湖南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期第一次月考试卷(Word版附解析)
展开湖南师大附中 2022-2023学年度高二第一学期
第一次大练习
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Want to experience unique restaurants in the world? Go and have a try!
Ithaa Restaurant, the Maldives
If you want to enjoy a sea view while you eat but are not used to being in aboat, you will be impressed by the Ithaa Restaurant in the Maldives. The restaurant, with a name that means “pearl”in the local dialect, is located 15feet beneath the surface of the Indian Ocean. As the first of its kind in the world, it is surrounded by coral reefs and other underwater species, offering diners 270-degree underwater views. Of course, having dinner here will cost you a lot, but it is definitely worth it.
Gajumaru Treehouse Diner, Japan
When delicious food is combined with natural beauty, it makes for an unforgettable dining experience. The Gajumaru Treehouse Diner is a restaurant built in a big tree, 20 feet tall. After travelling to the main dining hall by elevator, customers can enjoy Japanese hotpot, shabu-shabu, while overlooking the city andthe beautiful Naha Harbor beyond. The lights of the port in the evening make adinner at Gajumaru even more wonderful, so it is good value for the money.
Dinner in the sky, Belgium
A Brussels-based moving restaurant is ready for you to do something a little more extreme at meal times. If you are rich enough to afford the prices, a crane (吊车) will lift you and other 21 customers and waiters into the sky-l50 feet above theground, where you can enjoy the high-end cuisine (烹饪) for a couple of hours. Your seat can rotate (旋转) around 180 degrees so that you get a bird’s eye view ofthe surrounding scenery. You may feel excited and a little scared, but do remember to fasten your seat belt and don’t drop your fork! The restaurant’s mobile form can even travel to any destination in the world — Paris, New York or Niagara Falls...
1. Where is Gajumaru Treehouse Diner built?
A. In the sky. B. In a tree.
C. In the sea. D. In Naha Harbor.
2. How many people altogether can be in the sky in the mobile restaurant in Belgium?
A. 21. B. 22. C. 30. D. 33.
3. What do the three restaurants have in common?
A. They are all expensive. B. They are all horrible
C. They are all popular. D. They are all easy to reach.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三个世界上独特的餐厅。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Gajumaru Treehouse Diner, Japan部分的“The Gajumaru Treehouse Diner is a restaurant built in a big tree, 20 feet tall. (Gajumaru树屋餐厅是一家建在20英尺高的大树上的餐厅)”可知,Gajumaru树屋餐厅建在树上。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dinner in the sky, Belgium部分的“If you are rich enough to afford the prices, a crane (吊车) will lift you and other 21 customers and waiters into the sky-l50 feet above theground, where you can enjoy the high-end cuisine (烹饪) for a couple of hours. (如果你足够富有,可以负担得起价格,起重机将把你和其他21名顾客和服务员送到离地面150英尺的高空,在那里你可以享受几个小时的高端美食)”可知,你和其他21名顾客可以同时就餐。由此可知,在比利时的这家空中移动餐厅里,总共能坐22人。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Ithaa Restaurant, the Maldives部分中的“Of course, having dinner here will cost you a lot, but it is definitely worth it.(当然,在这里吃晚餐会花很多钱,但绝对是值得的)”,Gajumaru Treehouse Diner, Japan部分的“The lights of the port in the evening make adinner at Gajumaru even more wonderful, so it is good value for the money.(晚上港口的灯光使Gajumaru的晚餐更加精彩,所以物有所值)”及Dinner in the sky, Belgium部分的“If you are rich enough to afford the prices (如果你足够富有,可以负担得起价格)”可推知,这三家餐厅都很贵。故选A。
B
More than 40 years ago, my seventh grade English teacher by telling us that we were absolutely not allowed to read “The Catcher the Rye” because we weren’t “ready” for it. So naturally we all went out and read it immediately.
I told this story to my son when he was a seventh grader. I meant it as a funny story, and I pointed out that it had taken me years to appreciate that teacher’s pedagogic strategy. But then my son read the book himself right away. The mere long-ago echoo (回音) of a possible ban was enough to breathe life to his reading.
Adults have been known to worry a great deal about the possible destructive influence of the publishing world on children. If you look at the list of “frequently challenged children’s books” maintained by the American Library Association Office of Intellectual Freedom, you will see a wide range of touchy topics.
Books can get challenged because they involve magic (Philip Pullman, J.K. Rowling), or because they offend (冒犯) religious sensibilities. “A Wrinkle in Time”, by Madeleine L’Engle, has been challenged as both overly and insufficiently religious. Some books are challenged because they describe children behaving, well, childishly. (Junie B. Jones, the heroine of a series of books by Barbara Park, gets in trouble for using words like “stupid”.) So adults worry that books may be bad for children’s morals and for their manners.
