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2021松原乾安县高二下学期期末测试英语试题含答案
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这是一份2021松原乾安县高二下学期期末测试英语试题含答案，共8页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
绝密 ★ 启用前
吉林省松原市乾安县
2020-2021学年度高二下学期期末测试卷
英语试卷
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Online Bachelor’s Degrees and Programs
The overview
Colleges offer online degrees in a range of fields. Click on a degree program to explore what courses you take, how long the program takes to complete, career options and average salary. For example, to earn an online health science bachelor's degree, you would take courses in public health, health communications and epidemiology(流行病学).
The benefits
Pursuing an accredited(官方认可的)online bachelor's degree can help you take the next step in your career. Through your program, you'll attend online lectures, study from home manage a busy schedule and interact virtually with professors and classmates.
The applicants
An online college degree may appeal to those who want more flexibility in completing their education, or who want to take classes while working full time or parenting. Choosing where to register online will likely be challenging, but below you'll find tools, advice and other resources to make your search easier.
Best online bachelor's programs
U. S. News evaluated several factors to rank the best online bachelor's degree programs, including graduation rates and support services available remotely.
School name
Tuition per credit
Application deadline
Financial aid available
University of Georgia
$ 326
May 1
Yes
Georgia Washington University
$ 615
June 10
No
University of Arizona
$ 525
July 12
Yes
North Carolina University
$ 900
February 15
Yes
To see the full ranking list, please click here.
1．What will you do after attending online degree programs?
A．Get a degree for free. B．Attend lectures in a hall.
C．Take some related courses. D．Talk with teachers face to face.
2．Which university is the last one to end the application?
A．Georgia Washington University. B．University of Georgia.
C．North Carolina University. D．University of Arizona.
3．Where are you likely to read the text?
A．On the Internet. B．In a magazine.
C．In a textbook. D．In a newspaper.
B
Kyle Cassidy and three other members of the Annenberg Running Group were stretching on the grounds of the University of Pennsylvania, waiting for a few latecomers. The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute jog and an occasional lecture. That's right― during some runs, one of them delivers a talk. Topics range from the brain to Bitcoin.
But on this day last January, it would not be their normal run. The first clue that something was off was the man who sprinted past them. "Running at an amazing pace," Cassidy told Runner's World admiringly. Cassidy discovered why the sprinter was so fleet of foot when another man ran by, yelling, “Help! He took my phone and laptop!"
At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, trailing the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he ducked into a construction site. The runners split up. Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the thief off while the others wandered the neighborhood hoping he had dumped the loot（赃物）in a backyard.
No luck. So they decided to ask residents whether they'd seen the guy. When they knocked on the door of one row house, they were in for a surprise. Unknown to them, he had already emerged from the construction site—and was hiding behind a bush by that very house. As the owner opened the door, the suspect darted out from behind the bush ... and right into the arms of campus police, who'd joined the chase shortly behind the runners.
The members of this running group are not hard-core athletes. But they do understand the benefit of a little exercise. “Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat,” Cassidy told The Philadelphia Inquirer. “But occasionally it can be useful, and here was one of those opportunities.”
4．Why do the group members gather together?
A．To do some stretching. B．To have a regular run.
C．To deliver a lecture. D．To cover some topics.
5．What does the underlined word “sprinted” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Dashed. B．Pushed.
C．Jumped. D．Escaped.
6．We can infer that the success of the chase is mainly due to____ .
A．the assistance of the runners B．the owner of the row house
C．the campus police on patrol D．the joint efforts of the people
7．Which of the following best describes Cassidy?
A．Athletic and generous. B．Courageous and ambitious.
C．Helpful and humorous. D．Thoughtful and demanding.
C
An infectious disease is a disease that is caused by the invasion of a host by pathogens（病原体）whose activities harm the host’s tissues and can be spread to other individuals.
Microorganisms（微生物）capable of causing disease are called pathogens. A true pathogen is an infectious agent that causes disease in any possible host. The terms “infection” and “disease” are quite different. In order to cause disease, pathogens must be able to enter the host body, stick to specific host cells, invade and multiply and do damage to host tissues.
Pathogens may be spread through either direct or indirect contact. Direct contact occurs when an individual is infected by contact with the infection source. It also includes taking in the infectious droplets released by sneezing or coughing. Indirect contact occurs when a pathogen can survive the environment outside its host for a long period of time. So lifeless objects that are polluted by direct contact with the infection source may be the indirect contact for easily infected group.
Public health measures typically involve killing the pathogen from its source or from its route of spread. Those measures include ensuring a safe water supply, effectively treating waste water, and initiating animal control and vaccination（疫苗）programs, etc. Personally, the first line of defense is to keep pathogen at bay by following good personal hygiene（卫生）habits. Prevent infection before it begins and avoid spreading it to others with some easy measures, such as washing hands, getting vaccinated and so on.
Man never stops fighting against all kinds of infectious diseases. But in the past two decades at least a dozen “new” disease have been identified, and traditional diseases that appeared to be “on their way out” are re-emerging. Globally, infectious diseases remain the leading cause of death. Clearly, the ballet has not been won. Nevertheless, it is increasingly difficult for most of us to deny the claims of science. We are continually presented with great amounts of relevant scientific and medical knowledge, which encourages us to take more responsibility for our own health.
8．What’s the main idea of paragraph2?
A. Origin of true pathogens.
B. Strategies for avoiding tissue damage.
C. Nature of infectious diseases.
D. Differences between infection and disease.
9．What is likely to cause disease spread through indirect contact?
A．Breathing in tiny drops from coughing
B．Embracing an infected person.
C．Getting bitten by an infected cat.
D．Using umbrella a sick man used.
10．What does the underlined phrase “at bay” in paragragh 4 mean?
A．At risk. C．Under control.
B．Stay away. D．Within reach.
11．What can we infer about the last paragraph?
A．Science plays an important in defeating infectious diseases.
B．Man is at a loss about infectious diseases.
C．Traditional infectious diseases are dying out.
D．The battle against infectious diseases is in vain.
D
If you think you’d like to live on Mars, you may have that possibility by 2023. A Dutch company called Mars One will soon advertise for people interested in colonizing (开拓) Mars. If you have all the necessary skills, you could be one of the first colonists. Are you ready for the challenge?
