初中英语中考复习 精品解析：广东省广州市2020年中考英语试题（解析版）

2020年广州市初中毕业生学业考试

英语

本试卷共四大题，12页。考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。

2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。

3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、语法选择

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1〜15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Deep in the forest lives David, who loves books. As soon as he reads one book, he brings home___1___

Soon the house____2____ books. His wife, Alice, is angry. You____3____do something!”

David thinks hard and has____4____ idea. “I can bring my books into the faraway hills and share____5____I have with the children.”

Every week, David sets off across the countryside to faraway villages with his two donkeys. Early____6____a sunny morning, David and his donkeys stop at a river____7____.Then, from deep in the shadows, a bandit (山贼）jumps out! “Please let us pass,” David says. “The children____8____.”The bandit takes one book and shouts, “Next time I want____9____!”

They move on until at last, David sees some houses below. The children run to meet_____10_____.David reads them a story first._____11_____the story ends, it's time for everyone to choose a book. The children hold their books close as they say good-bye and run home_____12_____. David and his donkeys head back, over and around the hills, and into the sunset.

At home, Alice feeds her hungry husband and the donkeys. But then, instead of_____13_____,David picks up his book,_____14_____reads deep into the night. And far away in the hills, candles and lanterns burn as the children read borrowed books deep into their night,_____15_____.

1. A. other B. another C. the other D. the others

2. A. fills with B. filled with C. is filled with D. was filled with

3. A. must B. could C. would D. may

4. A. a B. an C. the D. /

5. A. what B. who C. why D. how

6. A. in B. on C. at D. for

7. A. drink B. drinking C. drinks D. to drink

8. A. wait B. waited C. are waiting D. have waited

9. A. some money B. any money C. some moneys D. any moneys

10. A. he B. his C. him D. himself

11. A. Before B. When C. If D. Because

12. A. cheer B. cheerful C. cheerfully D. more cheerful

13. A. sleep B. slept C. sleeps D. sleeping

14. A. and B. but C. or D. so

15. A. either B. neither C. also D. too

【答案】1. B    2. C    3. A    4. B    5. A    6. B    7. D    8. C    9. A    10. C    11. B    12. C    13. D    14. A    15. D

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述喜欢读书的大卫，因为家里书太多，而把书送到远处的山里给孩子们分享他的书的故事。

【1题详解】

句意:他读完一本书，就带回家另一本书。

other其他的，形容词； another又一个，再一个（三者或以上），指泛指，形容词和代词；the other（两个中的）另一个，代词，剩余的，形容词； others其他的，代词，泛指。根据one book可知此处用another，表示三者以上的另一个。故选B。

【2题详解】

句意：不久房子里堆满了书。

fills with动词一般现在时的第三人称单数；filled with动词的过去式；is filled with充满，一般现在时；was filled with充满，一般过去时态。主语是the house表示某地方装满了某物用短语be filled with，句子是一般现在时，用is filled with。故选C。

【3题详解】

句意：你必须做点事情。

must必须；could能；would将；may可能。根据“His wife, Alice, is angry”可知此处用情态动词must表示“必须”。故选A。

【4题详解】

句意： 大卫努力地想到一个主意。

a不定冠词，用在辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用在元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词。此处表示泛指“一个”，idea是元音音素开始的单词，用不定冠词an。故选B。

【5题详解】

句意：我可以把书带到远处的山里，和孩子们分享我拥有的书。

what什么；who谁；why为什么；how怎样。此处用what来引导宾语从句，表示“我拥有的书”。故选A。

【6题详解】

句意：在一个晴朗的早晨，大卫和他的驴停在河边喝水。

in用在年、月的前面；on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午，下午或晚上；at 用于具体的时刻前面；for接一段时间。根据“a sunny morning”可知表达的是具体的上午用介词on。故选B。

【7题详解】

句意：在一个晴朗的早晨，大卫和他的驴停在河边喝水。

drink动词原形；drinking动名词；drinks动词的第三人称单数；to drink动词不定式。此处表示目的状语用动词不定式to drink。故选D。

【8题详解】

句意：孩子们正等着。

wait等，动词原形；waited动词的过去式；are waiting动词的现在进行时；have waited单词的现在完成时。此处用现在进行时are waiting表示“正在等待”。故选C。

【9题详解】

句意：下一次我想要一些钱。

some money一些钱；any money一些钱，用于否定或疑问句；some moneys结构错误；any moneys结构错误。此处肯定句用some money表示“一些钱”。故选A。

