江苏省常熟中学2021-2022学年高一3月线上阳光质量调研英语试题含解析

这是一份江苏省常熟中学2021-2022学年高一3月线上阳光质量调研英语试题含解析，共29页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021-2022学年度第二学期高一年级线上教学阳光调研
高一英语

第一部分 听力
第一节
1. What is the woman?
A. A worker. B. A student. C. A teacher.
2. Where are the speakers going?
A. A restaurant. B. A supermarket. C. A railway station.
3. How does the woman sound?
A. Disappointing. B. Depressing. C. Encouraging.
4. What will the woman probably do today?
A. Buy a pair of glasses. B. See a doctor. C. Have dinner with Tom.
5. When may the man see the manager tomorrow?
A. At 11:00. B. At 10:00. C. At 10:45.
第二节
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman think of the man's apartment?
A. Untidy. B. Beautiful. C. Large.
7. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Brush her teeth. B. Wash her face. C. Wait for him.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How does the man describe the woman?
A. She is smart. B. She is honest. C. She is quiet.
9. What does the woman seem most interested in?
A. Computer. B. Spanish. C. Music.
10. What does the man offer the woman?
A. A book. B. A game. C. A video.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the man show to the woman?
A. A new cellphone. B. A toy car. C. An alarm clock.
12. How is the new product different from others?
A. It can ring and talk. B. It can roll and jump. C. It can sing and move.
13. What do we know from the conversation?
A. The woman doesn't like the new product.
B. The woman thinks the new product is useless.
C. The woman probably won't buy the new product.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What food is the most dangerous for dogs?
A. Cheese. B. Chocolate. C. Biscuits.
15. How many grapes did the woman give Buster?
A. 3 or 4. B. 1 or 2. C. 9 or 10.
16. What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Walk the dog. B. Go to the animal hospital. C. Look for their keys.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is against the law in Los Cabos?
A. Drinking wine on the bus.
B Being drunk in public.
C. Eating on the bus.
18. Which place is suitable for swimming if tourists want to go?
A. Cabo San Lucas. B. Los Cabos. C. San Jose.
19. Where are tourists recommended to exchange their money?
A. In a bank. B. On the bus. C. At the hotel.
20. How should tourists get to Cabo San Lucas according to the speaker?
A. By taxi. B. On foot. C. By bus.

第二部分 阅读理解
A
Whether you're looking to learn more about sustainability or imagine yourself as a media big man at the head of a world-famous magazine, here are several books worth popping on your Good Reads list.
The Conscious Closet
by Elizabeth L. Cline
As the pressure to save the planet increases, it's important to turn the conversation to our closet(衣帽间) .
Stockpiling endless printed books on sustainability seems somewhat unwise, but The Conscious Closet is easily the best of the lot. It exposes the true cost of fast fashion and encourages the reader to think twice about unwise purchasing, drawing deeply on Cline's own experiences.
How To Dress: Secret Styling
Tips From A Fashion Insider
by Alexandra Fullerton
Former fashion editor at Stylist magazine, Alexandra Fullerton certainly knows something about getting dressed.
Illustrated beautifully, this book allows you to dip easily in and out of her easy-to-follow advice, helping you carve out a signature style, shop more effectively and even wash and store your clothes to maximize their full potential.
The New Fashion Rules
by Victoria Magrath
One of the UK's most successful fashion bloggers, Victoria McGrath has used her platform to demonstrate the growing value of influencer culture on fashion and new media.
Her friendly, accessible tone is backed up with some serious knowledge—her PhD in fashion marketing allows her to explore how far fashion has come in recent decades, discussing many things including virtual reality shopping while offering up a brief tour of fashion's 21st century history.
Advanced Love
by Ari Seth Cohen
The photographic blog series that made stars of Iris Apfel and Linda Rodin, the Advanced Style brand has grown over the past decade, demonstrating that real beauty is truly ageless.
His third and most recent book, Advanced Love sees Ari Seth Cohen picturing couples from all walks of life, making a statement about our dismissal of romance within the over-40 age set.
The perfect festive gift for your special other-half, or a treat-to-self as a constant reminder that love never goes out of style.

