(新高考)高考英语二轮复习讲义第3部分 书面表达 层级1+第1讲　八种基本句型 (含答案)

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第1讲　八种基本句型

完成下列句子的翻译。

1．女士们、先生们，请系好安全带，飞机就要起飞了。

Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts，the plane is taking off．

2．当今，许多大城市的人们在抱怨交通拥堵。

Nowadays, people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic．

3．在我看来，一个没有朋友的人永远不会幸福。

In my opinion, a person without friends can never be happy．

4．幸运的是，她答应再给我一个求职面试的机会。

Fortunately, she promised me another chance of a job interview.

5．从古代起，人们就把早起视为一种好习惯。

People have regarded getting up early as a good habit since ancient times.

6．为了身体健康，我们应该经常锻炼。

In order to keep fit, we should exercise regularly．

7．最后，我们应该经常做些户外运动。

Finally, we should take some outdoor exercise frequently．

8．有几条信息我想与你分享。

Here are some pieces of information that I'd like to share with you.

1．主语＋谓语(不及物动词)

该句型常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为：句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。

①Every second counts．

分秒必争。

②Our efforts paid off．

我们的努力有所回报。

2．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语

该句式特点为：谓语动词均为实义动词，都是主语发出的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语(宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当)，即动作的承受者，才能表达完整的意思。

①And he stressed the importance of working with our own hands．

而且他强调了我们动手劳动的重要性。

②I appreciated my maths teacher's praise and encouragement．

我感谢我的数学老师的称赞和鼓励。

3．主语＋系动词＋表语

该句式就是常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样，谓语动词需用系动词(主要是be动词)，表语多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。

①We feel at ease in school uniform every day.

每天我们穿着校服感到很轻松。

②To be frank, studying for a degree in a different culture is never easy．

坦率地讲，在一个不同的文化环境中学习并获得一个学位绝非易事。

4．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

此句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语；一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面，直接宾语在后面。

①Now I would like to offer you some advice．

现在我想给你提供一些建议。

②First he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.

首先他向我们展示了做面人的基本步骤和技能。

5．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语

此句式中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的，直接跟在宾语之后。

①I'd like to invite you to join us in a performance．

我想邀请你和我们一起表演节目。

②The traditional Chinese clothes will make the occasion very Chinese and inviting to the British guests.

这种中国传统服装可使得这个场合中国味十足，对英国客人极具吸引力。

6．主语＋谓语(不及物动词)＋状语

在很多情况下，作谓语的不及物动词后需跟上状语意思才完整，状语可以是副词、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语、状语从句等。

①I am writing to apply to be a volunteer．

我写信的目的是申请做志愿者。

②What's more, the stadium opens from 9 a．m. to 5 p．m. Monday to Friday．

另外，体育馆开放时间是周一至周五的上午9点到下午5点。

7．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋状语

有些作谓语的及物动词，后面有宾语，但仍需要加上状语意思才更完整。

①I'm writing this email to express my gratitude to you for your help．

我写这封邮件以表达我对你帮助的感谢。

②I will spend the summer holiday in the countryside．

我将在乡下过暑假。

8．there be句型

There be句型有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词、情态动词连用。另外，There be句型有许多固定表达，它们的适当应用对写作会大有提升。

①For example, there are so many reference books that I am often confused about how to choose.

例如，有大量的参考书，我对于如何选择经常感到困惑。

②I'm writing to inform you that there will be a Chinese paper­cutting exhibition these days.

我写信的目的是要告诉你这些天将会有一场中国剪纸艺术展。

③Today is National Day.I think there should be many cars on the freeway.

今天是国庆节。我认为高速路上应该有很多车辆。

④There is no need to worry about it as the government is now making every effort to provide more jobs.

没必要担心，因为政府正在尽一切努力提供更多的工作岗位。

利用8种基本句型，结合汉语提示补全短文并背诵。

Dear Sir or Madam，

I am Li Hua from Class One, Senior Three.1．I'm writing to apply(我写信是想申请) to be one of the host families for the foreigners.

In my view, 2．the activity is of great significance(这项活动意义重大) because the students participating in it will benefit a lot.

3．There is no doubt that(毫无疑问) my family can undertake the task.To begin with, 4．my fluent English enables me to communicate with the foreign friends(我流利的英语使我能与外国朋友交流)．In addition, my house is big enough to accomodate them.5．My family will offer them the best service(我的家人会为他们提供最好的服务)．We also plan to invite them to have a taste of local snacks and hot pots.

6．I would appreciate it(我会感激) if my application is taken into consideration.

Best regards.

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua