2023北京通州区高一上学期期中英语试题含解析

通州区2022—2023学年第一学期高一年级期中质量检测

英语试卷

第一部分：知识运用(共三节，40分)

第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village. She attended primary school till 4th grade at her village. For the 5th grade onwards, she would have to get an admission(入学) in a school at a city nearby. She got very ____1____ knowing that she was accepted in a famous school in the city. Today was the first day of her school and she was waiting for her school bus. Once the bus came, she got in it ____2____. She was very excited.

When the bus reached her school, all students started going to their classes. Anna also made it to her classroom. Upon seeing her ____3____ clothing and knowing she was from a small village, other students started making fun of her. The teacher soon arrived. She ____4____ Anna to the class and told them that she would be studying with them from today.

Then she told everyone to write down the Seven Wonders of the world. Everyone started writing the answer quickly. But Anna started to write the answer____5____.

When everyone except Anna had presented their answer paper, the teacher asked Anna, “What happened, dear? Don’t ____6____. Just write what you know as other students have learned about it just a few days back. ”

Anna replied, “There are many things. Which seven can I pick to write?” And then she handed her answer paper to the teacher. The teacher started reading everyone’s answers and the majority had answered them ____7____ such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon etc.

The teacher was happy as students had ____8____ what she had taught them. At last the teacher paper started reading Anna’s answer paper. “The Seven Wonders are—To be able to See, To be able to Hear, To be able to Feel, To Laugh, To Think, To be Kind, To Love!”

The teacher stood ____9____ and the whole class was speechless. Today, a girl from a small village reminded us about the gifts we have, which are truly a ____10____. So value what we have and use what we have.

1. A. anxious B. happy C. afraid D. calm

2. A. quickly B. easily C. lazily D. patiently

3. A. simple B. clean C. lovely D. expensive

4. A. pushed B. followed C. turned D. introduced

5. A. slowly B. actively C. cheerfully D. politely

6. A. cry B. forget C. write D. worry

7. A. neatly B. correctly C. briefly D. proudly

8. A. shared B. expanded C. missed D. remembered

9. A. satisfied B. disappointed C. shocked D. frightened

10. A. talent B. reward C. wonder D. challenge

第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. I’m a bit worried about___11___(keep) up with the other students in my advanced course, and it’ll be quite difficult____12____(get) used to all the homework. Still, I’m happy to be here. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well____13____(prepare) for university or whatever else comes in the future.

B

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Come and see the Terracotta Army: more than 8,000 statues____14____(make) in the third century BCE to guard the tomb of the Chinese Emperor Qingshihuang! Each statue____15____(have) a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb,____16____still has not been completely unearthed. More than 700,000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. However, no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some____17____(farmer) discovered the tomb while they were digging a well!

C

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As a player, Lang Ping____18____(bring) honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping____19____(build) was falling apart. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players was a big challenge,____20____Lang Ping did not lose heart.

第三节从方框中选择合适的词语并用其适当的形式完成下列句子。(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)

根据句意，选择单词或短语或并以其适当形式填空。

21. Betty did not_______at all when she first came to the senior high school.

22. Han Jing always_______each experiment in chemistry class because he loves this subject very much.

23. Next weekend, we are going to have a camp tour. I’m quite_______it.

24. Everyone will meet with some difficulties in their studies, but never_______!

25. Adam’s adviser_______that he should sign up for advanced literature.

26. Spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to_______other things in life.

27. If you want to travel abroad, remember to_______a visa first.

28. This four-day walking tour will take you on_______paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu.

29. I started thinking about fitness_______weight, things began to change.

30. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums,_______the architecture, enjoy the excellent food, and go shopping at the local markets.

第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，32分)

第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

What it does

The self-cleaning door handle is combining with advanced photocatalytic(光催化) and blacklight technology. A light source activates the door’s handle coating, telling it to start cleaning. It can reduce the risk of infection by contact and improve the cleanliness of a space.

How it works

The working principle of the product is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coating can effectively remove bacteria(细菌) on the surface of a substance.A consistent UV light source inside a transparent glass door handle is required to activate the door’s handle coating on the outer surface for disinfection so a generator is used to provide electricity to light up a UV LED lamp by the motion of an opening and closing door. Then, the door handle can clean by itself.

Design process

We made the first version by using stainless steel(不锈钢).However, it caused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum (铝), which made it light and easy to fix. We also improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a light source.

How it is different

Our innovative(革新的) design is simple,effective,and attracive. It has an elegant smooth shape, and its minimalist appearance stands out in today’s world of inventions. Nowadays, people use chemical cleaning materials to clean up public areas but it harms the human body. Our design can be used for a long time and is effective. It can self-clean after each use. In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar products.

Future plans

In the future, we will commercialize the product and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products. We are going to connect with public properties, for example, shopping malls, hotels, hospitals and public restrooms, where the risk of spreading infection is higher.

31. How does the self-cleaning door handle function?

A. It controls the door movement automatically.

B It minimizes the risk of infection by less contact.

C Chemical cleaning materials are used to clean it up.

D. The light source tells the door handle coating to clean itself.

32. Compared with the first version of the product, the present one is       .

A. safer and cheaper B. cleaner and easier

C. less heavy and more effective D. more attractive and expensive

33. What do we know about the new invention according to the passage?

A. It has been widely used in public areas.

B. It is quite competitive among similar products.

C. It has received positive comments for its innovation.

D. It will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials.

34. According to the passage, what will they do with the product?

A. They will develop the product.

B. They will put the product on the market.

C. They will send the product to some public places.

D. They will carry the product to the places with higher risk of spreading infection.

B

When I was in my first year of high school, I had a terrible time when every area of my life was a disaster. I felt so hopeless and alone that I thought everything was impossible.

On one such day, I was walking from class across the school to catch the school bus home, with my head down, fighting tears of total hopelessness, when a young man came down the sidewalk toward me. Though I had never seen him before, I did not want him to see that I was in such low spirits, so I turned my head away and hoped to hurry past. I thought he'd walk on by, but he moved until he was directly in front of me, waited until I looked up, and then smiled.

Looking into my eyes, this stranger spoke in a quiet voice: “Whatever is wrong will pass. You're going to be OK, just hang on.” He then smiled again and walked away.

I can't explain the effect of that man's unexpected kindness and caring! He gave me the one thing that I'd lost completely—hope. I looked for him in our school to thank him, but never saw him again.

That was thirty years ago. And I've never forgotten that moment. Over the years, whenever I see someone who is in trouble, I will always think of that young man and try to give a flash of hope in the dark wherever I can. I carry things for people when they are too heavy for them, sit with naughty babies in the waiting room while their mothers are busy, or talk to tired couples at the checkout line or it could be anything. If you keep your head up, your heart will show you the place that needs hope.

35. Where did the writer meet with the young man?

A. In the school. B. In the school bus.

C. In the classroom. D. In the library.

36. From the passage, we may infer that the author ________.

A. had known the young man for a long time

B. made friends with the young man afterwards

C. was grateful to that young man very much

D. avoided meeting the young man since then

37. It can be known from the passage that ________.

A. the young man always tried his best to help those who were in trouble

B. it was the young man's smile and words that made the author feel hopeful

C. the author had never been praised by others before he met with the young man

D. the author traveled to a lot of places to look for the young man but failed

C

It probably won’t surprise you that teens are texting (发短信) more than ever before. Experts show great concern for teens’ texting. Students might not learn correct grammar and spelling if they write a lot of text messages. Also all that texting takes away hours that could be spent studying, exercising, pursuing hobbies, or talking with others face to face. Some kids even sleep with their phones beneath their pillows and wake up several times during the night to text.

Dr. Elizabeth Dowdell points out teens need to learn that they can—and should—tun off their phones sometimes. She and her team had two teenagers Kenny and Franchesca, carry out an experiment. They should obey the rules: No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either, unless it was for schoolwork. Would these be able to do it?

“I think I’m going to feel really alone,” Kenny worried. Franchesca was nervous but brave. “I’m excited for the challenge,” she said. “I don’t know what’s going to happen.” They handed their phones to their mothers for safekeeping. The challenge was on.

The team caught up with Kenny and Franchesca after 48 phone-free hours.“Wow, it was pure suffering,” Kenny joked. “Though life with no phone wasn’t easy,” he admitted, “it had benefits. I felt less stressed because I didn’t have to be involved.” Sure, Kenny missed his friends, and he was sad at times. But he also felt relief from the constant texting. Instead of texting, Kenny went to the gym (健身房) and caught up on schoolwork. He said that the first night he slept for 10 hours. He also spent time sitting with his family and talking. “I felt closer to my parents,” said Kenny.

Franchesca had an even happier result when she put away her phone. “I loved it!” she said. “I was going to the gym and hanging out with friends and playing basketball. I had a wonderful experience.” She slept better too, and she decided to continue the experiment for a while. “I think I’ll be so much smarter and healthier,” she explained. “Everybody in the world should try it.”

Kenny doesn’t plan to give up his phone again. But he now knows that he can live without it. “It was a reality check,” said the teen.

38 Experts are concerned about teens’ texting because it         .

A. leads to learning disabilities

B. takes up their learning time

C. develops the habit of staying up late

D. causes misunderstandings with each other

39. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Teens will live a healthier life without phones.

B. Expecting teens to live without phones is not realistic.

C. Experimenting with phone use is popular among teens.

D. Teens don’t realize how different their lives are without phones.

40. What influence did the 48-hour challenge have on both Kenny and Franchesca?

A. Both teens went to gym to do exercises.

B. Both teens felt they were closer to their parents.

C. Both teens have planned to give up their cellphones.

D. Both teens had more time spent on their schoolwork.

41. This passage mainly talks about       .

A. giving up texting

B. rules for using phones

C. two days with no phones

D. problems caused by texting

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the World Health Organization (WHO) has offered basic protective measures to the public against the virus.

1. Wash hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol-based wipe if your hands are not visibly dirty.____42____

2. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing and sneezing.____43____. Throw the tissue immediately into a closed bin and clean hands with an alcohol-based wipe or soap and water.

3. Keep a distance of at least one meter between yourself and other people, particularly those who are coughing, sneezing and having a fever, because coughs or sneezes of people who are infected with respiratory(呼吸的) disease project(喷射) small drops containing the virus.____44____.

4. Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth with your contaminated(受污染的) hands, you can transfer the virus from the surface to yourself.

5. Tell your health care provider if you have traveled in an area where the epidemic (流行病) has been reported,or if you have been in close contact with someone who has respiratory symptoms(症状).

6. Take general hygiene (卫生) measures when going to live animals markets or animal product markets.____45____. Avoid contacting with potentially contaminated animal wastes or the market facilities.(设施)

7.____46____. Handle raw meat, milk, or animal organs carefully to avoid cross-contamination with uncooked food.

A. Avoid eating animal products

B. This helps know the virus if it’s on your hands

C. If you are too close, you can breathe in the virus

D. This helps remove the virus if it’s on your hands

E. Avoid eating raw or undercooked animal products

F. Strictly avoid any contact with the animals at the market

G. If you sneeze or cough into your hands, you may infect other people

第三部分：书面表达(共两节，28分)

第一节(共3小题;第47、48题各2分，第49题4分，共8分)

阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成回答。

Can a robot really freestyle?

Engineers at the Georgia Institute of Technology, led by Gil Weinberg, have designed the first musical robot capable of not only playing music, but creating it. His name is Shimon. Weinberg, who is a musician, engineer, and professor of musical technology, found himself in a creative rut (俗套) and decided to create a robot that could inspire him with new musical ideas. Shimon was trained on a vast data set of everything from progressive rock to jazz to rap. His works really surprise human listeners.

Up until recent advancements, applications of AI (artificial intelligence) have mostly consisted of well-defined tasks, but many are concerned that new technology like Shimon could result in lost jobs for millions of people, even those in creative industry.

While the concern of an offing future in which humans are entirely replaced by robots certainly isn’t unfounded, a much more likely future is one in which robots work alongside humans to improve their work. Experts say that AI will actually create jobs for humans, not destroy them. The Guardian recently reported that by 2037, AI will create more than 7 million new jobs in the healthcare, education, and science fields in the UK.

Shimon is showing us what can happen when robots don’t just work for us, but with us. Instead of putting any of our favorite musicians out of work, robots will certainly be challenging and inspiring them in new ways. The cooperation between humans and robots can produce new and attractive music, leading to novel musical outcomes. Thanks to the innovation of Weinberg and his team, rap battles, jam sessions, and symphony orchestras alike may begin to look and act considerably different.

47. What can Shimon do?

48. Why did Gil Weinberg create Shimon?

49. As a student, what is your opinion about AI applied in your daily life? (About 40 words)

第二节(20分)

50. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。最近你的英国笔友Jim写信告诉你最近他学习压力很大。请你给他回信并提供一些关于如何处理压力的建议。内容包括：

1. 表示理解和关心；

2. 提出具体建议(不少于两条)；

3. 鼓励并表达祝愿。

注意：1. 词数100左右。

2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua