% of Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five times a day.可知最近的一项调查显示25%的中国人从来不笑或者一天笑不到5次。故此处为25% of Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five times a day。
2．They will be teachers．根据第三段的Most of our students will be teachers after they leave the university．可知他们离开上海师范大学后将成为老师．故此处为They will be teachers．
3．Yes, I do. Because it makes our world brighter．根据最后一段的Remember "The world always looks brighter from behind a smile."可知整篇文章内容讲的都是微笑，微笑对我们是必要的，所以微笑使我们的世界更明亮．因为我认为微笑是必要的，故答案为Yes, I do. Because it makes our world brighter．
B
阅读下列短文,根据短文中的信息完成文后表格,写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Charms of Yangzhou Gardens
Throughout history, Yangzhou has been famous for its gardens. As early as in the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Bi, King of the State of Wu, began to build gardens in Guangling. In the Qing Dynasty came another high point of Yangzhou gardens. There was a popular saying during that time “Yangzhou Gardens are the best in China”. Among the gardens, the Slender West Lake, Ge Garden and He Garden are the most famous.
The Slender West Lake
The Slender West Lake lies in the northwestern part of Yangzhou, with its south gate facing Rainbow Bridge Road. It is about 123. 6 hectares in area. It was named AAAAA Tourist Area in 2010. The Slender West Lake is an outstanding representative of the lake gardens in China. The waterways connect many attractions, including the Great Bridge, Xuyuan Garden, the Small Golden Hill, the Five—pavilion Bridge and the Twenty—four Bridge. In a word, the Slender West Lake represents not only the beauty of natural landscape but also the culture of the old city.
Ge Garden
As an outstanding private garden in Jiangnan(South—of—Yangtze—River part), one of the top four gardens in China, a National AAAA Tourist Area, Ge Gareden is in the northeast of the ancient Yangzhou City. Bamboo is the spirit of Ge Garden. You can enjoy all kinds of bamboos in Ge Garden. In total, there are more than 60 types of bamboo and nearly 20,000 bamboos in the garden. Even the name of the garden was from bamboo leaves which are like Chinese character “ge” in the moonlight.
He Garden
He Garden is the best protected ancient private garden in Yangzhou. It is also a National AAAA Tourist Area with four parts: the East Garden, the West Garden, the Residential Area, and Pian Shi Shan Fang. He Garden proudly has four Number Ones. Its corridor(走廊) which divides the back garden into the eastern and western parts won the Number One Corridor in the World. The lattice (格子）windows in the corridor got the title of Number One Windows in the world. The Shuixin Pavilion in the west garden is known as Number One Pavilion in the World. Pian Shi Fang, which locates in the southeast of He Garden, is called Number One Rockery(假山) in the World.
Charms of Yangzhou Gardens
Long 1 of Yangzhou Gardens
◆ Yangzhou Gardens have been famous 2 history in China since the Western Han Dynasty. There was a popular saying during that time “Yangzhou Gardens are the best in China”.
The Slender West Lake
◆Rainbow Bridge Road is in 3 of its south gate.
◆It 4 an area of about 123. 6 hectares.
◆There are many places of 5 along its waterways.
◆It represents both the history and the culture.
The Ge Garden
◆It is among the top four 6 gardens.
◆You can enjoy 7 sixty types of bamboo in it.
◆It was named after the 8 of bamboo leaves.
The He Garden
◆It is 9 up of four parts.
◆It is famous for its 10 Number Ones.
【答案解析】
本文主要介绍了扬州的魅力花园。瘦西湖是中国湖泊园林的杰出代表；葛花园作为贾府杰出的私家园林，中国四大园林之一；何园是受保护最好的扬州的私家园林。
1．history观察表格，这里需要的是一个名词，结合表格后面是介绍的是扬州园林的历史，那么这里应该是“history历史”，故答案为history。
2．through结合文章中“Throughout history, Yangzhou has been famous for its gardens. 纵观历史，扬州一直以园林闻名于世。”，可知答案，故答案为through。
3．front结合文章“The Slender West Lake lies in the northwestern part of Yangzhou, with its south gate facing Rainbow Bridge Road. 瘦西湖位于扬州西北部，南门面向虹桥路。”，那么彩虹桥路在它的南门前面。故答案为front。
4．has/covers观察句子麦哲伦需要的是一个动词，并且结合文章“It is about 123. 6 hectares in area.面积6公顷。”，可知答案，故答案为has/covers。
5．Interest结合文章“The waterways connect many attractions, including the Great Bridge, Xuyuan Garden, the Small Golden Hill, the Five—pavilion Bridge and the Twenty—four Bridge.水路连接了许多景点，包括大桥、徐苑花园、小金山、五亭桥和二十四桥。”，可知水路上有很多景点，故答案为Interest。
6．private /Chinese结合文章“As an outstanding private garden in Jiangnan(South—of—Yangtze—River part), one of the top four gardens in China, a National AAAA Tourist Area,葛加登位于扬州古城东北部，是中国四大园林之一、国家AAAA级旅游区江南部分优秀的私家园林。”可知是私家/中国园林，故答案为private /Chinese 。
7．over结合文章“You can enjoy all kinds of bamboos in Ge Garden. In total, there are more than 60 types of bamboo and nearly 20,000 bamboos in the garden. 在葛园你可以欣赏到各种各样的竹子。园内共有竹子60多种，竹子近2万株。”，可知是超过60 种，故答案为over。
8．shape结合文章“Even the name of the garden was from bamboo leaves which are like Chinese character “ge” in the moonlight.就连花园的名字也是从竹叶上取的，在月光下，竹叶就像汉字“葛”。”可知名字是由竹叶的形状而来的，故答案为shape。
9．made结合文章“It is also a National AAAA Tourist Area with four parts: the East Garden, the West Garden, the Residential Area, and Pian Shi Shan Fang.它也是国家AAAA级旅游区，由东园、西园、居民区和偏石山坊四部分组成。”，可知答案，故答案为made。
10．four结合文章“He Garden proudly has four Number Ones. 他的花园自豪地获得了四个第一。”，可知它以它的四个第一而闻名。故答案为four。
C
Where do you think people will live in the future? Can you predict people will work and live in the sea? But how will people go to work then? Of course they can go by submarine (潜水艇). Some scientists believe that some day submarine will be as many as today's cars. A famous French drivers says “One day, man will walk on the sea floor as they do on the street!”
