2022益阳高一上学期期末考试英语含解析

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益阳市2021年下学期普通高中期末考试
高一英语试题卷
第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. When did Sam leave home?
A. At 7:30. B. At 8:00. C. At 8:10.
2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a car. C. At an airport.
3. What does the man ask Lily to take?
A. An iphone. B. Some juice. C. A power bank.
4. What is the weather probably like now?
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny.
5. What does the man think of the movie?
A. Just so so. B. Fantastic. C. Surprisingly bad
第二节（共15小题：每题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍，听第6段材料，回答第6、7两个小题。
6. How much will the man pay for the seats?
A $2.5. B. $6. C. S10.
7 When does the man plan to see the performance?
A. On January 4th. B. On January 14th. C. On January 24th.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9两个小题。
8 What was wrong with the woman?
A. She was anxious. B. She was ill. C. She was hurt.
9. What’s the result of the football match?
A. The man hurt his knees.
B. The match ended in a tie.
C. The man’s team won the match by 2 to 1.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.
10. What stopped Kate from going to college last year?
A. Her poor grades. B. Her health problem. C. Her lack of money.
11. What does Kate want to major in?
A. Medicine. B. Physics. C. Math.
12. What’s the result of Kate’s interview?
A She’s got accepted. B. She’s been refused. C. It’s not been decided yet.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How did the man’s grandpa feel when first using the smartphone?
A. Nervous. B. Excited. C. Frightened.
14. What does the man’s grandpa especially like using the smartphone for?
A. Reading news. B. Watching videos. C. Chatting with friends.
15. What will the woman do next?
A. Call her mother.
B. Go abroad to sec her mother.
C. Teach her mother how to use the smartphone.
16. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Classmates. C. Doctor and patient.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the librarian lend books to children in exchange for?
A. Money. B. Trash. C. Food.
18. What’s the children’s attitude towards “Trash Library”？
A. Active. B. Uninterested. C. Dissatisfied.
19. How much waste can Raden collect every week?
A. 100kg. B. 6, 000kg. C. 6, 100kg.
20. How do Raden’s co-workers deal with the collected trash?
A. Pile it in their library.
B. Take it to neighboring areas.
C. Have it sorted, recycled or sold.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Inventions change how we live, work, play and think about what’s possible. Every year, TIME magazine lists the 100 best inventions according to their creativity and influence on our lives. What did the magazine choose in 2021? Let's take a look.
Easier to read
Reading can be a big challenge for those who may have poor vision or reading difficulties. But OrCam Read can help them! It’s the first of its kind reading pen with a smart camera and an AI system. After scanning a page of text with the click of a button, it can read the text aloud to the user. You don’t need to connect it to the Internet. You can use it nearly everywhere.
Sweet idea
Honey is produced by bees. But today’s beekeeping business is not good for these hard-working insects. Dee farmers may kill them after harvesting honey because it’s cheaper than feeding the bees through the winter. To save bees, US company McliBio has found a way to make the world’s first bee-free honey. They used synthetic biology to create honey directly from plants. This kind of honey tastes just like the real one, and it is healthy, too.
Keep you calm
When you feel angry or unhappy, what do you do about it7 Scientists say you can try to calm others. This can help you calm down. That’s why Purrble was invented. This furry, bear-like toy has 9 sensors. It has a quick “heartbeat” and can respond to your touch. As you hold and pet it’s its heartbeat slows. And it purrs（发出咕噜声）like a cat. It sounds like it really enjoys your touch!
Through petting Purrble, you will become more aware of your own feelings and learn how to feel calm yourself.
