初中英语中考复习 13-晨读暮省(9)-2021年中考英语考纲核心词汇50天通关之拓展读练测
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这是一份初中英语中考复习 13-晨读暮省(9)-2021年中考英语考纲核心词汇50天通关之拓展读练测,共14页。试卷主要包含了 magic, main, manage, A, master,这些杯子没有能配对儿的, mean, medical等内容,欢迎下载使用。
1. magic
adj.有魔力的;n.魔法;魔术
关联词组:magic trick魔术;magic art魔术;巫术;as if by magic/like magic不可思议地;像魔术一般;magic wrds/spell咒语,魔咒
用法:名词magic可以引申为“魔力,魅力”,常与介词f搭配。例如:
the magic f Christmas圣诞节的魔力
词性转换:magical adj.魔术的;有魔力的;magically adv.用魔法地;魔法般地;magician n.魔术师,变戏法的人
(2019,湖南卷,阅读B)Severus Snape is a skillful wizard(巫师)teaching magic in Harry Ptter.
2. main
adj.主要的,最重要的
关联词组:main bdy主体;main reasn主要原因;main part主要部分;main idea主旨,主要意思;main street大街;main frce主力(军);main purpse主要目的;main rad主路;main curse主菜
用法:main一般只放在名词前面。例如:
The main reasn fr living in Spain is the weather.居住在西班牙的主要原因是天气。
词性转换:mainly adv.主要地,大体上;
近义词:imprtant adj.重要的;key adj.关键的,至关重要的;central adj.中央的,至关重要的
(2019,北京卷,阅读B)
26. Sally’s stry mainly tells us that .
A. winning a race is imprtant
B. fishing brings us a lt f fun
C. driving experience is necessary
D. learning happens during the prcess
3. manage
v.管理;设法
用法
eq \\ac(○,1)manage表示“管理,负责(生意,企业,部门)”,相当于cntrl:
The cmpany had been very badly managed.公司管理非常糟糕。
eq \\ac(○,2)manage表示“设法做成,努力完成(困难的事)”,相当于succeed,常用于manage t d sth.结构:
I finally managed t push the huge animal away.我终于把这个庞大的动物推走了。
eq \\ac(○,3)manage表示“成功应付(难题),对付过去”,是不及物动词,与deal with相近,后面常接with/withut:
Hw d yu manage withut a washing machine?没有洗衣机你怎么对付?
词性转换:management n.管理;manager n.经理;管理者
(2019,北京卷,完形)
I was busy preparing in the fllwing week. My plan wasn’t t make prmises t d things I culdn’t ___14___ but t shw my class why I wanted t be president.
14. A. cmpareB. rememberC. manageD. repeat
4. marry
v.(使)成婚;结婚
用法:marry可作及物动词,表示“娶/嫁”,可作不及物动词,表示“结婚”;在口语中经常用Wuld yu marry me?来向某人求婚。例如:
I’m ging t ask her t marry me n St Valentine’s Day.我打算在情人节向她求婚。
Peple in higher scial classes are mre likely t marry late.社会阶层较高的人士倾向于晚婚。
词性转换:married adj.已婚的:get married结婚;marriage n.婚姻(生活),结婚
(2019,重庆卷,阅读C)Befre lng, they gt married and mved t the ld huse where they first met.
5. master
v.精通,掌握;n.主人;硕士(学位)
master作动词,表示“掌握,精通(语言,技能)”:master a new language掌握一门新语言
master作名词有多重含义,可表示:
eq \\ac(○,1)“能手,擅长……者”,常接搭配f sth./at ding sth.:a master f shrt stry短篇小说大师
eq \\ac(○,2)“主人,雇主”,与仆人相对:They lived in fear f their master.他们惧怕主人,提心吊胆地过日子。
eq \\ac(○,3)“硕士,硕士学位”:a Master f Arts/Science文科╱理科硕士
词性转换:mastery n.掌握,精通
(2019,山西卷,词语运用)Tgether, the ld master and the yung beginner changed an embarrassing situatin int a wnderfully creative experience.
6. match
v.般配;使配对;n.比赛,竞赛;火柴
match作动词:
既是及物动词,也是不及物动词,表示“般配,使匹配”。例如:
The drs were painted blue t match the walls.门漆成了蓝色,为的是与墙的颜色相配。
Nne f these glasses match (= they are all different).这些杯子没有能配对儿的。
match作名词:
eq \\ac(○,1)可取动词的含义,表示“相配/称的人或物;敌手”,常用搭配有a match fr sb.=sb’s match某人的敌手,旗鼓相当者;n match fr sb.不是某人的对手
eq \\ac(○,2)可表示“比赛,竞赛”:ftball/basketball match足球/篮球比赛;win/lse a match赢得/输掉比赛
eq \\ac(○,3)可表示“火柴”:strike a match划火柴;a bx f matches一盒火柴
词性转换:matching adj.相配(称)的,一致的;matchless adj.无比的,无敌的
同义词:game/cmpetitin n.比赛,竞赛
(2019,山东卷,阅读B)They believe they will never match him.
