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2022届安徽省马鞍山市高三下学期第二次教学质量监测（二模）英语试题（含听力）含解析
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这是一份2022届安徽省马鞍山市高三下学期第二次教学质量监测（二模）英语试题（含听力）含解析，共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
马鞍山市2022年高三第二次教学质量监测
英语试题
第I卷
第一部分 考试听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标作试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To get a phone number. B. To find an address. C. To borrow a book.
2. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 10:30. B. At 11:00. C. At 12:00.
3. What happened to the painting Simpson’s Mother?
A. It was burned. B. It was spotted. C. It was tom.
4. What is the woman unsatisfied with about the table?
A. Its shape. B. Its size. C. Its colour.
5. What will the man probably have tonight?
A. Burgers. B. Pizzas. C. Sandwiches.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What did the man do last night?
A. He visited a friend. B. He had an interview. C. He fixed the radio.
7. How does the man feel about the woman’s plan?
A. Interested. B. Surprised. C. Disappointed.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why does the man ask for help?
A. He will go on holiday.
B. He will be in hospital.
C. He will be away on business.
9. Who will probably take care of the dog?
A. Marina. B. Robin. C. Thomas.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Increase her study time.
B. Manage her time properly.
C. Follow his revision schedule.
11. When will the speakers hold a party?
A. On the 25th. B. On the 26th. C. On the 27th.
12. What will the woman do next?
A. Prepare some food. B. Play some music. C. Do some revision.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Fellow workers. B. College friends. C. Teacher and student.
14. How did the woman get into volunteer work?
A. She founded a local organization.
B. She followed a group of young people.
C. She got the information from a friend.
15. What does the man think of his manager?
A. Strict. B. Generous. C. Energetic.
16. What is the man going to do?
A. Join in the project. B. Visit the company. C. Write an email.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. When did the storm happen?
A. Last Thursday. B. Last Friday. C. This Friday.
18. How many people were badly injured in the storm?
A. 15. B. 14. C. 9.
19. Where was the farmer when the storm came?
A. In the kitchen. B. In the bedroom. C. In the field.
20. What did the woman do when she saw her house shaking?
A. She took out her belongings quickly.
B. She rushed out with her children at once.
C. She told her husband to leave immediately.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Hidden gardens in London
From nature reserves to community spaces, we’ve dug up some of London’s most secret gardens, where you’ll find pockets of splendid nature and forget about all your worries.
Queen’s Wood
Across the road from the better-known Highgate Wood, there is something more magical and quiet about Queen’s Wood — witness its hilly pathways through the mountain ash and cherry trees. It might be only a few hundred metres from Highgate tube station, but native bluebells and countless species of small animals make this a wonderful retreat.
Phoenix Garden
Behind Charing Cross Road, this is a super spot for a leafy lunchtime break. Look out for frogs and sparrows, which are thriving thanks to an enthusiastic conservation initiative. The garden closed last autumn for redevelopment work but has reopened in time to take advantage of our long-awaited spell of improved weather.
Postman’s Park
A short walk from St Paul’s Cathedral lies one of London’s most touching monuments: George Frederic Watts’s Memorial to Heroic Self-Sacrifice. Within the quiet Postman’s Park, nestled beneath a roof, are just over 50 ceramic plaques(牌匾), each honoring the memory of an ordinary person who lost their life trying to save others.
Red Cross Garden
Originally intended to give Southwark children a space to play, this Victorian garden has been restored to its original design, complete with pond, cottage, bandstand and formal borders. While relaxing in the restored bandstand, it’s hard to imagine the view back in 1887 when it was surrounded by workhouses and factories.
21. Which garden is close to a subway station?
A. Queen’s Wood. B. Phoenix Garden.
C. Postman’s Park. D. Red Cross Garden.
22. What can you do in Postman’s Park?
A. Take photos of old workhouses. B. Swim in the pond.
C. Learn stories about selflessness. D. Enjoy a band show.
23. What do Phoenix Garden and Red Cross Garden have in common?
A. They have got some repair work. B. They were surrounded by factories.
C. They will be temporarily closed. D. They have the same original design.
NFK Editors — October 14, 2021 — Zara Rutherford is flying around the world by herself in a small plane. When she finishes her trip, which will take over two months, she’ll become the youngest woman to fly all the way around the globe by herself. She’s just 19 years old. Ms. Rutherford began her trip in Belgium on August 18. This trip is something she has dreamed about for a long time.
Ms. Rutherford has been learning to fly planes since she was 14 years old. Ms. Rutherford’s parents are both pilots, and they helped her practice. She got her pilot’s license in 2020 and has hundreds of hours of flying practice. She’s making this trip in a small two-seater plane called a microlight. One of the seats has been replaced with an extra gas tank, which will allow Ms. Rutherford to cover longer distances. The plane has had several other updates for safety, including a second radio, and satellite communications.
To follow her route, Ms. Rutherford needs to be able to see, since her plane can’t be guided using its instruments alone. That means she can’t fly at night or in bad weather. Ms. Rutherford is now in Nome, Alaska — the halfway point of her trip. While she’s had some delays and is a little behind schedule, she is upbeat. “As long as I’m home before Christmas, I’m content,” she says.
Ms. Rutherford plans to stay a night or two in each place to visit with schools and youth groups. She hopes to inspire young girls to explore areas like aviation (flying), science, mathematics, and engineering. As her father points out, currently, only about 5% of pilots are women.
24. What is Zara Rutherford’s long-held dream?
A. An independent flight around the world. B. Building a small plane.
C. A two-month self-driving travel in Belgium. D. Becoming the youngest pilot.
25. What can we learn about Ms. Rutherford from paragraph 2?
A. She needs a guide. B. She is well prepared.
C. She is knowledgeable. D. She has lots of hobbies.
26. What does the underlined word “upbeat” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Reliable. B. Innocent. C. Elegant. D. Optimistic.
27. Why does Ms. Rutherford plan to visit schools and youth groups?
A. To learn more scientific knowledge. B. To celebrate the festival together.
C. To encourage other girls to aim high. D. To help her father make speeches.
Thousands of years of domestication have left dogs with a remarkable capacity to comprehend human speech, and new research reveals that the brains of our four-legged friends are even able to differentiate between languages. Appearing in the journal Neuroimage, the new study is the first to detect such an ability in any non-human animal.
To conduct their research, the study authors trained 18 pet dogs to lie motionless inside a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner so that their brain activity could be recorded while they listened to audio recordings of human speech. Two of the dogs involved in the study came from homes that spoke Spanish, while the remaining 16 belonged to Hungarian-speaking families.
While in the scanner, each dog listened to an excerpt (节选) from Antoine de Saint-Exupéry’s The Little Prince in both Spanish and Hungarian. They also heard scrambled (杂乱的) versions of these recordings that made no sense and sounded completely unnatural.
When examining the responses of the dogs’ brains to these recordings, the researchers noted that activity patterns within the animals’ primary auditory cortex (听觉皮层) differed depending on whether they heard actual speech or scrambled nonsense. This suggests that dogs are indeed able to tell the difference between speech and non-speech, regardless of the language spoken.
The researchers also found that this response to language was more pronounced in older dogs, leading them to conclude that longer exposure to human speech enables pet dogs to improve their language recognition skills.
In a statement, study author Attila Andie explained these findings indicate that “the capacity to learn about the regularities of a language is not uniquely human.” However, it remains to be seen “whether this capacity is dogs’ specialty, or general among non-human species.”
“Indeed, it is possible that the brain changes from the tens of thousands of years that dogs have been living with humans have made them better language listeners, but this is not necessarily the case.”
28. What is the requirement for the dogs in the study?
A. They must be smart. B. They can study languages.
C. They must keep still. D. They can train their partners.
29. How did the researchers get their findings?
A. By consulting language experts. B. By collecting clinical data.
C. By observing the dogs’ body movements. D. By analyzing the dogs’ brain activity.
30. What can we infer about the findings from Attila Andie’s explanation?
A. They have proved his assumption. B. They need further confirming.
C. They are in line with the former ones. D. They apply to non-human species.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Older Dogs Can Learn New Tricks
B. Dogs Are Good Language Learners
C. Older Dogs Are Humans’ Perfect Partners
D. Dogs Can Distinguish Different Languages
In 2007, the African Union announced an ambitious project — to plant the Great Green Wall (GGW), a band of trees that would stretch the length of the Sahel.
The GGW is an ecological restoration project designed by African people for African people. Heavy rains, droughts, wildfires and landslides have all become common throughout the world. But nowhere is quite like the Sahel. In this huge African region, climate change has materialized in a dramatic manner. In some cases, the severe conditions have left people with no option other than to migrate elsewhere to survive. It was with all of this in mind that the extraordinary, but heavily debated project was first put forward.
Fourteen years have passed since the initiative formally kicked off. The stated goal was to create a 15-kilometre-wide, 8, 000-kilometre-long green belt of trees and other plants that, by 2030, would span(跨越) the entire width of the Sahel, from Senegal to Djibouti. Overall, 100 million hectares(公顷) of land would be restored by 2030. Once completed, it was announced, the wall could end up capturing(俘获) 250 million tonnes of carbon dioxide, while its creation and upkeep could create ten million jobs in rural areas.
Looking at the project as a whole, there’s still a long way to go. According to a status report by the UN Convention to Combat Desertification, about four million hectares of degraded land have been restored. This means that progress towards the 100 million hectares target stands at just four per cent.
“When we started restoring the soil, we realized the area at risk was much wider than we initially thought,” explains Elvis Paul Tangem, the African Union’s GGW coordinator. “We had few funds to push the initiative as much as we wanted to. There was skepticism among investors, who didn’t understand the project, but also among the African states themselves, which needed time to figure out if the GGW was a priority.”
32. What is the purpose of the GGW project?
A. To improve local ecology. B. To develop rural economy.
C. To predict climate patterns. D. To strengthen regional ties.
33. What do the statistics in paragraph 3 show of the initiative?
A. The service period. B. The total budget.
C. The targeted groups. D. The expected benefits.
34. How does Elvis Paul Tangem feel about the project?
A. Skeptical. B. Worried. C. Confident. D. Satisfied.
35. What message does the author intend to convey in the text?
A. African countries should stand together.
B. The progress of the GGW project is slow.
C. Fighting climate change is our top priority.
D. Natural disasters are worse than we thought.
第三部分 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Studying smarter, not longer, matters now more than ever, with students in many countries having to manage their time and study more on their own. ____36____ The good news: Science points to ones that really work.
