2022-2023学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高三上学期第一次月考英语含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高三上学期第一次月考英语含解析，共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

大庆铁人中学2020级高三上学期月考
英语试题
第I卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers going to do?
A. Have lunch together. B. Move into a new apartment. C. Wait for Mike’s sister.
2. When will the plane arrive?
A. At 1:30 pm. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 2:30 pm.
3. What does the woman suggest?
A. The man should study harder.
B. The man should get more relaxation.
C. The man should not meet more people.
4. How did the man get there?
A. By taxi. B. By car. C. On foot.
5. What does the woman mean?
A. Neither Simon nor Ronald is good at the two subjects.
B. Ronald is better at history than Simon.
C. Simon likes either history or philosophy.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6，7题。
6. What do we know about the woman?
A. She noticed the problem earlier.
B. She didn’t tell the man about the problem.
C. She never listens to the man.
7. What are the speakers going to do now?
A. Stop using the Internet. B. Throw the computer away. C. Find a new Internet service.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man invite Jane to do?
A. See an exhibition. B. See a French movie. C. Attend a party.
9. When is Jane’s mother’s birthday?
A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.
10. What does Jane say about next week?
A. She can go out with the man.
B. She will be pretty busy.
C. The man can call her.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. When is the second match going to be held?
A. On Tuesday evening. B. On Saturday evening. C. On Sunday afternoon.
12. Why does Mr. Brown want to change the match time?
A. They are too tired after a long journey.
B. They need enough time to practice.
C. They need more time to rest between matches.
13. Where is the training going to be held?
A. In the Capital Gymnasium. B. In the Worker’s Gymnasium. C. In the National Stadium.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the man think of making mistakes?
A. It’s better for us to make fewer mistakes.
B. Book knowledge can help us avoid mistakes.
C. We learn by making mistakes sometimes.
15. What’s the woman’s point of saying we have limited time in our lives?
A. She thinks we don’t have that much time for experience.
B. She reminds us to treasure our time.
C. Her point is that all of us will die one day.
16. What does she mean by the last sentence?
A. She wants the man to answer the question.
B. She has doubts about her own opinion.
C. She realizes that practical experience is very important.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What can be seen in the first photo taken by Niepce?
A. His reading room. B. His garden. C. His window.
18. What is Daguerreotype?
A. A kind of picture. B. A kind of camera. C. A photographer.
19. When could people take pictures of moving things?
A. In 1826. B. In 1837. C. In 1840.
20. What’s the talk mainly about?
A. How photography developed.
B. How to show your ideas and feelings in pictures.
C. How to use different cameras.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The best restaurants for outdoor dining in Greater Boston
Beehive Restaurant (541 Tremont St., Boston)
If you want to have fun while you enjoy your meal, head to Beehive, where you get specialized brunch, cocktails, and live music with your patio(露台) dining.
“Great food and service, fun atmosphere in and out.”
—Esta E., Back Bay
Brighton Bodega (328 Washington St., Brighton) and Devlin’s Bistro & Bar (332 Washington St., Brighton)
Although these are two separate eateries, they share a patio space in Brighton. Visit Brighton Bodega for its Asian-inspired small plates and Devlin’s for the drinks menu. While you’re there, you may get to experience some live jazz.
“These sister restaurants share a lovely patio area with a good atmosphere and excellent food! I love the constantly changing and always creative Brighton Bodega menu, and the steady favorites menu of Devlin’s.”
—Wendy, Cambridge
Chart House (60 Long Wharf, Boston)
Chart House has served hungry customers in the Boston area for more than 60 years and continues to do so with its patio dining experience and “perfect views”.
“It is not in a too-crowded area. It’s not amidst cars and too many passers-by, so you can hear the water and the silence once in a while. There is parking at the back so I can drive in, dine, and drive out.”
—Lissa W., Uxbridge
Frenchie Wine Bistro (560 Tremont St., Boston)
Outdoor dining is becoming more popular in Boston, but there’s something about it that feels very European. especially at this South End spot. Sit out on the patio for its modern French menu and wide selection of wines.
“It’s just the best. Great views, food and drink, and THE BEST people watching!”
—Chris H., Boston
1. What do Beehive Restaurant and Brighton Bodega have in common?
A. Both share one patio. B. Both have great views.
C. Both provide live music. D. Both are in the same street.
2. Where should you go to enjoy a silent lunch?
A. Chart House. B. Devlin’s Bistro &Bar.
C. Beehive Restaurant. D. Frenchie Wine Bistro.
3. What is special about Frenchie Wine Bistro?
A. It is in the south of America.
B. It has a European flavor.
C. It changes its menu frequently.
D. It allows customers to drive in.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，介绍了四个大波士顿地区的露台餐厅。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Beehive Restaurant部分中“live music(现场音乐)”和Brighton Bodega部分中“live jazz(现场爵士)”可知，这两个餐馆都提供现场音乐。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据对Chart House的介绍，尤其是客户评价中“It is not in a too-crowded area. It’s not amidst cars and too many passers-by, so you can hear the water and the silence once in a while. (这不是一个太拥挤的地区。这里没有汽车和太多的行人，所以你可以偶尔听到水的声音和享受寂静)”可知，这里有安静的用餐环境。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Frenchie Wine Bistro部分的描述“Outdoor dining is becoming more popular in Boston, but there’s something about it that feels very European.( 户外餐饮在波士顿越来越受欢迎，但它有一些非常欧洲的感觉)”可知，在这里吃饭有一种到了欧洲的感觉。故选B。
B
George Turner, 48, owner of Penuel Bicycles in Inglewood, California, talks with respect about his childhood BMX dirt bike. “I was mad keen on cycling.” he says. “I did whatever it took to get on that bike, as long as I was home before dark.” Home meant housework, homework and annoying brothers. But a bike meant escapes.
