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山东省青岛第二中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）
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青岛二中2022-2023学年第一学期期中考试
高二试题（英语）
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Books of 2020
On Monday, the American Library Association announced the top children’s books of 2020. Here are the winners.
Devotion
Author Clare Vanderpool took home the John Newbery Medal for outstanding contribution to children’s literature for Moon over Manifest. The book is about a young girl’s magical adventures in a small Kansas town, in 1936.
Vanderpool said that she was shocked to learn that she had won. “You grow up reading legendary authors like Madeleine L’Engle, but I never expected to be put in a category with her,” Vanderpool told TFK. “It’s fabulous.”
Picture This
The picture book A Sick Day for Amos McGee won the Randolph Caldecott Medal. The book was illustrated by Erin E. Stead and written by her husband, Philip C. Stead. It tells the story of an elderly zookeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s not well enough to go to work.
“I love drawing animals and I love drawing people and I love drawing the emotional connection between animals and people,” said Stead.
More Honored Books
The Coretta Scott King award, given to an African-American author and illustrator of “outstanding books for children and young adults,” went to Rita Williams-Garcia for One Crazy Summer. Set in 1968, the novel follows three sisters from Brooklyn, New York, who visit their mother, a poet who ran away years ago and lives in California.
The king prize for best-illustrated work went to Dave the Potter: Artist, Poet, Slave. The book, which was written by Laban Carrick Hill and illustrated by Bryan Collier, tells the story of a skilled potter who engraved his poems on the clay pots and jars that he made. The enslaved potter, known only as Dave, lived in South Carolina in the 1800s.
21. When she heard the news that she won the medal Vanderpool felt_________.
A. depressed. B. annoyed. C. amused. D. astonished.
22. One Crazy Summer is a _________.
A. thriller B. fiction C. adventure story D. comic book
23. From the passage, we can infer that_________
A. The book Moon over Manifest tells a story of a zookeeper and his animals.
B. The book A Sick Day for Amos McGee is written by Erin, a famous woman writer.
C. A Sick Day for Amos McGee shows us that animals can interact with humans.
D. One Crazy Summer is about a mother with her three children having a holiday in California.
B
Zheng Qinwen announced herself as a major new force in women’s tennis with an import French Open debut (首秀) last month. Now the Chinese teenager hopes the fighting spirit she showed at the Grand Slam (大满贯) tournament can encourage kids starting out in the sport to chase their dreams on the court with the same determination.
“If tennis is your dream, I think you always have to fight for your dream. Because we only have one life, you shouldn’t have any regrets,” Zheng said last week in an interview.
The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a contender at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.
Accounting for two-time Grand Slam winner Simona Halep along the way, Zheng’s journey was ended in the fourth round by a three-set defeat to eventual champion Iga Swiatek. Zheng, though gave the Polish world No. 1 a big scare, battling back from 3-0 down in the first set to force, and win, a tiebreak (平分决胜局)。
“That was the first time I had played the world No.1, so I really wanted to grab this chance so I could judge her level and test myself,” said Zheng. “I didn’t want to give her the match so easy like that. It was pretty difficult for me to hold on in that match because of what my body was going through, but I wanted to show her I'm not easily beaten.
Looking back at Zheng Qinwen’s performances in this year’s French Open, there’s no doubt that she’s a true fighter. Zheng says she avoids being discouraged by higher-ranked opponents by simply focusing on the next point, one shot at a time. Supported by her team, she hopes she can one day win a Grand Slam title.
Zheng’s impressive French Open run has inevitably led to comparisons with China’s solitary Grand Slam singles championLi Na, who won the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.
“When I was a kid, Li Na showed that Asian people also can do something really good in tennis. She was the first one. I will just focus on my own game and then let’s see if I can really compete at the highest level,” said Zheng.
24. What does the underlined word “contender” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Organizer. B. Announcer. C. Competitor. D. Designer.
25. What is the result of the match between Zheng and Ign Swiatek?
A. Iga Swiatek beat Zheng easily. B. Zheng lost to Iga Swiatek at last.
C. Zheng won the match despite her pain. D. Iga Swiatek lost because of her mistakes.
26. Why is Li Na mentioned in paragraph 7?
A. To explain why Li Na has achieved a lot
B. To prove failure is the mother of success.
C. To show how excellent Zheng Qinwen is.
D. To compare the difference between Zheng Qinwen and LI Na
27. Which of the following can best describe Zheng Qinwen?
A. Optimistic and generous. B. Struggling and determined
C. Independent and helpful. D. Adventurous and realistic.
C
Human innovation (创新) has allowed people to explore space for decades. Within a space station, astronauts have enough air, food and water to complete missions of a year or longer without a resupply. But missions to further reaches of space are a different matter. Establishing a base on the moon or sending humans to Mars seems just on the horizon. That can only happen if innovative and foolproof ways are developed to supply humans with enough air, water and food.
One company, Interstellar Labs, has developed an advanced, closed loop system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space. They call their AI managed greenhouses BioPods and they are designed to be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce food by 99 percent. That is not an impossible claim. BioPods don’t use any soil to grow plants, and the vast majority of water is recycled and recirculated.
Plants are grown inside BioPods using aeroponics, the practice of hanging plants in the air and spraying a mist of nutrient-rich water on their roots. By using aeroponics, the BioPod system carefully conserves water with amazing results. According to Interstellar labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water.
The conditions inside of a BioPod are controlled by AI, which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature and humidity to maximize growth. This optimizes (使最优化) growing conditions no matter what the environment is outside, including the emptiness of space.
The BioPods themselves can be built in almost any environment, too. The pod’s structure is made with a 3D printer using raw materials in liquid form. The inside part is sealed with an inflatable membrane (充气膜) that is also 3D-printed. This means that a BioPod could be built right on the surface of the moon or Mars, making transporting a large structure unnecessary.
Like most technology developed for space exploration, BioPods can also be used on Earth to provide highly efficient food production systems even in the harshest environments.
28. In writing paragraph 1, the author aims to____________.
A. present a topic B. make a comparison
C. reach a conclusion D. propose a definition
29. Which of the following best describes Biopods?
A. They are widely used for space exploration.
B. They are highly productive and efficient greenhouses.
C. They are easy to operate without need for soil or water.
D. They are deigned to be used in harsh environments on Earth.
30. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Food Consumption in Space Station B. Space Exploration with BioPods
C. Growing Food in Space Pods D. 3D Printers Used in Space Lab
31. What is the writer’s attitude to the BioPod?
A. Positive. B. Cautious. C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.
D
It may not be rocket science, but researchers have found aerospace engineers and neurosurgeons (神经外科医生) are not necessarily brighter than the general population.
Researchers examined data from an international group of 329 aerospace engineers and 72 brain surgeons who completed 12 tasks online using the Great British Intelligence Test.
The tasks examined various aspects of cognition (认知), including planning and reasoning, working memory, attention, and emotion processing abilities. The researchers then compared the results against those previously gathered from more than 18,000 members of the British public.
The findings, which were recently published, reveal that only neurosurgeons showed a significant difference, with quicker problem-solving speed but slower memory recall compared with the general population. “The difference in problem-solving speed exhibited by neurosurgeons might arise from the fast-paced nature of neurosurgery, which attracts those with a pre-existing talent for rapid processing, or it could be, though less likely, a product of training for rapid decision-making in time-critical situations,” the researchers noted.
The researchers said the study was, in part, carried out to lay to rest the question of whether one of the professions had the intellectual upper hand-a tension made famous by a comedy show in which a confident neurosurgeon is slapped down by an aerospace expert who says, “Brain surgery... it’s not exactly rocket science, is it?”
