2023届高考英语二轮复习专题14状语从句学案

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习专题14状语从句学案，共25页。学案主要包含了考点详解，命题解读，命题预测，复习建议，高考真题，典例剖析，牛刀小试，参考答案等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 专题14 状语从句
2023年高考英语冲刺复习考点通关大全


【考点详解】
【命题解读】
状语从句是高考的常考点。虽然高考全国卷不是每年必考，但是在地方卷中也是频繁出现。无论在全国卷还是地方卷，长难句的构成嗯一定离不了状语在阅读中一定少不了状语从句的存在。
【命题预测】
预计2023年高考对状语从句的考查仍然以上下文逻辑意思考查为主。在语法填空中，以不给提示词形式命题。在阅读理解中会以细节理解题的形式出现。在完形填空中以长难句理解来体现，七选五中侧重上下文的逻辑联系。
【复习建议】
1.掌握状语从句的概念
2.掌握状语从句的引导词的用法和含义
3..在习题训练中培养和提高分析句子结构的能力以及逻辑理解能力。

考点一 （从属连词和状语从句)

状语从句
连词
时间状语从句
when, while, as, before, until, since, as soon as, the moment
原因状语从句
because, as, since
让步状语从句
although, as, while, even though/if, no matter+疑问词等
目的状语从句
in order that, so that, in case
结果状语从句
so……that, such……that, so that
地点状语从句
where, wherever
条件状语从句
if, unless, so/as long as
方式状语从句
as, as if/through
比较状语从句
as, than

一、时间状语从句
1．when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句
(1)when 表示“当……时；在……期间”。
①When I was a little boy, I used to climb mountains on Sundays.
当我小时候时，星期天常常去爬山。
(2)while 表示“在……期间”，从句中常用延续性动词。
②Please don't talk so loud while others are studying.
在别人学习的时候，请别这么大声音说话。
(3)as表示“一边……一边……，随着……”。
③John sings as he works..
John一边工作，一边唱歌。。
[名师点睛]when还可表原因，意为“既然”。
How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me？
既然他们不听我说，我怎么帮他们理解？


【高考真题】

(全国高考卷)______he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
【答案】When/As
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：当他问江岸上的村民们他要到哪儿才能找到这位传奇的画家时，村民们笑了并指了指江水的下游。结合句意可知，此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，故应用When或As引导。
2．till, until和not ... until引导的时间状语从句
(1)在肯定句中，主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
①We walked along the river until/till it was dark.
我们沿着河散步，一直到天黑。



【典例剖析】

(全国高考新课标I卷)I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.
【答案】unless改为until/till
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：我耐心地等待，直到油热起来。根据句意可知，此处应表示“直到油热起来”而非“除非油热起来”，故将unless改为until/till。
(2)“瞬间动词/延续性动词(否定式)＋until/till”表示“直到……才发生”。
②He didn't know anything about it until/till I told him.
直到我告诉他，他才知道这件事。

