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2022-2023学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高二上学期第一次月考英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高二上学期第一次月考英语试题含解析，共29页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满 7， B， Where is Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
大庆铁人中学2021级高二学年上学期月考
英语试题
第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman going to do this evening?
A. Go to dance. B. Go to see a play. C. Go to see a film.
2. Where can the woman find teacups?
A. Near the teapot. B. In the cupboard. C. Behind the kettle.
3. When did the man begin waiting at the station?
A. At 7:00. B. At 6:30. C. At 7:30.
4. Where is Mr. Martin?
A. At lunch. B. In No.1 Middle School. C. At his office.
5. Why is the woman worried?
A. Kate is going to drive a long way.
B. Kate plans to go to Colorado where there may be a heavy snow.
C. Kate will spend her holiday in Colorado.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 22. 5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 8 题。
6. What's the matter with Jack?
A. There is a pain in his throat. B. He has a headache. C. He can't speak well.
7. Why doesn't Jack want to go to see the doctor?
A. He has taken some medicine.
B. He is short of money.
C. He doesn't want to miss any work.
8. What's the woman's opinion of missing 2 or 3 days?
A. It's worth resting 2 or 3 days to cure his illness.
B. It's hardly worth staying in bed.
C It's better to stay at home for 10 or 20 days.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 9 至 11 题。
9. What's the woman going to buy?
A. Some modern musical instruments.
B. Some records of modern guitar music.
C. Some modern guitars.
10. What happened to the records given by father?
A. The woman dropped them on the ground and broke them.
B. The woman left them in the shop.
C. The woman sat on the case and broke them.
11. Where are the Bream's records now?
A. On the shelf. B. In the shop window. C. In the suitcase.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 12 至 14 题。
12. Where does the conversation take place?
A. On a train. B. In the department store. C. Near a bus stop.
13. What did the man do?
A. He hurt the woman.
B. He helped the woman carry the bags.
C. He knocked the bags to the ground.
14. What's the woman like?
A. She is kind. B. She is rude. C. She is apologetic.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 15 至 17 题。
15. Where does the conversation take place?
A. On the way home. B. In a library. C. In a book store.
16. Why does the man need help?
A. He has hurt his arms.
B. He has too many books to carry.
C. He wants to discuss about his job.
17. Why does the man buy these books?
A. Because they are cheap.
B. Because he wants to open a bookshop.
C. Because he wants to give some to the woman.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. Why do Robert and Joanna not go to school?
A. Because they don't like school.
B. Because they live too far away.
C. Because their families are too poor.
19. What must each child have in order to have classes?
A. A big car. B. A room with blackboard. C. A special radio.
20. How does the teacher in “the center” of Australia teach?
A. Teach without using any textbooks.
B. Teach by speaking only.
C. Teach by speaking but can't hear the students' voice.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Big messaging apps abroad
While WeChat is China's biggest mobile messaging app, there are many alternative apps in other countries that offer similar features.
WhatsApp (US)
Users: more than 600 million
Platforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry
Features: text chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharing
With more than 600 million active users, WhatsApp is one of WeChat's biggest competitors. Developed by two ex-Yahoo employees in 2009, WhatsApp originally focused on text chat, but on Aug. 6 it also started push-to-talk service. It's noted for its accessibility, ease of use and the absence of advertisements. The service is free for the first year, after which $ 0.99 (6.57 yuan) is charged for one-year use.
KakaoTalk (South Korea)
Users: more than 100 million
Platforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and Bada (an operating system developed by Samsung)
Features: text chat, group chat, push-to-talk, group calls, file sharing
With more than 100 million users in more than 230 countries, KakaoTalk is a multi-platform texting application that allows users to send and receive messages for free. With Kakao Talk, users can message each other one-on-one or in group chats with unlimited numbers of friends. You can also choose from many lively emoticons and share them with friends.
Line (Japan)
Users: more than 600 million
Platforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and PC
Features: text chat, group chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharing, gaming, stickers
Line tops the list of the most downloaded free apps in 52 countries. Apart from text and voice messaging, Line provides its users with more than 250 original stickers and emoticons to buy from its own shop. In the first quarter of 2018 alone, it made $ 17 million just from stickers. The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the LINE GAME.
1. Compared with the other two apps which of the following features makes Line stand out?
A. Group mobile games. B. Free emoticons.
C. Free downloads of the app. D. Text and group chat.
2. Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Users can always send and receive messages for free with WhatsApp.
B. Users can share files with any of the three apps.
C. KakaoTalk frees users from unwanted advertisements.
D. Line is the most popular one of the three apps.
3. In which part of the newspaper may this article be found?
A. Advertisement. B. Economy and Finance.
C. Entertainment. D. Science and Technology.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要描述了世界上三个地区的主要的三款社交软件，美国的WhatsApp，南韩的KakaoTalk以及日本的Line和这三款软件分别的特点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the LINE GAME.（这款广受欢迎应用还允许朋友们在LINE GAME中相互战斗。）”，再比较前面的两款应用功能可知，另外两款没有提到能让朋友们一起玩游戏。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据WhatsApp (US)部分“Features: text chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharing（功能：文字聊天，按下对讲，文件共享，位置共享）”、KakaoTalk (South Korea)部分“Features: text chat, group chat, push-to-talk, group calls, file sharing（功能：文字聊天、群聊、一键对讲、群呼、文件共享）”和Line (Japan)部分“Features: text chat, group chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharing, gaming, stickers（功能：文字聊天、群聊、一键聊天、文件共享、位置共享、游戏、贴图）”可知，三款软件都可以用于文件共享，故“用户可以与这三款应用中的任何一款共享文件”正确。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文后发现，文章主要介绍了在美国，韩国以及日本的主要社交软件，以及这些软件分别的特点，软件开发是属于科技范畴，因此这篇文章可能会在科技报纸上出现。故选D项。
B
In January 1958, Rachel Carson received a letter from her fiend Olga Owens Huckins. Huckins lived in an area of Massachusetts where the state was trying to get rid of mosquitoes. They had used planes to spray a mixture of fuel oil and DDT (a pesticide, which can kill pests such as insects, weeds and rodents) all over the area around Huckins home. DDT was supposedly harmless but the morning after the spraying. Huckins found several of her favorite birds dead outside her house. And the spraying did not even kill all of the mosquitoes, in fact that summer there were more of them than ever before. Huckins asked Carson if she knew someone in Washington that could help prevent future spraying.
Carson had been hearing about DDT since a Swiss chemist discovered it could be used to kill insects in 1939. To many people, DDT seemed like a miracle substance. Farmers were excited about saving their crops from pests. Doctors and others were excited about saving people's lives by killing disease-carrying insects. But to Carson. DDT appeared to be dangerous to all living creatures.
The more Carson found out about DDT and other pesticides, the more she realized that she needed to help stop future spraying. Carson decided to write a book about pesticides. She said, “There would be no future peace for me if I kept silent.” She called her book Silent Spring.
Carson had spent her life studying, observing, and writing about nature. She was a trained biologist and a talented writer who knew how to present scientific information in compelling stories. Before Silent Spring, she had written other books from the perspective of fish birds, islands and oceans. Carson knew that all things in nature exist in a delicately balanced ecosystem. In Silent Spring, Carson wrote that. although the ecosystem can adjust to changes, it needs time. Carson believed that people u the 1950s were using pesticides carelessly Nature didn’t have time to adjust, wrote Carson, because so any pesticides had been used in such large quantities in such short tame.
4. Why did Huckins write a letter to Rachel Carson?
A. To tell her some bad news. B. To turn to her for help.
C. To advise her to write a book. D. To ask her some questions.
5. Which of the effects the spraying of the mixture in Massachusetts had is right?
A. It killed pests such as insects, weeds and rodents around Huckins' home.
B. It killed all of the mosquitoes.
C. There were more birds than ever before
D. It had bad effects on ecosystem.
6. Who would not be happy with DDT?
A. Gardeners. B. Farmers. C. Doctors. D. Biologists.
7. What's the best title of the passage?
A. Rachel Carson's research on nature B. Rachel Carson's life
C. Rachel Carson's Silent Spring D. DDT's bad effects on ecosystem
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了美国生物学家Rachel Carson关注农药对环境的影响，写了《寂静的春天》等书籍。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Huckins asked Carson if she knew someone in Washington that could help prevent future spraying.( Huckins问Carson，她在华盛顿是否认识可以帮助防止未来喷洒的人)”可知，Huckins写信给Rachel Carson是为了求助。故选B。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“DDT was supposedly harmless but the morning after the spraying. Huckins found several of her favorite birds dead outside her house. And the spraying did not even kill all of the mosquitoes, in fact that summer there were more of them than ever before.( DDT本来是无害的，但在喷洒后的第二天早上。Huckins发现她最喜欢的几只鸟死在她的房子外面。喷洒甚至没有杀死所有的蚊子，事实上，夏天的蚊子比以往任何时候都多)”可知，在马萨诸塞州喷洒混合物对生态系统有不好的影响。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“They had used planes to spray a mixture of fuel oil and DDT (a pesticide, which can kill pests such as insects, weeds and rodents) all over the area around Huckins home.(他们用飞机将燃油和DDT（一种杀虫剂，可以杀死昆虫、杂草和啮齿动物等害虫）的混合物喷洒在哈克金斯家周围的地区)”以及第二段中“Farmers were excited about saving their crops from pests. Doctors and others were excited about saving people's lives by killing disease-carrying insects. But to Carson. DDT appeared to be dangerous to all living creatures.(农民们对挽救庄稼免受虫害感到兴奋。医生和其他人对通过杀死携带疾病的昆虫来拯救人们的生命感到兴奋)”可推知，生物学家对DDT不满意。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“The more Carson found out about DDT and other pesticides, the more she realized that she needed to help stop future spraying. Carson decided to write a book about pesticides. She said, “There would be no future peace for me if I kept silent.” She called her book Silent Spring.( Carson对DDT和其他杀虫剂了解得越多，她就越意识到她需要帮助停止未来的喷洒。Carson决定写一本关于杀虫剂的书。 她说：“如果我保持沉默，就不会有未来的和平。”她把她的书命名为《寂静的春天》)”结合介绍了美国生物学家Rachel Carson关注农药对环境的影响，写了《寂静的春天》等书籍。可知，C选项“Rachel Carson的《寂静的春天》”最符合文章标题。故选C。
C
Almost 80% of the Americans have stated their opposition to cloning pet animals such as cats and dogs, yet companies still try to make a business out of selling cloned pets. Pet cloning has been promoted as a way to “bring back” or “copy” a beloved companion animal. However, studies have shown that cloning remains an experimental technology with many failures.
Behind each lovely picture of a cloned cat or dog lie hundreds of animals that were kept in lab cages, receiving bad treatment to produce just that one cloned animal. For all that, you end up with a cloned animal who is unlikely to appear like the original physically or behaviorally and may experience serious health problems. Also, while pet cloning companies are charging customers up to $150,000 for a cloned pet, millions of homeless animals of the same species are available in US animal shelters for around $100. Unfortunately, most of these animals are killed for lack of adopting homes.
With No Pet Cloning campaign, the American Anti-Vivisection Society (AAVS) tries to protect both animals and people from harm. They campaigned until the US companies that sold cloned animals closed their doors. First it was Genetic Savings & Clone Inc. and then it was BioArts International.
When BioArts was closed, its owner, Lou Hawthorne, finally had to acknowledge the problems of pet cloning. According to Hawthorne, he has seen numerous failures during his pet cloning attempts, “One clone—which was supposed to be black and white—was born greenish-yellow where it should have been white (we still have no good explanation for how that happened).”
The AAVS is educating the public about the animal suffering and is seeking regulation of cloning activities. They will continue to take the lead in protecting animals from the threats of pet cloning.
8. From the passage, we know that ____.
A. pets are often deserted by their owners
B. more and more people have joined the AAVS
C. most American are against cloning pet animals
D. the American Anti-Vivisection Society is supported by the government
9. According to the passage, companies keep on selling cloned pets to ____.
A. carry on scientific studies B. comfort animal lovers
C. protect pet animals D. get economic interests
10. What does the author try to do by writing the second paragraph?
A. To tell the truth behind pet cloning.
B. To show the method of pet cloning.
C. To compare pet animals with homeless ones.
D. To save the animals kept in labs and shelters.
11. According to the passage, the AAVS devotes itself to ____.
A. getting most countries to fight against pet cloning
B. stopping US companies' selling cloned animals
C. saving lots of animals from bad situations
D. improving the technology of pet cloning
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着克隆技术的发展，很多公司开始克隆猫狗等宠物，而大多数的美国人反对这一做法，以及动物保护组织AAVS也一直在努力，保护动物免受克隆的威胁。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一自然段“Almost 80% of the Americans have stated their opposition to cloning pet animals such as cats and dogs, yet companies still try to make a business out of selling cloned pets.(几乎80%的美国人已经声明他们反对克隆宠物动物，如猫和狗，但公司仍然试图通过出售克隆宠物来赚钱。)” 可知，文章在首段点明主题，可以看出美国人反对克隆动物。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一自然段“yet companies still try to make a business out of selling cloned pets.(但公司仍然试图通过出售克隆宠物来赚钱。)”可知，公司出售克隆动物的原因是为了获取利益。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段第一句话“Behind each lovely picture of a cloned cat or dog lie hundreds of animals that were kept in lab cages, receiving bad treatment to produce just that one cloned animal.(在每一张克隆猫或克隆狗的可爱照片背后，都是数百只被关在实验室笼子里的动物，为了制造出那只克隆动物而受到恶劣的对待。)”可知，我们所看到的可爱的克隆动物图片背后，其实是很多动物被关在实验室里受到恶劣对待的事实；作者在向读者揭示这一事实。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三自然段“They campaigned until the US companies that sold cloned animals closed their doors.(他们一直在努力，直到出售克隆动物的美国公司关门。)”和最后一个自然段“They will continue to take the lead in protecting animals from the threats of pet cloning.(他们将继续带头保护动物免受宠物克隆的威胁。)”可知，AAVS致力于保护动物不受到克隆的伤害，阻止美国公司售卖克隆动物。故选B项。
D
As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says.
“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”
Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
12. What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?
A. The right way of exercising. B. The causes of a heart attack.
C. The difficulty of keeping fit. D. The aging process of the heart.
13. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?
A. Diet plan. B. Professional background.
C. Exercise type. D. Previous physical condition.
14. What does Levine’s research find?
A. Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.
B. High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.
C. It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
D. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
15. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?
A. Making use of the findings. B. Interviewing the study participants.
C. Conducting further research. D. Clarifying the purpose of the study.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是锻炼对于心脏的好处。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的““Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart.(“想想橡皮筋。一开始，它是灵活的，但把它放在抽屉里20年，它就会变得干燥，很容易破碎，”德克萨斯大学的心脏专家本·莱文博士说。这就是心脏的变化。)”可知，莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程，故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.(第一组每周参加三次非有氧运动——平衡训练和重量训练。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动。)”可知，两组在研究设计上的不同在于运动类型的不同，故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.(第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动。两年后，第二组的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。)”和第四段的““We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine.(莱文说:“我们把这些50岁的心脏的时钟拨回30或35岁的心脏。”)”可知，莱文的研究发现了通过有氧运动，中年人的心脏会变得更年轻，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.(但这项研究的规模很小，需要在更大的人群中重复进行，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响。)”可知，妮卡·戈德堡博士建议进行进一步的研究。故选C。
第二节阅读七选五（本大题共 5 小题，共 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is culture? Culture is too complex to define in simple terms. ____16____ One is that culture is a total pattern of behaviour that is consistent in its components. Another fundamental is that culture is learned behaviour. The third is that culture is behaviour that is shared by a group of people.
To understand the culture of a particular country or region, one could examine its components, among which are material culture, language, and social organization. Material culture includes the tools and symbols in a society, not including those physical things found in nature, unless they have undergone some change or have been given meaning by people. ____17____ The way we consume and what we consume are heavily influenced by material culture.
____18____ Linked with all other aspects of culture, it reflects the nature and values of that culture. Industrialized societies have a rich vocabulary for commercial and industrial activities, while less industrialized societies may have richer vocabularies for matters important to their societies. The Eskimos in Alaska have many words to describe snow whereas English has only one general term.
Social organization differs somewhat from society to society. The primary kind of community association is based on blood ties. ____19____ It provides mutual protection, psychological support and a kind of economic insurance or social security for its members. The term “brothers” in Zaire includes those whom we call cousins and uncles.