However, the team found few differences between the cognitive abilities of aerospace engineers and neuroscientists, although the results suggest the former had higher scores for attention and mental control—such as turning objects in one’s head—while neurosurgeons showed higher scores in semantic (语义的) problem solving—such as definitions of rare words.
“Essentially what we think it shows is that everyone has a range of skills, some people are better at some things and other people are better at other things, and it is very difficult to be better in everything across the board,” said Aswin Chari, an author of the study.
32. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The research subjects. B. The research method.
C. The research aspects. D. The research background.
33. What seemed to be the major cause of neurosurgeons’ quicker problem-solving speed shown in the study?
A. Fast development of neurosurgery. B. Talent of neurosurgeons.
C. Training for rapid decision-making. D. Nature of problem solving.
34. The study was conducted partly because the researchers .
A. attempted to answer the question asked by the aerospace expert in the show
B. were eager to solve the conflicts between neurosurgeons and aerospace engineers
C. intended to settle the argument over the intellectual superiority of the two professions
D. wanted to find out which of the two professions was more intellectually demanding
35. What is most likely to be the purpose of this text?
A. To inform people of the results of a cognitive study.
B. To encourage people to be confident in themselves.
C. To reduce prejudice against certain professions.
D. To correct misunderstandings about intelligence.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)）
阅读下列短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life can be challenging for teens. They must deal with schoolwork, family life and friends at the same time to fit. Feeling of sadness, frustration and irritability are common. _____36_____ Their negative feelings don't come and go. Instead, those intense feelings can point to a disease called depression—one that may require treatment.
It's easy to think that depressed people simply feel sad or hopeless. For many teens that may be true. _____37_____ Some kids withdraw from friends and family. Others respond with angry outbursts. Some teens may skip school or stop eating or sleeping. Teachers, parents or even a teen's close friends may find it hard to tell whether these behaviors are just part of being a teens or signs of something truly serious.
Even depressed teens may not realize they have this problem. _____38____ More than three million Americans between the ages of 12 and 17 experienced depression in 2019. However, a study by researchers at Harvard and Yale universities found that half of all teens with depression don't get help until they become adults. And only one in three will have been diagnosed by their doctor.
_____39_____ "I can only work with what you give me," Dee says, the mental-health professional in Lincoln, Neb.
Dee says, peers should also seek for signs of depression. Keep an eye on your friends, she recommends. Watch for symptoms of isolation (孤立) or hopelessness. _____40_____ Any of these behaviors could be a symptom of depression.
Overall, knowing who—and how—to help is essential for successfully treating depression in teens.
A. And the share of those affected is high.
B. Some may start abusing alcohol or drugs.
C. Teens should be honest with their answers.
D. The problem is that depression in teens can be hard to spot.
E. There is a link between mental illness and suicide in teens.
F. But for some teens, those emotions take a more extreme turn.
G. Even skipping classes can be a sign that something serious is going on.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When an infectious disease broke out and supermarket shelves were ____41____, Daniel and Nancy decided they no longer wanted to ____42____ others for food. The couple decided to start a year-long ____43____ where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat. ____44____, they would grow, raise or catch everything.
Daniel said, “It is something that we have wanted to do. When the disease 45 , it gave us that extra 46 . At that time we were both 47 , and that gave us even more motivation to see if we could 48 ourselves.” The pair built a house for chickens and ducks and studied online about where they would get all the things they needed. Daniel adds, “We had to learn so many new things like how to grow mushrooms and 49 salt from the ocean.”
Now after five months, they both feel well but Daniel 50 the first few weeks were difficult as their bodies adjusted to 51 coffee, wine and sugar all on the same day,” he says. “After three weeks our energy levels balanced out and our wishes 52 and now we feel great.” Now February has come to a(n) 53 . As they survive winter, they feel 54 about continuing with this way of living, with their challenge 55 ending in August.
41. A. dusty B. empty C. firm D. full
42. A. look for B. come across C. run after D. rely on
43. A. charity B. challenge C. construction D. research
44. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Besides
45. A. hit B. dropped C. failed D. went
46. A. burden B. faith C. push D. excuse
47. A. confused B. unconcerned C. occupied D. unemployed
48. A. teach B. protect C. feed D. control
49. A. supply B. save C. invent D. harvest
50. A. admits B. argues C. doubts D. denies
51. A. demanding B. quitting C. changing D. consuming
52. A. reduced B. returned C. existed D. doubled
53. A. head B. stop C. end D. point
54. A. positive B. worried C. regretful D. bored
55. A. usually B. instantly C. merely D. officially
第二节：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At this year’s Singles’ Day shopping spree(狂欢), domestic brand 56 (fill) up the shopping cart of Wang Xinyi, 57 university student from Chongqing in Southwest China.
“Most of us choose domestic products owing to the fact 58 they are cost-effective and high in quality.” said Wang, 59 bought daily necessities, clothes and digital products made by local brans during last week’s shopping festival.
Wang said many young Chinese 60 (increase) chose domestic brands, 61 (add) that this trend could not only satisfy consumers’ needs but incorporate(融入) traditional Chinese culture into the products.
Nearly 70% of post-90s and around 80% of post-00s generations prefer to buy domestic brands. Young consumers have 62 (strong) confidence and a higher sense of national identity than those of other groups. Overall, Chinese people's interest in domestic products increased by 528 percent 63 (compare) with 10 years ago.
The 64 (improve) in quality and branding has helped promote domestic products. Besides, their 65 (use) traditional Chinese elements and culture has made domestic brands become popular among young consumers.
第四部分 写作（共两节 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，报名参加了学校以 “Be Sporty, Be Healthy”为主题的演讲比赛。请你写一份英文演讲稿。内容包括：1.问题：因为学习紧张，疏于活动；2.建议：要合理安排，正常锻炼。注意：1.写作词数应为80词左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Be Sporty, Be Healthy
Hello, everyone!
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Adam, Nick, and Tom were best friends. Five years after their graduation from college, Nick called Adam and Tom, inviting them to celebrate his birthday on his personal yacht (游艇). They got very excited.
It was a bright and sunny summer day. As Nick was studying the safety measures of the sea journey, he saw Adam and Tum coming towards his yacht. With huge hugs and smiles on every face, the three greeted each other in their usual way. "Thank you boys for coming and making my birthday even more special," said Nick.
“But before getting started, hope you both know there is a danger zone at a particular point on this sea," warned Adam.
"Don't worry. I will stay away from it. Now let the party begin!" Nick responded, starting to turn the steering wheel (方向盘) of the yacht.
Treating the friends on the beautiful white yacht sailing on the blue water was a perfect idea. They were having a wonderful time, talking, eating and joking. How time flew! It started getting dark.
"Hey guys! It's time to go back." Tom shouted.
"Mr. Sailor, turn your ship's wheel and take us back home," said Adam.
Little did they know they were going to encounter life-threatening challenges ahead. Unknowingly, Nick crossed the danger zone Adam had mentioned earlier. When realizing this, Nick decided to make a turn immediately. Unfortunately, a strange noise came from the engine and then the yacht stopped. Expert at mending machines, Adam offered to examine the engine and asked Nick to fetch the tool box. Nick was hurrying to get it when he slipped, falling into the sea water.
"Nick!" Tom and Adam screamed.