Use pictures. Pay attention to drawings, graphics, chart and other visual aids in your class materials, psychologist Mark McDaniel says. “____37____ And if there aren’t pictures, creating them can be really, really useful.”
Find examples. Abstract concepts can be hard to understand. It tends to be far easier to form a mental image if you have a concrete example of something, psychologist Cynthia Nebel says. For instance, sour foods usually taste that way because they contain an acid.____38____ But if you think about a lemon or vinegar, it’s easier to understand and remember that acids and sour go together.
____39____ Psychologist Nate Komell “definitely did cram (临时抱佛脚)” before big tests when he was a student. He still thinks it’s a good idea to study the day before a big test. But research shows it’s a bad idea to cram all your studying into that day. Instead, allow time between study sessions and you’ll learn and remember material better.
Dig deeper. It’s hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don’t push further. Ask why things are a certain way. How did they come about? Why do they matter? Psychologists call this elaboration. “It’s asking a lot of how and why questions about it,” Nebel says.____40____
Try adding just one new study skill each week or two. It may seem odd at first. But, by the time week two rolls around, it becomes a normal thing.
A. Reread books and notes.
B. Space out your studying.
C. They really boost your memory of the material.
D. Yet many students have never learned those skills.
E. In other words, don’t just accept facts at face value.
F. On its own, that concept might be hard to remember.
G. It’s like telling students to learn to swim by “just swimming.”
第四部分 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was 4-year-old Darrin’s first chiropractic adjustment(脊椎矫正术). He was afraid, as most children are on their first visit to any ____41____.
But if you gain children’s ____42____ and take the time to develop good relationship, you can do anything with their complete ____43____. One of the ____44____ I find most useful is to show an interest in a child’s special toy. When you touch, hug and love their ____45____ toy, you open the door to their heart. I have given thousands of chiropractic adjustments to teddy bears, Barbie dolls and fire trucks — you name it, I’ve ____46____ it.
Darrin’s ____47____, however, was different.
I had told Darrin’s mother to ____48____ his favorite toy, but when I ____49____ about it, she said, “Sorry, Dr. Stillwagon. Darrin’s favorite play toy is our upright vacuum sweeper(立式吸尘器), and I just couldn’t feel _____50_____ coming to the office with it.”
“Wait just a minute,” said. I went out, got our upright vacuum sweeper and _____51_____ the adjusting room. I introduced him to our vacuum sweeper, _____52_____ him to play with it.
Our examination _____53_____ involves the use of a hand-held scanner to monitor the patient’s progress. I took the scanner and _____54_____ it the full length of the upright vacuum sweeper. I then placed the sweeper on the adjusting table and _____55_____ to adjust it. Darrin watched my every _____56_____. I told him that the sweeper would soon feel _____57_____.
Darrin was next. Full of confidence, he sat on the chair for the scan, and then _____58_____ sat on the adjusting table. We had become _____59_____, and I had adjusted my _____60_____ upright vacuum sweeper!
41. A. teacher B. doctor C. policeman D. fireman
42. A. company B. resistance C. trust D. sympathy
43. A. cooperation B. instruction C. admiration D. protection
44. A. techniques B. projects C. regulations D. experiments
45. A. hand-made B. costly C. household D. favored
46. A. created B. afforded C. adjusted D. exhibited
47. A. appearance B. reaction C. illness D. situation
48. A. bring B. buy C. polish D. operate
49. A. warned B. asked C. dreamed D. argued
50. A. bitter B. ambitious C. embarrassed D. comfortable
51. A. painted B. decorated C. cleaned D. entered
52. A. begging B. encouraging C. forcing D. forbidding
53. A. procedure B. standard C. result D. paper
54. A. covered B. tested C. ran D. dug
55. A. declined B. failed C. learned D. pretended
56. A. design B. plan C. move D. program
57. A. wiser B. better C. tidier D. tighter
58. A. mindlessly B. nervously C. fearlessly D. hesitatingly
59. A. friends B. neighbors C. competitors D. colleagues
60. A. solid B. first C. best D. new
第II卷
第五部分 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhejiang province, home to an impressive number of folk artists, has many types of folk art. Rooted in life experiences, they contribute ____61____ (huge) to enriching people’s cultural life.
In the village of Dongyuan, Wenzhou, the ancient Chinese____62____ (invent) of wooden movable type printing is marching forward, which____63____ (date) back to the Yuan dynasty. Today people in Rui’an still print the family-tree books in this way,____64____(follow) the previous printing tips. And traditionally, people in Zhejiang update the family trees every 30 years. It indicates the Chinese ____65____ (people) deep-rooted sense of family and love for their homeland. Another interesting art form is____66____ the Zhang family in Nichu village of Cangnan county has taken and perfected for seven generations. It is about ____67____ (create) all kinds of artifacts with rice flour and has been added to the provincial intangible cultural heritage list. Besides, in the early 1990s, there emerged private museums,____68____ were among the first nationwide. Compared with other provinces, they are also ____69____(large) in number, and have bigger impact. Now, Yinzhou District in Ningbo, known ____70____ the “Museum District”, is home to 30 private museums.
第六部分 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Our school organizes football matches in every year. Some students are willing take part but they were worried that they don’t have enough time. I want to share some of my idea here. There is no doubt that joining in the matches take up some study time. Therefore, they can bring some benefits like those sporting activities hold before. They can lead to a healthier body, less stress, and more actively thinking. Students can not only live the happy life but also perform well at school. I hope we can make right decisions for us.
第七部分 书面表达（满分25分）
72. 高中生活即将结束，你对未来的学习和生活有什么好的规划？请用英语写一篇短文给某英文报YOUR VOICE栏目，内容包括：
1. 提出规划；
2. 给出理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】1-5 ACBAC 6-10 BACCB 11-15 BCACA 16-20 ABCAB
【解析】Text 1
W: Hello, Jack! This is Sarah. Do you happen to know John’s phone number?
M: Yes, but I don’t have it at hand. I can look it up for you in my address book when I get home.
Text 2
W: Hi, Tim. I said I’d meet you at eleven, but something’s come up. My little brother’s broken a tooth and I should take him to see the dentist at ten thirty. So, could we meet a bit later?
M: Sure. Say at twelve?
W: OK.
Text 3
M: Luckily, the famous painting Simpson’s Mother escaped the fire at the museum.
W: But the water system, which came on automatically, left a large mark in the bottom right-hand corner. Actually, the frame was broken when it was being transported. Fortunately, the painting itself didn’t tear.
Text 4
W: I’m looking for a new table for my dining room. It needs to seat at least six.
M: Do you have a particular style in mind? We have this beautiful brown square table on sale.
W: But I’d prefer a round one.
Text 5
M: Hello! May I order supper now?
W: Sorry, I’m afraid the restaurant has closed, but the bar does burgers and pizzas until midnight. Or we can bring sandwiches to your room if you prefer.
M: Fine. I don’t want to eat burgers or pizzas at night.
Text 6
W: Barry, I called you around 10 last night, but I couldn’t get through.
M: I was being interviewed in a radio program then, so I couldn’t use my phone.
W: I didn’t know that. What did you do in the program?
M: I talked about how I became a designer. So why did you call me?
W: I wanted to know if you’d have time to climb a mountain with us this afternoon. Lisa, David and I want some time outdoors.
M: Me too.
Text 7
M: Marina, could you do me a favor?
W: What’s going on, Austin?
M: You know, my wife is going on holiday with my daughter, and I have to go to Rome on business this Friday morning. Could you please take care of my dog — feed him twice a day and walk him once a day?
W: Oh, I’m afraid I can’t do that. I’m so scared of dogs.
M: How about your husband Robin?
W: He has been working overtime recently. Maybe Thomas can give you a hand — he loves dogs and is free these days.
M: OK. I’ll ask him if he can help me.
Text 8
M: We’ve got exams soon! Have you done much revision?
W: Well, I’ve been studying for two weeks. I just find it boring and I get so tired.
M: You could do the revision a couple of hours in the morning and then do the rest later in the day. Personally, I prefer to do it all in the evenings, but that doesn’t suit everyone.
W: Good idea. Anyway, this time next month, the exams will be over. Shall we organize a party?
M: Sure. We could have it at my place. My roommates won’t mind. How about on Friday 25th?
W: But that’s the very last day of the exams. I think Saturday would be better — giving us time to recover.
M: You’re probably right. On Sunday, some people might go away then or have other plans.
W: We’ll talk about food and music nearer the time — I have to go and review now!
Text 9
M: Hey, Connie! Good to see you back in the office.
W: Great to see you again.
M: Well, you were gone for two weeks. I’m still not clear why you left.
W: Oh, I went to do some volunteer work in mountain areas.
M: So how did you even get into it?
W: A college friend put me in touch with a local organization. You know, a lot of young people are looking for ways to give back to society.
M: Great. But how did you get our manager to approve the leave of absence? He’s strict with time off.
W: As for Anderson, he grew up in a poor area as well and he really sees value in this kind of project. Exactly, this experience will be of benefit to my current work as well.
M: Yeah. It must be interesting but tiring. I want to do so. How can I participate?
W: Oh, I’m sending you an email about the organization so that you can join us.
M: Great. I can’t wait to read it.
Text 10
Back to the news. Last Friday a storm hit two villages destroying fourteen houses. Seven others were so badly damaged that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows. One person was killed, and nine were badly injured and taken to hospital. A number of other people received small injuries. Altogether over two hundred were left homeless as a result of the storm.
A farmer said the storm began early in the morning and lasted over an hour. He was in the kitchen with his wife and his children when they heard a loud noise. A few minutes later their house fell down on top of them. They managed to climb out, but then he saw that one of his children was missing. He went back inside and found him safe but very frightened.