7. mean
v.意思是,意指
词形变化:过去式meant,过去分词meant
eq \\ac(○,1)mean表示“意思是”,后面要接宾语或that从句:
This light means (that) yu’re running lw n fuel.这个灯亮说明汽油不多了。
eq \\ac(○,2)mean还可用来表示“意欲,打算”,相当于intend,常用语mean t d sth.的结构:
I didn’t mean t upset yu.我并不是要让你伤心。
词性转换:meaning n.意思,含义;meaningful adj.有意义的;意味深长的;meaningless adj.无意义的
(2019,北京卷,阅读C)This means living thrugh ur senses rather than thrugh ur thughts.
8. medical
adj.医学的,医疗的
关联词组:medical treatment治疗,医疗;medical service医疗服务;medical care医疗护理;medical science医学科学;medical schl医学院;medical examinatin健康检查
词性转换:medically adv.医学上地;医药上地;medicine n.药;药学:take the medicine吃药,服药
(2019,江苏卷,阅读填空)Medical evidence als supprts the idea that each persn has a bdy clck that helps t decide his r her sleep pattern.
9. meet
v.遇见,见到
词形变化:过去式met,过去分词met
meet既是及物动词,又是不及物动词,但一般不用被动语态。可表示:
eq \\ac(○,1)“(偶然地)相遇,遇见”:Maybe we'll meet again sme time.说不定我们什么时候还会再见面的。
eq \\ac(○,2)“(正式场合)开会,会晤”,或“(非正式)会面,集会”。例如:
The Prime Minister met ther Eurpean leaders fr talks.首相与其他欧洲首脑举行会谈。
Let's meet fr a drink after wrk.下班后我们一起去喝一杯吧。
词性转换:meeting n.会议;会见;集会:meeting rm会议室;have/hld a meeting召开/举行会议
(2019,北京卷,阅读C)We can give urselves new challenges, meet new peple, and expse ur minds t new infrmatin, hbbies and skills.
10. member
n.成员,会员
关联词组:team/grup member队(组)员;party/family member党员/家庭成员
用法:member即可指人,也可指物,尤其可指“成员国”:a member state/cuntry/natin会员国,成员国
关联单词:membership n.成员资格;会员身分
(2019,山东卷,词形转换)
64. In America, 95% f pet wners think f their animals as family ____________.(member)
11. memry
n.回忆;记忆力;存储器,存储量
关联词组:in memry f…纪念……;frm memry根据记忆;cmputer memry计算机内存
用法:
eq \\ac(○,1)memry (fr sth.)表示“记忆力,记性”:
She has a terrible memry fr names.她记名字很不行。
eq \\ac(○,2)常用memries表示“记忆,回忆”:
He has lts f happy memries f his stay in Japan.他对在日本逗留的那段时光有许多美好的回忆。
eq \\ac(○,3)memry还可以指计算机领域的“存储器/存储量”:128 Mb f memry 128M的存储量
词性转换:memris(z)e v.记住,背熟;memrial adj.记忆的;纪念的,追悼的;memrable adj.难忘的;值得纪念的
(2019,山东卷,阅读B)Because he grew up hearing s many fascinating memries abut Africa frm his parents, he went there and lived with the peple called The Bushmen f the Kalahari Desert.
12. mentin
v.&n.提及,提到;记载
关联词组:nt t mentin更不必说;at the mentin f一提起……
动词用法:
eq \\ac(○,1)mentin sth. (t sb.):Nbdy mentined anything t me abut it.没人跟我提过这事儿。
eq \\ac(○,2)mentin +that从或/wh-从句:Did she mentin where she was ging?她有没有说起她要去哪儿?
eq \\ac(○,3)Dn’t mentin it.在口语中用于别人道谢时回答,表示“不客气”
名词用法:后面常跟介词f,如:
He made n mentin f his wife’s illness.他没有提起他妻子生病的事。
(2019,江苏卷,阅读B)
24. Accrding t Paragraph 1, cakes and ice-cream are mentined t describe ____________.
A. the birth f chickensB. the difference between them
C. the use f eggsD. the way f keeping them
13. message
n.消息,音信
关联词组:leave a message留言;take a message捎口信,带口信;send a message发信息;get a message收到信息;shrt message短讯;text message(手机)短信息
用法:message常常搭配的介词为frm或fr:
There’s a message frm Karen n the answerphne.电话答录机里有卡伦的留言。
I have an urgent message fr yu.我有一条紧急消息要告诉你。
词性转换:messenger n.报信者,送信者
(2019,江西卷,短文填空)
If they are unavailable, ___31___ where they are, and then take a message.