In fact, banned book lists can be a great resource for parents looking for books that teach kids about the world and themselves.
When your children read books that have been challenged or banned, you have a double opportunity as a parent: you can discuss the books themselves, and the information they provide, and you can also talk about why people might find them troubling.
4. What was the author’s teacher’s pedagogic strategy?
A. Listing banned books. B. Hiding banned books.
C. Arousing the students’curiosity. D. Telling some funny stories.nours.
5. Who probably wrote something challenging religion?
A. J.K. Rowling. B. Madeleine L’Engle.
C. Junie B.Jones. D. Barbara Park.
6. What does the author advise parents to do?
A. Involve themselves in reading.
B. Let children make their own choices.
C. Choose books for their children.
D. Observe their children’s behavior closely.
7. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Not All Challenged Books Are Bad
B. A Good Book Is a Light to the Soul
C. Parents Should Respect Children’s Choice
D. Banned or Not Banned-That Is the Question!
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章中作者通过自己40多年前阅读禁书的经历,提出了怎样引导孩子阅读禁书的建议。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“More than 40 years ago, my seventh grade English teacher by telling us that we were absolutely not allowed to read “The Catcher the Rye” because we weren’t “ready” for it. So naturally we all went out and read it immediately. (40多年前,我七年级的英语老师告诉我们,我们绝对不能读《麦田守望者》,因为我们还没有“准备好”。所以很自然地,我们都立刻跑出去读了它。)”可知明明老师说他们绝对不能读这本书,但是越是这样,学生们越觉得好奇,所以都跑出去买这本书来读了,故推知老师这样做是为了激发学生们的好奇心,达到了好的效果,故这是老师的教学策略;故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段““A Wrinkle in Time”, by Madeleine L’Engle, has been challenged as both overly and insufficiently religious. (Madeleine L’Engle的《时间的皱折》因过度虔诚和不够虔诚而受到质疑。)”可知是Madeleine L’Engle写的书冒犯了宗教的情感,即挑战了宗教;故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“When your children read books that have been challenged or banned, you have a double opportunity as a parent: you can discuss the books themselves, and the information they provide, and you can also talk about why people might find them troubling. (当你的孩子阅读受到质疑或被禁止的书籍时,作为家长,你有双重机会:你可以讨论这些书本身,以及它们提供的信息,你也可以谈论为什么人们会觉得它们很麻烦。)”可知提到让家长讨论这些书本身或它们所提供的信息,也可以谈论为什么人们会质疑或者其被禁止,前提是家长们自己必须先参与阅读这些书籍,才能谈论;故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章讲述了作者40多年前阅读禁书的经历,也列举了一些书被禁止和质疑的原因,然后提出禁书是一个很好的资源这样一个观点,也给出了引导孩子阅读禁书的建议,也就是说不能因为是禁书就绝对不能让孩子阅读,只要有好的引导就可以,即本文对禁与不禁的问题作了讨论;故选项D“Banned or Not Banned-That Is the Question! (禁止还是不禁止——这是个问题!)”适合作为本文标题;故选D项。
C
Two “stolen” notebooks written by Charles Darwin were anonymously(匿名地)returned to Cambridge University , nearly 22 years after they went mising.
The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a “gift” in early March.Someone left a pink gift bag near the building with a note: “Happy Easter, X. ” it read. In this case, “X” was in place of a person’s name. Inside the bag was the gift: teacher’s two small notebooks from the famous British naturalist Charles Darwin. He is credited with the theory of evolution which says living things change over large periods of time. One of the notebooks has a famous drawing in it called the “Tree of Life“. Darwin made the drawing in 1837.
The university talked about the incident on Tuesday. Cambridge believes the notebooks were taken 20 years ago. They were first thought to be missing inside the building after they were taken to be photographed. But, after searching through 10 million books, maps and documents, the university reported the notebooks stolen to police in 2020.
British investigators notified(通知) police around the world, and a searchng, well, began. The notebooks are valued at millions of dollars. They were returned ,however, in good condition. Darwin’s notebooks contained writings about his famous trip around the world on the ship H.M.S.Beagle. The research led to his book on evolution called On the Origin of Species.
Cambridge University Librarian Jessica Gardner said she was relieved to see thefor books notebooks. But she said her true feelings are profound and almost impossible to express with proper words. Gardner said the notebooks will go back into the Darwin Archive. The library is also home to the works by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newton. The notebooks will be on display later this year in a Darwin show at the library.
Local police said they are continuing to look into who may have taken the notebooks and asked for help from anyone who has information about the case.
