2022-2023学年广东省高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年度第一学期高二级第二次段考(期中)
英语试卷
(考试时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分 听力 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分 15分)
第一节：听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读1遍。
1. What will Kate do tonight?
A. Visit her cousin. B. Watch a movie. C. Go shopping.
2. Why was Linda late for the party?
A. She got caught in traffic. B. She took the wrong bus. C. She set off too late.
3. When will the class end?
A. At 10:00 am. B. At 10:30 am. C. At 11:00 am.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. What to read. B. How to get a book. C. When to borrow a book.
第二节：听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第五段材料，回答第5、6题。
5. How much will the speakers give the waitress as a tip?
A. $6. B. $8. C. $10.
6. What will the speakers do next?
A. Talk about the bill. B. Make a phone call. C. Wait for the waitress.
听第六段材料，回答第7至9题。
7. What will Mark do tomorrow morning?
A. Run in a race. B. Cook the breakfast. C. Quit the sports meet.
8. What does the woman usually do to make herself fall asleep faster?
A. She counts sheep. B. She listens to music. C. She reads short stories.
9. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a bedroom. B. In a classroom. C. In a consulting room.
听第七段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why does Henry learn French?
A. To become a French teacher. B. To know more about France. C. To be admitted to college.
11. What does the Language Centre offer?
A. Face-to-face teaching. B. Free online courses. C. Level-based learning material.
12. What’s Henry’s attitude toward the Language Centre?
A. Disappointed. B. Interested. C. Surprised.
听第八段材料，回答第13至15题。
13. What’s Bob’s favorite sport?
A. Table tennis. B. Football. C. Tennis.
14. Whom does Emily usually play sports with?
A. Her family. B. Her classmates. C. Her friends.
15. Where does Emily usually spend her Saturday nights?
A. At the cinema. B. At a friend’s. C. At a club.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Below you will find a profile of each gap year program. If there is a specific program you are interested in or a question you have regarding these programs, please feel free to contact them directly.
Youth International
Since 1997, Youth International has provided many people with the most exciting and educational experience of their life. It is a learning program that combines international travel, inter-cultural exchange, home stays, volunteer community service work and outdoor adventures.
Phone:1-720-270-3323
Carpe Diem Education
Through volunteer service, travel and cultural exchange, students of Carpe Diem Education receive a personal insight into themselves and their culture. We specialize in guiding summer and semester programs for high school students. Each course is carefully crafted to develop leadership and self-awareness within our students, who return home better prepared to be leaders in thought and action.
Phone:503-285-1800
Center for Interim Programs
Founded in 1980, the Center for Interim Programs is the first independent gap year organization in America. Based on students' interests and budget, our experienced teachers help make individual course choices including low cost volunteer options, language programs, research trips, and so on. We are committed to helping students find more experiences of formal education and work.
Phone:413-585-0980
EF Gap Year
An EF Gap Year offers students the ability to explore several countries where you will learn a language, volunteer for a good cause, gain international work experience 12-week semester or 26-week academic. Choose between a personalize your program to meet your learning. You can then by deciding where, when, and how you wish to stand interests own. Our well-structured curriculum even allows you to have college-level classes and earn credits toward graduation.
Phone:1-800-726-9746
1. Which phone number can you dial if you want to improve your leadership?
A. 1-720-270-3323 B. 503-285-1800
C. 413-585-0980 D. 1-800-726-9746
2. What is EF Gap Year's unique feature?
A. Its reasonable fee.
B. Its experienced teachers
C. Its flexible study time.
D. Its diverse curriculum choices
3. What do the four programs have in common?
A. They pay attention to volunteer service work.
B. They combine education with home stays.
C. They mainly offer cross-cultural education.
D They raise students' interest in adventure.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个为学生制定的间隔年学习项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Carpe Diem Education下的Each course is carefully crafted to develop leadership and self-awareness within our students, who return home better prepared to be leaders in thought and action . (每个课程都精心培养学生的领导能力和自我意识，让他们在回国后在思想和行动上做好更充分的准备，成为领导者)可知，该项目可以培养学生的领导能力，该项目的联系电话是503-285-1800。如果想培养自己的领导能力，可以拨打503-285-1800。故选B项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据EF Gap Year部分下的You can then by deciding where, when, and how you wish to stand interests own. (你可以通过自己的兴趣决定学习地点、时间和方式)可推断，EF Gap Year的学习时间是灵活的，可以让学生通过自己的兴趣选择。C. Its flexible study time. (它灵活的学习时间)符合以上推测，故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Youth International部分下的It is a learning program that combines international travel, inter-cultural exchange, home stays, volunteer community service work and outdoor adventures. (这是一个结合国际旅游、文化交流、家庭住宿、支援社区服务工作和户外冒险的学习项目)；Carpe Diem Education部分下的Through volunteer service (通过志愿者服务)；Center for Interim Programs部分下的 Based or students' interests and budget, our experienced teachers help make individual course choices including low cost volunteer options(基于学生的兴趣和预算，我们经验丰富的老师可以帮助学生选择个人课程，包括低花费的志愿者课程)和 EF Gap Year下的where you will learn a language, volunteer for a good cause, gain international work experience (在那儿，你可以学语言，为公益事业做志愿者，获得国际工作经验)可知，这四个项目都关注志愿者服务工作。A. They pay attention to volunteer service work. (他们都关注志愿者服务工作)符合以上说法，故选A项。
B
Most kids can walk into a library or bookstore and find hundreds of books to read. But it’s not that simple for kids who are blind. They read in a different way. Jenny Lee and other braille (盲文) transcribers take the printed words of a book and change them into a code of raised dots. Blind people can read these dots with their fingers. To know what braille feels like, take a ballpoint pen and press hard onto a piece of paper. Now turn the paper over and touch the raised dot made by the pen point.
When Lee first saw the dots of the braille alphabet, she wondered if she’d ever be able to read and write them easily. She took a class and practised hard for about six months before she passed the final exam: she had to convert 35 pages of a book into braille. Today, Lee works for a publisher. One of her jobs is to change children’s books into braille.
To do this, Lee first types the story into a computer and then uses a computer program to translate it into the braille code. Next, she looks over the translation several times to make sure it’s mistake-free. After that, a copy of the braille story is printed with a special printer. Then Lee and a proofreader work together to find and correct any mistakes. When a book is ready, many copies of it are printed. Afterwards, some are sold through websites and others are sent to libraries.
Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. That’s when Lee takes a break. Several of Jenny Lee’s co-workers, who are blind, use guide dogs. When the animals aren’t working, Lee likes spending a few minutes with them. To her, playing with dogs “is always a pick-me-up in the middle of the day”.
“I love this mission,” Lee says. “Through my brain power and my fingers, I am putting the dots into some kid’s hands.”
4. How does the writer explain what braille feels like?
A. By explaining what braille words look like.
B. By describing how blind people read books.
C By asking readers to experience it themselves.
D. By giving examples of different braille words.
5. What was Lee’s first reaction to braille?
A. She was excited to get a new skill.
B. She was amazed at the clever idea.
C. She realized she could teach it herself.
D. She believed it would be difficult to learn.
6. What does the underlined word “pick-me-up” in paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A. A discussion to release work stress.
B. Something to improve one’s appetite.
C. Something to help restore one’s spirit.
D. A free ride accompanied with a guide dog.
7. What does Lee think of her job?
A. Profitable and hopeful. B. Tiring but meaningful.
C. Relaxing and helpful. D. Boring but challenging.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Jenny Lee和其他盲文转录员成功使用电脑程序将故事文字转换为盲文的经历。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“To know what braille feels like, take a ballpoint pen and press hard onto a piece of paper. Now turn the paper over and touch the raised dot made by the pen point.”要了解盲文的感觉，请拿一支圆珠笔并用力压在一张纸上。现在，将纸张翻转过来，然后触摸笔尖产生的凸起点。可知作者通过让读者亲身感受的方式解释盲文是什么。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“When Lee first saw the dots of the braille alphabet, she wondered if she’d ever be able to read and write them easily.”当Lee第一次看到盲文字母的点时，她想知道自己是否能够轻松阅读和书写它们。可知意在表明Lee对盲文的第一反应是觉得很难学会。故选D项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. That’s when Lee takes a break.”有时，一次又一次地重复一个故事会很累。 Lee会休息一下。以及“When the animals aren’t working, Lee likes spending a few minutes with them.”当动物不工作时，Lee喜欢和他们玩几分钟。可推知，对她来说，和狗一起玩一直是中午时段能令人放松的时刻。C项“Something to help restore one’s spirit.”意为可以帮助恢复精力的东西。切合语境。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. ”有时，一次又一次地重复一个故事会很累。 以及最后一段中“Through my brain power and my fingers, I am putting the dots into some kid’s hands.”通过我的脑力和手指，我将盲文的圆点送到了一些孩子的手中。意在表明作者认为她的工作是累人但有意义的。故选B项。
【点睛】
C
Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.
A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
Here’s how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.
After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估) a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分) of the smaller number to it.
“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, ”Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they’re doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”
8. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?
A. They fed them. B. They named them.
C. They trained them. D. They measured them.
9. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?
A. By drawing a circle. B. By touching a screen.
C. By watching videos. D. By mixing two drinks.
10. What did Livingstone’s team find about the monkeys?
A. They could perform basic addition. B. They could understand simple words.
C. They could memorize numbers easily. D. They could hold their attention for long.
11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Education. D. Science.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。哈佛医学院的一位科学家领导的研究团队发现猴子能进行基本的加法计算。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward.可知，在对这些猴子进行测试之前，研究人员对它们进行了培训。故C项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.可知，当猴子触摸屏幕左边时，它们会得到7滴水或者果汁的奖励；当它们触摸屏幕的另一端（即画着圆圈的部分）时，它们会得到17滴水或果汁的奖励。由此可知，猴子是通过触摸屏幕得到奖励的。故B项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.和第五段中的When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分) of the smaller number to it.可知，猴子会在超过一半的时间内选择更高的值，这意味着它们在进行计算，而不仅仅是记住每一个组合的值。所以猴子能够进行基本的加法计算。故A项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读整篇文章可知，该文介绍的是哈佛医学院的科学家Margaret Livingstone领导的一个研究团队对猴子进行实验得出的研究结果，这属于“科学研究”范畴，故该文应出现在报纸的“科学”版块。故D项正确。
D
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”
And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”
It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.
12. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?
A. Nick. B. Rita. C. Kathryn D. The daughters.
13. What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law?
A. Positive. B. Carefree. C. Tolerant. D. Unwilling.
14. What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on?
A. Family traditions. B. Financial reports. C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. Lifestyles in different countries. B. Conflicts between generations.
C. A housing problem in Britain. D. A rising trend of living in the UK.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“ but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可知，但Rita在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita 在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中使用一楼。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”可知，尼克是怎么想的?“从我的角度来看，一切都很顺利。我推荐它吗?是的，我想我会推荐在一起居住的。”由此判断出，尼克对和和岳母合住房子的态度是积极的。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“ Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.”官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2002年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。根据第七段“It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.”可知，据说，25-34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计数据。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.”可知，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以短文主要是关于英国生活方式的一种上升趋势。故选D项。
第二节：七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Say Goodbye to Post-holiday Syndrome
You’ve spent countless days waking up late, enjoying watching your favorite TV shows and lying on the beach.____16____ It’s time to go back to work. Here are some tips to make the shift from vacation to work smoother.
Tidy up your work-space first.
Chances are you’ll be greeted by piles of unopened mail, files, and other office items sitting on your desk.____17____ The longer you wait, the more likely these items will be sitting around your desk later in the week.
____18____
You may feel the urge to work on three different things at the same time in order to catch up on work. However, this is not the most efficient approach. Instead, you should make a point to focus your mind and to only work on one item or task at a time.
Remove unnecessary distractions.
It’s incredibly important to get serious about cutting out obvious distractions. This way, you can catch up on things efficiently without being bothered every five minutes.____19____
Make plans to enjoy yourself the first week back.
____20____ Scheduling a lunch date or two with friends can make the week back seem a bit less painful. Treat yourself to your favorite drink at the local cafe during your coffee break.
It may take several days for you to finally get readjusted and that’s perfectly fine. Stay calm, focused and relaxed. You’ll be back to your old routine at work before you know it.
A. Do one thing at a time.
B. Make a list of tasks based on their importance.
C. Then you suddenly come to an uncomfortable realization.
D. So it’s a good idea to pay less attention to these items.
E. You’re back at work, but that doesn’t mean you can’t enjoy yourself.
F. Rather than ignoring these items, take a few minutes to process them.
G. Switch off your cell phone, and close out of any social media accounts.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章作者针对如何摆脱节后综合症这一问题，给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“You’ve spent countless days waking up late, enjoying watching your favorite TV shows and lying on the beach.(你已经花了无数天晚起，享受看你最喜欢的电视节目和躺在海滩上。)”和下文“It’s time to go back to work.(是时候回去工作了。)”可知，该空承上启下，C选项“Then you suddenly come to an uncomfortable realization.(然后你突然有了一个不舒服的认识。)”切题，该空与上文形成对比，下文是对该空的进一步解释和说明，下文中的go back to work指代选项中的an uncomfortable realization。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Chances are you’ll be greeted by piles of unopened mail, files, and other office items sitting on your desk. (很有可能，你会发现办公桌上有成堆的未读邮件、文件和其他办公物品。)”和下文“The longer you wait, the more likely these items will be sitting around your desk later in the week.(你等待的时间越长，这些东西就越有可能在本周晚些时候被放在你的桌子上。)”可知，该空承上启下，F选项“Rather than ignoring these items, take a few minutes to process them.(与其忽略这些事项，不如花几分钟来处理它们。)”切题，该空是应对上文出现情况的解决办法，下文是没有按照该空的做法去做，可能出现的结果。选项中的these item指代上文出现的unopened mail, files, and other office items，也与下文中的these items呼应。故选F。
【18题详解】
该空是段落小标题，根据本段内容“You may feel the urge to work on three different things at the same time in order to catch up on work. However, this is not the most efficient approach. Instead, you should make a point to focus your mind and to only work on one item or task at a time. (为了赶上工作进度，你可能会有同时做三件不同的事情的冲动。然而，这并不是最有效的方法。相反，你应该集中精力，一次只做一件事。）”可知，这一段主要讲了每次只专注的做一件事情，A选项“Do one thing at a time.(一次只做一件事。)”切题。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“It’s incredibly important to get serious about cutting out obvious distractions. This way, you can catch up on things efficiently without being bothered every five minutes.(认真杜绝明显的干扰是非常重要的。这样，你就可以高效地完成工作，而不会每五分钟就被打扰一次。)”可知，该空承接上文，对于“如何杜绝干扰的具体方法”进行了说明，G选项“Switch off your cell phone, and close out of any social media accounts.(关掉你的手机，关闭所有的社交媒体账户。)”切题。故选G。
【20题详解】
该段落标题是“Make plans to enjoy yourself the first week back.(制定计划，享受回来的第一周。)”，E选项“You’re back at work, but that doesn’t mean you can’t enjoy yourself.(你回到了工作岗位，但这并不意味着你不能享受生活。)”围绕标题展开讲述，选项中的enjoy yourself.对应标题中的enjoy yourself。下文“Scheduling a lunch date or two with friends can make the week back seem a bit less painful. (安排一两次和朋友共进午餐的时间可以让这一周看起来不那么痛苦。）”承接该空，下文是“享受生活”的具体做法。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识及应用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with £400 in cash would be a source of temptation (诱惑). But the ____21____ would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith even more remarkable.
After spotting a ____22____ on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the ____23____ to return.
After hours in the cold and wet, he ____24____ inside and pulled the wallet out， hoping to find some ID so he could contact the driver, only to ____25____ it contained £400 in notes, with another £50 in spare change beside it.
He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after ____26____ a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the car’s owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car—which was itself worth £35, 000—in Glasgow city centre, they were ____27____ to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was ____28____.
The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his ____29____.
Mr. Anderson said: “I couldn’t believe that the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight when he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and rather he didn’t take the wallet for himself;he thought about others instead. It’s unbelievable. It just proves there are _____30_____ guys out there.”
Mr. Smith’s act _____31_____ much of the public’s attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson _____32_____ about the act of kindness on Facebook.
Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to _____33_____ money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received ￡8,000. “I think the faith that everyone has shown in him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; he’s had job _____34_____ and all sorts,” Mr. Anderson commented.
For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing _____35_____. The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.
21. A. hope B. aim C. urge D. effort
22. A. wallet B. bag C. box D. parcel
23. A. partner B. colleague C. owner D. policeman
24. A. turned B. hid C. stepped D. reached
25. A. discover B. collect C. check D. believe
26. A. taking B. leaving C. reading D. writing
27. A. satisfied B. excited C. amused D. shocked
28. A. safe B. missing C. found D. seen
29 A. service B. support C. kindness D. encouragement
30. A. honest B. polite C. rich D. generous
31. A. gave B. paid C. cast D. drew
32. A. learned B. posted C. cared D. heard
33. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. earn
34. A. details B. changes C. offers D. applications
35. A. lesson B. adventure C. chance D. challenge
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Tom捡到了钱包并发现里面有400英镑的纸币，旁边还有50英镑的零钱，但他最终将钱包还给了失主的，他的事迹被上传到网上，给他带来了很多的工作机会并改变了他的人生。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对很多人来说，发现一个装满400英镑现金的无人看管的钱包是一种诱惑。但是，如果你生活在街头，食物和钱都很少，这种欲望无疑会更强烈。A. hope 希望；B. aim 目标，目的；C. urge强烈的欲望，冲动；D. effort努力，艰难的尝试。根据前文的a source of temptation可知，这里是说诱惑，也是说一种欲望。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在发现了一个钱包在一辆停着的汽车的前座上，车窗已经放下，他在雨中守卫了大约两个小时，等待主人回来。A. wallet钱包，皮夹；B. bag袋，包；C. box盒，箱，匣；D. parcel包裹，邮包。根据前文finding an unattended wallet可知这里说的是钱包。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在发现了一个钱包在一辆停着的汽车的前座上，车窗已经放下，他在雨中守卫了大约两个小时，等待主人回来。A. partner搭档，同伴；B. colleague同事，同僚；C. owner所有人，物主；D. policeman警察，警员。根据常识可知，这里是说Tom在雨中等待钱包的失主回来。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在寒冷和潮湿的几个小时后，他到里面拿出钱包，希望找到一些身份证明，这样他就可以联系司机，结果发现里面有400英镑的纸币，旁边还有50英镑的零钱。A. turned转动；B. hid隐藏；C. stepped 踏，踩；D. reached到达。根据前文he stood guard in the rain可知这里是说他进入室内。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在寒冷和潮湿的几个小时后，他到里面拿出钱包，希望找到一些身份证明，这样他就可以联系司机，结果发现里面有400英镑的纸币，旁边还有50英镑的零钱。A. discover发现，找到；B. collect 收集，采集；C. check 检查，核对；D. believe相信。根据上下文分析，这里说的是Tom意外发现了钱包里面的现金。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，他把钱包带到附近的警察局，并留下一张便条，让失主知道钱包是安全的。A. taking 拿；捕捉；B. leaving离开，留下；C. reading阅读；D. writing写作。根据后面的a note可知这里是说留下字条。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当车主约翰·安德森和他的同事卡罗尔·劳伦斯在格拉斯哥市中心回到这辆本身价值35000英镑的汽车时，他们震惊地发现车旁边站着两名警察。A. satisfied满意的；B. excited激动人心的；C. amused被逗乐的，觉得好笑的；D. shocked震惊的。根据常识以及后文to find two policemen standing next to it可知，看到警察是觉得很震惊的。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：警察告诉他们史密斯先生做了什么，钱包是安全的。A. safe安全的；B. missing 找不到的，丢失的；C. found发现的；D. seen看到的。根据前文可知，Tom捡到钱包之后一直等着钱包的主人，因此钱包是安全的。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇后来能够感谢史密斯先生的好意。A. service服务；B. support支持；C. kindness善良；D. encouragement鼓励。根据常识可知，捡到钱包并归还给失主是一件善意的事情。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个人什么都没有，而且他并没有把钱包拿走，而是为别人着想。这是难以置信的。它只是证明了诚实的人存在。A. honest 诚实的；B. polite礼貌的；C. rich 富有的；D. generous慷慨的。根据前文可知，捡到钱包并归还给失主是一件诚信的事情。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：史密斯先生的行为引起了公众的广泛关注。A. gave给；B. paid支付；C. cast投，掷；D. drew画画。这里是固定搭配draw one’s attention“引起某人的注意”。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安德森先生在Facebook上发布了关于善举的帖子后，他也赢得了社交媒体用户的称赞。A. learned学习；B. posted上传；C. cared关心；D. heard听到。根据前文的social media users可知，这里是说把帖子传到网上。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在安德森先生在网上发起了一个活动，为史密斯先生和该地区其他无家可归的人筹集资金，到昨天已经收到了8000英镑。A. borrow借入；B. raise 筹集；C. save 拯救，存；D. earn赚取。根据后文and other homeless people in the area可知，这里是说为无家可归的人筹钱。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们在街上向他走来;他有各种各样的工作录取通知书。”安德森先生评论道。A. details细节；B. changes改变；C. offers 录取通知书；D. applications应用。根据work可知，这里是说有很多工作的机会，收到很多工作录取通知书。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对史密斯先生来说，这可能是一个改变人生的机会。这个故事再一次告诉我们，善有善报。A. lesson课程；B. adventure冒险；C. chance机会；D. challenge挑战。根据常识可知，这里说的是改变的机会。故选C项。