You won’t have to pay for the mission to Mars. Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances.
The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. Scientists know it’s quite possible because something similar has already been done in Antarctica.
Another problem is that space travel to Mars takes nearly a year to get to Mars and the colonists will live the rest of their lives there. When a human lives in an environment without gravity or with low gravity for a long time, the systems in the body weaken. Luckily, spinning (旋转) the spaceship can create artificial gravity, and artificial gravity can ease these problems. It will also be difficult for Mars colonists to be far from home, living in small spaces, and seeing the same people over and over. Colonists with depression could put the mission in danger. Fortunately, a few years ago, a joint Russian and European project called the Mars500 Mission studied people’s reactions in a Mars-like environment. It is viewed as a great success because scientists were able to see how people handle emotional and physical stresses.
Recent studies show that seven percent of people would want to go on such an adventure.
Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists. Are you interested?
12．What do we know about the applicants to Mars from the first two paragraphs?
A．They will land on Mars in 2023.
B．They can get money from donors.
C．They will compete in a TV show.
D．They do not need special skills.
13．What will the first colonists do to solve the basic living problems on Mars?
A．Create earth-like conditions.
B．Build labs in Antarctica.
C．Spin the spaceship.
D．Start the Mars500 Mission.
14．What can the life of the first colonists be like according to the passage?
A．Difficult and dangerous.
B．Different but adaptable.
C．Challenging and unbearable .
D．Acceptable but depressing.
15．What’s the best title for the text?
A．Mars: our final destination?
B．Ready to be Mars’ colonists?
C．Space travel: a thrilling adventure?
D．Are you a qualified Mars astronaut?
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Rachael Ray is known as a famous chef, magazine publisher, and creator of her own pet food. Recently, I was lucky to interview her about healthy eating. 16 . Here is what she said: Do what you love, and you’ll love what you do.
Ray didn’t spend her childhood dreaming of becoming a star. Instead, she remembers devotion to her creativity. “I didn’t say, ‘When I grow up, I want to be this or that.’ But I loved to read, draw, and be in the kitchen and around food.” 17 . She now spends her days creating meals and sharing ideas with people from around the world. When asked if it was exhausting to smile for the cameras every day, Ray said, “No, it’s fun. 18 .”
Eat well
Ray believes that kids should understand the need for healthy food choices. “Eating well just makes you a happier person,” she said. Ray shows people how to prepare healthy versions of any food in the world, from hamburgers to pizza to hot dogs to French fries. 19 .
Read a lot
I asked Ray if she had a favorite children’s book, and she named two: The Casual Observer by Elizabeth Whitson and The Stinky Cheese Man and Other Fairly Stupid Tales by Jon Scieszka and Lane Smith.
20 : “Work harder than everybody else, be grateful, always try to laugh more than you cry, and don’t be mean to people.”
A. I love what I do
B. Eating good food helps me keep healthy
C. After that, I asked Ray for some tips for kids
D. I know it is hard for her to accept my interview
E. Ray ended our conversation by sharing her recipe for success
F. This creativity led Ray to produce several successful television shows
G. Ray also believes that eating good food can help students feel better and do well in school
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Denver, Colorado is one of the fastest growing cities in America. It also has one of the biggest populations of 21 young people. A Denver coffee shop is seeking to solve the problem. The Purple Door Coffee Shop employs and 22 homeless young people, giving them a second 23 to make a new start.
For many years, Kevin Persons lived on the 24 . Today, he is working in a bar, serving coffee. He is also working to move off the streets and into a home.
The owners of the two-year-old nonprofit 25 three to four young adults per year. Shelters such as Urban Peak, where Kevin was staying, 26 young people who are ready to commit to working.
Madison Chandler, co-founder of Purple Door, and her partner meet with their workers 27 each week. They talk about topics 28 from mental health, finance to customer service. They also 49 a life coach to make sure the workers have the 30 and skills that will set them up for success.
Kevin 31 that he is learning what he needs to 32 the struggles of homelessness and live a full life.
For Madison Chandler, providing these young adults with 33 and education and helping them become confident and 34 is worthwhile. The most 35 part of her job is helping them achieve a life for themselves that they have dreamed of.
21. A. hopeless B. homeless C. powerless D. useless
22. A. controls B. treats C. requires D. trains
23. A. change B. charity C. chance D. compromise
24. A. roof B. bridge C. bank D. street
25. A. hire B. fire C. contact D. exchange
26. A. remind B. indicate C. recommend D. suggest
27. A. accidentally B. proudly C. particularly D. individually
28. A. including B. ranging C. spreading D. extending
29. A. advertise B. teach C. provide D. promote
30. A. support B. imagination C. production D. supply
31. A. lies B. regrets C. recognizes D. claims
32. A. keep B. leave C. await D. recall
33. A. adjustment B. development C. movement D. employment
34. A. humorous B. independent C. determined D. stubborn
35. A. rewarding B. encouraging C. astonishing D. amusing
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is one famous poem in Tang poetry, which reads: “I left home when a mere young man, and returned in old age. My native accents 36 (remain) unchanged, but my ear-lock had grown thin”. This poem 37 (apparent) shows language is not only a tool for communication, but also the indicator of people’s cultural identity. In a linguistic(语言学的) sense, dialect refers to the variety of a specific language 38 (cause) by different geographical, social and cultural contexts.
Owing 39 the vast areas and large population of China, diverse dialects can 40 (find) in this great land, such as the Wu dialect in Shanghai, Hakka and Cantonese. However, it cannot be denied that since the popularization of Putonghua in China, the importance of dialects is lowering among Chinese people. To make matters 41 (bad) , some dialects have even disappeared due to the adoption of Putonghua 42 is required in public places like schools and companies. 43 (consider) the cultural significance of dialects, nowadays both Chinese 44 (official) and common people are paying careful attention to 45 preservation of dialects because it's the treasure of Chinese culture and art.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，一批外国留学生寒假期间将来你学校附近的“Green Lake”进行野外观光活动，你受聘当临时导游。请你写一篇导游致辞，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.活动介绍；
3.预祝旅行快乐。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
In my early thirties, my career in teaching was not what I dreamed it would be. I left the job and moved in with my parents for a year while I tested out a new career.
Living with my parents proved to be an even bigger challenge than my new job. To tell the truth, it was probably harder for them than it was for me because I was a big trouble. I yelled at my mom for buying junk food and ignored my dad when he offered advice. I complained my mom never did my laundry the way I wanted and my dad never let me choose what show to watch. Instead of being grateful for their hospitality(款待), I was mean to them and most likely made them regret their offer.
“This is only for a year,” I would repeat to myself on a daily basis, sometimes hourly. Instead of living in the present, I would wish for the future and to have it all figured out. My life wasn’t what or where I wanted it to be. By this age, I expected to be firmly rooted on a career path with a huge circle of friends who liked to hang out. I did not expect to be living with my parents and starting over.
My attitude grew worse. One day when I was tearfully talking about something that was making my life miserable, my mother interrupted me. She nearly shouted, “Why don’t you just try smiling more?” I am pretty sure I laughed at her, but she went on to explain that sometimes things don’t work out the way we thought they would. “Don’t wait for things to get better,” she said. “Make them better.” I decided I was going to show my mother just how wrong she was. I would follow her ad-vice and try smiling more.
Weeks passed, and somewhere along the way, I forgot about trying to smile more as it became a habit. I worked on approaching situations with a better perspective and slowly star-ted to feel the weight on my shoulders lighten.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The second half of that year was better than the first.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I wasn’t aware that I was different, but my friend told me a simple change did appear.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英 语 （答案解析）
【答案】1-3 CDA
【解析】
1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Click on a degree program to explore what courses you take”和“For example, to earn an online health science bachelor's degree, you would take courses in public health, health communications and epidemiology(流行病学)”可知，参加在线学位项目后，你会学习相关的课程。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据表格中四所大学的申请截止日期可知，University of Georgia的截止时间为5月1日，Georgia Washington University的截止时间为6月10日，University of Arizona的截止时间为7月12日，North Carolina University的截止时间为2月15日。经过对比可知，申请截止日最迟的是University of Arizona。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据文章最后部分“To see the full ranking list, please click here.”可推知，本文最有可能在网上被读到。故选A。
【答案】4-7 BADC
【解析】
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute jog and an occasional lecture.”可知，宾州大学的同事和其他社区成员每周集结三天，进行大约30分钟的慢跑，由此可知，小组成员聚在一起是为了进行常规的跑步，故B项正确。
5．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Running at an amazing pace”可知，这个人跑的速度非常快，应该是从他们的身边疾驰而过，由此可知画线词词义为“猛冲”，故A项正确。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, trailing the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he ducked into a construction site.”及第四段中的“As the owner opened the door, the suspect darted out from behind the bush ... and right into the arms of campus police, who'd joined the chase shortly behind the runners.”等细节描写可知，众人（跑步俱乐部成员和校园警察等）合力将抢了别人电话和笔记本电脑的嫌犯抓获，故D项正确。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the thief off”可知，劫案发生后，卡西迪马上投入到对嫌犯的追捕之中，这说明他乐于助人；再根据最后一段中的“''Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat," Cassidy told The Philadelphia Inquirer. "But occasionally it can be useful, and here was one of those opportunities."”可知，卡西迪对记者说“跑步通常是一项无用的运动，你可以将脂肪细胞转化为热量，但偶尔也会有用，这就是其中一个机会”，这是一种诙谐的说法，说明他很幽默，由此可知，卡西迪既乐于助人又有幽默感，故C项正确。
【答案】8-11 CDBA
【解析】
8．主旨大意题。根据第二段中Microorganisms（微生物）capable of causing disease are called pathogens. A true pathogen is an infectious agent that causes disease in any possible host. The terms “infection” and “disease” are quite different. “能够引起疾病的微生物被称为病原体。真正的病原体是在任何可能的宿主中引起疾病的传染媒介。“感染”和“疾病”的术语是完全不同的。”由此可知，第二段讲述的是“传染病的本质。”故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段中Indirect contact occurs when a pathogen can survive the environment outside its host for a long period of time. So lifeless objects that are polluted by direct contact with the infection source may be the indirect contact for easily infected group. “当病原体能够在其宿主外的环境中存活很长一段时间的时候接触发生，因此，直接接触传染源而被污染的无生命物体可能是易感染人群的间接接触。”由此可推断，“一个生病的人用过的伞”可能通过间接接触引起疾病传播。故选D。
10．词义猜测题。根据第四段中Prevent infection before it begins and avoid spreading it to others with some easy measures, such as washing hands, getting vaccinated and so on.“在感染开始传播前预防感染，并且通过一些简单的措施，如洗手、接种疫苗等，避免传播给他人。”由此可知，Personally, the first line of defense is to keep pathogen at bay by following good personal hygiene（卫生）habits.（就我个人而言，第一道防线就是遵循良好的个人卫生习惯，远离病原体。）中的划线部分at bay的意思是远离病原体，也就是病原体“被控制住”。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Nevertheless, it is increasingly difficult for most of us to deny the claims of science. We are continually presented with great amounts of relevant scientific and medical knowledge, which encourages us to take more responsibility for our own health. “然而，我们大多数人越来越难以否认科学的断言。我们不断地接触大量相关的科学和医学知识，这鼓励我们为自己的健康承担更多的责任。”由此可知，科学在战胜传染病方面起着重要作用。故选A。
【答案】12-15 CABB
【解析】
12．细节理解题。根据文章前两段，特别是第二段“Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances.(“火星一号”已经收到了一些捐赠者的捐款，并希望从对该节目感兴趣的电视观众那里获得更多捐款。该节目中，所有申请者都要为这一难得的机会进行辩论。)”可知，火星申请者需要在电视节目中进行辩论比赛。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. (第一批殖民者的主要职责是在火星上创造一个人造环境，那里没有空气可以呼吸，也没有土地可以耕种。)”可知，第一批开拓者将需要创造地球的条件来解决火星上的基本生活问题。故选A。
14．推理判断题。文章第四段提到，对于火星殖民者来说，远离家乡，生活在狭小的空间里，反复看到同样的人也很困难。沮丧的殖民者可能会使任务陷入危险。幸运的是，几年前，俄罗斯和欧洲的一个联合项目“火星500任务”研究了人类在类火星环境中的反应。它被视为一个巨大的成功，因为科学家们能够看到人们如何处理情绪和身体压力。)”可推断，第一批开拓者的生活是不同的，但是他们的适应性强。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段、最后一段“Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists. Are you interested?”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍一家名为“火星一号”的荷兰公司刊登广告，招聘对殖民火星感兴趣的人，以及介绍在火星居住所存在的问题。所以“Ready to be Mars’ colonists?(准备好成为火星开拓者了吗?)”作为标题最为合适。故选B。
【答案】16-20 CFAGE
【解析】
16.上文提示：最近，我有幸就健康饮食问题采访了她。在采访中是有问有答的，结合下文的回答（她是这么说的：做你爱做的事，你就会爱你所做的事。），可知上文应该是对Ray进行提问。C项：After that, I asked Ray for some tips for kids.（在那之后，我问了雷一些关于孩子们的建议）符合语境。故选C。
17.根据上文“Instead, she remembers devotion to her creativity.”（相反，她记得自己对创造力的投入。）和下文“She now spends her days creating meals and sharing ideas with people from around the world.”（她现在每天都在创造美食，并与来自世界各地的人分享想法。）可知，设空处承上启下，与creativity有关。F项（这种创造力使雷制作了几部成功的电视节目）符合语境。故选F。
18.根据上文可知，当被问及每天对着镜头微笑是否很累时，雷说：不，很有趣。她认为自己的工作有趣，因此她非常喜欢自己的工作。A项（我喜欢我做的事情）符合语境。故选A。
19.根据本段标题Eat well可知，本段内容和健康饮食有关。G项（雷还认为，饮食健康可以帮
助学生状态更好，在学校表现得也更好）符合语境。故选G。
20.后面提示：比别人更努力地工作，要懂得感恩，多笑，不要对人刻薄。此处是对采访进行总结。E项（在谈话的最后，雷分享了她的成功秘诀）符合语境。故选E。
【答案】21-25 BDCDA 26-30 CDBCA 31-35 CBDBA
【解析】
21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它也是无家可归年轻人数量最多的城市之一。A. hopeless：无望的；B. homeless：无家可归的；C. powerless：无力的；D. useless：无用的。根据下文“The Purple Door Coffee Shop employs and 22 homeless young people”可知，科罗拉多州丹佛市无家可归的年轻人数量很多。故选B。
22.考查动词词义辨析。A. controls：控制；B. treats：对待，治疗；C. requires：需要，要求；D. trains：培训。根据后半句可知，这家咖啡店雇用无家可归的年轻人，提供给他们工作。工作前一定要进行培训。故选D。
23.考查名词词义辨析。A. change：改变；B. charity：慈善；C. chance：机会；D. compromise：妥协。雇用无家可归的年轻人，是想给他们一次重新开始的机会。故选C。
24.考查名词词义辨析。A. roof：房顶；B. bridge：桥；C. bank：岸，银行；D. street：街道。根据这一段“He is also working to move off the streets and into a home.”可知，Kevin Persons住在大街上很多年了。故选D。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家成立两年的非盈利机构的所有者每年雇佣三到四名年轻人。A. hire：雇用；B. fire：解雇；C. contact：联系；D. exchange：交换。根据上下文可知，店主每年雇用三到四位年轻人。故选A。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：像Kevin住的Urban Peak这样的收容中心推荐愿意工作的年轻人。A. remind：提醒，使想起；B. indicate：暗示，指示；C. recommend：推荐，建议；D. suggest：建议，暗示。此处指收容中心推荐愿意工作的年轻人。故选C。
27.考查副词词义辨析。A. accidentally：偶然地，意外地；B. proudly：骄傲地，自豪地；C. particularly：尤其；D. individually：分别地，各自地。根据下一句可知，麦迪逊·钱德勒和她的合伙人每周各自会和员工碰一次面。故选D。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们谈论的话题从心理健康、金融到客户服务。A. including：包括；B. ranging：在……范围内变化；C. spreading：传播；D. extending：延伸。range from...to...：（文章或讲话）涉及，包括。这里指他们谈话所涉及的范围。故选B。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还提供人生导师，以确保员工获得支持和技能，为他们的成功奠定基础。A. advertise：宣传；B. teach：教；C. provide：提供；D. promote：提升。根据“to make sure the workers have the 30 and skills that will set them up for success.”可知，他们还给员工请来人生导师。故选C。
30.考查名词词义辨析。A. support：支持；B. imagination：想象；C. production：生产；D. supply：提供。只有确保员工获得支持和技能，才能为他们的成功奠定基础。故选A。
31.考查动词词义辨析。A. lies：躺；B. regrets：遗憾；C. recognizes：意识到；D. claims：宣称。此处指凯文意识到提供的培训改变了自己的生活。故选C。
32.考查动词词义辨析。A. keep：保存；B. leave：离开；C. await：等候；D. recall：回忆。此处指Kevin从工作中的所学可以帮助他摆脱那种无家可归的生活。故选B。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：对麦迪逊·钱德勒来说，为这些年轻人提供就业和教育机会，帮助他们变得自信和独立是值得的。A. adjustment：调整；B. development：发展；C. movement：移动；D. employment：雇佣。根据第一段可知，Purple Door咖啡店为年轻人提供就业的机会。故选D。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。A. humorous：幽默的；B. independent：独立的；C. determined：坚定的；D. stubborn：倔强的，固执的。根据空前面的confident以及后面一句中的“helping them achieve a life for themselves that they have dreamed of”可知选B。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她工作中最有意义的部分是帮助他们实现自己梦想的生活。A. rewarding：值得的，有意义的；B. encouraging：鼓舞人心的；C. astonishing：令人吃惊的；D. amusing：有趣的。帮助无家可归的年轻人实现自己梦想的生活，这是很有意义的一件事。故选A。
【答案】
36. remained 37. apparently 38. caused 39. to 40. be found
41. worse 42. which/that 43. Considering 44. officials 45. the
【解析】
36.考查动词时态。句意：我的口音没有改变，但我的鬓发变薄了。根据left和returned可知，空处使用一般过去时。故填remained。
37.考查副词。句意：这首诗显然表明，语言不仅是交际的工具，也是人们文化身份的标志。空处修饰动词shows，需用副词作状语。故填apparently。
38.考查非谓语动词。句意：从语言学意义上讲，方言是指因地理、社会、文化背景的不同而导致的特定语言的变化。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词refers to，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，language和cause为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填caused。
39.考查介词。句意：中国幅员辽阔，人口众多，有上海吴话、客家话、广东话等多种方言。owing to为固定短语，意为“由于”。故填to。
40.考查被动语态。can为情态动词，后面需加动词原形，dialects和find为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填be found。
41.考查固定短语。句意：更糟糕的是，由于学校和公司等公共场所要求使用普通话，一些方言甚至消失了。to make matters worse为固定短语，意为：更糟糕的是。故填worse。
42.考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是Putonghua，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
43.考查非谓语动词。句意：从方言的文化意义来看，方言是中国文化艺术的瑰宝，无论是中国的官员还是老百姓都十分重视对方言的保护。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词“are paying careful attention to”，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，“both Chinese 69 (official) and common people”和consider为主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Considering。
44.考查名词。official为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填officials。
45.考查冠词。此处对preservation of dialects进行特指，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
【范文】
Hello, everyone. I’m Li Hua, your tour guide. Welcome to Green Lake. I will accompany you to enjoy a feast of beautiful scenery as well as some meaningful activities. First, we’ll take a boat to a big island in the lake, where we will visit the local fisherman’s houses and do bird watching or collect some local plants. After the lunch we will invite some local students to join us in a party, in which we’ll share our trip experiences.