Cultural analysis serves a variety of purposes. Understanding the various dimensions and their inter-relatedness helps promote cross-cultural awareness. ____20____
A. Language is the most obvious difference between cultures.
B. Some scholars even suggest that it is useless to try.
C. The values represented within a culture can also change with the passing of time.
D. However, there are certain agreed-on fundamentals that can be easily identified.
E. In many developing countries, the extended family fulfils several social and economic roles.
F. For example, a mouse running on a street is not part of a culture, but the Mickey Mouse is.
G. It leads on to the promotion of goodwill, social and economic planning and harmony between social groupings or societies.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了构成文化的三个方面。
【16题详解】
根据后文“One is that culture is a total pattern of behaviour that is consistent in its components. Another fundamental is that culture is learned behaviour. The third is that culture is behaviour that is shared by a group of people.(一是文化是一种行为的整体模式，其组成部分是一致的。另一个基本原则是，文化是后天习得的行为。第三，文化是一群人共同的行为)”可知，这三种基本原则正是对D项“However, there are certain agreed-on fundamentals that can be easily identified.(然而，在一些容易确定的基本原则上存在某些共识)”中“there are certain agreed-on fundamentals”的详细说明。故选D。
【17题详解】
前文“Material culture includes the tools and symbols in a society, not including those physical things found in nature, unless they have undergone some change or have been given meaning by people.(物质文化包括社会中的工具和符号，不包括自然界中的物质，除非它们经历了一些变化或被人们赋予了意义)”在讲解物质文化包括的内容，F项“For example, a mouse running on a street is not part of a culture, but the Mickey Mouse is.(例如，街上的老鼠不是文化的一部分，但米老鼠却是)”是对物质文化的举例。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据第二段的第一句“To understand the culture of a particular country or region, one could examine its components, among which are material culture, language, and social organization.(要了解一个特定国家或地区的文化，可以考察其组成部分，其中包括物质文化、语言和社会组织)”可知，其后的内容是按照物质文化、语言和社会组织三方面进行阐述的，设空处前一段已对物质文化做了解释，按照文章逻辑此段内容应为语言，A项“Language is the most obvious difference between cultures.(语言是不同文化之间最明显的差异)”从整体上概述了语言特征，且从后文中出现的“vocabulary”和“words”也可看出，本段在讲述语言。故选A。.
【19题详解】
后文“It provides mutual protection, psychological support and a kind of economic insurance or social security for its members.(它为其成员提供相互保护、心理支持和经济保险或社会保障)”中的“mutual protection, psychological support and a kind of economic insurance or social security for its members”是对E项“In many developing countries, the extended family fulfils several social and economic roles.(在许多发展中国家，大家庭承担着多种社会和经济角色)”中“several social and economic roles”的列举。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Understanding the various dimensions and their inter-relatedness helps promote cross-cultural awareness.(了解各方面及其相互关系有助于提高跨文化意识)”可知，了解文化的构成是有好处的，G项“It leads on to the promotion of goodwill, social and economic planning and harmony between social groupings or societies.(它促进善意、社会和经济规划以及社会团体或社会之间的和谐)”中的it指代“了解文化构成”，承接前文，继续说这样可以带来的好处。故选G。
第三部分语言知识运用（共三节，满分 45 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The concept of solitude（独处）in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be ___21___. Solitude can be hard to discover once it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have ___22___ our culture.
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) ___23___ as we've known it. People have become so ___24___ in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted even if they'd rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog, not only from our ___25___，but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become ___26___ on digital technology simply because they've grown accustomed to it, and at this point not ___27___ it would make them an outsider. Also, many jobs and careers require people to be ___28___．From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a ___29___ to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.
I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who ___30___ wants it. Computers can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be "connected" and "on" has many ___31___, as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up ___32___ on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel ___33___ and forced to answer unwanted calls or ___34___ to unwanted texts.
Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society ___35___across generations. Some find today's technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone's view on the subject, it's hard to imagine what life would belike without daily advancements in technology.
21. A. updated B. received C. shared D. collected
22. A. respected B. shaped C. ignored D. preserved
23. A. edge B. stage C. end D. balance
24. A. sensitive B. intelligent C. considerate D. reachable
25. A. media B. computers C. databases D. monitors
26. A. bent B. hard C. keen D. dependent
27. A. finding B. using C. protecting D. changing
28. A. connected B. trained C. recommended D. interested
29. A. pleasure B. benefit C. burden D. disappointment
30. A. slightly B. hardly C. merely D. really
31. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptions
32. A. hidden B. lost C. relaxed D. deserted
33. A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused
34. A. turn B. submit C. object D. reply
35. A. vary B. arise C. spread D. exist
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为议论文。独处理念在当今数码世界几乎不复存在，新技术使我们连接成了一个社会，并塑造了我们的文化。能够被连接在一起既有优势也有弊端。不管人们对这一话题持何种态度，如果没有日常技术进步，很难想象生活会是什么样子。
【详解】1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在数字技术、电子邮件、社交网络和在线视频游戏的世界里，信息意味着共享。A.updated更新；B.received接收；C.shared分享；D.collected收集。根据上一句“The concept of solitude（独处）in the digital world is almost non-existent. ”可知，独处理念在数码世界几乎不存在，因此信息的意义在于分享。故选C。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：从这方面来说，新技术塑造了我们的文化。A.respected尊重；B.shaped塑造；C.ignored忽视；D.preserved保护。根据下文From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work.可知，新的技术塑造了我们的文化。故选B。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道，渴望与世界联系的欲望，已经让孤独走到了尽头。A.edge边缘；B.stage舞台；C.end结束；D.balance平衡。短语：bring an end to“使……结束”，结合句中The desire to be connected可知，联系的渴望使孤独走向尽头。故选C。
4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在网络和联系的世界里，人们变得如此容易联系，即使他们不想被联系，也经常可以被联系到。A.sensitive敏感的，善解人意的；B.intelligent有才智的；C. considerate体贴的；D. reachable可到达的。根据句中connections that one can often be contacted even if they'd rather not be可知，即使人们不想被联系，也可以被联系到。所以网络使得联系变得触手可及。故选D。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，我们不仅可以通过电脑，也可以通过手机谈话、编辑短信、发邮件、聊天和写博客。A.media媒体；B.computers电脑；C.databases数据库；D.monitors监视器。结合句中we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog，可知我们可以通过电脑和手机进行聊天等功能。故选B。
6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数发达国家之所以依赖数字技术，仅仅是因为他们已经习惯了数字技术，在这一点上，不使用数字技术将使他们成为局外人。A.bent弯曲的；B.hard辛苦的；C.keen渴望的；D.dependent依靠的。be/become dependent on“对……依赖”，根据下文From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work，可知此处指多数发达国家对技术是依赖的。故选D。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.finding发现；B.using使用；C.protecting保护；D.changing改变。结合句中 it would make them an outsider，将被视为是局外人，可知此处指不使用技术，故选B。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且，许多工作和职业需要人们联系在一起。A.connected连接，联系；B.trained训练；C.recommended推荐；D.interested使感兴趣。结合前文People have become so ___4___in the world of networks可知，此处指工作和职业需要人们联系在一起。故选A。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：对那些可能不想总是能够被联系上的人来说，随处可及可能感觉像个负担。A.pleasure乐事；B.benefit益事；C.burden负担；D.disappointment令人失望的事。根据句中those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times可知，不想总是能够被联系的人被联系了，对他们而言就是一种负担。故选C。
10.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我认为积极的一面是，对于真正想独处的人来说，独处仍然是可能的。A.slightly轻微地；B.hardly几乎不；C.merely仅仅； D.really真地。根据下文Computers can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off.可知，此处指若真的要想独处是完全可能的。故选D。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：能够被联系上既有优势也有弊端。A.aspects方面；B.weaknesses弱点；C.advantages优势；D.exceptions例外。根据下文as well as disadvantages可知此处指有许多优点。故选C。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：旅行者最后迷失在大山上，手机挽救了无数的生命。A. hidden藏起来的；B.lost迷路的；C.relaxed放松的；D.deserted丢弃的。end up done/adj./doing“以……告终（为结局）”。结合句中on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives可知，此处指旅行者在山中迷路。故选B。
13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们还会让人们感到被困，被迫接不想接的电话或回不想回的短信。A.trapped被困的，受限制的；B.excited感到兴奋的；C.confused困惑的；D.amused愉快的。结合句中forced to answer unwanted calls可知此处指手机也会使人感到被限制了。故选A。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.turn转身； B.submit提交； C.object反对； D.reply回应。根据前文answer unwanted calls及后文to unwanted texts可知，此处指回复不想回的信息。故选D。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于我们被连接成一个社会，不同代的人态度不一。A.vary变化，呈多样化；B.arise（问题）出现；C.spread散步，蔓延；D.exist存在。结合下文Some find today's technology a gift. Others consider it a curse可知，不同代的人们的态度是不一样的。故选A。
第二节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Many cities have live music in their parks during the summer. But there’s a park in Denmark ____36____ people can hear music all year round — not on a stage but among the trees.
As part of ____37____ art project for public in Aalborg, trees in the Park of Music host the music once ____38____(perform) by musicians at the nearby cultural center. It all started in the 1980s when the city asked visiting musicians to plant a tree ____39____ a memorial of their excellent and ____40____(forget) performances.
Since then, over 80 trees____41____(plant) by musicians worldwide. In 2012, some of the trees became playable. It works like this. ____42____(simple) press the button on the plaque (匾牌) bearing a musician's name next to the tree, and people ____43____(hear) a piece of the musician's music.
All kinds of music from ____44____(artist) like Sting can be heard. The trees are “played” about 300,000 times a year, _____45_____(show) the popularity of the art project.
【答案】36. where
37. an 38. performed
39. as 40. unforgettable
41. have been planted
42. Simply 43. will hear##can hear
44. artists
45. showing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丹麦一个公园的树木承载着附近文化中心音乐家们曾经演奏过的音乐。只需按下树旁标有音乐家名字的牌匾上的按钮，人们就会听到这位音乐家的一段音乐。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但在丹麦有一个公园，人们一年四季都能听到音乐——不是在舞台上，而是在树林里。此处是定语从句，先行词是park，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：作为奥尔堡公共艺术项目的一部分，音乐公园的树木承载着附近文化中心音乐家们曾经演奏过的音乐。project为可数名词，此处为泛指，且art是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为奥尔堡公共艺术项目的一部分，音乐公园的树木承载着附近文化中心音乐家们曾经演奏过的音乐。perform与music是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填performed。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：这一切始于20世纪80年代，当时该市要求来访的音乐家种植一棵树，以纪念他们出色而难忘的表演。后跟名词作宾语，表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这一切始于20世纪80年代，当时该市要求来访的音乐家种植一棵树，以纪念他们出色而难忘的表演。根据句意可知，此处与excellent是并列成分，应用形容词unforgettable，修饰名词performances，作定语。故填unforgettable。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，世界各地的音乐家已经种植了80多棵树。主语over 80 trees与谓语plant构成被动关系，结合上文since then可知，此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为over 80 trees，助动词用have。故填have been planted。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：只需按下树旁标有音乐家名字的牌匾上的按钮，人们就会听到这位音乐家的一段音乐。修饰动词press，应用副词simply，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Simply。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态或情态动词。句意：只需按下树旁标有音乐家名字的牌匾上的按钮，人们就会听到这位音乐家的一段音乐。此处表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时，也可以用情态动词can表示“能、会”。故填will/can hear。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：像斯汀这样的艺术家的各种音乐都能听到。artist为可数名词，前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填artists。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些树每年被“演奏”约30万次，显示出该艺术项目的受欢迎程度。分析句子结构可知，show在句中应用非谓语动词形式，表示一种而然而然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填showing。
第三节单词拼写（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
根据汉译或首字母填写单词或单词的适当形式。
46. My timetable is quiet f________I could arrange to meet with you any day next week.
【答案】flexible##lexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我的时间表很灵活，我可以安排在下星期的任何一天与你见面。根据单词首字母以及上文is可知应填形容词flexible“灵活的”作表语。故填flexible。
47. We're sorry to tell you that there is nothing we can do. The current situation is b________our control. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】beyond##eyond
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我们很遗憾地告诉你，我们无能为力。目前的局势我们无法控制。结合前文“that there is nothing we can do”和首字母b可知，beyond超过，介词，符合题意；beyond one’s control超出某人的控制，固定搭配。故填beyond。
48. The photo _______(贴) to the application was that of an attractive person. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attached
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：贴在申请表上的照片是一个有魅力的人的照片。根据汉语提示可知，此处为动词attach，且此处做the photo的后置定语，the photo与attach之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词，故填attached。
49. He gave a detailed a_______of what happened yesterday. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】account##ccount
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他详细叙述了昨天发生的事情。分析句子可知，空处由不定冠词a修饰，应填名词，又根据句意及首字母提示可知，空处涉及固定搭配give an account of，表示“描述，说明”。故填account。
50. He ______(按下) the button and the doorbell rang.
【答案】pressed##pushed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：他按下按钮，门铃响了。空格处用动词作谓语，“按下”是press/push，由rang和and表并列可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处是过去式pressed/pushed。故填pressed/pushed。
51. He told me the ________ (步骤) was simple, but I couldn’t make it. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】procedure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他告诉我步骤很简单，但我没做到。分析句子及空后was，该空需要填名词单数做主语，结合汉语提示“步骤”，应填名词procedure。故填procedure。
52. As is known to all language learners, newly-learnt words will soon be forgotten unless f______ used in everyday communication. （根据首字母填空）
【答案】frequently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：所有语言学习者都知道，如果在日常交流中不频繁使用，学过的单词很快就会被遗忘。根据单词首字母以及句意“频繁”可知应填副词frequently，修饰后文动词used，作状语。故填frequently。
53. I am f_____ of singing but not regarding it as a lifelong career.
【答案】fond##ond
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我喜欢唱歌，但不认为这是一生的事业。根据所给出的句子，结合首字母，可推出是形容词fond“喜欢的”，作表语，短语be fond of表示“喜欢”。故答案为fond。
54. The photographs will be on e________ in the gallery until the end of the month.
【答案】exhibition##xhibition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这些照片将在画廊展出，直到这个月末。根据所给出句子和首字母提示可推出是名词exhibition“展览”，on exhibition“展出”，故填exhibition。
55. Though l_______(缺少) money, his parents managed to send him to university. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】lacking##acking
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管缺钱，他父母还是设法送供他读大学。根据句意以及空后的“money”可知设空处为动词，结合汉语和首字母提示可知动词lack意为“缺少，缺乏”符合句意；lack在句中是非谓语，和though一起构成让步状语，且和其逻辑主语his parents之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，故填lacking。
56. He ________ (折叠) the map up and put it in his pocket. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】folded
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他把地图折叠起来放进口袋里。根据汉语提示可知，fold折叠，动词作谓语，由空后动词put可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填folded。
57. It is difficult to get a_______figures on population numbers in this country as people here move a lot. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】accurate##ccurate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个国家的人口流动频繁，因此很难得到准确的人口数字。分析句子且根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填形容词accurate作定语修饰名词figures，表示“准确的”，符合语境。故填accurate或ccurate。
58. How men first learned to invent words is unknown; in other words, the o_______of language is a mystery. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】origin##rigin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人类最初是如何学会发明文字的不得而知；换句话说，语言的起源是一个谜。根据单词首字母及句意可知，此处需用名词origin“起源”，the origin of表示“……的起源”。故填origin。
59. The talks between the two countries were very s________ (重要的) for the relationship. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】significant##ignificant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：两国之间的会谈对两国关系非常重要。根据中英文提示可知，此处使用形容词significant，作表语。故填significant。
60. Astronomy is the _______(科学的) study of the sun, the moon, stars and other heavenly bodies. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】scientific
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：天文学是对太阳、月亮、星星以及其他天体的科学研究。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词“scientific”作定语修饰名词study，故填scientific。
第四部分书面表达（满分 25 分）
61. 随着智能手机的普及，我们不难发现身边很多人沉迷于智能手机，成为“低头族”，而这一定程度上危害了他们的身体健康和线下社交生活。China Daily正在据此开展题为“Be a wise smartphone user”的讨论，请你写一篇短文投稿。
内容要点如下：
1. 你对此现象的看法；
2. 帮助人们做出改变的建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】More and more people have been addicted to smartphones, whose eyes are glued to the little screen even when they walk down the street, have dinner with friends or lie in bed at night. I think it is not a smart choice.
It is necessary that we cut back on the time spent on our smartphone every day. Establishing offline relationship by spending more time with our friends and family members is highly advocated/recommended. So is joining in more physical activities to strengthen our body. Moreover, it is suggested that we should get closer to nature to appreciate the beauty of the world and enjoy life by reading more physical books, travelling and so on.
Please be a wise smartphone user. There is no doubt that life beyond this little screen is richer and more beautiful!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。随着智能手机的普及，我们不难发现身边很多人沉迷于智能手机，成为“低头族”，而这一定程度上危害了他们的身体健康和线下社交生活。China Daily正在据此开展题为“Be a wise smartphone user”的讨论，请你写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
选择：choice→option
加强：strengthen→enhance
必要的：necessary→essential
此外：moreover→besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Establishing offline relationship by spending more time with our friends and family members is highly advocated/recommended.
拓展句：Spending more time with our friends and family members is highly advocated/recommended because it can establish offline relationship.
【点睛】[高分句型1] More and more people have been addicted to smartphones, whose eyes are glued to the little screen even when they walk down the street, have dinner with friends or lie in bed at night. (运用了whose引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] It is necessary that we cut back on the time spent on our smartphone every day. (运用了it作形式主语句型)
听力答案：1~5 CBBAB 6~10 ACABC 11~15 ACCAA 16~20 BABCB
大庆铁人中学2021级高二学年上学期月考
英语试题
第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman going to do this evening?
A. Go to dance. B. Go to see a play. C. Go to see a film.
2. Where can the woman find teacups?
A. Near the teapot. B. In the cupboard. C. Behind the kettle.
3. When did the man begin waiting at the station?
A. At 7:00. B. At 6:30. C. At 7:30.
4. Where is Mr. Martin?
A. At lunch. B. In No.1 Middle School. C. At his office.
5. Why is the woman worried?
A. Kate is going to drive a long way.
B. Kate plans to go to Colorado where there may be a heavy snow.
C. Kate will spend her holiday in Colorado.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 22. 5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 8 题。
6. What's the matter with Jack?
A. There is a pain in his throat. B. He has a headache. C. He can't speak well.
7. Why doesn't Jack want to go to see the doctor?
A. He has taken some medicine.
B. He is short of money.
C. He doesn't want to miss any work.
8. What's the woman's opinion of missing 2 or 3 days?
A. It's worth resting 2 or 3 days to cure his illness.
B. It's hardly worth staying in bed.
C It's better to stay at home for 10 or 20 days.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 9 至 11 题。
9. What's the woman going to buy?
A. Some modern musical instruments.
B. Some records of modern guitar music.
C. Some modern guitars.
10. What happened to the records given by father?
A. The woman dropped them on the ground and broke them.
B. The woman left them in the shop.
C. The woman sat on the case and broke them.
11. Where are the Bream's records now?
A. On the shelf. B. In the shop window. C. In the suitcase.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 12 至 14 题。
12. Where does the conversation take place?
A. On a train. B. In the department store. C. Near a bus stop.
13. What did the man do?
A. He hurt the woman.
B. He helped the woman carry the bags.
C. He knocked the bags to the ground.
14. What's the woman like?
A. She is kind. B. She is rude. C. She is apologetic.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 15 至 17 题。
15. Where does the conversation take place?
A. On the way home. B. In a library. C. In a book store.
16. Why does the man need help?
A. He has hurt his arms.
B. He has too many books to carry.
C. He wants to discuss about his job.
17. Why does the man buy these books?
A. Because they are cheap.
B. Because he wants to open a bookshop.
C. Because he wants to give some to the woman.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. Why do Robert and Joanna not go to school?
A. Because they don't like school.
B. Because they live too far away.
C. Because their families are too poor.
19. What must each child have in order to have classes?
A. A big car. B. A room with blackboard. C. A special radio.
20. How does the teacher in “the center” of Australia teach?
A. Teach without using any textbooks.
B. Teach by speaking only.
C. Teach by speaking but can't hear the students' voice.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Big messaging apps abroad
While WeChat is China's biggest mobile messaging app, there are many alternative apps in other countries that offer similar features.
WhatsApp (US)
Users: more than 600 million
Platforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry
Features: text chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharing
With more than 600 million active users, WhatsApp is one of WeChat's biggest competitors. Developed by two ex-Yahoo employees in 2009, WhatsApp originally focused on text chat, but on Aug. 6 it also started push-to-talk service. It's noted for its accessibility, ease of use and the absence of advertisements. The service is free for the first year, after which $ 0.99 (6.57 yuan) is charged for one-year use.
KakaoTalk (South Korea)
Users: more than 100 million
Platforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and Bada (an operating system developed by Samsung)
Features: text chat, group chat, push-to-talk, group calls, file sharing
With more than 100 million users in more than 230 countries, KakaoTalk is a multi-platform texting application that allows users to send and receive messages for free. With Kakao Talk, users can message each other one-on-one or in group chats with unlimited numbers of friends. You can also choose from many lively emoticons and share them with friends.
Line (Japan)
Users: more than 600 million
Platforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and PC
Features: text chat, group chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharing, gaming, stickers
Line tops the list of the most downloaded free apps in 52 countries. Apart from text and voice messaging, Line provides its users with more than 250 original stickers and emoticons to buy from its own shop. In the first quarter of 2018 alone, it made $ 17 million just from stickers. The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the LINE GAME.
1. Compared with the other two apps which of the following features makes Line stand out?
A. Group mobile games. B. Free emoticons.
C. Free downloads of the app. D. Text and group chat.
2. Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Users can always send and receive messages for free with WhatsApp.
B. Users can share files with any of the three apps.
C. KakaoTalk frees users from unwanted advertisements.
D. Line is the most popular one of the three apps.
3. In which part of the newspaper may this article be found?
A. Advertisement. B. Economy and Finance.
C. Entertainment. D. Science and Technology.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要描述了世界上三个地区的主要的三款社交软件，美国的WhatsApp，南韩的KakaoTalk以及日本的Line和这三款软件分别的特点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the LINE GAME.（这款广受欢迎应用还允许朋友们在LINE GAME中相互战斗。）”，再比较前面的两款应用功能可知，另外两款没有提到能让朋友们一起玩游戏。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据WhatsApp (US)部分“Features: text chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharing（功能：文字聊天，按下对讲，文件共享，位置共享）”、KakaoTalk (South Korea)部分“Features: text chat, group chat, push-to-talk, group calls, file sharing（功能：文字聊天、群聊、一键对讲、群呼、文件共享）”和Line (Japan)部分“Features: text chat, group chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharing, gaming, stickers（功能：文字聊天、群聊、一键聊天、文件共享、位置共享、游戏、贴图）”可知，三款软件都可以用于文件共享，故“用户可以与这三款应用中的任何一款共享文件”正确。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文后发现，文章主要介绍了在美国，韩国以及日本的主要社交软件，以及这些软件分别的特点，软件开发是属于科技范畴，因此这篇文章可能会在科技报纸上出现。故选D项。
B
In January 1958, Rachel Carson received a letter from her fiend Olga Owens Huckins. Huckins lived in an area of Massachusetts where the state was trying to get rid of mosquitoes. They had used planes to spray a mixture of fuel oil and DDT (a pesticide, which can kill pests such as insects, weeds and rodents) all over the area around Huckins home. DDT was supposedly harmless but the morning after the spraying. Huckins found several of her favorite birds dead outside her house. And the spraying did not even kill all of the mosquitoes, in fact that summer there were more of them than ever before. Huckins asked Carson if she knew someone in Washington that could help prevent future spraying.
Carson had been hearing about DDT since a Swiss chemist discovered it could be used to kill insects in 1939. To many people, DDT seemed like a miracle substance. Farmers were excited about saving their crops from pests. Doctors and others were excited about saving people's lives by killing disease-carrying insects. But to Carson. DDT appeared to be dangerous to all living creatures.
The more Carson found out about DDT and other pesticides, the more she realized that she needed to help stop future spraying. Carson decided to write a book about pesticides. She said, “There would be no future peace for me if I kept silent.” She called her book Silent Spring.
Carson had spent her life studying, observing, and writing about nature. She was a trained biologist and a talented writer who knew how to present scientific information in compelling stories. Before Silent Spring, she had written other books from the perspective of fish birds, islands and oceans. Carson knew that all things in nature exist in a delicately balanced ecosystem. In Silent Spring, Carson wrote that. although the ecosystem can adjust to changes, it needs time. Carson believed that people u the 1950s were using pesticides carelessly Nature didn’t have time to adjust, wrote Carson, because so any pesticides had been used in such large quantities in such short tame.
4. Why did Huckins write a letter to Rachel Carson?
A. To tell her some bad news. B. To turn to her for help.
C. To advise her to write a book. D. To ask her some questions.
5. Which of the effects the spraying of the mixture in Massachusetts had is right?
A. It killed pests such as insects, weeds and rodents around Huckins' home.
B. It killed all of the mosquitoes.
C. There were more birds than ever before
D. It had bad effects on ecosystem.
6. Who would not be happy with DDT?
A. Gardeners. B. Farmers. C. Doctors. D. Biologists.
7. What's the best title of the passage?
A. Rachel Carson's research on nature B. Rachel Carson's life
C. Rachel Carson's Silent Spring D. DDT's bad effects on ecosystem
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了美国生物学家Rachel Carson关注农药对环境的影响，写了《寂静的春天》等书籍。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Huckins asked Carson if she knew someone in Washington that could help prevent future spraying.( Huckins问Carson，她在华盛顿是否认识可以帮助防止未来喷洒的人)”可知，Huckins写信给Rachel Carson是为了求助。故选B。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“DDT was supposedly harmless but the morning after the spraying. Huckins found several of her favorite birds dead outside her house. And the spraying did not even kill all of the mosquitoes, in fact that summer there were more of them than ever before.( DDT本来是无害的，但在喷洒后的第二天早上。Huckins发现她最喜欢的几只鸟死在她的房子外面。喷洒甚至没有杀死所有的蚊子，事实上，夏天的蚊子比以往任何时候都多)”可知，在马萨诸塞州喷洒混合物对生态系统有不好的影响。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“They had used planes to spray a mixture of fuel oil and DDT (a pesticide, which can kill pests such as insects, weeds and rodents) all over the area around Huckins home.(他们用飞机将燃油和DDT（一种杀虫剂，可以杀死昆虫、杂草和啮齿动物等害虫）的混合物喷洒在哈克金斯家周围的地区)”以及第二段中“Farmers were excited about saving their crops from pests. Doctors and others were excited about saving people's lives by killing disease-carrying insects. But to Carson. DDT appeared to be dangerous to all living creatures.(农民们对挽救庄稼免受虫害感到兴奋。医生和其他人对通过杀死携带疾病的昆虫来拯救人们的生命感到兴奋)”可推知，生物学家对DDT不满意。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“The more Carson found out about DDT and other pesticides, the more she realized that she needed to help stop future spraying. Carson decided to write a book about pesticides. She said, “There would be no future peace for me if I kept silent.” She called her book Silent Spring.( Carson对DDT和其他杀虫剂了解得越多，她就越意识到她需要帮助停止未来的喷洒。Carson决定写一本关于杀虫剂的书。 她说：“如果我保持沉默，就不会有未来的和平。”她把她的书命名为《寂静的春天》)”结合介绍了美国生物学家Rachel Carson关注农药对环境的影响，写了《寂静的春天》等书籍。可知，C选项“Rachel Carson的《寂静的春天》”最符合文章标题。故选C。
C
Almost 80% of the Americans have stated their opposition to cloning pet animals such as cats and dogs, yet companies still try to make a business out of selling cloned pets. Pet cloning has been promoted as a way to “bring back” or “copy” a beloved companion animal. However, studies have shown that cloning remains an experimental technology with many failures.
Behind each lovely picture of a cloned cat or dog lie hundreds of animals that were kept in lab cages, receiving bad treatment to produce just that one cloned animal. For all that, you end up with a cloned animal who is unlikely to appear like the original physically or behaviorally and may experience serious health problems. Also, while pet cloning companies are charging customers up to $150,000 for a cloned pet, millions of homeless animals of the same species are available in US animal shelters for around $100. Unfortunately, most of these animals are killed for lack of adopting homes.
With No Pet Cloning campaign, the American Anti-Vivisection Society (AAVS) tries to protect both animals and people from harm. They campaigned until the US companies that sold cloned animals closed their doors. First it was Genetic Savings & Clone Inc. and then it was BioArts International.
When BioArts was closed, its owner, Lou Hawthorne, finally had to acknowledge the problems of pet cloning. According to Hawthorne, he has seen numerous failures during his pet cloning attempts, “One clone—which was supposed to be black and white—was born greenish-yellow where it should have been white (we still have no good explanation for how that happened).”
The AAVS is educating the public about the animal suffering and is seeking regulation of cloning activities. They will continue to take the lead in protecting animals from the threats of pet cloning.
8. From the passage, we know that ____.
A. pets are often deserted by their owners
B. more and more people have joined the AAVS
C. most American are against cloning pet animals
D. the American Anti-Vivisection Society is supported by the government
9. According to the passage, companies keep on selling cloned pets to ____.
A. carry on scientific studies B. comfort animal lovers
C. protect pet animals D. get economic interests
10. What does the author try to do by writing the second paragraph?
A. To tell the truth behind pet cloning.
B. To show the method of pet cloning.
C. To compare pet animals with homeless ones.
D. To save the animals kept in labs and shelters.
11. According to the passage, the AAVS devotes itself to ____.
A. getting most countries to fight against pet cloning
B. stopping US companies' selling cloned animals
C. saving lots of animals from bad situations
D. improving the technology of pet cloning
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着克隆技术的发展，很多公司开始克隆猫狗等宠物，而大多数的美国人反对这一做法，以及动物保护组织AAVS也一直在努力，保护动物免受克隆的威胁。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一自然段“Almost 80% of the Americans have stated their opposition to cloning pet animals such as cats and dogs, yet companies still try to make a business out of selling cloned pets.(几乎80%的美国人已经声明他们反对克隆宠物动物，如猫和狗，但公司仍然试图通过出售克隆宠物来赚钱。)” 可知，文章在首段点明主题，可以看出美国人反对克隆动物。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一自然段“yet companies still try to make a business out of selling cloned pets.(但公司仍然试图通过出售克隆宠物来赚钱。)”可知，公司出售克隆动物的原因是为了获取利益。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段第一句话“Behind each lovely picture of a cloned cat or dog lie hundreds of animals that were kept in lab cages, receiving bad treatment to produce just that one cloned animal.(在每一张克隆猫或克隆狗的可爱照片背后，都是数百只被关在实验室笼子里的动物，为了制造出那只克隆动物而受到恶劣的对待。)”可知，我们所看到的可爱的克隆动物图片背后，其实是很多动物被关在实验室里受到恶劣对待的事实；作者在向读者揭示这一事实。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三自然段“They campaigned until the US companies that sold cloned animals closed their doors.(他们一直在努力，直到出售克隆动物的美国公司关门。)”和最后一个自然段“They will continue to take the lead in protecting animals from the threats of pet cloning.(他们将继续带头保护动物免受宠物克隆的威胁。)”可知，AAVS致力于保护动物不受到克隆的伤害，阻止美国公司售卖克隆动物。故选B项。
D
As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says.
“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”
Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
12. What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?
A. The right way of exercising. B. The causes of a heart attack.
C. The difficulty of keeping fit. D. The aging process of the heart.
13. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?
A. Diet plan. B. Professional background.
C. Exercise type. D. Previous physical condition.
14. What does Levine’s research find?
A. Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.
B. High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.
C. It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
D. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
15. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?
A. Making use of the findings. B. Interviewing the study participants.
C. Conducting further research. D. Clarifying the purpose of the study.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是锻炼对于心脏的好处。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的““Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart.(“想想橡皮筋。一开始，它是灵活的，但把它放在抽屉里20年，它就会变得干燥，很容易破碎，”德克萨斯大学的心脏专家本·莱文博士说。这就是心脏的变化。)”可知，莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程，故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.(第一组每周参加三次非有氧运动——平衡训练和重量训练。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动。)”可知，两组在研究设计上的不同在于运动类型的不同，故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.(第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动。两年后，第二组的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。)”和第四段的““We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine.(莱文说:“我们把这些50岁的心脏的时钟拨回30或35岁的心脏。”)”可知，莱文的研究发现了通过有氧运动，中年人的心脏会变得更年轻，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.(但这项研究的规模很小，需要在更大的人群中重复进行，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响。)”可知，妮卡·戈德堡博士建议进行进一步的研究。故选C。
第二节阅读七选五（本大题共 5 小题，共 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is culture? Culture is too complex to define in simple terms. ____16____ One is that culture is a total pattern of behaviour that is consistent in its components. Another fundamental is that culture is learned behaviour. The third is that culture is behaviour that is shared by a group of people.
To understand the culture of a particular country or region, one could examine its components, among which are material culture, language, and social organization. Material culture includes the tools and symbols in a society, not including those physical things found in nature, unless they have undergone some change or have been given meaning by people. ____17____ The way we consume and what we consume are heavily influenced by material culture.
____18____ Linked with all other aspects of culture, it reflects the nature and values of that culture. Industrialized societies have a rich vocabulary for commercial and industrial activities, while less industrialized societies may have richer vocabularies for matters important to their societies. The Eskimos in Alaska have many words to describe snow whereas English has only one general term.
Social organization differs somewhat from society to society. The primary kind of community association is based on blood ties. ____19____ It provides mutual protection, psychological support and a kind of economic insurance or social security for its members. The term “brothers” in Zaire includes those whom we call cousins and uncles.