14. mind
n.头脑,思想,思维;v.介意,关心
关联词组:make up ne’s mind (t d sth.)下决心/决定(做某事);keep/bear sth. in mind记住,把……放在心上;have sth. in mind想到……;心里已有……;change ne’s mind改变主意;mind ne’s wn business管自己的事,别管闲事
名词用法:表示“头脑”、“思想,思维”、“心思”;常用语短语in sb’s mind在某人脑中:
A plan began t frm in his mind. 一个计划开始在他的头脑里形成。
Her mind is cmpletely ccupied by the new baby. 她一心扑在刚出世的宝宝身上。
动词用法:
eq \\ac(○,1)mind (sb./sb.’s) ding sth.介意(某人)做某事,或者mind+ that/wh-从句:
Dn’t yur parents mind yu (yur) staying ut s late?你父母难道不介意你在外面待到这么晚吗?
eq \\ac(○,2)在口语中,mind常用在特定结构中表示请求允许或表达客气,如Wuld (D) yu mind…你介意……吗;I dn’t mind我不介意;never mind不要紧,没关系。例如:
D yu mind if I pen the windw?我开开窗户好吗?
Wuld yu mind explaining that again, please?请你再解释一遍行吗?
(2019,江苏卷,单项填空)
10.-Simn, where d yu want t eat?
-_______________. I eat anything.
A. I dn't mindB. My PleasureC. Gd ideaD. Certainly nt
15. mistake
n.错误;v.弄错
词形变化:过去式mistk,过去分词mistaken
关联词组:make a mistake犯错误;by mistake错误地,由于差错
用法:作动词时,mistake常用于mistake sb./sth. fr sb./sth.结构,表示“把……错当成”。例如:
A wman mistk him fr a well-knwn actr.有个女的错把他当成是某个著名演员。
词性转换:mistaken adj.错误的;弄错的;被误解的;mistakenly adv.错误地;曲解地,被误解地
(2019,北京卷,阅读B)We learn hw t d smething right by ding it a few times first and making mistakes alng the way.
16. mdern
adj.现代的
关联词组:mdern sciety现代社会;mdern times现代,近代;mdern technlgy现代技术
用法:
eq \\ac(○,1)从时间角度,mdern表示“现代的,近代的”,与过去相对:
Such cmpanies must change if they are t cmpete in the mdern wrld. 此类公司如果想在现代社会中与别人竞争,就必须有所改变。
eq \\ac(○,2)mdern表示“现代化的,新式的”,与传统相对:
A lt f prgress has been made with the use f mdern technlgy. 现代科技的应用带来了很大的进步。
词性转换:mdernis(z)e v.(使)现代化;mdernis(z)ed adj.现代化的;mdernis(z)atin n.现代化
易混单词:mdel n.模特;模型,原形;模范,范例:a tp fashin mdel顶级时装模特;a mdel airplane飞机模型;rle mdel榜样
(2019,江苏卷,阅读填空)Peple in mdern times can read the classic wrks which were written by Chinese in ancient times.
(2019,浙江卷,单项填空)
7.The instructins tell us everything ____________ abut hw t make the mdel ship.
A. by handB. by chanceC. in detailD. in persn
17. mment
n.片刻,瞬间
关联词组:at the mment此刻;当时;fr the mment暂时,目前;fr a mment片刻,一会儿;wait/just a mment等一会儿,稍等一下;ne mment等一下,马上;at the last mment在最后一刻,在最后关头
用法:表示“在某一时刻”不要用介词in,而用介词at,如at this mment在此刻,at that mment在那时:
At that mment, everything stpped.那一刻,一切都停止了。
(2019,北京卷,完形)
And mments f failure like this build ___20___ —since then I’ve learned t face disappintment and grwn strnger.
20. A. trustB. prideC. characterD. supprt
18. mnitr
n.班长;监视器;v.监视,监控
熟词僻义:
eq \\ac(○,1)除了表示“班长”,mnitr还可表示“监视器,显示器”,如:
We culd watch what was happening n the TV mnitr.我们可在电视监视器上观察所发生的情况。
eq \\ac(○,2)mnitr还能作动词,表示“监视,监控”:
We need a better system fr mnitring what is ging n.我们需要一个更好的系统来监控情况。
(2019年,江苏卷,完成句子)
65.上周杰克当选为班长后,他迫不及待地把这个好消息告诉了他地妈妈。
Last week, after Jack ___________ as a mnitr, he __________________t tell the news t his mther.
