(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 必修第三册 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 必修第三册 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations (含答案)，共12页。





Ⅰ.认阅读单词
1．lantern n．灯笼；提灯
2．carnival n．狂欢节；嘉年华
3．costume n．(某地或某历史时期的)服装；戏装
4．riddle n．谜语；神秘事件
5．samba n．桑巴舞；桑巴舞曲
6．make-up n．化妆品；性格；构成方式
7．evil adj.邪恶的；有害的；罪恶的 n．邪恶；罪恶；恶行
8．commercial adj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的
9．commercialise(NAmE also -ize)vt.使商业化；利用……牟利
10．commercialisation(NAmE also -ization)n.商业化
11．Christmas carol圣诞颂歌
12．pudding n．布丁；(餐末的)甜食
13．mashed potatoes土豆泥
14．turkey n．火鸡；火鸡肉
15．roast turkey烤火鸡肉
16．autonomous adj.自治的；有自治权的
17．region n．地区；区域；地带
18．archery n．射箭术；射箭运动
19．robe n．袍服；礼袍
20．eagle n．雕
21．pot n．罐；壶；锅
22．Coming-of-Age Day成人节
23．Rio(全称Rio de Janeiro)里约热内卢(巴西城市)
24．Halloween n．万圣节前夕
25．Thanksgiving (Day)感恩节
26．Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region内蒙古自治区
27．Mongolian adj.蒙古人的；蒙古的；蒙古语的 n．蒙古语；蒙古人
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1．march vi.& n．行进；前进；示威游行
2．ceremony n．典礼；仪式
3．range n．一系列；范围、界限 vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化
4．figure n．人物；数字；身材 vt.认为；认定
5．harvest n．收获季节；收获；收成 vi.& vt.收割(庄稼)；捕猎(动物、鱼)
6．crop n．庄稼；作物；一季的收成
7．gather vi.聚集；集合 vt.聚集；搜集；收割
8．feature vt.以……为特色 n．特色；特征；特点
9．church n．(基督教的)教堂；礼拜堂
10．fade vi.& vt.逐渐消失；(使)褪色；(身体)变得虚弱
11．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的
12．firecracker n．鞭炮；爆竹
13．medium n．(pl.media)媒介；手段；方法 adj.中等的；中号的
14．atmosphere n．气氛；氛围；(地球的)大气(层)
15．lunar adj.阴历的；月球的；月亮的
16．eve n．前夕；前一天
17．envelope n．信封；塑料封套
18．pumpkin n．南瓜
19．roast adj.烤的；焙的 vi.& vt.烘烤；焙
20．firework n．烟火；烟花；[pl.]烟花表演
21．frank adj.坦率的；直率的
22．inner adj.内部的；里面的；内心的
23．fancy adj.花哨的；精致的；昂贵的 vt.想要；倾慕；自认为是
24．absolutely adv.绝对地；完全地
25．moment n．片刻；瞬间
26．brief adj.简洁的；简单的；短暂的
27．tent n．帐篷
28．branch n．树枝；分支；支流
29．wedding n．婚礼；结婚庆典
30．clap vt.鼓掌；拍手；击掌 n．鼓掌；拍手；掌声
Ⅲ.知拓展单词
1．congratulation n．祝贺；恭喜→congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪
2．origin n．起源；起因；出身→original adj.最初的；原创的；新颖的→originally adv.本来；原来
3．religion n．宗教；宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教的；笃信宗教的
4．charm n．魅力；迷人的特征；咒语 v．吸引，迷住→charmed adj.着迷的→charming adj.有魅力的；迷人的
5．joy n．高兴；喜悦→joyful adj.高兴的；快乐的→joyfully adv.开心地
6．gratitude n．感激之情；感谢→grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的
7．agricultural adj.农业(劳动/生产)→agriculture n．农业；农艺
8．decorate vt.装饰；装潢→decoration n．装饰；装潢
9．significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的→significance n．重要性，意义；意思，含义
10．reflect vt.显示；反映；反射→reflection n．倒影；反映；思考
11．belief n．信仰；信心；信任→believe vt.相信→believable adj.可以相信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的
12．faith n．宗教信仰；信任；相信→faithful adj.忠诚的；虔诚的→faithfully adv.虔诚地
13．occasion n．特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会→occasional adj.偶然的，偶尔的→occasionally adv.偶尔；间或
14．merry adj.愉快的；高兴的→merrily adv.高兴地；愉快地
15．pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasant adj.令人愉快的→please vt.使满意；使愉快→pleasure n．愉快；令人高兴的事
16．represent vt.象征；代表；相当于→representative n．代表 adj.有代表性的
17．wrestle vi.& vt.摔跤；奋力对付→wrestler n．摔跤运动员→wrestling n．摔跤运动
18．grace n．优美；优雅；高雅→graceful adj.优美的；高雅的
19．respect n．& vt.尊敬；尊重→respectful adj.恭敬的；表示敬意的→respectable adj.可敬的；体面的
20．horrible adj.令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的→horror n．畏惧；憎恶；震惊
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．dress (sb.) up穿上盛装；装扮
2．after all毕竟；别忘了
3．range from...to...包括从……到……之间
4．fade away逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱
5．in spite of不管；尽管
6．take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
7．the media大众传播媒介
8．have sth.in common(兴趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征
9．Merry Christmas圣诞快乐
10．to be frank坦白说；坦率地说
11．go off爆炸；走火；离开
12．except for除……之外
13．set off出发；动身；启程

