天津市河西区2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期中试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份天津市河西区2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期中试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高一英语(一)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分15分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有大小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now?
A. About 5:30. B. About 5:45. C. About 6:00.
2. Where does this conversation take place?
A. At home. B. On the phone. C. In the street.
3. What will the man do with the watch?
A. He will keep it. B. He will sell it. C. He will send it to the woman.
4. Where does the woman want to go?
A. The Science Museum. B. The Art Museum. C. The bus stop.
5. What can we learn about the man’s aunt?
A. She is old and alone. B. Her right leg is broken. C. She had a traffic accident.
第二节
听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，各小题将给出5秒钟做答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. Which place did the woman fail to visit?
A. The Summer Palace. B. The Temple of Heaven. C. The Great Wall.
7. What did the woman do after doing some shopping?
A. She went to the airport. B. She went to buy books. C. She visited a university.
8. What does the woman think of the traffic in Beijing?
A. It’s crowded. B. It’s quick. C. It’s safe.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A In a park. B. At a restaurant. C. In an office.
10. What is the woman probably?
A. She is working for IBM. B. She is a teacher at Harvard. C. She is a student at Harvard.
11. What is the weather like today?
A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Rainy.
听第8段材料，回答第12至15题。
12. When was Mike absent from the camp?
A. At the beginning of the third week. B. On the second day of the third week. C. One day in the fourth week.
13. Why was Mike absent from the camp?
A. He was ill. B. He felt lonely. C. He missed his parents.
14. Why did some of the kids have a guilty look on their faces?
A. Because they laughed at Mike.
B. Because they knew they hadn’t made Mike feel welcome.
C. Because they played a trick on Mike.
15. How did other children treat Mike when he came back?
A. They were all silent. B. They welcomed him. C. They sang loudly.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Will you go swimming with us this weekend?
—______. I may go to visit my grandpa in the countryside.
A. With pleasure B. Not really C. Good luck D. It depends
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——这个周末你和我们一起去游泳吗？——看情况。我可能会去乡下看我爷爷。A. With pleasure很乐意；B. Not really不见得；C. Good luck祝你好运；D. It depends看情况。根据下句“I may go to visit my grandpa in the countryside.”可知，此处是不确定，D项“看情况”符合题意，故选D。
2. —Who’s singing in the next room? Is it Lucy?
—It ______ be her. She has gone to New York.
A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——谁在隔壁房间唱歌？这是露西吗？——不可能是她。她去纽约了。A. can’t 不可能；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. mustn’t不允许，不准；D.won’t不会，将不。根据后句“She has gone to New York.”可知，唱歌的人“不可能”是露西，此处考查查情态动词表示否定推测，应用can’t。故选A项。
3. I know Mr. Brown. We ______ to each other at an international conference last year.
A. are introduced B. have introduced
C. were introduced D. had been introduced
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：我认识Brown先生。我们是在去年的一次国际会议上被介绍认识的。主语We和动词introduce之间是被动关系，再由时间状语“last year”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
4. I don’t want to give the ______ that I’m running away from the punishment.
A. description B. impression C. expression D. performance
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不想给人留下我在逃避惩罚的印象。A. description描述；B. impression印象；C. expression表达；D. performance表演。根据句意和空格后that从句的内容可知，我不想给人留下一种印象——我在逃避惩罚。故选B项。
5. On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door ______ butterflies in my stomach.
A. with B. by C. from D. on
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：在我上一年级的第一天，我站在门边，心里忐忑不安。A.with 和……在一起；具有；用；B.by通过；C.from来自；D.on在...上面。此处考查with的复合结构：“with+宾语+宾补”的结构，故选A。
6. The old man from Australia was very happy when he was able to make himself ______ in his broken Chinese.
A. understand B. to understand C. understanding D. understood
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当从澳大利亚来的老人用只言片语的汉语让别人明白他自己时，他很高兴。make +宾语+宾语补足语，himself和understand是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补，表示被动。故选D。
7. His face seems ______ to me, but I cannot remember where I have seen him.
A. familiar B. similar C. ordinary D. unique
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的面孔我似乎很熟悉，但我想不起在哪儿见过他。A. familiar熟悉的；B. similar类似的；C. ordinary普通的；D. unique独特的。根据下句的转折“but I cannot remember where I have soon him”可知，此处指他的脸看起来很熟悉，但是想不起在哪里见过，故选A。
8. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others ______ also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world.