【10题详解】

句意：孩子们跑过来见他。

he他；his他的；him他，宾格；himself他自己。此处指的是孩子们见大卫，动词meet后面用宾格him。故选C。

【11题详解】

句意：当故事结束的时候，每个人选一本书的时候到了。

before在……之前；when当……时候；if如果；because因为。此处是时间状语，用when引导从句表示“当故事结束的时候”。故选B。

【12题详解】

句意：当孩子们说再见的时候，他们紧紧地抱着书开心地跑回家。

cheer欢呼；cheerful开心的；cheerfully开心地；more cheerful更开心。此处用副词修饰动词run,此处用cheerfully。故选C。

【13题详解】

句意：但是，大卫没有去睡觉，而是拿起书来，一直读到深夜。

sleep睡觉，动词原形；slept动词的过去式；sleeps动词的第三人称单数；sleeping动名词。instead of后面用动名词，此处用sleeping。故选D。

【14题详解】

句意：但是，大卫没有去睡觉，而是拿起书来，一直读到深夜。

and和；but但是；or否则；so因此。此处表示承接，用连词and。故选A。

【15题详解】

句意：在远处的山里，蜡烛和灯笼亮着，孩子们也在读着借来的书到深夜。

either二者之一；neither二者都不；also也，用于句中；too也，用于句末。放在句末，用逗号和句子隔开，表示“也”用too。故选D。

二、完形填空

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

One sunny morning, when Zebra(斑马) visited the river for a cool drink, he heard a tiny voice. “Help me, Zebra!”

Zebra looked around and found Wasp(黄蜂) ___16___ in a spider web in a thornbush (荆棘丛). Carefully, Zebra reached into it, but the thorns ____17____ him. “Ouch!” Zebra stepped back and was leaving.

“Please help me,” said Wasp. “One day I will ____18____ your help.”

Zebra laughed. “I’m fast and strong. Besides, I have a big family. Why would I need help from a ____19____ wasp?”

“Please try one more time,” Wasp said. Zebra knocked at the web. ____20____, this time it was enough to free Wasp. “Try to stay out of trouble,” Zebra said. “I might not be nearby the next time a spider gets ___21___.” Then he left.

All day, Zebra stayed with his family until he noticed his favourite fruit — some berries! The hungry Zebra ran to ____22____ the berries.

Wasp was resting in the bushes when she saw Zebra. She also found Lion hiding quietly ahead. If Zebra got too close to Lion …

Thinking quickly, Wasp flew down and gave Lion a sudden sting. The ____23____ lion cried. “Roooooaaar!” Zebra heard the loud cry. In a second, he turned around and ran back ____24____.

A moment later, Wasp flew around Zebra’s head. “Try to stay out of trouble,” Wasp said with a ______25______. “I might not be nearby the next time a lion gets hungry.”

16. A. resting B. playing C. caught D. hidden

17. A. hurt B. hit C. refused D. killed

18. A. remember B. return C. repeat D. report

19. A. noisy B. lazy C. shy D. little

20. A. Sadly B. Suddenly C. Luckily D. Strangely

21. A. sleepy B. angry C. thirsty D. hungry

22. A. smell B. taste C. touch D. watch

23. A. surprised B. excited C. interested D. bored

24. A. friend B. family C. river D. fruit

25. A. laugh B. shout C. wish D. promise

【答案】16. C    17. A    18. B    19. D    20. C    21. D    22. B    23. A    24. B    25. A

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了斑马与黄蜂互相帮助的故事。

【16题详解】

句意：斑马环顾四周，发现黄蜂被荆棘丛中的蜘蛛网缠住了。

考查非谓语动词。A. resting休息；B. playing玩耍；C. caught绊住；D. hidden躲藏。根据上文Help me, Zebra!可知，黄蜂被荆棘丛中的蜘蛛网缠住了。C选项符合句意，故选C。

【17题详解】

句意：斑马小心翼翼地把手伸进去，但荆棘刺痛了他。

考查动词。A. hurt（使）疼痛；B. hit击打；C. refused拒绝；D. killed杀死。根据下文Ouch!可知，荆棘刺痛了斑马。A选项符合句意，故选A。

【18题详解】

句意：总有一天我会报答你对我的帮助的。

考查动词。A. remember记住；B. return回报；C. repeat重复；D. report报道。根据下文Why would I need help from a little wasp?可知，此处黄蜂对斑马表示“总有一天我会报答你对我的帮助的”。B选项符合句意，故选B。

【19题详解】

句意：为什么我会需要一只小黄蜂的帮助？

考查形容词。A. noisy吵闹的；B. lazy懒散的；C. shy害羞的；D. little小的。根据上文I’m fast and strong可知，斑马认为自己又快又壮，所以看不上块头小的黄蜂。D选项符合句意，故选D。