A woman said that her husband had just left for work when she noticed that her house was shaking. She rushed outside immediately with her children. There was no time for her to take anything. A few minutes later, the roof came down. Soldiers went to the area to help the people in trouble.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个各具特色的花园。
1. 细节理解题。根据Queen’s Wood下的“It might be only a few hundred metres from Highgate tube station(这里可能离海格特地铁站只有几百米)”可知，Queen’s Wood靠近地铁站。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据Postman’s Park下的“Within the quiet Postman’s Park, nestled beneath a roof, are just over 50 ceramic plaques, each honoring the memory of an ordinary person who lost their life trying to save others.(在宁静的邮差公园，坐落在一个屋顶下，有50多块陶瓷牌匾，每一块都是为了纪念一位为拯救他人而牺牲的普通人。)”可知，在Postman’s Park我们可以了解一些无私的故事。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据Phoenix Garden下的“The garden closed last autumn for redevelopment work（花园在去年秋天因重建工作而关闭）”以及Red Cross Garden下的“Originally intended to give Southwark children a space to play, this Victorian garden has been restored to its original design, complete with pond, cottage, bandstand and formal borders. While relaxing in the restored bandstand, it’s hard to imagine the view back in 1887 when it was surrounded by workhouses and factories. (这座维多利亚时代的花园原本是为了给萨瑟克区的孩子们提供一个玩耍的空间，现在已经恢复了原来的设计，包括池塘、小屋、音乐台和正式的边界。当你在修复后的舞台上放松时，很难想象1887年被济贫院和工厂包围时的景象。)”可知，Phoenix Garden和Red Cross Garden共同之处在于它们都有一些修复工作。故选A。
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了卢瑟福实现了她长久以来的梦想——一次独立的环球飞行并激励其他女孩有更高的目标。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“When she finishes her trip, which will take over two months, she’ll become the youngest woman to fly all the way around the globe by herself. She’s just 19 years old. Ms. Rutherford began her trip in Belgium on August 18. This trip is something she has dreamed about for a long time.(当她完成为期两个多月的环球之旅时，她将成为最年轻的独自环球飞行的女性。她才19岁。卢瑟福8月18日开始了她的比利时之行。这次旅行是她梦想了很久的事)”可知，扎拉·卢瑟福长久以来的梦想是一次独立的环球飞行。故选A。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“One of the seats has been replaced with an extra gas tank, which will allow Ms. Rutherford to cover longer distances. The plane has had several other updates for safety, including a second radio, and satellite communications.(其中一个座位被换成了一个额外的油箱，这样卢瑟福就可以跑更远的距离了。为了安全起见，这架飞机还进行了其他几项更新，包括第二台无线电和卫星通信)”可推断，卢瑟福准备得很充分。故选B。
3. 词义猜测题。根据划线词后文““As long as I’m home before Christmas, I’m content,” she says.(“只要我在圣诞节前回家，我就心满意足了，”她说)”可知，卢瑟福很乐观。由此推知，划线词upbeat为“乐观的”的意思。故选D。
4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“She hopes to inspire young girls to explore areas like aviation (flying), science, mathematics, and engineering.(她希望激励年轻女孩探索航空、科学、数学和工程等领域)”可知，卢瑟福女士计划访问学校和青年团体是为了鼓励其他女孩有更高的目标。故选C。
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们通过研究发现狗具有语言识别能力。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“To conduct their research, the study authors trained 18 pet dogs to lie motionless inside a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner(为了进行研究，该研究的作者们训练了18只宠物狗，让它们躺在功能性磁共振成像扫描仪里一动不动)”可知，研究对狗的要求是他们必须保持安静。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“so that their brain activity could be recorded while they listened to audio recordings of human speech.(这样当它们听人类讲话的音频录音时，它们的大脑活动就可以被记录下来。)”可知，研究人员是通过分析狗的大脑活动得到他们的发现的。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“However, it remains to be seen “whether this capacity is dogs’ specialty, or general among non-human species.”(然而，“这种能力是狗的专长，还是在非人类物种中普遍存在，还有待观察。”)”可推断，他们仍然需要进一步确认。故选B。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thousands of years of domestication have left dogs with a remarkable capacity to comprehend human speech, and new research reveals that the brains of our four-legged friends are even able to differentiate between languages.(经过数千年的驯化，狗已经拥有了理解人类语言的非凡能力，新的研究表明，我们这些四条腿的朋友的大脑甚至能够区分语言。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家们通过研究发现狗具有语言识别能力。所以“Dogs Can Distinguish Different Languages(狗能区分不同的语言)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B
【解析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了非洲的GGW计划，阐明了原因以及预期受益，并且阐述了这一计划由于各方面的困难进展缓慢。
1. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Heavy rains, droughts, wildfires and landslides have all become common throughout the world. But nowhere is quite like the Sahel. In this huge African region, climate change has materialized in a dramatic manner. In some cases, the severe conditions have left people with no option other than to migrate elsewhere to survive. It was with all of this in mind that the extraordinary, but heavily debated project was first put forward.(暴雨、干旱、野火和山体滑坡在世界各地很普遍。但没有什么地方能像萨赫勒人那样。在这个巨大的非洲地区，气候变化以戏剧性的方式实现。在某些情况下，严重的情况使人们别无选择，只能迁移到其他地方去生存。正是考虑到所有这一切，首次提出了这个非凡的，但却有激烈的争议的项目)”可知，GGW计划的目的是应对非洲多变的气候，改善当地生态。故选A。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段内容“Fourteen years have passed since the initiative formally kicked off. The stated goal was to create a 15-kilometre-wide, 8, 000-kilometre-long green belt of trees and other plants that, by 2030, would span(跨越) the entire width of the Sahel, from Senegal to Djibouti. Overall, 100 million hectares(公顷) of land would be restored by 2030. Once completed, it was announced, the wall could end up capturing(俘获) 250 million tonnes of carbon dioxide, while its creation and upkeep could create ten million jobs in rural areas.(该倡议正式启动已经过去14年了。既定的目标是建立一个15公里宽，8000公里长的树木和其他植物的绿化带，到2030年，将横跨整个萨赫尔地区，从塞内加尔到吉布提。总的来说，到2030年将恢复1亿公顷的土地。一旦完工，这堵墙最终可能会俘获2.5亿吨二氧化碳，而它的创造和维护可以在农村地区创造1000万个就业机会。)”可推断，这些数字表明了GGW计划的预期收益。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘When we started restoring the soil, we realized the area at risk was much wider than we initially thought,’ explains Elvis Paul Tangem, the African Union’s GGW coordinator. ‘We had few funds to push the initiative as much as we wanted to. There was skepticism among investors, who didn’t understand the project, but also among the African states themselves, which needed time to figure out if the GGW was a priority.’(“当我们开始恢复土壤时，我们意识到处于危险中的区域比我们最初想象的要大得多，”非洲联盟GGW协调员埃尔维斯·保罗·坦吉姆(Elvis Paul Tangem)解释说。“我们没有足够的资金来尽可能多地推动这项计划。投资者存在怀疑，他们不理解这个项目，但非洲国家自己也存在怀疑，他们需要时间来弄清楚GGW是否是优先项目。”)”可推断，埃尔维斯·保罗·坦吉姆对这项计划存在担忧。故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“Looking at the project as a whole, there’s still a long way to go. According to a status report by the UN Convention to Combat Desertification, about four million hectares of degraded land have been restored. This means that progress towards the 100 million hectares target stands at just four per cent.(从整体来看，这个项目还有很长的路要走。根据《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的一份现状报告，大约400万公顷的退化土地已经恢复。这意味着，实现1亿公顷目标的进展仅为4%。)”可推断，作者通过这篇文章想要传递的信息是，GGW计划进展缓慢。故选B。
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. F 39. B 40. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学学习的方法。
1. 根据前文“Studying smarter, not longer, matters now more than ever, with students in many countries having to manage their time and study more on their own.(更聪明地学习，而不是更长时间地学习，现在比以往任何时候都更重要，因为许多国家的学生不得不管理自己的时间，更多地自己学习)”和后文“The good news: Science points to ones that really work.(好消息：科学指出了真正有效的方法)”可知，这里介绍好多学生没有掌握学习的技能。D选择项“Yet many students have never learned those skills.(然而，许多学生从来没有学过这些技能)”符合题意，故选D。
2. 根据前文“Pay attention to drawings, graphics, chart and other visual aids in your class materials, psychologist Mark McDaniel says.(心理学家马克·麦克丹尼尔说，在课堂材料中注意绘画、图形、图表和其他视觉辅助材料)”可知，本段介绍的是注意图片对记忆的好处。C选择项“They really boost your memory of the material.(它们真的能提高你对材料的记忆)”符合题意，故选C。
3. 根据后文“But if you think about a lemon or vinegar, it’s easier to understand and remember that acids and sour go together.(但是如果你想到柠檬或醋，就更容易理解并记住酸和酸是一起的)”中的But可知，这里介绍单纯的记忆很困难。F选择项“On its own, that concept might be hard to remember.(就其本身而言，这个概念可能很难记住)”符合题意，故选F。
4. 根据后文“Instead, allow time between study sessions and you’ll learn and remember material better.(相反，在学习之间留出时间，这样你就能更好地学习和记忆材料)”可知，本段介绍的是要合理安排学习时间。B选择项“Space out your studying.(把你的学习空间隔开)”符合题意，故选B。
