17 阅读理解-2022-2023年八年级英语上期期末考点专练（人教版）

这是一份17 阅读理解-2022-2023年八年级英语上期期末考点专练（人教版），共28页。试卷主要包含了应用文，记叙文，说明文，议论文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023年八年级英语上期期末考点专练（人教版）
17 阅读理解
真题训练
一、应用文
（2022·湖南·武冈市教育科学研究所八年级期末）
HOT MOVIE!
Film: The Battle(战斗) at Lake Changjin
Kind: War/History
Directors(导演): Chen Kaige, Hark Tsui, Dante Lam
Running Time: 176 minutes
Country: China
Storyline: It tells the story of Chinese People’s Volunteers fighting bravely in an important battle during the Korea War(1950-1953).
Price: Mon.—Fri.: ¥40    ¥20(Kids under 7)
Sat.&Sun.: ¥50    ¥25(Kids under 7)

1． The Battle at Lake Changjin is ________.
A．about the war against Japan B．a movie directed by Wu Jing C．about three hours long
2．If a man and his 6-year-old son are going to see the movie on Sunday, they should pay ________.
A．¥60 B．¥75 C．¥80
3．Which of the following is true?
A．The Battle at Lake Changjin is an American film.
B．The Battle at Lake Changjin is a talk show.
C．the Korea War is from 1950 to 1953.

（2022·湖南·衡山县教育教学研究室八年级期末）阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。

Mark
Linda
Tina
Sue
Exercising
Twice a week
Twice a week
Never
Every day
Drinking milk
Never
Twice a day
Every morning
Three times a day
Eating fruit and vegetables
Twice a week
Every day
Once a week
Every day
Eating junk food
Once a day
Twice a week
Four times a week
Never
Sleeping
Seven hours a day
Six hours a day
Four hours a day
Eight hours a day

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
4．________ drinks milk twice a day.A．Mark B．Linda C．Sue
5．________ and ________ eat fruit and vegetables every day.
A．Mark; Tina B．Sue; Mark C．Sue; Linda
6．________ never eats junk food and ________ sleeps seven hours a day.
A．Sue; Mark B．Mark; Tina C．Sue; Tina
7．Mark and Linda ________ twice a week.
A．drink milk B．eat junk food C．exercise
8．How often does Mark drink milk?
A．Always. B．Never. C．Every day.

（2022·重庆市綦江区教育科学研究所八年级期末）AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see the amazing AI.
Cool driverless bus
Apolong is a new kind of driverless (无人的) bus.
It can hold fourteen people and doesn’t need a driver. The bus follows the traffic rules. It will stop every time when it sees the red “stop” sign.
Your close friend
Hi, everyone! I’m Xiaoice. I look like a 17-year-old girl. I can talk with you. And I’m good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend!
Popular AI artist
Look at this beautiful picture. It sold for about 3,000,000 yuan! But it is not a work from a famous artist (画家), such as Vincent van Gogh. It’s from an AI artist.
The AI artist studied over 15,000 pictures to learn how to draw. Now it is one of the most popular artists in the world.
World’s first AI anchor
Hey, look! Qiu Hao is a Chinese famous anchor (主播). It is the world’s first AI anchor.
It looks and speaks just like a person. It can speak both Chinese and English. It can work 24 hours without any mistakes (错误).

9．According to the reading, ________ is true.A．Qiu Hao can drive a car.
B．Both Xiaoice and Qiu Hao can speak.
C．Vincent van Gogh invented the AI artist.
D．Apolong will keep going ahead when there’s the red “stop” sign.
10．In the writer’s eyes, AI is ________.
A．stupid and boring B．surprising and wonderful
C．useful but terrible D．exciting but expensive
11．We may see the reading in ________.
A．a medicine book B．a poem book C．a story book D．a newspaper

（2022·全国·八年级单元测试）Come and enjoy your summer in Tianma Country Club!
Good news! Tianma Country Club will start its summer camp. It offers many kinds of lessons from June 27th to August 26th to make this summer more enjoyable for children of all ages.
If you are interested in the summer camp, please call for more information. You can also visit the website .
Address:No.3958 Zhaokun Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai.
Lessons
How often
How long
Golf
Six times a month
Two months
Tennis
Four times a month
Rock climbing
Six times a month
Riding
Four times a month
Football
Four times a month
Drawing
Four times a month
We are looking forward to your coming! Come and join us!
12．The summer camp will finish on ________.
A．June 27th B．August 23rd C．August 25th D．August 26th
13．If Larry takes the golf lesson, he will take ________ lessons all together.
A．four B．six C．eight D．twelve
14．What can we know about the summer camp from the passage?
A．The summer camp lasts three months.
B．We can call the club to get more information.
C．We can send an e-mail to join in the summer camp.
D．We can take three kinds of lessons four times a month.
15．Amy enjoys all kinds of ball sports. She can take many kinds of ball courses except ________.
A．the golf course B．the football course C．the tennis course D．the baseball course
16．Which city is the Tianma Country Club in?
A．Beijing. B．Tianjin. C．Shanghai. D．Nanjing.

（2022·浙江杭州·八年级期末）Travel in New York
Public transport(交通)
Traffic is quite good in New York. The bus is cheap and the subway is common. What’s more, you can take both the bus and the subway with the same card. If you have something important to do. You’d better take a taxi because that’s fast.
Hotels
There are a lot of hotels in New York. The Plaza Hotel is the best and the most expensive one. If you want to pay less for your stay, there are many smaller hotels. The YMCA near Central Park is suitable for young people.
Eating out
Restaurants provide good service in New York.You don’t have to eat at McDonald’s every day and you can try different kinds of food from many countries. You can also enjoy delicious Chinese food in Chinatown.
Shopping
Shopping in New York is fun. You can see big shops everywhere in this modern city. Stores are open seven days a week, but be careful when you look at the prices because you have to pay taxes(付税) on everything you buy. That means you have to pay an extra fee(额外费用) which in New York city is 8% of the purchase(购买) price.
Places to visits
There are too many places to visit in New York—Times Square, the Empire State Building, and the Statue of Liberty.
17．If you decide to buy a book ＄10 in New York, you should pay a total of how much after tax?
A．＄9.80 B．＄10.80 C．＄9.20 D．＄10.20
18．You can eat the delicious Chinese food _______.
A．in Chinatown. B．in Piaza
C．at McDonald’s D．in YMCA
19．Which of the following is NOT in New York?
A．Central Park.
B．The Empire State Building.
C．Times Square.
D．The White House.
20．How many types(类型) of transportation are mentioned in the passage?
A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four
二、记叙文
（2022·辽宁沈阳·八年级期末）We had a school trip to the Dashan Collection House, a building of two floors on March 24. It is open from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm. We took the school bus and arrived at 9:00. When we entered the collection house, we saw a collection of old photos of the town on the walls of the front hall. Those photos told us something about the history of the town. And then in the Art Room, we saw many photos of the countryside. Some famous artists drew them. The colors of the flowers and the trees were rich and bright.
Then we went upstairs. On the left, there were over one hundred different clocks. The oldest clock was already more than two hundred years old. To my surprise, the clocks all worked well and they could tell the right time. It was then ten o’clock, and some clocks made different beautiful sounds. It seemed to be a concert (音乐会). How surprising!
On the right there was also a stone collection. The stones were from all over the country. They were in different sizes, colors and shapes (形状). Some looked like different kinds of animals. I really liked one stone that looked like a little monkey. It looked very nice.
The collections were wonderful. So we stayed there until 1:30 in the afternoon. I had a great time and really liked the school trip.
21．What time does the Dashan Collection House open?
A．At 5:00a.m. B．At 9:00 a.m. C．At 10:00 a.m. D．At 11:30 a.m.
22．The writer felt surprised because ________.
A．the clocks were over 100 years old B．the clocks could have a concert
C．all the clocks made different mice sounds D．all the clocks never told the wrong time
23．What did the writer prefer when he went upstairs?
A．A monkey. B．A stone. C．A photo. D．A clock.
24．What did the writer think of the collections?
A．Great B．Different. C．Beautiful. D．Famous.

（2022·辽宁沈阳·八年级期末）Katelyn Haslebacher is a 14-year-old student at Sunset High School, Texas, US. She loves elephants. She has elephant bags and toys and puts elephant pictures on her bedroom wall.
Haslebacher’s love of elephants has encouraged her to do something for the animals.
For her year-long eighth-grade project, she started a foundation (基金会) called All Ears Elephant. The foundation gives medical care and other help to elephants.
As a violinist, Haslebacher had a concert online to raise money for the foundation last year. She made the whole thing herself—she asked different people to hand in songs, put them all together and uploaded (上传) the final work to the Internet. “It was great,” Haslebacher’s mother said.
Haslebacher raised nearly 4,000 dollars (about 26,000 yuan) and gave the money to two elephant sanctuaries (保护区).
25．What is the best title of the text?
A．A 14-year-old boy B．All Ears Elephant
C．Big friends need help D．Elephants need money
26．What does Haslebacher put on her bedroom wall?
A．Elephant bags. B．Elephant toys. C．Elephant clothes. D．Elephant pictures.
27．From the text, we know that Haslebucher studies in ________.
A．Grade 6 B．Grade 5 C．Grade 8 D．Grade 7
28．How much money did Hasiebacher raise for the elephants?
A．About 26,000 dollars. B．About 26,00 yuan.
C．Nearly 40000 yuan. D．Nearly 4000 dollars.

（2022·河南郑州·八年级期末）I was sitting on my mom’s sofa and thinking of my difficult life. Being short of work and money made my wife, our baby boy and me live with my parents. We slept in my old bedroom, and I was feeling upset.
Thankfully, I had one new job: helping my son learn how to walk. Anytime he took a few steps, however, he would fall down and cry. I had to bend over and hold his hand while he walked along. But my back didn't deal with it too well.
As I sat there with my eyes closed, I suddenly heard my mother say, “Joe,look!” I opened my eyes and watched my son grab the coffee table, pull himself up and smile. Next with a giggle (咯咯的笑), he started walking around it, keeping his hands on it for balance (平衡). Finally, when he reached the end of it, he took two big steps and made it to the wall. Then he started walking down the hall with his hands balancing on the wall the whole way. I laughed and cheered.
Suddenly, I realized losing the job wasn’t so bad, because my boy had learned to walk.
Trying to do something new is a lot like first learning to walk. We often fall and cry. However, as long as we try again, we will find our own feet and know how to do it. Don’t be afraid to step out. Don’t be afraid to fall.
根据材料内容选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
29．According to the first paragraph, what did the writer think of his life?
A．Happy and easy. B．Hopeless and hard.
C．Tiring and full. D．Different and rich.
30．What did the writer usually do when his son walked along?
A．He bent over and held his son’s hand.
B．He followed his son and cried in silence.
C．He sat aside and asked his son to stand up.
D．He watched his son and thought about his life.
31．What does the underlined word “grab” mean?
A．抢先 B．抓住 C．吸引 D．霸占
32．Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A．Bending over too much is bad for the writer’s back.
B．The writer’s mother found her grandson could walk.
C．Learning to walk was quite easy for the writer’s son.
D．The writer was happy that his son could walk alone.
33．What did the writer learn from his son’s experience?
A．Leaning how to walk is a useful thing.
B．Life without work or money is not easy.
C．Failure is not so terrible if you try hard.
D．Tries for new things aren’t always good.

（2022·重庆市綦江区教育科学研究所八年级期末）One Monday morning, when I was waiting for the train, suddenly I felt uncomfortable(不舒服的). I couldn’t keep standing, then fell down and the world went black. Someone(某人) shouted, “Oh, my God, she’s falling.”… Then I only remembered that the doctor asked me my name… That happened because I was too tired. I was busy cleaning my new house and I ate little last weekend.
The doctor told me that a kind man saw me fall down. He got to me right away, and told others to call 120. He stayed with me until the ambulance(救护车) arrived. Then he went with me to the hospital, so he missed his train. At last, this kind man left without telling us his name.
I don’t know the kind man’s name. But if he reads this article and remembers a young girl fainting(晕倒) at the train station, I’d like him to know that I want to say “Thank you” to him. If I meet with such a man, I will do the same as he did to me. And I’ll pass on the kindness to others.
34．The writer fell down because ________.
A．a train hit her B．she didn’t sleep for days
C．she didn’t eat enough food D．her leg hurt badly last weekend
35．The writer got to the hospital by ________.
A．taking the bus B．taking a taxi
C．riding her bicycle D．taking the car from the hospital
36．After the writer fell down, the man ________.
A．called 120 right away B．helped save the writer
C．told the doctor his name and then left D．stopped a car to take the writer to the hospital
37．The underlined “such a man” in Paragraph 3 refer to(指的是) ________.
A．someone falls down B．someone eats little
C．someone needs help D．someone misses the train

（2022·重庆市綦江区教育科学研究所八年级期末）If you want to be a soccer player, nothing can stop you. Gabriel, a boy from Brazil (巴西), was born without feet. All the people thought he couldn’t walk by himself, but he started walking with his legs before he was one year old. His mother was afraid her son would fall down, so she would go after him. But he never fell. He spent a long time learning to play football well, and he made it. In fact, soccer is his favorite. Now he is the best player in his school team.
He wants to show people that he can play soccer well like healthy kids. He’s fast and clever. And he has a big bag of skills. He learns to play soccer from Messi (梅西) on TV and then practices again and again. He tries his best to copy Messi, the great soccer star. Last year, Messi knew his story and asked him to come to his team in Argentina (阿根廷). He could show his soccer skills to others.
38．People think Gabriel couldn’t walk by himself because ________.
A．his feet hurt badly B．he lost his feet in an accident
C．he had no feet when he was born D．he had only one foot when he was born
39．The underlined word “copy” means ________.
A．抄袭 B．击败 C．模仿 D．歌颂
40．Which of the following is NOT true? _______
A．The boy is a great player in Brazil now.
B．Gabriel is good at soccer and has lots of soccer skills.
C．Learning to play soccer is not easy for young Gabriel.
D．No one else can play better than Gabriel in the school team.
41．We can learn from the story of Gabriel that ________.
A．practice makes perfect B．every coin has two sides
C．we shouldn’t not teach fish to swim D．God help those who help themselves
三、说明文
（2021·江苏·南京第五初中八年级期末）
Do you think of white when someone talks about a polar bear? In fact, the polar bear does not have white fur. It just seems to be white when the sun shines on ice. Polar bears have a very good sense of smell. It helps them find food. During summer, polar bears sleep longer, because they are able to find their food more easily at night. Usually, after a meal, polar bears have a short sleep. A polar bear can have 2-3 babies at a time. They live with their mothers until they are about two and a half years old.
However, polar bears will die out soon because of people. There are only 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears in the world. Those polar bears left are trying to survive (生存) today. The number of them is becoming smaller and smaller because of the loss of sea ice—polar bears mostly live in the sea ice, not the land ice. This is happening because of global warming. Besides, they also have to face pollution, hunting and so on.
Some people don’t care, but other people want to save tigers, fight for giant pandas and save polar bears. Join them and try to make the world a better place for those beautiful and lovely animals.
42．According to the passage, what problems are polar bears facing?
A．Sleeping and hunting. B．Pollution and global warming.
C．Food and the loss of land ice. D．Bad sense of smell and pollution.
43．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Polar bears’ fur is white.
B．Polar bears have a good, happy life.
C．Polar bears can have more than three babies at a time.
D．It’s harder for polar bears to find food in the daytime in summer.
44．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．To let people know why polar bears are in danger.
B．To show the number of polar bears is getting smaller.
C．To talk about polar bears and ask people to protect them.
D．To tell people that polar bears will soon have nowhere to live.

（2022·湖南·武冈市教育科学研究所八年级期末）The 24th Beijing Winter Olympics (冬奥会) will begin on 4th February, 2022. The Winter Paralympics (残奥会) will begin a month later. Let’s meet the mascots (吉祥物)!
I’m Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩). I’m the mascot of the 2022 Winter Olympics. I am a black and white panda wearing a full-body “shell” (壳) made of ice. The red heart shape in my left palm (手心) means welcoming the friends from other countries. The bright colors of the circles around my face stand for ice and snow sport tracks (轨迹), meaning connectivity and advanced technologies. I look like an astronaut (宇航员), making full use of new technologies for a future with all kinds of possibilities.
Shuey Rhon Rhon (雪容融) is here! I’m the mascot of the 2022 Winter Paralympics. What do you think of when you see me? Does a red lantern come into your mind? That’s what I look like. Take a look at my head. There are paper cuttings of doves (鸽子). They make up a circle. Follow me. I’ll light the way to the Paralympics.
45．When will the 2022 Winter Paralympics start?
A．On 4th March, 2022. B．On 4th January, 2022. C．On 4th February, 2022.
46．What does Bing Dwen Dwen look like?
A．A lantern. B．An astronaut. C．A sports track.
47．Where is the red heart?
A．It’s on Shuey Rhon Rhon’s face.
B．It’s on Bing Dwen Dwen’s neck.
C．It’s in Bing Dwen Dwen’s left palm.
48．What does the underlined phrase “stand for” mean?
A．代表 B．代替 C．站立
49．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．The 2022 Winter Olympic games are coming.
B．The 2022 Winter Olympic games will be held in Beijing.
C．Let’s see mascots of the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics.

（2022·重庆市綦江区教育科学研究所八年级期末）Are you a fan of country music? Do you like eating barbecue (烧烤)? You can enjoy both of them in the same place—Nashville.
Nashville is a city in Tennessee, the United States. About 700 thousand people live a happy life here. Founded (建立于) near the Cumberland River in 1779, it is an old city. But it is also a modern one with beautiful buildings and wonderful streets.
People call it Music City because it is the country music capital of the world. Musicians like Elvis, Beyonce and Taylor Swift have all made music in Nashville.
If you want to listen to music, go to Honkytonk Highway. There are many music clubs, restaurants and bars (酒吧) on this street. Walk into any of them and you will see a band or a musician play. This city also has many art centres and museums. They are good places to learn about American culture and history.
Nashville is also a great place to eat nice food. Barbecue is a favourite there. Chicken, ribs, turkey, pork, and beef—Nashville barbecue has something for every taste. Be careful not to eat too much!
Feel your mouth watering? Go to the city and enjoy yourselves.
50．The passage mainly tells us something about ________.
A．a US city B．a country C．US art D．barbecue
51．The structure of the passage may be ________.
( ①＝Paragraph(自然段)1  ②＝Paragraph 2   ③＝Paragraph 3    ④＝Paragraph 4    ⑤＝Paragraph 5   ⑤＝Paragraph 6 )
A． B． C． D．
52．If someone’s mouth is watering, he or she feels like ________.
A．visiting a place B．listening to some music
C．eating something very much D．playing some music
53．You can find the passage in the column (栏目) of ________.
A．housing B．sports C．cooking D．travelling

（2022·重庆市綦江区教育科学研究所八年级期末）Millions of years ago, dinosaurs(恐龙) controlled the earth. And there were different types of dinosaurs on the earth. Some of them were no bigger than chickens, and all of them had very small brains(大脑). Later on, there weren’t any dinosaurs. What happened to them?
In the days of dinosaurs, the whole earth was warm and wet. There were many green forests. But the earth changed slowly all the time. When parts of the earth became cold and it seldom rained, the forests there died. Then dinosaurs could not find enough food to eat. ▲
What’s another reason? We can make a guess. New kinds of animals came to the earth. Some had big brains and were fast and strong. They could kill dinosaurs. Some ate dinosaur eggs, too.
There may be other reasons that we do not know about. Each year, people will find some dinosaur footprints(脚印) and bones. Scientists are trying to tell us more about dinosaurs.
54．According to the passage, we are NOT sure that ________.
A．all dinosaurs had very small brains
B．different types of dinosaurs were on the earth
C．millions of years ago dinosaurs controlled the earth
D．new kinds of animals came to the earth and killed dinosaurs
55．Which of the following can we put in the ▲ ?
A．Then the earth changed quickly again.
B．This must be one reason why dinosaurs died out.
C．First, dinosaurs went out to kill many new animals and ate them.
D．One reason is that the earth had good temperature and enough rain.
56．We can learn from this passage that ________.
A．dinosaurs are not strong B．scientists are trying to study dinosaurs
C．dinosaurs left nothing on the earth D．scientists know everything about dinosaurs
57．The best title for the passage can be ________.
A．Where Dinosaurs Lived B．When Dinosaurs Died Out
C．Why Dinosaurs Died Out D．What Dinosaurs Looked Like

（2022·福建福州·八年级期末）Look closely at your hands — are they clean? It doesn’t matter how many times you wash your hands, tiny microbes (微生物) still stay on them. But don’t worry — most microbes don’t harm you.
Now, scientists say the microbes that live on our hands may be used in a surprising way: fighting crime (犯罪). According to a report, microbes may be used to identify (识别) the criminal, just like fingerprints.
Everyone has his own set of microbes on hands. That is to say, if you and your best friend compare (比较) all the microbes on the hands, they look different. Some microbes only show up on your hands while others only live on your friend’s hands.
When you work on a computer, you leave the microbes on the keyboard. The scientists can easily tell the owner of the keyboard by looking at the microbes on it. Even you don’t leave your fingerprints behind, your microbes may give you away.
Noah Fierer, a scientist says, “A fingerprint can be cleaned, but microbes can’t.” He says that scientists have a lot more work to do before the microbes are used as a useful tool.
58．According to the text, ________ may be used to identify the criminal.
A．fingerprints and scientists’ hands B．scientists’ hands and microbes
C．microbes and keyboards D．fingerprints and microbes on the hands
59．Which is TRUE according to paragraph 3?
A．Our hands look the same. B．We have our own sets of microbes.
C．We should compare hands often. D．The microbes will make the keyboard dirty.
60．When you work on a computer, the microbes ________.
A．will disappear B．also stay on the keyboard
C．will do harm to you D．just stay on your hands
61．From Noah Fierer’s words, we know that ________.
A．unlike fingerprints, microbes can’t be cleaned B．microbes can be found on everyone’s hands
C．the microbes are used as a useful tool now D．fingerprints are no longer useful in fighting crime
62．What’s the best title for the text?
A．The Fingerprints and the Microbes B．Everyone Has Microbes
C．The Microbes May Help Catch Criminals D．Fingerprints May Help Catch Criminals
四、议论文
（2022·湖南·衡山县教育教学研究室八年级期末）阅读下面的短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
If you think you are too shy and want to be a little bit braver, just try the following things:
You can make it. Tell people you are shy. There is no need to hide it. When they get to know you are a shy kid, they will understand you better. This also helps feel more at ease in talks.
Try to smile more. When you smile, people think you are friendly and easy to talk with. Remember that other people have feelings, too; and most people will stay away from an angry-looking face.
Learn to be a good talker. If you find it hard to start a conversation, say something nice about people around you. Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you. Doesn’t it make you want to keep talking to that person?
Get your attention elsewhere. Think more about ways to enjoy parties or games.
Don’t waste time worrying about your look or whether people like you or not.
Take one small step at a time. Each time when you say: “Hi!” or smile at someone, say to yourself “You can make it.” Keep trying and one day you’ll never feel shy when you talk to others.
63．How many pieces of advice does the writer give?
A．four B．Five C．three
64．What does the underlined phrase “at ease” mean in Chinese?
A．自在 B．尴尬 C．害羞
65．If you find it difficult to start a talk, you can ________.
A．say nothing but smile
B．say something nice about others around you
C．look others up and down
66．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．Don’t keep smiling too often.
B．Never say something nice about people.
C．One day you’ll never feel shy when talking to others.
67．Which of the best title of this passage?
A．How to Overcome(克服) Shyness.
B．Change Your Everyday Life.
C．Keep Trying to Say Something Nice.