A. which B. what C. who D. whose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：无论我们的爱好是什么，互联网都可以将我们与那些喜欢做这些事的人联系起来，即使他们生活在世界的另一端。A. which哪一个；B. what什么；C. who谁；D. whose谁的。 设空处引导定语从句且在句中作主语，先行词为others，指人，可选择关系代词who。 故选C。
9. He doesn’t know who to ______ for advice when he has problems.
A. turn up B. turn to C. turn out D. turn down
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他遇到问题时不知道向谁寻求建议。A. turn up调高，出现；B. turn to求助于，向……求助；C. turn out出现，结果是；D. turn down调低，拒绝。根据“when he has problems”可知，此处指“不知道该向谁寻求建议”，turn to sb for advice向……寻求建议。故选B。
10. ______ out of the window, he saw some children reading under the tree.
A. Looking B. To look C. Looked D. Having looked
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他向窗外望去，看到一些孩子在树下看书。分析句子结构可知，该空处应该填非谓语动词作状语，look与句子主语he之间为主动关系，且该动作look与谓语动词saw同时进行，用现在分词一般式。故选A项。
11. Kate, you’ve had your hair cut! I didn’t ______ you.
A. reflect B. respect C. recover D. recognize
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kate，你剪头发了！我刚刚没认出是你。A. reflect反映；B. respect尊重；C. recover恢复，痊愈；D. recognize认出，识别。结合“Kate, you’ve had your hair cut!”可知，此处指剪了头发后没认出来，recognize符合题意。故选D。
12. Washing hands ______ is one of the best ways to avoid getting disease.
A. regularly B. actually C. eventually D. obviously
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：勤洗手是避免得病的最好方法之一。A. regularly定期地，经常；B. actually事实上，实际上；C. eventually最后；D. obviously明显地。结合句意可知，此处指“经常洗手”，用副词frequently。故填A。
13. On social media sites, people tend ______ only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
A. post B. to post C. posting D. posted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在社交媒体网站上，人们倾向于只发布积极的更新，让自己看起来快乐和友好。固定搭配tend to do sth“倾向于做某事，往往会做某事”。故选B。
14. The boy enjoyed himself so much ______ he visited his grandparents in the countryside in summer vacation.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句的连接词。句意：这个男孩在暑假去乡下看望爷爷奶奶时玩得很开心。A. that（无意义）；B. which哪一个； C. when当……；D. where何处。结合句意此处应用when“在……时候”引导时间状语从句。故选C项。
15. —Dad, I’ve finished my homework.
—Good, and ______ you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me.
A. when B. where C. whether D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：——爸爸，我已经完成作业了。——很好，不管你玩还是看电视，你都不可以打扰我。A. when何时；B.where哪里；C. whether是否；D. what什么。whether...or...是……还是……，引导让步状语从句。故选C。
第二节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~45各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I walked to the park after school and sat under a tree. I pulled my sketchbook(素描册) and colored pencils ____16____ my school bag and looked around for ideas. I turned my ____17____ to the girls who were playing nearby and began sketching. ____18____ I had drawn the outline(轮廓) of the girls, a shadow fell across my sketchbook. The shadow was a boy, ____19____ was surveying my drawing over my shoulder. I was embarrassed and ____20____ my sketchbook.
“No offence(冒犯),” the boy laughed, pulling his sketchbook out of his school bag and ____21____ it to me. “Want to look at my drawings?” ____22____, I exchanged my sketchbook with his. I was really ____23____ with his drawings of nature. Trees, leaves, rocks and rivers were done with great details. “You are so ____24____!” I said, “What’s your name?” “Kenyi Thompson. My family just moved here.” He replied. Kenyi sat down next to me. While looking at my drawings, Kenyi said, “You are also talented. I really ____25____ with drawing people, but you make it look easy.” “I have a great idea!” I declared. “Let’s make drawings together! You can draw ____26____ on one sheet of paper while I draw the people on another. Then we’ll ____27____ and finish each other’s drawings. That way, ____28____ drawings would display our talents.”
About an hour later, we ____29____ our drawings. Our drawings combined our talents with a new ____30____, which I believe would last forever.
16. A. on B. by C. from D. with
17. A. attention B. stomach C. wheel D. bag
18. A. Although B. If C. Since D. After
19. A. which B. who C. that D. whom
20. A. designed B. printed C. tore D. closed
21. A. handing B. sending C. returning D. posting
22. A. Out of curiosity B. Out of control C. Out of order D. Out of breath
23. A. angry B. busy C. disappointed D. impressed
24. A. embarrassed B. delighted C. talented D. educated
25. A. struggle B. work C. start D. meet
26. A. girls B. people C. boys D. nature
27. A. search B. exchange C. imagine D. destroy
28. A. all B. both C. none D. neither
29. A. began B. made C. finished D. sold
30. A. friendship B. challenge C. behavior D. position
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者放学后在树下画画，遇到了另一个爱好画画的男孩Kenyi Thompson，他们各有所长，约定一起画画，展示两人的天赋，从而也成为了朋友。
【16题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我从书包里拿出素描册和彩色铅笔，四处寻找灵感。A. on在……上面；B. by通过；C. from从，来自；D. with和……一起，具有。根据空后的“my school bag”可知，应是从书包里拿出素描册和彩色铅笔。故选C。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把注意力转向在附近玩耍的女孩们，开始画草图。A. attention注意力；B. stomach胃，腹部；C. wheel轮子；D. bag包。根据“began sketching”可知，是注意力集中在女孩身上，然后开始画她们。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在我画出女孩们的轮廓后，我的素描册上出现了一个影子。A. Although尽管；B. If如果；C. Since自从； D. After在……以后。上文“began sketching”提到作者开始作画，结合下一句中“surveying my drawing(打量我的画)”可知，作此处指作者画完女孩们的轮廓后，故选D。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：影子是一个男孩，他正越过我的肩膀打量着我的画。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是boy，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很尴尬，合上了我的素描册。A. designed设计；B. printed打印；C. tore撕碎；D. closed关闭。结合语境及“I was embarrassed”可知，作者感觉尴尬，合上了素描册。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“无意冒犯，”男孩笑着从书包里掏出素描册递给我。A. handing交，递；B. sending发送，邮寄；C. returning返回，归还；D. posting邮寄，张贴。根据下文男孩说的话“Want to look at my drawings?(想看我的画吗？)”可知，男孩把他的画册递过来。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：出于好奇心，我把我的素描册和他的交换。A. Out of curiosity出于好奇心；B. Out of control失去控制；C. Out of order出故障，不整洁；D. Out of breath上气不接下气。上文提到男孩问作者想不想看他的画，结合“I exchanged my sketchbook with his.”可知，作者出于好奇心和男孩交换了画，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的自然画给我留下了深刻的印象。A. angry生气的；B. busy忙碌的；C. disappointed失望的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据下文“Trees, leaves, rocks and rivers were done with great details.(树木、树叶、岩石和河流都画得非常细致)”对画的描述可知，作者对男孩的画印象深刻。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你真有天赋，”我说。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. delighted高兴的；C. talented有天赋的；D. educated有教养的。根据下文“You are also talented(你也有天赋)”中的关键词also可知，作者夸赞男孩有天赋。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很不擅长画人，但你让它看起来很容易。A. struggle奋斗，艰难行进；B. work工作；C. start开始；D. meet遇见。此处与下一个分句“but you make it look easy(但是你让它看起来很容易)”之间是转折关系，故此处是男孩说画人物对他来说不容易，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以在一张纸上画自然，而我在另一张纸上画人物。A. girls女孩；B. people人们；C. boys男孩；D. nature自然。根据上文“ with his drawings of nature”及空后“while I draw the people on another”可知，男孩擅长画自然，作者让男孩画自然，自己画人物，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们交换并完成彼此的画。A. search搜寻；B. exchange交换；C. imagine想象；D. destroy毁灭。根据“finish each other’s drawings”可知，两人交换，完成对方的画，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：这样，两幅画都能展示我们的才华。A. all（三者及三者以上的）全部；B. both两者都；C. none没有一个；D. neither两者都不。根据上文内容可知，作者画一幅，男孩画一幅，然后交换完成彼此的画，所以是两张画都展示了他们的才华，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，我们完成了我们的画作。A. began开始；B. made制作；C. finished完成；D. sold售卖。根据空前“About an hour later”及下文“Our drawings combined our talents...”可知，大约一个小时后两人完成了画作，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的绘画结合了我们的才华和新的友谊，我相信这种友谊会持续到永远。A. friendship友谊；B. challenge挑战；C. behavior行为；D. position位置，姿势。结合“which I believe would last forever”可知，作者和男孩因一起画画应是成为了朋友，故选A。
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.