If humans want to live in the sea, they have to solve a lot of problems first, similar to those of living on the moon, lack of oxygen (缺氧) and weightlessness (失重). Many questions are hard to solve. For example, what will happen to our bodies if we live in the sea for a very long time?
Scientists are looking for answers.
Maybe in 50 years man will be able to live in the sea, away from the crowded and noisy cities on land. Man will find it fun and interesting to live in the sea.
And life in the sea is more comfortable. Don't you think so?
1. 判断正误（“T”表示正确，“F”表示错误）
Some scientists think people will have to live in the sea. ( )
2．If humans want to live in the sea, they ______ first.
3．What problem will humans have if they live in the sea?
___________________________________________________________________________________________.
4．How will people go to work if they live in the sea?
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
5．将文中画线句子译成汉语。
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
【答案解析】
文章大意：这篇短文中作者主要对将来人们在海底生存的设想。文章介绍，某一天潜水艇就像汽车一样，人们在海底工作就像在大街上。但是人类在海底生存需要解决诸如缺氧和失重等许多问题。科学家正在努力寻找答案。也许50年后，人类有可能生活在远离城市喧嚣的海底。
1．F细节理解题。根据文中“Maybe in 50 years man will be able to live in the sea, away from the crowded and noisy cities on land.”的描述可知，在海底生存是人类的一个设想，但是不一定必须在海底生存。因此这个叙述是错误的，故答案为F。
2．have to solve a lot of problems 细节理解题。根据文中“If humans want to live in the sea, they have to solve a lot of problems”的描述可知，人类要在海底生存，首先要解决许多诸如缺氧和失重等许多问题。故答案为have to solve a lot of problems。
3．Lack of oxygen and weightlessness. 细节理解题。根据文中“ If humans want to live in the sea, they have to solve a lot of problems, similar to those of living on the moon, lack of oxygen (缺氧) and weightlessness (失重).”的描述可知，人类如果要在海底生存，会遇到呼吸困难等问题。故答案为Lack of oxygen and weightlessness.
4．By submarine细节理解题。根据文中“But how will people go to work then? By submarine (潜水艇)”的描述可知，如果人类要在海底生存，需要乘坐潜水艇去上班。故答案为By submarine。
5．人类将会发现在海里居住很有趣。翻译题。根据语境可知，本句的真正宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。在英语中，当作宾语的不定式后跟有宾语补足语时，为了避免头重脚轻，通常要用形式宾语it代替不定式，并将真正的宾语不定式置于宾语补足语之后。故答案为：人类将会发现在海里居住很有趣。
D
阅读短文，并按要求完成短文后小题。
Where does your food come from? How is it made? These days, many people worry about food safety. But food safety is not a new worry. In 1906, Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle. The book is the story of a poor family in Chicago. It is also about the dangerous ways that food was prepared. People were so worried that the U. S. started testing food.
These days, most food in the world is safe. Laws control where food comes from. They also control how food is managed and prepared. Laws are important. But it’s more important to make sure the rules are followed. A good food safety system（系统）keeps people safe. It also helps them eat healthy food. Labels（标签）on food give people important information. People should read the information. Then they can make good choices about their food.
Although food safety systems usually work, there can be problems. Sometimes mistakes are made. For example, a truck might carry eggs and then ice cream. The ice cream could make people sick when the truck isn’t cleaned before carrying it. Other problems are not mistakes. Sometimes companies break rules to make more money. When this happens, people don’t know if their food is safe.
As we all know, food is closely related to our daily life. We should take actions to make food safer!
1．完成句子People were so worried about food safety that the U. S. started______.
2．完成句子After______the information on food labels, people can make good choices about their food.
3．简略回答问题When could ice cream make people sick in the example?
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
4．找出并写下第三段的主题句____________________________________________________________________________________________
5．将文中画线句子译成汉语____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案解析】
文章大意：文章主要是向大家介绍了有关食品安全的知识。
1．testing food句意：人们是如此地担忧食物的安全问题以至于美国开始测试食物的安全。
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一行“People were so worried that the U. S. started testing food”“人们是如此地担忧食物的安全问题以至于美国开始测试食物的安全”可知，应该填的是测试食物，test food意为“测试食物”，start后面接动名词形式，故填testing food。
2．reading句意：在阅读了食品标签上的信息后，人们可以对自己的食品做出很好的选择。细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第一、二行“People should read the information. Then they can make good choices about their food”“人们应该阅读这些信息。这样他们就可以对食物做出很好的选择”可知，应该是阅读之后，人们可以对自己的食品做出很好的选择，after后面直接加动词，要用动名词形式，read意为“阅读”动名词形式是reading，故填reading。