1. Which is the most suitable book for a new graduate ignorant of fashion?
A. Advanced Love B. The Conscious Closet
C. The New Fashion Rules D. How To Dress: Secret Styling Tips From A Fashion Inside
2. From ________'s book, we can know something about the development of fashion.
A. Elizabeth L. Cline B. Alexandra Fullerton C. Victoria Magrath D. Ari Seth Cohen
3. What do the books have in common?
A. They are targeted on young ladies.
B. The authors advise us against unreasonable purchasing.
C. They are all good books about secrets of the fashion world.
D. The writers are all bloggers giving practical advice on how to get well dressed.
B
After midnight, when the crowds of revellers(饮酒狂欢者) have gone, Choi Young-soo crouches(蹲) in a shabby alley in Seoul's wealthy Gangnam district. This is the only time that the 35-year-old, a part-time food delivery rider, dare leave his tiny room at a cheap hotel he shares with about 30 other people. The rooms, he says, are "only slightly bigger than coffins(棺材) " .
Choi's desperate situation is real. He is one of a large and growing number of ordinary South Koreans who find themselves choked by debt. "I feel like other people sense that I'm a failure, so I only come out at night to smoke and watch the lost cats, " says Choi.
Choi's serious debt came with alarming speed. Just two years ago, he was working as an IT engineer for a firm. Years of punishing overtime and late nights seriously damaged his health. After lengthy discussions and a year spent planning and saving, he and his wife decided to open a pub in Incheon.
After an encouraging start, their business fell victim to the COVID-19 pandemic. After bars and restaurants were ordered to close as early as 9 pm to prevent the virus from spreading, the number of customers reduced to a trickle(细流) , and then dried up altogether. After failing to pay their rent for four months, the couple sought help.
Securing a bank loan was surprisingly easy, but the interest rate was a steep 4%. Within months they had taken out loans from all five of South Korea's high-street banks. Unavoidably, they had to borrow more to pay off existing loans, joining long queues of troubled business owners eager to secure cash from commercial lenders with interest at more than 17%.
Household debt in South Korea has risen in recent years and is now equal to more than 100% of GDP—a level not seen elsewhere in Asia. The rising household debt has gone hand in hand with a dramatically widening income gap worsened by rising youth unemployment and property prices in big cities beyond the means of most ordinary workers.
According to Lee In-cheol, the chief executive of the think tank Real Good Economic Research Institute, the total amount of debt run up by ordinary South Koreans exceeds GDP by 5%. In individual terms, it means that even if you saved every single penny you earned for an entire year, you would still be unable to repay your debt. In response, the country's financial services commission and financial supervisory service recently decided to prevent more South Koreans from falling into debt. "That is why major banks have acted to limit borrowing, " says Lee.
4. Why does Choi Young-soo come out only at night?
A. He opens his pub at night. B. He has to look after his children.
C. He is unwilling to be laughed at. D. He is afraid of being spotted by the banks.
5. What caused Choi Young-soo to start applying for bank loans?
A. His poor health. B. The failure of his business.
C. The desire to start his own business. D. His being laid off by his former employer.
6. What is paragraph 6(underlined) mainly about?
A. The types of household debt.
B. The influence of South Korea in Asia.
C. The sources of South Korea's economic growth
D. Two major problems faced by South Korea's families
7. What might explain South Korea's household debt crisis?
A. The widening income gap. B. The easiness of taking out a loan.
C. The over-rapid growth of the economy. D. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.
C
The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological(气象) Organization(WMO) said on September. However, thanks to improved early warning systems and disaster management, the number of death from these hazards(危险) has been almost three times less.
According to the WMO, from 1970 to 2019, weather, climate and water hazards accounted for 50 percent of all disasters. Among the top 10 hazards that led to the largest loss of human life during this period were droughts, storms, floods and extreme temperatures. However, deaths fell from over 50, 000 in the 1970s to less than 20, 000 in the 2010s.
"Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change, " says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.
"That means more heat waves, drought and forest fires such as those we have observed recently in Europe and North America. We have more water vapor in the atmosphere, which is worsening extreme rainfall and deadly flooding. The warming of the oceans has affected the frequency and area of existence of the most intense tropical storms. "
"Economic losses are increasing as exposure increases. But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. Quite simply, we are better than ever before at saving lives, " Taalas said.
8. What do we know from the first paragraph?
A. Disasters connected with weather have gone up.
B. The number of weather-related disasters has decreased.
C. The number of deaths from hazards has been increasing.
D. Early warning systems have made disasters decline much.
9. What will happen according to Petteri Taalas?
A. There will be more extreme weather.
B. Extreme rainfall will no longer exist.
C. Water vapor in the atmosphere will go down.
D. Humans will defeat extreme weather in the end.
10. What is hopeful behind the bad news?
A. Improved warning systems will save economic losses.
B. Economic losses are going down as exposure increases.
C. More lives will be saved thanks to early warning systems.
D. Improved early warning systems will control extreme weather
11. Where may the text be taken from?
A. A novel. B. A brochure. C. A magazine. D. A guideline.
D
There are positive effects of having deep conversations with strangers.
"Connecting with others in meaningful ways tends to make people happier, and yet people also seem unwilling to engage in deeper conversations, said Nicholas Epley, a professor of behavioral science at the University of Chicago. "This struck us as an interesting social paradox: If connecting with others in deep and meaningful ways increases well-being, then why aren't people doing it more often in daily life?"
To answer that question, Epley and his colleagues designed several experiments, where pairs of people-mainly strangers-were asked to discuss either relatively deep or shallow topics. Before the conversations, participants predicted how awkward they thought the conversations would be, how connected they thought they would feel to their conversation partner and how much they would enjoy the conversation. Afterward, they rated their predictions on actual basis. Generally, the researchers found that deep conversations felt less awkward and led to greater feelings of connectedness and enjoyment than the participants had expected.
If deep connection is better, then why aren't people actually having more of them? The researchers suspected it might be because people underestimate how interested strangers are in learning about their deeper thoughts and feelings. In some of the experiments, the researchers asked participants to predict how interested their conversation partner would be in the discussion, and then afterward to indicate how interested their partner actually was in the discussion. On average, people consistently underestimated how interested their partners would be in learning about them.
"People seemed to imagine that revealing something meaningful about themselves in conversation would be met with blank stares and silence, only to find this wasn't true in the actual conversation, " Epley said. "Human beings are deeply social and tend to reciprocate in conversation. If you share something important, you are likely to get something important exchanged in return, leading to a considerably better conversation. "
These findings are published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
12. What do we know from Paragraph 3?
A. The experiments were carried out on a regular basis.
B. Most of the participants are familiar with each other.
C. The participants gave evaluations on their predictions.
D. The topics discussed focused on meaningful contents.
13. According to the study, what actually holds back deep conversations between strangers?
A. Depth of the topic. B. People's assumption.
C. Participants' interest. D. Consistency of the talk.
14. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "reciprocate" in Paragraph 5?
A. Respond. B. Withdraw. C. Postpone. D. Explain.
15. What's the purpose of the text?
A. To provide suggestions.
B. To promote communication skills.
C. To explain a phenomenon.
D. To introduce a scientific study.