In 2010, George transformed his childhood love into a livelihood, and opened his bicycle shop, Penuel Bicycles. The shop fulfilled a lifelong dream. Before that, he had worked for years delivering boxes for FedEx while selling bike accessories online.
“Bicycles kept me out of trouble” George remembers. “They were part of my life.” He figured that was still true for kids when he opened Penuel Bicycles. George expected parents to crowd inside, eager to buy shiny new bikes for their kids. He looked forward to helping boys and girls discover the joy of riding — and stay out of trouble — just as he had.
None of that happened, however.
George found that kids these days lead a different life. Usually, they don’t want a bike for their birthday. And most of them ever don’t know how to ride a bike. Instead of getting out and riding, they prefer spending their time on their phones indoors. As kids don’t ride, it is impossible that parents crowd in his shop to buy new bikes. Nine years after opening his Penuel Bicycles, George feared that he had to close the shop.
Then in 2020, the coronavirus pandemic swept the nation. Surprisingly, the pandemic saved George’s business. During the pandemic, many American people found that cycling was a good way to exercise and also a safe way to get around. The demand for new bikes kept growing and people in George’s neighborhood pulled out their old bikes and wheeled them to Penuel Bicycles to get repaired. Now he is trying his best to meet his customers’ needs and hopes that his customers can really discover the joy of riding.
4. What did the bike mean to George in his childhood?
A. Taking up sports. B. Getting away from daily routine.
C. A precious birthday gift. D. A convenient vehicle.
5. What is George’s lifelong dream?
A. Making a big fortune. B. Being a member of FedEx.
C. Opening his own bicycle shop. D. Helping people pursue riding pleasure.
6. Why was George’s bike business once in a tough situation?
A. The lifestyle of kids changed. B. He wasn’t good at management.
C. Bikes were not as charming as before. D. His business was affected by the pandemic.
7. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Joy of Wheel B. Passion for Exercise
C. Improvement of Bike Business D. Increasing Demand for New Bikes
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述乔治回忆了童年时期骑自行车的快乐和现在孩子们生活方式的改变让他们无法体会骑车的乐趣，但疫情再次让许多美国人发现骑自行车的意义。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Home meant housework, homework and annoying brothers. But a bike meant escapes.(家意味着家务、家庭作业和烦人的兄弟。但骑自行车意味着逃避)”可知，在乔治的童年时代，自行车对他意味着摆脱日常琐事。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 2010, George transformed his childhood love into a livelihood, and opened his bicycle shop, Penuel Bicycles. The shop fulfilled a lifelong dream.(2010年，乔治把童年的爱好变成了生计，开了自己的自行车店Penuel bikes。这家商店实现了他一生的梦想)”可知，乔治一生的梦想是开自己的自行车店。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“George found that kids these days lead a different life. Usually, they don’t want a bike for their birthday. And most of them ever don’t know how to ride a bike. Instead of getting out and riding, they prefer spending their time on their phones indoors. As kids don’t ride, it is impossible that parents crowd in his shop to buy new bikes. Nine years after opening his Penuel Bicycles, George feared that he had to close the shop.(乔治发现现在的孩子有了不同的生活方式。通常，他们不想要自行车作为生日礼物。他们中的大多数人都不知道如何骑自行车。比起出门骑车，他们更喜欢在室内玩手机。由于孩子们不骑自行车，父母们不可能挤进他的商店里买新自行车。在佩努埃尔自行车店开业9年后，乔治担心他不得不关闭这家店)”可推知，乔治的自行车生意一度陷入困境的原因是孩子们的生活方式改变了。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，乔治回忆了童年时期骑自行车的快乐和现在孩子们生活方式的改变让他们无法体会骑车的乐趣，但疫情再次让许多美国人发现骑自行车和意义。结合最后一段中“Now he is trying his best to meet his customers’ needs and hopes that his customers can really discover the joy of riding.(现在他正在努力满足顾客的需求，希望顾客能真正发现骑行的乐趣)”可推知，“骑行的乐趣”贯穿全文，是文章的线索，所以“Joy of Wheel (轮子上的快乐)”是最佳标题。故选A项。
C
Scientists say the plant enset, an Ethiopian staple (主食), could be a new superfood and a lifesaver in the face of climate change. “This is a crop that can play a really important role in addressing food security and sustainable development,” said a university professor in Awasa, Ethiopia.
Enset, or “false banana”, is a close relative of the banana but is consumed only in one part of Ethiopia. The banana-like fruit of the plant is inedible (无法食用的), but the stems and roots can be processed to make porridge and bread.