3．When the truck isn’t cleaned before carrying it. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二、三行“The ice cream could make people sick when the truck isn’t cleaned before carrying it”“当卡车在运输前没有清洗时，冰淇淋可能会使人生病”，故填When the truck isn’t cleaned before carrying it。
4．Although food safety systems usually work, there can be problems. 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段第一、二行“Although food safety systems usually work, there can be problems”“虽然食品安全系统通常有效，但也可能存在问题”，故填Although food safety systems usually work, there can be problems。
5．我们应该采取行动让食物更安全。Take actions to do sth意为“采取行动做某事”，make food safer意为“让食物更安全”，故填我们应该采取行动让食物更安全。
秘笈14 任务型阅读
考向1 任务型阅读之还原句子
还原句子的文章一般为200—250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：
1. 学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。
2. 学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
二、满分技巧
1. 解题步骤
（1）读选项，画关键词，暗排序。
（2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。
（3）先易后难来解题。
（4）回读文章定答案。
2. 得分技巧
（1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。
（2）盯紧横线的前后词语。
通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：
1. 养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能， 处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40—50个词为宜。
2. 解题技巧
通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
1. 如果问题设在段首
（1）通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。
（2）与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。
（3）段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 如果问题设在段尾
（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
（2）通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore， as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
（3）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
（4）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。
（5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。
考向2 任务型阅读之回答问题
分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200－260词， 一般情况下，每篇文章设5个问题， 其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多， 少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。
解题技巧：
1. 认真审题， 明确题目要求。
首先阅读题目， 明确题目中的关键词， 在阅读文章前对所要回答的问题有所了解。
2. 快速浏览文章， 规范答题。
回答问题型任务型阅读需要利用题干中关键词， 寻找文章中对应的关键词， 在对应词周围寻找答案或者直接在文章中搜索答案。带着审题时对文章大意的了解以及问题快速浏览文章， 以最快的速度在文章相对应的位置寻找相关信息。
3. 答题形式符合提问形式。
不同的提问方式需要不同形式的回答， 在答案简洁的基础上还要注意结构的完整。一般疑问句要用yes或no作答；特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。
4. 仔细检查， 确保答案。
完成所有答题后， 需要再次速读一遍文章， 核对答案， 确保答案的正确性。需要注意， 有些题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在原文的基础上， 结合题目要求进行时态、语态、人称的转换；有些需要进行归纳总结， 把正确答案重新组织语言表达出来。
考向3 任务型阅读之完成句子或表格
命题趋势：
分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，完成表格型阅读的话题通常是与日常生活息息相关，包括观点建议类、介绍类、文化风俗类、环境保护类、饮食与健康类及科普知识类。词数为200—260词。文章以表格形式设空，设5空。至少4道题的答案可以在文中直接找出，有1道题需要总结概括，如文章的标题或某一段的小标题。文体以记叙文和说明文为主。
解题技巧：
解答此类题型， 需要按照＂查表→析文→填表＂的思路进行：
1. 查表。阅读表格， 分析表格的项目内容和结构特征， 从而把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏和表格前的小标题， 这样有助于理解文章大意。
2. 析文。快速浏览全文， 把握文章大意；再仔细阅读文章内容， 找准细节定位。阅读文章是， 要利用多种阅读技巧， 对文章进行全面理解。
3. 填表。进行填表。多数题目的答案可以在文章中直接找出；少数题目需要在分析原文的基础上， 结合题目对文章进行理解归纳答案；还需注重书写习惯， 多注意大小写的运用。
考向4 任务型阅读之综合任务
命题趋势：
近几年，任务型阅读这一新题型逐步进入中考题。任务型阅读主要考查学生实际运用语言的能力。它要求学生在阅读理解的基础上完成某些任务，考查学生的判断推理能力。
一、题型特点
1. 命题灵活，题型多样。
一般阅读理解题型多采用选择题，题型单一。任务型阅读题则可以通过一篇短文或一幅图表要求学生完成多项任务，命题人可以随心所欲地设计出多种题型，考查学生多方面的能力。
2. 贴近生活，凸显交际。
任务型阅读重在考查用英语解决实际问题的能力，学生需在任务的引导下开展阅读，其问题设置不仅具有真实性、情境性，而且也体现出一定的开放性。这样的设问形式贴近学生使用语言的现实生活情景，学生完成任务的过程既是分析问题、解决问题的过程，也是运用语言进行交际的过程。
3. 读写结合，重视输出。
任务型阅读改变了过去阅读理解单向的信息输入，侧重主动的信息输出，要求学生整合短文中的相关信息，然后根据题目要求回答问题或完成图表，综合性很强。
4. 语言精练，高度概括。
任务型阅读题目要求学生填表或给文章拟标题时一般都有一定的字数限制，要求学生在正确把握原文的基础上，充分运用自己所学语言，重新整合信息，运用规范、概括的文字准确无误地表达出来。
二、题型分类
综观近年来的任务型阅读题，我们可以归纳出以下五类考点：
1. 中心归纳题
中心归纳题属于综合概括题，主要位于表格的标题处。这类题要求考生在弄懂全文的内容后，抓住文章的中心，然后对中心进行高度浓缩、概括，从而成为统领全文的标题。由于词数被限制在几个单词以内，因此这类题难度较大。考生必须具备对文章进行综合分析、归纳概括以及准确表达的能力。这类试题在考题中通常只占1题。
2. 段意概括题
段意概括题属于分析表达题，主要位于表格的左边栏。这类题主要考查考生对文章体裁、结构的认识及用语言文字的表达能力。如果文章是说明文，那么它的主题是什么？它的目的是什么？作者用什么方式、从哪几个方面进行介绍、说明的？作者通过介绍、说明得出了什么样的结论？作者提出了什么样的建议或希望？如果文章是议论文，那么文章的论点是什么？作者用什么方法、从哪些方面进行论证的？最后得出了什么样的结论？对于考生来说，这类试题有一定的难度，考生必须平时注意对文章进行分析，同时还应多熟记一些概括性的词汇，如：purpose/aim/goal; topic/theme; suggestion/advice; type/kind; way/means/method; effect/result; cause/reason; feature/characteristic; function/use; comment/assessment等。这类试题在考题中一般占2―3题。
3. 功能理解题
功能理解题属于理解表达题。这类题主要考查考生对句子、信息在文章中所起作用的理解。考生不能只停留在对句子字面意思的理解，而应该透过现象抓住句子、信息的本质，即它与前后信息的联系，它们之间究竟是什么样的关系，如因果、条件、让步、比较等。这类试题在考题中通常占2―3题。
4. 信息压缩及改写题