8. What does the“X”in the note refer to?
A. The name of the bag.
B. The name of one notebook.
C. The address of the thief.
D. The person who returned the notebooks.
9 Why didn’t Cambridge report the incident immediately?
A. They took it for granted.
B. They didn’t realize the loss.
C. They ignored the notebooks.
D. They didn’t trust the police.
10. What did the two notebooks mainly contain?
A. Most chapters of On the Origin of Species.
B. The structure of the ship H.M.S.Beagle.
C. Darwin’s experiences around the world.
D. Darwin’s comments on his own reading.
11. What will be done with the two notebooks?
A. They wil be shown to public.
B. They will be repaired.
C. They will be copied.
D. They will be handed to the police.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了查尔斯·达尔文的两本“被盗”笔记本在失踪近22年后被匿名归还剑桥大学。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Someone left a pink gift bag near the building with a note: “Happy Easter, X. ” it read. In this case, “X” was in place of a person’s name.(有人在大楼附近留下了一个粉红色的礼物袋,上面写着:“复活节快乐,X。”在这个盒子上,“X”代替了一个人的名字)”可知,“X”指的是还笔记本的人。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“They were first thought to be missing inside the building after they were taken to be photographed. But, after searching through 10 million books, maps and documents, the university reported the notebooks stolen to police in 2020.(在他们被拍照后,人们第一次以为他们在大楼里失踪了。但是,在搜索了1000万本书、地图和文件后,该大学于2020年向警方报告了笔记本被盗)”可推知,他们没有意识到笔记本被偷了,想当然的以为只是落在大楼里了,所以剑桥大学没有立即报告这一事件。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Darwin’s notebooks contained writings about his famous trip around the world on the ship H.M.S.Beagle.(达尔文的笔记本里记录了他乘坐英国皇家海军贝格尔号著名的环球旅行)”可知,这两本笔记本主要内容是达尔文在世界各地的经历。故选C项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The notebooks will be on display later this year in a Darwin show at the library.(这些笔记本将在今年晚些时候在图书馆的达尔文展上展出)”可知,两本笔记本将被展示给公众。故选A项。
D
Natural Disasters Require Special Building Design
Natural disasters happen everywhere in the world. Many cause property damage and loss of life. But researchers say the severity (严重性) of their effects can be reduced if people take steps to prepare.
A new exhibit teaches what governments and individuals can do to lessen the effects. Chrysanthe Broikos organized the exhibit at the National Building Museum. She says large buildings and other structures can survive strong earthquakes if they are built with some level of flexibility. In other words, they need to be able to bend and move as the earth shakes.
“We need to let buildings move and we can actually understand where they might fail, and then go in and design buildings with that in mind.”
One building design is called a “special moment frame”. It enables movement at points where large load-bearing supports join each other. Rubber-based foundation blocks let buildings move, while huge shock absorbers (缓冲器) help to limit the shaking.
The museum exhibit has a model of a wind wall. The model shows how some roofs or tops of buildings are more likely to be destroyed than others because of the strong winds of hurricanes. Chrysanthe Broikos says tests show that a reasonable angled roof is best able to withstand wind storms. In areas with powerful winds, researchers have strongly urged the creation of at least one “safe room”. This is a place where building occupants can spend the most dangerous part of the storm.
Another concern is how to deal with storms and flooding. Some coastal communities in the U.S. have made artificial reefs from oysters (牡蛎) shells instead of rocks. The builders use shells collected from restaurants to create the barriers. Chrysanthe Broikos also suggests setting aside land along the coast for parks instead of housing. She says this is more natural and keeps valuable property away from danger.
As for forest fires, researchers now suggest clearing an area about 60 meters wide around a single-family house.
“What that means is trying to keep that area free of material that easily burns.”
