普通高中英语学业水平合格性考试第1篇Section12学案

这是一份普通高中英语学业水平合格性考试第1篇Section12学案

Section 12[考纲词汇通关] amount n．数量，数额[归纳拓展]“a huge/large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数“huge/large amounts of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数①A good amount of sleep every night is important for your health.每晚充足的睡眠对你的健康很重要。②Large amounts of water are needed(need)for cooling purpose.要达到降温的目的需要大量的水。③For example，there are(be)huge amounts of reference books which I am often confused to choose from.例如，有大量的参考书可供选择，我常常感到困惑。 narrow adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的 v．(使)变窄；缩小[归纳拓展](1)a narrow escape 九死一生a narrow majority/victory/defeat 稍多数/险胜/勉强击败(2)narrow down 缩小……的范围(3)narrowly adv. 勉强地；差一点儿；狭隘地①The young man has won the election by a narrow majority.这个年轻人以微弱的优势赢得了这次选举。②The police have narrowed down their list of suspects.警方已缩小了嫌疑人的范围。③France narrowly (narrow) beat Germany by 2∶1 in the thrilling final.在紧张的决赛中法国以2∶1的比分勉强战胜德国。 remove vt.去除；移开；拿走；开除；免职；脱去(衣物)；搬迁[归纳拓展]remove...from... 将……从……移开；免去；去掉remove from...to... 从……移居到……①I am going to do all I can to remove the unpleasant impression you have on me.我要尽力消除你对我的不良印象。②Before the examination, the school organized some relaxing activities to remove fears and anxiety from students' mind.考试前学校组织了一些轻松的活动来消除学生心理上的恐惧和焦虑。③We are removing from London to the countryside.我们正从伦敦前往乡下。 ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产(1)be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭fall into ruin 成为废墟；毁灭(2)ruin one's hope/chance 使某人的希望破灭/机会失去ruin oneself 自我毁灭①That mistake ruined his chance of getting the job.那个错误使他失去了得到那份工作的机会。②The ancient temple has fallen into ruins and needs repairing.这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需要修理。③Drunk­driving not only ruined himself(he) but also killed several passers­by.醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己，还导致几位路人死亡。 crash vi.(飞机)失事；坠毁；撞碎；崩溃[归纳拓展]crash into 撞到……上；闯入a car crash 汽车撞车事故an air crash 飞机坠毁事故①An airline crashed west of Denver last night.昨夜一架客机在丹佛西部坠毁。②The car crashed into a bus on the bridge.汽车在桥上与公交车相撞。③Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash．她最好的朋友在一次车祸中严重受伤。 make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通，可理解[归纳拓展]make sense of 了解……的意义；懂得in a sense 某一方面；就某种意义来讲a sense of ……的感觉There is no sense in (doing) sth. 做某事是没有道理/意义的①It makes good sense to buy a large packet because it will work out cheaper in the end.买个大盒的是很明智的做法，因为大盒的最终算下来更便宜。②There is no sense in complaining.We should take action now.抱怨是没有意义的，我们现在应该采取行动了。③A sense of anxiety could arise if we were addicted to various social networking applications.如果我们对各种社交网络的应用程序上瘾的话，就可能会出现一种焦虑症。 concerned about对……关切的；为……担忧的[归纳拓展](1)concern vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；(利害)关系It concerns/concerned sb.that... 令某人担忧的是……show concern for 关心(2)concerned adj. 担心的；关注的as/so far as...be concerned 关于；至于；就……而言be concerned about/for 关心；担忧；挂念be concerned with sth. 牵涉；与……有关①More and more people show great concern for road safety.现在越来越多的人高度关注道路安全问题。②She is concerned about her son's future.她担忧着她儿子的将来。③The accident was concerned with the bus driver.这次事故与公交车司机有关。 hold back阻止；抑制；控制(情感、情绪等)；隐瞒[归纳拓展]hold on 等一等(别挂断电话)；坚持下去hold on to 抓住；保持；不放弃hold up 举起；延迟，耽搁；阻碍；抢劫hold out 伸出；维持；抵抗①I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy，but was held back thankfully by the shop window.我有一种强烈的欲望，想伸手进去拿那个玩具玩，但幸亏我被商店的橱窗挡住了。②I think he's holding something back；he knows more than he admits.我认为他有所隐瞒，他知道的比他承认的要多。③They were ready to hold out a friendly hand.他们准备伸出友谊之手。[重点句式分析] But before I knew it，I was taking part in local races.但是在我知道这事之前，我就已经参加了当地的比赛。[要点提炼]before conj.常用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间，译法灵活。[归纳拓展](1)强调从句动作发生在主句之前，意为“还没来得及……就……”。(2)在特定的情景中，意为“趁着……”。(3)强调动作发生的时间长，意为“过了(多久)才……”。(4)在“It＋be＋时间段＋before从句”中，意为“……之后才……”。(5)在“It＋be＋not＋long＋before从句”中，意为“……不久就……”。①The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left before I could ask for their names.归还我丢失钱包的年轻夫妇，我还没来得及问他们的名字，他们就已经离开了。②John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job.约翰认为不久之后他就会为新工作做好准备。[名师点津]　“It＋be＋一段时间＋since”引导状语从句表示“自从……(到现在)有多长时间了”。③As far as I know，it is/has been five years since he joined the army.据我所知，他参军五年了。 It was not only for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat，but also for the opportunity to have our whole family gathered together.这不仅是为了我们过去很少吃到的美食，而且是为了让全家人有聚在一起的机会。[要点提炼]“have sth.done”意为让某人做某事，或某物遭受了/被……了，其中sth.与done之间是被动关系。done为过去分词作宾语补足语。[归纳拓展]have sb./sth.doing sth. 让某人做某事/让某事发生 (动作持续)(肯定句)have sb.do sth. 让某人做某事have sth.done 让别人做某事；完成某事；遭遇 不幸的事have sth.to do 有事情要做(不定式作定语)①I can't have you speaking to your mother in a rude manner.You must apologize to her immediately.我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你的母亲说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。