5. 根据本段开头“Dig deeper.(挖掘更深)”和前文““It’s asking a lot of how and why questions about it,” Nebel says.(“这是在问很多关于如何和为什么的问题，”内贝尔说)”可知，本段介绍的是我们深入学习，要学会钻研。E选择项“In other words, don’t just accept facts at face value.(换句话说，不要只接受事实的表面价值)”符合题意，故选E。
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. D 56. C 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者给一个特别的小患者——把立式吸尘器当作心爱玩具的小男孩达林做脊椎矫正的故事。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很害怕，因为大多数像他这样大的孩子都是第一次看医生。A. teacher老师：B. doctor医生；C. policeman警察；D. fireman消防员。空前一句说这是4岁的达林第一次进行脊椎矫正，因此此处是说去看医生，故选B。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是如果你赢得了孩子的信任，并花时间发展良好的关系，你就可以在他们的完全合作下给他们做脊椎矫正。A. company陪伴；B. resistance抵制；C. trust信任；D. sympathy同情。根据空后的“take the time to develop good relationship”可知，赢得孩子的信任，并花时间发展良好的关系，故选C。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cooperation合作；B. instruction指示；C. admiration钦佩；D. protection保护。根据空前的“you can do anything”可知，你可以在他们的完全合作下给他们做脊椎矫正，故选A。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现最有用的方法之一就是对孩子的特殊玩具表现出兴趣。A. techniques技巧、方法；B. projects项目；C. regulations规章；D. experiments试验。根据空后的“to show an interest in a child’s special toy”可知，对孩子的特殊玩具表现出兴趣是发展与小患者之间的良好关系的有效方法，故选A。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你抚摸、拥抱、爱护他们心爱的玩具时，你就打开了他们的心扉。A. hand-made手工制作的；B. costly昂贵的；C. household家用的；D. favored宠爱的、称心如意的。与空前的special toy呼应，此处指“心爱的玩具”，故选D。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给泰迪熊、芭比娃娃和消防车做过成千上万次脊椎矫正——你能说出来的，我都做过。但达林的情况不太一样。A. created创造；B. afforded负担得起；C. adjusted调整、矫正；D. exhibited展出。与文章第一句中的chiropractic adjustment呼应，此处指作者以前给喜欢泰迪熊、芭比娃娃或者消防车的小患者做过无数次脊椎矫正，第11空后的the adjusting room也是提示，故选C。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. appearance外表；B. reaction反应；C. illness疾病；D. situation情况。根据下一段“Darrin’s favorite play toy is our upright vacuum sweeper”可知，达林最喜欢的玩具很特别，是家里的立式吸尘器，因此他的情况与以往那些喜欢泰迪熊、芭比娃娃或者消防车的小患者不同，故选D。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我让达林的妈妈带他最喜欢的玩具来，但当我问起时，她说：“对不起，斯蒂尔瓦奇医生。达林最喜欢的玩具是我们的立式吸尘器，带着它来办公室让我感觉不太舒服（不太合适）”。A. bring带来；B. buy购买；C. polish改进；D. operate操作。上文说作者总结出对孩子的特殊玩具表现出兴趣是发展与小患者之间的良好关系、让他们积极配合做脊椎矫正手术的有效方法，因此他让达林的妈妈把他最喜欢的玩具带到医院来，故选A。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. warned警告；B. asked询问；C. dreamed梦想；D. argued争论。根据空后达林妈妈的回答可知，作者问起了玩具的事，故选B。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bitter苦的；B. ambitious有抱负的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据语境和常识可知，把孩子最喜欢的玩具——立式吸尘器带到医院让人不太舒服（不太合适），故选D。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走了出去，拿起我们的立式吸尘器，走进了矫正室。A. painted涂漆；B. decorated装饰；C. cleaned清洁；D. entered进入。小患者要做脊椎矫正，主治医生自然要进入矫正室给他做检查，故选D。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向他介绍我们的吸尘器，鼓励他去玩。A. begging乞求；B. encouraging鼓励；C. forcing强迫；D. forbidding禁止。根据语境，小患者在矫正室做脊椎检查自然是紧张害怕，因此作者鼓励他不用紧张，只管玩自己最喜欢的玩具，故选B。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的检查程序包括使用手持式扫描仪来监测患者的病情进展。A. procedure步骤、程序；B. standard标准；C. result结果；D. paper试卷。根据空后的“involves the use of a hand-held scanner to monitor the patient’s progress.”可知此处指“检查程序”，故选A。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿起扫描器，把它调节到和立式吸尘器一样的长度。A. covered覆盖；B. tested测试；C. ran运行；D. dug挖。根据空后的“it the full length of the upright vacuum sweeper.”可知，作者把扫描器调节到和立式吸尘器一样的长度进行扫描(让扫描器以立式吸尘器一样的长度运行)，故选C。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我把吸尘器放在矫正台上，假装在矫正。A. declined拒绝；B. failed未能；C. learned学会；D. pretended假装。根据上下文语境可知，作者是为了减轻达林的紧张感而假装在矫正吸尘器，故选D。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：达林看着我的一举一动。A. design设计；B. plan计划；C. move举动；D. program规划。空前一句说作者把吸尘器放在矫正台上，假装在矫正，因此达林盯着我的一举一动，看我是怎么操作的，故选C。
17. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他吸尘器很快就会好起来的。A. wiser更明智的；B. better更好的；C. tidier更整洁的；D. tighter更紧的。根据语境，作者告诉达林，经过矫正后，吸尘器马上就会好起来的，故选B。
18. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他满怀信心地坐在椅子上进行扫描，然后无所畏惧地坐在调整桌上。我们成了朋友，我调整了我的第一台立式真空吸尘器！A. mindlessly愚蠢地；B. nervously紧张地；C. fearlessly满怀信心地、无畏地；D. hesitatingly踌躇地。看过我一番故意的操作之后，达林放松了许多，满怀信心地坐在椅子上进行扫描，故选C。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. friends朋友；B. neighbors邻居； C. competitors对手；D. colleagues同事。根据上下文语境可知，在轻松的氛围中，作者和小患者成了朋友，而不是简单的医患关系，故选A。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. solid固体的；B. first第一的；C. best最好的；D. new新的。根据上文可知，达林最喜欢的玩具很特别，是立式吸尘器，此处一语双关，作者永远不会忘记这个特别的小患者——他遇到的第一个把立式吸尘器当作心爱玩具的小孩，故选B。
【答案】61. hugely
62. invention
63. dates 64. following
65. people’s
66. what 67. creating
68. which 69. larger
70. as
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了浙江省的几种民间艺术形式。
1. 考查副词。句意：它们根植于人们的生活经历，为丰富人们的文化生活做出了巨大贡献。此处修饰动词contribute，应用副词形式。故填hugely。
2. 考查名词。句意：在温州东源村，古老的中国发明木制活字印刷得以存续及发展，它可以追溯到元代。分析句子可知，空处填名词作主语，invention发明，创造，此处用作可数名词，此处特指木制活字印刷这项发明，应用单数形式。故填invention。
3. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在温州东源村，古老的中国发明木制活字印刷得以存续及发展，它可以追溯到元代。分析句子可知，句子是描述一个一般性事实，应用一般现在时，which引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句的主语the ancient Chinese invention，which替代先行词表示单数意义，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：时至今日，瑞安市人仍沿用以前的印刷技巧，以这种方式印刷家谱书。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语形式，follow和逻辑主语people之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填following。
5. 考查名词所有格。句意：它体现了中国人根深蒂固的家庭意识和对祖国的爱。此处修饰名词sense，应用名词所有格形式。故填people’s。
6. 考查表语从句。句意：另一种有趣的艺术形式是苍南县尼户村张家经过七代人的传承和完善。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，表示物，应用what引导。故填what。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它是用米粉制作各种工艺品，已被列入省级非物质文化遗产名录。作介词about的宾语应用动名词形式。故填creating。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：此外，在20世纪90年代初，出现了私人博物馆，是全国最早的私人博物馆之一。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是private museums，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
9. 考查形容词比较级。句意：与其他省份相比，它们的数量也更多，影响也更大。根据“Compared with other provinces”及空后的“bigger”可知，此处含比较之意，应用形容词比较级。故填larger。
10. 考查介词。句意：现在，宁波鄞州区被称为“博物馆区”，拥有30家私人博物馆。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语be known as…，意为“被认为是……，作为……而著名”。故填as。
【答案】1.删除every前的in
2.take前加to
3.were→are
4.idea→ideas
5.take→takes
6.Therefore→However
7.hold→held
8.actively→active
9.the→a
10.us→ourselves
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学校足球比赛对学生的好处。
1.考查介词。句意：我们学校每年都组织足球比赛。当时间词前面有this/that/every/last/next等词时不需要介词，“每年”表达为every year。故删除every前的in。
2.考查固定短语。句意：一些学生愿意参加，但他们担心他们没有足够的时间。结合句意表达“乐意/愿意做某事”用be willing to do sth.。故在take前加to。
3.考查时态。句意：一些学生愿意参加，但他们担心他们没有足够的时间。结合上下文语境可知，此处陈述陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故were改为are。
4.考查名词的数。句意：在此我想分享我的一些想法。idea“想法”为可数名词，前面有some，此处应用其复数形式。故idea改为ideas。
5.考查主谓一致。句意：毫无疑问加入比赛占用了一些学习时间。在that引导的同位语从句中，动名词短语joining in the matches作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式，且此处为一般现在时。故take改为takes。
6.考查副词。句意：然而，它们也可以带来一些好处，就像那些举行过的体育活动。上句说参加比赛会占用学习时间，此处说它们也有好处，上下文之间为转折关系，应用however连接。故Therefore改为However。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，它们也可以带来一些好处，就像那些举行过的体育活动。分析可知。activities后是修饰它的定语，它和hold之间为被动关系，且动作已经完成，应用过去分词形式。故hold改为held。
8.考查形容词。句意：它们可以使身体更健康，压力更小，思维更活跃。修饰名词thinking“思维”应用形容词。故actively改为active。
9.考查冠词。句意：学生们不仅能过上快乐的生活，而且在学校里也能表现得很好。结合句意表达“过……的生活”应用live a/an...life，且happy的发音为辅音音素开头，不定冠词应用a。故the改为a。
10.考查代词。句意：我希望我们能为自己做出正确的决定。当主语和宾语所指相同时，宾语应用反身代词。故us改为ourselves。
【答案】Time flies, and three years of high school life is coming to an end. I plan to go to a Medical University in the future and hope to make my own contribution in this field.
Inspired by the courageous medical staff who have emerged in the epidemic, I am determined to become a doctor and help patients, especially in difficult times like this. In order to experience the life as a doctor, I intend to work as a volunteer in a hospital during the summer vacation to learn more about routine of medical staff and knowledge of first aid.
To realize my dream, I will work harder.
【解析】这是一篇开放作文。要求考生写一篇短文谈谈自己对未来学习和生活的规划，并投稿给英文报YOUR VOICE栏目。
1.词汇积累
领域：area→field
勇敢的：brave→courageous
决定做某事：make up one’s mind to do sth.→be determined to do sth.
困难的：tough→hard
2.句型拓展
合并简单句
原句：Time flies, and three years of high school life is coming to an end.
拓展句：Time flying, three years of high school life is coming to an end.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]Inspired by the courageous medical staff who have emerged in the epidemic, I am determined to become a doctor and help patients, especially in difficult times like this.（运用了who引导定语从句）
[高分句型2]To realize my dream, I will work harder.（运用了不定式作目的状语）
马鞍山市2022年高三第二次教学质量监测
英语试题
第I卷
第一部分 考试听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标作试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To get a phone number. B. To find an address. C. To borrow a book.
2. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 10:30. B. At 11:00. C. At 12:00.
3. What happened to the painting Simpson’s Mother?
A. It was burned. B. It was spotted. C. It was tom.
4. What is the woman unsatisfied with about the table?
A. Its shape. B. Its size. C. Its colour.
5. What will the man probably have tonight?
A. Burgers. B. Pizzas. C. Sandwiches.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What did the man do last night?
A. He visited a friend. B. He had an interview. C. He fixed the radio.
7. How does the man feel about the woman’s plan?
A. Interested. B. Surprised. C. Disappointed.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why does the man ask for help?
A. He will go on holiday.
B. He will be in hospital.
C. He will be away on business.
9. Who will probably take care of the dog?
A. Marina. B. Robin. C. Thomas.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Increase her study time.
B. Manage her time properly.
C. Follow his revision schedule.
11. When will the speakers hold a party?
A. On the 25th. B. On the 26th. C. On the 27th.
12. What will the woman do next?
A. Prepare some food. B. Play some music. C. Do some revision.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Fellow workers. B. College friends. C. Teacher and student.
14. How did the woman get into volunteer work?
A. She founded a local organization.
B. She followed a group of young people.
C. She got the information from a friend.
15. What does the man think of his manager?
A. Strict. B. Generous. C. Energetic.
16. What is the man going to do?
A. Join in the project. B. Visit the company. C. Write an email.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. When did the storm happen?
A. Last Thursday. B. Last Friday. C. This Friday.
18. How many people were badly injured in the storm?
A. 15. B. 14. C. 9.
19. Where was the farmer when the storm came?
A. In the kitchen. B. In the bedroom. C. In the field.
20. What did the woman do when she saw her house shaking?
A. She took out her belongings quickly.
B. She rushed out with her children at once.
C. She told her husband to leave immediately.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Hidden gardens in London
From nature reserves to community spaces, we’ve dug up some of London’s most secret gardens, where you’ll find pockets of splendid nature and forget about all your worries.
Queen’s Wood
Across the road from the better-known Highgate Wood, there is something more magical and quiet about Queen’s Wood — witness its hilly pathways through the mountain ash and cherry trees. It might be only a few hundred metres from Highgate tube station, but native bluebells and countless species of small animals make this a wonderful retreat.
Phoenix Garden
Behind Charing Cross Road, this is a super spot for a leafy lunchtime break. Look out for frogs and sparrows, which are thriving thanks to an enthusiastic conservation initiative. The garden closed last autumn for redevelopment work but has reopened in time to take advantage of our long-awaited spell of improved weather.
Postman’s Park
A short walk from St Paul’s Cathedral lies one of London’s most touching monuments: George Frederic Watts’s Memorial to Heroic Self-Sacrifice. Within the quiet Postman’s Park, nestled beneath a roof, are just over 50 ceramic plaques(牌匾), each honoring the memory of an ordinary person who lost their life trying to save others.
Red Cross Garden
Originally intended to give Southwark children a space to play, this Victorian garden has been restored to its original design, complete with pond, cottage, bandstand and formal borders. While relaxing in the restored bandstand, it’s hard to imagine the view back in 1887 when it was surrounded by workhouses and factories.
21. Which garden is close to a subway station?
A. Queen’s Wood. B. Phoenix Garden.
C. Postman’s Park. D. Red Cross Garden.
22. What can you do in Postman’s Park?
A. Take photos of old workhouses. B. Swim in the pond.
C. Learn stories about selflessness. D. Enjoy a band show.
23. What do Phoenix Garden and Red Cross Garden have in common?
A. They have got some repair work. B. They were surrounded by factories.
C. They will be temporarily closed. D. They have the same original design.
NFK Editors — October 14, 2021 — Zara Rutherford is flying around the world by herself in a small plane. When she finishes her trip, which will take over two months, she’ll become the youngest woman to fly all the way around the globe by herself. She’s just 19 years old. Ms. Rutherford began her trip in Belgium on August 18. This trip is something she has dreamed about for a long time.
Ms. Rutherford has been learning to fly planes since she was 14 years old. Ms. Rutherford’s parents are both pilots, and they helped her practice. She got her pilot’s license in 2020 and has hundreds of hours of flying practice. She’s making this trip in a small two-seater plane called a microlight. One of the seats has been replaced with an extra gas tank, which will allow Ms. Rutherford to cover longer distances. The plane has had several other updates for safety, including a second radio, and satellite communications.
To follow her route, Ms. Rutherford needs to be able to see, since her plane can’t be guided using its instruments alone. That means she can’t fly at night or in bad weather. Ms. Rutherford is now in Nome, Alaska — the halfway point of her trip. While she’s had some delays and is a little behind schedule, she is upbeat. “As long as I’m home before Christmas, I’m content,” she says.
Ms. Rutherford plans to stay a night or two in each place to visit with schools and youth groups. She hopes to inspire young girls to explore areas like aviation (flying), science, mathematics, and engineering. As her father points out, currently, only about 5% of pilots are women.
24. What is Zara Rutherford’s long-held dream?
A. An independent flight around the world. B. Building a small plane.
C. A two-month self-driving travel in Belgium. D. Becoming the youngest pilot.
25. What can we learn about Ms. Rutherford from paragraph 2?
A. She needs a guide. B. She is well prepared.
C. She is knowledgeable. D. She has lots of hobbies.
26. What does the underlined word “upbeat” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Reliable. B. Innocent. C. Elegant. D. Optimistic.
27. Why does Ms. Rutherford plan to visit schools and youth groups?
A. To learn more scientific knowledge. B. To celebrate the festival together.
C. To encourage other girls to aim high. D. To help her father make speeches.
Thousands of years of domestication have left dogs with a remarkable capacity to comprehend human speech, and new research reveals that the brains of our four-legged friends are even able to differentiate between languages. Appearing in the journal Neuroimage, the new study is the first to detect such an ability in any non-human animal.
To conduct their research, the study authors trained 18 pet dogs to lie motionless inside a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner so that their brain activity could be recorded while they listened to audio recordings of human speech. Two of the dogs involved in the study came from homes that spoke Spanish, while the remaining 16 belonged to Hungarian-speaking families.
While in the scanner, each dog listened to an excerpt (节选) from Antoine de Saint-Exupéry’s The Little Prince in both Spanish and Hungarian. They also heard scrambled (杂乱的) versions of these recordings that made no sense and sounded completely unnatural.
When examining the responses of the dogs’ brains to these recordings, the researchers noted that activity patterns within the animals’ primary auditory cortex (听觉皮层) differed depending on whether they heard actual speech or scrambled nonsense. This suggests that dogs are indeed able to tell the difference between speech and non-speech, regardless of the language spoken.
The researchers also found that this response to language was more pronounced in older dogs, leading them to conclude that longer exposure to human speech enables pet dogs to improve their language recognition skills.
In a statement, study author Attila Andie explained these findings indicate that “the capacity to learn about the regularities of a language is not uniquely human.” However, it remains to be seen “whether this capacity is dogs’ specialty, or general among non-human species.”
“Indeed, it is possible that the brain changes from the tens of thousands of years that dogs have been living with humans have made them better language listeners, but this is not necessarily the case.”
28. What is the requirement for the dogs in the study?
A. They must be smart. B. They can study languages.
C. They must keep still. D. They can train their partners.
29. How did the researchers get their findings?
A. By consulting language experts. B. By collecting clinical data.
C. By observing the dogs’ body movements. D. By analyzing the dogs’ brain activity.
30. What can we infer about the findings from Attila Andie’s explanation?
A. They have proved his assumption. B. They need further confirming.
C. They are in line with the former ones. D. They apply to non-human species.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Older Dogs Can Learn New Tricks
B. Dogs Are Good Language Learners
C. Older Dogs Are Humans’ Perfect Partners
D. Dogs Can Distinguish Different Languages
In 2007, the African Union announced an ambitious project — to plant the Great Green Wall (GGW), a band of trees that would stretch the length of the Sahel.
The GGW is an ecological restoration project designed by African people for African people. Heavy rains, droughts, wildfires and landslides have all become common throughout the world. But nowhere is quite like the Sahel. In this huge African region, climate change has materialized in a dramatic manner. In some cases, the severe conditions have left people with no option other than to migrate elsewhere to survive. It was with all of this in mind that the extraordinary, but heavily debated project was first put forward.
Fourteen years have passed since the initiative formally kicked off. The stated goal was to create a 15-kilometre-wide, 8, 000-kilometre-long green belt of trees and other plants that, by 2030, would span(跨越) the entire width of the Sahel, from Senegal to Djibouti. Overall, 100 million hectares(公顷) of land would be restored by 2030. Once completed, it was announced, the wall could end up capturing(俘获) 250 million tonnes of carbon dioxide, while its creation and upkeep could create ten million jobs in rural areas.
Looking at the project as a whole, there’s still a long way to go. According to a status report by the UN Convention to Combat Desertification, about four million hectares of degraded land have been restored. This means that progress towards the 100 million hectares target stands at just four per cent.
“When we started restoring the soil, we realized the area at risk was much wider than we initially thought,” explains Elvis Paul Tangem, the African Union’s GGW coordinator. “We had few funds to push the initiative as much as we wanted to. There was skepticism among investors, who didn’t understand the project, but also among the African states themselves, which needed time to figure out if the GGW was a priority.”
32. What is the purpose of the GGW project?
A. To improve local ecology. B. To develop rural economy.
C. To predict climate patterns. D. To strengthen regional ties.
33. What do the statistics in paragraph 3 show of the initiative?
A. The service period. B. The total budget.
C. The targeted groups. D. The expected benefits.
34. How does Elvis Paul Tangem feel about the project?
A. Skeptical. B. Worried. C. Confident. D. Satisfied.
35. What message does the author intend to convey in the text?
A. African countries should stand together.
B. The progress of the GGW project is slow.
C. Fighting climate change is our top priority.
D. Natural disasters are worse than we thought.
第三部分 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Studying smarter, not longer, matters now more than ever, with students in many countries having to manage their time and study more on their own. ____36____ The good news: Science points to ones that really work.
Use pictures. Pay attention to drawings, graphics, chart and other visual aids in your class materials, psychologist Mark McDaniel says. “____37____ And if there aren’t pictures, creating them can be really, really useful.”
Find examples. Abstract concepts can be hard to understand. It tends to be far easier to form a mental image if you have a concrete example of something, psychologist Cynthia Nebel says. For instance, sour foods usually taste that way because they contain an acid.____38____ But if you think about a lemon or vinegar, it’s easier to understand and remember that acids and sour go together.
____39____ Psychologist Nate Komell “definitely did cram (临时抱佛脚)” before big tests when he was a student. He still thinks it’s a good idea to study the day before a big test. But research shows it’s a bad idea to cram all your studying into that day. Instead, allow time between study sessions and you’ll learn and remember material better.
Dig deeper. It’s hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don’t push further. Ask why things are a certain way. How did they come about? Why do they matter? Psychologists call this elaboration. “It’s asking a lot of how and why questions about it,” Nebel says.____40____
Try adding just one new study skill each week or two. It may seem odd at first. But, by the time week two rolls around, it becomes a normal thing.
A. Reread books and notes.
B. Space out your studying.
C. They really boost your memory of the material.
D. Yet many students have never learned those skills.
E. In other words, don’t just accept facts at face value.
F. On its own, that concept might be hard to remember.
G. It’s like telling students to learn to swim by “just swimming.”
第四部分 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was 4-year-old Darrin’s first chiropractic adjustment(脊椎矫正术). He was afraid, as most children are on their first visit to any ____41____.
But if you gain children’s ____42____ and take the time to develop good relationship, you can do anything with their complete ____43____. One of the ____44____ I find most useful is to show an interest in a child’s special toy. When you touch, hug and love their ____45____ toy, you open the door to their heart. I have given thousands of chiropractic adjustments to teddy bears, Barbie dolls and fire trucks — you name it, I’ve ____46____ it.
Darrin’s ____47____, however, was different.
I had told Darrin’s mother to ____48____ his favorite toy, but when I ____49____ about it, she said, “Sorry, Dr. Stillwagon. Darrin’s favorite play toy is our upright vacuum sweeper(立式吸尘器), and I just couldn’t feel _____50_____ coming to the office with it.”
“Wait just a minute,” said. I went out, got our upright vacuum sweeper and _____51_____ the adjusting room. I introduced him to our vacuum sweeper, _____52_____ him to play with it.
Our examination _____53_____ involves the use of a hand-held scanner to monitor the patient’s progress. I took the scanner and _____54_____ it the full length of the upright vacuum sweeper. I then placed the sweeper on the adjusting table and _____55_____ to adjust it. Darrin watched my every _____56_____. I told him that the sweeper would soon feel _____57_____.
Darrin was next. Full of confidence, he sat on the chair for the scan, and then _____58_____ sat on the adjusting table. We had become _____59_____, and I had adjusted my _____60_____ upright vacuum sweeper!
41. A. teacher B. doctor C. policeman D. fireman
42. A. company B. resistance C. trust D. sympathy
43. A. cooperation B. instruction C. admiration D. protection
44. A. techniques B. projects C. regulations D. experiments
45. A. hand-made B. costly C. household D. favored
46. A. created B. afforded C. adjusted D. exhibited
47. A. appearance B. reaction C. illness D. situation
48. A. bring B. buy C. polish D. operate
49. A. warned B. asked C. dreamed D. argued
50. A. bitter B. ambitious C. embarrassed D. comfortable
51. A. painted B. decorated C. cleaned D. entered
52. A. begging B. encouraging C. forcing D. forbidding
53. A. procedure B. standard C. result D. paper
54. A. covered B. tested C. ran D. dug
55. A. declined B. failed C. learned D. pretended
56. A. design B. plan C. move D. program
57. A. wiser B. better C. tidier D. tighter
58. A. mindlessly B. nervously C. fearlessly D. hesitatingly
59. A. friends B. neighbors C. competitors D. colleagues
60. A. solid B. first C. best D. new
第II卷
第五部分 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhejiang province, home to an impressive number of folk artists, has many types of folk art. Rooted in life experiences, they contribute ____61____ (huge) to enriching people’s cultural life.
In the village of Dongyuan, Wenzhou, the ancient Chinese____62____ (invent) of wooden movable type printing is marching forward, which____63____ (date) back to the Yuan dynasty. Today people in Rui’an still print the family-tree books in this way,____64____(follow) the previous printing tips. And traditionally, people in Zhejiang update the family trees every 30 years. It indicates the Chinese ____65____ (people) deep-rooted sense of family and love for their homeland. Another interesting art form is____66____ the Zhang family in Nichu village of Cangnan county has taken and perfected for seven generations. It is about ____67____ (create) all kinds of artifacts with rice flour and has been added to the provincial intangible cultural heritage list. Besides, in the early 1990s, there emerged private museums,____68____ were among the first nationwide. Compared with other provinces, they are also ____69____(large) in number, and have bigger impact. Now, Yinzhou District in Ningbo, known ____70____ the “Museum District”, is home to 30 private museums.
第六部分 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Our school organizes football matches in every year. Some students are willing take part but they were worried that they don’t have enough time. I want to share some of my idea here. There is no doubt that joining in the matches take up some study time. Therefore, they can bring some benefits like those sporting activities hold before. They can lead to a healthier body, less stress, and more actively thinking. Students can not only live the happy life but also perform well at school. I hope we can make right decisions for us.
第七部分 书面表达（满分25分）
72. 高中生活即将结束，你对未来的学习和生活有什么好的规划？请用英语写一篇短文给某英文报YOUR VOICE栏目，内容包括：
1. 提出规划；
2. 给出理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】1-5 ACBAC 6-10 BACCB 11-15 BCACA 16-20 ABCAB
【解析】Text 1
W: Hello, Jack! This is Sarah. Do you happen to know John’s phone number?
M: Yes, but I don’t have it at hand. I can look it up for you in my address book when I get home.
Text 2
W: Hi, Tim. I said I’d meet you at eleven, but something’s come up. My little brother’s broken a tooth and I should take him to see the dentist at ten thirty. So, could we meet a bit later?
M: Sure. Say at twelve?
W: OK.
Text 3
M: Luckily, the famous painting Simpson’s Mother escaped the fire at the museum.
W: But the water system, which came on automatically, left a large mark in the bottom right-hand corner. Actually, the frame was broken when it was being transported. Fortunately, the painting itself didn’t tear.
Text 4
W: I’m looking for a new table for my dining room. It needs to seat at least six.
M: Do you have a particular style in mind? We have this beautiful brown square table on sale.
W: But I’d prefer a round one.
Text 5
M: Hello! May I order supper now?
W: Sorry, I’m afraid the restaurant has closed, but the bar does burgers and pizzas until midnight. Or we can bring sandwiches to your room if you prefer.
M: Fine. I don’t want to eat burgers or pizzas at night.
Text 6
W: Barry, I called you around 10 last night, but I couldn’t get through.
M: I was being interviewed in a radio program then, so I couldn’t use my phone.
W: I didn’t know that. What did you do in the program?
M: I talked about how I became a designer. So why did you call me?
W: I wanted to know if you’d have time to climb a mountain with us this afternoon. Lisa, David and I want some time outdoors.
M: Me too.
Text 7
M: Marina, could you do me a favor?
W: What’s going on, Austin?
M: You know, my wife is going on holiday with my daughter, and I have to go to Rome on business this Friday morning. Could you please take care of my dog — feed him twice a day and walk him once a day?
W: Oh, I’m afraid I can’t do that. I’m so scared of dogs.
M: How about your husband Robin?
W: He has been working overtime recently. Maybe Thomas can give you a hand — he loves dogs and is free these days.
M: OK. I’ll ask him if he can help me.
Text 8
M: We’ve got exams soon! Have you done much revision?
W: Well, I’ve been studying for two weeks. I just find it boring and I get so tired.
M: You could do the revision a couple of hours in the morning and then do the rest later in the day. Personally, I prefer to do it all in the evenings, but that doesn’t suit everyone.
W: Good idea. Anyway, this time next month, the exams will be over. Shall we organize a party?
M: Sure. We could have it at my place. My roommates won’t mind. How about on Friday 25th?
W: But that’s the very last day of the exams. I think Saturday would be better — giving us time to recover.
M: You’re probably right. On Sunday, some people might go away then or have other plans.
W: We’ll talk about food and music nearer the time — I have to go and review now!
Text 9
M: Hey, Connie! Good to see you back in the office.
W: Great to see you again.
M: Well, you were gone for two weeks. I’m still not clear why you left.
W: Oh, I went to do some volunteer work in mountain areas.
M: So how did you even get into it?
W: A college friend put me in touch with a local organization. You know, a lot of young people are looking for ways to give back to society.
M: Great. But how did you get our manager to approve the leave of absence? He’s strict with time off.
W: As for Anderson, he grew up in a poor area as well and he really sees value in this kind of project. Exactly, this experience will be of benefit to my current work as well.
M: Yeah. It must be interesting but tiring. I want to do so. How can I participate?
W: Oh, I’m sending you an email about the organization so that you can join us.
M: Great. I can’t wait to read it.
Text 10
Back to the news. Last Friday a storm hit two villages destroying fourteen houses. Seven others were so badly damaged that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows. One person was killed, and nine were badly injured and taken to hospital. A number of other people received small injuries. Altogether over two hundred were left homeless as a result of the storm.
A farmer said the storm began early in the morning and lasted over an hour. He was in the kitchen with his wife and his children when they heard a loud noise. A few minutes later their house fell down on top of them. They managed to climb out, but then he saw that one of his children was missing. He went back inside and found him safe but very frightened.