信息压缩及改写题属于活用题。考生只要通读全文，就能在文章中找到与试题相关的信息，但是由于所给的信息往往过长，考生必须对这些信息进行再次加工，将信息压缩、改写成不超过三个单词的短语。如The boy is eight years old这一信息可考虑改写为an eight-year-old boy。这类试题在考题中占2—3题。
5. 信息获取题
信息获取题属于基础题。考生一边阅读文章就能一边从文章中直接找出试题的相关信息，并且不需要任何加工就可将它直接作为试题的答案。这类试题在考题中占2―3题。
任务型阅读之解题方法
1. 通读全文，掌握大意。
首先要通读全文，尤其注意首尾段及每段的首尾句。短文的首句和首段常常是作者要说明的对象、事件起因、作者要阐述的观点、事件发生的时间、地点与人物的联系等，结尾句、段是事件结论或作者要表达的意图、目的等。这样就容易抓住中心，为准确、迅速答题打下良好的基础。
2. 浏览试题，明确要求。
在理解了文章的大意及框架结构后，应开始深入理解文章内容，浏览一下短文所设计的任务，并细读与每一道题目相关的段落，然后根据文中的关键词句确定答案。
3. 整合信息，准确简洁。
任务型阅读题目重点考查学生的综合归纳能力，很多题目需要学生根据文章内容进行归纳、总结后才能回答，因此，在确定与题目有关的语句后，还要对有关信息进行整合才能确定答案。此外，给文章拟标题类题目对答案有词数限制，要求学生必须对信息进行压缩，用尽量少的词汇简洁地表达重要信息。
4. 复读全文，核对答案。
这是至关重要的一步。在此阶段中，要用全文的主题思想统帅各思考题，研究其内在的逻辑关系。审核时，要结合在阅读和答题中所得到的信息重新读短文，检查答案，看是否前后一致、意义和语言知识是否和原文相同，是否符合逻辑等。如果发现前后矛盾、遗漏要点等错误，要立即纠正。
考向5 任务型阅读之判断正误
一、任务型阅读理解题解读
任务型阅读理解测试主要考查考生在有限的时间内根据不同的人的不同需要捕捉到相应的有效信息的能力。任务型阅读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠，内容贴近现代社会生活，涉及学生生活、富有时代气息，语言原汁原味。
该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言＂做事＂的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。从某种意义上来说，这一题型的阅读理解实际上就是一道高水平的智能检测题——综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断、跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。如果考生心理承受力比较弱，或者应试时头脑一时不那么开窍，恐怕很快就会感觉犹如＂雾里看花＂，似它非它了；而且考生对某一题的错误判断会影响其对其他题目作出正确的分析和判断，产生曼延作用。
二、解题步骤
任务型阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系，该类的
＂对应＂可能是＂主旨对应＂，也可能是＂情节对应＂，还可以是＂细节对应＂等。同学们只要能够把握住这一原则就能轻松做好这种试题。
＂一一对应阅读方法＂的具体步骤如下：
第一步：认真阅读背景介绍，了解话题或主题。
第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。
第三：对照题目的要求，从选项中选出符合以上要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松找到正确的答案。
第四步：快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。
【注意】
还原句子常考点。平时练习多注意代词（如it，this，they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。
任务型阅读之解题注意事项
1、重视语言知识，抓好语言基本功。
＂任务型阅读＂属于读写并重的综合性试题，它增强了对语言知识的考查力度，从简单的填写单词到回答问题，都要求学生在词汇、句法、语法等方面具有扎实的基本功。因此，学生在日常学习中要以课程标准为依据，依托教材，扎扎实实地夯实自己的语言知识。
（1）丰富词汇知识，及时归纳拓展词汇的用法。
（2）讲解、分析各种句法，并通过多种形式的操练如：简单句和复合句之间的转换，更改句子主语，把几个简单句改写为一个简单句等形式，让学生能对基础知识举一反三，熟练运用。
（3）要在语境中呈现语法项目，并能灵活运用。
2、加强阅读训练，培养良好的阅读习惯。
（1）培养学生带着问题读文章的习惯。做阅读理解类题目时应结合文章后面所设问题进行阅读，边阅读边选出考察表层问题的答案，并确定与考察深层含义有关的段落，为之后的细读打下坚实的基础。
（2）培养学生整体把握篇章结构的能力。在阅读训练中，要注重整体阅读，加强文章结构的分析和理解训练。要引导学生分析文章结构，由篇章到层次到段落到细节，逐步分析，让学生学会总结中心思想、挖掘文章的要点及搞清作者的观点。同时，在尝试给文章添加标题的过程中，有效地训练学生整体把握篇章结构的能力。冰冻三尺非一日之寒。扎实的语言基础来自于平时严格的基本功训练和长期的知识积累。只要平时刻苦用功，打下扎实的英语知识基础，并掌握科学的答题方法，一定会攻克任务型阅读这类题目。
★题型概述
任务型阅读理解是中考必考题型之一，出题形式多样，常见题型有：根据短文内容来回答问题、还原句子、完成表格、判断正误和综合任务等。
★解题过程
阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息输出)。
★解题技巧
一、明确阅读任务。明确所给的任务，带着任务去阅读材料。
二、读全文，了解大意。了解文章主要内容、文章感情基调、作者的意图态度。
三、读细节，逐题攻克。寻找细节，从原文找答案。精读细节，理解深层含义。
四、通读全文，仔细检查。
★答题要求
一、把握文章的内在逻辑关系，以文章提供的事实和观点为依据，立足原文，推断未知。
二、在答题时，总的原则就是：能简略回答，尽量简略回答。
三、书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写；标点符号要规范；单词拼写要正确无误；单词书写要认真。
A
（2019·长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校初三月考）
People often think of the North Pole(北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen(冰冻的) wastelands. They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North and South Poles are not much alike as people may imagine.
The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32°F, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as -30°F.
Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to reach the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them.
There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic(北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is ①uninhabited. Few people can live in such a difficult place.
People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, ②this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water(水道) called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes.
1．请根据短文内容填空，每空1词。
There is no land but 1. _____ in the North Pole. The temperature there is always 2. _____ zero.
2．请根据短文内容回答问题。
When did Robert Peary and Mathew Henson arrive in the North Pole?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3．请根据文章内容列举人们徒步穿越北极圈面临的3种困难。
1. __________________________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________________________________________
4．请根据短文内容，猜测①处划线单词uninhabited的中文意思。将其字母代号填写 在答题卡上。_____
A．气候恶劣的 B．困难重重的 C．无人居住的
5．请从文中找出②处划线单词this所指代的内容。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
6．请为文章选择最佳标题。_____
A．The low temperature in the North Pole.
B．The real situation in the North Pole.
C．The thick ice in the North Pole.