I wish you a pleasant tour!
【范文】
The second half of that year was better than the first. It was still a challenge to be living with my
parents at age 33. But it was definitely better. I started noticing the birds singing and appreciating nature for what felt like the first time. Smiling lifted the cloud that had hung over me for years. I bought my own place and realized I had begun to love my job. I made friends at work, and started to feel like I had purpose and drive.
I wasn’t aware that I was different, but my friend told me a simple change did appear. I once asked one of my friends what I was different from. He said that I was always happy and smiling. At that moment, my mother’s suggestion rushed back to me: “Why don’t you just try smiling more?” That simple advice, which I had initially fought so hard against, changed me. Now I smile every morning, and I do see a big difference in my life.
此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
绝密 ★ 启用前
吉林省松原市乾安县
2020-2021学年度高二下学期期末测试卷
英语试卷
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Online Bachelor’s Degrees and Programs
The overview
Colleges offer online degrees in a range of fields. Click on a degree program to explore what courses you take, how long the program takes to complete, career options and average salary. For example, to earn an online health science bachelor's degree, you would take courses in public health, health communications and epidemiology(流行病学).
The benefits
Pursuing an accredited(官方认可的)online bachelor's degree can help you take the next step in your career. Through your program, you'll attend online lectures, study from home manage a busy schedule and interact virtually with professors and classmates.
The applicants
An online college degree may appeal to those who want more flexibility in completing their education, or who want to take classes while working full time or parenting. Choosing where to register online will likely be challenging, but below you'll find tools, advice and other resources to make your search easier.
Best online bachelor's programs
U. S. News evaluated several factors to rank the best online bachelor's degree programs, including graduation rates and support services available remotely.
School name
Tuition per credit
Application deadline
Financial aid available
University of Georgia
$ 326
May 1
Yes
Georgia Washington University
$ 615
June 10
No
University of Arizona
$ 525
July 12
Yes
North Carolina University
$ 900
February 15
Yes
To see the full ranking list, please click here.
1．What will you do after attending online degree programs?
A．Get a degree for free. B．Attend lectures in a hall.
C．Take some related courses. D．Talk with teachers face to face.
2．Which university is the last one to end the application?
A．Georgia Washington University. B．University of Georgia.
C．North Carolina University. D．University of Arizona.
3．Where are you likely to read the text?
A．On the Internet. B．In a magazine.
C．In a textbook. D．In a newspaper.
B
Kyle Cassidy and three other members of the Annenberg Running Group were stretching on the grounds of the University of Pennsylvania, waiting for a few latecomers. The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute jog and an occasional lecture. That's right― during some runs, one of them delivers a talk. Topics range from the brain to Bitcoin.
But on this day last January, it would not be their normal run. The first clue that something was off was the man who sprinted past them. "Running at an amazing pace," Cassidy told Runner's World admiringly. Cassidy discovered why the sprinter was so fleet of foot when another man ran by, yelling, “Help! He took my phone and laptop!"
At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, trailing the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he ducked into a construction site. The runners split up. Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the thief off while the others wandered the neighborhood hoping he had dumped the loot（赃物）in a backyard.
No luck. So they decided to ask residents whether they'd seen the guy. When they knocked on the door of one row house, they were in for a surprise. Unknown to them, he had already emerged from the construction site—and was hiding behind a bush by that very house. As the owner opened the door, the suspect darted out from behind the bush ... and right into the arms of campus police, who'd joined the chase shortly behind the runners.
The members of this running group are not hard-core athletes. But they do understand the benefit of a little exercise. “Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat,” Cassidy told The Philadelphia Inquirer. “But occasionally it can be useful, and here was one of those opportunities.”
4．Why do the group members gather together?
A．To do some stretching. B．To have a regular run.
C．To deliver a lecture. D．To cover some topics.
5．What does the underlined word “sprinted” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Dashed. B．Pushed.
C．Jumped. D．Escaped.
6．We can infer that the success of the chase is mainly due to____ .
A．the assistance of the runners B．the owner of the row house
C．the campus police on patrol D．the joint efforts of the people
7．Which of the following best describes Cassidy?
A．Athletic and generous. B．Courageous and ambitious.
C．Helpful and humorous. D．Thoughtful and demanding.
C
An infectious disease is a disease that is caused by the invasion of a host by pathogens（病原体）whose activities harm the host’s tissues and can be spread to other individuals.
Microorganisms（微生物）capable of causing disease are called pathogens. A true pathogen is an infectious agent that causes disease in any possible host. The terms “infection” and “disease” are quite different. In order to cause disease, pathogens must be able to enter the host body, stick to specific host cells, invade and multiply and do damage to host tissues.
Pathogens may be spread through either direct or indirect contact. Direct contact occurs when an individual is infected by contact with the infection source. It also includes taking in the infectious droplets released by sneezing or coughing. Indirect contact occurs when a pathogen can survive the environment outside its host for a long period of time. So lifeless objects that are polluted by direct contact with the infection source may be the indirect contact for easily infected group.