第三部分 七选五

As many of us endure the long cold winter, we are tempted to tuck(大吃) into some filling and fattening foods. _16_ And more often it's because we need something to cheer us up. And, for a short while at least, it makes us feel better — which is why we call it "comfort food" .
_17_ It depends on your preference and the association you have with particular in tastes, textures and smells. But probably the most universally popular eatable comforter is the biscuit. _18_ Besides, it gives us that all-important sugary pick-me-up.
Moving on from the sweet and sugary snacks, famous chef and food writer Mary Berry knows about the kind of meals that warm us up and give us comfort in winter. She said "I think it becomes natural to think about comfort food as soon as the weather chills and the nights become darker. _19_"
The other thing about comforting dishes like mac and cheese, noodles or pizza is they don't require cooking skills in the kitchen: they are easy to make so we can get our fix of feel-good food quickly. _20_ Even though we know the ingredients are high in carbohydrates, sugar or salt, we continue to pig out. We don't realize that what's happening is our minds are finding a way to trigger a really positive emotion and they're making us cat that food to do so.
Maybe we should take comfort from the fact the eating certain food just makes us feel happy. But, for some people, eating any kind of food brings joy, warmth, happiness and comfort.
A. Too much such food is harmful to health.
B. We find different kinds of feel-good foods to lift our spirits.
C. However, we often feel so good that we eat too much.
D. Soup and warming foods are suggested as feel-good winter treats.
E. This snack often brings back happy memories of childhood and family.
F. The type of food that makes us feel good varies from person to person.
G. This is sometimes because it helps us to keep warm and to give us energy.

第四部分 完形填空
Over the years, I've been guilty of hurriedly shutting the front door to many strangers when they came knocking with the intention of selling the things. But around Easter time this year, a dear friend of mine had an experience that _21_ my mind towards these "unexpected visitors. "
Alice who recently moved to a new neighborhood, had been housebound(足不出户的) all week _22_ from the severe flu when, early one morning, there was the annoying knock on the door. Peering out the window, she saw two young ladies seriously _23_ leaflets and a TV set model. She knew a large TV set establishment nearby and assumed a message was about to be _24_. "This is the last thing I need today, " she muttered to herself and _25_ opened the door.
Coughing, she poked her head out and impatiently _26_ them that she wasn't the slightest bit interested in any TV products. _27_, she added, she was feeling quite unwell and abruptly shut the door. The ladies politely turned and left _28_. A few hours later, the same two ladies were back again. Really _29_ this time, she opened the door ready to give them a piece of her mind. _30_ she could speak, these women, with _31_ looks on their faces, handed Alice a dish, saying "We're so sorry we _32_ you earlier. We thought you may like this homemade chicken soup. _33_ it might make you feel better. " Alice was surprised by this lovely _34_. Being new to the area, she didn't know many neighbors or people who could _35_ her with shopping so the gesture was really _36_. She could only smile embarrassedly and sincerely thanked them. With that, the ladies left.
After Alice told this story to me, I thought about how _37_ this deed was. Especially in today's world where sadly, kindness and _38_ seem so rare. I also realized that _39_ others and showing _40_ is the real essence of love.
21. A. decided B. changed C. occupied D. crossed
22. A. suffering B. removing C. coming D. leaving
23. A. owning B. throwing C. making D. holding
24. A. communicated B. gotten C. left D. delivered
25. A. eagerly B. happily C. willingly D. hesitantly
26. A. satisfied B. persuaded C. informed D. convinced
27. A. Therefore B. However C. Furthermore D. While
28. A. in surprise B. in despair C. in silence D. in anger
29. A. scared B. frustrated C. shocked D. annoyed
30. A. Before B. After C. As D. Though
31. A. puzzled B. concerned C. excited D. satisfied
32. A. blamed B. disturbed C. beat D. visited
33. A. Hopefully B. Luckily C. Suddenly D. Lastly
34. A. movement B. thought C. word D. gesture
35. A. take B. give C. bring D. assist
36. A. congratulated B. celebrated C. praised D. appreciated
37. A. tiring B. surprising C. touching D. exciting
38. A. encouragement B. inspiration C. honesty D. thoughtfulness
39. A. worrying about B. thinking about C. discussing about D. hearing about
40. A. kindness B. hate C. regret D. happiness


第五部分 语法填空

China is widely known for its ancient civilization, which _41_(continue) all the way through into modern times, _42_ the many ups and downs in its history. There are many reasons _43_ this has been possible. But one of the main _44_(factor) has been the Chinese writing system.
At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It _45_(date) back several thousand years to the use of animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's Hanzi.
By the song dynasty, these symbols had become _46_ well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms as it was a time when people were divided geographically, _47_(lead) to _48_(vary) dialects and characters. _49_, this changed on the Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty(221-207BCE) .
Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a great role in _50_(globe) affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.