【20题详解】

句意：幸运的是，这次足够解救黄蜂了。

考查副词。A. Sadly悲哀地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Luckily幸运地；D. Strangely奇怪地。根据下文this time it was enough to free Wasp可知，斑马的第一次尝试失败了，第二次尝试则幸运地成功了。C选项符合句意，故选C。

【21题详解】

句意：下次蜘蛛饿了，我可能就未必会在附近了。

考查形容词。A. sleepy瞌睡的；B. angry生气的；C. thirsty口渴的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据上文Zebra looked around and found Wasp(黄蜂) caught in a spider web in a thornbush可知，黄蜂被蜘蛛网缠住了，要是没有斑马的帮忙，就可能会被蜘蛛吃掉了。故此处说的是“下次蜘蛛饿了，我可能就未必会在附近了”。D选项符合句意，故选D。

【22题详解】

句意：饥饿的斑马跑去品尝浆果。

考查动词。A. smell闻；B. taste尝；C. touch触摸；D. watch观看。根据句中hungry和the berries提示，此处说的是“饥饿的斑马跑去品尝浆果”。B选项符合句意，故选B。

23题详解】

句意：惊诧的狮子大叫了一声。

考查形容词。A. surprised惊讶的；B. excited兴奋的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. bored厌烦的。根据上文Thinking quickly, Wasp flew down and gave Lion a sudden sting可知，黄蜂猛地盯了狮子一口，诧异的狮子大叫了一声。A选项符合句意，故选A。

【24题详解】

句意：不一会儿，他转身跑回了家。

考查名词。A. friend朋友；B. family家庭；C. river河；D. fruit水果。根据上文Besides, I have a big family可知，斑马发现危险之后，立即跑回了家里寻求保护。B选项符合句意，故选B。

【25题详解】

句意：黄蜂笑着说。

考查名词。A. laugh笑；B. shout叫喊；C. wish许愿；D. promise承诺。结合上下文Try to stay out of trouble和I might not be nearby the next time a lion gets hungry可知，黄蜂把斑马说的话又还给了它，黄蜂报答了斑马，此处应该是笑着说的。A选项符合句意，故选A。

三、阅读

第一节 阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从26~45各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

（A）

“Amy! Milk!” Mama called.

Milk. It was Amy’s turn to get it. Amy sighed and shut her first-aid(急救) book.

Amy tied the cow close to a tree. Somewhere down the mountain, some volunteer doctors were teaching medical skills to village nurses. Amy heard Betty dive off hours ago. “She should have taken me with her. She thinks I’m too young.” Amy thought. “But she’s wrong. I am already 15!”

Amy carried the milk back to Mama, then wandered up the road. Roy, a village boy, was trying to stand on a horse’s back. “No wonder they don’t trust kids with anything important,” Amy thought.

She had just turned away when she heard a heavy fall and a few cries. Roy was on the ground. “Roy!” The kids nearby ran towards him. “Get Betty,” one said. Amy shook her head. “Betty’s gone to the city.”

The kids didn’t know what to do. Amy ran to Roy and saw one of his legs out of shape. A broken leg! She remembered what the first-aid book said about it.

“Victor!” Amy called to one of the boys. “Go get Roy’s mama, and find someone with a truck,” She turned to the others. “Give me your shirts. We need something to tie his leg with.”

Amy then found a strong, straight stick. She carefully wrapped the shirts around Roy’s leg and the stick. Roy cried out in pain. “I know it hurts,” Amy said softly. “But this will hold it still until you get to the hospital.”

When Amy was done, she looked up and saw Roy’s mama and a man watching beside a truck. “Thank you, Amy,” Roy’s mama said. Amy helped them lift Roy into the truck, then they drove down the hillside towards the hospital.

The next day, Betty came to Amy’s home. “I heard what you did,” Betty said. “You kept your head in an emergency. That’s an important skill.”

Amy’s face turned red. “I was afraid ...”

Betty shook her head. “It’s OK for a nurse to be afraid, as long as she has a clear head. The volunteer doctors are coming tomorrow with vaccines. We need some more hands. Can you help?”

“I’d love to.” Amy replied at once.

“Come early, then. There is a lot to learn.”

Amy smiled. “I’ll bring my first-aid book.”

26. Why didn’t Betty take Amy with her to the medical training?

A. Amy was busy reading. B. Amy had to milk the cow.

C. Betty left too early in the morning. D. Betty thought Amy wasn’t old enough.

27. What happened to Roy?

A. He fell off the horseback. B. He was kicked by the horse.

C He successfully stood on the horseback. D. He was pulled off the horseback by the kids.