【典例剖析】

(全国高考乙卷)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept _____ the late 1980s.
【答案】until
【解析】考查介词。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。结合句意并分析句子结构可知，此句含有not…until…结构，意为“直到……才……”。故填until。
[名师点睛]until即可以作为连词，也可以作介词用，此处用作介词，同连词意思。
(3)强调句型：It is/was not until ... that ...
③It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.
直到教授来了，我们才开始做实验。
[名师点睛]　（1）till不可以置于句首，而until可以。
Until you told me I had no idea of it.
直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。
（2）not until置于句首，主句要用倒装结构。
Not until the film began did she arrive.
直到电影开始她才到。
3.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner ... than ..., hardly/scarcely ... when ... 和once(一……就……)
表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”。从句中常用一般时态代替将来时。
①The moment she arrives，we can start.
她一到，我们就可以开始了。
②The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
那男孩一见到他妈妈便哭了。
[名师点睛]　(1)no sooner ... than ...，hardly/scarcely ... when ... 句型的时态运用：主句的谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的从句谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。）
We had no sooner arrived at the station than the train left.
→No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
我们一到火车站就出发了。
(2)“on＋v.­ing”和“on＋one's＋n.”结构。当v.­ing和n.在意义上相对应时，这两个结构可以互换。
On arriving / his arrival at the station, the thief was arrested.
刚到火车站，这个小偷就被逮捕了。
4．before与since引导的时间状语从句
(1)before与since的常用句式。
beforee 在……之前；还未……就……；……才……；还没来得及……就……
It will be＋一段时间＋before ... 过……时间才……
It will not be/was not long＋before ... 不久就会/没多久就……
It was＋时间段＋before ... 过了……(时间)才……
sincee 自从……以来，……
It is/has been＋一段时间＋since ... (从句用一般过去时)
It was＋一段时间＋since ... (从句用过去完成时)
①Before they reached the station, the train had gone.
他们还没到达火车站前，火车已经开走了。
②Someone called me up in the midnight, but he hung up before I could answer the phone.(还没来得及……就……)
有人半夜给我打电话，但我还没来得及接就挂断了。
③It will be two years before he leaves the country.
再过两年他才会离开这个国家。
(2)since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，所表示的动作自从句谓语动词所表示的动作开始时算起；若用延续性动词，所表示的动作自从句谓语的动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。
④It's two years since we arrived here.
我们到这儿两年了。
⑤It's three years since we lived here.
我们不住在这里有三年了。
5．“It＋be＋时间＋从句”句型
“It＋be＋时间＋从句”句型是高考考查的热点，其中连接词的选择是个难点。突破这个难点的关键是要把握好句意，根据句意的需要选择合适的连接词：
(1)表示“再过多长时间某事才会发生”，用“It will be＋时间段＋before从句”。
①It will be three weeks before we he comes back.
再过三周他就会回来了。
(2)表示“自……以来有多长时间了”，用“It be＋时间段＋since从句”，如果主句用一般现在时，从句用一般过去时
②It is three years since he joined the army.
自从他参军以来已经三年了。
(3)“It be＋时间状语＋that＋其他”构成强调句型，意思是“正是在某一时间发生了某事”。
④It was at three o'clock that we got home.
正是在三点我们到了家。
(4)“It be＋时间点＋when从句”表示“某事发生在什么时间”，it指代时间。
⑤It was three o'clock when we got home.
当我们到家的时候三点了。
6．every time, each time, next time, the last time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……，每次……，下次……，上次……”等
①Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.
每当我处于困境，他就会来帮助我。
②Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.
下次你来的时候，一定记着把你儿子带来。
二、条件状语从句
1．if和unless引导的条件状语从句。if表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless(＝if ... not)表示反面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。
①If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have caught the bus.
要是你早来几分钟就能赶上这班车了。
②You'll fail the exam unless you study hard(＝if you don't study hard)．
除非你努力学习，否则你考试会不及格。


【典例剖析】

(2022全国高考天津卷)We all need to get involved in saving energy ______ it's at work, at home, or at school.
A. unless B. once C. whether D. because
【答案】C
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：无论在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与节约能源的活动。根据句意及设空处后的or可知，选C项，whether…or…是固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。unless意为“除非”；once意为“一旦”；because意为“因为”。
2．in case, on condition that, providing(that), provided (that)，supposing (that), suppose (that)等词汇意思相近，意为“万一，假使，假如，在……条件下”。
①In case there is a fire, what will we do first?
万一发生火灾，我们首先要做什么？
②Suppose/Supposing(that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?
假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还能求助于谁？
③They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.
他们同意把车借给我们，条件是我们在周末前归还。
3．as long as(＝so long as)引导语气强烈的条件状语从句，意为“只要”。
As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.
你只要不灰心，就会成功。
4．在“祈使句＋and/or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句”句型中，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。
①Run faster and you'll catch the bus.
跑快点，你就会赶上公共汽车的。
②Work hard, or you'll fail.
努力干，要不你就会失败的。
5．if only “如果……就好了”和only if “只有”也可以引导条件状语从句。但是当only if置于句首时，主句部分倒装。
①If only I were as clever as you.
我要是像你一样聪明就好了。
②Only if you work hard can you succeed.
你只有努力才能获得成功。