②He had his car repaired yesterday.他昨天请人修车了。③Sorry，but I have an important meeting to attend(attend)．对不起，我有个重要的会议要参加。④They are having their houses mended(mend)now.现在他们正在修理房子。[基础题型对练]Ⅰ.完形填空I believed in magic.I believed things happened for a(n) 1 ．I was vocal about “happy accidents”．“See this little box？It's magic：inside 2 a bird that can sing.”I carefully wound(给……上发条) the tiny music box，and my sons were 3 attracted by the beautiful music，coming up and wondering what it was.Besides singing，the bird 4 flapped(拍打) its wings，and opened and closed its small beak(鸟喙)．“Please don't touch it，”I 5 ．However，weeks later I noticed the bird no longer moved back fully.I was so angry that I 6 my sons.“I pushed the lid down，”volunteered the 7­year­old cautiously.Obviously，he realized what a big mistake he had made.I was going to 7 him.However，another voice told me that I might find a skilled person to 8 the bird back to life first.Unfortunately，I soon discovered that few people could 9 broken music boxes.It took me lots of 10 to find one.After lots of time and costs，I was delighted to witness the fragile bird singing once more.What I did not 11 was that the tiny bird would also spin(旋转)．“It spins！”I said，totally 12 ．“It's supposed to do that，”the man said with a thick German accent.“I guess it is 13 that your son broke it，because now the bird does what it was 14 to do.”A happy accident， 15 ．1．A．excuse　 B．result C．reason D．goal[答案]　C2．A．flies B．lives C．buries D．sees[答案]　B3．A．instantly B．eventually C．gradually D．accidentally[答案]　A4．A．merely B．still C．suddenly D．also[答案]　D5．A．requested B．declared C．warned D．repeated[答案]　C6．A．gathered B．seized C．dragged D．led[答案]　A7．A．comfort B．believe C．ignore D．punish[答案]　D8．A．carry B．take C．bring D．get[答案]　C9．A．discover B．make C．own D．repair[答案]　D10．A．fortune B．efforts C．chances D．risks[答案]　B11．A．observe B．expect C．realize D．feel[答案]　B12．A．sad B．moved C．satisfied D．amazed[答案]　D13．A．wrong B．reasonable C．good D．obvious[答案]　C14．A．trained B．asked C．allowed D．designed[答案]　D15．A．indeed B．though C．either D．instead[答案]　AⅡ.阅读理解Throughout the history of the arts，the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists.No matter what objects they select，artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change—to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before.Landscape (风景) is another unchanging element of art.It can be found from ancient times through the 17th­century Dutch painters to the 19th­century romanticists and impressionists.In the 1970s，Alfred Leslie，one of the new American realists，continued this practice，Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole，a romanticist，had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before.Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature，Ledge paints what he actually sees.In his paintings，there is no particular change in emotion and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background.He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography (摄影术) to help both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom.Besides，all art begs the age­old question：What is real? Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another.The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects，the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes，and the Cro­Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests.To sum up，understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods.Over thousands of years，the function of the arts has remained relatively constant.Past or present，Eastern or Western，the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience.Many and different are the faces of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings.1．The underlined word “poetry” most probably means ________．A．an object for artistic creationB．a collection of poemsC．an unusual qualityD．a natural scene[答案]　C2．Leslie's paintings are extraordinary because ________．A．they are close in style to works in ancient timesB．they look like works by 19th­century paintersC．they draw attention to common things in lifeD．they depend heavily on color photography[答案]　C3．What is the author's opinion of artistic reality?A．It will not be found in future works of art.B．It does not have a long­lasting standard.C．It is expressed in a fixed artistic form.D．It is lacking in modern works of art.[答案]　B4．What does the author suggest about the arts in the last paragraph?A．They express people's curiosity about the past.B．They make people interested in everyday experience.C．They are considered important for variety in form.D．They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation.[答案]　D5．Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?A．History of the arts.B．Basic questions of the arts.C．New developments in the arts.D．Use of modern technology in the arts.[答案]　B