Cultural analysis serves a variety of purposes. Understanding the various dimensions and their inter-relatedness helps promote cross-cultural awareness. ____20____
A. Language is the most obvious difference between cultures.
B. Some scholars even suggest that it is useless to try.
C. The values represented within a culture can also change with the passing of time.
D. However, there are certain agreed-on fundamentals that can be easily identified.
E. In many developing countries, the extended family fulfils several social and economic roles.
F. For example, a mouse running on a street is not part of a culture, but the Mickey Mouse is.
G. It leads on to the promotion of goodwill, social and economic planning and harmony between social groupings or societies.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了构成文化的三个方面。
【16题详解】
根据后文“One is that culture is a total pattern of behaviour that is consistent in its components. Another fundamental is that culture is learned behaviour. The third is that culture is behaviour that is shared by a group of people.(一是文化是一种行为的整体模式，其组成部分是一致的。另一个基本原则是，文化是后天习得的行为。第三，文化是一群人共同的行为)”可知，这三种基本原则正是对D项“However, there are certain agreed-on fundamentals that can be easily identified.(然而，在一些容易确定的基本原则上存在某些共识)”中“there are certain agreed-on fundamentals”的详细说明。故选D。
【17题详解】
前文“Material culture includes the tools and symbols in a society, not including those physical things found in nature, unless they have undergone some change or have been given meaning by people.(物质文化包括社会中的工具和符号，不包括自然界中的物质，除非它们经历了一些变化或被人们赋予了意义)”在讲解物质文化包括的内容，F项“For example, a mouse running on a street is not part of a culture, but the Mickey Mouse is.(例如，街上的老鼠不是文化的一部分，但米老鼠却是)”是对物质文化的举例。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据第二段的第一句“To understand the culture of a particular country or region, one could examine its components, among which are material culture, language, and social organization.(要了解一个特定国家或地区的文化，可以考察其组成部分，其中包括物质文化、语言和社会组织)”可知，其后的内容是按照物质文化、语言和社会组织三方面进行阐述的，设空处前一段已对物质文化做了解释，按照文章逻辑此段内容应为语言，A项“Language is the most obvious difference between cultures.(语言是不同文化之间最明显的差异)”从整体上概述了语言特征，且从后文中出现的“vocabulary”和“words”也可看出，本段在讲述语言。故选A。.
【19题详解】
后文“It provides mutual protection, psychological support and a kind of economic insurance or social security for its members.(它为其成员提供相互保护、心理支持和经济保险或社会保障)”中的“mutual protection, psychological support and a kind of economic insurance or social security for its members”是对E项“In many developing countries, the extended family fulfils several social and economic roles.(在许多发展中国家，大家庭承担着多种社会和经济角色)”中“several social and economic roles”的列举。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Understanding the various dimensions and their inter-relatedness helps promote cross-cultural awareness.(了解各方面及其相互关系有助于提高跨文化意识)”可知，了解文化的构成是有好处的，G项“It leads on to the promotion of goodwill, social and economic planning and harmony between social groupings or societies.(它促进善意、社会和经济规划以及社会团体或社会之间的和谐)”中的it指代“了解文化构成”，承接前文，继续说这样可以带来的好处。故选G。
第三部分语言知识运用（共三节，满分 45 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The concept of solitude（独处）in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be ___21___. Solitude can be hard to discover once it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have ___22___ our culture.
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) ___23___ as we've known it. People have become so ___24___ in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted even if they'd rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog, not only from our ___25___，but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become ___26___ on digital technology simply because they've grown accustomed to it, and at this point not ___27___ it would make them an outsider. Also, many jobs and careers require people to be ___28___．From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a ___29___ to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.
I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who ___30___ wants it. Computers can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be "connected" and "on" has many ___31___, as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up ___32___ on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel ___33___ and forced to answer unwanted calls or ___34___ to unwanted texts.
Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society ___35___across generations. Some find today's technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone's view on the subject, it's hard to imagine what life would belike without daily advancements in technology.
21. A. updated B. received C. shared D. collected
22. A. respected B. shaped C. ignored D. preserved
23. A. edge B. stage C. end D. balance
24. A. sensitive B. intelligent C. considerate D. reachable
25. A. media B. computers C. databases D. monitors
26. A. bent B. hard C. keen D. dependent
27. A. finding B. using C. protecting D. changing
28. A. connected B. trained C. recommended D. interested
29. A. pleasure B. benefit C. burden D. disappointment
30. A. slightly B. hardly C. merely D. really
31. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptions
32. A. hidden B. lost C. relaxed D. deserted
33. A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused
34. A. turn B. submit C. object D. reply
35. A. vary B. arise C. spread D. exist
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为议论文。独处理念在当今数码世界几乎不复存在，新技术使我们连接成了一个社会，并塑造了我们的文化。能够被连接在一起既有优势也有弊端。不管人们对这一话题持何种态度，如果没有日常技术进步，很难想象生活会是什么样子。
【详解】1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在数字技术、电子邮件、社交网络和在线视频游戏的世界里，信息意味着共享。A.updated更新；B.received接收；C.shared分享；D.collected收集。根据上一句“The concept of solitude（独处）in the digital world is almost non-existent. ”可知，独处理念在数码世界几乎不存在，因此信息的意义在于分享。故选C。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：从这方面来说，新技术塑造了我们的文化。A.respected尊重；B.shaped塑造；C.ignored忽视；D.preserved保护。根据下文From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work.可知，新的技术塑造了我们的文化。故选B。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道，渴望与世界联系的欲望，已经让孤独走到了尽头。A.edge边缘；B.stage舞台；C.end结束；D.balance平衡。短语：bring an end to“使……结束”，结合句中The desire to be connected可知，联系的渴望使孤独走向尽头。故选C。
4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在网络和联系的世界里，人们变得如此容易联系，即使他们不想被联系，也经常可以被联系到。A.sensitive敏感的，善解人意的；B.intelligent有才智的；C. considerate体贴的；D. reachable可到达的。根据句中connections that one can often be contacted even if they'd rather not be可知，即使人们不想被联系，也可以被联系到。所以网络使得联系变得触手可及。故选D。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，我们不仅可以通过电脑，也可以通过手机谈话、编辑短信、发邮件、聊天和写博客。A.media媒体；B.computers电脑；C.databases数据库；D.monitors监视器。结合句中we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog，可知我们可以通过电脑和手机进行聊天等功能。故选B。
6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数发达国家之所以依赖数字技术，仅仅是因为他们已经习惯了数字技术，在这一点上，不使用数字技术将使他们成为局外人。A.bent弯曲的；B.hard辛苦的；C.keen渴望的；D.dependent依靠的。be/become dependent on“对……依赖”，根据下文From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work，可知此处指多数发达国家对技术是依赖的。故选D。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.finding发现；B.using使用；C.protecting保护；D.changing改变。结合句中 it would make them an outsider，将被视为是局外人，可知此处指不使用技术，故选B。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且，许多工作和职业需要人们联系在一起。A.connected连接，联系；B.trained训练；C.recommended推荐；D.interested使感兴趣。结合前文People have become so ___4___in the world of networks可知，此处指工作和职业需要人们联系在一起。故选A。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：对那些可能不想总是能够被联系上的人来说，随处可及可能感觉像个负担。A.pleasure乐事；B.benefit益事；C.burden负担；D.disappointment令人失望的事。根据句中those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times可知，不想总是能够被联系的人被联系了，对他们而言就是一种负担。故选C。
10.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我认为积极的一面是，对于真正想独处的人来说，独处仍然是可能的。A.slightly轻微地；B.hardly几乎不；C.merely仅仅； D.really真地。根据下文Computers can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off.可知，此处指若真的要想独处是完全可能的。故选D。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：能够被联系上既有优势也有弊端。A.aspects方面；B.weaknesses弱点；C.advantages优势；D.exceptions例外。根据下文as well as disadvantages可知此处指有许多优点。故选C。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：旅行者最后迷失在大山上，手机挽救了无数的生命。A. hidden藏起来的；B.lost迷路的；C.relaxed放松的；D.deserted丢弃的。end up done/adj./doing“以……告终（为结局）”。结合句中on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives可知，此处指旅行者在山中迷路。故选B。
13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们还会让人们感到被困，被迫接不想接的电话或回不想回的短信。A.trapped被困的，受限制的；B.excited感到兴奋的；C.confused困惑的；D.amused愉快的。结合句中forced to answer unwanted calls可知此处指手机也会使人感到被限制了。故选A。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.turn转身； B.submit提交； C.object反对； D.reply回应。根据前文answer unwanted calls及后文to unwanted texts可知，此处指回复不想回的信息。故选D。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于我们被连接成一个社会，不同代的人态度不一。A.vary变化，呈多样化；B.arise（问题）出现；C.spread散步，蔓延；D.exist存在。结合下文Some find today's technology a gift. Others consider it a curse可知，不同代的人们的态度是不一样的。故选A。
第二节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Many cities have live music in their parks during the summer. But there’s a park in Denmark ____36____ people can hear music all year round — not on a stage but among the trees.
As part of ____37____ art project for public in Aalborg, trees in the Park of Music host the music once ____38____(perform) by musicians at the nearby cultural center. It all started in the 1980s when the city asked visiting musicians to plant a tree ____39____ a memorial of their excellent and ____40____(forget) performances.