【答案解析】
本文主要讲述的是人们常常认为北极和南极是相似的冰冻荒地。这两个地方的气温都很低，很少有人住在那里。然而，南北极并不像人们想象的那么相似以及向人们介绍北极的具体情况。
1. ice below 细节理解题。根据文中The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32°F, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as -30°F. 北极没有陆地，只有厚厚的冰层。温度很少超过32华氏度，在这个温度水会变成冰。大多数时候，它保持在零度以下。冬季气温通常低至零下30华氏度。
2. On March 8th, 1909. 细节理解题。根据文中A bout 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them.大约一百年前，Robert Peary和Mathew Henson两个人来到了这个充满麻烦和困难的环境。他们在1909年3月8日到达北极。对他们来说，这真是一次艰难的旅行。可知，这里填On March 8th, 1909.。
3．very cold temperatures sudden storms hunger 细节理解题。根据文中第四段There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic(北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is ①uninhabited. Few people can live in such a difficult place.没有什么比徒步穿越北极更危险的了。留在那里的人可能会面临许多问题:非常冷的温度，突然的风暴，甚至饥饿。大部分区域是①无人居住的。很少有人能住在这么困难的地方。可知，这里应该填：very cold temperatures，sudden storms，hunger。
4．C词义猜测题。根据后句Few people can live in such a difficult place.没有人能住在如此困难的一个地方可知，这里表示的是没有人居住，所以选择C。
5．The ice would be thick and hard. 词义猜测题。根据文中People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, ②this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface.人们可能会认为，在一年中大部分时间气温都这么低的情况下，冰会又厚又硬。然而,在北极②这不是真的。冰下海水的运动常常会引起海面上许多不同的变化。可知，这里的this指代的是前文中所提到的内容，是冰又厚又硬，所以应该填The ice would be thick and hard.。
6．B A. 北极的低温；B. 北极的真实情况；C. 北极的厚冰；根据文章内容可知，主要介绍的就是北极恶劣的环境以及在如此恶劣的环境下人们还想穿越北极，所以本题应该选择B。
B
（2019·达拉特旗第九中学初三一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Today’s smart-phones can do almost anything, but like all tools, they should be used wisely. Here are some problematic habits that smart-phone should avoid.
Imagine you’re rushing through a crowded subway station, late for an appointment. Suddenly someone is blocking your way, walking very slowly, fiddling（用手拨弄）with their smart-phone. You probably feel annoyed, but do you ever do the same thing? For your own safety, put the phone away while walking.
When you see someone who looks different, you may want to take a picture or a video. But recording people’s daily lives can be rude and hurtful. If you want a picture, ask for permission. Your friends may not mind you taking pictures of them. But ask before posting anything embarrassing online. Showing their mistakes for the world to see is sure to hurt your friendship. And once pictures are posted, they’re impossible to remove.
Smart-phone are great tools for communication. It’s common to see people sitting together, not speaking but looking quietly at their smart-phones. Real friendships require face-to-face interaction（互动）. Facial expressions and body language express far more than words.
As you smart-phone is always available, you always have something to do. But that may not be a good thing. Some say that unused time is necessary for creative thinking. So don’t spend every spare moment with your phone. Instead, see what great ideas you can think up.
Some habits that smart-phone should 1
Habits
Ways
2
Play the phone while walking.
Put the phone away.
You may be 3 somebody's way and get them angry.
You should keep yourself 4 .
Taking pictures or video of some 5 people and posting them online.
Ask for permission 6 .
It can be rude and hurtful to 7 people's daily lives.
Showing friends’ 8 for the world to see is sure to hurt your friendship.
Once pictures are posted, they're impossible to move.
Spending every spare moment with your phone.
Do some face-to-face interaction.
Do some 9 thinking.
Facial expressions and body language express far more than 10 .
【答案解析】
这篇短文主要讲述了如何恰当的使用手机。
1．avoid根据文中“Here are some problematic habits that smart-phone should avoid.” 以下是一些智能手机应该避免的问题习惯。可知，此处是“使用智能手机应该避免的一些问题”。avoid动词避免；故答案为avoid。
2．Results根据文中“Suddenly someone is blocking your way, walking very slowly, fiddling（用手拨弄）with their smart-phone. You probably feel annoyed, but do you ever do the same thing? For your own safety, put the phone away while walking.” 突然有人挡住了你的去路，走得很慢，摆弄着他们的智能手机。你可能觉得很生气，但你也做过同样的事吗？为了你自己的安全，边走边把电话收起来。可知，此处是“导致的结果”，这里用复数形式。Result名词，结果，此处用复数形式。根据题意，故答案为Results。
3．blocked根据文中“Suddenly someone is blocking your way, walking very slowly, fiddling（用手拨弄）with their smart-phone. You probably feel annoyed” 突然有人挡住了你的去路，走得很慢，摆弄着他们的智能手机。你可能觉得很生气。block动词，堵住；挡住。此处是含有情态动词的被动语态，may be done表示可能被……；此处用block的过去分词blocked。根据题意，故答案为blocked。
4．safety根据文中“For your own safety, put the phone away while walking.” 为了你自己的安全，边走边把电话收起来。短语keep yourself safety表示“保持你自己安全”。故答案为safety。
5．different根据文中“When you see someone who looks different, you may want to take a picture or a video.” 当你看到一个看起来不一样的人时，你可能想拍张照片或录像。此处是看到不同的人们，different+名词复数，表示“不同的……”。根据题意，故答案为different。
6．first根据文中“If you want a picture, ask for permission.” 如果你想要一张照片，请征得许可。可知“首先要征求同意”。first首先。根据句意，故答案为first。
7．record根据文中“But recording people’s daily lives can be rude and hurtful.” 但记录人们的日常生活可能是粗鲁和伤人的。be rude and hurtful to do sth.表示“做某事是粗鲁和有害的”。record动词，记录。根据题意，故答案为record。
8．mistakes根据文中“Showing their mistakes for the world to see is sure to hurt your friendship.” 向全世界展示他们的错误肯定会伤害你的友谊。此处是“展示你朋友的错误”。mistake名词，错误；此处用复数形式。根据题意，故答案为mistakes。
9．creative根据文中“Some say that unused time is necessary for creative thinking.” 有人说，未使用的时间是创造性思维所必需的。此处是“有创造性的思维”此处是形容词作定语。creative形容词，有创造性的。根据题意，故答案为creative。
10．words根据文中“Facial expressions and body language express far more than words.” 面部表情和肢体语言表达的远不止话语。此处是“面部表情和肢体语言和话语的比较”。word名词，话语，此处用名词复数。根据题意，故答案为words。
C
（2019·淄博市临淄区第一中学初三期中）
将短文后面的五项信息与段落进行匹配，并将段落序号填入括号中。
1 . Ping-pong ball is my favorite sport. I often play it and I play it very well.
2 . Miss Green is an English teacher. She is only twenty-five years old. Her English is very good.