1．clumsy adj.笨拙的
2．coincidence n．碰巧；巧合
3．colleague n．同事
4．commitment n．承诺；保证
5．companion n．同伴；同事
6．competence n．能力；胜任
7．complex adj.复杂的
8．compromise n．& v．妥协；折中

1．However，no matter how different they may seem，all over the world，the spirit of sharing joy，gratitude，love，or peace is common in all festivals.(no matter how引导的让步状语从句)
然而，不论它们看起来多么不同，世界各地分享快乐、感恩、爱或者和平的精神在所有的节日中是一样的。
2．Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.(it作形式宾语)
网上的购物网站和社交媒体应用程序使人们更加容易地花更多的钱为他们所爱的人购买礼物。
3．I saw a lot of people wearing fancy Mongolian robes.(see sb.doing)
我看到很多人穿着华丽的蒙古袍。
4．I heard it is because children are lighter and the horses can run faster and farther.(because引导的表语从句)
我听说那是因为孩子们比较轻，马可以跑得更快、更远。
5．That was the moment I started to understand why people say “Horses are at the heart of Mongolian culture”．(why引导的宾语从句)
我顿时明白了为什么人们说“马是蒙古文化的核心”了。
6．I’m finally back home now，feeling really tired，but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it.(现在分词短语作伴随状语)
现在我终于回到家了，感到十分疲倦，但是和我的朋友一起欢度“那达慕”大会是完全值得的。

请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。

Pleased and excited，people celebrate festivals by holding various ceremonies 1.ranging from setting off fireworks or firecrackers to dressing up in fancy costumes for marches.Some festivals have religious origins in memory of famous figures；some are 2.agricultural festivals to show gratitude for harvesting crops；some are festivals featuring traditions，in which customs still play a significant role；while in others traditions have faded away and they seem not to reflect people’s 3.beliefs or faiths.They are commercialized and taken advantage of by businessmen and the media.On special occasions，supermarkets 4.are decorated to create an atmosphere to encourage customers to buy.To be frank，people are still missing the days when they gathered 5.joyfully and enjoyed themselves with homemade pumpkin pies，puddings，mashed potatoes，roast turkeys as well as singing Christmas carols.Not all festivals have abandoned old traditions.The Naadam Festival of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is a good example.Represented by wrestling，archery，and horse racing，the festival is really exciting.In brief，we should show 6.respect for good traditions and after all，it’s 7.horrible to forget our root absolutely.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
congratulation n．祝贺；恭喜；(pl.)贺词 (congratulate vt.祝贺)

•express/offer/send one’s congratulations to sb.向某人致以祝贺
a letter of congratulation一封贺信
•congratulate sb.on (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人祝贺