1. How should people with reading difficulties use OrCam Read?
A. Connect it to the Internet. B. Connect it to a small camera.
C. Use it to scan pictures they can’t see. D. Use it to scan the text they need to read.
2. What do we know about the new kind of honey?
A. It is made from real honey.
B. It is not good for human health.
C. It has the same taste as real honey.
D. It helps beekeeping businesses make more money.
3. How can Purrble help calm you?
A. It can help you know your feelings. B. Its sensors can sense your anger.
C. Its purrs can slow your heartbeats. D. It can touch you with its furry hands.
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。发明改变了我们生活、工作、娱乐和思考可能性的方式，主要介绍了三种对人类生活有益的发明。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“After scanning a page of text with the click of a button, it can read the text aloud to the user.（通过点击一个按钮扫描一页文本后，它可以向用户朗读文本）”可知有阅读困难的人应使用 OrCam Read来扫描他们需要阅读的文本。根据故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This kind of honey tastes just like the real one, and it is healthy, too.（这种蜂蜜尝起来和真蜂蜜一样，而且很健康）”可知新型蜂蜜和真正的蜂蜜味道一样。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Through petting Purrble, you will become more aware of your own feelings and learn how to feel calm yourself.（通过抚摸Purrble，你会更加意识到自己的感受，并学会如何让自己平静下来）”可知Purrble可以通过帮助你了解自己的感受而让你冷静下来。故选A。
B
In 2021, Canadian glaciers melted rapidly. In some parts of Asia, month’s worth of rain fell in just a few hours. Europe saw severe flooding, and Madagascar faced a big drought （干旱）. The world is going through a series of weather disasters caused by climate change.
Faced with these serious problems, from Oct 30 to Nov 12, the 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP 26) took place in Glasgow, UK. Global leaders from more than 190 countries came together, reviewing progress on their promises made since the 2015 Paris Agreement, and also discussing new steps to fight the climate crisis.
The main aim of COP 26 was to make sure that previous goals could be reached. They include achieving net zero carbon emissions（碳排放）globally by mid-century and keeping the global temperature increase below 2°C.
Net zero means that a country should take as much climate-changing gases out of the atmosphere as it puts in. China, for example, promised to peak carbon emissions before 2030 and reach net zero before 2060.
To reach these goals all parties need to work together. At COP 26, developed countries agreed to raise S500 billion (about 3.195 trillion yuan) over the next five years to help developing regions with climate change. More than 100 nations reached some agreements, one of which is to stop deforestation and restore the world’s forests by 2030. Brazil has cut down huge amounts of the Amazon rainforest in recent years. The country also backed the deal.
4. What does the writer want to tell us by examples in Paragraph 1?
A. When weather disasters happen.
B. Climate problems are getting worse.
C. Where climate problems are most serious.
D. Climate problems are different in different places.
5. According to the text, what’s the main goal of COP 26?
A. To change the Paris Agreement.
B. To share technology for reaching net zero.
C. To make sure earlier goals will be achieved.
D. To choose a new leader for the organization.
6. What might the writer suggest doing to deal with weather disasters?
A. The developed countries should set more five-year plans.
B. All developing regions should depend on developed countries.
C. All countries should stop making money at the cost of global climate.
D. The world need to make a joint effort to fight against the climate change.
7. Where can we most probably read this article?
A. In a newspaper. B. In a novel. C. In a guidebook. D. In a poster.
【4~7题答案】
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是面对气候变化引起的天气灾害的问题，10月30日至11月12日，第26届联合国气候变化大会(COP 26)在英国格拉斯哥召开。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“In 2021, Canadian glaciers melted rapidly. In some parts of Asia, month’s worth of rain fell in just a few hours. Europe saw severe flooding, and Madagascar faced a big drought （干旱）.（2021年，加拿大冰川迅速融化。在亚洲的一些地区，几个小时的降雨量相当于一个月的降雨量。欧洲遭遇了严重的洪水，马达加斯加遭遇了严重的干旱。）”可知，作者想通过第一段中的例子告诉我们气候问题越来越严重。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The main aim of COP 26 was to make sure that previous goals could be reached.（COP 26的主要目标是确保以前的目标能够实现。）”可知，COP 26的主要目标是确保之前的目标能够实现。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“To reach these goals, all parties need to work together.（为了实现这些目标，各方需要共同努力。）”可知，作者建议世界需要共同努力应对气候变化。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第二段的“Faced with these serious problems, from Oct 30 to Nov 12, the 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP 26) took place in Glasgow, UK.（面对这些严重的问题，10月30日至11月12日，第26届联合国气候变化大会(COP 26)在英国格拉斯哥召开。）”可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是面对气候变化引起的天气灾害的问题，10月30日至11月12日，第26届联合国气候变化大会(COP 26)在英国格拉斯哥召开，因此可能会在报纸上读到这篇文章，故选A。
C
On Nov 8. Wang Yaping, a female taikonaut of Shenzhou XIII mission, became China’s first and the world’s 16th female spacewalker. The expected six-month journey in space has left many people curious about the differences between male and female astronauts, especially in terms of performing extravehicular（舱外的）activities (EVAs). Despite physical challenges, female astronauts have unique advantages.