War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.
The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, sobbing.
Obviously, that was something she should not go through phone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t noticed Kate had sat up.
She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.”
Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, clearning up and holding on.
31. What made Kate angry one evening?
A. She couldn’t find her books.
B. She heard the author shouting loud.
C. She got the news that her grandma was ill.
D. She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed.
32. The author tidied up the room most probably because ______.
A. she was scared by Kate’s anger B. she hated herself for being so messy
C. she wanted to show her care D. she was asked by Kate to do so
33. How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?
A. By analyzing causes. B. By showing differences.
C. By describing a process. D. By following time order.
34. Which word can replace the underlined word “sobbing” in the third paragraph?
A. laughing B. crying C. talking D. moving
35. What might be the best title for the story?
A. My Friend Kate B. Hard Work Pays Off
C. How to Be Organized D. Learning to Be Roommates
【答案】31. D 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者与室友生活习惯迥异，冲突在所难免。在室友因奶奶病重感到悲痛之时，作者以实际行动表达自己的同情，从而两个人和好了。作者从中懂得一个道理：让步、整理房间和坚持是处理室友关系的关键。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Soon, I heard her screaming, ‘Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!’(很快，我听到她尖叫：‘把你的鞋拿走！为什么在我的床下！’)”可知，Kate很生气是因为作者把鞋放到了她的床下。故选D项。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的句子“All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t noticed Kate had sat up.(突然，一股温暖的同情之情涌上我的心头。慢慢地，我收起铅笔，收回书本，整理床铺，把袜子清走，扫地，甚至打扫了她的那边。 我太投入工作了，甚至没有注意到凯特已经坐起来了)”可以推出，作者收拾房间主要是为了表示她对Kate的关心。故选C项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段句子“I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier.(我从来不是很整洁的人，而我的室友凯特却非常有条理。 她的东西各有各的位置，而我的东西总是藏在某个地方。她甚至给每样东西都贴标签。 我总是寻找一切。随着时间的推移，凯特变得更整洁，而我变得更混乱)”可知，作者是通过讲述她和Kate的不同来展开第一段的内容的。故选B项。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上一句话“From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill.(从她最后的谈话中，我马上就知道她奶奶病得很重)”和划线词前面的内容“When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers（挂断电话后，她很快就钻进被窝里）”可知，在得知奶奶病重后，Kate肯定是钻进被窝里哭了。故划线词意为“哭泣”。故选B项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。作者通过生活中的经历悟出了和室友相处的关键：让步、整理房间和坚持下去。所以用D项“Learning to Be Roommates(学会做室友)”作为本文的题目与文章内容相符。故选D项。
B
In choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend?
In my opinion, understanding is the most important quality in choosing a good friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener.
At the same time however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults in others. He notices their good points. In short, a friend will try to understand me and accept me.
Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me.
There is a fourth quality that makes friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experiences and learn from each other. A good friend has a sense of humor, too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.
When I meet someone that is reliable, honest, and understanding, I know I’ve found a good friend.