第六部分 单词拼写
51. From clothes to mobile phones, from breakfasts to birthday parties, the things your parents provide for you are numerous. Has it ever o________ to you how difficult and expensive it is to bring up a child?
52. Thousands of people blocked the street, p________ against the new policy.
53. A powerful earthquake struck Afghanistan last week and International r________ supplies including tents, food and medicine have reached the affected areas.
54. The world's wild tigers could soon be e________ because of hunting and shrinking habitats, wildlife experts said recently.
55. People in poverty still has no a________ to medical care.
56. The third quality of literature, coming out of the other two, is its ________. (永恒)
57. The actor's self-discipline and charity work have helped him establish a positive ________(形象) .
58. I was sleeping soundly last night when I was ________(吵醒) by someone's groans(呻吟) .
59. " ________(好奇) killed the cat" means showing too much interest in someone else's affairs can be harmful or damaging to you, which is used to discourage someone from being nosy.
60. Some people are very ________(敏感) to criticism and teasing while others can just let it roll off their backs.

第七部分 单句语法填空
61. No doubt ________(draw) on his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was at that time.
62. I was wondering whether to participate________ my teacher came by , telling me that it was a good chance to display my talent.
63. He was busy writing a story, only ________(stop) once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
64. Most of the forest's nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves, thus ________(allow) them to grow at an amazing speed.
65. I remember putting the wallet in the front pocket of my overcoat, but now it is nowhere ________(see) .
66. The Internet has also made our lives convenient, ________ all sorts of goods and services provided by electronic commerce.
67. He raised his fist as if ________(strike) me.
68. He taught her how to rely on her other senses, ________(specific) her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new environment.
69. The safety officer requested that the beach ________(clear) of people before huge waves crashed into the coast.
70. The romance of Jack and Rose ________(appeal) to millions of audience and helped make Titanic one of the most successful films of all time.

第八部分 书面表达
假如你叫李华，学校学生会主席。为迎接3月21日世界森林日(World Forest Day) 的到来，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，号召全校师生保护地球森林资源。
要点如下：
1. 森林的重要性。
2. 如何保护好地球上的森林。
注意：
1. 字数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good morning, Ladies and gentlemen,
It's a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech about how to protect our forest in the earth.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your listening!



###########################################################################

第一部分 听力
【答案】1-5 BCCBA 6-10 ACCAA 11-15 CBCBC 16-20 BBAAC

第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些关于时尚界最值得读的书。
1. 细节理解题。由第二本书“Former fashion editor at Stylist magazine, Alexandra Fullerton certainly knows something about getting dressed. ”（Stylist 杂志的前时尚编辑，亚历山德拉富勒顿当然知道一些关于穿衣的知识。）可知，这本书是前时尚编辑写的关于如何穿搭的。故选D项。
2. 细节理解题。由第三本书“Her friendly, accessible tone is backed up with some serious knowledge — her PhD in fashion marketing allows her to explore how far fashion has come in recent decades, discussing many things including virtual reality shopping while offering up a brief tour of fashion’s 21st century history. ”（她友好、平易近人的语气得到了一些严肃的知识的支持——她的时尚营销博士学位让她能够探索近几十年来时尚的发展，讨论了许多事情，包括虚拟现实购物，同时简要介绍了时尚的 21 世纪历史。）可知，Victoria Magrath可以带你了解21世纪的时尚史。故选C项。
3. 细节理解题。由第一段“Whether you’re looking to learn more about sustainability or imagine yourself as a media big man at the head of a world-famous magazine, here are several books worth popping on your Good Reads list. ”（无论您是想了解更多关于可持续发展的知识，还是想把自己想象成世界著名杂志的负责人，这里有几本书值得在您的好读物清单上弹出。）可知，下列介绍的都是和杂志和时尚有关的书籍。故选C项。

【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章以崔的故事为切入点，主要介绍近年来了韩国家庭债务加重的原因以及相关部门采取的措施。
1. 推理判断题。根据第二段的““I feel like other people sense that I’m a failure, so I only come out at night to smoke and watch the lost cats, ” says Choi. （崔说：‘我觉得其他人都觉得我是个失败者，所以我只在晚上出来抽烟，看迷路的猫。’）”推知，崔只在晚上才出来是不愿意别人嘲笑他，因为他觉得其他人认为他是失败者。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“After an encouraging start, their business fell victim to the COVID-19 pandemic. After bars and restaurants were ordered to close as early as 9 pm to prevent the virus from spreading, the number of customers reduced to a trickle (细流), and then dried up altogether. After failing to pay their rent for four months, the couple sought help. （在2019冠状病毒疾病流行后，他们的生意成为了受害者。在酒吧和餐馆被命令最早在晚上9点关门以防止病毒传播后，顾客人数减少到了涓涓细，然后就完全干涸了。在四个月没付房租后，这对夫妇寻求帮助）”可知，生意的失败导致崔申请银行贷款。故选B。
3. 主旨大意题。根据划线句子“Household debt in South Korea has risen in recent years and is now equal to more than 100% of GDP, a level not seen elsewhere in Asia. The rising household debt has gone hand in hand with a dramatically widening income gap worsened by rising youth unemployment and property prices in big cities beyond the means of most ordinary workers. （韩国的家庭债务近年来有所上升，目前相当于GDP的100%以上，这在亚洲其他地方是前所未有的。家庭债务的增加与收入差距的急剧扩大密切相关，年轻人失业率的上升和大城市房价的上涨超出了大多数普通工人的承受能力，加剧了收入差距）”可知，这部分主要是关于韩国家庭面对的两个主要问题：债务的增加与家庭收入之间的差距，以及失业率和房价的上涨。故选D。
4. 细节理解题。根据第五段的“Securing a bank loan was surprisingly easy, but the interest rate was a steep 4%. （获得银行贷款出人意料地容易，但利率高达4%）”和最后一段的“In individual terms, it means that even if you saved every single penny you earned for an entire year, you would still be unable to repay your debt. In response, the country’s financial services commission and financial supervisory service recently decided to prevent more South Koreans from falling into debt. “That is why major banks have acted to limit borrowing, ” says Lee. （就个人而言，这意味着即使你把一整年赚的每一分钱都存起来，你仍然无法偿还你的债务。作为回应，韩国金融服务委员会和金融监督院最近决定防止更多韩国人陷入债务。‘这就是为什么大银行已经采取行动限制借贷，’李说）”可知，为了避免大多数韩国人家庭陷入债务危机，大银行已经采取了限制借贷的行动。由此可知，导致韩国家庭债务危机的原因是贷款非常容易。故选B。