12. What does Chrysanthe Broikos think about the buildings that can survive strong earthquakes?
A. They should be fixed enough. B. Their height needs to be reasonable.
C. Their location is the most important. D. They are mobile and bendable.
13. What does the underlined word “that” in the third paragraph refer ?
A. Lessening the effects. B. Where they might fail.
C. Designing buildings. D. Special moment frame.
14. Which of the following belongs to the measures to deal with storms and flooding ?
A. Don’t build houses along the coast.
B. Set aside land for parking cars.
C. Make artificial reefs from rocks.
D. Raise oysters in large number.
15. What is the passage mainly about ?
A. Different types of natural disasters.
B. Preparations for natural disasters.
C. Reactions to natural disasters.
D. Effects of natural disasters.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了如果人们做好准备,可以降低自然灾害影响的严重程度。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“She says large buildings and other structures can survive strong earthquakes if theyare built with some level of flexibility. In other words, they need to be able to bendand move as the earth shakes.(她说,大型建筑和其他结构如果在建造时具有一定程度的灵活性,就可以在强震中幸存下来。换句话说,它们需要能够在地震时弯曲和移动)”可知,Chrysanthe Broikos认为可移动和可弯曲的建筑能在强震中幸存下来。故选D项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。分析划线单词,可知是代词,代指前文提到的人或事,根据第三段“We need to let buildings move and we can actually understand where they might fail, and then go in and design buildings with that in mind.(我们需要让建筑移动,这样我们才能真正了解它们可能会在哪里倒塌,然后在设计建筑时考虑到这一点)”可知,that代指的是“它们可能会在哪里倒塌”。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Another concern is how to deal with storms and flooding. Some coastal communities in the U.S. have made artificial reefs from oysters shells instead of rocks. The builders use shells collected from restaurants to create the barriers. Chrysanthe Broikos also suggests setting aside land along the coast for parks instead of housing.(另一个问题是如何应对风暴和洪水。美国的一些沿海社区用牡蛎壳代替岩石制作了人工珊瑚礁。建造者使用从餐馆收集的贝壳来建造屏障。Chrysanthe Broikos还建议将沿海的土地留作公园而不是住宅)”可知,Chrysanthe Broikos建议不要沿着海岸建房子。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Natural disasters happen everywhere in the world. Many cause property damage and loss of life. But researchers say the severity of their effects can be reduced if people take steps to prepare.(自然灾害发生在世界各地。许多事故造成财产损失和生命损失。但研究人员表示,如果人们做好准备,其影响的严重程度可以降低)”可知,这篇文章主要讲的是为自然灾害作准备。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Don’t Ruin Healthy Eating When You Travel
I’ve noticed that, as people become more conscious of how food affects their health, leaving home can sometimes present challenges for those who want to keep eating well. Here are some simple ways to eat adventurously and well while you’re enjoying the best moments of your trip:
Plan ahead. Often when we’re traveling, we’re out of our routine and aren’t eating at regular intervals. ____16____Contrary to the popular myth that you should hold off eating to save room for a big meal, going for long stretches without eating actually causes your body to become tired and hang on to calories. Pack snacks for easy access: nuts, seeds, hard-boiled eggs, firm fruits.
Don’t forget the grocery store. A supermarket, especially a local one, can be your best place to get something to eat while traveling. ____17____You’ll find a wider variety of great foods that are free of fat, dairy, and other common allergense (过敏素) at a reasonable cost.
Drink more water than you normally do. ____18____Walking around all day expends energy and dehydrates (脱水) your body. Often people drink alcohol or sodas with meals, and these are also dehydrating. Drinking more than your usual eight glasses of water a day will keep you energized, hydrate your cells and keep your skin glowing.
Drink less alcohol than everyone around you is drinking. This can be challenging, especially on business trips, where drinking is a familiar pastime. ____19____
____20____Let yourself have treats, and enjoy them- just keep it to once a day. Get that good piece of chocolate cake. Have an extra helping of steak fries. Order the thing with butter, and love every single bite. Then be done with the less-than-healthy food, and remember that you always have another day for that one little indulgence (放纵).
A. Just enjoy the treats that you like.
B. Try the“one-and-done” rule.
C. Planes and hotel rooms are generally dry.