28. What is the correct order of Amy’s first-aid actions?

a. She found a proper stick.                    b. She helped lift Roy into the truck.

c. She asked the boys for some shirts.            d. She tied the shirts around the broken leg.

e. She sent someone to get Roy’s mum and a truck.

A. c-e-a-b-d B. a-c-e-d-b C. e-c-a-d-b D. e-c-a-b-d

29. Why did Betty invite Amy to help the doctors in the end?

A. Amy had similar experiences before.

B. Amy was cool-headed when giving first-aid.

C Betty regretted not taking Amy to the training.

D. Betty realized that Amy had become a good doctor.

30. Which sentence best describes a lesson from the story?

A. Only trained doctors and nurses can provide first-aid.

B. Knowledge from books can help solve real-life problems.

C. Children need enough practice before they can be helpful.

D. Helping with housework is important to children’s health.

【答案】26. D    27. A    28. C    29. B    30. B

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了艾米将书上所学急救知识运用到实际中的故事。

【26题详解】

题意：贝蒂为什么不带艾米去参加医疗训练？

细节理解题。根据原文She should have taken me with her. She thinks I’m too young可知，贝蒂觉得艾米太年轻了，所以没有带她去。D选项Betty thought Amy wasn’t old enough“贝蒂觉得艾米的年纪还没达到”符合题意，故选D。

【27题详解】

题意：罗伊怎么了？

细节理解题。根据原文Roy, a village boy, was trying to stand on a horse’s back … She had just turned away when she heard a heavy fall and a few cries. Roy was on the ground可知，罗伊从马背上摔了下来。A选项He fell off the horseback“他从马背上摔下来了”符合题意，故选A。

【28题详解】

题意：艾米实施急救的正确顺序是什么？

细节理解题。根据原文可知，艾米实施急救的正确顺序是：找人去叫来罗伊的妈妈和一辆卡车——问男孩们要衬衫——找一根结实的棍子——用衬衫将罗伊的腿和棍子固定起来——把罗伊抬上卡车。C选项e-c-a-d-b符合题意，故选C。

【29题详解】

题意：贝蒂最后为什么邀请艾米去帮助医生？

推理判断题。根据原文It’s OK for a nurse to be afraid, as long as she has a clear head可知，护士需要冷静的头脑，由此可推断艾米在急救中表现出的头脑冷静打动了贝蒂。B选项Amy was cool-headed when giving first-aid“艾米在急救时头脑冷静”符合题意，故选B。

【30题详解】

题意：下列哪一句子能最好的概况该故事给人们的启示？

主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了艾米将书上所学急救知识运用到实际中的故事。B选项Knowledge from books can help solve real-life problems“书本上的知识可以帮助解决现实生活中的问题”符合题意，故选B。

（B）

How would you like to build a time machine? Paper, sticks, glue and string are all you need.Put them together to build a kite. A kite connects you to the past.

No one knows who flew the first kite. It was probably someone in China or perhaps Indonesia.Indonesia. Indonesian fishermen hung fishhooks on kites and sent them out to sea to catch fish. Starting 2,000years ago, Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth.

In China, people also used kites during wartime. One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away.

About 1,300 years ago, Chinese travelers took kites to Japan. Soon kites filled the skies there.Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago. During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain. Over time, kites flew their way out of Asia.Today, kites are a passion all over the world. Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun.

Over the years,Kites have also helped people understand the natural world.In 1749, for example, thermometers were tied to kites to measure temperatures. In 1906, cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco, California after an earthquake. The photos helped people plan what to do.

Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes. The Wright brothers studied how kites flew, which helped them make the first successful airplane.

Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air,people have loved flying kites. Kites give us ways to celebrate, relax and explore. So go fly a kite! Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries.

31. According to the passage, in which countries were kites used to make good wishes?

A. China and Japan. B. China and Thailand.

C. Japan and Indonesia. D. Thailand and Indonesia.

32. According to the Chinese story, the army used kites to___________.

A. make the enemies leave in fear B. celebrate victories during wartime

C. stop the enemies from sleeping well D. carry soldiers to fight against the enemies

33. The underlined word “passion”in Paragraph 4 means__________.

A. strong love B. useful machine

C. happy dream D. common treasure

34. How does the writer develop Paragraph 5?

A. By telling stories. B. By listing numbers.

C. By comparing facts. D. By giving examples.

35. What’s the purpose of this passage?

A. To show people how to fly kites.

B. To explain how kites are used in science.

C. To introduce the roles of kites in history.

D. To discuss the difference among kites worldwide.

【答案】31. B    32. A    33. A    34. D    35. C

【解析】

【分析】

本文介绍了风筝在过去所起的作用。自古代中国起，人们就喜欢放风筝。风筝给了我们庆祝、放松和探索的方式。

【31题详解】

推理判断题。根据“Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth.”和“During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain.”可知，在中国和泰国，人们用风筝来表达美好的愿望，故选B。