Public health measures typically involve killing the pathogen from its source or from its route of spread. Those measures include ensuring a safe water supply, effectively treating waste water, and initiating animal control and vaccination（疫苗）programs, etc. Personally, the first line of defense is to keep pathogen at bay by following good personal hygiene（卫生）habits. Prevent infection before it begins and avoid spreading it to others with some easy measures, such as washing hands, getting vaccinated and so on.
Man never stops fighting against all kinds of infectious diseases. But in the past two decades at least a dozen “new” disease have been identified, and traditional diseases that appeared to be “on their way out” are re-emerging. Globally, infectious diseases remain the leading cause of death. Clearly, the ballet has not been won. Nevertheless, it is increasingly difficult for most of us to deny the claims of science. We are continually presented with great amounts of relevant scientific and medical knowledge, which encourages us to take more responsibility for our own health.
8．What’s the main idea of paragraph2?
A. Origin of true pathogens.
B. Strategies for avoiding tissue damage.
C. Nature of infectious diseases.
D. Differences between infection and disease.
9．What is likely to cause disease spread through indirect contact?
A．Breathing in tiny drops from coughing
B．Embracing an infected person.
C．Getting bitten by an infected cat.
D．Using umbrella a sick man used.
10．What does the underlined phrase “at bay” in paragragh 4 mean?
A．At risk. C．Under control.
B．Stay away. D．Within reach.
11．What can we infer about the last paragraph?
A．Science plays an important in defeating infectious diseases.
B．Man is at a loss about infectious diseases.
C．Traditional infectious diseases are dying out.
D．The battle against infectious diseases is in vain.
D
If you think you’d like to live on Mars, you may have that possibility by 2023. A Dutch company called Mars One will soon advertise for people interested in colonizing (开拓) Mars. If you have all the necessary skills, you could be one of the first colonists. Are you ready for the challenge?
You won’t have to pay for the mission to Mars. Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances.
The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. Scientists know it’s quite possible because something similar has already been done in Antarctica.
Another problem is that space travel to Mars takes nearly a year to get to Mars and the colonists will live the rest of their lives there. When a human lives in an environment without gravity or with low gravity for a long time, the systems in the body weaken. Luckily, spinning (旋转) the spaceship can create artificial gravity, and artificial gravity can ease these problems. It will also be difficult for Mars colonists to be far from home, living in small spaces, and seeing the same people over and over. Colonists with depression could put the mission in danger. Fortunately, a few years ago, a joint Russian and European project called the Mars500 Mission studied people’s reactions in a Mars-like environment. It is viewed as a great success because scientists were able to see how people handle emotional and physical stresses.
Recent studies show that seven percent of people would want to go on such an adventure.
Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists. Are you interested?
12．What do we know about the applicants to Mars from the first two paragraphs?
A．They will land on Mars in 2023.
B．They can get money from donors.
C．They will compete in a TV show.
D．They do not need special skills.
13．What will the first colonists do to solve the basic living problems on Mars?
A．Create earth-like conditions.
B．Build labs in Antarctica.
C．Spin the spaceship.
D．Start the Mars500 Mission.
14．What can the life of the first colonists be like according to the passage?
A．Difficult and dangerous.
B．Different but adaptable.
C．Challenging and unbearable .
D．Acceptable but depressing.
15．What’s the best title for the text?
A．Mars: our final destination?
B．Ready to be Mars’ colonists?
C．Space travel: a thrilling adventure?
D．Are you a qualified Mars astronaut?
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Rachael Ray is known as a famous chef, magazine publisher, and creator of her own pet food. Recently, I was lucky to interview her about healthy eating. 16 . Here is what she said: Do what you love, and you’ll love what you do.
Ray didn’t spend her childhood dreaming of becoming a star. Instead, she remembers devotion to her creativity. “I didn’t say, ‘When I grow up, I want to be this or that.’ But I loved to read, draw, and be in the kitchen and around food.” 17 . She now spends her days creating meals and sharing ideas with people from around the world. When asked if it was exhausting to smile for the cameras every day, Ray said, “No, it’s fun. 18 .”
Eat well
Ray believes that kids should understand the need for healthy food choices. “Eating well just makes you a happier person,” she said. Ray shows people how to prepare healthy versions of any food in the world, from hamburgers to pizza to hot dogs to French fries. 19 .
Read a lot
I asked Ray if she had a favorite children’s book, and she named two: The Casual Observer by Elizabeth Whitson and The Stinky Cheese Man and Other Fairly Stupid Tales by Jon Scieszka and Lane Smith.
20 : “Work harder than everybody else, be grateful, always try to laugh more than you cry, and don’t be mean to people.”
A. I love what I do
B. Eating good food helps me keep healthy
C. After that, I asked Ray for some tips for kids
D. I know it is hard for her to accept my interview
E. Ray ended our conversation by sharing her recipe for success
F. This creativity led Ray to produce several successful television shows
G. Ray also believes that eating good food can help students feel better and do well in school
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Denver, Colorado is one of the fastest growing cities in America. It also has one of the biggest populations of 21 young people. A Denver coffee shop is seeking to solve the problem. The Purple Door Coffee Shop employs and 22 homeless young people, giving them a second 23 to make a new start.
For many years, Kevin Persons lived on the 24 . Today, he is working in a bar, serving coffee. He is also working to move off the streets and into a home.
The owners of the two-year-old nonprofit 25 three to four young adults per year. Shelters such as Urban Peak, where Kevin was staying, 26 young people who are ready to commit to working.
Madison Chandler, co-founder of Purple Door, and her partner meet with their workers 27 each week. They talk about topics 28 from mental health, finance to customer service. They also 49 a life coach to make sure the workers have the 30 and skills that will set them up for success.
Kevin 31 that he is learning what he needs to 32 the struggles of homelessness and live a full life.
For Madison Chandler, providing these young adults with 33 and education and helping them become confident and 34 is worthwhile. The most 35 part of her job is helping them achieve a life for themselves that they have dreamed of.