（2021·山东济南·八年级期末）“I don’t like my parents. They always tell me I should do this and should do that. It sometimes makes me angry.” said Zhang Hu, a middle school student in Guangzhou. Do you have the same problem? Perhaps your parents had the same problem when they were your age long ago. Why does it seem that some parents are not so friendly in their children’s eyes?
One of the most important reasons is that when someone becomes a parent, he/she likes worrying about things. They worry about everything about you. They do a lot for you, though something would make you angry, because they care about you and worry about you. They worry about the friends you choose, the food you eat, your work at school, how much sleep you get etc. All these things are part of your life. They want you to grow up healthily and happily.
So how can you make things easier on yourself? It’s easier than you think. Just make sure your parents know what you’re doing. Get them to know your friends. Call them if you stay somewhere else so that your parents won’t call everybody in the phone book looking for you. Say sorry to them when you make mistakes. Take responsibility (负责任) for what you did. Talk about your ideas with them. They may talk about theirs with you.
Most of all, try to think about why your parents do this or do that. They are still practicing being parents and need help from you. Some day, when you become a parent, they may be able to tell you how to get on with your children.
68．What’s Zhang Hua’s problem?
A．She doesn’t live with her parents. B．She is sometimes angry with her parents.
C．Her parents don’t care about her. D．Her parents are too busy to look after her.
69．Parents seem unfriendly in their children’s eyes because ________.
A．they are too tired B．they have too much housework
C．they are getting old D．they worry about their children
70．From this passage, we know that parents want their children ________.
A．to get the best grades at school B．to make a lot of friends
C．to grow up healthily and happily D．to get up as early as possible
71．Your parents will call everybody in the phone book if ________.
A．they don’t know what you are doing B．you don’t tell them where you are
C．they don’t know who your friends are D．you make some careless mistakes
72．From this passage, we know that it’s important for you to ________.
A．understand your parents B．get enough sleep
C．say sorry to your friends D．help other people

（2022·重庆巴蜀中学八年级期末）Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most famous scientists, once said, “Once we step into space, our future should be safe,” Do you agree with him?
Today, many countries such as the United States, Russia, China, are building space stations and sending astronauts there. These stations will prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars （火星）or other earth—like planets.
Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks it is a right thing for the countries to do so. Humans should move to other planets and build new homes there. He wants to start with Mars. Why? He thinks sending people to Mars will help us to learn a lot of things—for example, the ability（能力）of humans to live in a very different environment. In the end, we could work and live on other planets. Besides, any improvement we make in science, technology（科技）, medicine and health will do good to people here on Earth.
Elon Musk, the founder and CEO of Space X, a company（公司）that builds rockets, also believes we should send humans to Mars. He doesn’t want to send just “one little mission（使命）,” though. His long—term plan is to put one million people there if some bad things happen to us here on Earth.
Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea. Many people say it’s too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People who have such a long way to travel could face many health problems. What’ more, these first people would find life terribly difficult in space. On the moon’s surface（表面）, for example, the sun’s rays（光线）are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time.
Although there will be lots of difficulties, sending people into space seems certain. As the saying goes, “My conquest（征途）is the sea of stars.” In the future, we might see cities or even new human cultures on other planets.
73．Both Robert Zubrin and Elon Musk probably agree that ________.
A．it’s impossible to send humans into space
B．people should live on the moon in the future
C．it’s not a good idea to live on the earth
D．it’s necessary to send humans to other planets like Mars
74．From Paragraph 5, we know ________.
A．Stephen Hawking is one of the world’s most famous scientists
B．humans will be dangerous if they stay outdoers in space
C．there are a few reasons not to send humans into space
D．there are some reasons to travel to Mars
75．The structure of the article may be ________.
A． B． C． D．
76．Which of the following is true?
A．Travelling in space is fun and meaningful
B．In Paragraph 1, the word “our” means humans’.
C．To prepare humans to live on the moon a lot of countries are planning to build space stations.
D．Not everyone agrees that humans should move to other planets because humans know nothing about space.

（2022·重庆忠县·八年级期末）Do you know how to be a healthy kid? Here are some rules you should follow.
*Eat different food, especially fruit and vegetables. You may have your favorite food, but you’d better eat something different. If you eat different food, you will probably get more nutrients (营养物质) your body needs.
*Drink water and milk as often as possible. When you’re really thirsty, cold water is the No.1 choice. Milk is a great drink that can give you more calcium (钙) your body needs to grow strong bones.
*Listen to your body. How do you feel when you are full? When you are eating, notice how your body feels and when your stomach feels comfortably full. Eating too much will not make you feel comfortable and will make you fat.
*Limit screen time. Screen time is the time you watch TV, DVDs and videos, or computers. It is good to take more exercise such as basketball, bike riding and swimming. You can’t watch TV for more than two hours a day.
*Be active. One thing you’d like to do, as a kid, is to find out which activity you like best. Find ways to be active every day.
Follow these rules and you can be a healthy kid.
77．You should eat different food especially ________.
A．meat B．hamburgers
C．sweets D．fruit and vegetables
78．Which kind of drinks can give you more calcium? ________
A．Juice. B．Milk.
C．Cold water. D．Tea.
79．According to the passage, you should follow ________ rules if you want to be healthy.
A．four B．five C．six D．seven
80．You should watch TV ________ a day.
A．more than two hours
B．less than two hours
C．more than three hours
D．five hours

（2022·河北·石家庄市栾城区教育局教研室八年级期末）Making new friends can be difficult, especially (特别) if you are in a new situation (环境). It may seem like everyone else has a friend to sit with or to talk to. Don’t worry; if you’re a nice person, you can make friends, too.
Step (步骤) 1: Decide what kind of people you want to play with. Choose wisely, because you’ll probably become the same kind of person as them. Pick children that are nice to other people.
Step 2: Smile and say something nice to the person you want to be your friend. If you like a person’s shoes or think a girl is good at basketball, just say so. Everyone likes compliments.
Step 3: Join clubs and teams. If you like sports, try out for some. Put yourself in situations where you are around by many children that enjoy the same activities as you. It’s easier to be friends when you have the same hobbies.
Step 4: Ask questions in a good time. People love to talk about themselves. Be careful not to ask personal (私人的) questions or ask someone too many questions.
81．How many steps are mentioned (提到) to make new friends？
A．Six. B．Five. C．Three. D．Four
82．The underlined word “wisely” can best be replaced (代替) by “________”.
A．cleverly B．slowly C．sadly D．quickly
83．The Chinese meaning of the underlined word “compliments” is “________”.
A．恭喜 B．称赞 C．问候 D．尊敬
84．What should you do when you make friends with someone?
A．Ask how old he or she is. B．Ask him or her many questions.
C．Smile and say something nice to him or her. D．Tell him or her you don’t like his or her shoes.
85．What is the passage mainly about?
A．It is difficult to make new friends. B．There are some steps to make new friends.
C．Be nice to the people around you. D．Everyone has their hobbies and interests.
参考答案：
1．C    2．B    3．C