36. In the opinion of the writer, what is the most important in choosing a good friend?
A. A sense of humor. B. Sharing experiences.
C. A good listener. D. Understanding.
37. If you have fair-weather friends, ______.
A. you will be refused when you get into trouble.
B. they will give you all that they have when you need help
C. you will become rich
D. you can be sure that you get real friends
38. Good friends need to ______.
A. have money or luck B. understand each other’s feeling
C. be helped with money D. always point out each other’s mistakes
39. The passage is mainly about ______.
A. how to get along with friends B. where to choose friends
C. the qualities of friends D. the importance of having a friend
40. The underlined word “reliability” means someone that you will ______.
A. rely on B. call on C. go on D. hold on
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好朋友应该具备的四个优良品质。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In my opinion, understanding is the most important quality in choosing a good friend. (在我看来，理解是选择好朋友最重要的品质。)”可知，在作者看来，选择好朋友最重要的是理解。故选D项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. (有时你会遇到酒肉朋友。只要你有钱或有运气，他们就会和你在一起，但当你失意时，他们就会跑掉。)”可知，如果你遇到的是酒肉朋友，当你陷入困境求助时，你会遭到拒绝。故选A项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. (好朋友会努力去理解另一个人的感受。)”可知，好朋友需要理解对方的感受。故选B项。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据倒数第二段中“There is a fourth quality that makes friend special. (有第四种品质使朋友不同寻常。)”以及最后一段中“When I meet someone that is reliable, honest, and understanding, I know I’ve found a good friend. (当我遇到一个可靠，诚实，善解人意的人，我知道我找到了一个好朋友。)”可知，本文主要介绍了好朋友的四个优良品质，所以本文是关于朋友的品质的。故选C项。
【40题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句后文“I can always depend on a good friend. (我总能依靠一个好朋友。)”说明好朋友是可以依赖的，是可靠的，从而推知划线词句“Another quality of a friend is reliability. (朋友的另一个品质是reliability)”其中划线词汇意思应为“可靠”，选项A“依赖”与之意义最为接近。故选A项。
C
The English language is changing, and you are responsible! Whether we consider changes in grammar, spelling, pronunciation, or the very vocabulary of the language, you have played your part and continue to do so.
When we first learned basic grammar and spelling, perhaps in elementary school, we might have gotten the impression that these things were sacred (神圣的). The rules that apply to such things might have been presented as unchanging and unchangeable. While this way might be helpful for teaching children, it is far from accurate.
The English language, like many others, is a living, growing, ever-evolving (演变) thing. Like it or not, you are involved in this change. These changes take many forms. Grammar and spelling have changed greatly over the years and centuries, with the spelling differences in different countries today a reflection of this. While the language of a thousand years ago might be called English, most of us would hardly recognize it today as the same language.
The first involves changes in the pronunciation of words. Many are familiar with the differences between the British and American ways of pronouncing certain words. In addition to these differences, the pronunciation of many words has changed over the years because of how you have decided to pronounce them. For example, consider the word “err.” The traditional pronunciation of this word rhymes with the word “her.” Older dictionaries show this to be the primary or only pronunciation. However, in recent years, more and more people have been pronouncing it so that it sounds like “air.” Another change in the language involves the addition and removal of words. The makers of dictionaries decide which words deserve to be officially adopted as part of the English language. Through the centuries, many words have come from other languages. In fact, English has probably done this more than any other language in the world, which is why spelling and pronunciation rules for English have so many exceptions.
Of course, many slang words (俚语) have been just short-lived fashions that have died out quickly. Others, though, have been adopted by main stream society and become respectable, as have many technical terms. So then remember, the next time you repeat the newest expression to hit the street, or make up your own words, you may be contributing to the future of the English language.
41. When we begin to learn English, we think ______.
A. it is interesting to pick up a new language
B. English rules are wrongly presented in fact
C. grammar and speiling rules are unchangeable
D. only adults have the ability to affect a language
42. The underlined word “accurate” in Paragraph 2 means ______ in every detail.
A. correct B. wrong C. different D. similar
43. From paragraph 3 we can know that ______.
A. we can change the English language
B. many languages are changing over years
C. English has changed little in the past 1,000 years
D. there were main changes in grammar and pronunciation
44. Why is the pronunciation of words changing?
A. Because people choose the way to pronounce them.
B. Because those words are too difficult to pronounce.
C. Because the spellings of words change.
D. Because technology develops greatly in modern society.
45. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Foreign words involved in English. B. Slang words reshape the English world.