However, Ethiopia is isolated (隔离) by dry lowlands, which are unsuitable for enset to grow. And the procedures for enset raising and preparing require special knowledge. Therefore, despite its wild relatives distributing across Africa, enset is only used as a crop in Ethiopia and has never been widely adopted elsewhere.
Using agricultural surveys and modelling work, scientists found the crop could potentially feed more than 100 million people and boost food security in Ethiopia and other African countries.
Study researcher Dr James Borrell, of the Royal Botanic Gardens, said planting enset as an alternative crop for tough times could help support food security. “It’s got some really unusual characteristics that make it absolutely unique as a crop,” he said. Reaching ten meters tall, as few as 15 enset plants can feed a person for a year. Also, it has flexible harvest times, stores well, and is relatively drought and disease tolerant. All these features have earned it the name, “the tree against hunger”.
There is growing interest in seeking new plants to feed the world. Nearly half of all the calories we eat come from three species - rice, wheat, and corns. “We need to diversify the plants we use globally as a staple because all our eggs are in a very small basket at the moment,” said Dr Borrell.
8. What can we know about enset?
A. It is widely consumed in Ethiopia. B. Its stems and roots can serve as a staple.
C. It is mainly grown in dry lowlands. D. It distributes throughout the world.
9 What affects the wide adoption of enset?
A. Lack of related knowledge. B. Poor quality of farmland.
C. Low productivity. D. Strict storage condition.
10. Which aspect of enset is talked about in paragraph 5?
A. Its advantages. B. Its edibility. C. Its variety. D. Its distribution.
11. What does Dr Borrell mean in the last paragraph?
A. People are fed up with existing staples. B. A world of biodiversity is needed.
C. Crop varieties should be increased. D. Food security has been addressed.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是一种可以帮助应对气候变化的神奇作物——Enset。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The banana-like fruit of the plant is inedible , but the stems and roots can be processed to make porridge and bread.(这种植物的香蕉状果实不能食用，但茎和根可以加工成粥和面包。)”可知，enset的茎和根可以作为主食。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“And the procedures for enset raising and preparing require special knowledge. Therefore, despite its wild relatives distributing across Africa, enset is only used as a crop in Ethiopia and has never been widely adopted elsewhere.(enset的种植和准备的过程需要专业知识。因此，尽管它的野生近亲分布在非洲各地，但enset只在埃塞俄比亚被用作作物，从未在其他地方被广泛采用。)”可知，缺乏相关知识影响了enset的广泛采用，故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段的““It’s got some really unusual characteristics that make it absolutely unique as a crop,” he said. Reaching ten meters tall, as few as 15 enset plants can feed a person for a year. Also, it has flexible harvest times, stores well, and is relatively drought and disease tolerant. All these features have earned it the name, “the tree against hunger”.(他说:“它有一些非常不寻常的特性，使它成为绝对独特的作物。”高达十米的15株植物就能养活一个人一年。此外，它有灵活的收获时间，储存良好，并相对耐旱和抗病。所有这些特点使它赢得了“抗饥饿之树”的称号。)”可知，第五段主要讲的是这种作物的优点，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Nearly half of all the calories we eat come from three species - rice, wheat, and corns.(我们摄入的热量中有近一半来自三种作物——大米、小麦和玉米。)”和“We need to diversify the plants we use globally as a staple because all our eggs are in a very small basket at the moment(我们需要使我们在全球范围内用作主食的植物多样化，因为目前我们所有的鸡蛋都放在一个非常小的篮子里。)”可知，Borrell博士在最后一段所表达的意思是应当增加作物品种。故选C。
D
With its first public appearance at the Tokyo 2020 Olympics, rock climbing, the once less popular sport, is set to reach new heights. Yet its popularity is raising questions about the damaging environmental effects of climbing chalk—an essential climbing tool.
Made from magnesium carbonate (碳酸镁), which occurs in nature as the mineral magnesite, climbing chalk is used to improve climbers’ grip(紧握)on rocks. However, the resulting chalk marks have become so bad in the United States that parks are beginning to restrict its use. Utah’s Arches National Park allows only colored chalk that mostly matches rocks, while Colorado’s Kent Mountain Adventure Center bans all chalk.
Beyond the visual pollution, new research suggests chalk may be harming the plants that grow on rocks. The latest study on the effects of climbing chalk found that it negatively impacted four plants living on rocks in laboratory settings.
However, Daniel Hepenstrick, a co-author of the study, emphasizes that his study is far from conclusive. Additional field research needs to be done to understand the full effects of climbing chalk. But that is easier said than done. The environmental impact of rock climbing, in general, isn’t well known. “Access is one limitation, as most scientists are not climbers. Even in accessible areas, the variable terrain(地形)itself can present a challenge to measuring climbing’s effects. It’s been difficult to find the mechanisms that are potentially impacting the sensitive cliff communities,” says ecologist Peter Clark.
Climbing groups such as Access Fund are taking a wait-and-see approach to Hepenstrick's report before making any policy adjustments. “It’s data for us,” says executive director Chris Winter. “If there is a conservation concern, we take that quite seriously.”
Until additional studies can be conducted, responsibility is mostly left to climbers, who “do care about nature,” says Hepenstrick, an occasional climber himself. “You could inform them that using climbing chalk in a certain way could have an impact, and they would take that in.”
12. Why does Utah’s Arches National Park restrict climbing chalk?
A. It leaves really bad-looking marks on rocks.
B. It makes rock climbing no longer challenging.
C. It harms four plant species that grow on rocks.
D. It causes over mining of the mineral magnesite.
13. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Understanding the variable terrain of cliffs for climbing,
B. Doing field research to measure climbing chalk’s impacts.
C. Revealing the living conditions of the cliff communities.
D. Informing the public of climbing chalk’s disadvantages.
14. How are climbing groups responding to Hepenstrick’s report?
A. They want stronger evidence about it.
B. They are gradually changing their policies.
C. They've expressed deep concern about it.
D. They've decided to use more colored chalk.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Climbers can help scientists do scientific research
B. Rock climbing’s popularity raises some concerns
C. Climb the highest mountain, one step at a time
D. The Olympics make rock climbing reach new heights
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着攀岩这种运动变得流行，攀岩粉的使用越来越多，于是产生了后续的环保问题，一些专家分析了攀岩粉的危害，各方对此也展开了讨论。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Made from magnesium carbonate (碳酸镁), which occurs in nature as the mineral magnesite, climbing chalk is used to improve climbers’ grip(紧握)on rocks. However, the resulting chalk marks have become so bad in the United States that parks are beginning to restrict its use.(攀岩粉笔是由碳酸镁制成的，它在自然界中是一种矿物菱镁矿，用来提高攀岩者对岩石的抓地力。然而，由此产生的粉笔标记在美国已经变得如此糟糕，以至于公园开始限制它的使用)”可知，犹他州的拱门国家公园限制攀登粉笔是因为它会在岩石上留下很难看的痕迹。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Additional field research needs to be done to understand the full effects of climbing chalk. But that is easier said than done.(需要做更多的实地研究来了解攀爬粉笔的全部影响。但这说起来容易，做起来难)”可知，此处that指代上文提到的做更多的实地研究来了解攀爬粉笔的全部影响。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Climbing groups such as Access Fund are taking a wait-and-see approach to Hepenstrick's report before making any policy adjustments.(在做出任何政策调整之前，Access Fund等登山组织对Hepenstrick的报告持观望态度)”可知，登山组织对Hepenstrick的报告是持观望态度的，所以可以推知，登山组织对Hepenstrick的报告反应是：他们想要更有力的证据。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了随着攀岩这种运动变得流行，攀岩粉的使用越来越多，于是产生了后续的环保问题，一些专家分析了攀岩粉的危害，各方对此也展开了讨论。所以B选项“攀岩运动的流行引发了一些担忧”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Choose What to Remember, What to Forget
I was sorting through some boxes in the drawer last week when I came across a teddy bear from my childhood. ____16____ when I saw my faded old friend. In an instant I was reconnected with where I lived, who was around and how I felt.
____17____. I once had thrown away a pair of running shoes that reminded me of the difficult days. According to a recent study it’s possible to use thinking tricks to remove negative associations. And, in the process, you can learn a lot about how memory works — including how to get yours under control.
First, volunteers were shown how to create connections between an item and negative emotions. They did this using vivid mental imagery (意象) — linking a child’s sports shoes to images of a playground accident, for example, so that the object became uncomfortable to have nearby. ____18____. And this turned out to be more than just a temporary distraction (分心). It gradually weakened the bad memories — in some cases, erasing them altogether.
____19____. And you can strengthen both of these factors when you want to remember. For example: pick up a favourite present and enjoy the pictures it brings to mind. On the other hand, when you want to forget the bad associations, practice pushing away any images.
The pictures you attach to things can connect you to some extremely powerful memories, for good or bad. ____20____.