三、让步状语从句
1．although/though，even though/even if引导的让步状语从句
although与though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet, still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。
①He is unhappy, though/although he has a lot of money.
虽然他很有钱，但他并不幸福。
②Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we'll go there.(陈述语气)
即使明天下雨，我们也要去那里。
[注意]　though还可用作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。
He said he would come； he didn't， though.
他说他会来，可是没有来。
2．as或though引导让步状语从句时倒装的情况
as或though从句一般放在主句之前，常用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
结构：名词/形容词/动词/副词+as+主语+谓语…
①Child as/though he is, he knows a lot.
尽管他是孩子，但他却懂的很多。
②Much as/though I like it, I won't buy it, for it's too expensive.
虽然我很喜欢它，但不会买，因为它太贵了。
[注意]　though引导的从句可以像as引导的从句一样用倒装语序，但是although引导的从句只能用正常语序。注意比较下面的说法：
（√）Clever though/as she is， she doesn't study hard.
（√）Though she is clever， she doesn't study hard.
（√）Although she is clever， she doesn't study hard.
（×）Clever although she is， she doesn't study hard.
（×）As she is clever， she doesn't study hard.
3．whether ... or ... (不管……还是……)；疑问词＋­ever与no matter＋疑问词(不管……；无论……)
①Whether she comes here or we go there, the topic of the discussion will remain unchanged.
不管是她来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都不会变。
②Whatever(＝No matter what) you say, he won't believe you.
无论你说什么，他都不会相信你。
③Whoever you are (＝No matter who you are), you must obey the rules.
无论你是谁，都要遵守规则。
[注意]　whoever， whatever， whomever， whichever还可以引导名词性从句。
You can take whatever you like.(宾语从句)
你喜欢什么就可以拿什么。
4．while也可作从属连词引导让步状语从句，相当于although
While volleyball is her main focus, she's also great at basketball..
尽管排球是她的主要项目，她也很擅长篮球。


【典例剖析】

(2022高考卷）Hot _____ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
【答案】as
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：虽然晚上的空气很闷热，但是我们仍然睡得很沉，因为长途旅行后太累了。hot作从句的表语，as引导的让步状语从句中，要将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形提到as之前，故填as。

四、地点状语从句
1．地点状语从句是指在复合句中作地点状语的从句，表示空间关系，可置于句首、句中或句末，通常由从属连词where, wherever等引导。
①We should go where the Party needs us most.
我们应到党最需要我们的地方去。
②You are free to go wherever you like.
你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
③Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
④Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.
无火不生烟。(无风不起浪)
2．注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。
①You'd better make a mark where you have any question.(状语从句)
②You'd better make a mark at the place where you have any question.(定语从句)
你最好在有问题的地方做一下标记。
[注意]　如何判断一个从句是不是地点状语从句呢？地点状语从句用于说明谓语动作发生的地点，通常跟在谓语动词（短语）后面，where前没有表示地点的先行词，知道这一点，就很容易判断出句子是不是地点状语从句。

五、原因状语从句
1．引导原因状语从句的连词主要有：because, as, since等。并列连词for也可表示原因。每个连词的含义不尽相同。
because(因为)，回答why。主句前或后，直接因果关系
as(由于) 主句前或后 双方都知道的原因 。语气弱
since/now that(既然) 通常位于主句前
for(因为)位于句后用于补充说明的原因
①He was criticized by the teacher, because he was late for class.
因为他迟到了，老师批评了他。
②I can't go with you, as I have a lot of work to do.
我不能和你一起去，因为我有很多工作要做。
③Now that/Since everyone is here, we can begin our discussion.
既然大家都在这儿，我们可以开始讨论了。
2．when(既然)，seeing that (鉴于，由于)，considering that (考虑到)，in that(因为)等也可以引导原因状语从句。
①It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could walk there in five minutes.
既然步行5分钟就能到那里，你却去乘出租汽车，真够愚蠢的。
②Seeing that there were less than half the members present, the meeting had to be postponed.
鉴于到会的成员还没一半，会议只好延期举行。
3. 除了状语从句外，一些介词短语也可以表示原因，这些短语有：because of, thanks to, due to, owing to, on account of等。

六、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (以防)，lest等。
1．so that与in order that
这两个连词都表示“为了，以便”，引导的目的状语从句常与情态动词can, could，may, might等连用。in order that引导的从句可以置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
①I am studying hard so that/in order that I can enter a famous university.
为了能上一所名牌大学，我一直努力学习。
②In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
为了能够看到日出，我们很早就出发去山顶了。(此时不可使用so that)
2．for fear that表示“生怕，以免”，in case表示“以防”。
①Batteries must be kept in dry places for fear that electricity should leak away.
电池应该放在干燥的地方，以免漏电。
②Take your raincoat in case it should rain.
带上雨伞，以防下雨。