【32题详解】

细节理解题。根据“One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away.”可知，根据一个中国故事所说，军队使用风筝让敌人在恐惧中离开。故选A。

【33题详解】

词义猜测题。strong love强烈的爱，useful machine有用的机器，happy dream愉快的梦，common treasure共同的财富。根据“Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun.”可知，人们喜欢风筝，所以passion与A项意思相符。故选A。

【34题详解】

细节理解题。根据“In 1749, for example,”和“In 1906, cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco, ”可知，作者通过举例子来展开第5段，故选D。

【35题详解】

推理判断题。根据“Over the years,Kites have also helped people understand the natural world.”和“Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes.”可知，本文主要介绍风筝在历史上起的作用，故选C。

【点睛】

（C）

Five interesting sports

Our most unusual sports from around the world

Every country has a national sport and some popular sports are now played across the world, However, in most countries, people also play unusual sports, with strange or interesting rules. Here are our top five unusual sports from around the planet.

Man vs. Horse Marathon

This race takes place in a small town in Wales, about 200 miles from London. It’s called a marathon (马拉松),but it's actually 35.4km, not 42.2km like a usual marathon.People race against horses across the hills and mountains.It started in 1981, but a human did not win until 2004.

Camel Wrestling

In Turkey, camel（骆驼）wrestling is a very old sport. The largest camel wrestling competition takes place every year and thousands of people come. In the sport, two camels fight against each other. Sometimes the camels do not want to fight and they run through the crowds, which can be dangerous.

Dragon Boat Racing

Every year in China, thousands of people watch dragon boat races. A dragon boat is a traditional Chinese boat with a painted dragon's head on one end. There can be up to 36 people or more racing in each boat in the water. Dragon boat racing is also popular in some other Asian countries.

Caber Toss

In this sport, players compete to throw a large piece of wood called a caber as far as they can. There is no rule about the size of the caber, but it’s usually the size of a small tree. It’s an ancient Scottish sport. Visitors to the UK can check it out.

Chess Boxing

A good chess boxer needs to be both strong and smart. Players play a round of chess, followed by a round of boxing. There are eleven rounds in total. Chess boxing was invented in 1992 by an English comic book writer. The sport is more popular in England and Germany.

36. What can we learn about Man vs. Horse Marathon?

A. it is an outdoor sport. B. It first appeared 16 years ago.

C. No human has ever won the game. D. It follows the rules of a usual marathon.

37. Which of the following is mentioned about Camel Wrestling?

A. It should be stopped. B. It’s worth seeing.

C. It s unfair to the animals. D. It’s sometimes dangerous to watch.

38. Which picture best describes Caber Toss?

A.  B.  C.  D.

39. Which sport is popular in Asia?

A. Man vs. Horse Marathon. B. Dragon Boat Racing.

C. Caber Toss. D. Chess Boxing.

40. How many sports have animals as players?

A. 1 B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.

【答案】36. A    37. D    38. C    39. B    40. B

【解析】

文章大意：本文介绍了来自世界各地的五项有趣的运动：人和马的马拉松比赛、骆驼摔跤、赛龙舟、抛竿赛、国际象棋拳击。

【36题详解】

细节理解题。根据Man vs. Horse Marathon中的信息People race against horses across the hills and mountains. 人们和马比赛穿越山丘和山脉。可知人和马的马拉松比赛是一项户外运动，故答案选A。

【37题详解】

细节理解题。根据Camel Wrestling中的信息Sometimes the camels do not want to fight and they run through the crowds, which can be dangerous.有时骆驼不想打架，它们会在人群中奔跑，这是很危险的。可知有时观看骆驼摔跤是很危险的，故答案选D。

【38题详解】

细节理解题。根据Caber Toss中的信息In this sport, players compete to throw a large piece of wood called a caber as far as they can. There is no rule about the size of the caber, but it’s usually the size of a small tree.在这项运动中，选手们要比赛把一大块叫做“木棒”的木头扔到尽可能远的地方。没有关于木柱大小的规定，但通常是一棵小树的大小。结合选项，可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。

【39题详解】

推理判断题。根据Dragon Boat Racing中的信息Every year in China, thousands of people watch dragon boat races. 在中国，每年都有成千上万的人观看龙舟比赛。中国是亚洲的一个国家，可知赛龙舟在亚洲流行，故答案选B。

【40题详解】

理解归纳题。根据Man vs. Horse Marathon中的信息People race against horses across the hills and mountains. 人们和马比赛穿越山丘和山脉。以及Camel Wrestling中的信息In the sport, two camels fight against each other. 在这项运动中，两只骆驼互相搏斗。可知有两项运动中有动物作为运动员，故答案选B。

（D）

What will astronauts（宇航员）eat when a space trip takes years?

