山东省滨州市2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山东省滨州市2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析），共26页。

2022-2023学年上学期期中质量监测
高二英语
注意事项：
1. 本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。
3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the woman usually do on Friday evenings?
A.Watch TV.
B.Play chess.
C.Visit her parents.
2.Why is the woman talking to the man?
A.To ask for directions.
B.To know the current time.
C.To make friends with him.
3.What will the man do on Sunday night?
A.Go shopping with Debbie.
B.Choose a present for Debbie.
C.Attend Debbie’s birthday party.
4.What time is it now?
A.1:00 p.m.
B.6:00 p.m.
C.7:00 p.m.
5.Why does the man oppose Joan’s joining their group?
A.She is lacking in confidence.
B.She always does work slowly.
C.She always refuses others’ advice.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What did the woman ask the man to do at first?
A.Prepare for his exams.
B.Watch a movie with her.
C.Finish his math homework.
7.Which exam did the man take on Tuesday?
A.Physics.
B.Biology.
C.Chemistry.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Why did the woman use her phone to take notes today?
A.It’s much quicker to type.
B.She forgot to take her laptop.
C.Something is wrong with her pen.
9.What does the man ask the woman to do as punishment?
A.To go to the office.
B.To do extra homework.
C.To hand her phone over for the day.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What has the woman been doing since 8:00 a.m.?
A.Working.
B.Preparing lunch.
C.Enjoying a coffee.
11.What does the man always get from the food truck?
A.A burger.
B.Coffee.
C.A sandwich.
12.Why do the speakers need to hurry up?
A.The truck is far away.
B.Theyare late for work.
C.There might be no food left.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What does the man prefer to do to fight off a cold?
A.Get a good long sleep.
B.Have some hot water.
C.See a doctor.
14.What will the woman do on tomorrow morning?
A.Attend a meeting.
B.Have a rest.
C.Buy some juice.
15.What does the man think of the common cold?
A.There is no cure for it.
B.Unfit people catch it easily.
C.It takes long to recover from it.
16.What does the woman think she needs in the end?
A.Healthy food.
B.Good medicine.
C.Weekly exercise.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Why does the man make the speech?
A.To welcome the guests.
B.To explain the schedule.
C.To describe the destinations.
18.Where does the speech probably take place?
A.On a ship.
B.At a travel office.
C.At an airport.
19.Which direction is the journey from Palermo to Barcelona?
A.Southeast.
B.Northeast.
CNorthwest.
20.What will the speaker probably do next?
A.Take a rest
B.Prepare for the journey.
C.Wait for a bus.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Can you regain the thrill of reading that you experienced as a child? Time to dust off some of the best childhood classics ever written.
Heidi by Johanna Spyri
This is the story of five-year-old Heidi, an orphan (孤儿) who is sent to live with her rough grandfather in the Swiss Alps and charms everyone she meets with her sunny personality-from the scary grandfather to Peter the shepherd, his blind grandmother and, in fact, the goats.
What Katy Did by Susan Coolidge
It tells the story of rebellious (叛逆的) Katy Carr and her violent brothers and sisters running relatively wild, despite the best efforts of their father and long-suffering aunt. There are a lot of life lessons provided in these pages but it’s never high-handed, always gentle and quietly inspiring.
The Story of Holly and Ivy by Rumer Godden
This story is about magic, Christmas and the power of making wishes. The series of events that bring Holly and Ivy together wouldn’t stand up in real life for a nano-second, but the story is so movingly told that every time you read it, your faith is restored in the wonder of Christmas-a time when dreams come true and wonders can happen.
The Flight of the Doves by Walter Macken
It presents the fast, crazy and hair-raising journey of orphaned brothers and sisters Finn and Derval Dove, on the run across England to escape the control of their evil stepfather and reach their beloved Irish granny in the west of Ireland.
1. Which of the following best describes What Katy Did?
A. Wild.
B. Violent.
C. Abstract.
D. Encouraging.
2. What kind of book is The Story of Holly and Ivy?
A. A folk tale.
B. A fantasy story
C. A legend story.
D. A science fiction
3. What do Heidi and The Flight of the Doves have in common?
A. They tell about a bad father.
B. Their stories happen in Britain.
C. They are about a frightening trip.
D. Their main characters lose parents.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些最好的童年经典著作。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据What Katy Did by Susan Coolidge中的“There are a lot of life lessons provided in these pages but it’s never high-handed, always gentle and quietly inspiring.( 在这些页面上提供了许多人生课程，但它从来都不是专横的，总是温柔和安静的鼓舞人心)”可知Heidi What Katy Did这本书是鼓舞人心的，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Story of Holly and Ivy by Rumer Godden中的“This story is about magic, Christmas and the power of making wishes.( 这个故事是关于魔法、圣诞节和许愿的力量的)”可知The Story of Holly and Ivy是一本奇幻故事，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Heidi by Johanna Spyri中的“This is the story of five-year-old Heidi, an orphan(孤儿)( 这是一个5岁的孤儿海蒂的故事)”和The Flight of the Doves by Walter Macken中的“It presents the fast, crazy and hair-raising journey of orphaned brothers and sisters Finn and Derval Dove (这部电影讲述了孤儿兄弟芬恩和德瓦尔·达夫的快速、疯狂和令人毛骨悚然的旅程)”可知这两部书的主人公都是孤儿，故选D。
B
Frederick Banting hated school. Having grown up on a farm near Alliston, Ontario, Fred was a good worker but felt uncomfortable and unaccepted in a town school. After graduation, he began studies to become a minister. When that did not go well, he changed his goal to medicine. World War I arrived, and the great need for field medics (救护人员) resulted in the early graduation of Fred. After the war, the young Canadian doctor returned home to set up his practice. Just then he began to focus on articles on diabetes (糖尿病), a disease that had claimed the life of a neighbour’s child.
To solve the problem of this disease, Fred approached Dr. J. J. R. Macleod at the University of Toronto and eventually convinced Dr. Macleod to support him. In 1920, Fred happily entered a poorly equipped laboratory and was given a young assistant named Charles Best. Fred and Charles worked day and night, but early results in producing the hormone (激素) preparation they called insulin (胰岛素) were discouraging. Many of the animals they treated died. Finally one animal survived for several weeks. The team appeared to be finally getting somewhere, and it was time to move on to human subjects. Before treating human patients, however, Fred and Charles tested the safety of their insulin each other. Their tests were a triumph.
The first patient to be treated was a fourteen-year-old boy named Leonard. The year was 1921. The poor boy weighed only seventy-five pounds, and he was barely alive. But the new insulin treatment administered by Fred and Charles was a great success. Leonard gained weight, and his health dramatically improved.
In 1923, the Nobel Prize in medicine was awarded jointly to Canadian doctors Frederick Banting and J. J. R. Macleod. Fred could have made himself a millionaire with his discovery. Instead, he sold his patent for the production of insulin to the University of Toronto-for one dollar-so that the drug could be marketed cheaply and thousands of lives could be saved and improved. Thanks to Fred, diabetics are able to live normal lives where before it was impossible.
4. What does paragraph I focus on?
A. Why Fred graduated early.
B. How Fred took up the research.
C. Why Fred changed his life goal.
D. What Fred experienced in the war.
5. What does the underlined word “triumph” mean in paragraph2?
A. Victory.
B. Reference.
C. Challenge.
D. Demonstration.
6. Why did Fred sell his patent?
A. To make money.
B. To earn reputation.
C. To benefit patients.
D. To promote insulin.
7. Which of the following is probably the best title for the text?
A. A Successful Test
B. A Famous Doctor
C. An Unlikely Hero
D. A Great Discovery
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了无名英雄Fred在一战后投身于糖尿病研究，在Macleod博士的支持下研制出胰岛素，并在1923年获得诺贝尔奖。本可以成为百万富翁，但最终Fred以一美元的价格卖掉了该专利，希望能让更多的病人得到救治。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段“After graduation, he began studies to become a minister. When that did not go well, he changed his goal to medicine. World War I arrived, and the great need for field medics (救护人员) resulted in the early graduation of Fred. After the war, the young Canadian doctor returned home to set up his practice. Just then he began to focus on articles on diabetes (糖尿病), a disease that had claimed the life of a neighbour’s child. (毕业后，他开始学习成为一名牧师。当事情进展不顺利时，他把目标转向了医学。第一次世界大战到来，对战地医生的巨大需求导致Fred提前毕业。战争结束后，这位年轻的加拿大医生回到家中开始行医。就在那时，他开始专注于糖尿病方面的文章，一种夺去邻居孩子生命的疾病)”以时间顺序讲述了Fred毕业后的一系列发展：从学习成为牧师到战地医生再到最后开始研究糖尿病。所以第一段重点是Fred是如何开始从事这项（糖尿病）研究的。故答案为B。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。第二段“Their tests were a triumph.”中的Their tests指代Fred 和Charles在他们自己身上做的胰岛素实验。根据前一句“Before treating human patients, however, Fred and Charles tested the safety of their insulin each other. (然而，在治疗人类患者之前，Fred 和Charles相互测试了胰岛素的安全性)”可知，在真正治疗人类病人之前，他们首先要在自己身上做实验查看效果。再根据第三段“But the new insulin treatment administered by Fred and Charles was a great success. Leonard gained weight, and his health dramatically improved. (但Fred 和Charles实施的新胰岛素治疗取得了巨大成功。Leonard 体重增加，他的健康状况显著改善)”可知他们治疗的第一个病人取得成功，由此推测出，Fred和Charles在自己身上的实验成功之后，他们才会真正去治疗人类病人且取得成功。故划线部分triumph是“成功”的含义。故答案为A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Instead, he sold his patent for the production of insulin to the University of Toronto-for one dollar-so that the drug could be marketed cheaply and thousands of lives could be saved and improved. (相反，他以一美元的价格将自己的胰岛素生产专利卖给了多伦多大学，这样这种药物就能廉价上市，挽救和改善成千上万的生命)”可知Fred卖出专利的原因是想让更多的病人得到救治，所以C选项“让病人受益”符合题意。故答案为C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了无名英雄Fred在战后投身于糖尿病研究，在Macleod博士的支持下研制出胰岛素，并在1923年获得诺贝尔奖。本可以成为百万富翁，但最终Fred以一美元的价格卖掉了该专利希望能让更多的病人得到救治，所以C选项“一位难以置信的英雄”可以作为文章标题。故答案为C。
C
The debate over which is the true ocean top predator (捕食者) has finally been put to bed，after scientists released the first-ever video study of killer whales hunting and killing great white sharks off the coast of South Africa.