A woman said that her husband had just left for work when she noticed that her house was shaking. She rushed outside immediately with her children. There was no time for her to take anything. A few minutes later, the roof came down. Soldiers went to the area to help the people in trouble.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个各具特色的花园。
1. 细节理解题。根据Queen’s Wood下的“It might be only a few hundred metres from Highgate tube station(这里可能离海格特地铁站只有几百米)”可知，Queen’s Wood靠近地铁站。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据Postman’s Park下的“Within the quiet Postman’s Park, nestled beneath a roof, are just over 50 ceramic plaques, each honoring the memory of an ordinary person who lost their life trying to save others.(在宁静的邮差公园，坐落在一个屋顶下，有50多块陶瓷牌匾，每一块都是为了纪念一位为拯救他人而牺牲的普通人。)”可知，在Postman’s Park我们可以了解一些无私的故事。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据Phoenix Garden下的“The garden closed last autumn for redevelopment work（花园在去年秋天因重建工作而关闭）”以及Red Cross Garden下的“Originally intended to give Southwark children a space to play, this Victorian garden has been restored to its original design, complete with pond, cottage, bandstand and formal borders. While relaxing in the restored bandstand, it’s hard to imagine the view back in 1887 when it was surrounded by workhouses and factories. (这座维多利亚时代的花园原本是为了给萨瑟克区的孩子们提供一个玩耍的空间，现在已经恢复了原来的设计，包括池塘、小屋、音乐台和正式的边界。当你在修复后的舞台上放松时，很难想象1887年被济贫院和工厂包围时的景象。)”可知，Phoenix Garden和Red Cross Garden共同之处在于它们都有一些修复工作。故选A。
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了卢瑟福实现了她长久以来的梦想——一次独立的环球飞行并激励其他女孩有更高的目标。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“When she finishes her trip, which will take over two months, she’ll become the youngest woman to fly all the way around the globe by herself. She’s just 19 years old. Ms. Rutherford began her trip in Belgium on August 18. This trip is something she has dreamed about for a long time.(当她完成为期两个多月的环球之旅时，她将成为最年轻的独自环球飞行的女性。她才19岁。卢瑟福8月18日开始了她的比利时之行。这次旅行是她梦想了很久的事)”可知，扎拉·卢瑟福长久以来的梦想是一次独立的环球飞行。故选A。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“One of the seats has been replaced with an extra gas tank, which will allow Ms. Rutherford to cover longer distances. The plane has had several other updates for safety, including a second radio, and satellite communications.(其中一个座位被换成了一个额外的油箱，这样卢瑟福就可以跑更远的距离了。为了安全起见，这架飞机还进行了其他几项更新，包括第二台无线电和卫星通信)”可推断，卢瑟福准备得很充分。故选B。
3. 词义猜测题。根据划线词后文““As long as I’m home before Christmas, I’m content,” she says.(“只要我在圣诞节前回家，我就心满意足了，”她说)”可知，卢瑟福很乐观。由此推知，划线词upbeat为“乐观的”的意思。故选D。
4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“She hopes to inspire young girls to explore areas like aviation (flying), science, mathematics, and engineering.(她希望激励年轻女孩探索航空、科学、数学和工程等领域)”可知，卢瑟福女士计划访问学校和青年团体是为了鼓励其他女孩有更高的目标。故选C。
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们通过研究发现狗具有语言识别能力。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“To conduct their research, the study authors trained 18 pet dogs to lie motionless inside a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner(为了进行研究，该研究的作者们训练了18只宠物狗，让它们躺在功能性磁共振成像扫描仪里一动不动)”可知，研究对狗的要求是他们必须保持安静。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“so that their brain activity could be recorded while they listened to audio recordings of human speech.(这样当它们听人类讲话的音频录音时，它们的大脑活动就可以被记录下来。)”可知，研究人员是通过分析狗的大脑活动得到他们的发现的。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“However, it remains to be seen “whether this capacity is dogs’ specialty, or general among non-human species.”(然而，“这种能力是狗的专长，还是在非人类物种中普遍存在，还有待观察。”)”可推断，他们仍然需要进一步确认。故选B。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thousands of years of domestication have left dogs with a remarkable capacity to comprehend human speech, and new research reveals that the brains of our four-legged friends are even able to differentiate between languages.(经过数千年的驯化，狗已经拥有了理解人类语言的非凡能力，新的研究表明，我们这些四条腿的朋友的大脑甚至能够区分语言。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家们通过研究发现狗具有语言识别能力。所以“Dogs Can Distinguish Different Languages(狗能区分不同的语言)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B
【解析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了非洲的GGW计划，阐明了原因以及预期受益，并且阐述了这一计划由于各方面的困难进展缓慢。
1. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Heavy rains, droughts, wildfires and landslides have all become common throughout the world. But nowhere is quite like the Sahel. In this huge African region, climate change has materialized in a dramatic manner. In some cases, the severe conditions have left people with no option other than to migrate elsewhere to survive. It was with all of this in mind that the extraordinary, but heavily debated project was first put forward.(暴雨、干旱、野火和山体滑坡在世界各地很普遍。但没有什么地方能像萨赫勒人那样。在这个巨大的非洲地区，气候变化以戏剧性的方式实现。在某些情况下，严重的情况使人们别无选择，只能迁移到其他地方去生存。正是考虑到所有这一切，首次提出了这个非凡的，但却有激烈的争议的项目)”可知，GGW计划的目的是应对非洲多变的气候，改善当地生态。故选A。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段内容“Fourteen years have passed since the initiative formally kicked off. The stated goal was to create a 15-kilometre-wide, 8, 000-kilometre-long green belt of trees and other plants that, by 2030, would span(跨越) the entire width of the Sahel, from Senegal to Djibouti. Overall, 100 million hectares(公顷) of land would be restored by 2030. Once completed, it was announced, the wall could end up capturing(俘获) 250 million tonnes of carbon dioxide, while its creation and upkeep could create ten million jobs in rural areas.(该倡议正式启动已经过去14年了。既定的目标是建立一个15公里宽，8000公里长的树木和其他植物的绿化带，到2030年，将横跨整个萨赫尔地区，从塞内加尔到吉布提。总的来说，到2030年将恢复1亿公顷的土地。一旦完工，这堵墙最终可能会俘获2.5亿吨二氧化碳，而它的创造和维护可以在农村地区创造1000万个就业机会。)”可推断，这些数字表明了GGW计划的预期收益。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘When we started restoring the soil, we realized the area at risk was much wider than we initially thought,’ explains Elvis Paul Tangem, the African Union’s GGW coordinator. ‘We had few funds to push the initiative as much as we wanted to. There was skepticism among investors, who didn’t understand the project, but also among the African states themselves, which needed time to figure out if the GGW was a priority.’(“当我们开始恢复土壤时，我们意识到处于危险中的区域比我们最初想象的要大得多，”非洲联盟GGW协调员埃尔维斯·保罗·坦吉姆(Elvis Paul Tangem)解释说。“我们没有足够的资金来尽可能多地推动这项计划。投资者存在怀疑，他们不理解这个项目，但非洲国家自己也存在怀疑，他们需要时间来弄清楚GGW是否是优先项目。”)”可推断，埃尔维斯·保罗·坦吉姆对这项计划存在担忧。故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“Looking at the project as a whole, there’s still a long way to go. According to a status report by the UN Convention to Combat Desertification, about four million hectares of degraded land have been restored. This means that progress towards the 100 million hectares target stands at just four per cent.(从整体来看，这个项目还有很长的路要走。根据《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的一份现状报告，大约400万公顷的退化土地已经恢复。这意味着，实现1亿公顷目标的进展仅为4%。)”可推断，作者通过这篇文章想要传递的信息是，GGW计划进展缓慢。故选B。
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. F 39. B 40. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学学习的方法。
1. 根据前文“Studying smarter, not longer, matters now more than ever, with students in many countries having to manage their time and study more on their own.(更聪明地学习，而不是更长时间地学习，现在比以往任何时候都更重要，因为许多国家的学生不得不管理自己的时间，更多地自己学习)”和后文“The good news: Science points to ones that really work.(好消息：科学指出了真正有效的方法)”可知，这里介绍好多学生没有掌握学习的技能。D选择项“Yet many students have never learned those skills.(然而，许多学生从来没有学过这些技能)”符合题意，故选D。
2. 根据前文“Pay attention to drawings, graphics, chart and other visual aids in your class materials, psychologist Mark McDaniel says.(心理学家马克·麦克丹尼尔说，在课堂材料中注意绘画、图形、图表和其他视觉辅助材料)”可知，本段介绍的是注意图片对记忆的好处。C选择项“They really boost your memory of the material.(它们真的能提高你对材料的记忆)”符合题意，故选C。
3. 根据后文“But if you think about a lemon or vinegar, it’s easier to understand and remember that acids and sour go together.(但是如果你想到柠檬或醋，就更容易理解并记住酸和酸是一起的)”中的But可知，这里介绍单纯的记忆很困难。F选择项“On its own, that concept might be hard to remember.(就其本身而言，这个概念可能很难记住)”符合题意，故选F。
4. 根据后文“Instead, allow time between study sessions and you’ll learn and remember material better.(相反，在学习之间留出时间，这样你就能更好地学习和记忆材料)”可知，本段介绍的是要合理安排学习时间。B选择项“Space out your studying.(把你的学习空间隔开)”符合题意，故选B。
5. 根据本段开头“Dig deeper.(挖掘更深)”和前文““It’s asking a lot of how and why questions about it,” Nebel says.(“这是在问很多关于如何和为什么的问题，”内贝尔说)”可知，本段介绍的是我们深入学习，要学会钻研。E选择项“In other words, don’t just accept facts at face value.(换句话说，不要只接受事实的表面价值)”符合题意，故选E。