【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了极端天气和与此相关的灾难会越来越多，但是人类可以通过早期预警系统拯救更多的生命。
1. 细节理解题。由第一段第一句“The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (气象) Organization (WMO) said on September. (世界气象组织(WMO)9月发布的最新报告称，过去50年来，与天气有关的灾害数量增加了五倍)”可知，与气候相关的灾难增多了。故选A项。
2. 细节理解题。由第三段Petteri Taalas说的话“Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change, (由于气候变化，天气、气候和水的极端事件正在增加，并将在世界许多地区变得更加频繁和严重)”可知，将会有更多的极端天气。故选A项。
3. 细节理解题。由最后一段“But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. (但在统计数据背后隐藏着希望信息。改进的多灾种早期预警系统使得死亡人数显著减少)”可知，预警系统会拯救更多生命。故选C项。
4. 推理判断题。由第三段“says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas. (WMO 秘书长Petteri Taalas说)”和第五段结尾“Taalas said. (Taalas说)”可知，文章引用了世界气象组织官员的话，所以最可能出自电视或广播的专题节目，magazine有“(电视、广播)专题节目”的意思。故选C项。


【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过实验来了解人们为什么不愿意和陌生人进行深层次的交流。
1. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Before the conversations, participants predicted how awkward they thought the conversations would be, how connected they thought they would feel to their conversation partner and how much they would enjoy the conversation. Afterward, they rated their predictions on actual basis. （在对话开始之前，参与者预测了他们认为对话会有多尴尬，他们认为自己会和对话伙伴有多亲密，以及他们会有多喜欢这次对话。之后，他们根据实际情况对预测进行评估）”可知，参与者对他们的预测进行了评估。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“If deep connection is better, then why aren’t people actually having more of them? The researchers suspected it might be because people underestimate how interested strangers are in learning about their deeper thoughts and feelings. （如果深度联系更好，那么为什么人们实际上没有更多的深度联系呢？研究人员怀疑这可能是因为人们低估了陌生人对了解他们更深层次的想法和感受的兴趣）”可知，阻碍和陌生人进行深层次对话的是人们的假设，即他们假设陌生人不会对他们更深层次的想法和感受感兴趣。故选B。
3. 词句猜测题。根据下文“If you share something important, you are likely to get something important exchanged in return, leading to a considerably better conversation. （如果你分享一些重要的东西，你很可能会得到一些重要的东西作为回报，从而使谈话变得更好）”可知，在对话中如果你分享了一些东西，那么另一个人倾向于做出回应，也分享关于他/她的事情。由此推知，划线部分所在句子意为“人类有很强的社会性，在对话中往往会做出回应”，故reciprocate意为“回应”。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第三段的“To answer that question, Epley and his colleagues designed several experiments（为了回答这个问题，艾普利和他的同事设计了几个实验）”和最后一段“These findings are published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. （这些发现发表在《个性与社会心理学杂志》上）”推知，本文的目的是介绍一个科学研究。故选D。

第三部分 七选五

【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. D 20. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们在冬季的饮食习惯。
1. 根据上一句“As many of us endure the long cold winter, we are tempted to tuck into some filling and fattening foods. ”可知，由于我们中的许多人都在忍受漫长的寒冷冬天，我们很想吃一些填饱肚子、让人发胖的食物，G项（这有时是因为它帮助我们保持温暖，给我们能量）正好解释了这种饮食习惯的原因，且“This is sometimes because”与后一句的“And more often it’s because”相对应，故选G。
2. 根据下一句“It depends on your preference and the association you have with particular in tastes, textures and smells. ”可知，这取决于你的喜好，以及你与特定口味、质地和气味的关联，F项（使我们感觉良好的食物种类因人而异）可做本段主题句，总领全段，说明每个人喜欢的食物不尽相同，故选F。
3. 根据上一句“But probably the most universally popular eatable comforter is the biscuit. ”可知，但最受欢迎的安慰食物可能是饼干，E项（这种食品经常会让人想起童年和家庭的美好回忆）与下一句“Besides, it gives us that all-important sugary pick-me-up. ”(除此之外，它还让我们感受到了最重要的甜味)并列解释了饼干受欢迎的原因，故选E。
4. 根据上一句“I think it becomes natural to think about comfort food as soon as the weather chills and the nights become darker. ”可知，我认为天气一冷，天色一晚，人们就会自然而然地想到舒适的食物，D项（汤和温热的食物被建议作为让人感觉良好的冬季食物）承接上文，介绍了适合在寒冷的天气里吃的食物，故选D。
5. 根据下一句“Even though we know the ingredients are high in carbohydrates, sugar or salt, we continue to pig out. ”可知，尽管我们知道这些成分含有大量的碳水化合物、糖或盐，但我们还是继续大吃大喝，这说明此处会提到我们会吃得过多的现象，C项（然而，我们经常因为感觉太好而吃得过多）符合语境，故选C。

