(新高考)高考英语一轮复习教案必修一 Unit 4 Natural disasters Writing(含答案)

Unit 4　Natural disasters Writing——如何写新闻报道

英文新闻报道通常包括以下四个部分 

1．标题：标题是新闻的题目，是编辑对最有新闻价值内容的浓缩、概括。为了撷取新闻要点、诠释新闻意义、吸引读者阅读，好的标题应该简洁明了。

2．导语：导语是消息开头的第一段或第一句话，它扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。

3．主体：主体是消息的主要部分，它用充足的事实表现主题，是对导语内容的进一步展开和阐释。主体要根据不同内容运用适当句型对新闻细节进行描述。

4．结束语：一般是最后一句话或者一段话，通常对全文内容做概括性的总结。有时，作者根据报道在结束语中提出令人深思的问题。

1．导语部分

①According to a recent survey，about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after graduation.根据最近的一项调查，大约78.9%的大学生想毕业后继续深造。

②The weather was fine，and a large number of people went to climb the West Hill.天气很好，很多人去爬西山。

③Great changes have taken place in China.中国发生了巨大的变化。

④Thanks to Project Hope，great changes have taken place in this western country school.多亏了希望工程，西部的这所乡村学校发生了巨大的变化。

2．主体部分

①To solve the problem，some measures should be taken.为了解决这个问题，(我们)应该采取一些措施。

②As we all know，the Internet is playing an important part in our everyday life.众所周知，互联网在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用。

③The number of the injured in the accident has reached more than 12.

这场事故中受伤的人已经超过12个。

3．结束语部分

①We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

②With the rapid development of society，our country will surely have a brighter future.

随着社会的快速发展，我们的国家一定会有更光明的未来。

③I suggest that the government should do something more to solve the serious problems.

我建议政府应该做更多的工作来解决这些严重的问题。

④We have every reason to believe that the development will be a great success.

我们完全有理由相信这次发展会很成功。

5月25日，你校学生会组织了为西藏地震灾区捐款的活动。同学们踊跃参加，共筹得善款35 000元。假如你是校英语报的记者李华，请按以下要点用英语写一则新闻报道。

1．时间、地点、任务、活动；

2．同学们的反应。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．报道的标题和记者姓名已给出(不计入总词数)；

3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Students Donate Money to Disaster Area

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By Li Hua，

School Newspaper

Ⅰ.精选单词短语

1．donate money to the disaster area向受灾地区捐款

2．hold 举办

3．hit/shake袭击

4．be destroyed被破坏

5．show great concern about非常关心

6．take part in the donation activity参加捐款活动

7．a great number of许多

Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法

(一)完成句子

1．学生会在5月25日举办了一场为灾区捐款的活动。

On May 25，an activity to donate money to the disaster area was held by the Students' Union.(不定式作定语)

2．一些西藏地区靠近尼泊尔的房子在事故中受到破坏。(定语从句)

Some houses in Tibet，which is close to Nepal，were destroyed in the accident.

3．许多学生加入到捐款活动中。

A great number of students took part in the donation activity.(number)

4．我们非常高兴捐献了我们的零花钱。

We were very glad to give our pocket money away.(不定式作原因状语)

(二)句式升级

5．What we know is that a big earthquake hit Nepal.(改成定语从句)

→As we (all)know，a big earthquake hit Nepal.

6．Many students took part in the donation activity.The activity was held in our library.(改为过去分词作定语)

→Many students took part in the donation activity held in our library.

7．We collected 35,000 yuan.(改为被动语态)

→35,000 yuan was collected by us.

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[参考范文]

Students Donate Money to Disaster Area

On May 25，an activity to donate money to the disaster area in Tibet was held by the Students' Union in our school.

As we know，a big earthquake hit Nepal on April 25.And some houses in Tibet，which is close to Nepal，were destroyed in the accident.Therefore，to show our concern about the victims，a great

number of students in our school took part in the donation activity held in our library.It started from eight o'clock and lasted two hours.In the end,35,000 yuan was collected and given to the Red Cross in our city.