This week scientists from Rhodes and Stellenbosch universities in South Africa released extended drone (无人机) and helicopter videos shot during the summer that provides unanswerable proof that killer whales use their famous pack hunting skills to catch and feed on the largest shark species.The videos shows three killer whales encircling and eventually killing a great white shark. Study authors say at least three sharks were killed by the small group during an hour-long hunt.
Killer whales have been recorded catching and feeding on other shark species and in 2019 videos appeared of a group killing a healthy adult blue whale estimated to measure between 18 and 22 meters in length.
“Their group hunting methods make them unbelievably effectivepredators,” said marine mammal specialist Simon Elwen,who co-authored the study.Weighing up to 9 tons and armed with large conical (圆锥形) teeth，the killer whales’ impressive organ structure aids in battles against dangerous and oversized enemies.But it is intelligence and cooperative behavior that gives the species its real edge over the competitionThe so-called karate chop (空手道) is a favored technique in shark hunting,by which the whale will give powerful tail strikes to the head of the fish.Killer whales then turn over the shark onto its back，making the prey (猎物) inactive and defenseless.
Killer whales in different regions show preference for different prey animals, suggesting that some hunting techniques are learned behaviors passed down through the generations. Some communities prefer feeding on schools of salmon and herring while others might mainly target seals.
8. Which of the following was previously thought to be the real ocean top predators?
A. The seal.
B. The blue shark.
C. The killer whale.
D. The white shark.
9. Why does the author mention the videos in 2019?
A. To make comparisons.
B. To provide further proof.
C. To introduce the topic.
D. To explain the argument.
10. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us?
A. The wisdom of killer whales.
B. The advantages killer whales have.
C. The body structure of killer whales.
D. The hunting techniques killer whales have.
11. What can we learn about killer whales from the last paragraph?
A. They live in groups.
B. They have the same taste.
C. They pass on habitats to their young.
D. They are born with great hunting skills.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了科学家们发布了首个虎鲸在南非海岸猎杀大白鲨的视频研究后，关于哪一种是真正的海洋顶部捕食者的争论终于平息了，即虎鲸才是真正的顶级捕食者。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The debate over which is the true ocean top predator has finally been put to bed，after scientists released the first-ever video study of killer whales hunting and killing great white sharks off the coast of South Africa.”(科学家们发布了首个虎鲸在南非海岸猎杀大白鲨的视频研究后，关于哪一种是真正的海洋顶部捕食者的争论终于平息了。)故可推知，大白鲨以前被认为是真正的海洋顶级捕食者。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“This week scientists from Rhodes and Stellenbosch universities in South Africa released extended drone and helicopter videos shot during the summer that provides unanswerable proof that killer whales use their famous pack hunting skills to catch and feed on the largest shark species.”(本周，来自南非罗德大学和斯泰伦博斯大学的科学家发布了夏季拍摄的无人机和直升机视频，提供了无可辩驳的证据，证明虎鲸利用它们著名的群体狩猎技能捕捉并捕食最大的鲨鱼物种。)提到有证据证明，虎鲸是是真正的海洋顶端捕食者。再结合第三段“Killer whales have been recorded catching and feeding on other shark species and in 2019 videos appeared of a group killing a healthy adult blue whale estimated to measure between 18 and 22 meters in length.”(虎鲸曾被记录到捕食其他鲨鱼物种，2019年出现了一群虎鲸杀死一头健康成年蓝鲸的视频，据估计，成年蓝鲸的体长在18至22米之间。)介绍2019年的视频，故可推知，作者提到2019年的视频是为了提供进一步的证据，证明虎鲸是真正的顶级捕食者。故选B项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Their group hunting methods make them unbelievably effective predators,” said marine mammal specialist Simon Elwen, who co-authored the study. Weighing up to 9 tons and armed with large conical teeth，the killer whales＇ impressive organ structure aids in battles against dangerous and oversized enemies. But it is intelligence and cooperative behavior that gives the species its real edge over the competition. The so-called karate chop is a favored technique in shark hunting, by which the whale will give powerful tail strikes to the head of the fish. Killer whales then turn over the shark onto its back，making the prey inactive and defenseless.”(海洋哺乳动物专家西蒙·艾尔文是这项研究的合著者，他说：“它们的群体捕猎方式使它们成为令人难以置信的有效捕食者。”虎鲸重达9吨，拥有巨大的圆锥形牙齿，令人印象深刻的器官结构有助于对抗危险和超大的敌人。但它的智慧和合作行为赋予了该物种在竞争中真正的优势。所谓的空手道斩是鲨鱼捕猎中最受欢迎的技术，通过这种技术，鲸鱼会用尾巴有力地击打鱼的头部。然后虎鲸把鲨鱼翻到它的背上，使猎物失去活动能力和防御能力。)可知，第四段主要告诉我们虎鲸的优势。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Killer whales in different regions show preference for different prey animals, suggesting that some hunting techniques are learned behaviors passed down through the generations. Some communities prefer feeding on schools of salmon and herring while others might mainly target seals.”（不同区域的虎鲸对不同的猎物表现出偏好，这表明一些捕猎技巧是代代相传的习得行为。一些群落更喜欢捕食成群的鲑鱼和鲱鱼，而另一些则主要以海豹为目标。）故可推知，从最后一段我们能了解到虎鲸是群居生活的。故选A项。
D
The popularity of smartphones means most of us rely on smartphones rather than our memory to keep track of important information, such as appointments or a to-do list. Yet despite fears users may to come Suffer from“digital dementia(痴呆)”，finding their ability to keep information worsens they increasingly rely on devices as a form of “external memory”, a study has found the opposite could be true. Storing crucial pieces of information on an electronic device does not rot your memory skills and can actually boost your ability to remember things you would otherwise forget.
Researchers took 158 volunteers aged between 18 and 71 and showed them up to 12 numbered circles on a screen. Some of the circles would briefly appear pink or blue before all fading to a yellow colour, indicating that they had to be dragged to either the pink side of the blue side of the screen at a later point. Some of the circles were classed as “high value”, some as “low value” and some as “zero value”. Users had to remember which side of the screen to drag the circles to in order to earn points. In some of the experiments they had to rely on their own memories. In others, they could set an electronic reminder on a device.
Researchers found subjects tended to use digital devices to store information about which were the highest-value circles. This led to an 18 percent increase in accuracy when placing these circles. They also found, to their surprise, using electronic reminders for high-value circles led to a 27 percent increase in accuracy when differentiating(区分)from memory between the low and zero-value circles, even when no electronic reminders had been set for these.
Dr Sam Gilbert, from UCL’s Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, said: “The results show that extremal memory tools work. Far from causing ‘digital dementia’, using an extremal memory device can even improve our memory for information that we never saved electronically.”
12. What is the result of the study?
A. Cellphones slow us down.
B. Cellphones ruin our health.
C. Cellphones lead to addiction.
D. Cellphones improve memory.
13. How could the volunteers earn points?
A. By putting the circles in place.
B. By telling the value of the circles.
C. By identifying the colour of the circles.
D. By remembering the number of the circles.
14. What does the underlined word “these” refer to in paragraph3?
A. Subjects.
B. The high-value circles.
C. Digital devices.
D. The low and zero-value circles.
15. What is Dr Sam’s attitude to storing information on an electronic device?
A. Critical.
B. Unclear.
C. Favorable.
D. Objective.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了将重要信息储存在电子设备上并不会腐蚀人的记忆能力，反而能提高记住可能会忘记的东西的能力。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“a study has found the opposite could be true. Storing crucial pieces of information on an electronic device does not rot your memory skills and can actually boost your ability to remember things you would otherwise forget(一项研究发现，事实可能恰恰相反。将重要信息储存在电子设备上并不会腐蚀你的记忆能力，反而能提高你记住可能会忘记的东西的能力)”可知，这项研究的结果证明手机提高了记忆力。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Users had to remember which side of the screen to drag the circles to in order to earn points(用户必须记住将圆圈拖到屏幕的哪一边才能获得积分)”可知，志愿者通过把圆圈放到位来获得分数。故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“They also found, to their surprise, using electronic reminders for high-value circles led to a 27 percent increase in accuracy when differentiating(区分)from memory between the low and zero-value circles (他们还发现，让他们惊讶的是，在区分低值圆和零值圆时，使用电子提醒对高值圆的准确率提高了27%)”以及“even when no electronic reminders had been set (即使没有设置电子提醒)”可知，在区分低值圆和零值圆时，即使没有设置电子提醒，使用电子提醒对高值圆的准确率也提高了27%。划线处和D项：The low and zero-value circles(低值和零值圆)含义相近。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Far from causing ‘digital dementia’, using an extremal memory device can even improve our memory for information that we never saved electronically(使用极端的记忆设备不仅不会导致“数字痴呆”，甚至还能提高我们对从未通过电子方式保存的信息的记忆)”可知，Dr Sam’s对在电子设备上存储信息的态度是赞成的。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Asking for help can feel scary. We may worry that the request will be rejected or that it will be a burden to the helper.____16____ And afterward, they often feel better about having helped than we expect.
Scientists conducted a series of six experiments. Altogether, more than 2,100 people were involved in the research. In one experiment, participants had to ask strangers to take their photo at a public botanical garden. In another, participants answered questions about times when they had either asked for or given help. Researchers had the “askers” guess how the “helpers” might feel about the request.____17____
In each experiment, people who asked for help underestimated the helpers’ willingness to assist and how good they would feel afterward.____18____However, only four out of 100 people refused to take the photo, and those who did take one said they felt relatively good about doing this helpful act for a stranger.
____19____ Aiding others can create what is known as a “helper’s high”, reducing stress and providing a sense of meaning and connection. “We feel good making a positive difference in other people’s lives,” said Xuan Zhao, coauthor of the new study.
Despite these benefits, the study authors said that askers’ fears functioned like “barriers”, stopping them from making a request. They noted that the type of request and cultural differences could affect the way people react. The study’s results suggest, however, that people are usually happy to lend a hand.____20____ Zhao said this research should provide some reassurance because “you might be really underestimating how willing others are to help.”
A. The askers expressed rather different opinions.
B. Then they asked the helpers how they actually felt.
C. Studies show that helping someone out makes both feel good.
D. Past research has shown that doing kind acts can boost people’s health.
E. But new research shows that people are more willing to help out than we think.
F. Experts say that if asking for help feels uncomfortable, it can be useful to practice.
G. For example, askers expected strangers to feel inconvenienced by a request to take a photo.
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. G 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。文章讲述了科学家们进行了一系列实验，参与者必须要求陌生人在公共植物园拍照。要么请求帮助，要么给予帮助。而研究的结果表明，人们通常乐于伸出援手。
【16题详解】
由前文“We may worry that the request will be rejected or that it will be a burden to the helper. (我们可能会担心请求会被拒绝，或者会给帮助者带来负担。)”和后文“And afterward,they often feel better about having helped than we expect. (之后，他们往往对帮助的感觉比我们预期的要好。)”可知，横线处的句子要承上启下，由担心会被拒绝到比预期效果要好可以推测横线处的句子表示转折，E选项的but符合语境。故选E项。
【17题详解】
由前文“In another,participants answered questions about times when they had either asked for or given help.Researchers had the “askers” guess how the “helpers” might feel about the request. (在另一项研究中，参与者回答了有关他们何时请求或给予帮助的问题。研究人员让“提问者”猜测“帮助者”对请求的感受。)”可知，横线处的句子要与之承接，B选项的helpers与上文的helpers对应，符合语境。故选B项。
【18题详解】
由前文“In each experiment,people who asked for help underestimated the helpers’willingness to assist and how good they would feel afterward. (在每个实验中，寻求帮助的人都低估了帮助者的意愿以及他们之后的感觉有多好。)”和后文“However,only four out of 100 people refused to take the photo,and those who did take one said they felt relatively good about doing this helpful act for a stranger. (然而，100人中只有4人拒绝拍照，而那些拍照的人说，他们觉得为陌生人做这个有用的行为相对较好。)”可知，横线处的句子承上启下，G选项的a request to take a photo与后文的 refused to take the photo相对应，符合语境。故选G项。
【19题详解】
由后文“Aiding others can create what is known as a “helper’s high,“ reducing stress and providing a sense of meaning and connection. (帮助他人可以创造所谓的“帮助者的快感”，减轻压力并提供意义感和联系感。)”可知，横线处的句子要能够引出下文，D选项的boost people’s health和后文的reducing stress and providing a sense of meaning and connection相对应，符合语境。故选D项。
【20题详解】
由最后一段首句“Despite these benefits, the study authors said that askers’ fears functioned like “barriers,” stopping them from making a request. (尽管有这些好处，研究作者说，提问者的恐惧就像“障碍”一样，阻止他们提出要求。)”和前文“The study’s results suggest, however, that people are usually happy to lend a hand. (然而，该研究的结果表明，人们通常乐于伸出援手。)”和后文“Zhao said this research should provide some reassurance because “you might be really underestimating how willing others are to help.” (赵说，这项研究应该提供一些保证，因为“你可能真的低估了别人提供帮助的意愿。”)”可知，横线出的句子起着承上启下的作用，要与提问者的恐惧以及帮助者乐于提供帮助相关，F选项符合语境。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A daughter complained to her father that her life was miserable. She didn’t know how she was going to ____21____ it. It seemed just as one problem was solved, another one soon____22____. She was always worried and ____23____ of fighting and struggling all the time.
Her father, a chef, took her to the ____24____. He filled three pots with water and ____25____ each on a high fire. Once the water began to boil, he put potatoes, eggs and ground coffee beans into the pots ____26____. After twenty minutes he____27____ the burners. He put the potatoes and eggs in a bowl and dished the coffee out into a cup.
“Look closer”, he explained the potatoes, the eggs and coffee beans had each faced the same ____28____ the boiling water. However, each one ____29____ differently.
The potato became ____30____ and soft in boiling water. ____31____ being fragile(易碎的),the egg became hard inside. However, the ground coffee beans were ____32____. After they were exposed to the boiling water, they changed the water and ____33____ something new, whose rich sweet smell makes people ____34____
The father asked “When trouble knocks on your door, are you a potato, an egg, or a coffee bean?” These words made the daughter lost in thought and seemed to cast____35____ on her attitude to life.