19. mve
v.移动,搬动,搬家;打动,使感动
关联词组:mve n往前走,前进;mve frward向前移动,向前发展
用法:mve既是及物动词又是不及物动词,可表示“(使)改变位置,(使)移动,搬动”;也可表示“搬家;迁移”。例如:
The bus was already mving when I jumped nt it.我跳上车的时候,公共汽车已经开动了。
They’ve mved int bigger ffices in Lndn.他们已搬往伦敦更大的办公室。
熟词僻义:mve还可以表示“打动,使感动”,是及物动词,常用被动形式,如:
be deeply mved深受感动;be mved t tears感动到流泪
词性转换:mvement n.运动;活动
(2019年,北京卷,短文阅读)It didn't lk that hard—just mve yur legs while yu were standing.
20. murder
v.谋杀;n.谋杀
关联词组:mass murder大屠杀;cmmit murder谋杀
murder可以作及物动词,也可作名词,例如:
The murdered wman was well knwn in the area.被杀害的女人在这个地区很有名气。
On the night the murder was cmmitted, he was ut f the cuntry.凶案发生当晚他不在国内。
词性转换:murderer n.凶手
同义词:kill v.杀害
(2019年,湖北卷,阅读B)Of curse, smetimes I wnder what my students wuld think if they knew that their teacher was ging hme n the weekend t write abut murders and dead bdies, but I think my parents prbably did me a favr: my teaching jb keeps me in tuch with the real wrld.
(二)暮省练习巩固
一. 写出这些单词的汉语意义。
1. made _______ 2. meaning __________ 3. mentin _________
4. message __________ 5. met _________ 6. meter ____________
7. miss ____________ 8. mdern __________ 9. mn ________
10. muse __________ 11. murder _________ 12. myself __________
二. 按要求写出下列词汇的变化形式。
1. make_____(现在分词)
2. meaning ______ (动词原形) _______ (动词过去式)
3. mentin __________(过去式)
4. message _________(复数形式)
5. met____________(动词原形)
6. meter_________(复数形式)
7. miss___________(动词第三人称单数形式)
8. muse __________(复数形式)
9. murder__________(名词形式)
10. myself__________(复数形式)
三. 根据句意,用所给词汇的正确形式填空。
1. Students _______(make) a decisin yesterday. They decided t g ut this Sunday.
2. D yu knw what the wrd _________(mean)? If yu knw its ________(mean), please hands up and tell me.
3. Nbdy ________(mentin) ging ut t help him because he ften made us angry.
4. ----Can yu leave a ________(message) fr yur friend?
----Sure.
5. Last Sunday I ________(meet) ne f my ld friends in the street.
6. ----Hw lng is the bridge ?
----Oh, it’s abut 200 ______ (meter) lng.
7. She _______(miss) her sn very much and hpes t get a message abut him.
8. My pet cat caught 2 ________ (muse) yesterday.
9. The man ________(murder) tw peple.
10. I can drive a car by ________(I ).
四. 根据短文意思及首字母,写出合乎句意的单词。
D yu knw the m_____(1) f the rund m______(2)? In China, it means that all the peple in a family get tgether and it als stands fr ne’s gd wishes that culd cme true. S when we m_____(3) ne f ur relative r best friends, we will lk up at the mn in the sky n the fifteenth in Chinese lunar calendar. Here’s a shrt stry abut the mn.
There was n ld wman in far away village. After her sn grew up, he left his hme and wrked in a m_______(4) city thusands f m_______(5) away frm the village. He hardly came back hme t m______(6) his mther and he didn’t tk any m_______(7) t his mther, either. And his mther alne lived in an ld huse and nbdy culd speak t her except running m_______(8)in the rm . That m______(9) his mther very sad. When smene m______(10) his sn, she always said that she had n sn.
参考答案
一. 1.动词make的过去式;2. 意思;3. 提到;4. 消息;5. 动词meet的过去式;6. 米;7. 思念;错过 8. 现代的;9. 月亮;月球;10. 老鼠;11.谋杀;12. 我自己
二. 1. making; 2. mean; meant; 3. mentined; 4.messages; 5. meet; 6.meters; 7. misses; 8. mice; 9.murderer; 10. urselves
三. 1.made; 2. means; meaning; 3. mentined; 4. message; 5. met; 6. meters; 7. misses; 8. mice; 9.murdered; 10. myself.
四. 1. meaning; 2.mn; 3.miss; 4.mdern; 5. miles 6. meet; 7.message; 8.mice; 9. made; 10. mentined
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