We were very glad to give our pocket money away.

By Li Hua，

School Newspaper

【导读】　地震就像地狱使者，他来的悄无声息；等你意识到了，一切似乎又显得那么脆弱，但有备无患总是好的。

Earthquakes

Over one million earthquakes occur every year but most of these are too small to notice.An earthquake can happen on land or under water.A major quake may last for only a minute but in that time it can kill thousands of people and completely destroy towns and villages.

In the early hours of the morning of April 18,1906，people in San Francisco were suddenly thrown to the ground as one of the history's most famous natural disasters struck and the buildings around them collapsed(倒塌)．The streets were described as moving like“waves of water”．Building after building was leveled.The whole of Chinatown was destroyed and only one building was left standing on the top of Nob Hill[1]．The damage caused by the earthquake was estimated at around 7 million pounds，with the fire damage at 140 million pounds.The quake measured 7.8 on the Richter scale.

On September 1,1923，three massive(巨大的)7.9 magnitude (震级) shocks hit the cities of Tokyo and Yokohama.Only about one percent of Tokyo's buildings were severely damaged by the quake but massive fires broke out and swept across the wood and paper houses in the city.Of the 140,000 people who died in the disaster，the vast majority were victims of the fire.Over 200,000 buildings were burned down，leaving more than half a million people homeless[2]．

September 1st is now designated(指定)as Disaster Prevention Day in Japan and earthquake drills(演习)are held in preparation for the next inevitable big quake，during which volunteers are shown how to put out fires and use emergency equipment.

地震

每年要发生100多万次地震，但其中的大多数都因为太小而未引起注意。地震可能发生在地上或者发生在水下。一次大地震可能只持续一分钟，但是在这段时间里它可以使成千上万的人丧生，并彻底摧毁许多城镇和乡村。

1906年4月18日凌晨，一次历史上最著名的自然灾害之一突然发生了，旧金山市的居民一下子都被摔倒在地，周围的建筑物也都倒塌了。人们描述说，街道就像“波浪”一样晃动。一栋接一栋的建筑物被夷为平地。整个唐人街都被摧毁了，仅剩下诺布山顶上的一栋建筑。据估计，当时地震造成的损失约为700万英镑，伴随而来的火灾造成的损失是1.4亿英镑。经测量，这次地震为里氏7.8级。

1923年9月1日，东京和横滨两个城市遭受了3次震级为7.9级的强烈地震。东京只有约1%的建筑遭到严重破坏，但是发生了特大火灾，摧毁了这个城市里的木头房子和纸房子。在这次地震中遇难的14万人中，大部分死于火灾。20多万栋建筑被烧毁，造成50多万人无家可归。

现在9月1日被定为日本的防灾日。这一天要进行地震演习，教志愿者如何灭火，如何使用紧急救援器材，为下次不可避免的大地震做准备。

[知识积累]

1．be described as...　　　 被描述为……

2．level vt.   夷平；摧毁

3．estimate v.   估计；估算

4．vast adj.   巨大的；大量的

5．victim n.   受害者

6．inevitable adj.   不可避免的

7．volunteer n.   志愿者v.自愿做

[1]本句属于“leave＋宾语＋宾补”结构，意为“使……处于某状态中”，此处为该结构的被动语态。

[2]“leaving...”是现在分词短语作结果状语。

[文化链接]

Disaster Prevention Day日本防灾日

由于日本多地震，日本政府于1960年将每年的9月1日定为“防灾日”。从70年代后期以来，日本政府采取了一系列国家规模的全面防震措施。1978年6月，日本国会通过了《大规模地震对策特别措施法》，正式将“防灾日”写入法律。每年此日，日本动用大量的人力物力在东京和静冈等地举行大规模的防震抗灾综合演习。