21. A. manage B. switch C. grasp D. defend
22. A. poured B. followed C. integrated D. joined
23. A. afraid B. fond C. aware D. tired
24. A. restaurant B. market C. kitchen D. restroom
25. A. struck B. placed C. pushed D. lifted
26. A. impatiently B. separately C. totally D. accidentally
27. A. turned off B. broke down C. took away D. straightened up
28. A. aim B. setting C. choice D. trouble
29. A. expanded B. reacted C. responded D. struggled
30. A. big B. rotten C. weak D. fresh
31. A. Apart from B. As for C. Instead of D. Due to
32. A. secure B. strange C. similar D. unique
33. A. linked B. tackled C. created D. added
34. A. surprised B. excited C. amused D. addicted
35. A. light B. doubt C. shadow D. attention
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍一个女孩告诉爸爸她不知道生活如何成功，厌倦于努力，奋斗，想放弃，爸爸将她带到厨房，用胡萝卜，鸡蛋和咖啡分别在锅里面煮，让孩子看这三种东西的反应，从而启发孩子在逆境的时候应该怎么做。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不知道该怎么处理。A. manage管理；B. switch转变；C. grasp掌握；D. defend保卫。根据上句“A daughter complained to her father that her life was miserable(一个女儿向她的父亲抱怨她的生活很悲惨)”可知，她的生活很悲惨，她不知道该怎么处理。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎一个问题刚解决，另一个问题很快就会随之而来。A. poured倾倒，倒出；B. followed跟着；C. integrated合并；D. joined参加。根据上文“A daughter complained to her father that her life was miserable(一个女儿向她的父亲抱怨她的生活很悲惨)”可知，一个问题解决，另一个问题随之出现。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她总是担心，厌倦了一直在奋斗和挣扎。A. afraid害怕的；B. fond喜爱的；C. aware知道的，明白的；D. tired感到疲劳；厌倦。根据本句中“fighting and struggling all the time.( 一直在奋斗和挣扎)”可知，她厌倦了一直在奋斗和挣扎，be tired of…厌倦……。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲是一名厨师，他把她带到厨房。A. restaurant餐厅；B. market市场；C. kitchen厨房；D. restroom洗手间。根据本句“Her father, a chef(她的父亲是一名厨师)”可知，爸爸带她到了厨房。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把三个罐子装满水，放在大火上烧。A. struck打，撞；B. placed放置；C. pushed推；D. lifted举起。根据本句“on a high fire (放在大火上)”可知，爸爸把三个罐子放在大火上烧。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当水开始沸腾时，他将土豆、鸡蛋和磨碎的咖啡豆分别放入锅中。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. separately单独地，分别地；C. totally总共地；D. accidentally意外地，偶然地。根据后文“He put the potatoes and eggs in a bowl and dished the coffee out into a cup (他把土豆和鸡蛋放在碗里，把咖啡倒进杯子里)”可知，他将土豆、鸡蛋和磨碎的咖啡豆分别放入锅中。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：二十分钟后，他关掉了炉子。A. turned off关掉；B. broke down打破；C. took away拿走，取走；D. straightened up改正；清理。根据后文“He put the potatoes and eggs in a bowl and dished the coffee out into a cup (他把土豆和鸡蛋放在碗里，把咖啡倒进杯子里)”可知，爸爸关掉了炉子。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，土豆、鸡蛋和咖啡豆都面临着同样的麻烦——沸水。A. aim目标；B. setting放置；C. choice选择；D. trouble困难。根据本句“ the boiling water(沸水)”可知，这是土豆、鸡蛋和咖啡豆都面临的困难。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，每个的反应都不同。A. expanded扩大；B. reacted反应；C. responded回复；D. struggled奋斗、努力。根据后文“The potato became ____10____ and soft in boiling water. ____11____ being fragile(易碎的),the egg became hard inside(土豆在沸水里变得又软又软。鸡蛋的内部变得坚硬，而不是脆弱。然而，磨碎的咖啡豆是独一无二的)”可知，每个的反应都不同。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：土豆在沸水里变得又软又软。A. big大的；B. rotten腐烂的，发臭的；C. weak虚弱的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据本句“and soft in boiling water (在沸水里变软)”可知，土豆在沸水里变得又弱又软。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：鸡蛋的内部变得坚硬，而不是脆弱。A. Apart from远离，除……之外；B. As for关于，至于；C. Instead of代替；D. Due to由于。根据本句“the egg became hard inside (鸡蛋的内部变硬了)”可知，鸡蛋的内部变得坚硬，而不是脆弱。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，磨碎的咖啡豆是独一无二的。A. secure稳固的；B. strange奇怪的；C. similar相似的；D. unique独一无二的。根据后文“After they were exposed to the boiling water, they changed the water and ____13____ something new(当它们暴露在沸水中后，它们改变了水，创造了新的东西)”可知，磨碎的咖啡豆是独一无二的。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们暴露在沸水中后，它们改变了水，创造了新的东西。A. linked联系；B. tackled解决，处理；C. created创造；D. added增加。根据本句“something new (某个新的东西)”可知，是创造出了新的东西。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们改变了水，创造了新的东西，它浓郁的甜味让人上瘾。A. surprised惊讶的；B. excited兴奋的；C. amused被逗乐的，觉得好笑的；D. addicted（吸毒）成瘾的，上瘾的。根据本句“rich sweet smell (浓郁的甜味)”可知，它浓郁的甜味让人上瘾。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些话使女儿陷入了沉思，似乎使她对生活的态度有了新的认识。A. light光；B. doubt怀疑；C. shadow影子；D. attention注意力。根据上文“The father asked “When trouble knocks on your door, are you a potato, an egg, or a coffee bean?(父亲问：当麻烦来敲门的时候，你是土豆、鸡蛋还是咖啡豆？)”可知，父亲的这些话让小女孩陷入深思。cast light on使明白。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Years ago,19-year-old Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends and boarded a plane for London. It was the first time that she ____36____ (leave) China.