第四部分 完形填空

【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. D 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了朋友Alice搬到一个新的住处后，认识的人并不多，在生病期间，两位陌生的女士带来了鸡汤看望她，使她内心感到了温暖，通过这件事作者意识到，为他人着想，表现出善意才是爱的真谛。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在今年复活节前后，我的一位挚友的一次经历改变了我对这些“不速之客”的看法。A. decided决定；B. changed改变；C. occupied占据，使忙碌；D. crossed穿过。根据上文“Over the years, I’ve been guilty of hurriedly shutting the front door to many strangers when they came knocking with the intention of selling the things(这些年来，我一直为自己在许多陌生人来敲门推销东西时匆忙关上前门而感到内疚)”和“but”表示转折可知，作者挚友的经历改变了作者对“不速之客”的看法。故选B。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alice最近搬到了一个新社区，由于患了严重的流感，她整个星期都待在家里，一天清晨，响起了烦人地敲门。A. suffering遭受；B. removing移开；C. coming来；D. leaving离开。根据“the severe flu”可知，Alice患了严重的感冒，suffer from为固定短语，意为“患……病；受……折磨”。故选A。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她往窗外看，看到两位年轻女士认真地拿着传单和电视机模型。A. owning拥有；B. throwing扔；C. making制作；D. holding拿着；抓住。根据“leaflets and a TV set model”可知，“holding拿着；抓住”符合语境，此处表示拿着传单和电视机模型。故选D。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她知道附近有一家大型电视机公司，以为是来宣传信息的。A. communicated交流；B. gotten得到，获得；C. left离开；D. delivered递送。根据“TV set establishment”和“a message”可推知，电视公司派人来宣传产品，即传递产品信息。故选D。
5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“这是我今天最不需要的东西，”她自言自语，并犹豫地打开了门。A. eagerly渴望地；B. happily高兴地；C. willingly愿意地；D. hesitantly犹豫不决地。根据“This is the last thing I need today(这是我今天最不需要的东西)”结合所给选项可知，只有“hesitantly犹豫不决地”符合语境需要。故选D。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她咳嗽着探出头来，不耐烦地告诉他们，她对任何电视产品都不感兴趣。A. satisfied使满意；B. persuaded劝说；C. informed通知；D. convinced使信服。根据“that she wasn’t the slightest bit interested in any TV products. (她对任何电视产品都不感兴趣)”可知，Alice告诉她们自己对电视产品不感兴趣。故选C。
7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且，她补充说，她觉得很不舒服，就突然把门关上了。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Furthermore此外，而且；D. While当……时候。根据“she added”可知，Alice又补充了些话，说明她在拒绝之后又进一步表明了自己的态度。故选C。
8. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：女士们礼貌地转身，默默地离开了。A. in surprise惊讶地；B. in despair绝望地；C. in silence沉默地；D. in anger生气地。根据“The ladies politely turned(女士们礼貌地转身)”可知，“in silence沉默地”符合语境，两位女士默默地离开了。故选C。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次她真的很生气，打开门准备把他们臭骂一顿。A. scared害怕的；B. frustrated受挫的；C. shocked震惊的；D. annoyed恼怒的。give sb. a piece of one’s mind是俚语，指对某人生气，大发雷霆，根据“ready to give them a piece of her mind”可知，这次Alice非常生气。故选D。
10. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：她还没来得及说话，两位女士就一脸关心地递给Alice一盘菜。A. Before在……之前；B. After在……之后；C. As随着；D. Though尽管。根据后文“She could only smile embarrassedly and sincerely thanked them. (她只能尴尬地微笑，真诚地感谢他们)”可知，两位女士在Alice开口之前就送出了准备好的菜。故选A。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她还没来得及说话，两位女士就一脸关心地递给Alice一盘菜。A. puzzled困惑的；B. concerned担心的；C. excited感到兴奋的；D. satisfied感到满意的。根据后文两位女士所说的话“it might make you feel better(这可能会让你感觉好些)”可知，在得知Alice不舒服之后，两位女士很担心。故选B。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很抱歉早些时候我们打扰到你了。A. blamed责备；B. disturbed打扰；C. beat打败；D. visited拜访。根据第一次敲门时Alice的拒绝的话语和关门的动作可知，她们为打扰到Alice感到抱歉。故选B。
13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：希望这能让你感觉好点。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Suddenly突然；D. Lastly最后。结合两位女士关切的话语可知，她们送上鸡汤，希望Alice能感觉好点。故选A。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Alice对这个亲切的举动感到惊讶。A. movement移动，活动；B. thought想法；C. word单词；话；D. gesture举止；动作。根据下文“so the gesture was really ________. ”可知，此处是信息词gesture的词汇复现。故选D。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于刚到这个地方，她不认识多少邻居，也不认识能帮她购物的人，所以她很感激她们的行为。A. take拿走；B. give给；C. bring带来；D. assist帮助。根据“Being new to the area”和“with shopping”可推知，因为刚搬到一个地方，周围的人都不熟悉，Alice找不到能帮她购物的人。故选D。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于刚到这个地方，她不认识多少邻居，也不认识能帮她购物的人，所以她很感激她们的行为。A. congratulated祝贺；B. celebrated庆祝；C. praised赞美；D. appreciated感激。根据后文“She could only smile embarrassedly and sincerely thanked them. ”中的信息词“thanked”可知，对于她们暖心的举动Alice感到很感激。故选D。
17. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alice把这个故事讲给我听后，我想这件事是多么感人。A. tiring令人疲倦的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. touching令人感动的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据语境可知，两位陌生女士为生病的Alice送来鸡汤，这件事是很令人感动的。故选C。
18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尤其是在今天这个世界，遗憾的是，善良和体贴显得如此罕见。A. encouragement鼓励；B. inspiration激励，鼓舞；C. honesty诚实；D. thoughtfulness体谅，无微不至。根据上文讲述的两位女士送鸡汤的行为可知，她们暖心的举动是体贴的表现。故选D。
19. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我也意识到，为他人着想，表现出善意才是爱的真谛。A. worrying about担心；B. thinking about考虑；C. discussing about讨论某事；D. hearing about听说。结合上文两位女士对作者朋友的关心和设空处后的“others”可知，此处表示为他人着想。故选B。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也意识到，为他人着想，表现出善意才是爱的真谛。A. kindness善良；B. hate厌恶；C. regret遗憾，懊悔；D. happiness快乐。根据“Especially in today’s world where sadly, kindness and _________ seem so rare. ”可知，此处是信息词kindness的词汇复现。故选A。