七、结果状语从句
常用来引导结果状语从句的引导词或短语有so that, so ... that ... , such ... that ... 。
1．结构形式
①There was so little food at home that we had to go out to buy some.
家里快没食物了，我们只好出去买一些。
②Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.
→Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.
迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都相信他。
③He has made such rapid progress that he was praised by his teacher three times a day.
他取得了如此快的进步，以致老师一天表扬了他三次。
[注意]　区别so ... that和such ... that的用法：
名前such，形、副so，that从句跟在后；
多多少少必用so，特别注意是little；
“小”用such，“少”用so。
2．当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
①So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于他能解决所有的难题。
②Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.
爆炸的威力如此巨大，以致所有的窗户都被震破了。
3．so/such ... that ... 引导的结果状语从句与so/such ... as ... 引导的定语从句的区别。
(1)so/such ... that ... 引导结果状语从句时，that在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。
①It is such a moving film that we all want to see it.
这是一部如此感人的电影，以至于我们都想去看。
(2)so/such ... as ... 中，as引导定语从句，as在从句中作主语或宾语。
②It is such a moving film as we all want to see.
这是一部感人的、我们都想看的电影。

八、方式状语从句
1．方式状语从句常由as, just as, as if/though等引导，多置于主句之后。
①You ought to write as he does.
你应该像他那样写。
②He did as (he had been) told.
他遵嘱而行。
2．as if或as though引导的方式状语从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。
①The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son。
这位老妇人对待那个男孩就像是对待自己的孩子。
②He walked as though/if he was drunk.
他走起路来就像喝醉了一样。

九、比较状语从句
1．as ... as ...; not so/as ... as ...; the same ... as ... 表示相同程度的比较，肯定句用as ... as ...，否定句可用not as ... as或not so ... as。
He doesn't run so/as fast as Jack (does)．
他跑得不如杰克快。
2．than表示不同程度的比较，主句中用形容词或副词的比较级。
①He runs less fast than me.
他跑得没我快。
②It was more expensive than I thought.
它比我想象的要贵。
3．the＋比较级，the＋比较级，表示“越……就越……”
The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
吃得越多，你将越胖。

【牛刀小试】

单句语法填空
1._______ there are many positive developments associated with the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns.
2.Talking about fires can be scary ________ no one likes to think about people getting hurt or their things getting burned.
3.The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys ________ at last it reaches the sea.
4.The teacher spoke slowly and in simple English in order ________ the students might understand her.
5.We know that ________ tasks your group is given, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.
6.I'll speak slowly so ______ you can understand me.
7.Researchers have found, in their experiment, that a baby's cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them ________ we are parents or not.
8.In fact, the discontent is not useless since you may learn more from it ________ from the things that cheer you up.
9.________ the wedding ceremony began, the couple nervously repeated their vows “we promise to love each other for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health”．
10.________ we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language.
11.I am not afraid of tomorrow, ________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.
12.________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.

【答案】：1.While/Though/Although　2.because　3.till/until　4.that　5.whatever　6.that　7.whether　8.than　9.As/When　10.If 11.for 12.If