第二节：语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, globally known for developing the first hybrid rice strain in 1973 that rid countless people ___36___hunger, passed away in 2021 at the age of 91.
The scientist spent over five decades researching and improving hybrid rice, ___37___has reached its third generation, feeding ___38___(near) one-fifth of the world’s population with less than 9 percent of the world’s total land. In China, the annual planting area of hybrid rice has topped 16 million hectares, or 57 percent of ___39___total planting area of rice. Its growth area overseas has reached 8 million hectares. His more recent achievements included developing ___40___(vary) seawater rice, or saline-alkali(盐碱) tolerant rice. His team planned to use the rice ___41___(transform) 6.7 million hectares of saline-alkali land in China over the next eight to 10 years.
Yuan once said he had two dreams - to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops ___42___(tall) than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global ___43___(short) of food.
Yuan’s lifelong devotion to ___44___(reduce) hunger has made him a national hero and household name in China. In 1999, an asteroid(小行星) discovered by the National Astronomical Observatories ____45____(name) after Yuan. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest state honor.
【答案】36. of 37. which
38. nearly 39. the
40. various##varied
41. to transform
42. taller 43. shortage
44. reducing
45. was named
【解析】
【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章报道了著名科学家袁隆平去世的消息，重点介绍了他在解决中国饥饿问题和世界粮食方面做出的重大贡献和取得的突出成就。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国科学家袁隆平，因1973年培育出首个杂交水稻品种而享誉全球，使无数人免于饥饿，于2021年去世，享年91岁。此处为rid sb. of sth.“使某人摆脱，免除……”结构，故填of。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这位科学家花了50多年的时间研究和改良杂交水稻，这种水稻已经达到了第三代，用不到世界总面积9%的土地养活了世界近五分之一的人口。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是hybrid rice，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，故填which。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：这位科学家花了50多年的时间研究和改良杂交水稻，这种水稻已经达到了第三代，用不到世界总面积9%的土地养活了世界近五分之一的人口。此处表示“几乎，将近”，应用副词nearly作状语，故填nearly。
【39题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：中国杂交水稻年种植面积上达1600万公顷，占全部水稻种植面积的57%。根据area前后的修饰词可知，此处应填the表示特指，表示杂交水稻占全部水稻种植面积的57%，故填the。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他最近的成就包括培育各种海水水稻，或称为耐盐碱水稻。此处修饰名词seawater rice，应用形容词various/varied，意为“各种各样的”，故填various/varied。
【41题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他的团队计划在未来的8到10年里用这种水稻改造中国670万公顷盐碱地。此处为“use sth. to do sth. ”为结构，意为“用……来做……”，此处不定式作目的状语，故填to transform。
【42题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：袁隆平曾说，他有两个梦想——一个是在比人高的水稻下乘凉，另一个是杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植，帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。根据than可知，此处应用形容词比较级taller，意为“比……高”，故填taller。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：袁隆平曾说，他有两个梦想——一个是在比人高的水稻下乘凉，另一个是杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植，帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。根据空前的修饰词global可知，此处应填名词作宾语，short“短缺的”是形容词，其对应的名词是shortage，为不可数名词，故填shortage。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：袁隆平毕生致力于减少饥饿，这使他成为中国的民族英雄和家喻户晓的人。devotion后的to是介词，后应跟动名词作宾语，故填reducing。