D. Sometimes we can go several hours without eating anything.
E. However, drinking too much can lead to more unhealthy eating.
F. You’ll have easy, cheap access to fresh produce and healthy snacks.
G. Planning ahead of time allows you to control what goes into your body.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了怎样在旅游的时候吃的也健康的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“Often when we’re traveling, we’re out of our routine and aren’t eating at regular intervals. (当我们旅行时,我们经常会打乱常规,不定期进食。)”可知上文在讲述旅行时会打乱常规,饮食不规律;下文“Contrary to the popular myth that you should hold off eating to save room for a big meal, going for long stretches without eating actually causes your body to become tired and hang on to calories. (与流行的说法相反,你应该推迟吃东西来为一顿大餐留出空间,长时间不吃东西实际上会使你的身体变得疲劳,并持续保持热量。)”可知在讲述饮食不规律的危害;选项D“Sometimes we can go several hours without eating anything. (有时我们可以几个小时不吃东西)”可知这也是在讲述饮食不规律的现象,承接了上文,引出了下文对于饮食不规律危害的描述,故选项D符合题意;故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“A supermarket, especially a local one, can be your best place to get something to eat while traveling. (超市,尤其是当地的超市,是你旅行时吃东西的最佳去处。)”可知讲述了当地超市是旅行时买食物的最佳去处;下文“You’ll find a wider variety of great foods that are free of fat, dairy, and other common allergense (过敏素) at a reasonable cost. (你会发现各种各样的好食物,不含脂肪、奶制品和其他常见的过敏素,而且价格合理。)”可知列举了可供选择的价格合理一些食物;选项F“You’ll have easy, cheap access to fresh produce and healthy snacks. (你可以方便、便宜地买到新鲜的农产品和健康的零食)”可知在讲述能方便、便宜地买到好的食品,承接了上文所述的当地超市是旅行时买东西吃的最佳去处,表明了当地超市的方便性和价格的合理性,同时引出下文对于具体食品类型的列举,故选项F符合题意;故选F项。
【18题详解】
上文“Drink more water than you normally do. (比平时多喝水。)”可知在讲述要比平时多喝水;下文“Walking around all day expends energy and dehydrates (脱水) your body. (整天走动会消耗能量,让你的身体脱水。)”可知在讲述需要多喝水的原因;选项C“Planes and hotel rooms are generally dry. (飞机和酒店房间通常是干燥的。)”可知也是在讲述旅行时要比平时多喝水的原因,这与下文同样是对于上文所提的结论的解释,故选项C符合题意;故选C项。
【19题详解】
本段标题“Drink less alcohol than everyone around you is drinking. (喝的酒要比你周围的人喝的少。)”可知本段主要讲的就是要少喝酒;上文“This can be challenging, especially on business trips, where drinking is a familiar pastime. (这可能很有挑战性,尤其是在商务旅行中,喝酒是一种常见的消遣方式。)”可知在讲述少喝酒恐怕很有挑战性;选项E“However, drinking too much can lead to more unhealthy eating. (然而,喝太多会导致更多不健康的饮食。)”可知在讲述喝太多酒的坏处,与本段主旨相符,与上文构成转折关系,强调喝太多酒的坏处,故选项E符合题意;故选E项。
【20题详解】
下文“Let yourself have treats, and enjoy them- just keep it to once a day. Get that good piece of chocolate cake. Have an extra helping of steak fries. Order the thing with butter, and love every single bite. Then be done with the less-than-healthy food, and remember that you always have another day for that one little indulgence (放纵). (让自己吃点东西,好好享受它们——每天只吃一次。拿那块好巧克力蛋糕。再来一份牛排薯条。要一点带黄油的菜,每一口都很美味。那就别再吃那些不健康的食物了,记住你总有一天可以放纵一下自己)”可知本段主要讲述了可以吃自己喜欢的东西,但是每天只能吃一次;选项B“Try the“one-and-done” rule. (尝试做一次)”表述与本段主旨相符,强调可以吃,但是每天只能吃一次,可以作为本段标题;故选B项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
“Hands on home keys. Eyes on book. Ready. Type.” It was1980. I was a 14-year-old high school freshman and I was ____21____ to type a letter on an electricty pewriter without looking at the keys. I had decided to take the class early to ____22____ taking a foreign language. I had enough trouble with English and learning French or Spanish seemed a lot ____23____ than learning to type. I was regretting my decision, though, as I had trouble touch-typing without looking at the ____24____. I didn’t really see myself ever using a ____25____ again after the term was over.
Fast forward 20 years. My wife and I bought our first computer. I had been writing my stories ____26____ for a long time but ____27____ I would try to type one out instead. ____28____, my hands went automatically to the home keys and I began to write. Soon I was not only writing stories on my computer but ____29____ them out on the Internet as well. Now I am able to _____30_____ thousands of readers all over the world. It is such a(n) _____31_____.
Now here is the question. What part of me knew all of those years ago that one day I would _____32_____ to know how to type? I had no _____33_____ to be a writer at that time. Yet, somehow a part of my soul decided that I should take that typing class and learn a skill that I would need 20 years later.
Life is a long journey _____34_____ of loving, learning, and helping. You never know what you will need along the way either. Use every _____35_____ to make this world a better and more beautiful place. Use every choice to type out a life of love here.