单项选择
1．Fortunately, somebody who happened to be passing by called the fire department ______ the fire broke out.
A．hurriedly B．quickly C．instantly D．shortly
2．__________, the dancers practice hard to make their dreams come true.
A．Being disabled as they B．Although disabled they are
C．Disabled though they are D．As they are disabled
3．Let’s not pick these peaches until this weekend ________they get sweet enough to be eaten.
A．ever since B．as if
C．even though D．so that
4．Harding working though he was, ______ there was never enough money to pay the bill.
A．and B．/ C．but D．therefore
5．______ you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier.
A．Unless B．Until C．Before D．Once
6．After experiments on COVID-19, medical experts conclude that the infected person still has the possibility of survival, ________he or she tests positive twice.
A．as though B．even if C．in case D．so that
7．I set the alarm clock before going to bed I should miss the first train to Beijing.
A．so that B．in case C．as if D．even if
8．New staff, ________ they are skilled, will attain more opportunities for further development.
A．though B．since C．once D．unless
9．The beautiful scene, ________small, was an important moment on my journey to discovering the power of achieving health and happiness.
A．when B．unless C．if D．although
10．Lin Dan is still recognized as one of the best badminton players around the world ________ he has retired.
A．as if B．since C．even though D．now that
11．The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times ______ it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”.
A．since B．when C．unless D．before
12．Some educators believe that it is so good a habit to instruct children to lay things ________ they belong when they are young.
A．to which B．that C．in which D．where
13．Take the note as a reminder ________ you forget to buy some sweets for the kids while shopping there.
A．while B．since C．in case D．even if
14．So sudden ________ that Timothy fainted ________ he knew it.
A．was the news; for the moment B．the news was; for the moment
C．was the news; the moment D．the news was; the moment
15．As is known to all, one of the true tests of leadership is the ability to recognize an issue ________ it becomes an emergency.
A．when B．before C．after D．unless
16．— How long have you been collecting shells?
— ________.
A．After I left school B．Before I moved here
C．When I went to the beach D．Since I was ten years old
17．Our mother sat us down to read and paint, ________ all we really wanted to do was to make a mess.
A．when B．however C．since D．and
18．—When did you arrive ________ we camped last Friday?
—It was not until midnight ________ it was raining hard.
A．where; when B．which; that C．where; that D．which; when
19．Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but he hung up ________I could answer the phone.
A．unless B．until C．before D．since
20．________ it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which perform for us.
A．Because B．Though C．As D．When
21．Tell your doctor with a detailed medical history ______ he can give you the accurate treatment.
A．even if B．so that C．in case D．as though
22．I have known Dr. John for a long time, maybe since Bet ___________in that university.
A．worked B．works C．has worked D．had worked
23．________, we must believe in ourselves and efforts must pay off one day.
A．However life is difficult B．However is life difficult
C．However difficult life is D．However difficult is life
24．________ you go abroad, it is likely that you will have trouble________the new life.
A．The first time; adjusting to B．For the first time; adjusting to
C．The first time; to adjust to D．For the first time; to adjust to
25．Look around before you ____ the street.
A．cross B．crossing C．be crossing D．to be crossing
26．Changing your habits can be hard and developing new habits takes time, but ________ you stay motivated, you will meet your goal.
A．in case B．so long as C．as far as D．even if
27．They are hoping for a return to normality ______ the war is over.
A．now that B．as if C．unless D．in case
28．________there is a will, there is a way.
A．How B．When C．What D．Where
29．______ she came back, she threw her arms around me, ______ sad and helpless.
A．The instant when; looked B．The instant when; looking
C．The instant; looked D．The instant; looking
30．______ I agree with you, I don’t think your solution is the best.
A．If B．Since C．While D．As