Mutual understanding between astronauts is very important for carrying out EVAs, which is the basis of excellent communication skills. Women arc superior in communication and language expression, and this helps female astronauts conduct EVAs. Female astronauts’ strong communication skills and energy also help the crew maintain high team spirit throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing.
Men and women are different in body size, which also gives women unique advantages for spacewalks. A different body shape requires a different spacesuit. A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wang’s EVAs, which was lighter than the male version. Designers optimized （优化） this spacesuit to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.
Many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to carrying out space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking from all angles. Besides, men often do well in shorter-term, goal-oriented situations, while women are better in longer-tenn, habitation-type circumstances, according to National Geographic.
Women’s participation in EVAs is a necessary part of space missions, and we are witnessing （见证）history thanks to Wang’s bravery, according to Pang.
8. What can female astronauts’ communication skills help do?
A. Conduct various tasks. B. Do some space research.
C. Keep the crew’s spirits high. D. Rise to physical challenges.
9. Which of the following is an advantage females have over male astronauts?
A. Females can adapt to space more quickly.
B. Female bodies are stronger and more flexible.
C. Females deal with goal-oriented situations better than males.
D. Females pay more attention to details and think comprehensively.
10. What do we know about Wang’s EVAs?
A. She is the first ever female spacewalker.
B. The spacesuit she wore was specially designed.
C. The mission she carried out showed the power of China.
D. She performed some tasks that her male partners couldn’t do.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. The importance of female astronauts.
B. The advantages of females performing EVAs.
C. The preparations for the first female spacewalk.
D. The challenges female astronauts face during a spacewalk.
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了女性宇航员执行太空任务的独特优势。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Female astronauts’ strong communication skills and energy also help the crew maintain high team spirit throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing.”（北京航天研究员庞之浩表示，女性宇航员强大的沟通能力和精力也有助于全体宇航员在逗留期间保持高度的团队精神。）可知，女性宇航员的沟通技巧有助于全体宇航员保持高昂的情绪。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to carrying out space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking from all angles.”（许多研究发现，女性宇航员非常适合执行太空任务，在注重细节和从各个角度思考等素质上比男性宇航员更具优势。）可知，与男性宇航员相比，女性宇航员具备的优势是更加注重细节，可以全面思考。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wang’s EVAs, which was lighter than the male version. Designers optimized this spacesuit to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.”（为王亚平的EVAs准备了一套特制的宇航服，它比男版更轻。设计师们对这套宇航服进行了优化，使其更适合身材苗条的宇航员。）可知，王亚平的宇航服是专门设计的。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Despite physical challenges, female astronauts have unique advantages.”（尽管面临身体上的挑战，女性宇航员仍有独特的优势。）以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了女性宇航员执行太空任务的独特优势。故选B项。
D
Recently, a group of architects from South Korea are planning to design a smart city with all functional areas people need, including living areas, study rooms, offices an entertainment areas-all within a 10-minute walk from each other.
When explaining the aim of the city, Ben van Berkel, co-founder of design company UNStudio told CNN, “We do this to provide more choices for how residents can spend their living, working and leisure time, thereby saving them the time needed to travel elsewhere in the city - because with time that is saved, more time is created.”
The idea of such a city is not new. In 2016, French-Colombian researcher Carlos Moreno put forward the“15-minute city” concept The COVID-19 pandemic has made them more interested in the concept. During the pandemic, many people have been forced to spend most of their time at home, with limited access to much else outside of their immediate community.
Paloma Ezzet, 16, is an example. She said before the pandemic, she liked to play soccer or go dancing. But during the pandemic, she had to give them up as no such entertainment areas were in her community. “It is gloomy, lonely and frustrating,” Ezzet said.
French professor Roxana Bobulescu agrees that the pandemic has broken our routine, making us rethink our lives and what our cities look like. “If our way of life is no longer making sense, perhaps it’s time to consider other possibilities,” he told the website Business Because.
The well-resourced smart city like the “10-minute city” may be one alternative（替代选择）. But not everyone is on board with the idea. Some critics said it would further concentrate wealth in the most accessible and convenient districts.
So with such risk, should people stop considering this concept and give up alternatives altogether? Maybe not. As Bobulescu said, “The seeds are there, and they’ll grow little by little.”