“Lots of fresh vegetables,” says Dr. Janet Williams, whose team have spent the last 10 years learning how to grow plants in a space station. And it’s a good thing that she has already started her work, because space gardening can be really hard.

As usual, astronaut George White looked into the closed plant room. He had planted Dr. Williams’s quick-growing seedlings in it, but none of the stems were showing. He opened the room to check and found the problem. The stems weren’t growing upward and the roots weren't growing downward. On Earth, gravity（重力）helps a plant’s stems and roots to find “up”and “down”. However, in the space station, there was almost no gravity.

Dr. Williams suggested a solution: give the plants more light, as plants also use sunlight to find their way. And it worked. When the plants had more light, the stems turned up and the roots went down.

Now Dr. Williams was free to worry about the next problem:Would her baby plants live to flower? Can we grow food on a space journey?

Many plants died in the space station. Dr. Williams thought she knew why: the space plants were hungry for air. Plants live by taking up CO2 from the air. Since a plant uses it up in the air around, the plant needs moving air to bring more CO2 close to its surface! On Earth, the air is always moving. Gravity pulls down cold air, and warm air rises. And with these air movements, plants get enough CO2.

Many earlier experiments with plants in space had used closed rooms.Dr. Williams tried a new greenhouse that had a fan to keep the air move. The plants loved it. They flowered and even produced more seeds. Using Dr. Williams's method, astronaut George completed the first seed-to-seed experiment in space, and moved one plant closer to a garden in space.

“And this,” says Dr.Williams, “is good news for long-term space travel.”

41. Why have Dr. Williams’s team tried to grow plants in space?

A. To produce fresh air for astronauts.

B. To help astronauts relax themselves.

C. To provide food for long space journeys.

D. To make the space garden more beautiful.

42. How did light help solve the problem mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A. It caused the gravity to change.

B. It encouraged the plants to grow faster.

C. It helped the plants to grow in the right direction.

D. It showed the astronauts where to plant vegetables.

43. Why did many plants die in the space station?

A. The light was too strong.

B. There was too much CO2.

C. There was not enough room to grow.

D. The air condition was not good enough.

44. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refers to________.

A. the moving air B. the closed room C. the space journey D. the space garden

45. What can we learn about Dr. Williams’s team from the passage?

A. They mainly live on fresh vegetables.

B. They have successfully built a space garden.

C. They invented a special fan for their greenhouse.

D. They have worked on space gardening for many years.

【答案】41. C    42. C    43. D    44. A    45. D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文，文章介绍威廉博士和他的团队在太空中种植植物给太空旅行提供新鲜蔬菜的研究。

【41题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段“What will astronauts eat when a space trip takes years? ‘Lots of fresh vegetables, ’ says Dr. Janet Williams, whose team have spent the last 10 years learning how to grow plants in a space station”可知是在太空种植植物是为了给太空旅行提供食物。故选C。

【42题详解】

推理判断题。根据“give the plants more light, as plants also use sunlight to find their way. And it worked. When the plants had more light, the stems turned up and the roots went down”可知光线帮助植物按正确的方向生长。故选C。

【43题详解】

细节理解题。根据“the space plants were hungry for air”可知因为空气不是足够好，所以很多植物在太空死去。故选D。

【44题详解】

词义猜测题。根据“keep the air move”可知此处it指的是移动的空气the moving air。故选A。

【45题详解】

推理判断题。根据“Many earlier experiments with plants in space had used closed rooms.Dr. Williams tried a new greenhouse that had a fan to keep the air move.”可知太空种植的钻研有很多年，故选D。

第二节  阅读填空

阅读短文及文后A〜E选项，选出可以填入46〜50各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑

Storytelling

Storytelling has caught the human imagination for thousands of years. People everywhere have told stories to amuse, to teach, to remember, and just to pass the time. People started telling stories long before writing was invented.____46____But people all over the world still tell one another stories out loud. A person who can tell a good story nearly always finds listeners.