Panicked, Nick started shouting for help. Tom rushed inside the yacht to get a life jacket to rescue Nick, but didn't find one. Instead, he found a long rope and out he rushed with it
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Just then Adam shouted on top of his voice, "Nick! Look, there's a shark behind you!?”__________________
Paragraph 2:
What they had to do was restart the yacht.______________________________________________________
英语参考答案：
A
21. D 22. B 23 C
【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国2020年最畅销的儿童图书。
21. 细节理解题。根据Devotion中的“Vanderpool said that she was shocked to learn that she had won.(Vanderpool说，得知自己获奖时她很震惊。)”可知，当Vanderpool听到她获得奖牌的消息时，她很吃惊。故选D。
22. 细节理解题。根据More Honored Books中的“Set in 1968, the novel follows three sisters from Brooklyn, New York, who visit their mother, a poet who ran away years ago and lives in California.(小说以1968年为背景，讲述了来自纽约布鲁克林的三姐妹去看望多年前离家出走的诗人母亲的故事。)”可知，One Crazy Summer是一本小说。故选B。
23. 推理判断题。根据Picture This中的“It tells the story of an elderly zookeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s not well enough to go to work.(它讲述了一位年老的动物园管理员和在他身体不太好不能上班时来看望他的动物的故事。)”可知，A Sick Day for Amos McGee向我们展示了动物可以与人类互动。故选C。
B
24. C 25. B 26. C 27. B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了19岁网球选手郑钦文在法网公开赛中取得不俗成绩，表明自己是女子网球的重要新生力量。
24. 词句猜测题。根据第三段的“The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a contender at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.(这位19岁的选手在法国网球公开赛上表现出了成为顶级网球contender的天赋)”，结合第一段的“Zheng Qinwen announced herself as a major new force in women’s tennis with an import French Open debut (首秀) last month.(上个月，郑钦文在法国网球公开赛上首次亮相，表明了自己是女子网球的重要新生力量)”可知，郑钦文在法网公开赛首次亮相就证明了自己的实力，由此可知，她有成为顶级网球选手的天赋。故划线词contender意为“选手”，与competitor同义。故选C。
25. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Zhengs journey was ended in the fourth round by a three-set defeat to eventual champion Iga Swiatek. (郑的征途在第四轮以三盘的比分被最终的冠军Iga Swiatek终结)”可知，郑最终输给了Iga Swiatek。故选B。
26. 推理判断题。根据第七段的“Zheng’s impressive French Open run has inevitably led to comparisons with China’s solitary Grand Slam singles championLi Na, who won the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.(郑在法网的出色表现不可避免地让人将其与中国唯一的大满贯单打冠军李娜进行比较。李娜曾获得2011年法网和2014年澳网冠军)”与常识可知，李娜是非常优秀的网球运动员。由此推知，提到李娜是为了表明郑在网球方面也非常优秀。故选C。
27. 推理判断题。根据第二段““If tennis is your dream, I think you always have to fight for your dream. Because we only have one life, you shouldn’t have any regrets,” Zheng said last week in an interview.(“如果网球是你的梦想，我认为你总是要为你的梦想而奋斗。因为我们只有一次生命，你不应该有任何遗憾，”郑在上周的一次采访中说)”，第三段“The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a contender at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.(这位19岁的网球选手在法国网球公开赛上表现出色，展现了她成为顶级网球选手的天赋)”和第五段的“I didn’t want to give her the match so easy like that. It was pretty difficult for me to hold on in that match because of what my body was going through, but I wanted to show her I'm not easily beaten.(我不想让她的比赛这么容易。对我来说，在那场比赛中坚持住是非常困难的，因为我的身体原因，但我想告诉她，我不是那么容易被打败的)”推知，郑是一个努力且有决心的人。故选B。
C
28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家公司开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在太空舱里种植植物，为宇航员提供食物。
28. 推理判断题。根据第一段“That can only happen if innovative and foolproof ways are developed to supply humans with enough air, water and food.(只有开发出创新和可靠的方法，为人类提供足够的空气、水和食物，这才有可能实现)”及下文“可以在太空舱里种植植物的先进闭环系统”的内容可推断，作者写作第一段是为了引出在太空舱里可以种植食物的方法这一主题。故选A。
29. 细节理解题。根据第二段“They call their AI managed greenhouses BioPods and they are designed to be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce food by 99 percent. (他们称他们的人工智能管理温室为BioPods，它们的设计非常高效。事实上，星际实验室声称，BioPods可以将生产食物所需的土地和水的数量减少99%)”和第三段“According to Interstellar labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water.(根据星际实验室的数据，BioPod种植的植物比传统种植的植物产量高300倍，只需少量的水)”可知，BioPods是高产和高效的温室。故选B。
30. 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“One company, Interstellar Labs, has developed an advanced, closed loop system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space.(一家公司，星际实验室开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在任何地方种植植物，甚至在太空中)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一家公司开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在太空舱里种植植物，为宇航员提供食物。所以“Growing Food in Space Pods(在太空舱里种植食物)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
31. 推理判断题。根据第三段“By using aeroponics, the BioPod system carefully conserves water with amazing results. According to Interstellar labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water. (通过使用空气种植法，BioPod系统谨慎地节约用水，取得了惊人的效果。根据星际穿实验室的说法，BioPod种植的植物比传统种植的植物产量高300倍，只需要少量的水)”、第四段“The conditions inside of a BioPod are controlled by AI, which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature and humidity to maximize growth. This optimizes growing conditions no matter what the environment is outside, including the emptiness of space. (BioPod内部的条件是由人工智能控制的，它可以改变从照明到温度和湿度的任何东西，以最大限度地提高生长。这优化了生长条件，无论外部环境如何，包括空间的空旷)”、第五段“The BioPods themselves can be built in almost any environment, too.(这种BioPods本身也几乎可以在任何环境下建造)”和最后一段“Like most technology developed for space exploration, BioPods can also be used on Earth to provide highly efficient food production systems even in the harshest environments.(像大多数为太空探索而开发的技术一样，在地球上，即使在最恶劣的环境中，BioPods也可以用来提供高效的食物生产系统)”可推断，作者认为BioPod有许多优点，所以对BioPod的态度是积极的。故选A。
D
32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过航天工程师和神经外科医生与1.8万名公众的智力测试结果进行比对，发现从事专业技术工作的人员只在某些领域表现较好，由此可知每个人有每个人各自擅长的方面，而在所有方面都做的很好是很难的。
32. 主旨大意题。第三段提到“The tasks examined various aspects of cognition (认知), including planning and reasoning, working memory, attention, and emotion processing abilities. The researchers then compared the results against those previously gathered from more than 18,000 members of the British public.”（这些任务检查了认知的各个方面，包括计划和推理、工作记忆、注意力和情绪处理能力。然后，研究人员将这些结果与之前从1.8万名英国公众中收集的结果进行了比较）可知，本段主要介绍了研究的方法——对比两组人的智力水平。故选B。
33. 细节理解题。第四段第二句提到“ “The difference in problem-solving speed exhibited by neurosurgeons might arise from the fast-paced nature of neurosurgery, which attracts those with a pre-existing talent for rapid processing, or it could be, though less likely, a product of training for rapid decision-making in time-critical situations,” the researchers noted. ”（研究人员指出:“神经外科医生解决问题的速度差异可能源于神经外科快节奏的本质，这吸引了那些本来就有快速处理问题天赋的人，也可能是(尽管可能性不大)在关键时间情况下进行快速决策训练的产物。”）可知，神经外科医生在此方面的天赋是导致其快速处理问题的主要原因。故选B。
34. 细节理解题。第五段第一句提到“The researchers said the study was, in part, carried out to lay to rest the question of whether one of the professions had the intellectual upper hand”（研究人员说，这项研究在一定程度上是为了解决是否有一种职业在智力上占上风的问题）可知，这项研究意在解决这两种职业智力优势的争论。故选C。
35. 推理判断题。文章第一段提到了该项研究的结果“but researchers have found aerospace engineers and neurosurgeons are not necessarily brighter than the general population.”（研究人员发现，航天工程师和神经外科医生并不一定比普通人聪明）在接下来的文章内容中分别阐述了研究的内容及研究的方面。最后一段得出结论“Essentially what we think it shows is that everyone has a range of skills, some people are better at some things and other people are better at other things, and it is very difficult to be better in everything across the board.”（从本质上说，我们认为这表明每个人都有各种技能，有些人擅长某些事情，有些人擅长其他事情，要在所有方面都做得更好是很难的）由此判断，本文的主要目的是告知人们认知研究的结果。故选A。