21. A. pretending B. struggling C. intending D. waiting
22. A. give rise to B. cry out for C. run out of D. get out of
23 A. easier B. scarier C. securer D. more useful
24. A. keys B. books C. desks D. fingers
25. A. typewriter B. foreign language C. skill D. habit
26. A. at times B. at large C. by hand D. by accident
27. A. promised B. expected C. decided D. wondered
28. A. Suddenly B. Gently C. Unbearably D. Amazingly
29. A. writing B. sending C. extending D. revealing
30. A. touch B. interview C. inform D. click
31. A. return B. award C. blessing D. necessity
32. A. seek B. agree C. offer D. need
33. A. possibility B. sign C. requirement D. desire
34. A. sure B. full C. proud D. fond
35. A. talent B. achievement C. contribution D. knowledge
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为不想学习外语,而选择上打印课,虽然学完后就没有用过,但几十年后却用到了打字,并且颇有收获。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:那是1980年。当时我是一个14岁的高一新生,我正在努力不看键盘用电动打字机打一封信。A. pretending假装;B. struggling努力;C. intending打算;D. waiting等待。由本段倒数第二句“I was regretting my decision, though, as I had trouble touch-typing without looking at the ____4____.”可知作者说他后悔这决定,推知学习打字的过程并不轻松,故推知本处讲的是作者正努力不看键盘用打字机打印一封信;故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:我决定早点上这门课,这样就不用学外语了。A. give rise to 引起;B. cry out for迫切需要;C. run out of用尽;D. get out of逃避。由下句“I had enough trouble with English and learning French or Spanish seemed a lot ____3____ than learning to type.”可知作者说自己在学习英语方面有麻烦,故推知作者是想早点上打字课来逃避学习外语课了,这样学分就够了;故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我学英语已经够麻烦的了,学法语或西班牙语似乎比学打字要可怕得多。A. easier更容易的;B. scarier更害怕的;C. securer更安全的;D. more useful更有用的。因为作者为了能不学习外语而选择打字课,而且说自己在学英语方面已经够麻烦的了,即作者的外语学习能力不行,故推知本处“I had enough trouble with English and learning French or Spanish seemed a lot ____3____ than learning to type.”表述的是学习法语或者西班牙语比学习打字更可怕;故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:不过,我很后悔自己的决定,因为如果不看键盘,我就很难用触摸打字。A. keys键盘;B. books书本;C. desks桌子;D. fingers手指。由前文“It was1980. I was a 14-year-old high school freshman and I was ____1____ to type a letter on an electricty pewriter without looking at the keys.”可知作者在学习不看键盘的情况下用打字机打印,故推知空处表示“键盘”;故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个学期结束后,我真的看不到自己使用打字机了。A. typewriter打字机;B. foreign language外语;C. skill技能;D. habit习惯。因为本段讲述的是作者只是为了逃避学习外语而选择打字课程的,从而使用打字机,故推知这学期课程结束后应该是看不到自己使用了;而文章第二段“Fast forward 20 years. My wife and I bought our first computer. I had been writing my stories ____6____ for a long time but ____7____ I would try to type one out instead.”可知是20年后,作者的妻子买了电脑,作者才想尝试打字,故推知作者在20年前学习打字课程后就再也用不着打字机了;故空处表示“打字机”;故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意:很长一段时间以来,我一直在手写我的故事,但我决定试着用打字来代替。A. at times有时;B. at large详细地;C. by hand用手;D. by accident偶然。分析本句“I had been writing my stories ____6____ for a long time but ____7____ I would try to type one out instead.”可知提到作者写自己的故事,又提到尝试用打印来代替,故推知之前作者是用手写的;故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:很长一段时间以来,我一直在手写我的故事,但我决定试着用打字来代替。A. promised保证;B. expected期盼;C. decided决定;D. wondered想知道。因为作者妻子才把电脑买回来,作者就可以选择是手写还是打字,故推知本处表述的是作者自己决定用打字来代替手写;故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:令人惊讶的是,我的手自动地按到了主页键,开始写了起来。A. Suddenly突然;B. Gently温和地;C. Unbearably难以忍受的;D. Amazingly令人吃惊地。因为作者刚决定用打字来代替手写,但是毕竟过了20多年了,常识来说,应该是很生疏了,但是作者自动地按到了主页键,并直接开始写起来,而并没有经过一段时间的摸索,所以这是令人惊讶的事情;故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:很快,我不仅在电脑上写故事,还把它们发到了互联网上。A. writing写;B. sending发送;C. extending 扩展;D. revealing揭露。由下句“Now I am able to ____10____ thousands of readers all over the world.”可知提到在全世界有很多读者,故推知本处表述的是不仅仅能在电脑上面写故事,还能把它们发送到互联网上,这样才能让世界上的很多读者阅读到,故推知空处表示“发送”;故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:现在我可以接触到世界各地成千上万的读者。A. touch接触;B. interview采访;C. inform通知;D. click点击。分析本句“Now I am able to ____10____ thousands of readers all over the world.”可知提到在全世界有很多读者,而作者是在互联网上面写故事,所以世界上很多人都能看到他的故事,故推知本处表述的是作者现在能接触到世界各地成千上万的读者;故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这真是一种福气。A. return回来;B. award奖品;C. blessing赐福;福气;D. necessity必需品。因为作者原本一直是用手写故事,更耗费人力的同时,不能像在电脑上写故事那样,还能发送出去,让世界上很多读者看到,让他能够接触到世界上成千上万的读者,所以相比以前,作者觉得这是一种福气;故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:多年前,我哪里知道有一天我需要知道如何打字?A. seek寻求;B. agree同意;C. offer提供;D. need需要。因为作者是写故事的,通过打字在网上写作,不仅仅能省去时间,而且让他能发送到世界各地,让他与世界上成千上万的读者能够接触到,所以在现代他这个职业是需要知道如何打字的,故推知空处表示“需要”;故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:那时我没有当作家的愿望。