A. Unpleasant past memories flashed through my mind.
B. It shows that recall relies on associations and images.
C. Not all objects make such welcome memories, however.
D. Powerful memories flooded back from nearly 50 years before.
E. But the good news is that you can choose to remember the good things.
F. Again, strengthening the images will continually sharpen the memories.
G. Later, they were shown how to actively forget those feelings by pushing away any pictures.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了回忆与联想和画面有关，我们可以选择记住美好的事情。
【16题详解】
根据上文“I came across a teddy bear from my childhood.(偶然发现了一只童年的泰迪熊)”和下文“In an instant I was reconnected with where I lived, who was around and how I felt.(就在那一刻，我想起了我曾经住的地方、身边的人以及我的感受)”可知，作者在整理抽屉时发现童年旧物，勾起他的回忆，D项“Powerful memories flooded back from nearly 50 years before.(近50年前的强烈记忆如潮水般涌来)”符合语境，句中“from nearly 50 years before”与上文“from my childhood”相照应。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上一段讲作者在整理抽屉时发现童年的泰迪熊，勾起他的美好回忆，下文“I once had thrown away a pair of running shoes that reminded me of the difficult days.(我曾经扔掉了一双跑鞋，它让我想起了那些艰难的日子)”讲作者会扔掉带来不好回忆的旧物品，C项“Not all objects make such welcome memories, however.(然而，并不是所有的物品都有这样的美好回忆)”与上文构成转折关系，引出下文。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“First, volunteers were shown how to create connections between an item and negative emotions. They did this using vivid mental imagery (意象) — linking a child’s sports shoes to images of a playground accident, for example, so that the object became uncomfortable to have nearby.(首先，研究人员向志愿者展示了如何在物品和负面情绪之间建立联系。他们利用生动的心理意象来实现它，例如，将儿童的运动鞋和操场事故图片联系起来，这样这一物品的存在就会让人感到不舒服)”提到研究人员首先展示如何让人们在物品和负面情绪之间建立联系，下文“And this turned out to be more than just a temporary distraction (分心). It gradually weakened the bad memories — in some cases, erasing them altogether.(事实证明，这不仅仅是暂时的分心。它逐渐削弱了不好的记忆，在某些情况下，完全抹去了它们)”讲这种负面情绪，即不好的记忆，被削弱或抹去。G项“Later, they were shown how to actively forget those feelings by pushing away any pictures. (然后，研究人员向他们展示了如何通过排斥画面来主动忘记这些情绪)”介绍了削弱或抹去负面情绪的方法，下文是其结果，上下文语意连贯，且G项中“Later, they were shown how to...”与上文“First, volunteers were shown how to...”相照应。故选G项。
【19题详解】
下文“And you can strengthen both of these factors when you want to remember. For example: pick up a favourite present and enjoy the pictures it brings to mind. On the other hand, when you want to forget the bad associations, practice pushing away any images.(当你想要记忆的时候，你可以加强这两个因素。比如，拿起一件最喜欢的礼物，享受它带给你的画面。另一方面，当你想要忘记不好的联想时，练习排斥任何画面)”通过举例的方式证明，记忆可以强化，与联想和画面有关，B项“It shows that recall relies on associations and images. (这表明回忆依赖于联想和画面)”是段首中心句，下文是对它的阐述，同时B项是对上一段中实验结果的总结，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据前文可知，回忆依赖于联想和画面，我们可以选择记住美好的事情。上文“The pictures you attach to things can connect you to some extremely powerful memories, for good or bad.(你附加在事物上的画面可以将你与一些极其强大的记忆联系起来，它们可能是美好的记忆，也可能是糟糕的记忆)”讲我们的记忆可能是美好的，也可能是糟糕的，因为有了前文中的方法，所以我们可以“选择记住美好的事情”。E项“But the good news is that you can choose to remember the good things.(但好消息是，你可以选择记住美好的事情)”与上文构成转折关系，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
第三部分英语知识运用
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题中所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a day like any other. I awoke and stretched as the summer sun lay casually ____21____ my sheets. This summer was going to be different—I had my ____22____ and my car. With my new found freedom fresh on my mind, I leapt out of bed and ran to the kitchen. My mother was bent over the sink with her phone. “Yes…I’ll be there soon,” she said, then ____23____ “You need to drive me to ____24____ my truck.” she said, turning to me.
As we ____25____ our way to the car dealership, my mother kept ____26____ me this highway was dangerous, and always ___27___ with rushing cars. When we drove back home, I followed ___28___ behind my mother. Everything was fine at first. My mother put her right ____29____ on, indicating that we were to the exit. The only problem was that I was one lane over and my ____30____ was blocked by a giant truck in the right lane. Stupidly, I sped up and ____31____ to pass the truck. However, I judged everything ____32____. The most horrifying and unimaginable ____33____ announced the collision, and my car began to spin off the road. There were bloody ____34____ up and down my legs and arms, but everything ____35____ worked like it should.