12. What do we know about the“10-minute city”?
A. People can walk through the whole city in 10 minutes.
B It aims to meet people’s daily needs and bring them convenience.
C. It enables people to have more leisure time and less working time.
D. The concept was invented to solve problems caused by COVID-19.
13. Why is Paloma Ezzet mentioned in the text?
A. To explain the necessity of the “10-minute city”.
B. To show the influence COVID-19 has on people.
C. To describe what kind of community life people desire.
D. To prove entertainment areas are important to communities.
14. What does the underlined part “on board with” in paragraph 7 mean?
A. Disagree with. B. Care about. C. In favor of. D. Back down.
15. What’s the author’s attitude toward the “10-minute city”?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Critical.
【12~15题答案】
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了 “10-minute city” 的优势。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“including living areas, study rooms, offices an entertainment areas-all within a 10-minute walk from each other.（包括生活区、自习室、办公室和娱乐区，所有这些区域之间的步行距离都在10分钟以内）”可知“10-minute city”旨在满足人们的日常需求，并给他们带来方便。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“During the pandemic, many people have been forced to spend most of their time at home, with limited access to much else outside of their immediate community.（在疫情期间，许多人被迫将大部分时间花在家里，与所在社区以外的许多其他地方接触的机会有限）”以及第四段的“Paloma Ezzet, 16, is an example. ”可知提到Paloma Ezzet就是为了解释“10-minute city”的必要性。故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第七段“The well-resourced smart city like the “10-minute city” may be one alternative（像“10分钟城市”这样资源丰富的智慧城市可能是一种选择）”以及“Some critics said it would further concentrate wealth in the most accessible and convenient districts.（一些批评人士表示，这将进一步把财富集中在最容易到达和便利的地区）”可知，前后构成了转折关系。可知，任何事物都有其两面性，那有一些批评人士，自然就有另一些支持的人士。“on board with”与“In favor of”同义，意思是“支持”。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The seeds are there, and they’ll grow little by little（种子就在那里，它们会一点一点地生长）”可知作者对于 “10-minute city”是一种乐观的态度。故选A。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anxiety is a normal feeling characterized by worry or fear. For example, if you have a big test, or when you don’t know how an event will turn out, you are likely to be anxious. ____16____ Here are tips to reduce your symptoms（症状）.
*Get the right amount of sleep.
Getting the proper amount of sleep at night is important. Your mind and body can reset, which helps you make better decisions when you wake up. This can also help adjust your moods and allow you to be able to get through your daily tasks.____17____ After doing this for a while, your body may start to get tired at the same time each day, which could mean you will have an easier time going to sleep each night.
*____18____
Breathing deeply can often help regulate anxious physical symptoms. When you breathe in deeply, not only does oxygen enter your body, but you also have to take a minute to change what you are doing. Sometimes when you take yourself out of a stressful situation for a while, you can gain a completely new understanding of what’s going on. Try to stop and take deep breaths whenever you start to feel anxious.
*Pay attention to triggers（诱因）.
____19____In some cases, these things may be obvious, but at other times, you may have trouble identifying them. You can start writing down what happens to you in a journal so that you can rule out certain events and habits.
Anxiety is a part of life, but it doesn’t have to prevent you from living the life you want. There are many ways to change your life and habits.____20____
A. Learn how to breathe.
B. Living with anxiety isn’t easy.
C. Examine your values and live by them.
D. Stress can cause you to have trouble falling asleep.
E. You should start to remove the things that trouble you.
F. Be sure to take care of yourself and reduce the stress in your life.
G. Try to go to sleep at the same time each night, even on the weekends.
【16~20题答案】
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. A 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是减轻焦虑的症状的小窍门。
【16题详解】
空格前说“For example, if you have a big test, or when you don’t know how an event will turn out, you are likely to be anxious.（例如，如果你有一个大的考试，或者当你不知道一个事件将如何发展时，你很可能会焦虑。）”，空格后“Here are tips to reduce your symptoms（症状）.（下面是一些减轻症状的小窍门。）”引出一些小窍门，B选项“Living with anxiety isn’t easy.（生活在焦虑中并不容易。）”道明了下面的一些小窍门的必要性，起到承上启下的作用，因此B选项符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
本段首句“Getting the proper amount of sleep at night is important.（晚上有适量的睡眠是很重要的。）”是主题句，表明本段主要是讲睡眠的重要性，G选项“Try to go to sleep at the same time each night, even on the weekends.（试着每晚在同一时间睡觉，即使是在周末。）”讲明了要如何睡眠，空后的“doing this”指的是G选项中的“go to sleep at the same time each night”，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
空格处是本段的小标题，由空格下方的“Breathing deeply can often help regulate anxious physical symptoms.（深呼吸通常可以帮助调节焦虑的身体症状。）”可知，本段主要讲的是“呼吸”，A选项“Learn how to breathe.（学会呼吸。）”概括了本段的主题，可作为小标题，故选A。
【19题详解】
空格后说“In some cases, these things may be obvious, but at other times, you may have trouble identifying them.（在某些情况下，这些东西可能很明显，但在其他时候，您可能很难识别它们。）”，E选项“You should start to remove the things that trouble you.（你应该开始清除那些困扰你的东西。）”中的“the things that trouble you”和空后的“these things”相一致，因此E选项引出下文，符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
空格前说“Anxiety is a part of life, but it doesn’t have to prevent you from living the life you want. There are many ways to change your life and habits.（焦虑是生活的一部分，但它并不会阻止你过上你想要的生活。有很多方法可以改变你的生活和习惯。）”，F选项“Be sure to take care of yourself and reduce the stress in your life.（一定要照顾好自己，减少生活中的压力。）”呼应了本文的主题，即“减少压力”，因此F选项可总结全文，符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I follow my students on Facebook so I can keep up with their lives as well as look for any cyberbullying（网络霸凌）. One Monday evening, I received a direct ____21____ from Raymond, who got a very ____22____ note in his locker. He took a picture of it and sent it to me asking for help. I told him that this is not ____23____ at our school and asked him to meet me next morning. He said he would, and I was ____24____ that he came to me.
A few hours later, I noticed on his Facebook that he had ____25____ the picture of the mean note and asked if anyone knew who it was. In order to give the person who did it a little push in coming forward, I ____26____ below it, “We are looking into it.”
The next day, Raymond came to my office with a boy. He showed me another note. But this was a beautiful, heartfelt____27____! I asked him who had written it. “It was me. I don’t know why I did it, but I know it was ____28____. So, I wrote him this note. I also wrote 150 Post-Its（便利贴）with kind sayings and put them in all the lockers. I just wanted to do something to ____29____ what I did.” the boy replied.
Hearing this, I felt so full of _____30_____ and love for this brave boy. I told him how brave I thought it was for him to _____31_____and how amazing it was that he did something _____32_____ in return to try to balance his mistake. Then I _____33_____ to Raymond and asked him: “Can you recognize the boy’s bravery and _____34_____ him？”Without hesitation, he said, “Yes._____35_____ And if anyone tries to be mean to him for making a bad choice, I will stand up to them.”
21. A. present B. poem C. message D. opinion
22. A. bright B. mean C. frank D. normal
23. A. allowed B. forbidden C. limited D. admitted
24. A. anxious B. eager C. energetic D. glad
25. A. posted B. revised C. reminded D. rated
26. A. liked B. advertised C. commented D. improved
27. A. slogan B. apology C. schedule D. proposal
28. A. generous B. wrong C. amazing D. flexible
29. A. make up for B. live up to C. let go of D. eat away at
30. A. anger B. loss C. curiosity D. pride
31. A. look forward B. pass out C. come forward D. shoot up
32. A. tough B. shallow C. narrow D. kind
33. A. turned B. listened C. flew D. got
34. A. fight B. forgive C. ignore D. attack
35. A. Gradually B. Immediately C. Definitely D. Fortunately
【21~35题答案】
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。本文作者讲述了两个男孩的故事。一个男孩收到了一张恶意的纸条向作者求助，而另一个男孩勇于承认自己做的错事，并进行弥补。作者通过这件事告诉我们勇于承认错误是非常重要。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个星期一的晚上，我收到了一个男孩的直接留言，他的文件箱里有一条恶意留言。A. present礼物；B. poem诗歌；C. message信息；D. opinion意见；观点。根据上文“I follow my students on Facebook”和下文“He took a picture of it and sent it to me asking for help.”可知，作者关注学生们的脸书，因此推断此处说的是收到了来自学生Raymond一条信息。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bright明亮的；B. mean吝啬的；刻薄的；C. frank直率的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“sent it to me asking for help”可知，这张便条是刻薄的，因此Raymond寻求帮助。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他这在我们学校是不允许的，并让他第二天早上来见我。A. allowed允许；B. forbidden禁止；C. limited限制；D. admitted承认。根据下文“asked him to meet me next morning”和作者做的评论“We are looking into it.”可知，作者让Raymond第二天来见他，并评论说正在调查此事，因此推断这种行为在学校里是不被允许的。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说他会的，我很高兴他来找我。A. anxious渴望地；B. eager热切的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. glad高兴的。根据上文“He said he would”可知，作者让Raymond来见自己，他同意了因此推断作者很高兴他能够来找作者。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个小时以后，我在他的脸书上注意到他已经把恶意纸条的照片发到了网上，询问是否有人知道是谁写的。 A. posted张贴；发布；B. revised修订；C. reminded提醒；D. rated估价。根据下文“I noticed on his Facebook”和下文“asked if anyone knew who it was.”可知，Raymond把恶意纸条的照片发布到了网上。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了给做这件事的人一点动力，我在下面评论道:“我们正在调查。” A. liked喜欢；B. advertised做广告；C. commented评论；D. improved提高；改进。根据下文“below it,‘We are looking into it.’” 可知，作者在网上的照片下做了评论。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这是一个美丽的，发自内心的道歉。A. slogan口号；标语；B. apology道歉；C. schedule工作计划；D. proposal提议。根据下文男孩说的话“It was me. I don’t know why I did it, but I know it was ____8____. So, I wrote him this note. I also wrote 150 Post-Its（便利贴）with kind sayings and put them in all the lockers. I just wanted to do something to ____9____ what I did.”可知，男孩写这个便条以表达他真诚的道歉。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然不知道为什么，但我知道它是错误的。A. generous慷慨的；B. wrong错误的；C. amazing令人吃惊的；D. flexible灵活的。根据上文“He showed me another note. But this was a beautiful, heartfelt____7____!”可知，男孩写了道歉的纸条，说明他知道自己是错误的。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只是想做点什么来弥补我所做的。A. make up for弥补；B. live up to不辜负；C. let go of放开；D. eat away at侵蚀；腐蚀。根据上文“So, I wrote him this note. I also wrote 150 Post-Its（便利贴）with kind sayings and put them in all the lockers.”可知，男孩想要做些什么来弥补自己做的错事。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到这些，我感到非常自豪，对这个勇敢的男孩充满爱。A. anger愤怒；B. loss损失；C. curiosity好奇心；D. pride自豪。根据下文“I told him how brave I thought it was for him to ____11____and how amazing it was that he did something ____12____ in return to try to balance his mistake.”可知，作者对于男孩的勇敢感到自豪。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我告诉他，我认为他主动（承认错误）是多么勇敢，他做了一些善意的事来弥补自己的错误是多么令人惊讶。A. look forward渴望；B. pass out昏厥；C. come forward自告奋勇；主动提供（信息）；D. shoot up狙击；迅速成长。根据上文“In order to give the person who did it a little push in coming forward”可知，作者认为男孩能够主动承认错误是非常勇敢的。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. tough坚强的；B. shallow浅的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. kind体贴的。根据上文“I also wrote 150 Post-Its（便利贴）with kind sayings and put them in all the lockers. I just wanted to do something to ____9____ what I did.”可知，男孩做了一些善意的事情来努力弥补自己的过错。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我转向Raymond，问他:“你可以承认这个男孩的勇敢并原谅他吗?”A. turned转身；B. listened倾听；C. flew飞；D. got得到。根据下文“to Raymond and asked him:‘Can you recognize the boy’s bravery and…’”可知，作者转身询问Raymond。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我转向Raymond，问他:“你可以承认这个男孩的勇敢并原谅他吗?”A. fight斗争；B. forgive谅解；C. ignore忽视；D. attack攻击。根据上文“Can you recognize the boy’s bravery”下文“And if anyone tries to be mean to him for making a bad choice, I will stand up to them.”可知，作者问Raymond是否原谅这个男孩。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：是的，当然。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Immediately立即；C. Definitely当然；肯定；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据下文“Yes…And if anyone tries to be mean to him for making a bad choice, I will stand up to them.”可推断，Raymond原谅了男孩，因此他回答作者“是的。当然”。故选C。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

With just half a month to go to the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022, the excitement is growing among winter sports athletes and fans from around the world. The best winter athletes ____36____ (gather) in China to compete for 109 gold medals.
The opening ceremony is scheduled ____37____(take) place on 4 February 2022, with the closing ceremony on February 20. Two ceremonies will both take place at the National Stadium,____38____was the main Olympic stadium used for the Beijing 2008 Olympics.
Although Beijing will act as ____39____ host city of the Games, the winter sporting events will ____40____ (actual) take place in three different clusters：one in Beijing ____41____ (it), one in Yanqing, and one in Zhangjiakou, around 200 km away from Beijing but reachable in an hour via high-speed train.
A giant panda ____42____ (name) Bing Dwen Dwen is the official mascot (吉祥物) of the Games.
The mascot embodies the____43____(strong) and willpower of athletes and will help to promote the Olympic spirit. The emblem (会徽) is based ____44____ the Chinese character for winter, 冬. In its upper part is the figure of a skater and in the lower part a skier. The form of “Beijing 2022” combines Chinese calligraphy and papercutting, highlighting the Chinese _____45_____ (culture) elements in its design.
【36~45题答案】
【答案】36. will gather
37. to take
38. which 39. the
40. actually
41. itself 42. named
43. strength
44. on 45. cultural
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了2022年北京冬季奥运会的主办城市、主体育场、吉祥物和会徽的设计等相关信息。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：最优秀的冬季运动员将聚集在中国争夺109枚金牌。分析句子可知，gather(聚集)是句中谓语动词，与主语The best winter athletes 之间是主动关系，根据上文“With just half a month to go to the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022”可知，文中所说北京冬季奥运会是将来的事情，应用一般将来时。故填will gather。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：开幕式定于2022年2月4日举行，闭幕式定于2月20日举行。be scheduled to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“计划做某事”。故填to take。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：两场仪式都将在国家体育场举行，这曾是2008年北京奥运会的主体育场。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the National Stadium，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该定语从句。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：虽然北京将作为奥运会的主办城市，但实际上冬奥会将在三个不同的城市集群举行：一个在北京，一个在延庆，一个在张家口，距离北京约200公里，但通过高铁一个小时就能到达。根据句意和常识可知，每届冬奥会的主办城市是唯一的，所以句中host city是特指，用定冠词the限定。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：虽然北京将作为奥运会的主办城市，但实际上冬奥会将在三个不同的城市集群举行：一个在北京，一个在延庆，一个在张家口，距离北京约200公里，但通过高铁一个小时就能到达。根据句意可知，提示词修饰整个句子，作评注性状语，应用副词形式actually，意为“实际上”。故填actually。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：虽然北京将作为奥运会的主办城市，但实际上冬奥会将在三个不同的城市集群举行：一个在北京，一个在延庆，一个在张家口，距离北京约200公里，但通过高铁一个小时就能到达。根据句意可知，句中强调北京本身将作为冬奥会主办城市集群之一，应用反身代词itself作同位语，表强调。故填itself。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一只名叫“冰墩墩”的大熊猫是本届奥运会的官方吉祥物。分析句子可知，name(命名)作后置定语修饰名词A giant panda，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语A giant panda之间是被动关系，且“命名”这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词，表示被动和完成。故填named。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：吉祥物体现了运动员的力量和毅力，有助于弘扬奥林匹克精神。提示词与名词willpower是并列关系，作宾语，用名词形式strength，意为“力量”。故填strength。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：会徽是基于表示冬天的汉字“冬”。be based on为固定短语，意为“以……为基础；建立在……基础上”。故填on。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“Beijing 2022”的形式结合了中国书法和剪纸，在设计中突出了中国文化元素。根据句意可知，提示词作定语，修饰名词elements，应用形容词形式cultural，意为“文化的”。故填cultural。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是“微胖”李华，最近在节食减肥方面跟父母产生了矛盾，导致家庭关系紧张，为此很苦恼。请给“Teenagers Now”专栏作家Ms Jenkins写封信，寻求帮助，要点如下：
1. 高中生是否应该在意体重问题；
2. 平时父母对你要求太高，不知怎样和他们相处；
3. 表示感谢。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ms Jenkins,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【46题答案】
【答案】Dear Ms Jenkins,
I’m Li Hua, a senior high school student, who is a bit over-weight. Now I’m encountering some problems. Therefore, I am writing to ask for your help.