【导语】本文是一篇广告。主要介绍了《长津湖》的相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据“Running Time: 176 minutes”可知，这部影片大约3个小时。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Sat.&Sun.: ¥50 ¥25(Kids under 7)”可知，周日观看该影片，一位成年人50元，7岁以下的小孩子25元。所以一位男士和一个6岁的孩子应该是75元。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“ It tells the story of Chinese People’s Volunteers fighting bravely in an important battle during the Korea War(1950-1953).”可知，朝鲜战争从1950年到1953年。故选C。
4．B    5．C    6．A    7．C    8．B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了马克、琳达、蒂娜以及苏在锻炼、喝牛奶、吃水果蔬菜、吃垃圾食品以及睡觉方面的频率。
4．细节理解题。根据表格可知，琳达每天喝两次牛奶。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据表格可知，琳达和苏每天吃水果蔬菜。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据表格可知，苏从来不吃垃圾食品，马克每天睡7小时。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据表格可知，马克和琳达每周锻炼两次。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据表格可知，马克从不喝牛奶。故选B。
9．B    10．B    11．D

【导语】本文主要讲述了4则有关人工智能的信息。
9．细节理解题。根据“I can talk with you.”和“It can speak both Chinese and English.”可知，Xiaoice和Qiu Hao都能说话，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据“AI(人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see the amazing AI.”可知，作者认为AI是令人惊讶的，神奇的。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，主要讲述了人工智能，因此可能在报纸上看到，故选D。
12．D    13．D    14．B    15．D    16．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要是一份天马乡村俱乐部招生广告。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“from June 27th to August 26th”可知，夏令营的结束时间是8月26号。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据表格中“Golf”一行的内容可知，高尔夫球课程每个月有6次，一共持续2个月，计算可知共12节课。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you are interested in the summer camp, please call for more information.”可知，如果你对夏令营感兴趣，请致电了解更多信息。故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据表格中内容可知，表格中没有baseball“棒球”的课程，因此她不能选棒球。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据文章中的“Address: No.3958 Zhaokun Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai.”可知，天马乡村俱乐部的夏令营活动在上海举办。故选C。
17．B    18．A    19．D    20．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要是给想要去纽约旅游的人一些各方面的建议。
17．推理判断题。根据“Shopping”部分“That means you have to pay an extra fee(额外费用) which in New York city is 8% of the purchase(购买) price.”可知，在纽约市买东西需要支付购买价格的8%作为税款，所以价格＄10，要加上税款＄0.80，一共需要支付＄10.80。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“Eating out”部分“You can also enjoy delicious Chinese food in Chinatown.”可知，你还可以在唐人街享用美味的中餐。故选A。
19．细节推理题。根据“Places to visits”部分“There are too many places to visit in New York —Times Square, the Empire State Building, and the Statue of Liberty.”可知，纽约的参观景点有时代广场、帝国大厦和自由女神像。由此可知选项D“白宫”不存在。故选D。
20．细节理解题。根据“Public transport(交通)”中“The bus is cheap and the subway is common...You’d better take a taxi because that’s fast.”可知，一共提及了三种交通方式，bus“公交车”、subway“地铁”以及taxi“出租车”，所以文中一共提到了三种交通方式。故选C。
21．B    22．D    23．B    24．A

【导语】本文主要讲了作者的学校组织去大山收藏馆旅行的经历和感受。
21．细节理解题。根据“It is open from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm.”可知大山收藏馆上午九点开门。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“To my surprise, the clocks all worked well and they could tell the right time.”可知作者感到惊讶是因为所有的钟都显示的是正确的时间。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据“I really liked one stone that looked like a little monkey. It looked very nice.”可知作者更喜欢其中一块石头。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据“The collections were wonderful.”及“I had a great time and really liked the school trip.”可知作者认为这些收藏非常好。故选A。
25．C    26．D    27．C    28．D

【导语】本文主要讲了Katelyn Haslebacher因为喜欢大象而成立了保护大象的基金会，并筹集资金帮助大象的故事。
25．标题归纳题。本文主要讲了Katelyn Haslebacher因为喜欢大象而成立了保护大象的基金会并筹集资金帮助大象的故事。用“Big friends need help”最标题最合适。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“She has elephant bags and toys and puts elephant pictures on her bedroom wall.”可知Haslebacher在卧室墙上张贴大象的照片。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“For her year-long eighth-grade project, she started a foundation called All Ears Elephant.”可知Haslebacher就读于八年级。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“Haslebacher raised nearly 4,000 dollars (about 26,000 yuan) and gave the money to two elephant sanctuaries.”可知Haslebacher为大象筹集了将近4000美元。故选D。
29．B    30．A    31．B    32．C    33．C

【导语】本文作者通过儿子学走路的经历，告诉我们：如果你努力尝试，失败并不可怕。
29．推理判断题。根据“I was sitting on my mom’s sofa and thinking of my difficult life. Being short of work and money...We slept in my old bedroom, and I was feeling upset.”可知，作者感到很沮丧，觉得生活绝望而艰难。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据“I had to bend over and hold his hand while he walked along.”可知，作者不得不弯腰握着他的手。故选A。
31．词义猜测题。根据“I opened my eyes and watched my son grab the coffee table, pull himself up and smile. ...he started walking around it, keeping his hands on it for balance (平衡)”可知，他的手放在上面保持平衡，由此推断，他应该是抓住桌子站稳了。划线单词表示“抓住”。故选B。
32．推理判断题。根据“Anytime he took a few steps, however, he would fall down and cry. ”可知，他每走几步，就会摔倒哭泣，说明学走路并不容易，C项说法错误， 故选C。
33．推理判断题。通读全文，根据“Trying to do something new is a lot like first learning to walk. We often fall and cry. However, as long as we try again, we will find our own feet and know how to do it. Don’t be afraid to step out. Don’t be afraid to fall.” 可知，从本文我们学到了：如果你努力，失败并没有那么可怕。故选C。
34．C    35．D    36．B    37．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一天在火车站晕倒，被一个陌生的男人帮助的经历。
34．细节理解题。根据“That happened because I was too tired. I was busy cleaning my new house and I ate little last weekend.”可知，作者非常劳累，而且吃得东西很少，所以导致晕倒。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据“He stayed with me until the ambulance(救护车) arrived.”可知，作者乘救护车去医院，D项“从医院来的车”符合。故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据“The doctor told me that a kind man saw me fall down. He got to me right away, and told others to call 120.”可知，作者晕倒后，那个男人帮助救护作者。故选B。
37．词句猜测题。根据“If I meet with such a man, I will do the same as he did to me. And I’ll pass on the kindness to others.”可知，作者晕倒后男人帮助了她，如果作者遇到需要帮助的人，也会和男人一样帮助他人，传递友善。划线部分指代“需要帮助的人”。故选C。
38．C    39．C    40．A    41．D