3 . Ted is my brother. He likes eggs and pears for dinner.
4 . Sam is my brother. He wins first prize in the English speech contest.
5 . Linda likes going to the movies. She often goes to the movies with her father on weekends.
A．We need two English teachers. Is your English very good? Are you good with students? Please call us at 221-2112.
B．There will be a new movie this weekend at Sunshine Cinema. If you take your school ID card, you can pay only 2 yuan for it.
C．There will be an English speech contest at Xinghua Middle School. It can help you improve your English and help you make some friends. Come and join us!
D．Helen is going to watch a ping-pong match at 7:30 on Sunday evening.
E.My family like different kinds of food. My father likes noodles best. My mother likes rice very much. I like vegetables and fruit. We all like healthy food.
【答案解析】
本文主要介绍了五个内容，分别是：海伦的计划、招聘英语老师、饮食、英语演讲比赛和看电影。
1．D句意： 海伦打算星期天晚上七点半去看乒乓球比赛。根据后句内容“Ping-pong ball is my favorite sport. I often play it and I play it very well.”可知，此处内容与乒乓球相关。结合选项，故选D。
2．A句意：我们需要两位英语老师。你的英语很好吗？你和学生相处得好吗？请致电221-2112。根据后句内容“Miss Green is an English teacher. She is only twenty-five years old. Her English is very good.”可知，此处内容与英语老师相关。结合选项，故选A。
3．E句意：我的家人喜欢各种各样的食物。我爸爸最喜欢吃面条。我妈妈非常喜欢吃米饭。我喜欢蔬菜和水果。我们都喜欢健康的食物。根据后句内容“Ted is my brother. He likes eggs and pears for dinner.”可知，此处内容与饮食相关。结合选项，故选E。
4．C句意：兴化中学将举行英语演讲比赛。它可以帮助你提高你的英语，帮助你交一些朋友。来加入我们吧！根据后句内容“Sam is my brother. He wins first prize in the English speech contest.”可知，此处内容与英语演讲比赛相关。结合选项，故选C。
5．B句意：这个周末阳光电影院有一部新电影。如果你带着你的学生证，你只需付2元钱。根据后句内容“Linda likes going to the movies. She often goes to the movies with her father on weekends.”可知，此处内容与看电影相关。结合选项，故选B。
D
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
Why losing Kobe Bryant felt like losing a family or friend?
A basketball player named Kobe Bryant died on January 26. He died in a helicopter crash(直升机坠毁). His 13-year-old daughter, Gianna, also died in the crash, along with seven others.
People were very sad about it. This happened even if they had not met him. How do people feel sad over a stranger? Why do they think of Mr. Bryant as family? As a scientist, I am not surprised. I see why his death hurt some people.
1.Social Media Keeps Us Close
Scientists have looked at how people form ties with other people. These can be people we have not met. Still, we feel close to them. Many people are on social media. They follow celebrities(名人) online. They see the good and bad times of famous people. Fans can feel close to the people they follow on social media. Mr. Bryant had many followers online. He had many fans.
2. It Shouldn’t Have Happened That Way
Mr. Bryant’s death seemed extra sad. This can make people think “what if” thoughts. When we see ways to fix something, it can bring strong feelings. We might say, “If it had been a clear day, Kobe would still be alive.” We feel like it should not have happened that way, it is hard for us to believe the truth.
3.Thinking About Our Lives
Our feelings may be about ourselves. Many people felt like they had gotten to know Mr. Bryant. They watched him play basketball on TV. His death was sad. Thinking about dying can scare us. We want to give our lives meaning. We get together with loved ones. Mr. Bryant’s death was a reminder. It reminds us that life is short.
1．When did Kobe Bryant die?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2．How many people died in the accident?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3．What keeps fans close to the people they follow?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4．Did people feel easy to believe the truth of the accident?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
5．Why did many people feel like they had gotten to know Mr. Bryant?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案解析】
本篇分析为什么失去科比，人们就像失去一个家人或朋友，因为社交媒体让我们感觉离他们很近；我们很难相信事实，觉得不应该这样；科比的去世让我们思考总结的生命的意义。
1．On January 26根据第一段“A basketball player named Kobe Bryant died on January 26”可知科比去世于1月26日；故答案为On January 26.
2．38．9 / Nine.根据第一段“His 13-year-old daughter, Gianna, also died in the crash, along with seven others”可知去世的人包括科比、他的女儿还有7个其它人；故答案为9 / Nine.
3．Social media.根据第三段“Fans can feel close to the people they follow on social media”可知是社交媒体使粉丝们可以感受到与他们关注的人很亲近；故答案为Social media.
4．No (, they didn’t).根据第四段“We feel like it should not have happened that way, it is hard for us to believe the truth”可知人们难以相信事实；故答案为No (, they didn’t).
5．Because they watched him play basketball on TV.根据第五段“Many people felt like they had gotten to know Mr. Bryant. They watched him play basketball on TV”可知人们经常在电视上看科比打篮球，觉得认识他，故答案为Because they watched him play basketball on TV.
【点睛】
本篇任务型阅读考查学生归纳概括能力和语篇能力；本篇考查文本表层理解，设定5W1H问题和一般疑问句的细节理解，解答时要根据题干关键词——疑问词来确定问题信息：题1when什么时候，问时间；题2howmany问多少、数量；题3 what 什么，问事或物；题4一般疑问句；题5 why为什么，问原因；然后在原文中找出与题干对应的信息作答；解答完，要复读文章，核实信息。
A
请认真阅读下面短文并用英语回答问题，将答案写在横线上。
Mother Teresa once said, "Every time you smile at someone, it is an action of love, a gift to that person" However, a recent survey showed that 25% of Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five times a day. It also found that 2~6 of Chinese were willing to smile at strangers.
To make a change, forty students from Shanghai Normal University started a team of "Smiling Volunteers". Their first smiling task was-to smile at all the visitors in the Shanghai Film Art Centre and ask if they needed their help. Not all students found it easy to smile all the time. "When volunteers help other people, smiling is the best way to make them understand that volunteers are ready and sincere(诚挚的),”one team leader said.