21. A. hopeless B. homeless C. powerless D. useless
22. A. controls B. treats C. requires D. trains
23. A. change B. charity C. chance D. compromise
24. A. roof B. bridge C. bank D. street
25. A. hire B. fire C. contact D. exchange
26. A. remind B. indicate C. recommend D. suggest
27. A. accidentally B. proudly C. particularly D. individually
28. A. including B. ranging C. spreading D. extending
29. A. advertise B. teach C. provide D. promote
30. A. support B. imagination C. production D. supply
31. A. lies B. regrets C. recognizes D. claims
32. A. keep B. leave C. await D. recall
33. A. adjustment B. development C. movement D. employment
34. A. humorous B. independent C. determined D. stubborn
35. A. rewarding B. encouraging C. astonishing D. amusing
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is one famous poem in Tang poetry, which reads: “I left home when a mere young man, and returned in old age. My native accents 36 (remain) unchanged, but my ear-lock had grown thin”. This poem 37 (apparent) shows language is not only a tool for communication, but also the indicator of people’s cultural identity. In a linguistic(语言学的) sense, dialect refers to the variety of a specific language 38 (cause) by different geographical, social and cultural contexts.
Owing 39 the vast areas and large population of China, diverse dialects can 40 (find) in this great land, such as the Wu dialect in Shanghai, Hakka and Cantonese. However, it cannot be denied that since the popularization of Putonghua in China, the importance of dialects is lowering among Chinese people. To make matters 41 (bad) , some dialects have even disappeared due to the adoption of Putonghua 42 is required in public places like schools and companies. 43 (consider) the cultural significance of dialects, nowadays both Chinese 44 (official) and common people are paying careful attention to 45 preservation of dialects because it's the treasure of Chinese culture and art.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，一批外国留学生寒假期间将来你学校附近的“Green Lake”进行野外观光活动，你受聘当临时导游。请你写一篇导游致辞，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.活动介绍；
3.预祝旅行快乐。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
In my early thirties, my career in teaching was not what I dreamed it would be. I left the job and moved in with my parents for a year while I tested out a new career.
Living with my parents proved to be an even bigger challenge than my new job. To tell the truth, it was probably harder for them than it was for me because I was a big trouble. I yelled at my mom for buying junk food and ignored my dad when he offered advice. I complained my mom never did my laundry the way I wanted and my dad never let me choose what show to watch. Instead of being grateful for their hospitality(款待), I was mean to them and most likely made them regret their offer.
“This is only for a year,” I would repeat to myself on a daily basis, sometimes hourly. Instead of living in the present, I would wish for the future and to have it all figured out. My life wasn’t what or where I wanted it to be. By this age, I expected to be firmly rooted on a career path with a huge circle of friends who liked to hang out. I did not expect to be living with my parents and starting over.
My attitude grew worse. One day when I was tearfully talking about something that was making my life miserable, my mother interrupted me. She nearly shouted, “Why don’t you just try smiling more?” I am pretty sure I laughed at her, but she went on to explain that sometimes things don’t work out the way we thought they would. “Don’t wait for things to get better,” she said. “Make them better.” I decided I was going to show my mother just how wrong she was. I would follow her ad-vice and try smiling more.
Weeks passed, and somewhere along the way, I forgot about trying to smile more as it became a habit. I worked on approaching situations with a better perspective and slowly star-ted to feel the weight on my shoulders lighten.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The second half of that year was better than the first.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I wasn’t aware that I was different, but my friend told me a simple change did appear.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英 语 （答案解析）
【答案】1-3 CDA
【解析】
1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Click on a degree program to explore what courses you take”和“For example, to earn an online health science bachelor's degree, you would take courses in public health, health communications and epidemiology(流行病学)”可知，参加在线学位项目后，你会学习相关的课程。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据表格中四所大学的申请截止日期可知，University of Georgia的截止时间为5月1日，Georgia Washington University的截止时间为6月10日，University of Arizona的截止时间为7月12日，North Carolina University的截止时间为2月15日。经过对比可知，申请截止日最迟的是University of Arizona。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据文章最后部分“To see the full ranking list, please click here.”可推知，本文最有可能在网上被读到。故选A。
【答案】4-7 BADC
【解析】
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute jog and an occasional lecture.”可知，宾州大学的同事和其他社区成员每周集结三天，进行大约30分钟的慢跑，由此可知，小组成员聚在一起是为了进行常规的跑步，故B项正确。