(1)I am writing a letter of congratulation(congratulate) to my monitor on his being elected as chairman of the Student Association.(应用文写作之祝贺信)
(2)首先，我对你在英语演讲比赛中的成功表示衷心的祝贺。(应用文写作之祝贺信)
①Firstly，I express my sincere congratulations on your success in the English speech contest.(congratulation)
②Firstly，I sincerely congratulate you on your success in the English speech contest.(congratulate)
range n．一系列；范围，界限；种类；山脉 vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化
•a full/wide range of...大范围的……，各种……
in/within the range of...在射程以内；在……范围内
out of/beyond range of...在射程外；在……范围外
•range from...to.../range between...and...包括从……到……之间；在……到……之间变动

(1)To her great joy，she suddenly saw a stream flowing quietly within/in the range of vision.
(2)随着这个体育场的落成，各种体育赛事得以举行，包括从乒乓球、足球到赛跑不等。
①With the stadium set up，a wide range of sports events are able to be held，which range from ping pong，football to running competitions.(which引导的定语从句)
②With the stadium set up，a wide range of sports events are able to be held，ranging from ping pong，football to running competitions.(现在分词作状语)
figure n．身材，体形；数字；人物；图案；轮廓；人影 vt.认为，认定；计算
•keep one’s figure保持体形
•figure that...认为……；认定……
figure out弄明白；计算出；想出

(1)We must figure out how much the social occasion held last week cost.
(2)我们所有学生都认为这次水果采摘活动是一次巨大的成功。(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
All of us students figure that the fruit-picking activity is a great success.
(3)只有通过均衡饮食，定期锻炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。(应用文写作之建议信)
Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you keep your figure as well as stay healthy.(倒装句)
(4)当我们接近农场时，我们看到了一个模糊的身影，那是焦急地等待我们的保罗叔叔。
As we were approaching the farm，we saw a dim figure，which turned out to be Uncle Paul who was waiting for us anxiously.



grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的 (gratitude n．感激之情；感谢)
be grateful to sb.for sth.因某事而感激某人
be grateful to do sth.因做某事而感激
be grateful that...感激……
I would be grateful if you could do...如果你能做……，我将不胜感激。

(1)I am grateful to you for decorating our classroom for the graduation ceremony.
(2)I am writing to convey my heartfelt gratitude(grateful) for what you have done for me.
(3)伯纳德打心底感激慷慨的约翰的帮助。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
Bernard was grateful to be helped by generous John from the bottom of his heart.(be grateful to do)
(4)如果你能帮我的忙，我将非常感激。(应用文写作之求助信)
I would be very grateful if you could lend me a hand.
significant adj.有重大意义的；重要的；显著的 (significance n．重要性；重要意义)
•be significant (to)＝be of significance (to)(对……来说)很重要
•attach significance to...重视；认为……重要

(1)By participating in this activity，I have become aware of the significance(significant) of showing respect to the old.
(2)总之，在线学习对我们的学业发展很重要。(2021·全国乙，书面表达)
All in all，online learning is of great significance/is very significant to our academic development.
(3)我认为在学校锻炼身体很重要，因此我们学生必须积极按时上体育课。(话题写作之学校生活)
I attach great significance to working out at school，so we students must have PE class actively and punctually.
typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的
be typical of典型的，特有的
It is typical of sb.to do sth.某人做某事是经常的；某人一贯做某事

(1) To be frank，both of us have the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors.
(2)我们的数学老师一贯对我们非常有耐心，我从来没有见她因为我们听不懂而生气。
(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
It’s typical of our maths teacher to be very patient with us.Never have I seen her get angry because we can’t understand what she says.


reflect vi.思考 vt.思考；反映；反射；显示 (reflection n．思考；映射；反射；倒影)
reflect sb./sth.in sth.(指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像
reflect on/upon思考；反省

(1)She was extremely pretty，and her house was a reflection(reflect) of herself，everything in good taste and in perfect order.(2021·6月浙江)
(2)Her beautiful face which she felt proud of was reflected in the mirror.
(3)这个年轻人静静地躺在草地上，反思那天所发生的事情。
①The young man lay on the grass quietly and reflected on what had happened that day.
②The young man lay on the grass quietly，reflecting on what had happened that day.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
pleased adj.高兴的；满意的 (please vt.使高兴；使满意 pleasant adj.令人满意的；令人愉快的pleasure n．高兴；快乐；满意)
•be pleased to do sth.高兴地做某事；愿意做某事
be pleased with sth.对……高兴；对……满意
•with pleasure 高兴地；(用于应答)非常乐意
for pleasure 作为消遣