A teacher in charge of(负责)the team thought the team's work was not all fun and games. "Most of our students will be teachers after they leave university. Smiling is necessary for good teachers. We hope they can learn how to smile at each other, she said. Everyone smiles in the same language. So it's not important whether you are a teacher or not. After all, sincere smiling and helping hearts are the most important. If today you don't start a day with a smile, it won't be too late to start practising for tomorrow. Remember "The world always looks brighter from behind a smile."
1．How many Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five times a day?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2．What will most of the students be after they leave Shanghai Normal University?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3．Do you think smiling is necessary in your life? Why or why not?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案解析】
本文介绍了人们不爱微笑，上海师范大学的四十名学生开始了一组"微笑志愿者"的活动，通过活动告诉人们每个人的微笑都是一样的，你的微笑代表着真诚和爱心，你的微笑都是爱的动作，是一个人的礼物。微笑对我们的生活是很重要的。
1．25% of Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five times a day.根据第一段的However, a recent survey showed that 25% of Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five times a day.可知最近的一项调查显示25%的中国人从来不笑或者一天笑不到5次。故此处为25% of Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five times a day。
2．They will be teachers．根据第三段的Most of our students will be teachers after they leave the university．可知他们离开上海师范大学后将成为老师．故此处为They will be teachers．
3．Yes, I do. Because it makes our world brighter．根据最后一段的Remember "The world always looks brighter from behind a smile."可知整篇文章内容讲的都是微笑，微笑对我们是必要的，所以微笑使我们的世界更明亮．因为我认为微笑是必要的，故答案为Yes, I do. Because it makes our world brighter．
B
阅读下列短文,根据短文中的信息完成文后表格,写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Charms of Yangzhou Gardens
Throughout history, Yangzhou has been famous for its gardens. As early as in the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Bi, King of the State of Wu, began to build gardens in Guangling. In the Qing Dynasty came another high point of Yangzhou gardens. There was a popular saying during that time “Yangzhou Gardens are the best in China”. Among the gardens, the Slender West Lake, Ge Garden and He Garden are the most famous.
The Slender West Lake
The Slender West Lake lies in the northwestern part of Yangzhou, with its south gate facing Rainbow Bridge Road. It is about 123. 6 hectares in area. It was named AAAAA Tourist Area in 2010. The Slender West Lake is an outstanding representative of the lake gardens in China. The waterways connect many attractions, including the Great Bridge, Xuyuan Garden, the Small Golden Hill, the Five—pavilion Bridge and the Twenty—four Bridge. In a word, the Slender West Lake represents not only the beauty of natural landscape but also the culture of the old city.
Ge Garden
As an outstanding private garden in Jiangnan(South—of—Yangtze—River part), one of the top four gardens in China, a National AAAA Tourist Area, Ge Gareden is in the northeast of the ancient Yangzhou City. Bamboo is the spirit of Ge Garden. You can enjoy all kinds of bamboos in Ge Garden. In total, there are more than 60 types of bamboo and nearly 20,000 bamboos in the garden. Even the name of the garden was from bamboo leaves which are like Chinese character “ge” in the moonlight.
He Garden
He Garden is the best protected ancient private garden in Yangzhou. It is also a National AAAA Tourist Area with four parts: the East Garden, the West Garden, the Residential Area, and Pian Shi Shan Fang. He Garden proudly has four Number Ones. Its corridor(走廊) which divides the back garden into the eastern and western parts won the Number One Corridor in the World. The lattice (格子）windows in the corridor got the title of Number One Windows in the world. The Shuixin Pavilion in the west garden is known as Number One Pavilion in the World. Pian Shi Fang, which locates in the southeast of He Garden, is called Number One Rockery(假山) in the World.
Charms of Yangzhou Gardens
Long 1 of Yangzhou Gardens
◆ Yangzhou Gardens have been famous 2 history in China since the Western Han Dynasty. There was a popular saying during that time “Yangzhou Gardens are the best in China”.
The Slender West Lake
◆Rainbow Bridge Road is in 3 of its south gate.
◆It 4 an area of about 123. 6 hectares.
◆There are many places of 5 along its waterways.
◆It represents both the history and the culture.
The Ge Garden
◆It is among the top four 6 gardens.
◆You can enjoy 7 sixty types of bamboo in it.
◆It was named after the 8 of bamboo leaves.
The He Garden
◆It is 9 up of four parts.
◆It is famous for its 10 Number Ones.
【答案解析】
本文主要介绍了扬州的魅力花园。瘦西湖是中国湖泊园林的杰出代表；葛花园作为贾府杰出的私家园林，中国四大园林之一；何园是受保护最好的扬州的私家园林。
1．history观察表格，这里需要的是一个名词，结合表格后面是介绍的是扬州园林的历史，那么这里应该是“history历史”，故答案为history。
2．through结合文章中“Throughout history, Yangzhou has been famous for its gardens. 纵观历史，扬州一直以园林闻名于世。”，可知答案，故答案为through。
3．front结合文章“The Slender West Lake lies in the northwestern part of Yangzhou, with its south gate facing Rainbow Bridge Road. 瘦西湖位于扬州西北部，南门面向虹桥路。”，那么彩虹桥路在它的南门前面。故答案为front。
4．has/covers观察句子麦哲伦需要的是一个动词，并且结合文章“It is about 123. 6 hectares in area.面积6公顷。”，可知答案，故答案为has/covers。
5．Interest结合文章“The waterways connect many attractions, including the Great Bridge, Xuyuan Garden, the Small Golden Hill, the Five—pavilion Bridge and the Twenty—four Bridge.水路连接了许多景点，包括大桥、徐苑花园、小金山、五亭桥和二十四桥。”，可知水路上有很多景点，故答案为Interest。
6．private /Chinese结合文章“As an outstanding private garden in Jiangnan(South—of—Yangtze—River part), one of the top four gardens in China, a National AAAA Tourist Area,葛加登位于扬州古城东北部，是中国四大园林之一、国家AAAA级旅游区江南部分优秀的私家园林。”可知是私家/中国园林，故答案为private /Chinese 。
7．over结合文章“You can enjoy all kinds of bamboos in Ge Garden. In total, there are more than 60 types of bamboo and nearly 20,000 bamboos in the garden. 在葛园你可以欣赏到各种各样的竹子。园内共有竹子60多种，竹子近2万株。”，可知是超过60 种，故答案为over。
8．shape结合文章“Even the name of the garden was from bamboo leaves which are like Chinese character “ge” in the moonlight.就连花园的名字也是从竹叶上取的，在月光下，竹叶就像汉字“葛”。”可知名字是由竹叶的形状而来的，故答案为shape。
9．made结合文章“It is also a National AAAA Tourist Area with four parts: the East Garden, the West Garden, the Residential Area, and Pian Shi Shan Fang.它也是国家AAAA级旅游区，由东园、西园、居民区和偏石山坊四部分组成。”，可知答案，故答案为made。
10．four结合文章“He Garden proudly has four Number Ones. 他的花园自豪地获得了四个第一。”，可知它以它的四个第一而闻名。故答案为four。
C
Where do you think people will live in the future? Can you predict people will work and live in the sea? But how will people go to work then? Of course they can go by submarine (潜水艇). Some scientists believe that some day submarine will be as many as today's cars. A famous French drivers says “One day, man will walk on the sea floor as they do on the street!”