Tears ____36____ in my mother’s eyes as she hugged me tight. Hours seemed like minutes, and ____37____ I knew it we were driving home in my mother’s truck. It didn’t ____38____ me until later that day, just how fragile life is. Sure, I could easily have been killed. In half a second, all my achievements and ambitions would mean ____39____. Everything I’d ever done would be all I’d ever be remembered for. Life is so fragile and deserves to be lived ____40____
21. A. through B. under C. across D. over
22. A. passport B. license C. certification D. account
23. A. hung up B. call on C. pick up D. ring up
24. A. sell B. repair C. load D. fetch
25. A. struggled B. lost C. made D. fought
26. A. reminding B. asking C. informing D. bothering
27. A. wide B. busy C. quiet D. narrow
28. A. far B. free C. hard D. close
29. A. door B. window C. signal D. wiper
30. A. path B. direction C. mirror D. truck
31. A. managed B. pretended C. ordered D. attempted
32. A. normal B. right C. wrong D. crazy
33. A. applause B. sound C. click D. tick
34. A. scars B. cuts C. bones D. bumps
35. A. never B. even C. also D. still
36. A. ran out B. welled up C. squeezed out D. held up
37. A. before B. until C. after D. while
38. A. strike B. touch C. hurt D. beat
39. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything
40. A. to the end B. to the point C. to the extent D. to the fullest
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。作者是一名初拿驾照的司机，开车载妈妈去取她的卡车，在回来的路上意外遭遇车祸，但终幸免于难，并由此而引发了珍惜生活的感慨。
【21题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：当夏日的阳光随意地洒在我的床单上时，我醒了，伸了伸懒腰。A. through 通过；B. under 在下面；C. across 跨越；D. over 在上方。根据常识，阳光是布满了整个床单，所以“跨越”符合语境。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我拥有了驾照和汽车。A. passport 护照；B. license 执照；C. certification 证明；D. account 账户。由句中“car”及文章的意思可知，作者是有了驾照。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她说道，然后挂了电话。A. hung up 挂电话；B. call on 号召、呼吁；C. pick up 捡起、用车接；D.ring up打电话。由前文“My mother was bent over the sink with her phone.”可知，妈妈正在打电话，因此这里应该是说完后挂了电话。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你需要开车载我去取我的卡车。A. sell 卖、出售；B. repair 修理；C. load 装载；D. fetch 去取来。由第二段“When we drove back home, I followed __8__ behind my mother. ”可知，我们开车回家时，我和妈妈一人开一辆车，我跟在妈妈后面开，因此我是开车带妈妈去取她的车。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们前往汽车经销商处时，妈妈一直在提醒我这条高速路很危险。A. struggled 挣扎、奋斗；B. lost 丢失、失去；C. made 使、制造；make one's way to 前往；D. fought 打仗、打架。由句意可知，这里是指我们正前往汽车经销商处。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们前往汽车经销商处时，妈妈一直在提醒我这条高速路很危险，总是有疾驶的车辆。A. reminding 提醒；B. asking 询问；C. informing 通知；D. bothering 打扰。由前文可知，作者初拿驾照，是个新手，对路况不熟悉，所以妈妈是提醒他道路危险比较符合语境。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们前往汽车经销商处时，妈妈一直在提醒我这条高速路很危险，总是有疾驶的车辆。A. wide 宽阔的；B. busy 忙碌的、繁华的、熙熙攘攘的；C. quiet 安静的；D. narrow 狭窄的。 由句中可知，妈妈说这条高速路很危险，所以“这条高速路上总是熙熙攘攘的”比较符合语境。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们开车回家时，我紧随妈妈的车后。A. far 远的；B. free 自由的；C. hard 困难的；D. close 近的。由前文可知，妈妈提醒我这条路很危险，作为一名新的驾驶员，应该是紧跟妈妈车后符合语境。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈打开她的右转向灯，表明我们要去出口。A. door 门；B. window 窗户；C. signal 信号；D. wiper 雨刷。由前文可知，作者和妈妈正开车在路上，想要提示后方行驶的方向，需要开启转向灯。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：唯一的问题是我在另一条车道上，我的路被右边车道上的一辆大卡车挡住了。A. path 路线、小道；B. direction 方向；C. mirror 镜子；D. truck 卡车。由上文可知，作者想要跟随妈妈右转，所以右边的大卡车应该是挡住了他的路。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很愚蠢地，我加速试图超过那辆卡车。A. managed 设法做成；B. pretended 假装；C. ordered 命令；D. attempted 试图。作者由前文可知，卡车挡住了作者的路，所以作者加速是为了尝试去超过卡车。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我每件事都判断错了。A. normal 正常的；B. right 正确的；C. wrong 错误的；D. crazy 疯狂的。 由下一句中的“collision”可知，作者的车和卡车相撞了，说明他认为自己加速可以超车的判断错了。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最可怕和不可思议的声音宣布了两车相撞。A. applause 掌声；B. sound 声音；C. click 点击；D. tick 对钩、滴答声。根据常识，两车相撞会发出巨大的声音。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的胳膊和腿上上下下都是流血的伤口，但是一切仍然按照应该的样子继续。A. scars 伤疤；B. cuts 伤口；C. bones 骨头；D. bumps 肿块。由前文可知发生了车祸，作者的胳膊和腿应该是受了伤，伤口在流血。故选B.
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我胳膊和腿上上下下都是流血的伤口，但是一切仍然按照应该的样子继续。A. never 决不、从未；B. even 甚至；C. also 也；D. still 仍然。这里是指作者虽然受了伤，但周围的一切还是照样在继续，并没有改变什么，still比较符合语境。故选D。

【36题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我母亲紧紧地拥抱着我，她的眼睛里涌出了泪水。A. ran out 跑出、用完；B. welled up 涌出、涌上；C. squeezed out 挤出；D. held up 举起。作者受了伤，妈妈肯定非常难过，所以“眼里流出泪水”符合语境。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在我知道之前，我们正坐在妈妈驾驶的卡车里回家。A. before 在……之前；B. until 直到；C. after 在……之后；D. while 当……时候。由下一句“ It didn’t __18__ me until later that day,”可知，作者知道后来才想起那天的事情，说明妈妈在开车带他回家时他还未清醒，还不知道发生了什么。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到后来我才突然想到那天，只是生命是多么的脆弱。A. strike 打、击；it strikes sb that...某人突然想起……。B. touch 触摸、触动；C. hurt 伤害；D. beat 敲、击、打败。由上一句可知，作者在回家的路上还没有清醒，一直到后来才突然想起来了。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：半秒钟后，我所有的成就和抱负都会没有任何意义。A. something 某物、某事；B. everything 所有的事物；C. nothing 没有什么；D. anything 任何事物。由前文作者感叹生命脆弱，及上一句“I could easily have been killed.”（我那时可能很容易地就被撞死了。）可知，作者认为生命很脆弱，死亡就是一瞬间的事情，人死了，过去所得到的一切和雄心壮志都没了意义。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：生命如此脆弱，值得我们尽情生活。A. to the end 直到最后；B. to the point 中肯、切题；C. to the extent 到……的程度；D. to the fullest 尽情地、充分地。结合全文主题思想，作者认为生命很脆弱，我们应该珍惜生活，在有生之年过得充实、尽情享受生活。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷
第一节语法填空（共10题，每题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earlier this June, the Olympic Council of Asia announced that the 2022 Asian Games, ___41___ were originally scheduled for September in Hangzhou, would be postponed due to the pandemic situation. According to the Games’ organizing committee, all 56 competition venues and 31 training venues will be ____42____ (gradual) opened to the public from July 1.