第五部分 语法填空
【答案】
41. has continued
42. despite
43. why
44. factors
45. dates
46. a
47. leading
48. various
49. However
50. global
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是中国汉字书写系统的发展历史。
1. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国以其文明古国而闻名，尽管在其历史上有过许多起伏，但这种文明一直延续到现代。由“all the way through into modern times”可知，句子表示“这种文明一直延续到现代”，因此句子时态用现在完成时，主语which指代先行词civilization，是不可数名词，因此空格处是has continued，故填has continued。
2. 考查介词。句意：中国以其文明古国而闻名，尽管在其历史上有过许多起伏，但这种文明一直延续到现代。由“the many ups and downs in its history”和前面的“China is widely known for its ancient civilization”可知，句子表示“中国以其文明古国而闻名，尽管在其历史上有过许多起伏”，空格处意为“尽管”，是despite，故填despite。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：这有很多原因。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中标不缺主语，宾语或定语，先行词 reasons是原因，因此空格处用关系副词why，故填why。
4. 考查名词的复数。句意：但其中一个主要因素是中国的书写系统。one of后跟名词的复数，因此空格处是复数factors，故填factors。
5. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它可以追溯到几千年前，古代中国人在动物骨头和贝壳上雕刻符号。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语It是单数，date back to意为“追溯到”，无被动语态，因此空格处是第三人称单数dates。故填dates。
6. 考查冠词。句意：到了宋代，这些符号已经成为一种非常发达的书写系统。“well-developed writing system”是单数形式，且表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，well-developed是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
7. 考查现在分词。句意：随着时间的推移，这个系统发展成不同的形式，因为当时人们被划分为不同的地域，导致了各种方言和文字。分析句子结构可知，when引导的定语从句中谓语是were divided，空格处用非谓语动词，前面描述的事情和lead之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填leading。
8. 考查形容词。句意：随着时间的推移，这个系统发展成不同的形式，因为当时人们被划分为不同的地域，导致了各种方言和文字。空格处用形容词various作定语，修饰名词“dialects and characters”，various意为“各种各样的”，故填various。
9. 考查副词。句意：然而，这在秦朝的秦始皇（公元前221-207年）改变了。根据语境可知，句子表示“然而，这在秦朝的秦始皇（公元前221-207年）改变了”，空格处意为“然而”，是however，位于句首，首字母大写，故填However。
10. 考查形容词。句意：随着中国在全球事务中扮演着重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史。空格处用形容词global作定语，修饰名词affairs，global意为“全球的”，故填global。

第六部分 单词拼写
【答案】occurred
【解析】考查时态和固定短语。句意：从衣服到手机，从早餐到生日派对，你父母为你提供的东西数不胜数，你有没有想过抚养一个孩子是多么困难和昂贵？固定短语occur to sb. 表示“某人想到……”；分析句意可知，根据句中关键词“Has . . . ever ”，该句是现在完成时态，谓语动词用过去分词occurred。故填occurred。

【答案】protesting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：数千人封锁了街道，抗议新政策。根据“Thousands of people blocked the street”及首字母提示可知，短语protest against“对……表示反对或抗议”符合句意，分析句子结构可知，句子谓语是blocked，所以设空处需填入非谓语形式，动词protest与逻辑主语people之间是主谓关系，因而用现在分词形式作状语。故填protesting。

【答案】relief
【解析】考查名词。句意：上周，阿富汗发生强烈地震，包括帐篷、食品和药品在内的国际救援物资已抵达受灾地区。根据“tents, food and medicine”结合首字母提示可知，名词relief“救援物品”符合句意，作supplies的定语。故填relief。

【答案】extinct
【解析】考查形容词。句意：野生动物专家最近表示，由于捕猎和栖息地缩小，世界野生老虎可能很快就会灭绝。结合句意以及首字母提示，形容词extinct意为“灭绝的”，分析句子结构可知，这是一个主系表结构，形容词extinct在be动词后作表语。故填extinct。

【答案】access
【解析】考查名词。句意：贫困人口仍然无法获得医疗服务。根据has no可知，设空处需填入名词，结合首字母提示，短语access to“使用……的机会（权利）” 符合句意，access为不可数名词。故填access。