To help with her ____37____ (adapt) to the new culture, Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, When she missed home, she felt____38____ (comfort) to have a second family.
The first time that she had to write ____39____ essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge ____40____ other people had said if she cited their ideas. Xie Lei was confused because she thought she knew ____41____ (little) than other people.At first, in class, Xie Lei had no idea what to say____42____ what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
Everything strange before appears quite normal to Xie Lei now. ____43____ (engage) in British culture has helped her a lot. As well as studying hard,she____44____ (involve) in social activities.
British people are fascinated by Chinese culture and eager to learn more about it, so she is keen _____45_____ (share) it with them. She is acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between China and the UK.
【答案】36. had left
37. adaptation
38. comforted
39. an 40. what
41. less 42. but
43. Engaging
44. has been involved
45. to share
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了几年前，19岁Xie Lei告别了家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦的飞机，以及在那里的经历故事。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：这是她第一次离开中国。根据该句It was the first time that…“……的第一次”固定句型可知，此处应为过去完成时。故填had left。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了帮助自己适应新的文化，Xie Lei选择了寄宿家庭。当她想家的时候，她觉得有第二个家庭很舒服。由空前her为形容词性物主代词可知，此处为名词。故填adaptation。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：为了帮助自己适应新的文化，Xie Lei选择了寄宿家庭。当她想家的时候，她觉得有第二个家庭很舒服。根据句意以及空前felt系动词可知，此处为形容词，构成系表结构，表示感到“安慰的”，满足句意要求。故填comforted。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：她第一次写论文时，导师解释说，如果她引用别人的观点，就必须承认别人说了什么。由空后essay单数名词可知，此处为泛指一篇论文，结合essay为元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：她第一次写论文时，导师解释说，如果她引用别人的观点，就必须承认别人说了什么。分析句子可知，此处为连词what引导的宾语从句，连词what在从句中作宾语，意为“一些事情”。故填what。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：Xie Lei很困惑，因为她觉得自己知道的比别人少。由空后than可知，此处为形容词的比较级形式。故填less。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：起初，在课堂上，Xie Lei不知道该说什么，但让她惊讶的是，仅仅几周后，她发现自己在课堂上发言了。根据句意可知，此处为连词but表示转折，连接上下句，满足句子逻辑。故填but。
43题详解】
考查动名词。句意：接触英国文化对她帮助很大。分析句子可知，此处为动名词形式作主语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Engaging。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：除了努力学习，她还积极参加社会活动。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合句意可知，此处应为现在完成时，因she和动词involve为被动关系，所以为现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been involved。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：英国人对中国文化着迷，渴望了解中国文化，所以她很愿意与他们分享。此处be keen to do“热衷于做某事”，为固定短语。故填to share。
第三节(共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分)
根据汉语和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
46. It is easy to p________(察觉)when students are distracted in class.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】perceive##erceive
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当学生在课堂上分心时，很容易察觉到。分析句子可知，这里应填动词原形，和前面to构成不定式，再根据中文提示和首字母可知，应填perceive，不定式to perceive在本句中作真正主语。故填perceive。
47. Ambitious and o________(乐观的), they don’t stop until they reach for the stars. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】optimistic##ptimistic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们雄心勃勃，乐观向上，直到够到星星才罢休。根据句子结构可知，and是并列连词，连接的并列成分词性需一致，故设空处填形容词。根据汉语提示及首字母提示可知，表示“乐观的”，故填形容词optimistic，作状语。故填optimistic。
48. Scientists have been pursuing various possibilities to solve food s________(短缺). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】shortage##hortage
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：科学家们一直在寻求解决粮食短缺的各种可能性。根据句意可知，此处表示“食物短缺”。根据汉语提示及首字母提示可知，此处应填不可数名词shortage，表示“短缺”，作宾语，故填shortage。
49. This is really an i________(难以置信地)new area in terms of dealing with computer crime. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】incredibly##ncredibly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：就对付电脑犯罪而言，这真是一个令人难以置信的新领域。分析句意再根据首字母汉语提示可知，此处用副词incredibly修饰形容词new表示“难以置信地”符合语境。故填incredibly。
50. Many students have s________(订阅)to the magazine and received a free limited-edition T-shirt.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】subscribed##ubscribed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：许多学生都订阅了该杂志，并获得了一件免费的限量版T恤。设空处和前面的have构成现在完成时，根据首字母和汉语提示，故填subscribed。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
51. 假定你是李华，你校将举办第二届“多彩中国”英语短视频大赛，请给你校来自英国的留学生John写封邮件，邀请他参赛。内容包括：
1. 比赛目的：
2. 作品要求;
3. 投稿地址(ColorfulChina ＠school.cn)和截止日期。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Your,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
I’m really excited to share with you a piece of good news. Our school is going to hold the 2nd Short Video Contest themed “Colorful China”, whose aim is to present the beauty of China. The video shall be original, no longer than 3 minutes. Since you are interested in taking short videos, why not submit your works of places or people in China that impress you most? I am sure people will enjoy them. Your video need be sent to ColorfulChina@school.cn before Nov. 20, 2022.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国的留学生John写封邮件，邀请他参加你校第二届“多彩中国”英语短视频大赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
激动的：excited→thrilled
既然：since→now that
提交：submit→hand in
喜欢：enjoy→be fond of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The video shall be original, no longer than 3 minutes.