Since then, over 80 trees____41____(plant) by musicians worldwide. In 2012, some of the trees became playable. It works like this. ____42____(simple) press the button on the plaque (匾牌) bearing a musician's name next to the tree, and people ____43____(hear) a piece of the musician's music.
All kinds of music from ____44____(artist) like Sting can be heard. The trees are “played” about 300,000 times a year, _____45_____(show) the popularity of the art project.
【答案】36. where
37. an 38. performed
39. as 40. unforgettable
41. have been planted
42. Simply 43. will hear##can hear
44. artists
45. showing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丹麦一个公园的树木承载着附近文化中心音乐家们曾经演奏过的音乐。只需按下树旁标有音乐家名字的牌匾上的按钮，人们就会听到这位音乐家的一段音乐。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但在丹麦有一个公园，人们一年四季都能听到音乐——不是在舞台上，而是在树林里。此处是定语从句，先行词是park，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：作为奥尔堡公共艺术项目的一部分，音乐公园的树木承载着附近文化中心音乐家们曾经演奏过的音乐。project为可数名词，此处为泛指，且art是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为奥尔堡公共艺术项目的一部分，音乐公园的树木承载着附近文化中心音乐家们曾经演奏过的音乐。perform与music是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填performed。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：这一切始于20世纪80年代，当时该市要求来访的音乐家种植一棵树，以纪念他们出色而难忘的表演。后跟名词作宾语，表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这一切始于20世纪80年代，当时该市要求来访的音乐家种植一棵树，以纪念他们出色而难忘的表演。根据句意可知，此处与excellent是并列成分，应用形容词unforgettable，修饰名词performances，作定语。故填unforgettable。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，世界各地的音乐家已经种植了80多棵树。主语over 80 trees与谓语plant构成被动关系，结合上文since then可知，此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为over 80 trees，助动词用have。故填have been planted。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：只需按下树旁标有音乐家名字的牌匾上的按钮，人们就会听到这位音乐家的一段音乐。修饰动词press，应用副词simply，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Simply。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态或情态动词。句意：只需按下树旁标有音乐家名字的牌匾上的按钮，人们就会听到这位音乐家的一段音乐。此处表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时，也可以用情态动词can表示“能、会”。故填will/can hear。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：像斯汀这样的艺术家的各种音乐都能听到。artist为可数名词，前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填artists。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些树每年被“演奏”约30万次，显示出该艺术项目的受欢迎程度。分析句子结构可知，show在句中应用非谓语动词形式，表示一种而然而然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填showing。
第三节单词拼写（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
根据汉译或首字母填写单词或单词的适当形式。
46. My timetable is quiet f________I could arrange to meet with you any day next week.
【答案】flexible##lexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我的时间表很灵活，我可以安排在下星期的任何一天与你见面。根据单词首字母以及上文is可知应填形容词flexible“灵活的”作表语。故填flexible。
47. We're sorry to tell you that there is nothing we can do. The current situation is b________our control. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】beyond##eyond
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我们很遗憾地告诉你，我们无能为力。目前的局势我们无法控制。结合前文“that there is nothing we can do”和首字母b可知，beyond超过，介词，符合题意；beyond one’s control超出某人的控制，固定搭配。故填beyond。
48. The photo _______(贴) to the application was that of an attractive person. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attached
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：贴在申请表上的照片是一个有魅力的人的照片。根据汉语提示可知，此处为动词attach，且此处做the photo的后置定语，the photo与attach之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词，故填attached。
49. He gave a detailed a_______of what happened yesterday. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】account##ccount
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他详细叙述了昨天发生的事情。分析句子可知，空处由不定冠词a修饰，应填名词，又根据句意及首字母提示可知，空处涉及固定搭配give an account of，表示“描述，说明”。故填account。
50. He ______(按下) the button and the doorbell rang.
【答案】pressed##pushed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：他按下按钮，门铃响了。空格处用动词作谓语，“按下”是press/push，由rang和and表并列可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处是过去式pressed/pushed。故填pressed/pushed。
51. He told me the ________ (步骤) was simple, but I couldn’t make it. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】procedure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他告诉我步骤很简单，但我没做到。分析句子及空后was，该空需要填名词单数做主语，结合汉语提示“步骤”，应填名词procedure。故填procedure。
52. As is known to all language learners, newly-learnt words will soon be forgotten unless f______ used in everyday communication. （根据首字母填空）
【答案】frequently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：所有语言学习者都知道，如果在日常交流中不频繁使用，学过的单词很快就会被遗忘。根据单词首字母以及句意“频繁”可知应填副词frequently，修饰后文动词used，作状语。故填frequently。
53. I am f_____ of singing but not regarding it as a lifelong career.
【答案】fond##ond
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我喜欢唱歌，但不认为这是一生的事业。根据所给出的句子，结合首字母，可推出是形容词fond“喜欢的”，作表语，短语be fond of表示“喜欢”。故答案为fond。
54. The photographs will be on e________ in the gallery until the end of the month.
【答案】exhibition##xhibition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这些照片将在画廊展出，直到这个月末。根据所给出句子和首字母提示可推出是名词exhibition“展览”，on exhibition“展出”，故填exhibition。
55. Though l_______(缺少) money, his parents managed to send him to university. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】lacking##acking
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管缺钱，他父母还是设法送供他读大学。根据句意以及空后的“money”可知设空处为动词，结合汉语和首字母提示可知动词lack意为“缺少，缺乏”符合句意；lack在句中是非谓语，和though一起构成让步状语，且和其逻辑主语his parents之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，故填lacking。
56. He ________ (折叠) the map up and put it in his pocket. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】folded
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他把地图折叠起来放进口袋里。根据汉语提示可知，fold折叠，动词作谓语，由空后动词put可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填folded。
57. It is difficult to get a_______figures on population numbers in this country as people here move a lot. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】accurate##ccurate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个国家的人口流动频繁，因此很难得到准确的人口数字。分析句子且根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填形容词accurate作定语修饰名词figures，表示“准确的”，符合语境。故填accurate或ccurate。
58. How men first learned to invent words is unknown; in other words, the o_______of language is a mystery. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】origin##rigin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人类最初是如何学会发明文字的不得而知；换句话说，语言的起源是一个谜。根据单词首字母及句意可知，此处需用名词origin“起源”，the origin of表示“……的起源”。故填origin。
59. The talks between the two countries were very s________ (重要的) for the relationship. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】significant##ignificant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：两国之间的会谈对两国关系非常重要。根据中英文提示可知，此处使用形容词significant，作表语。故填significant。
60. Astronomy is the _______(科学的) study of the sun, the moon, stars and other heavenly bodies. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】scientific
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：天文学是对太阳、月亮、星星以及其他天体的科学研究。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词“scientific”作定语修饰名词study，故填scientific。
第四部分书面表达（满分 25 分）
61. 随着智能手机的普及，我们不难发现身边很多人沉迷于智能手机，成为“低头族”，而这一定程度上危害了他们的身体健康和线下社交生活。China Daily正在据此开展题为“Be a wise smartphone user”的讨论，请你写一篇短文投稿。
内容要点如下：
1. 你对此现象的看法；
2. 帮助人们做出改变的建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】More and more people have been addicted to smartphones, whose eyes are glued to the little screen even when they walk down the street, have dinner with friends or lie in bed at night. I think it is not a smart choice.
It is necessary that we cut back on the time spent on our smartphone every day. Establishing offline relationship by spending more time with our friends and family members is highly advocated/recommended. So is joining in more physical activities to strengthen our body. Moreover, it is suggested that we should get closer to nature to appreciate the beauty of the world and enjoy life by reading more physical books, travelling and so on.
Please be a wise smartphone user. There is no doubt that life beyond this little screen is richer and more beautiful!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。随着智能手机的普及，我们不难发现身边很多人沉迷于智能手机，成为“低头族”，而这一定程度上危害了他们的身体健康和线下社交生活。China Daily正在据此开展题为“Be a wise smartphone user”的讨论，请你写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
选择：choice→option
加强：strengthen→enhance
必要的：necessary→essential
此外：moreover→besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Establishing offline relationship by spending more time with our friends and family members is highly advocated/recommended.
拓展句：Spending more time with our friends and family members is highly advocated/recommended because it can establish offline relationship.
【点睛】[高分句型1] More and more people have been addicted to smartphones, whose eyes are glued to the little screen even when they walk down the street, have dinner with friends or lie in bed at night. (运用了whose引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] It is necessary that we cut back on the time spent on our smartphone every day. (运用了it作形式主语句型)
听力答案：1~5 CBBAB 6~10 ACABC 11~15 ACCAA 16~20 BABCB
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