【答案】permanence
【解析】考查名词。句意：文学的第三个特点来自于另外两个特点，那就是它的永恒。its后跟名词，“永恒”的名词是permanence，是不可数名词，故填permanence。

【答案】image
【解析】考查名词。句意：这位演员的自律和慈善工作帮助他树立了良好的形象。根据establish a positive可知，设空处需填入名词单数作宾语，结合汉语提示可知，可数名词image“形象”符合句意。故填image。

【答案】awakened
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：昨晚我睡得很熟，突然被某人的呻吟声吵醒了。根据汉语提示“吵醒”，“我”与“吵醒（awaken）”之间是被动关系，结合was可知，故此处为一般过去时的被动语态。故填awakened。

【答案】Curiosity
【解析】考查名词。句意：“好奇害死猫” 的意思是对别人的事情表现出太多的兴趣可能会对你有害，通常用来劝阻别人不要好管闲事。根据汉语提示“好奇”，以及下文的killed the cat可知此处应填名词作主语。好奇心英文翻译为curiosity. 又因为是位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Curiosity。

【答案】sensitive
【解析】考查形容词。句意：有些人对批评和取笑非常敏感，而另一些人则对批评和取笑置若罔闻。空格处用形容词作表语，“敏感”的形容词是sensitive，故填sensitive。



第七部分 单句语法填空
【答案】drawing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：毫无疑问，曹雪芹根据自己的经历详细描述了当时的生活。分析句子结构可知，该句谓语动词是gives ，draw与逻辑主语Cao Xueqin 之间是主动关系，故要用现在分词形式drawing作状语。故填drawing。

【答案】when
【解析】考查时间状语从句固定结构。句意：我正在考虑是否参加，这时我的老师过来了，告诉我这是一个展示我才华的好机会。结合句意，从句使用了过去进行时，主句是一般过去时，应该使用固定句型结构“过去进行时+when+一般过去时”，表示一件事正在进行，发生另外一件事，因此，该空应该填when。

【答案】stopping
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：他正忙着写故事，只是偶尔停下来抽支烟。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是“was busy”，空格处用非谓语动词，He和stop之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词stopping表主动，故填stopping。

【答案】allowing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：森林里的大部分营养物质都被锁在植物体内，因此它们能以惊人的速度生长。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词are locked up，此处需填非谓语动词作状语，allow与前面的句子形成逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填allowing。

【答案】to be seen
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得把钱包放在大衣前面的口袋里，但现在它不见了。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入不定式作表语，动词see与主语it指代的wallet之间是动宾关系，因而需用被动语态。故填to be seen。

【答案】with
【解析】考查介词。句意：互联网也使我们的生活变得方便，电子商务提供了各种各样的商品和服务。由“made our lives convenient”和“all sorts of goods and services provided by electronic commerce”可知，“电子商务提供了各种各样的商品和服务和“互联网使我们的生活变得方便”两件事是伴随发生，因此空格处是with复合结构，表伴随，因此空格处是介词with，故填with。

【答案】to strike
【解析】考查省略句。句意：他举起拳头，好像要打我。此处为状语从句的省略句，主句的主语和as if引导的状语从句的主语一致，省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的句子是He raised his fist as if he were to strike me，此处省略he were。故填to strike。

【答案】specifically
【解析】考查副词。句意：他教她如何依靠其他感官，特别是听觉来确定自己的位置，以及如何适应新环境。此处用副词specifically（特别地）作状语。故填specifically。

【答案】should be cleared
【解析】 考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：安全官员要求在巨浪撞击海岸之前，海滩上的人应该被清除。request表示“要求”，后面的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用（should）do，the beach和clear为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填（should）be cleared。



【答案】appealed
【解析】考查时态。句意：杰克和罗丝的浪漫故事吸引了数百万观众，使《泰坦尼克》成为有史以来最成功的电影之一。分析句子结构可知，设空处与helped为并列谓语，helped说明本句时态为一般过去时，因而设空处需填入appeal的过去式appealed。故填appealed。


第八部分 书面表达
【答案】Good morning, Ladies and gentlemen,
It’s generally accepted that forest has the functions of cooling off global temperature, refreshing the air, preserving soil and water, protecting the nature links and so on. The forest is also the key to solving the severe environmental problems.
We should do something to protect the forest. First, stop cutting down the forest blindly. If we really have to, plant more trees. Second, the government should do something to enhance people’s awareness of forest protection. Last but not the least, we can reduce the use of paper.
To protect the forest is to protect ourselves. Without the forest, we could not live on the earth either.
Thank you for your listening!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于一篇应用文。假如考生叫李华，学校学生会主席。为迎接3月21日世界森林日（World Forest Day）的到来，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，号召全校师生保护地球森林资源。。
【详解】1. 词汇积累：
盲目地：blindly→without destination
提高，增强：enhance→improve→strengthen
减少：reduce→decrease→lessen→cut down on
意识：awareness→consciousness
2. 句式拓展：
同义句转化
原句：Second, the government should do something to enhance people’s awareness of forest protection.
拓展句：Second, something should be done by the government to enhance people’s awareness of forest protection.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
It’s generally accepted that the forest has the functions of cooling off the global temperature, refreshing the air, preserving soil and water, protecting the nature links and so on. （这句话使用了that引导的主语从句。）
【高分句型2】If we really have to, plant more trees. （这句话使用了if引导的条件状语从句。）