A. possibility可能性;B. sign标志;C. requirement要求;D. desire愿望。由下句“Yet, somehow a part of my soul decided that I should take that typing class and learn a skill that I would need 20 years later.”可知作者说当时自己灵魂的一部分决定他应该去上打字课,学习一项20年后他还需要的技能,当时作者其实是不需要打字的,故推知作者那时候并没有当作家的愿望,要不然不会说不知怎么的和他的灵魂决定他去学习打字;故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意:人生是一段充满爱、学习和帮助的漫长旅程。考查形容词词义辨析。A. sure确信的;B. full充满的;C. proud骄傲的;D. fond喜欢的。分析本句“Life is a long journey ____14____ of loving, learning, and helping.”可知提到生命是一个漫长的旅程,而爱、学习和帮助是我们在人生中都会经历的情感和事物,故推知本处表述的是人生是一段充满爱、学习和帮助的漫长旅程,full of 译为“充满……”符合题意;故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:用尽一切才能,让这个世界变得更美好。A. talent才能;B. achievement成就;C. contribution贡献;D. knowledge知识。由下句“Use every choice to type out a life of love here.”可知提到用每一个选择在这里打出爱的生活,而本文讲述的就是作者当初随意选择上打印课,却没想到最后发挥这么大作用,因为作者是有写作才能的,现在的他正是利用自己的才能和当初的一个选择来给千千万万的读者谱写好的故事,故推知本处是说利用自己的一切才能来让这个世界变得美好,故推知空处表示“才能”;故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Comfort food refers to any food that makes us feel better. There is a particular type of comfort food ____36____ power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. It often ____37____ (make)up for bad feelings by helping us recall happy, memories of the people, things or places we love. Our comfort foods are ____38____ (high) individual. They vary ____39____ person to person, depending on our own unique experiences that have shaped our lives. If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend to ____40____ (link) with positive emotions. When we eat it again, we unlock memories of a time when we were loved and looked after, and this cheers us up.
The feeling of happiness and sense of ____41____ (belong) can become particularly important for people who move away from their home country. People will lose some aspects of culture right away, ____42____ with food, there are more opportunities to connect to memory, family and place. It is hardest ____43____ (give) up the food that you grow up with. Of course, each ____44____ (person) comfort food largely depends on where they come from. As food for the soul, comfort food tastes good and always makes us feel good by building an _____45_____ (emotion) bond with our happy memories.
【答案】36. whose
37. makes 38. highly
39. from 40. be linked
41 belonging
42. but 43. to give
44. personal
45. emotional
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一种特殊类型的治愈系食物:一个人从小到大所吃的食物,其力量主要在于它唤起人们的联想。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句引导词。句意:有一种特殊类型的治愈系食物,其力量主要在于它唤起人们的联想。空处缺少定语从句引导词,先行词是comfort food,与power之间为所属关系,应用关系代词whose引导定语从句,故填whose。
【37题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意:它常常通过帮助我们回忆我们所爱的人、事或地方的快乐回忆来弥补不好的感觉。本句陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。主语it代指前面的a particular type of comfort food与动词短语make up for “弥补”之间为主动关系,make应用第三人称单数形式,故填makes。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意:我们的治愈系食物是高度个性化的。此处应使用副词highly修饰形容词individual意为“高度地”。同时high本身也可用作副词,表示具体的高度,不符合此处意义,故填highly。
【39题详解】
考查介词以及固定搭配。句意:它们因人而异,取决于我们自己塑造了我们生活的独特经历。vary from person to person表示“因人而异”,故填from。
【40题详解】
考查被动语态。如果我们在家庭中吃某些食物长大,那么这些食物往往与积极的情绪联系在一起。tend to do sth结构,表示“往往会做某事”,空前to为动词不定式。link“联系”是及物动词,these food与link之间为被动关系,应用不定式的被动式to be linked with,故填be linked。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意:对于移居国外的人来说,幸福感和归属感可能变得尤为重要。此处作介词of的宾语,应用名词belonging,a sense of belonging表示“归属感”。故填belonging。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意:人们会马上失去文化的某些方面,但有了食物,就有更多的机会与记忆、家庭和地方联系起来。设空前后为转折关系,应用but连接,故填but。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意:放弃你成长中的食物是最难的。分析句子可知,it作形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式短语,故填to give。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意:当然,每一种个人治愈系食物在很大程度上取决于它们来自哪里。此处修饰名词comfort food应用形容词personal“个人的”。故填personal。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意:作为心灵的食物,舒适的食物味道很好,通过与我们的快乐记忆建立情感纽带,总是让我们感觉很好。此处修饰名词bond应用形容词emotional“情感的”,作定语,故填emotional。
第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华,你的美国朋友Peter要你和他分享你最喜欢的美食。请你给Peter回信,内容包括:
1.你第一次尝试你最喜欢的美食的感觉;
2.你最喜欢的美食的特点;
3.你为什么喜欢它。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
Glad to hear from you. In your letter, you asked me to share my favorite food with you. Now I am writing something about it.