(1) To be frank，I was pleased to decorate the room in this way.The pleasant decoration pleased my headteacher and he even praised me with pleasure.(please)
(2)得知你们将要参观我校，我非常高兴。我深信你们会对我们专门为你们做的安排满意的。预祝你们在我校参观愉快。(2021·1月浙江，应用文写作)
I am more than pleased to know that you will pay a visit to our school.I strongly believe that you will be pleased with the arrangements we specially have made for you.Wish you a pleasant visit in our school.
(3)我经常读英文报主要是为了获取信息，并非为了消遣。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
I regularly read the English newspaper mainly for information，not for pleasure.
respect vt.& n．尊敬；尊重；敬意；方面 (respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的，得体的 respectful adj.恭敬的；表示敬意的)
•respect sb.for sth.因为某事而尊敬某人
•have/show respect for sb.尊重某人
in every respect在各个方面
in many respects在许多方面
give one’s respects to sb.代某人向……问候/致意
in respect of＝with respect to至于，关于；就……而言

(1)I absolutely respect this honest man for his willingness to help others in trouble.
(2)你到家后，代我向你父亲致意。
After arriving at your home，give my respects to your father.
(3)在我们生活的许多方面，总有值得尊敬的人。关于我最尊敬的人，我不得不提到我的数学老师。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
In many respects of our life，there are always respectable people.With respect to/In respect of the person I respect most，I have to mention my maths teacher.
set off出发；动身；启程；引起；点燃
set aside留出；把……放置一旁；不理会；取消
set down放下；记下；让……下车
set up建立；准备；安排
set about doing sth.着手做某事
set out出发；着手(做某事)(to do)

用set短语的适当形式完成下列语段
At 7 a．m.last Saturday we set off/out for the farm merrily like caged birds newly set free.On arriving at the farm，we set up tents and then set about picking fruits.At noon，we set aside half an hour to set down what we thought of the fruit-picking activity in the tents.What a meaningful and beneficial activity it was！(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.网上的购物网站和社交媒体应用程序使人们更加容易地花更多的钱为他们所爱的人购买礼物。
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it作形式宾语，放在补足语之前。常用的动词有think，take，believe，make，find，consider，feel等。

(1)要想提高你的写作水平，你最好把每天写日记当成习惯。(应用文写作之建议信)
To improve your writing，you’d better make it a rule to keep a diary every day.
(2)由于突如其来的大雨，我们认为在漆黑的树林里找到回去的路相当困难。
We considered/believed/thought it quite difficult to find our way back in the dark forest with the unexpected heavy rain.
(3)我们总是理所当然地认为我们的父母应该照顾我们。
We always take it for granted that our parents should take care of us.
(4)我认为抱怨没用，相反，我应该立即行动起来。
I feel it no use complaining；instead，I should take action immediately.
(5)While working，I found it was hard to work in the fields under a hot sun.(2019·北京，书面表达)
→While working，I found it hard to work in the fields under a hot sun.(用it作形式宾语改写)
I’m finally back home now，feeling really tired，but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it.现在我终于回到家了，感到十分疲倦，但是和我的朋友一起欢度“那达慕”大会是完全值得的。
feeling really tired是动词-ing形式作状语，表示伴随状况。动词-ing形式还可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果和方式等。

(1)I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling(feel) sorry for myself.
(2)孩子们躺在草地上，看着夜空中的星星。
The kids lay on the grass，watching the stars in the night sky.
(3)他站起来，穿过房间，紧紧地拥抱我，不受控制地哭起来。(读后续写之动作链描写)
He rose to his feet，crossed the room and hugged me tightly，crying without control.
(4)当听到校长所说的话，我欣喜若狂，双眼兴奋地闪闪发光。(读后续写之心理描写)
When hearing what the headmaster said，I was wild with joy，my eyes glittering with excitement.
用法点拨　现在分词(短语)作时间状语时，有时可由连词when，while，after等引出。