拓展句：The video, which shall be no longer than 3 minutes, shall be original.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our school is going to hold the 2nd Short Video Contest themed “Colorful China”, whose aim is to present the beauty of China.(运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】 I am sure people will enjoy them. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
What Goes Around Comes Around
One day an old lady was trapped on the side of the road in the dim light.No one had stopped to help for the last hour or so.Then a man looking poor and hungry pulled up in front of her car and got out.He could see that she was frightened,standing out there in the cold. He said,“ I’m here to help you, ma’am. Why not wait in the car where it’s warm? By the way,my name is Bryan Anderson.”
Well，all she had was a flat tire，but for an old lady，that was bad enough. Bryan crawled(蜷缩) under the car looking for a place to put he jack(千斤顶)，skinning his fingers a time or two. Soon he was able to change the tire. But he got dirty and his hands hurt.
The old lady told him she was from St.Louis and was only just passing through.She already imagined all the awful things that could have happened had he not stopped.She couldn’t thank him enough for coming to her aid and asked how much she owed him.Any amount would have been all right with her.
Bryan just smiled and told her that if she really wanted to pay him back,the next time she saw someone who needed help,she could give that person the assistance they needed.Bryan added, “And think of me.”He never thought twice about being paid. He had lived his whole life that way, and it never occurred to him to act any other way.
He waited until she started her car and drove off. A few miles down the road the old lady saw a small dirty-looking restaurant.She went in and ordered a simple meal priced at 5S.The waitress was to give birth to her baby in a month but she was still busy clearing tables, filling sugar bowls and serving people. At that moment she remembered Bryan.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After finishing the meal, the old lady paid with one 100S bill.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Just then the waitress spotted some more money and a note on the table.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
After finishing the meal, the old lady paid with one 100$ bill. The waitress took over the bill, bowed to say “Thanks” politely and told her to wait a moment for her change. She quickly went to the cashier’s counter to get change, but at that time the old lady slipped out of the door quietly. When the waitress came back to her seat, the old lady was nowhere to be found. The waitress looked around anxiously, trying to find her but in vain. She wondered what had happened to the lady
Just then the waitress spotted some more money and a note on the table. She took up the note in surprise and read the words on it, “You don’t owe me anything. Somebody once helped me out in the same way. If you really want to pay me back, just let this chain of love continue with you.” Looking down at the money, she couldn’t hold back her tears. She knew it was going to be hard with the baby due next month, which kept her husband worried a lot. But now she was just eager to tell him: “Everything’s going to be all right. I love you, Bryan Anderson.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个寒冷的晚上一位老太太在路上遇到爆胎，向路人求助无果，最后看上去又穷又饿Bryan帮老太太换了轮胎，当老太太要给钱给他的时候，遭到了Bryan拒绝，他希望老太太能把这份爱传递下去，给需要帮助的人，最后老太太来到一个餐馆就餐，看到了下月就要生孩子的女服务员还在工作。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由首句内容“吃完饭后，老太太付了一张100美元的账单。”可知，这段可重点写女服务员收了钱后谢谢老太太，等她找零回来的时候，发现老太太已经离开，她不知道该怎么办。
②由第二段首句内容“就在这时，服务员发现桌上还有一些钱和一张纸条。”可知，第二段可描写女服务发现便条，知道这钱是老太太故意留给自己的，她很感动，因为现在她正缺钱，这解了她燃眉之急。
2.续写线索：女服务员收钱找零——发现老太太不在了——女服务员不知所措——发现桌上便条——了解事情缘由——女服务员感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.溜走：slip/slip away /leave stealthily /slope off
②.返回：come back/return
③.帮助：help/ assist /do sb a favor/aid
情绪类
①.焦虑地：worriedly /anxiously/ in anxiety/nervously
②.惊讶地：in surprise/in amazement/in astonishment
③.渴望的：eager/ longing/ thirsty
【点睛】[高分句型1]. The waitress looked around anxiously, trying to find her but in vain. （运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2].She knew it was going to be hard with the baby due next month, which kept her husband worried a lot. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
听力答案：1-5BACCC 6-10BABCA 11-15 ACAAA 16-20 CBACB