My favorite food is Xiaolongbao. When I tried Xiaolongbao for the first time, I couldn’t help liking it. It has a unique taste and bright color. The fresh filling is tightly wrapped in a thin crust. Besides, it smells so good. Smell it before you taste it. Umami melts into your mouth, leaving you with an endless aftertaste. I like Xiaolongbao and I like its unique taste.
I hope you can share your favorite food with me in your next letter.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文,假如你是李华,你的美国朋友Peter要你和他分享你最喜欢的美食,请你给Peter回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
独特的:unique→characteristic
禁不住做:couldn’t help doing→couldn’t resist doing
无穷的:endless→inexhaustible
此外:Besides =In addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:Umami melts into your mouth, leaving you with an endless aftertaste.
拓展句:Umami melts into your mouth, which leaves you with an endless aftertaste.
【点睛】[高分句型1] When I tried Xiaolongbao for the first time, I couldn’t help liking it. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Umami melts into your mouth, leaving you with an endless aftertaste. (运用了现在分词作状语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The school day rolled slowly away. The moment the bell indicating the ending of the class rang, the students streamed out of the classroom, among whom was Andy. A few moments later, Andy was on his bike, riding on his way home and day-dreaming about the fishing trip that his father had promised him. He was so glued to dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him.
He rode along until a strange sound drew him to the present. He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the heavens. What he saw shocked and terrified him. A huge flood of bees filled the sky like a black cloud and the buzzing mass seemed to be heading angrily towards him.
With no time to waste, Andy sped off in the opposite direction, riding as fast as he could -but without knowing how to escape the swarm. With a rapidly beating heart and his legs shaking, he sped down the rough road. As the bees came closer, his panic increased. Andy knew that he was sensitive to bee stings (蛰). The last sting had landed him in hospital-and that was only one bee sting! He had been forced to stay in bed for two whole days. Suddenly, his father’s words came to him. “When you are in a tight situation, keep your head and think your way out of it.”
On a nearby hill, he could see smoke waving slowly skywards from the chimney of the Nelson family home. “Bees don’t like smoke,” he thought. “They couldn’t get into the house.” Andy raced towards the Nelson’s house, but the bees were approaching. Andy knew he could not reach the house in time. He estimated that the bees would catch up with him soon.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, out of the corner of his eyes, Andy saw a small pool used by Mr. Nelson to water his vegetable garden.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In a short while, Andy’s mother showed up.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Suddenly, out of the corner of his eyes, Andy saw a small pool used by Mr. Nelson to water his vegetable garden. An idea sprang to mind. Off his bike and into the cool water he dived, disappearing below the surface and away from the insects. After holding his breath for as long as he could, Andy came up for air and noticed the bees had gone. Dragging himself out of the pool, he struggled up the hilly slope and rang the doorbell. Mrs. Nelson took him inside, asked him to take off his wet clothes and wrapped him in a blanket. When Andy came back to his sense, Mrs. Nelson rang his mother.
In a short while, Andy’s mother showed up. At the sight of his mother, Andy was possessed with comfort, and tears streamed down his cheeks. “You’ll really need that fishing break to help you recover, ” comforted his mother with relief, adding “thank goodness you didn’t panic!” Having thanked Mrs. Nelson, they went home. On the way, his mother praised him again, but Andy did not hear her. He was dreaming once again of the fish he would catch tomorrow.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Andy放学途中遇到了一群追着他跑的蜜蜂,因为蜜蜂的速度很快,他很难摆脱掉,所以他屏住呼吸钻进菜地的小水池里面,最终他成功逃离了蜂群。
【详解】1.段落续写:
①.由第一段首句内容“突然,Andy用眼角的余光看到了Nelson先生用来浇灌菜园的一个小水池。”可知,第一段可描写Andy钻进小水池摆脱了蜂群的整个过程。
②.由第二段首句内容“不一会儿,Andy的妈妈出现了。”可知,第二段可描写他母亲到来时的场景和对他的安慰。
2.续写线索:钻进小水池——上来换气发现蜂群不见了——从水池爬上来——来到Nelson先生的家——母亲来了——安慰
3词汇激活
行为类
①.脱掉:take off /slip off
②.出现:show up/appear
③.安慰:comfort/console
情绪类
①.慌张:panic/get flustered
②.流下眼泪:tears stream down/tears flow down
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When Andy came back to his sense, Mrs. Nelson rang his mother.(运用了时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]. Having thanked Mrs. Nelson, they went home.(运用了现在分词作状语)
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