【45题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：1999年，一颗由国家天文观测站发现的小行星以袁命名。此句中主语为an asteroid，为单数，此处为谓语动词，动词name和主语an asteroid之间是被动关系，且由时间状语“In 1999”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是名词单数，故填was named。
第四部分 基础知识(共35分)
第一节：根据中文提示或所给单词的恰当形式填空。(每空1分，共11分)
46. If you take up a challenge, you will find ________ (难以置信的) joy in the process.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】incredible##unbelievable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你接受挑战，你会在这个过程中发现难以置信的快乐。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词incredible/unbelievable“难以置信的”修饰名词joy，满足句意要求。故填incredible/unbelievable。
47. With the development of technology, we have a ____ (趋势；倾向) to lead a more convenient life.（根据汉语意思填空）
【答案】tendency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着科技的发展，我们趋向于过上更方便的生活。分析句子结构，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，设空处需填名词“趋势，倾向”，tendency意为“趋势，倾向”。故填tendency。
48. I don’t think there’s enough information to make an ________(假设). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】assumption
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我认为没有足够的信息来做假设。根据所给出的汉语提示，可知应是名词“assumption”，在句中作动词“make”的宾语。故填assumption。
49. There were some disagreements between two drivers about who was to ________ (责怪). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】blame
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：两位司机对谁该负责有些分歧。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词blame“责备”。sb. be to blame“某人对某事应负责任”，为固定搭配。故填blame。
50. You need to ________ (说服，使相信) the interviewers of your ability to do the job well. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】convince
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：你需要让面试官相信你有能力做好这份工作。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词convince“说服，使相信”，满足句意要求，结合空前to可知，为动词不定式，应为动词原形。故填convince。
51. The idea of humans’ walking on water is crazy and cannot become a ________ (real).(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】reality
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人类在水上行走这个想法很疯狂，不能成为现实。根据句子分析可知，此处应用名词reality作宾语，且空前有冠词a，故填reality。
52. They need a________ (rely) method to reduce the unemployment rate. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】reliable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们需要一个可靠的方法来降低失业率。分析句子可知，空处缺少method的定语，用形容词，rely对应的形容词为reliable（可靠的）。故填reliable。
53. One way of ________ (overcome) this problem is to study much harder than before. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】overcoming
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：克服这个问题的一个方法是比以前更加努力地学习。分析句意再根据空格前的介词of可知，所以用提示词的动名词形式overcoming作介词的宾语，符合语境。故填overcoming。
54. The newscast covers topical events and ________ (entertain). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】entertainments
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：新闻节目包括时事事件和娱乐节目。此处与topical events是并列成分，应用名词entertainment，表示“娱乐节目”时，是可数名词，与events是并列关系，应用复数形式，作cover的宾语。故填entertainments。

55. Many students with a large amount of pocket money may not know how to use it ________ (appropriate). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】appropriately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：很多有大量零花钱的学生可能不知道如何正确使用钱。副词appropriately修饰动词use。故填appropriately。
56. Keeping clean can help to decrease the risk of___________(infect). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】infection
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：保持清洁有助于降低感染风险。空处作宾语，应填名词，infection“感染”符合题意，抽象概念，不可数。故填infection。
第二节：根据中文意思完成以下句子。(一个空填一个单词，每小题3分，共24分)
57. 这个新建的体育馆能容纳多达3000人。
The newly-built stadium can hold________ ________3000 people.
【答案】 ①. up ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。结合中英文句子，空处涉及固定短语up to“多达……”。故填up to。
58. 张桂梅献身于教育事业数十年，13年前创办了全国第一所全免费女子高中。
Zhang Guimei who has ________ herself ________ education for ten years, founded the first all-free girls’ high school in China 13 years ago.
【答案】 ①. devoted/ committed.... ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。“献身于”翻译为devote/ commit oneself...to...，再根据has可知，本句为现在完成时。故填过去分词devoted / committed....to。故填devoted / committed....to。
59. 一年由春、夏、秋、冬四个季节组成。
A year ________ ________ ________ the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter.
【答案】 ①. is ②. comprised/composed ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意可知，本句陈述的是一般事实，所以时态用一般现在时，表示“由……组成”可以用固定短语be comprised/composed of，又因为主语A year是第三人称，所以be动词用is。故答案为is comprised/composed of。
60. 他们拒绝雇佣他。换句话说，他没得到那份工作。
They refused to employ him. ________ ________ ________, he didn’t get the job.
【答案】 ①. In ②. other ③. words
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子，空处涉及固定短语in other words“换句话说”。故填In；other；words。
61. 我亲眼目睹了他们最终是如何打破隔阂，避免冲突的。
I witnessed how they ultimately ________ ________ the barriers and avoided the conflict.
【答案】 ①. broke ②. down
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处动词短语break down“打破”，由witnessed和avoided可知，句子陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填①broke；②down。

62. 然而，他始终没有放弃彻底根除霍乱的愿望。
However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 ①. once ②. and ③. for ④. all
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用固定短语once and for all“一劳永逸地；彻底地”，作状语。故填①once；②and；③for；④all。
63. 它以其令人叹为观止的美吸引着来自世界各地的游客。
It ________ ________ tourists from all over the world with its breathtaking beauty.
【答案】 ①. appeals ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。对比中英文可发现空缺的部分意为“吸引”，短语appeal to意为“吸引”，此处陈述客观事实，应使用一般现在时，故填appeals to。
64. 在内心深处，她支持丈夫参与该组织。
________ ________, she supported her husband’s involvement in the organization.
【答案】 ①. Deep ②. down
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。deep down在心底，在内心深处。根据句意，故填Deep down。
第五部分：写作 (满分20分包含5分书写分)
65. 假如你是李华，你的外国笔友Jim对中国长城很感兴趣。请你给他根据以下要点给他写一封信， 简要介绍长城的一些情况。
历史：有两千多年的历史。
特点：世界上最长的城墙，长6000多千米;建筑材料主要为石头、砖头，修建工作都是人工进行;主要用于防御外来入侵者(invader)，沿墙每隔几百米就有烽火台(watchtower)。
现状：世界著名旅游景点之一，每年吸引许多国内外游客到长城观光旅游。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3. 信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Learning that you show great interest in the Great Wall, I’m writing to share some information with you.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Learning that you show great interest in the Great Wall, I’m writing to share some information with you.
The Great Wall, which is more than 6,000 kilometers long, is the longest wall in the world. With a history of over 2, 000 years, it was made of stones and bricks. Besides, almost all the construction was done by hand without any machine. As the wall was built to defend the country against foreign invaders, there were watchtowers every few hundred meters along the wall. Now, the Great wall is one of the most famous places of interest in China, attracting many tourists from home and abroad every year.
As is described above, I believe it is worthwhile to pay a visit to the Great Wall.
Yours,
Li hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国笔友Jim写一封信，向他介绍中国的长城。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对...感兴趣：show interest in→be interested in
除此之外：besides→in addition
著名的：famous→well-known
许多：many→a great number of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Now, the Great wall is one of the most famous places of interest in China, attracting many tourists from home and abroad every year.
拓展句：Now, the Great wall is one of the most famous places of interest in China, which attracts many tourists from home and abroad every year.
【点睛】【高级句式1】The Great Wall, which is more than 6,000 kilometers long, is the longest wall in the world. （运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高级句式2】As the wall was built to defend the country against foreign invaders, there were watchtowers every few hundred meters along the wall. （运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
听力答案：1-5：CABBB 6-10: CACAB 11-15: CBCBA