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. D 56. C 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者给一个特别的小患者——把立式吸尘器当作心爱玩具的小男孩达林做脊椎矫正的故事。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很害怕，因为大多数像他这样大的孩子都是第一次看医生。A. teacher老师：B. doctor医生；C. policeman警察；D. fireman消防员。空前一句说这是4岁的达林第一次进行脊椎矫正，因此此处是说去看医生，故选B。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是如果你赢得了孩子的信任，并花时间发展良好的关系，你就可以在他们的完全合作下给他们做脊椎矫正。A. company陪伴；B. resistance抵制；C. trust信任；D. sympathy同情。根据空后的“take the time to develop good relationship”可知，赢得孩子的信任，并花时间发展良好的关系，故选C。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cooperation合作；B. instruction指示；C. admiration钦佩；D. protection保护。根据空前的“you can do anything”可知，你可以在他们的完全合作下给他们做脊椎矫正，故选A。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现最有用的方法之一就是对孩子的特殊玩具表现出兴趣。A. techniques技巧、方法；B. projects项目；C. regulations规章；D. experiments试验。根据空后的“to show an interest in a child’s special toy”可知，对孩子的特殊玩具表现出兴趣是发展与小患者之间的良好关系的有效方法，故选A。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你抚摸、拥抱、爱护他们心爱的玩具时，你就打开了他们的心扉。A. hand-made手工制作的；B. costly昂贵的；C. household家用的；D. favored宠爱的、称心如意的。与空前的special toy呼应，此处指“心爱的玩具”，故选D。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给泰迪熊、芭比娃娃和消防车做过成千上万次脊椎矫正——你能说出来的，我都做过。但达林的情况不太一样。A. created创造；B. afforded负担得起；C. adjusted调整、矫正；D. exhibited展出。与文章第一句中的chiropractic adjustment呼应，此处指作者以前给喜欢泰迪熊、芭比娃娃或者消防车的小患者做过无数次脊椎矫正，第11空后的the adjusting room也是提示，故选C。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. appearance外表；B. reaction反应；C. illness疾病；D. situation情况。根据下一段“Darrin’s favorite play toy is our upright vacuum sweeper”可知，达林最喜欢的玩具很特别，是家里的立式吸尘器，因此他的情况与以往那些喜欢泰迪熊、芭比娃娃或者消防车的小患者不同，故选D。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我让达林的妈妈带他最喜欢的玩具来，但当我问起时，她说：“对不起，斯蒂尔瓦奇医生。达林最喜欢的玩具是我们的立式吸尘器，带着它来办公室让我感觉不太舒服（不太合适）”。A. bring带来；B. buy购买；C. polish改进；D. operate操作。上文说作者总结出对孩子的特殊玩具表现出兴趣是发展与小患者之间的良好关系、让他们积极配合做脊椎矫正手术的有效方法，因此他让达林的妈妈把他最喜欢的玩具带到医院来，故选A。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. warned警告；B. asked询问；C. dreamed梦想；D. argued争论。根据空后达林妈妈的回答可知，作者问起了玩具的事，故选B。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bitter苦的；B. ambitious有抱负的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据语境和常识可知，把孩子最喜欢的玩具——立式吸尘器带到医院让人不太舒服（不太合适），故选D。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走了出去，拿起我们的立式吸尘器，走进了矫正室。A. painted涂漆；B. decorated装饰；C. cleaned清洁；D. entered进入。小患者要做脊椎矫正，主治医生自然要进入矫正室给他做检查，故选D。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向他介绍我们的吸尘器，鼓励他去玩。A. begging乞求；B. encouraging鼓励；C. forcing强迫；D. forbidding禁止。根据语境，小患者在矫正室做脊椎检查自然是紧张害怕，因此作者鼓励他不用紧张，只管玩自己最喜欢的玩具，故选B。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的检查程序包括使用手持式扫描仪来监测患者的病情进展。A. procedure步骤、程序；B. standard标准；C. result结果；D. paper试卷。根据空后的“involves the use of a hand-held scanner to monitor the patient’s progress.”可知此处指“检查程序”，故选A。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿起扫描器，把它调节到和立式吸尘器一样的长度。A. covered覆盖；B. tested测试；C. ran运行；D. dug挖。根据空后的“it the full length of the upright vacuum sweeper.”可知，作者把扫描器调节到和立式吸尘器一样的长度进行扫描(让扫描器以立式吸尘器一样的长度运行)，故选C。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我把吸尘器放在矫正台上，假装在矫正。A. declined拒绝；B. failed未能；C. learned学会；D. pretended假装。根据上下文语境可知，作者是为了减轻达林的紧张感而假装在矫正吸尘器，故选D。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：达林看着我的一举一动。A. design设计；B. plan计划；C. move举动；D. program规划。空前一句说作者把吸尘器放在矫正台上，假装在矫正，因此达林盯着我的一举一动，看我是怎么操作的，故选C。
17. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他吸尘器很快就会好起来的。A. wiser更明智的；B. better更好的；C. tidier更整洁的；D. tighter更紧的。根据语境，作者告诉达林，经过矫正后，吸尘器马上就会好起来的，故选B。
18. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他满怀信心地坐在椅子上进行扫描，然后无所畏惧地坐在调整桌上。我们成了朋友，我调整了我的第一台立式真空吸尘器！A. mindlessly愚蠢地；B. nervously紧张地；C. fearlessly满怀信心地、无畏地；D. hesitatingly踌躇地。看过我一番故意的操作之后，达林放松了许多，满怀信心地坐在椅子上进行扫描，故选C。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. friends朋友；B. neighbors邻居； C. competitors对手；D. colleagues同事。根据上下文语境可知，在轻松的氛围中，作者和小患者成了朋友，而不是简单的医患关系，故选A。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. solid固体的；B. first第一的；C. best最好的；D. new新的。根据上文可知，达林最喜欢的玩具很特别，是立式吸尘器，此处一语双关，作者永远不会忘记这个特别的小患者——他遇到的第一个把立式吸尘器当作心爱玩具的小孩，故选B。
【答案】61. hugely
62. invention
63. dates 64. following
65. people’s
66. what 67. creating
68. which 69. larger
70. as
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了浙江省的几种民间艺术形式。
1. 考查副词。句意：它们根植于人们的生活经历，为丰富人们的文化生活做出了巨大贡献。此处修饰动词contribute，应用副词形式。故填hugely。
2. 考查名词。句意：在温州东源村，古老的中国发明木制活字印刷得以存续及发展，它可以追溯到元代。分析句子可知，空处填名词作主语，invention发明，创造，此处用作可数名词，此处特指木制活字印刷这项发明，应用单数形式。故填invention。
3. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在温州东源村，古老的中国发明木制活字印刷得以存续及发展，它可以追溯到元代。分析句子可知，句子是描述一个一般性事实，应用一般现在时，which引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句的主语the ancient Chinese invention，which替代先行词表示单数意义，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：时至今日，瑞安市人仍沿用以前的印刷技巧，以这种方式印刷家谱书。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语形式，follow和逻辑主语people之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填following。
5. 考查名词所有格。句意：它体现了中国人根深蒂固的家庭意识和对祖国的爱。此处修饰名词sense，应用名词所有格形式。故填people’s。
6. 考查表语从句。句意：另一种有趣的艺术形式是苍南县尼户村张家经过七代人的传承和完善。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，表示物，应用what引导。故填what。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它是用米粉制作各种工艺品，已被列入省级非物质文化遗产名录。作介词about的宾语应用动名词形式。故填creating。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：此外，在20世纪90年代初，出现了私人博物馆，是全国最早的私人博物馆之一。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是private museums，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
9. 考查形容词比较级。句意：与其他省份相比，它们的数量也更多，影响也更大。根据“Compared with other provinces”及空后的“bigger”可知，此处含比较之意，应用形容词比较级。故填larger。
10. 考查介词。句意：现在，宁波鄞州区被称为“博物馆区”，拥有30家私人博物馆。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语be known as…，意为“被认为是……，作为……而著名”。故填as。
【答案】1.删除every前的in
2.take前加to
3.were→are
4.idea→ideas
5.take→takes
6.Therefore→However
7.hold→held
8.actively→active
9.the→a
10.us→ourselves
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学校足球比赛对学生的好处。
1.考查介词。句意：我们学校每年都组织足球比赛。当时间词前面有this/that/every/last/next等词时不需要介词，“每年”表达为every year。故删除every前的in。
2.考查固定短语。句意：一些学生愿意参加，但他们担心他们没有足够的时间。结合句意表达“乐意/愿意做某事”用be willing to do sth.。故在take前加to。
3.考查时态。句意：一些学生愿意参加，但他们担心他们没有足够的时间。结合上下文语境可知，此处陈述陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故were改为are。
4.考查名词的数。句意：在此我想分享我的一些想法。idea“想法”为可数名词，前面有some，此处应用其复数形式。故idea改为ideas。
5.考查主谓一致。句意：毫无疑问加入比赛占用了一些学习时间。在that引导的同位语从句中，动名词短语joining in the matches作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式，且此处为一般现在时。故take改为takes。
6.考查副词。句意：然而，它们也可以带来一些好处，就像那些举行过的体育活动。上句说参加比赛会占用学习时间，此处说它们也有好处，上下文之间为转折关系，应用however连接。故Therefore改为However。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，它们也可以带来一些好处，就像那些举行过的体育活动。分析可知。activities后是修饰它的定语，它和hold之间为被动关系，且动作已经完成，应用过去分词形式。故hold改为held。
8.考查形容词。句意：它们可以使身体更健康，压力更小，思维更活跃。修饰名词thinking“思维”应用形容词。故actively改为active。
9.考查冠词。句意：学生们不仅能过上快乐的生活，而且在学校里也能表现得很好。结合句意表达“过……的生活”应用live a/an...life，且happy的发音为辅音音素开头，不定冠词应用a。故the改为a。
10.考查代词。句意：我希望我们能为自己做出正确的决定。当主语和宾语所指相同时，宾语应用反身代词。故us改为ourselves。
【答案】Time flies, and three years of high school life is coming to an end. I plan to go to a Medical University in the future and hope to make my own contribution in this field.
Inspired by the courageous medical staff who have emerged in the epidemic, I am determined to become a doctor and help patients, especially in difficult times like this. In order to experience the life as a doctor, I intend to work as a volunteer in a hospital during the summer vacation to learn more about routine of medical staff and knowledge of first aid.
To realize my dream, I will work harder.
【解析】这是一篇开放作文。要求考生写一篇短文谈谈自己对未来学习和生活的规划，并投稿给英文报YOUR VOICE栏目。
1.词汇积累
领域：area→field
勇敢的：brave→courageous
决定做某事：make up one’s mind to do sth.→be determined to do sth.
困难的：tough→hard
2.句型拓展
合并简单句
原句：Time flies, and three years of high school life is coming to an end.
拓展句：Time flying, three years of high school life is coming to an end.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]Inspired by the courageous medical staff who have emerged in the epidemic, I am determined to become a doctor and help patients, especially in difficult times like this.（运用了who引导定语从句）
[高分句型2]To realize my dream, I will work harder.（运用了不定式作目的状语）
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