【点睛】
七选五
36. F 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. G
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章中介绍了青少年患抑郁症的现象。青少年患抑郁症的情况越来越严重。但是，问题在于发现抑郁症很难，甚至连青少年本人都没有意识到自己的问题。专家提出，家长、老师和青少年本人都要关注青少年抑郁的问题。
36. 上文“Life can be challenging for teens. They must deal with schoolwork, family life and friends at the same time to fit. Feelings of sadness, frustration and irritability are common.”（对于青少年来说，生活是充满挑战的。他们必须同时兼顾学业、家庭生活和朋友。悲伤、沮丧和易怒的情绪是很常见的。）以及下文“Their negative feelings don't come and go. Instead, those intense feelings can point to a disease called depression—one that may require treatment”（他们的消极情绪不会来来去去。相反，这些强烈的感觉可能导致一种叫做抑郁症的疾病，可能需要治疗。）根据空前和空后内容可知，该空和上文应是转折关系。后文中提到的抑郁症是消极情绪极端化的体现。F选项：但对一些青少年来说，这些情绪发生了更极端的转变。故选F。
37. 上文“It's easy to think that depressed people simply feel sad or hopeless. For many teens that may be true”（人们很容易认为抑郁的人只是感到悲伤或绝望。对很多青少年来说，这可能是真的。）下文“Teachers, parents or even a teen's close friends may find it hard to tell whether these behaviors are just part of being a teens or signs of something truly serious”（老师、家长甚至是青少年的密友可能很难判断这些行为是青少年的一部分，还是一些真正严重的迹象。）由此推知，抑郁很难发现。D选项hard to spot切题。故选D。
38. 下文“More than three million Americans between the ages of 12 and 17 experienced depression in 2019”（2019年，超过300万12岁至17岁的美国人经历过抑郁症。）该空引出下文，A选项“受影响的比例很高”符合语境。故选A。
39. 根据下文精神健康专家Dee说的话“I can only work with what you give me”（我只会根据患者告诉我的情况开展工作。）C选项“青少年应该对自己的问题做出诚实的回答”符合语境。故选C。
40. 根据空后的“these behaviors could be a symptom of depression(这些行为可能是抑郁症的症状)”可知，该空应该指出抑郁症的一些行为。G选项“Even skipping classes can be a sign that something serious is going on(甚至逃课也可能是有严重问题发生的信号)。该选项中的even是对前文“symptoms of isolation (孤立) or hopelessness”的递进。故选G。
完型
41. B 42. D 43. B 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是当面对在超市无法购买到食物的困境时，Daniel和Nancy这对夫妇决定独立制作食物，挑战一年不购买东西吃。
41. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. dusty布满灰尘的；B. empty空的；C. firm坚固的；D. full满的。由上文的“When an infectious disease broke out”及常识可知，传染病爆发时超市的食物被抢购一空，故选B。
42. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. look for寻找；B. come across偶遇；C. run after追赶；D. rely on依靠。由后文的“they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat”可知，他们决定不再依靠别人来获取食物，故选D。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇决定开始一项为期一年的挑战，他们不买任何东西吃。A. charity慈善；B. challenge挑战；C. construction建设；D. research研究。由后文的“where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat”可知，不买任何东西吃，这对他们来说当然是一种挑战，故选B。
44. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们会种植、饲养或捕捉一切。A. However然而；B. Instead相反；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides另外。根据上文“The couple decided to start a year-long ____3____ where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat.”和下文“they would grow, raise or catch everything.”可知，上下文是对比的关系。故选B。
45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. hit袭击；B. dropped下降；C. failed失败；D. went去。根据第一段的“When an infectious disease broke out”可知，此处表示疾病来袭，空格处是“袭击”，故选A。
46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. burden负担；B. faith信念；C. push推动力；D. excuse借口。由后文的“gave us even more motivation”可知，疾病来袭给了他们额外的动力，故选C。
47. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A. confused困惑的；B. unconcerned不关心的；C. occupied忙于……的；D. unemployed失业的。根据第一段的“When an infectious disease broke out”可知，传染病爆发，他们俩失业，故选D。
48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A. teach教；B. protect保护；C. feed喂养；养活；D. control控制。由上文的“they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat. ____4____ , they would grow, raise or catch everything”可知，他们失业了，他们想看看自己是否能养活自己，故选C。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须学习很多新东西，比如如何种植蘑菇和从海洋中收集盐。A. supply供应；B. save救；C. invent发明；D. harvest收集；收获。由后文的“salt from the ocean”可知，是从海里收集盐，故选D。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体适应了在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A. admits承认；B. argues争论；C. doubts怀疑；D. denies否认。由后文的“the first few weeks were difficult”可知，丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，故选A。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体适应了在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A. demanding要求；B. quitting戒除；C. changing改变；D. consuming消耗。由后文的“coffee, wine and sugar”可知，这些东西是他们生产不出来的，所以得戒掉，故选B。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三周后，我们的精力平衡了，我们的愿望减少了，现在我们感觉很好。A. reduced减少；B. returned回来；C. existed存在；D. doubled加倍。由上文的“their bodies adjusted to ____11____ coffee, wine and sugar”可知，他们要习惯戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖，由此可知，他们的愿望减少了，故选A。
53. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在二月已经结束了。A. head头；B. stop停止；C. end结束；D. point点。由后文的“they survive winter”可知，二月已经结束了，come to an end意为“结束”，故选C。
54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. positive积极的；乐观的；B. worried担心的；C. regretful后悔的；D. bored无聊的。由上文的“they survive winter”和后文的“about continuing with this way of living”可知，他们度过了冬天，所以就对继续这种生活方式持乐观态度，故选A。
55. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. usually通常；B. bitterly痛苦地；C. merely仅仅；D. officially正式地。由“ending in August”可知，挑战将在8月正式结束。故选D。
书面表达
Be Sporty, Be Healthy
Now a common problem among students is that the vast majority of students are not engaged in activities due to their intense studies. Many students complain that they have no time for exercise, but we have all have heard of a famous saying that time is like water in a sponge, and if you squeeze, there will always be some. In my opinion, we should balance the relationship between study and exercise. Let’s insist on combining work and rest and spare time to do exercise every day.
That’s all. Thank you.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇主题为 “Be Sporty, Be Healthy”的演讲稿。
【详解】词汇积累
普遍的：common→widespread
紧张的：intense→tight
坚持：insist on→stick to
参与：be engaged in → participate in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Many students complain that they have no time for exercise, but we have all have heard of a famous saying that time is like water in a sponge, and if you squeeze, there will always be some.
拓展句：Many students complain that they have no time for exercise, but as a famous saying goes, time is like water in a sponge, and if you squeeze, there will always be some.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Now a common problem among students is that the vast majority of students are not engaged in activities due to their intense studies. (运用了that引导的表语从句)
[高分句型2] Many students complain that they have no time for exercise, but we have all have heard of a famous saying that time is like water in a sponge, and if you squeeze, there will always be some. (运用了that 引导的宾语从句及that引导的同位语从句)
续写略
青岛二中2022-2023学年第一学期期中考试
高二试题（英语）
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Books of 2020
On Monday, the American Library Association announced the top children’s books of 2020. Here are the winners.