C. English language is changeable. D. British speaks differently from Americans.
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语这一语言一直在变化，而在这个变化中，我们每个人都起着作用，无论从语法、拼写、发音或语言词汇的变化，而且我们并将继续这样做。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“When we first learned basic grammar and spelling, perhaps in elementary school, we might have gotten the impression that these things were sacred(神圣的). The rules that apply to such things might have been presented as unchanging and unchangeable.(当我们第一次学习基本的语法和拼写时，也许是在小学，我们可能会有这样的印象，这些东西是神圣的。适用于这些事情的规则可能被描述为不变的和不可改变的)”可知，当我们开始学习英语时，我们认为语法和拼写规则是不可改变的。故选C。
【42题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前一句“The rules that apply to such things might have been presented as unchanging and unchangeable.”（适用于这些事情的规则可能被描述为不变的和不可改变的。）可知，语法和拼写的规则是不变的，不可改变的。划线词所在句“While this way might be helpful for teaching children, it is far from accurate.”（虽然这种方法可能有助于教育孩子，但它远远不够accurate。）可知，学习语法和拼写的规则的方法可能有助于教育孩子，但是远远不够。即这个方法在每个细节上并非是正确的。可推知，划线词此处的含义为“准确，正确”，故选A。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“The English language, like many others, is a living, growing, ever-evolving(演变) thing. Like it or not, you are involved(参与) in this change. These changes take many forms. Grammar and spelling have changed greatly over the years and centuries, with the spelling differences in different countries today a reflection of this.(英语和其他许多语言一样，是一种活的、成长的、不断进化的语言。不管你喜不喜欢，你都参与了这个变化。这些变化有多种形式。几个世纪以来，语法和拼写发生了巨大的变化，今天不同国家的拼写差异反映了这一点)”可知，许多语言多年来都在变化。故选B。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“In addition to these differences, the pronunciation of many words has changed over the years because of how you have decided to pronounce them.(除了这些差异之外，许多单词的发音多年来也因为你决定如何发音而发生了变化)”可知，人们选择的发音的方式不同导致了单词发音不同。故选A。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The English language is changing, and you are responsible!(英语正在发生变化，你要负责)”以及下文内容可知，英语正在发生改变，你也有责任！结合文章主要说明了英语正在发生改变，且每个人都参与其中。指出英语和其他许多语言一样，是一种活的、成长的、不断进化的语言。不管你喜不喜欢，你都参与了这个变化。同时分析了英语发生变化的原因。由此可知，C选项“英语语言是可改变的”最符合文章标题。故选C。
非选择题(满分25分)
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分25分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Are you aged between 14 and 19 years old? Do you care about your local environment? Would you like to help make the area you live in better, cleaner, safer and friendlier? If your answers are ‘yes’, ‘yes’ and ‘yes’, then read on! A local organization is carrying out a project, giving money to groups of teenagers who want to become active citizens. Here are a few easy things you could do to get started.
Meeting the neighbors. Everybody needs good neighbors. Knock on people’s doors and find out what they would like to improve in your area. Set a date for a meeting and then make some plans together. If you don’t want to go round to their houses, then you could always put a note through their doors.
Neighborhood watch. It is very popular in the UK. If you go away on holiday and leave your house, it’s very nice to know that a neighbor is keeping an eye on it. It’s a good way to make the area you live in safer.
Lending a hand. There are often elderly people living in the neighborhood who may not be able to do the things that you can. Offer to do their shopping once a week, look after their gardens for them or maybe walk their dogs!
No littering. Nobody likes picking up other people’s rubbish, but a clean street can make all the difference. Go out once or twice a week and see what you can find. You never know, one day you might find something valuable!
Just tell us what you want to do. Then we’ll send you more information.
46. What is the aim of the project? (no more than 15 words)
________________________________________________
47. Who is asked to take part in the project? (no more than 15 words)
________________________________________________
48. What does the underlined words “lending a hand” mean in English? (no more than 6 words)
________________________________________________
49. How often are the teenagers advised to get around and pick up rubbish? (no more than 5 words)
________________________________________________
50. What will you do if you become a member of the project? Why? (no more than 25 words)
________________________________________________
【答案】46. To make the area people live in better, cleaner, safer and friendlier.