Before people developed writing, storytelling was the most important way to pass along information. Anything a culture wanted to protect一its beliefs, its history, and its traditions—had to be told out loud. Each generation would tell the culture’s stories to the next._____47_____Knowledge passed on in this method is called the spoken tradition. Even cultures that know how to write still pass along some information in this way.

_____48_____In other cultures only special storytellers were trusted to do this important job.A culture’s best storytellers had good memories. They could also make the stories very interesting, so people would listen and remember them. Sometimes people would sing the stories or tell them in the form of poems._____49_____

However, stories told aloud change over time as different people tell them. A storyteller might change a story in order to make it better. Or a teller may simply not remember all the details of a story. Unlike written stories, the spoken tradition is not created by any one person. _____50_____Sometimes the stories are collected and written down long after they have been created.

A. In this way the stories were passed along.

B. In some cultures everyone would pass along the stories.

C. Songs and poems can both make stories easier to remember.

D. Instead, a whole culture helps shape the changing stories throughout history.

E. Today stories are also written down in books and acted out in movies, TV shows, and plays.

【答案】46. E    47. A    48. B    49. C    50. D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍故事讲述的方式的形成、演变以及文化的传递。

【46题详解】

句意：今天故事也被写在书里，在电影里、电视节目里和戏剧中表演出来。

根据前文“started”可知前一句在讲述过去，根据后文“still tell”可知此处在讲述现在，E选项“Today stories are also written down in books and acted out in movies, TV shows, and plays”符合。故选E。

【47题详解】

句意：以这样的方式，故事被传递下去。

根据前文“Each generation would tell the culture’s stories to the next”每一代将文化故事讲给下一代，这样让故事传递，A选项“In this way the stories were passed along”符合故选A。

【48题详解】

句意：在一些文化里，每个人传递着这些故事。

根据后文“In other cultures”可知此处讲述的是“在一些文化里……在另一些文化里……”，B选项“In some cultures everyone would pass along the stories”符合。故选B。

【49题详解】

句意：歌曲和诗歌都能让故事更容易记住。

根据前文“people would sing the stories or tell them in the form of poems”人们会唱歌或者用诗歌的形式来讲故事，此处与歌曲和诗歌有关，C选项“Songs and poems can both make stories easier to remember”符合。故选C。

【50题详解】

句意：相反，整个文化帮助形成了贯穿历史的改变着的故事。

根据前文“the spoken tradition is not created by any one person”口头讲述的故事不是由任何一个人创作出来的，而是整个文化，D选项“Instead, a whole culture helps shape the changing stories throughout history”符合。故选D。

第一节 单词拼写

根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）

51.He gets up early and exercises every day. It's a good h___________.

【答案】habit

【解析】

【详解】句意：他每天早起锻炼。这是一个好习惯。

根据He gets up early and exercises every day.可知，早起锻炼，这是一个好习惯，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填habit。

【点睛】

52.It’s a general rule to keep q________ in libraries and concerts.

【答案】quiet

【解析】

【详解】句意：在图书馆和音乐会要保持安静，这是一个基本的规则。

根据“in libraries and concerts”可知此处表达“保持安静”，系动词keep后面用形容词quiet作表语。故答案为quiet。

53.For visitors to Guangzhou, there are p__________of places to experience its culture.

【答案】plenty

【解析】

【详解】句意：有很多地方可以让广州的游客体验它的文化。

根据places可知此处用短语plenty of表示“许多”。故答案为plenty。

54.U_____________you work hard, you will not succeed.

【答案】Unless

【解析】

【详解】句意：除非你工作努力，不然你不会成功。

此处用连词unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”，相当于If you don’t work hard。句首首字母u大写。故答案为Unless。

55.Before you t__________ away anything, always think whether it can be reused or not.

【答案】throw

【解析】

【详解】句意：在你扔掉任何东西之前，总是想想是否它可以被再次使用。

句子是一般现在时，根据“always think whether it can be reused or not”及首字母提示可知此处用动词短语throw away表示“扔掉”。故答案为throw。

56.The study group discussed the problem again and again, and they f_________ worked it out.

【答案】finally

【解析】

【详解】句意：研究小组一遍又一遍地讨论这个问题，他们最终想到了这个问题的解决办法。

动词worked it out用副词修饰，根据首字母提示可知此处用finally表示“最终”。故答案为finally。

第二节 完成句子

根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）

57.凯特决定去社区工作，而不去度假。

Instead of__________ ___________ ___________, Kate decided to work in the community.