Devotion
Author Clare Vanderpool took home the John Newbery Medal for outstanding contribution to children’s literature for Moon over Manifest. The book is about a young girl’s magical adventures in a small Kansas town, in 1936.
Vanderpool said that she was shocked to learn that she had won. “You grow up reading legendary authors like Madeleine L’Engle, but I never expected to be put in a category with her,” Vanderpool told TFK. “It’s fabulous.”
Picture This
The picture book A Sick Day for Amos McGee won the Randolph Caldecott Medal. The book was illustrated by Erin E. Stead and written by her husband, Philip C. Stead. It tells the story of an elderly zookeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s not well enough to go to work.
“I love drawing animals and I love drawing people and I love drawing the emotional connection between animals and people,” said Stead.
More Honored Books
The Coretta Scott King award, given to an African-American author and illustrator of “outstanding books for children and young adults,” went to Rita Williams-Garcia for One Crazy Summer. Set in 1968, the novel follows three sisters from Brooklyn, New York, who visit their mother, a poet who ran away years ago and lives in California.
The king prize for best-illustrated work went to Dave the Potter: Artist, Poet, Slave. The book, which was written by Laban Carrick Hill and illustrated by Bryan Collier, tells the story of a skilled potter who engraved his poems on the clay pots and jars that he made. The enslaved potter, known only as Dave, lived in South Carolina in the 1800s.
21. When she heard the news that she won the medal Vanderpool felt_________.
A. depressed. B. annoyed. C. amused. D. astonished.
22. One Crazy Summer is a _________.
A. thriller B. fiction C. adventure story D. comic book
23. From the passage, we can infer that_________
A. The book Moon over Manifest tells a story of a zookeeper and his animals.
B. The book A Sick Day for Amos McGee is written by Erin, a famous woman writer.
C. A Sick Day for Amos McGee shows us that animals can interact with humans.
D. One Crazy Summer is about a mother with her three children having a holiday in California.
B
Zheng Qinwen announced herself as a major new force in women’s tennis with an import French Open debut (首秀) last month. Now the Chinese teenager hopes the fighting spirit she showed at the Grand Slam (大满贯) tournament can encourage kids starting out in the sport to chase their dreams on the court with the same determination.
“If tennis is your dream, I think you always have to fight for your dream. Because we only have one life, you shouldn’t have any regrets,” Zheng said last week in an interview.
The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a contender at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.
Accounting for two-time Grand Slam winner Simona Halep along the way, Zheng’s journey was ended in the fourth round by a three-set defeat to eventual champion Iga Swiatek. Zheng, though gave the Polish world No. 1 a big scare, battling back from 3-0 down in the first set to force, and win, a tiebreak (平分决胜局)。
“That was the first time I had played the world No.1, so I really wanted to grab this chance so I could judge her level and test myself,” said Zheng. “I didn’t want to give her the match so easy like that. It was pretty difficult for me to hold on in that match because of what my body was going through, but I wanted to show her I'm not easily beaten.
Looking back at Zheng Qinwen’s performances in this year’s French Open, there’s no doubt that she’s a true fighter. Zheng says she avoids being discouraged by higher-ranked opponents by simply focusing on the next point, one shot at a time. Supported by her team, she hopes she can one day win a Grand Slam title.
Zheng’s impressive French Open run has inevitably led to comparisons with China’s solitary Grand Slam singles championLi Na, who won the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.
“When I was a kid, Li Na showed that Asian people also can do something really good in tennis. She was the first one. I will just focus on my own game and then let’s see if I can really compete at the highest level,” said Zheng.
24. What does the underlined word “contender” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Organizer. B. Announcer. C. Competitor. D. Designer.
25. What is the result of the match between Zheng and Ign Swiatek?
A. Iga Swiatek beat Zheng easily. B. Zheng lost to Iga Swiatek at last.
C. Zheng won the match despite her pain. D. Iga Swiatek lost because of her mistakes.
26. Why is Li Na mentioned in paragraph 7?
A. To explain why Li Na has achieved a lot
B. To prove failure is the mother of success.
C. To show how excellent Zheng Qinwen is.
D. To compare the difference between Zheng Qinwen and LI Na
27. Which of the following can best describe Zheng Qinwen?
A. Optimistic and generous. B. Struggling and determined
C. Independent and helpful. D. Adventurous and realistic.
C
Human innovation (创新) has allowed people to explore space for decades. Within a space station, astronauts have enough air, food and water to complete missions of a year or longer without a resupply. But missions to further reaches of space are a different matter. Establishing a base on the moon or sending humans to Mars seems just on the horizon. That can only happen if innovative and foolproof ways are developed to supply humans with enough air, water and food.
One company, Interstellar Labs, has developed an advanced, closed loop system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space. They call their AI managed greenhouses BioPods and they are designed to be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce food by 99 percent. That is not an impossible claim. BioPods don’t use any soil to grow plants, and the vast majority of water is recycled and recirculated.
Plants are grown inside BioPods using aeroponics, the practice of hanging plants in the air and spraying a mist of nutrient-rich water on their roots. By using aeroponics, the BioPod system carefully conserves water with amazing results. According to Interstellar labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water.
The conditions inside of a BioPod are controlled by AI, which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature and humidity to maximize growth. This optimizes (使最优化) growing conditions no matter what the environment is outside, including the emptiness of space.
The BioPods themselves can be built in almost any environment, too. The pod’s structure is made with a 3D printer using raw materials in liquid form. The inside part is sealed with an inflatable membrane (充气膜) that is also 3D-printed. This means that a BioPod could be built right on the surface of the moon or Mars, making transporting a large structure unnecessary.
Like most technology developed for space exploration, BioPods can also be used on Earth to provide highly efficient food production systems even in the harshest environments.
28. In writing paragraph 1, the author aims to____________.
A. present a topic B. make a comparison
C. reach a conclusion D. propose a definition
29. Which of the following best describes Biopods?
A. They are widely used for space exploration.
B. They are highly productive and efficient greenhouses.
C. They are easy to operate without need for soil or water.
D. They are deigned to be used in harsh environments on Earth.
30. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Food Consumption in Space Station B. Space Exploration with BioPods
C. Growing Food in Space Pods D. 3D Printers Used in Space Lab
31. What is the writer’s attitude to the BioPod?
A. Positive. B. Cautious. C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.
D
It may not be rocket science, but researchers have found aerospace engineers and neurosurgeons (神经外科医生) are not necessarily brighter than the general population.
Researchers examined data from an international group of 329 aerospace engineers and 72 brain surgeons who completed 12 tasks online using the Great British Intelligence Test.
The tasks examined various aspects of cognition (认知), including planning and reasoning, working memory, attention, and emotion processing abilities. The researchers then compared the results against those previously gathered from more than 18,000 members of the British public.
The findings, which were recently published, reveal that only neurosurgeons showed a significant difference, with quicker problem-solving speed but slower memory recall compared with the general population. “The difference in problem-solving speed exhibited by neurosurgeons might arise from the fast-paced nature of neurosurgery, which attracts those with a pre-existing talent for rapid processing, or it could be, though less likely, a product of training for rapid decision-making in time-critical situations,” the researchers noted.
The researchers said the study was, in part, carried out to lay to rest the question of whether one of the professions had the intellectual upper hand-a tension made famous by a comedy show in which a confident neurosurgeon is slapped down by an aerospace expert who says, “Brain surgery... it’s not exactly rocket science, is it?”
However, the team found few differences between the cognitive abilities of aerospace engineers and neuroscientists, although the results suggest the former had higher scores for attention and mental control—such as turning objects in one’s head—while neurosurgeons showed higher scores in semantic (语义的) problem solving—such as definitions of rare words.
“Essentially what we think it shows is that everyone has a range of skills, some people are better at some things and other people are better at other things, and it is very difficult to be better in everything across the board,” said Aswin Chari, an author of the study.
32. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The research subjects. B. The research method.
C. The research aspects. D. The research background.
33. What seemed to be the major cause of neurosurgeons’ quicker problem-solving speed shown in the study?
A. Fast development of neurosurgery. B. Talent of neurosurgeons.
C. Training for rapid decision-making. D. Nature of problem solving.
34. The study was conducted partly because the researchers .
A. attempted to answer the question asked by the aerospace expert in the show
B. were eager to solve the conflicts between neurosurgeons and aerospace engineers
C. intended to settle the argument over the intellectual superiority of the two professions
D. wanted to find out which of the two professions was more intellectually demanding
35. What is most likely to be the purpose of this text?
A. To inform people of the results of a cognitive study.
B. To encourage people to be confident in themselves.
C. To reduce prejudice against certain professions.
D. To correct misunderstandings about intelligence.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)）
阅读下列短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life can be challenging for teens. They must deal with schoolwork, family life and friends at the same time to fit. Feeling of sadness, frustration and irritability are common. _____36_____ Their negative feelings don't come and go. Instead, those intense feelings can point to a disease called depression—one that may require treatment.
It's easy to think that depressed people simply feel sad or hopeless. For many teens that may be true. _____37_____ Some kids withdraw from friends and family. Others respond with angry outbursts. Some teens may skip school or stop eating or sleeping. Teachers, parents or even a teen's close friends may find it hard to tell whether these behaviors are just part of being a teens or signs of something truly serious.
Even depressed teens may not realize they have this problem. _____38____ More than three million Americans between the ages of 12 and 17 experienced depression in 2019. However, a study by researchers at Harvard and Yale universities found that half of all teens with depression don't get help until they become adults. And only one in three will have been diagnosed by their doctor.
_____39_____ "I can only work with what you give me," Dee says, the mental-health professional in Lincoln, Neb.
Dee says, peers should also seek for signs of depression. Keep an eye on your friends, she recommends. Watch for symptoms of isolation (孤立) or hopelessness. _____40_____ Any of these behaviors could be a symptom of depression.
Overall, knowing who—and how—to help is essential for successfully treating depression in teens.
A. And the share of those affected is high.
B. Some may start abusing alcohol or drugs.
C. Teens should be honest with their answers.
D. The problem is that depression in teens can be hard to spot.
E. There is a link between mental illness and suicide in teens.
F. But for some teens, those emotions take a more extreme turn.
G. Even skipping classes can be a sign that something serious is going on.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When an infectious disease broke out and supermarket shelves were ____41____, Daniel and Nancy decided they no longer wanted to ____42____ others for food. The couple decided to start a year-long ____43____ where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat. ____44____, they would grow, raise or catch everything.
Daniel said, “It is something that we have wanted to do. When the disease 45 , it gave us that extra 46 . At that time we were both 47 , and that gave us even more motivation to see if we could 48 ourselves.” The pair built a house for chickens and ducks and studied online about where they would get all the things they needed. Daniel adds, “We had to learn so many new things like how to grow mushrooms and 49 salt from the ocean.”
Now after five months, they both feel well but Daniel 50 the first few weeks were difficult as their bodies adjusted to 51 coffee, wine and sugar all on the same day,” he says. “After three weeks our energy levels balanced out and our wishes 52 and now we feel great.” Now February has come to a(n) 53 . As they survive winter, they feel 54 about continuing with this way of living, with their challenge 55 ending in August.
41. A. dusty B. empty C. firm D. full
42. A. look for B. come across C. run after D. rely on
43. A. charity B. challenge C. construction D. research
44. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Besides
45. A. hit B. dropped C. failed D. went
46. A. burden B. faith C. push D. excuse
47. A. confused B. unconcerned C. occupied D. unemployed
48. A. teach B. protect C. feed D. control
49. A. supply B. save C. invent D. harvest
50. A. admits B. argues C. doubts D. denies
51. A. demanding B. quitting C. changing D. consuming
52. A. reduced B. returned C. existed D. doubled
53. A. head B. stop C. end D. point
54. A. positive B. worried C. regretful D. bored
55. A. usually B. instantly C. merely D. officially
第二节：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At this year’s Singles’ Day shopping spree(狂欢), domestic brand 56 (fill) up the shopping cart of Wang Xinyi, 57 university student from Chongqing in Southwest China.
“Most of us choose domestic products owing to the fact 58 they are cost-effective and high in quality.” said Wang, 59 bought daily necessities, clothes and digital products made by local brans during last week’s shopping festival.
Wang said many young Chinese 60 (increase) chose domestic brands, 61 (add) that this trend could not only satisfy consumers’ needs but incorporate(融入) traditional Chinese culture into the products.
Nearly 70% of post-90s and around 80% of post-00s generations prefer to buy domestic brands. Young consumers have 62 (strong) confidence and a higher sense of national identity than those of other groups. Overall, Chinese people's interest in domestic products increased by 528 percent 63 (compare) with 10 years ago.
The 64 (improve) in quality and branding has helped promote domestic products. Besides, their 65 (use) traditional Chinese elements and culture has made domestic brands become popular among young consumers.
第四部分 写作（共两节 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，报名参加了学校以 “Be Sporty, Be Healthy”为主题的演讲比赛。请你写一份英文演讲稿。内容包括：1.问题：因为学习紧张，疏于活动；2.建议：要合理安排，正常锻炼。注意：1.写作词数应为80词左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Be Sporty, Be Healthy
Hello, everyone!
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Adam, Nick, and Tom were best friends. Five years after their graduation from college, Nick called Adam and Tom, inviting them to celebrate his birthday on his personal yacht (游艇). They got very excited.
It was a bright and sunny summer day. As Nick was studying the safety measures of the sea journey, he saw Adam and Tum coming towards his yacht. With huge hugs and smiles on every face, the three greeted each other in their usual way. "Thank you boys for coming and making my birthday even more special," said Nick.
“But before getting started, hope you both know there is a danger zone at a particular point on this sea," warned Adam.
"Don't worry. I will stay away from it. Now let the party begin!" Nick responded, starting to turn the steering wheel (方向盘) of the yacht.
Treating the friends on the beautiful white yacht sailing on the blue water was a perfect idea. They were having a wonderful time, talking, eating and joking. How time flew! It started getting dark.
"Hey guys! It's time to go back." Tom shouted.
"Mr. Sailor, turn your ship's wheel and take us back home," said Adam.
Little did they know they were going to encounter life-threatening challenges ahead. Unknowingly, Nick crossed the danger zone Adam had mentioned earlier. When realizing this, Nick decided to make a turn immediately. Unfortunately, a strange noise came from the engine and then the yacht stopped. Expert at mending machines, Adam offered to examine the engine and asked Nick to fetch the tool box. Nick was hurrying to get it when he slipped, falling into the sea water.
"Nick!" Tom and Adam screamed.
Panicked, Nick started shouting for help. Tom rushed inside the yacht to get a life jacket to rescue Nick, but didn't find one. Instead, he found a long rope and out he rushed with it
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Just then Adam shouted on top of his voice, "Nick! Look, there's a shark behind you!?”__________________
Paragraph 2:
What they had to do was restart the yacht.______________________________________________________
英语参考答案：
A
21. D 22. B 23 C
【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国2020年最畅销的儿童图书。
21. 细节理解题。根据Devotion中的“Vanderpool said that she was shocked to learn that she had won.(Vanderpool说，得知自己获奖时她很震惊。)”可知，当Vanderpool听到她获得奖牌的消息时，她很吃惊。故选D。
22. 细节理解题。根据More Honored Books中的“Set in 1968, the novel follows three sisters from Brooklyn, New York, who visit their mother, a poet who ran away years ago and lives in California.(小说以1968年为背景，讲述了来自纽约布鲁克林的三姐妹去看望多年前离家出走的诗人母亲的故事。)”可知，One Crazy Summer是一本小说。故选B。
23. 推理判断题。根据Picture This中的“It tells the story of an elderly zookeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s not well enough to go to work.(它讲述了一位年老的动物园管理员和在他身体不太好不能上班时来看望他的动物的故事。)”可知，A Sick Day for Amos McGee向我们展示了动物可以与人类互动。故选C。
B
24. C 25. B 26. C 27. B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了19岁网球选手郑钦文在法网公开赛中取得不俗成绩，表明自己是女子网球的重要新生力量。
24. 词句猜测题。根据第三段的“The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a contender at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.(这位19岁的选手在法国网球公开赛上表现出了成为顶级网球contender的天赋)”，结合第一段的“Zheng Qinwen announced herself as a major new force in women’s tennis with an import French Open debut (首秀) last month.(上个月，郑钦文在法国网球公开赛上首次亮相，表明了自己是女子网球的重要新生力量)”可知，郑钦文在法网公开赛首次亮相就证明了自己的实力，由此可知，她有成为顶级网球选手的天赋。故划线词contender意为“选手”，与competitor同义。故选C。
25. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Zhengs journey was ended in the fourth round by a three-set defeat to eventual champion Iga Swiatek. (郑的征途在第四轮以三盘的比分被最终的冠军Iga Swiatek终结)”可知，郑最终输给了Iga Swiatek。故选B。
26. 推理判断题。根据第七段的“Zheng’s impressive French Open run has inevitably led to comparisons with China’s solitary Grand Slam singles championLi Na, who won the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.(郑在法网的出色表现不可避免地让人将其与中国唯一的大满贯单打冠军李娜进行比较。李娜曾获得2011年法网和2014年澳网冠军)”与常识可知，李娜是非常优秀的网球运动员。由此推知，提到李娜是为了表明郑在网球方面也非常优秀。故选C。
27. 推理判断题。根据第二段““If tennis is your dream, I think you always have to fight for your dream. Because we only have one life, you shouldn’t have any regrets,” Zheng said last week in an interview.(“如果网球是你的梦想，我认为你总是要为你的梦想而奋斗。因为我们只有一次生命，你不应该有任何遗憾，”郑在上周的一次采访中说)”，第三段“The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a contender at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.(这位19岁的网球选手在法国网球公开赛上表现出色，展现了她成为顶级网球选手的天赋)”和第五段的“I didn’t want to give her the match so easy like that. It was pretty difficult for me to hold on in that match because of what my body was going through, but I wanted to show her I'm not easily beaten.(我不想让她的比赛这么容易。对我来说，在那场比赛中坚持住是非常困难的，因为我的身体原因，但我想告诉她，我不是那么容易被打败的)”推知，郑是一个努力且有决心的人。故选B。
C
28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家公司开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在太空舱里种植植物，为宇航员提供食物。
28. 推理判断题。根据第一段“That can only happen if innovative and foolproof ways are developed to supply humans with enough air, water and food.(只有开发出创新和可靠的方法，为人类提供足够的空气、水和食物，这才有可能实现)”及下文“可以在太空舱里种植植物的先进闭环系统”的内容可推断，作者写作第一段是为了引出在太空舱里可以种植食物的方法这一主题。故选A。
29. 细节理解题。根据第二段“They call their AI managed greenhouses BioPods and they are designed to be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce food by 99 percent. (他们称他们的人工智能管理温室为BioPods，它们的设计非常高效。事实上，星际实验室声称，BioPods可以将生产食物所需的土地和水的数量减少99%)”和第三段“According to Interstellar labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water.(根据星际实验室的数据，BioPod种植的植物比传统种植的植物产量高300倍，只需少量的水)”可知，BioPods是高产和高效的温室。故选B。
30. 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“One company, Interstellar Labs, has developed an advanced, closed loop system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space.(一家公司，星际实验室开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在任何地方种植植物，甚至在太空中)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一家公司开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在太空舱里种植植物，为宇航员提供食物。所以“Growing Food in Space Pods(在太空舱里种植食物)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
31. 推理判断题。根据第三段“By using aeroponics, the BioPod system carefully conserves water with amazing results. According to Interstellar labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water. (通过使用空气种植法，BioPod系统谨慎地节约用水，取得了惊人的效果。根据星际穿实验室的说法，BioPod种植的植物比传统种植的植物产量高300倍，只需要少量的水)”、第四段“The conditions inside of a BioPod are controlled by AI, which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature and humidity to maximize growth. This optimizes growing conditions no matter what the environment is outside, including the emptiness of space. (BioPod内部的条件是由人工智能控制的，它可以改变从照明到温度和湿度的任何东西，以最大限度地提高生长。这优化了生长条件，无论外部环境如何，包括空间的空旷)”、第五段“The BioPods themselves can be built in almost any environment, too.(这种BioPods本身也几乎可以在任何环境下建造)”和最后一段“Like most technology developed for space exploration, BioPods can also be used on Earth to provide highly efficient food production systems even in the harshest environments.(像大多数为太空探索而开发的技术一样，在地球上，即使在最恶劣的环境中，BioPods也可以用来提供高效的食物生产系统)”可推断，作者认为BioPod有许多优点，所以对BioPod的态度是积极的。故选A。
D
32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过航天工程师和神经外科医生与1.8万名公众的智力测试结果进行比对，发现从事专业技术工作的人员只在某些领域表现较好，由此可知每个人有每个人各自擅长的方面，而在所有方面都做的很好是很难的。
32. 主旨大意题。第三段提到“The tasks examined various aspects of cognition (认知), including planning and reasoning, working memory, attention, and emotion processing abilities. The researchers then compared the results against those previously gathered from more than 18,000 members of the British public.”（这些任务检查了认知的各个方面，包括计划和推理、工作记忆、注意力和情绪处理能力。然后，研究人员将这些结果与之前从1.8万名英国公众中收集的结果进行了比较）可知，本段主要介绍了研究的方法——对比两组人的智力水平。故选B。
33. 细节理解题。第四段第二句提到“ “The difference in problem-solving speed exhibited by neurosurgeons might arise from the fast-paced nature of neurosurgery, which attracts those with a pre-existing talent for rapid processing, or it could be, though less likely, a product of training for rapid decision-making in time-critical situations,” the researchers noted. ”（研究人员指出:“神经外科医生解决问题的速度差异可能源于神经外科快节奏的本质，这吸引了那些本来就有快速处理问题天赋的人，也可能是(尽管可能性不大)在关键时间情况下进行快速决策训练的产物。”）可知，神经外科医生在此方面的天赋是导致其快速处理问题的主要原因。故选B。
34. 细节理解题。第五段第一句提到“The researchers said the study was, in part, carried out to lay to rest the question of whether one of the professions had the intellectual upper hand”（研究人员说，这项研究在一定程度上是为了解决是否有一种职业在智力上占上风的问题）可知，这项研究意在解决这两种职业智力优势的争论。故选C。
35. 推理判断题。文章第一段提到了该项研究的结果“but researchers have found aerospace engineers and neurosurgeons are not necessarily brighter than the general population.”（研究人员发现，航天工程师和神经外科医生并不一定比普通人聪明）在接下来的文章内容中分别阐述了研究的内容及研究的方面。最后一段得出结论“Essentially what we think it shows is that everyone has a range of skills, some people are better at some things and other people are better at other things, and it is very difficult to be better in everything across the board.”（从本质上说，我们认为这表明每个人都有各种技能，有些人擅长某些事情，有些人擅长其他事情，要在所有方面都做得更好是很难的）由此判断，本文的主要目的是告知人们认知研究的结果。故选A。