【导语】本文介绍加布里埃尔生来没有脚，但这并没有阻碍他想成为足球运动员的梦想。
38．细节理解题。根据“Gabriel, a boy from Brazil (巴西), was born without feet.”可知，人们这么想是因为他生来就没有脚。故选C。
39．词义猜测题。根据“He learns to play soccer from Messi (梅西) on TV and then practices again and again.”他在电视上向梅西学习踢足球，然后反复练习。可推知此处意为他尽自己最大的努力“模仿”梅西踢球。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据“He learns to play soccer from Messi (梅西) on TV and then practices again and again.”可知，他在电视上向梅西学习踢足球，然后反复练习。文中只提及他苦练球技。但是未提及他是不是巴西一名伟大的运动员。故选A。
41．主旨大意题。根据“Last year, Messi knew his story and asked him to come to his team in Argentina (阿根廷). He could show his soccer skills to others.”及短文内容可知，我们可以从加布里埃尔的故事中学到，上帝会帮助那些自助的人。故选D。
42．B    43．D    44．C

【导语】本文是一篇健康环保类阅读，文章主要讲了北极熊的一些介绍以及北极熊变少的原因，并呼吁大家要拯救北极熊。
42．细节理解题。根据“ This is happening because of global warming. Besides, they also have to face pollution, hunting and so on.”可知，因为全球变暖，此外他们还必须面对污染、狩猎等。故选B。
43．推理判断题。根据“During summer, polar bears sleep longer, because they are able to find their food more easily at night.”可知，在夏天，北极熊睡得更久，因为它们在晚上更容易找到食物。由此推知，在夏天的白天，北极熊很难找到食物。故选D。
44．主旨大意题。本文主要讲了北极熊的一些介绍以及北极熊变少的原因，并呼吁大家要拯救北极熊。故选C。
45．A    46．B    47．C    48．A    49．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了北京冬奥会和冬残奥会的吉祥物——冰墩墩和雪容融。
45．细节理解题。根据“The 24th Beijing Winter Olympics (冬奥会) will begin on 4th February, 2022. The Winter Paralympics (残奥会) will begin a month later.”可知，第24届北京冬奥会将于2022年2月4日开幕，残奥会在一个月后开始，也就是3月4日。故选A。
46．细节理解题。根据“I’m Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩).”和“I look like an astronaut (宇航员)”可知，冰墩墩看起来像一个宇航员。故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据“The red heart shape in my left palm (手心) means welcoming the friends from other countries.”可知，红心在冰墩墩的左手掌上。故选C。
48．词义猜测题。根据“The bright colors of the circles around my face stand for ice and snow sport tracks (轨迹), meaning connectivity and advanced technologies.”可知，我脸上鲜艳的圆圈代表冰雪运动轨道，意味着互联互通和先进技术。“stand for”表示“代表”。故选A。
49．主旨大意题。根据“Let’s meet the mascots (吉祥物)!”和全文可知，本文主要介绍了北京冬奥会和冬残奥会的吉祥物。故选C。
50．A    51．C    52．C    53．D

【导语】本文介绍了纳什维尔这个城市，是一个兼具音乐特色和美食的城市，最后一段邀请大家去这个城市。
50．细节理解题。根据“Nashville is a city in Tennessee, the United States.”可知，这篇文章主要告诉我们一些关于一座美国城市的事情。故选A。
51．篇章结构题。第一段提出了纳什维尔这个城市；第二段介绍了纳什维尔这个城市的人口、城市建立的时间及城市性质；三、四、五三段具体介绍了纳什维尔这个城市；最后一段是总结，因此选项C符合语篇结构。故选C。
52．推理判断题。根据“Nashville is also a great place to eat nice food. Barbecue is a favourite there. Chicken, ribs, turkey, pork, and beef—Nashville barbecue has something for every taste. Be careful not to eat too much!”可知，此处介绍了纳什维尔的美食，如果一个人流口水，他一定想吃一些东西。故选C。
53．推理判断题。根据“You can enjoy both of them in the same place—Nashville.”及下文的介绍可知，本文介绍了纳什维尔这个城市，是一个兼具音乐特色和美食的城市，最后一段也邀请大家去这个城市。故这篇文章最有可能出现在旅游板块。故选D。
54．D    55．B    56．B    57．C

【导语】本文主要讲述了恐龙灭绝的原因。
54．细节理解题。根据“We can make a guess. New kinds of animals came to the earth. Some had big brains and were fast and strong. They could kill dinosaurs. Some ate dinosaur eggs, too.”可知，新的动物来到地球，杀死了恐龙这一观点只是做出的猜想，并不确定。故选D。
55．推理判断题。根据“When parts of the earth became cold and it seldom rained, the forests there died. Then dinosaurs could not find enough food to eat.”可知，此处是说恐龙灭绝的原因之一，选项B“这一定是恐龙灭绝的原因之一。”符合语境。故选B。
56．推理判断题。根据“Scientists are trying to tell us more about dinosaurs.”可知，科学家们正在试图的研究恐龙。故选B。
57．主旨大意题。根据“Later on, there weren’t any dinosaurs. What happened to them?”及全文内容可知，本文主要是讲恐龙灭绝的原因，因此最佳标题为“恐龙为什么灭绝”。故选C。
58．D    59．B    60．B    61．A    62．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们每个人的手上都住着与众不同的微生物，而利用这种独特性，这些微生物有望成为人们抓住罪犯的帮手。
58．细节理解题。根据“According to a report, microbes may be used to identify the criminal, just like fingerprints”可知人们手上的微生物可以像指纹一样被用于识别罪犯，故选D。
59．细节理解题。根据“Everyone has his own set of microbes on hands.”可知每个人的手上有自己的，与众不同的微生物，故选B。
60．细节理解题。根据“When you work on a computer, you leave the microbes on the keyboard”可知当玩电脑时，我们手上的微生物会被留在键盘上，故选B。
61．细节理解题。根据“A fingerprint can be cleaned, but microbes can’t.”可知指纹能被清理掉，而微生物不能，故选A。
62．标题归纳题。根据文章可知作者阐述了因为每个人手上的微生物不同，所以手上的微生物可以帮助识别罪犯，故选C。
63．B    64．A    65．B    66．C    67．A