47. Teenagers from 14 to 19.
48. Helping someone who needs help. Or: Offering help.
49. Once or twice a week.
50. I will care for neighbors, watch neighborhood, help others and don’t litter. Because by doing so our community can become better, cleaner, safer and friendlier.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了一个项目，号召青少年关心当地环境，行动起来，让自己生活的地方更美好、更干净、更安全、更友好。
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Do you care about your local environment? Would you like to help make the area you live in better, cleaner, safer and friendlier? (你愿意帮助你生活的地方变得更好、更干净、更安全、更友好吗？)”以及“A local organization is carrying out a project, giving money to groups of teenagers who want to become active citizens. (当地的一个组织正在进行一个项目，向想要成为积极公民的青少年群体提供资金。)”可知，这个项目的目的是为了让人们生活的区域更美好、更干净、更安全、更友好。故答案为To make the area people live in better, cleaner, safer and friendlier.
【47题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Are you aged between 14 and 19 years old? (你的年龄在14到19岁之间吗？)”可知，被要求参加这个项目人是从14到19的青少年。故答案为Teenagers from 14 to 19.
【48题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据划线词语后文“There are often elderly people living in the neighborhood who may not be able to do the things that you can. Offer to do their shopping once a week, look after their gardens for them or maybe walk their dogs! (经常有老年人居住在附近，他们可能不能做你能做事情。每周帮他们买一次东西，帮他们照看花园，或者帮他们遛狗!)”可知，这里讲的是积极主动地为需要帮助的人提供帮助，所以lending a hand的意思是“帮助需要帮助的人或提供帮助”。故答案为Helping someone who needs help. Or: Offering help.
【49题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“Go out once or twice a week and see what you can find. (每周出去一两次，看看你能捡到什么。)”可知，建议青少年每周出去一次或两次捡垃圾。故答案为Once or twice a week.
【50题详解】
考查开放性试题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Do you care about your local environment? Would you like to help make the area you live in better, cleaner, safer and friendlier? (你关心你当地的环境吗？你愿意帮助你生活的地方变得更美好、更干净、更安全、更友好吗？)”以及“Here are a few easy things you could do to get started.(这里有一些你可以开始做的简单的事情。)”可知，本文主要介绍一个项目，号召青少年关心当地环境，行动起来，让自己生活的地方更美好、更干净、更安全、更友好。作为项目中的一员，我们照顾邻居，守望社区，帮助他人，不乱扔垃圾。因为这样做，我们的社区可以变得更美好、更清洁、更安全和更友好。故答案为I will care for neighbors, watch neighborhood, help others and don’t litter. Because by doing so our community can become better, cleaner, safer and friendlier.
第二节：书面表达(满分15分)
51. 在英语课上，老师要求同学们以“How I learn English”为题，交流学习英语的经验和体会。请你根据下面表格中的内容写一篇发言稿。
Methods
Results
learn more words
understand more easily
listen a lot and talk with each other
improve listening and speaking
do a lot of reading
read faster
keep a journal
write in English better
注意：
1.开头已经给出，不计入总词数；短文不少于100词；
2.可结合自己实际适当增补内容。
Dear classmates,
Now, I’d like to share with you how I learn English.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.
【答案】Dear classmates,
Now, I’d like to share with you how I learn English.
First, I try to learn more words, so I can understand the passage more easily. Second, I listen a lot and talk with each other in my free time in order to improve my listening and speaking skills. Third, it is necessary to do a lot of reading, which can make me read faster. Last but not least, I make it a rule to keep a journal every day for the purpose of writing in English better. In a word, only by working hard can we improve our English.
That’s all. Thank you.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“How I learn English”为题写一篇发言稿，交流学习英语的经验和体会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
文章：passage→article
空闲时间：free time→spare time
为了：for the purpose of→with the intention of
总之：in a word→in short
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Second, I listen a lot and talk with each other in my free time in order to improve my listening and speaking skills.
拓展句：Second, I listen a lot and talk with each other in my free time in order that I can improve my listening and speaking skills.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Third, it is necessary to do a lot of reading, which can make me read faster.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】In a word, only by working hard can we improve our English.（运用了倒装句）