【参考答案】
1．C
【详解】考查连词和副词。句意：幸运的是，火灾一发生，一位碰巧路过的人就打电话报告了消防局。A. hurriedly匆忙；B. quickly快速；C. instantly一……就（连词）；D. shortly马上。分析句子结构可知，该处应填连词，而instantly可作连词，意为：一……就；故选C。
2．C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：尽管他们是残疾的，但舞者们努力练习以实现他们的梦想。分析句子结构可知，此处考查的是as/though引导让步状语从句时的倒装结构，其常见结构为“名词(无冠词）/形容词/副词+as/though+主语+谓语”。故选C项。
3．D
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子以便它们吃起来变得足够的甜。A. ever since自那时起；B. as if好像；C. even though尽管；D. so that以便。分析句子结构可知，此处应该选择连词引导状语从句，结合句意可知，从句为目的状语从句，所以用so that引导。故选D项。
4．B
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：尽管他很努力工作，却从来没有足够的钱来付账单。此处为though引导的让步状语从句，there was never enough money to pay the bill.为主句，前面不用连词。故选B。
5．D
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：一旦你开始以更健康的方式进食，体重控制就会变得容易得多。A. Unless除非；B. Until直到；C. Before在……之前；D. Once一旦。结合句意可知，once引导时间状语从句。故选D项。
6．B
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：在对COVID-19进行实验后，医学专家得出结论，受感染者仍然有生存的可能性，即使他或她的检测结果两次呈阳性。A. as though好像；B. even if即使；C. in case以防，万一；D. so that以便于。由“still has the possibility of survival”和“he or she tests positive twice”可知，句子表示“受感染者仍然有生存的可能性，即使他或她的检测结果两次呈阳性”，空格处意为“即使”，用even if引导让步状语从句，故选B。
7．B
【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：我在睡觉前把闹钟定好了，以防错过第一班去北京的火车。A. so that以便、所以，引导目的状语从句；B. in case以防、万一，引导目的状语从句；C. as if好像、似乎，引导方式状语从句； D. even if即使、虽然，引导让步状语从句。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，结合句意可知，此处表示“提前设置闹钟，以防错过第一班火车”，前面是结果，后面是目的，此处“错过火车”偏负面，应用in case引导。故选B项。
8．C
【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：新的雇员，一旦他们有了娴熟的技能，就会得到更多有助于他们个人发展的机会。A. though虽然；B. since自从；C. once一旦；D. unless除非。分析句子可知，此处应表示一旦他们有了娴熟的技能，应用once引导时间状语从句。故选C。
9．D
【详解】考查连词词义辨析和省略。句意：这个美丽的场景虽然很小，但却是我发现获得健康和幸福的力量之旅中的一个重要时刻。A. when当；B. unless除非；C. if 如果；D. although尽管。结合句意可知，上下文为转折关系，用although引导让步状语从句符合语境；让步状语从句中省略了和主句相同的主语the beautiful scene和was，完整的从句为although it (the beautiful scene) was small。故选D。
10．C
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：尽管林丹已经退役，但他仍然被认为是世界上最好的羽毛球运动员之一。A. as if好像；B. since自从；C. even though即使；D. now that既然。由“Lin Dan is still recognized as one of the best badminton players around the world”和“he has retired”可知，句子表示“尽管林丹已经退役，但他仍然被认为是世界上最好的羽毛球运动员之一”，空格处意为“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，故选C。
11．D
【详解】考查连词。句意：“nice”这个词的意思经过了几次变化，才最终包含了“愉快的”的意思。A. since自从；B. when当……时；C. unless除非；D. before在……之前。根据句意可知，在“nice”有“愉快的”含义之前，经历了几次变化。且before还可根据语境意译为“才；就”，本句意译为“才”。故选D。
12．D
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：一些教育家认为，教导孩子在小时候把东西放在该放的地方是一种很好的习惯。引导地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”应用从属连词where。故选D。
13．C
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：把这张纸条作为提醒，以防你在那里购物时忘记给孩子们买糖果。A. while然而；B. since因为；C. in case以防；D. even if即使。根据“Take the note as a reminder”可知，用纸条作提醒，以防购物时忘记给孩子们买糖果，用in case引导目的状语从句。故选C。
14．C
【详解】考查部分倒装和时间状语从句。句意：消息来得如此突然，Timothy一知道就昏过去了。“so+形容词/副词”位于句首会引起句子部分倒装，即助动词提前到主语的前面，因此第一空是was the news，由“Timothy fainted”和“he knew it”可知，句子表示“消息来得如此突然，Timothy一知道就昏过去了”，“一……就……”是the moment，引导时间状语从句，故选C。
15．B
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，对领导力的真正考验之一是在问题变成紧急情况之前就发现问题的能力。A. when当……的时候；B. before在……之前；C. after在……之后；D. unless除非。由“recognize an issue”和“it becomes an emergency”可知，句子表示“对领导力的真正考验之一是在问题变成紧急情况之前就发现问题的能力”，空格处意为“在……之前”，用before引导时间状语从句，故选B。
16．D
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：——你收集贝壳有多久了？——从我十岁开始。由句意可知，how long在此处表示“多长时间”，对一段时间进行提问。回答how long的提问用“for+一段时间”或“since+时间点或者引导时间状语从句”。故选D。
17．A
【详解】考查连词和副词辨析。句意：我们的父母让我们坐下来读书、画画，而我们真正想做的是打打闹闹。A. when虽然，然而；B. however然而；C. since既然；D. and并且。分析句子可知，前后文是句子，需填连词，however是副词，排除B项。两句表让步，应用when引导让步状语从句，这里的when，用于引出使句子的其他部分显得让人吃惊或不大可能的事实或评论，意思是“虽然，然而”。故选A项。
18．C
【详解】考查地点状语从句和强调句。句意：——你什么时候到上周五我们露营那里？——直到午夜，雨下得很大。分析句子可知，第一空为地点状语从句，主句和从句都缺地点状语，所以应用where；第二空考查强调句，即“it is+强调内容+that/who+句子剩余部分”，强调内容指物时只能用that引导，此处强调内容是until midnight，所以应用that。故选C项。
19．C
【详解】考查从属连词。句意：有人半夜给我打电话，但我还没来得及接电话，他就挂断了。A. unless除非；B. until直到；C. before在……之前；D. since自从。由语意可知，给我打电话那个人没有等到我接电话就挂断了，所以他是在我接电话前挂断的电话，因此此处应用before引导的时间状语从句。故选C项。
20．B
【详解】考查让步状语从句和连词。句意：虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但是要估计为我们提供的服务的真正价值却是极其困难的。A. Because因为；B. Though虽然；C. As像……一样，虽然；D. When在……时候。根据句意可知，前后句意有转折关系，“it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money”是让步状语从句，用从属连词though引导该从句，意为“虽然”；另外as虽也能引导让步状语从句，但从句必须使用倒装。故选B项。
21．B
【详解】考查从属连词。句意：告诉你的医生详细的病史，这样他才能给你准确的治疗。A. even if即使，虽然；B. so that以便，为了：C. in case万一，假使；D. as though好像。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应填连接词so that，引导目的状语从句，把既往病史告诉医生的目的是医生可以做成准确的治疗。故选B项。
22．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：我认识约翰博士很长时间了，也许自从贝特在那所大学工作以来。Since意为“自……以来；从……到今”，是连词，引导时间状语从句，从句用过去时，主句通常为现在完成时。题中主句是现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。故选A项。
23．C
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论生活多么困难，我们必须相信自己，努力总有一天会有回报的。分析句子可知，该句为However引导的让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样……、无论如何……”，结构为however+形容词+主语+系动词。故选C项。
24．A
【详解】考查时间状语和非谓语动词。句意：你第一次出国，适应国外生活可能会有困难。the first time“第一次……”是连词，for the first time“第一次”是时间状语，adjust to“适应”，固定短语。第一空，the first time 用作连词，引导时间状语从句；第二空，have trouble (in) doing sth 做……有困难，是一个固定搭配，其后应用adjust的动名词形式作宾语。故选A。
25．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：你过马路前先四处看看。before引导的时间状语从句满足“主将从现”，主句用祈使句表示将来含义，从句用一般现在时。从句缺少谓语动词，主语是you，动词用原形即可。故选A。
26．B
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：改变你的习惯是困难的，养成新的习惯需要时间，但只要你保持动力，你就会达到你的目标。A. in case以防、万一；B. so long as只要；C. as far as远达、就……而言；D. even if即使、虽然。分析句意可知，此处用固定短语so long as表示“只要”来引导条件状语从句。故选B项。
27．A
【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：既然战争结束了，他们希望一切都恢复常态。A. now that既然；B. as if似乎；C. unless除非；D. in case以防。结合语意，战争结束是他们希望一切都恢复常态的原因，所以此处应用now that引导原因状语从句。故选A项。
28．D
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：有志者，事竟成。此处there is a way为主句，where引导地点状语从句。故选D。
29．D
【详解】考查状语从句的连接词和非谓语动词。句意：她一回来就搂住了我，一副悲伤无助的样子。分析句子结构和选项，the instant本身就是状语从句的连接词，意为“一……就……”，所以后面无需再接连接词，本句已有谓语动词threw，所以look应用非谓语形式，它和逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，应该用现在分词形式，应用looking。故选D项。
30．C
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我同意你的意见，但我不认为你的解决方案是最好的。A. If如果；B. Since自从；C. While虽然；D. As当……的时候。由“I agree with you, I don’t think your solution is the best”可知，句子表示“虽然我同意你的意见，但我不认为你的解决方案是最好的”，空格处意为“虽然”，用while，引导让步状语从句，故选C。








【真题实战】
单句改错
1．(2022·全国卷Ⅰ)I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.
__________________________________________________________________
2．(2022·全国卷Ⅰ)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed.
__________________________________________________________________
3．(2021·全国卷Ⅱ)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
__________________________________________________________________
4.(2021·全国卷Ⅲ)I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.
__________________________________________________________________
5．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.
__________________________________________________________________
【答案】：1.unless→until/till 2.but→and 3.where→when 4.and→but 5.去掉but