Sports centers with relatively low operation costs will provide free admission to their gymnasiums, squares, and track and field venues. Those ____43____ (design) to host competitions—such as rowing, shooting and cycling — will hire professional teams to run the venues and maintain facilities. It ____44____ (expect) that these venues will offer sports-related experience activities to the public. Venues located in universities will stage ___45___(variety) of sports events, improving their utilization (使用) beyond their daily use in students’ education.
The committee has promised to open venues ____46____ a controlled and orderly manner as it tries to protect and maintain the quality of the facilities. Each venue will establish an operation and maintenance team ____47____ (ensure) that the venue will meet the requirements of the Asian Games.
____48____ opening of the venues and facilities emphasizes the important roles that the 2022 Asian Games play in enhancing sports culture, meeting the____49____ (grow ) needs of citizens, ____50____ gaining experience for holding high-level competitions.
【答案】41. which
42 gradually
43. designed
44. is expected
45. varieties
46. in 47. to ensure
48. The 49. growing
50. and
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。原定于2022年9月在杭州举办的亚运会因疫情被宣布延期。文章主要介绍了组委会为保证亚运会的比赛和训练场馆能在7月1日对外开放，所做的一系列工作。
【41题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：今年6月初，亚奥理事会宣布原定于2022年9月在杭州举办的亚运会因疫情将被延期。分析句子可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“the 2022 Asian Games”，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：根据亚运会组委会，所有的56个比赛场馆和31个训练场馆将会从7月1日起对公众开放。分析句子可知，此处应为副词，修饰动词“opened ”。故填gradually。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：那些被设计来举办比赛的体育中心-例如赛艇、射击、自行车比赛-会聘请专业的团队来运营这些场馆、维护设施。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词，与“Those”构成被动关系，作后置定语修饰“Those”，应用过去分词形式。故填designed。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：人们预料这些场馆会向公众提供与体育相关的体验活动。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词；根据本段的时间范畴及句意，应为一般现在时；“It”为形式主语，后面是以“that”引导的主语从句，由句意可知，应为被动语态。故填is expected。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：位于大学里的场馆将会举办各种各样的体育比赛。固定短语varieties of 意为：各种各样的。故填varieties。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：组委会承诺以一种可控的、有序的方式开放场馆，因为要努力保护和维持设施的质量。分析句子可知，此处应为介词。固定短语in a ... manner 意为：以一种……的方式。故填in。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每个场馆都会成立一个运营和维护团队来确保场馆满足亚运会的需要。分析句子可知，此处应为非谓语动词；由句子可知，成立团队的目的是要确保满足需要，所以ensure表示谓语动词的目的，应用不定动词作目的状语。故填to ensure。
【48题详解】
考查冠词。句意：场馆和设施的开放强调了2022亚运会在加强体育文化方面起到的重要作用。分析句子可知，此处应为冠词，特指前面提到过的场馆和设施的开放；句首字母大写。故填The。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：满足市民日益增长的需求。分析句子可知，此处应为非谓语动词形式，作定语，修饰“needs”,表示正在增长的，应用现在分词形式。故填growing。
【50题详解】
考查连词。句意：并且为举办高水平的比赛获得经验。由句中“enhancing, meeting, gaining”可知，这三个非谓语动词为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
第二节短文改错（满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有三处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear editor,
I’m sorry to occupy your precious time, and I really want to tell you anything about the problem of some people keeping too many pets nowadays. I take the problem more and more seriously for the following reasons. First of all, as it is known to people, pets make so much noise that trouble residents a lot. What’s more, it is widely accepted that animal waste pollute the environment, which makes people quite uncomfortable. Many owners like taking his pets to public places where they may frighten children or even bite people. The mostly important is that pets can spread some diseases and this has attracted many attention. Take all these factors into consideration, I sincerely hope that I can get help from you and expect the media do something for this.