【导语】本文对害羞内向的人想要变得勇敢提出了一些有用的建议。
63．细节理解题。根据“You can make it.…Try to smile more.…Learn to be a good talker.…Get your attention elsewhere.…Don’t waste time worrying about your look or whether people like you or not.”可知，作者一共提出了五条建议。故选B。
64．词句猜测题。根据“Tell people you are shy.…When they get to know you are a shy kid, they will understand you better.”可知，谈话时主动告诉对方自己是内向的，这样对方会更理解你，你在谈话过程中就会变得更自在。所以划线部分意为“自在”。故选A。
65．细节理解题。根据“If you find it hard to start a conversation, say something nice about people around you.”可知，如果你发现开始一段对话很困难，你可以对你周边的人说一些动听的话。故选B。
66．细节理解题。根据“Keep trying and one day you’ll never feel shy when you talk to others.”可知，只要继续尝试以上建议，有一天当你和别人说话时，你不会感到害羞。故选C。
67．最佳标题题。根据“If you think you are too shy and want to be a little bit braver, just try the following things:”及全文可知，本文主要就“如何在谈话时克服害羞”提出了几点建议，所以“How to Overcome(克服) Shyness.”可作为文章标题。故选A。
68．B    69．D    70．C    71．B    72．A

【导语】本文主要讲述了为什么一些父母总是为孩子担心的问题，并就此给广大青少年提出了如何善待自己父母的建议。
68．细节理解题。根据“I don’t like my parents. They always tell me I should do this and should do that. It sometimes makes me angry.”可知张华的问题是她有时对她的父母很生气，故选B。
69．细节理解题。根据“One of the most important reasons is that when someone becomes a parent, he/she likes worrying about things. ”可知父母在孩子眼中似乎不友好，是因为他们担心孩子。故选D。
70．细节理解题。根据“They want you to grow up healthily and happily.”可知父母希望孩子健康快乐成长，故选C。
71．细节理解题。根据“Call them if you stay somewhere else so that your parents won’t call everybody in the phone book looking for you. ”可知如果你不告诉父母你在哪里，他们会给电话簿上的所有人打电话。故选B。
72．推理判断题。根据“Most of all, try to think about why your parents do this or do that. They are still practicing being parents and need help from you. Some day, when you become a parent, they may be able to tell you how to get on with your children.”（最重要的是，试着想想你的父母为什么这样或那样做。他们仍在练习做父母，需要你的帮助。有朝一日，当你成为父母时，他们可能会告诉你如何与孩子相处。）可知理解父母很重要，故选A。
73．D    74．C    75．B    76．B

【导语】本文主要介绍了赞同和反对“把人类送入太空”的观点。
73．推理判断题。根据文中“Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks it is a right thing for the countries to do so. Humans should move to other planets and build new homes there. He wants to start with Mars.和Elon Musk, the founder and CEO of Space X, a company（公司）that builds rockets, also believes we should send humans to Mars.”可推理出，Both Robert Zubrin和 Elon Musk可能都同意有必要将人类送往火星等其他星球。故选D。
74．细节理解题。根据第五段“Many people say it’ too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People who have such a long way to travel could face many health problems. What’ more, these first people would find life terribly difficult in space. On the moon’s surface（表面）, for example, the sun’s rays（光线）are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time.”可知，从第5段我们知道有几个理由不把人类送入太空。故选C。
75．篇章结构题。通读短文可知，第一段通过引用科学家Stephen Hawking的话提出问题；第二段是各国的准备进入太空，第三和四段是专家对“人类进入太空”的赞成；第五段是对“人类进入太空”的反对；第六段是归纳总结。故文章的篇章结构可能是如B图所示。故选B。
76．词句猜测题。根据前句Once we step into space,“一旦我们进入太空”可猜测出，后句应是我们的（即人类的）的未来应是安全的。故“our”的意思应是“人类的”是正确的。故选B。
77．D    78．B    79．B    80．B

【导语】本文主要讲述了如何成为一个健康的孩子。文章给出了五条规则，例如：吃不同食物，多喝水和牛奶，听从身体的需要，限制坐在电视前的时间，每天要积极运动等。
77．细节理解题。根据“Eat different food, especially fruit and vegetables.”可知，你应该吃不同的食物，尤其是水果和蔬菜。故选D。
78．细节理解题。根据“Milk is a great drink that can give you more calcium (钙) your body needs to grow strong bones.”可知，牛奶是一种可以给你提供更多钙的好饮料。故选B。
79．细节理解题。根据“Eat different food, especially fruit and vegetables. Drink water and milk as often as possible. Listen to your body. Limit screen time. Be active.”可知，这篇文章一共给我们讲了五条规则。故选B。
80．细节推测题。根据“You can’t watch TV for more than two hours a day.”可知，看电视不能一天超过两个小时，也就是说少于两个小时。故选B。
81．D    82．A    83．B    84．C    85．B

【导语】本文介绍了结交新朋友的四个步骤。
81．细节理解题。根据“Step (步骤) 1…Step 2:…Step 3:…Step 4: ”可知，文章介绍了四个结交新朋友的步骤。故选D。
82．词句猜测题。根据“Decide what kind of people you want to play with.”可知，交朋友时要先决定自己想要结交什么样的朋友，要明智地选择，划线部分单词意为“明智地”，可用cleverly“聪明地”替换。故选A。
83．词句猜测题。根据“If you like a person’s shoes or think a girl is good at basketball, just say so.”可知，如果喜欢一个人的鞋子，或者认为一个女孩擅长篮球，就去称赞他们，人们都喜欢称赞，故划线部分单词意为“称赞”。故选B。
84．细节理解题。根据“Smile and say something nice to the person you want to be your friend.”可知，当和某人交朋友时，应该对他们微笑或者称赞他们。故选C。
85．主旨大意题。根据“Step (步骤) 1…Step 2:…Step 3:…Step 4:”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了结交新朋友的步骤。故选B。