【答案】    (1). going/taking    (2). on/ a    (3). holiday/ vacation

【解析】

【详解】“Instead of”表示“而不是”，后面用动名词，表示“去度假”用动名词going on holiday或者taking a holiday或者taking a vacation。故答案为going/taking on/ a holiday/ vacation。

58.在我们的帮助下，小鸟终于回巢了。

___________ ___________ _______________, the baby bird got back to its nest in the end.

【答案】    (1). With    (2). our    (3). help

【解析】

【详解】with one's help“在某人的帮助下”，故填With our help。

【点睛】

59.学好英语，以便我们能够与世界分享中国故事。

Learn English well___________ ___________we can share Chinese stories with the world.

【答案】    (1). so    (2). that

【解析】

【详解】根据“以便”可知此处是目的状语，用so that 引导目的状语从句。故答案为so that。

60.从这里走到白云山顶大约要花一小时。

____________ _____________about an hour_____________ ______________to the top of the Baiyun Mountain from here.

【答案】    (1). It    (2). takes    (3). to    (4). walk

【解析】

【详解】表示“做某事要花多少时间”用“It takes +时间+to do”的结构。It作形式主语，句子是一般现在时，动词用takes。真正的主语是动词不定式to walk。故答案为It takes; to walk。

61.明年广州将会使用更多智能出租车。

More smart taxis__________ ___________ ___________in Guangzhou next year.

【答案】    (1). will    (2). be    (3). used

【解析】

【详解】根据“明年”可知句子是一般将来时，主语taxis和谓语动词“使用use”之间是被动关系，动词用一般将来时的被动形式will be used。故答案为will be used。

62.流溪河的水多么清澈啊！

__________ _____________the water in the Liuxi River is!

【答案】    (1). How    (2). clean

【解析】

【详解】表示“清澈”用形容词clean，此处用how引导感叹句，用“How+形容词+主语+谓语动词”的结构。此处填how clean。句首首字母h大写。故答案为How clean。

63.我很好奇你在艺术节唱了哪首歌。

I wonder_________song__________ ____________at the art festival.

【答案】    (1). which    (2). you    (3). sang

【解析】

【详解】which song哪首歌，根据句意“唱了”，此处叙述发生过的事，用一般过去时，sing“唱”，过去式是sang。作为动词wonder的宾语从句，用陈述语序：疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语，故填which， you， sang。

【点睛】

第三节 书面表达

64.今天的英语课上，班级进行了题为“我送过的一份珍贵礼物，”的主题分享。请你写一篇英语短文，汇报你们四人小组的分享内容，需包括以下要点。

注意：1. 词数：80词左右（短文的开头己给出，不计入词数）：

2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。

In today's English class, we had a discussion on “A valuable gift I gave”. Here is what we shared in ou group. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】参考范文：

In today’s English class.we had a discussion on “A valuable gift I gave”.Here is what we shared in our group.

A valuable gift given by Bob was a bowl of soup to his parents. In his opinion, he considered it as a good gift to express his thanks and love to them. Kate gave a photo album to one of her good friends because she wanted to cherish every moment with her/him, hoping that their friendship could last forever. In addition, Lily sent her foreign teacher a piece of paper cutting which can fully represent Chinese culture.

For me, what I gave to my grandparent was a smartphone. We don't live together and my parents are so busy that we can't meet each other often. However, we can have video chats by smartphone.

【解析】

【详解】题干解读：这篇短文要求学生们根据题目中给出的图表，汇报一下你这个小组中四个人送过的珍贵的礼物。写作前，应仔细观察图表中的信息，浏览可知，短文中应介绍清楚这个礼物是谁送给谁的，是什么以及为什么送这个礼物。图表中给出的都是关键词语，学生写作时，应用完整的句子表达。并且对于最后一栏中自己送的礼物，学生需要发挥想象力，结合实际情况，进行补充。短文应以一般过去时态为主来叙述。

例文点评：这是一篇优秀的作文。首先文章内容完整，包括了图表中的所有信息，对最后一栏的内容进行了补充，并对细节进行了拓展，使文章的内容更加充实。短文有三段，第一段是题目中给出的开头；第二段中作者主要介绍了小组中其他三人送的礼物；最后一段介绍了自己送过的礼物。层次清晰，叙述有条理。其次短文中使用了正确的时态和人称，文章以一般过去时和一般现在时为主，符合表达需要，语法规范，用词准确。句式结构完整，有变化，增强了文章的表现力。

高分亮点：

短语：in one’s opinion；in addition；each other。

句型：过去分词作后置定语；动词不定式作目的状语；because引导原因状语从句；现在分词作伴随状语；which引导定语从句；what引导主语从句；so…that引导结果状语从句。

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