If humans want to live in the sea, they have to solve a lot of problems first, similar to those of living on the moon, lack of oxygen (缺氧) and weightlessness (失重). Many questions are hard to solve. For example, what will happen to our bodies if we live in the sea for a very long time?
Scientists are looking for answers.
Maybe in 50 years man will be able to live in the sea, away from the crowded and noisy cities on land. Man will find it fun and interesting to live in the sea.
And life in the sea is more comfortable. Don't you think so?
1. 判断正误（“T”表示正确，“F”表示错误）
Some scientists think people will have to live in the sea. ( )
2．If humans want to live in the sea, they ______ first.
3．What problem will humans have if they live in the sea?
___________________________________________________________________________________________.
4．How will people go to work if they live in the sea?
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
5．将文中画线句子译成汉语。
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
【答案解析】
文章大意：这篇短文中作者主要对将来人们在海底生存的设想。文章介绍，某一天潜水艇就像汽车一样，人们在海底工作就像在大街上。但是人类在海底生存需要解决诸如缺氧和失重等许多问题。科学家正在努力寻找答案。也许50年后，人类有可能生活在远离城市喧嚣的海底。
1．F细节理解题。根据文中“Maybe in 50 years man will be able to live in the sea, away from the crowded and noisy cities on land.”的描述可知，在海底生存是人类的一个设想，但是不一定必须在海底生存。因此这个叙述是错误的，故答案为F。
2．have to solve a lot of problems 细节理解题。根据文中“If humans want to live in the sea, they have to solve a lot of problems”的描述可知，人类要在海底生存，首先要解决许多诸如缺氧和失重等许多问题。故答案为have to solve a lot of problems。
3．Lack of oxygen and weightlessness. 细节理解题。根据文中“ If humans want to live in the sea, they have to solve a lot of problems, similar to those of living on the moon, lack of oxygen (缺氧) and weightlessness (失重).”的描述可知，人类如果要在海底生存，会遇到呼吸困难等问题。故答案为Lack of oxygen and weightlessness.
4．By submarine细节理解题。根据文中“But how will people go to work then? By submarine (潜水艇)”的描述可知，如果人类要在海底生存，需要乘坐潜水艇去上班。故答案为By submarine。
5．人类将会发现在海里居住很有趣。翻译题。根据语境可知，本句的真正宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。在英语中，当作宾语的不定式后跟有宾语补足语时，为了避免头重脚轻，通常要用形式宾语it代替不定式，并将真正的宾语不定式置于宾语补足语之后。故答案为：人类将会发现在海里居住很有趣。
D
阅读短文，并按要求完成短文后小题。
Where does your food come from? How is it made? These days, many people worry about food safety. But food safety is not a new worry. In 1906, Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle. The book is the story of a poor family in Chicago. It is also about the dangerous ways that food was prepared. People were so worried that the U. S. started testing food.
These days, most food in the world is safe. Laws control where food comes from. They also control how food is managed and prepared. Laws are important. But it’s more important to make sure the rules are followed. A good food safety system（系统）keeps people safe. It also helps them eat healthy food. Labels（标签）on food give people important information. People should read the information. Then they can make good choices about their food.
Although food safety systems usually work, there can be problems. Sometimes mistakes are made. For example, a truck might carry eggs and then ice cream. The ice cream could make people sick when the truck isn’t cleaned before carrying it. Other problems are not mistakes. Sometimes companies break rules to make more money. When this happens, people don’t know if their food is safe.
As we all know, food is closely related to our daily life. We should take actions to make food safer!
1．完成句子People were so worried about food safety that the U. S. started______.
2．完成句子After______the information on food labels, people can make good choices about their food.
3．简略回答问题When could ice cream make people sick in the example?
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
4．找出并写下第三段的主题句____________________________________________________________________________________________
5．将文中画线句子译成汉语____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案解析】
文章大意：文章主要是向大家介绍了有关食品安全的知识。
1．testing food句意：人们是如此地担忧食物的安全问题以至于美国开始测试食物的安全。
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一行“People were so worried that the U. S. started testing food”“人们是如此地担忧食物的安全问题以至于美国开始测试食物的安全”可知，应该填的是测试食物，test food意为“测试食物”，start后面接动名词形式，故填testing food。
2．reading句意：在阅读了食品标签上的信息后，人们可以对自己的食品做出很好的选择。细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第一、二行“People should read the information. Then they can make good choices about their food”“人们应该阅读这些信息。这样他们就可以对食物做出很好的选择”可知，应该是阅读之后，人们可以对自己的食品做出很好的选择，after后面直接加动词，要用动名词形式，read意为“阅读”动名词形式是reading，故填reading。
3．When the truck isn’t cleaned before carrying it. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二、三行“The ice cream could make people sick when the truck isn’t cleaned before carrying it”“当卡车在运输前没有清洗时，冰淇淋可能会使人生病”，故填When the truck isn’t cleaned before carrying it。
4．Although food safety systems usually work, there can be problems. 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段第一、二行“Although food safety systems usually work, there can be problems”“虽然食品安全系统通常有效，但也可能存在问题”，故填Although food safety systems usually work, there can be problems。
5．我们应该采取行动让食物更安全。Take actions to do sth意为“采取行动做某事”，make food safer意为“让食物更安全”，故填我们应该采取行动让食物更安全。
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