Yours truly,
Wang Lin
【答案】1. and→but 2. anything→something 3. 删除it 4. that 后加they 或 trouble→troubles 5. pollute→pollutes 6. his→their 7. mostly→most 8. many→much 9. Take→Taking 10. do→to do 或do前加will
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇书信体应用文。作者给媒体的主编写信，陈述了养宠物带来的种种弊端，希望能够得到媒体的帮助。
【详解】
1. 考查连词。句意：我很抱歉占用您宝贵的时间，但是我真的想要告诉您某些关于现在一些人养太多宠物的问题。分析本句可知，作者对占用编辑时间感到抱歉与后面要讲述一些问题属于转折关系。故将and 改为but。
2. 考查不定代词。句意：我很抱歉占用您宝贵的时间，但是我真的想要告诉您某些关于现在一些人养太多宠物的问题。本句为肯定句，anything表达某事、物时，一般用于否定句或疑问句中，something用于肯定句中。故将anything 改为something。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：首先，正如人们所知道的，宠物制造了如此多的噪音，以至于非常扰民。本句中as引导了非限制性定语从句，代替后面的先行句，as在句中作主语，所以it是多余的单词。故将it删除。
4. 考查状语从句或定语从句。句意：首先，正如人们所知道的，宠物制造了如此多的噪音，以至于非常扰民。本句中so...that...可引导结果状语从句，that后缺少主语，应加上they，指代pets；本句中that也可以引导定语从句，先行词为noise，that在从句中作主语，代替noise，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式troubles。故可以在that后加they或将trouble改为troubles。
5. 考查主谓一致。句意：而且，人们普遍认可动物粪便污染环境。在that引导的主语从句中，animal waste是主语，属于第三人称单数形式，本句为一般现在时，所以谓语动词pollute应用三单形式pollutes。故将pollute 改为pollutes。
6. 考查人称代词。句意：许多主人喜欢带他们的宠物去公共场所，宠物在那里可能会吓着孩子或甚至咬人。根据句意，主人们带着他们的宠物，应为their pets。故将his改为their。
7. 考查形容词的最高级。句意：最重要的是宠物能够传播疾病，这已经引起了许多关注。important的最高级应为the most important。故将mostly改为most。
8. 考查形容词。句意：最重要的是宠物能够传播疾病，这已经引起了许多关注。attention为不可数名词，应用much修饰。故将many改为much。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：考虑所有这些因素，我真诚地希望我能够得到您的帮助，并期待媒体能为此而做些事情。分析句子可知，Take为非谓语动词，在句中作原因状语，由句意应为主动形式，所以应用现在分词形式。故将Take 改为Taking。
10. 考查非谓语动词或宾语从句。句意：考虑所有这些因素，我真诚地希望我能够得到您的帮助，并期待媒体能为此而做些事情。expect后可跟固定搭配形式：expect sb to do sth（期待某人做某事），所以句中的do应为to do；expect后也可跟宾语从句，“the media do something for this”为省略连词that的宾语从句，根据句意，谓语动词应用一般将来时will do。故将do改为to do或do前加will。
第三节书面表达（满分25分）
52. 母亲节是一个感谢母亲的节日。假设你是晨光中学的李津。2022年的母亲节过后，你的美国好友Chris通过电子邮件询问母亲节这一天你为你的妈妈都做了些什么。请你用英语给他回复一封电子邮件，内容包括：
(1) 2022年的母亲节你为妈妈做了什么；
(2) 妈妈的反应（如情感、话语表达等）；
(3) 你的感想。
注意：
(1) 词数不少于100；
(2) 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
(3) 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
I’m so glad to receive your e-mail asking what I did for my mother on this year’s Mother’s Day.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Chris,
I’m so glad to receive your e-mail asking what I did for my mother on this year’s Mother’s Day. As you know, this year, Mother’s Day fell on May 8th, which is just before the University Entrance Exam. So, I decided to do something special for my mum. I made a pretty Mother's Day card with the words “Happy Mother’s day! Thank you for everything you’ve done for me over the years, mom. I’ll love you forever!” in it and gave it to my mother with a hug and kiss. I still remember how bright my mother’s eyes were and how excited she was at my gift.
Besides, under the guidance of my father, I tried baking a fruit cake and preparing a great seafood dinner for my mother, which delighted my mom so much. She expressed her thanks in exciting words, wishing that I would strengthen confidence and perform well in the coming University Entrance Exam.
There are various ways to show appreciation for mothers but what I want to say is that we should learn to be grateful for everything that our parents bring to us.
Hope that you can share your feelings about Mother’s Day with me.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生回复美国好友Chris一封电子邮件，向Chirs介绍在母亲节这一天考生为妈妈做了哪些事情以及妈妈的反应。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
决定：decide→determine
此外：besides→in addition
感谢：appreciation→thanks/acknowledgement
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：So, I decided to do something special for my mum.
拓展句：so, I determined to do something that was special for my mum.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As you know, this year, Mother’s Day fell on May 8th, which is just before the University Entrance Exam.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。)
【高分句型2】She expressed her thanks in exciting words, wishing that I would strengthen confidence and perform well in the coming University Entrance Exam.(运用了现在分词wishing作伴随状语。)
听力答案:1-5 ACBBA 6-10 ACACB 11-15 CCACA 16-20 CBACA