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．figure
A.n.人物　B.n.数字　C.n.身材　D.n.人影
E.n.图案　F.vt.计算　G.vt.认为

(1)She was pleased to report the latest trade figures to her manager. B
(2)I am grateful to you for your advice on how to keep a slim figure. C
(3)Tsinghua University is absolutely home to a great number of outstanding figures. A
(4)I saw a tall figure approaching in the darkness. D
(5)The wall was covered with figures of birds，flowers and lanterns. E
(6)I figure that you have a lot in common with me. G
(7)I am figuring my expenses so that I can know where my money has gone. F
2．set off

(1)We ought to set off at 7 a．m.while the roads are empty. A
(2)It is typical of Chinese people to set off fireworks in the Spring Festival. C
(3)To be frank，that blue blouse doesn’t set off her beauty. D
(4)His rude reply set off a bad feeling of me. B
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)I dislike seeing TV commercials when enjoying a wonderful soap opera.广告
(2)Because of heavy pressure and overwork，he is fading fast.(身体)变得虚弱
(3)Please give my respects to your father.问候
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．I congratulated him on winning an award in the talent show.
2．The songs of the virtual choir involved a wide range of topics.
3．The doctor tried to figure out which treatment could cure the patient of his ache.
4．I am grateful to you for giving me an opportunity to try out for the play.
5. Equipment has a significant(significance) impact on the performance of a band.
6．It’s typical of the composer to use stringed instruments.
7．To my satisfaction，he finished the decoration(decorate) of the house in a wonderful way.
8．After getting through with the composition，the band set off for the studio to record the new song.
9．The aim of the project is to teach the young to respect scientists for their good virtues and diligence.
10．His previous album is a reflection(reflect) on his love for classical music and his satisfaction with his life.

Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
话题写作之传统文化——中秋节
1．我们中国人认为庆祝中秋节非常重要。(it作形式宾语)
We Chinese think it very significant to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival.
2．无论我们多忙，我们一贯一起欣赏满月，一起吃月饼。(no matter how；it is typical of sb.to do)
No matter how busy we are，it is typical of us to admire the full moon and enjoy mooncakes together.
3．这是因为月饼和满月一样圆，代表着家人团聚。(It is because...)
It is because mooncakes are as round as the full moon，representing family reunion.
4．同时，我们会做各种美食，从鱼肉、猪肉到蔬菜不等。(range)
Meanwhile，we will cook a full/wide range of delicious foods，ranging from fish，pork to vegetables.
5．通过庆祝这个节日，我们也是表明我们对这一年的好收成的感激。(be grateful for)
By celebrating the festival，we are also to show that we are grateful for the year’s good harvests.
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
1．情感描写
joy n．高兴；喜悦→joyful adj.高兴的；快乐的→joyfully adv.开心地
gratitude n．感激之情；感谢→grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的
horrible adj.令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的
belief n．信仰；信心；信任
faith n．宗教信仰；信任；相信
merry adj.愉快的；高兴的
pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasant adj.令人愉快的→please vt.使满意；使愉快
frank adj.坦率的；直率的→frankly adv.坦率地，直率地
2．动作描写
dress (sb.) up穿上盛装；装扮
fade away逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱
take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
set off出发；动身；启程
gather vi.聚集；集合 vt.聚集；搜集；收割
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
我终于鼓起勇气去敲Mort的门。“你可以借给我一些钱吗？”我用颤抖迟疑的声音低语道。我坦诚地告诉他我的爸爸发生了多么可怕的事情。由于重病他的身体迅速变得虚弱。Mort相信我，说利用这个机会帮助我他非常高兴。感激的泪水模糊了我的双眼。我动身回家，心里涌起一股暖流。
I finally gathered my courage to knock at Mort’s door.“Could you lend me some money？” I whispered in a trembling and hesitant voice.I frankly told him what a horrible thing had happened to my dad，who was fading away fast due to a serious illness.Mort had belief/faith in me，saying that he was more than pleased to take advantage of the chance to do me a favor.Tears of gratitude clouded my eyes.I set off for my home，a stream of warmth flowing in my heart.