Recently my parents and I had a big argument about my dieting to lose weight, which caused family tensions. Do you think senior high school students should pay much attention to our weight? Besides, with high expectation, they are very strict with me. I’m under great pressure and don’t know how to get along with them.
I would much appreciate it if you could do me a favor. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给“Teenagers Now”专栏作家Ms Jenkins写封信，就你最近因为在节食减肥而与父母产生矛盾的事情寻求帮助，要点如下：高中生是否应该在意体重问题；平时父母对你要求太高，不知怎样和他们相处；表示感谢。
【详解】1.词汇积累
争论：argument→dispute
引起：cause→induce
此外：besides→in addition
和某人相处：get along with→get on with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Now I’m encountering some problems.
拓展句：Now I’m encountering some problems which bother me.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m Li Hua, a senior high school student, who is a bit over-weight. (运用了who引导的非限定性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Recently my parents and I had a big argument about my dieting to lose weight, which caused family tensions. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)
第一节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was walking along the road to school one day and I met my friend Raine. He suggested that we skip school and go to the movies. I refused as my dad was very fierce and strict. After much persuasion, I gave in. There was a Timothée Chalamet movie Dune on and I was a fan.
So we set off to the movies together, bought our tickets, popcorn and drinks and settled down comfortably. As we were early, the lights were still on. We watched people come in groups, families and there were couples too. Some of them looked like school students playing truant (逃学) like us.
As I turned around, I caught a glimpse of my uncle Andy and aunt Jane walking in. I sank into my scat quickly to avoid being spotted. I signaled to Raine that there was someone I didn’t want to see and Raine being Raine made it more obvious by turning around and asking “Who? And where?” loudly. It made me sit even lower in my seat.
To make things worse, they came and sat in the row behind us and were saying to each other how I would have loved to come to this movie as I adored Timothée Chalamet. They were even commenting about the students playing truant. Soon the movie began and I was glad when the lights were turned off but I didn’t enjoy the movie at all. So, I sat there like an astronaut, watching over the front seat. Every now and then I would sneak a peek at (偷看一下) my aunt and uncle. I was sure they were looking at me.
1. 续写词数应为l50左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Anyway, there was another trouble. I had to leave the cinema without being spotted.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As soon as all others left, I made a wild dash for the exit.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【47题答案】
【答案】Anyway, there was another trouble. I had to leave the cinema without being spotted. I watched for any chance to slip away, but without luck. Filled with foreboding and fears, I had to wait in the dark, not daring to sit up straight. After what seemed to be a century, the movie at last ended and the lights came on, I sat there waiting for everyone to leave but my uncle and aunt just sat there talking about how fabulous the movie was. After a little while, they got up and walked to the doors.
As soon as all others left, I made a wild dash for the exit. To my horror, my uncle and aunt were standing there smiling. I tried to say something but all that came out were sounds that meant nothing. I stuttered and spluttered so much! My uncle merely said, “I hope you have learnt your lesson. We saw you the moment we came in and I am sure your father will be very disappointed in you. We hope you won’t do it again.” After giving me a piece of their minds, they sent us to school. What an embarrassing moment!
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和他的朋友Raine翘课去看电影，结果被自己的叔叔和婶婶遇见，最后接受批评，认识到错误的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“总之，还有一个麻烦。我不得不在没有被发现的情况下离开电影院。”可知，第一段可描写作者害怕被发现的心理状态以及想如何走出电影院。
②由第二段首句内容“其他人一离开，我就疯狂地向出口冲去。”可知，第二段可描写作者被自己的叔叔婶婶发现了，接受了批评教育，认识到错误，最后作者和朋友一起被送回学校。
2.续写线索：怕被发现——等待机会溜走——被发现——批评教育——认识到错误——被送回学校
3.词汇激活
行为类：
①.溜走：slip away/leave stealthily /slope off
②.谈论：talk about/discuss
情绪类：
①.尴尬： embarrassing/awkward
②.沮丧：disappointed /downcast/spiritless
【点睛】[高分句型1].I tried to say something but all that came out were sounds that meant nothing.（第一个that引导定语从句）
[高分句型2].After what seemed to be a century, the movie at last ended and the lights came on, I sat there waiting for everyone to leave but my uncle and aunt just sat there talking about how fabulous the movie was. （what和how引导宾语从句）