【点睛】
七选五
36. F 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. G
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章中介绍了青少年患抑郁症的现象。青少年患抑郁症的情况越来越严重。但是，问题在于发现抑郁症很难，甚至连青少年本人都没有意识到自己的问题。专家提出，家长、老师和青少年本人都要关注青少年抑郁的问题。
36. 上文“Life can be challenging for teens. They must deal with schoolwork, family life and friends at the same time to fit. Feelings of sadness, frustration and irritability are common.”（对于青少年来说，生活是充满挑战的。他们必须同时兼顾学业、家庭生活和朋友。悲伤、沮丧和易怒的情绪是很常见的。）以及下文“Their negative feelings don't come and go. Instead, those intense feelings can point to a disease called depression—one that may require treatment”（他们的消极情绪不会来来去去。相反，这些强烈的感觉可能导致一种叫做抑郁症的疾病，可能需要治疗。）根据空前和空后内容可知，该空和上文应是转折关系。后文中提到的抑郁症是消极情绪极端化的体现。F选项：但对一些青少年来说，这些情绪发生了更极端的转变。故选F。
37. 上文“It's easy to think that depressed people simply feel sad or hopeless. For many teens that may be true”（人们很容易认为抑郁的人只是感到悲伤或绝望。对很多青少年来说，这可能是真的。）下文“Teachers, parents or even a teen's close friends may find it hard to tell whether these behaviors are just part of being a teens or signs of something truly serious”（老师、家长甚至是青少年的密友可能很难判断这些行为是青少年的一部分，还是一些真正严重的迹象。）由此推知，抑郁很难发现。D选项hard to spot切题。故选D。
38. 下文“More than three million Americans between the ages of 12 and 17 experienced depression in 2019”（2019年，超过300万12岁至17岁的美国人经历过抑郁症。）该空引出下文，A选项“受影响的比例很高”符合语境。故选A。
39. 根据下文精神健康专家Dee说的话“I can only work with what you give me”（我只会根据患者告诉我的情况开展工作。）C选项“青少年应该对自己的问题做出诚实的回答”符合语境。故选C。
40. 根据空后的“these behaviors could be a symptom of depression(这些行为可能是抑郁症的症状)”可知，该空应该指出抑郁症的一些行为。G选项“Even skipping classes can be a sign that something serious is going on(甚至逃课也可能是有严重问题发生的信号)。该选项中的even是对前文“symptoms of isolation (孤立) or hopelessness”的递进。故选G。
完型
41. B 42. D 43. B 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是当面对在超市无法购买到食物的困境时，Daniel和Nancy这对夫妇决定独立制作食物，挑战一年不购买东西吃。
41. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. dusty布满灰尘的；B. empty空的；C. firm坚固的；D. full满的。由上文的“When an infectious disease broke out”及常识可知，传染病爆发时超市的食物被抢购一空，故选B。
42. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. look for寻找；B. come across偶遇；C. run after追赶；D. rely on依靠。由后文的“they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat”可知，他们决定不再依靠别人来获取食物，故选D。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇决定开始一项为期一年的挑战，他们不买任何东西吃。A. charity慈善；B. challenge挑战；C. construction建设；D. research研究。由后文的“where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat”可知，不买任何东西吃，这对他们来说当然是一种挑战，故选B。
44. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们会种植、饲养或捕捉一切。A. However然而；B. Instead相反；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides另外。根据上文“The couple decided to start a year-long ____3____ where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat.”和下文“they would grow, raise or catch everything.”可知，上下文是对比的关系。故选B。
45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. hit袭击；B. dropped下降；C. failed失败；D. went去。根据第一段的“When an infectious disease broke out”可知，此处表示疾病来袭，空格处是“袭击”，故选A。
46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. burden负担；B. faith信念；C. push推动力；D. excuse借口。由后文的“gave us even more motivation”可知，疾病来袭给了他们额外的动力，故选C。
47. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A. confused困惑的；B. unconcerned不关心的；C. occupied忙于……的；D. unemployed失业的。根据第一段的“When an infectious disease broke out”可知，传染病爆发，他们俩失业，故选D。
48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A. teach教；B. protect保护；C. feed喂养；养活；D. control控制。由上文的“they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat. ____4____ , they would grow, raise or catch everything”可知，他们失业了，他们想看看自己是否能养活自己，故选C。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须学习很多新东西，比如如何种植蘑菇和从海洋中收集盐。A. supply供应；B. save救；C. invent发明；D. harvest收集；收获。由后文的“salt from the ocean”可知，是从海里收集盐，故选D。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体适应了在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A. admits承认；B. argues争论；C. doubts怀疑；D. denies否认。由后文的“the first few weeks were difficult”可知，丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，故选A。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体适应了在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A. demanding要求；B. quitting戒除；C. changing改变；D. consuming消耗。由后文的“coffee, wine and sugar”可知，这些东西是他们生产不出来的，所以得戒掉，故选B。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三周后，我们的精力平衡了，我们的愿望减少了，现在我们感觉很好。A. reduced减少；B. returned回来；C. existed存在；D. doubled加倍。由上文的“their bodies adjusted to ____11____ coffee, wine and sugar”可知，他们要习惯戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖，由此可知，他们的愿望减少了，故选A。
53. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在二月已经结束了。A. head头；B. stop停止；C. end结束；D. point点。由后文的“they survive winter”可知，二月已经结束了，come to an end意为“结束”，故选C。
54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. positive积极的；乐观的；B. worried担心的；C. regretful后悔的；D. bored无聊的。由上文的“they survive winter”和后文的“about continuing with this way of living”可知，他们度过了冬天，所以就对继续这种生活方式持乐观态度，故选A。
55. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. usually通常；B. bitterly痛苦地；C. merely仅仅；D. officially正式地。由“ending in August”可知，挑战将在8月正式结束。故选D。
书面表达
Be Sporty, Be Healthy
Now a common problem among students is that the vast majority of students are not engaged in activities due to their intense studies. Many students complain that they have no time for exercise, but we have all have heard of a famous saying that time is like water in a sponge, and if you squeeze, there will always be some. In my opinion, we should balance the relationship between study and exercise. Let’s insist on combining work and rest and spare time to do exercise every day.
That’s all. Thank you.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇主题为 “Be Sporty, Be Healthy”的演讲稿。
【详解】词汇积累
普遍的：common→widespread
紧张的：intense→tight
坚持：insist on→stick to
参与：be engaged in → participate in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Many students complain that they have no time for exercise, but we have all have heard of a famous saying that time is like water in a sponge, and if you squeeze, there will always be some.
拓展句：Many students complain that they have no time for exercise, but as a famous saying goes, time is like water in a sponge, and if you squeeze, there will always be some.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Now a common problem among students is that the vast majority of students are not engaged in activities due to their intense studies. (运用了that引导的表语从句)
[高分句型2] Many students complain that they have no time for exercise, but we have all have heard of a famous saying that time is like water in a sponge, and if you squeeze, there will always be some. (运用了that 引导的宾语从句及that引导的同位语从句)
续写略
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