5．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Running at an amazing pace”可知，这个人跑的速度非常快，应该是从他们的身边疾驰而过，由此可知画线词词义为“猛冲”，故A项正确。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, trailing the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he ducked into a construction site.”及第四段中的“As the owner opened the door, the suspect darted out from behind the bush ... and right into the arms of campus police, who'd joined the chase shortly behind the runners.”等细节描写可知，众人（跑步俱乐部成员和校园警察等）合力将抢了别人电话和笔记本电脑的嫌犯抓获，故D项正确。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the thief off”可知，劫案发生后，卡西迪马上投入到对嫌犯的追捕之中，这说明他乐于助人；再根据最后一段中的“''Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat," Cassidy told The Philadelphia Inquirer. "But occasionally it can be useful, and here was one of those opportunities."”可知，卡西迪对记者说“跑步通常是一项无用的运动，你可以将脂肪细胞转化为热量，但偶尔也会有用，这就是其中一个机会”，这是一种诙谐的说法，说明他很幽默，由此可知，卡西迪既乐于助人又有幽默感，故C项正确。
【答案】8-11 CDBA
【解析】
8．主旨大意题。根据第二段中Microorganisms（微生物）capable of causing disease are called pathogens. A true pathogen is an infectious agent that causes disease in any possible host. The terms “infection” and “disease” are quite different. “能够引起疾病的微生物被称为病原体。真正的病原体是在任何可能的宿主中引起疾病的传染媒介。“感染”和“疾病”的术语是完全不同的。”由此可知，第二段讲述的是“传染病的本质。”故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段中Indirect contact occurs when a pathogen can survive the environment outside its host for a long period of time. So lifeless objects that are polluted by direct contact with the infection source may be the indirect contact for easily infected group. “当病原体能够在其宿主外的环境中存活很长一段时间的时候接触发生，因此，直接接触传染源而被污染的无生命物体可能是易感染人群的间接接触。”由此可推断，“一个生病的人用过的伞”可能通过间接接触引起疾病传播。故选D。
10．词义猜测题。根据第四段中Prevent infection before it begins and avoid spreading it to others with some easy measures, such as washing hands, getting vaccinated and so on.“在感染开始传播前预防感染，并且通过一些简单的措施，如洗手、接种疫苗等，避免传播给他人。”由此可知，Personally, the first line of defense is to keep pathogen at bay by following good personal hygiene（卫生）habits.（就我个人而言，第一道防线就是遵循良好的个人卫生习惯，远离病原体。）中的划线部分at bay的意思是远离病原体，也就是病原体“被控制住”。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Nevertheless, it is increasingly difficult for most of us to deny the claims of science. We are continually presented with great amounts of relevant scientific and medical knowledge, which encourages us to take more responsibility for our own health. “然而，我们大多数人越来越难以否认科学的断言。我们不断地接触大量相关的科学和医学知识，这鼓励我们为自己的健康承担更多的责任。”由此可知，科学在战胜传染病方面起着重要作用。故选A。
【答案】12-15 CABB
【解析】
12．细节理解题。根据文章前两段，特别是第二段“Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances.(“火星一号”已经收到了一些捐赠者的捐款，并希望从对该节目感兴趣的电视观众那里获得更多捐款。该节目中，所有申请者都要为这一难得的机会进行辩论。)”可知，火星申请者需要在电视节目中进行辩论比赛。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. (第一批殖民者的主要职责是在火星上创造一个人造环境，那里没有空气可以呼吸，也没有土地可以耕种。)”可知，第一批开拓者将需要创造地球的条件来解决火星上的基本生活问题。故选A。
14．推理判断题。文章第四段提到，对于火星殖民者来说，远离家乡，生活在狭小的空间里，反复看到同样的人也很困难。沮丧的殖民者可能会使任务陷入危险。幸运的是，几年前，俄罗斯和欧洲的一个联合项目“火星500任务”研究了人类在类火星环境中的反应。它被视为一个巨大的成功，因为科学家们能够看到人们如何处理情绪和身体压力。)”可推断，第一批开拓者的生活是不同的，但是他们的适应性强。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段、最后一段“Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists. Are you interested?”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍一家名为“火星一号”的荷兰公司刊登广告，招聘对殖民火星感兴趣的人，以及介绍在火星居住所存在的问题。所以“Ready to be Mars’ colonists?(准备好成为火星开拓者了吗?)”作为标题最为合适。故选B。
【答案】16-20 CFAGE
【解析】
16.上文提示：最近，我有幸就健康饮食问题采访了她。在采访中是有问有答的，结合下文的回答（她是这么说的：做你爱做的事，你就会爱你所做的事。），可知上文应该是对Ray进行提问。C项：After that, I asked Ray for some tips for kids.（在那之后，我问了雷一些关于孩子们的建议）符合语境。故选C。
17.根据上文“Instead, she remembers devotion to her creativity.”（相反，她记得自己对创造力的投入。）和下文“She now spends her days creating meals and sharing ideas with people from around the world.”（她现在每天都在创造美食，并与来自世界各地的人分享想法。）可知，设空处承上启下，与creativity有关。F项（这种创造力使雷制作了几部成功的电视节目）符合语境。故选F。
18.根据上文可知，当被问及每天对着镜头微笑是否很累时，雷说：不，很有趣。她认为自己的工作有趣，因此她非常喜欢自己的工作。A项（我喜欢我做的事情）符合语境。故选A。
19.根据本段标题Eat well可知，本段内容和健康饮食有关。G项（雷还认为，饮食健康可以帮
助学生状态更好，在学校表现得也更好）符合语境。故选G。
20.后面提示：比别人更努力地工作，要懂得感恩，多笑，不要对人刻薄。此处是对采访进行总结。E项（在谈话的最后，雷分享了她的成功秘诀）符合语境。故选E。
【答案】21-25 BDCDA 26-30 CDBCA 31-35 CBDBA
【解析】
21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它也是无家可归年轻人数量最多的城市之一。A. hopeless：无望的；B. homeless：无家可归的；C. powerless：无力的；D. useless：无用的。根据下文“The Purple Door Coffee Shop employs and 22 homeless young people”可知，科罗拉多州丹佛市无家可归的年轻人数量很多。故选B。
22.考查动词词义辨析。A. controls：控制；B. treats：对待，治疗；C. requires：需要，要求；D. trains：培训。根据后半句可知，这家咖啡店雇用无家可归的年轻人，提供给他们工作。工作前一定要进行培训。故选D。
23.考查名词词义辨析。A. change：改变；B. charity：慈善；C. chance：机会；D. compromise：妥协。雇用无家可归的年轻人，是想给他们一次重新开始的机会。故选C。
24.考查名词词义辨析。A. roof：房顶；B. bridge：桥；C. bank：岸，银行；D. street：街道。根据这一段“He is also working to move off the streets and into a home.”可知，Kevin Persons住在大街上很多年了。故选D。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家成立两年的非盈利机构的所有者每年雇佣三到四名年轻人。A. hire：雇用；B. fire：解雇；C. contact：联系；D. exchange：交换。根据上下文可知，店主每年雇用三到四位年轻人。故选A。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：像Kevin住的Urban Peak这样的收容中心推荐愿意工作的年轻人。A. remind：提醒，使想起；B. indicate：暗示，指示；C. recommend：推荐，建议；D. suggest：建议，暗示。此处指收容中心推荐愿意工作的年轻人。故选C。
27.考查副词词义辨析。A. accidentally：偶然地，意外地；B. proudly：骄傲地，自豪地；C. particularly：尤其；D. individually：分别地，各自地。根据下一句可知，麦迪逊·钱德勒和她的合伙人每周各自会和员工碰一次面。故选D。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们谈论的话题从心理健康、金融到客户服务。A. including：包括；B. ranging：在……范围内变化；C. spreading：传播；D. extending：延伸。range from...to...：（文章或讲话）涉及，包括。这里指他们谈话所涉及的范围。故选B。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还提供人生导师，以确保员工获得支持和技能，为他们的成功奠定基础。A. advertise：宣传；B. teach：教；C. provide：提供；D. promote：提升。根据“to make sure the workers have the 30 and skills that will set them up for success.”可知，他们还给员工请来人生导师。故选C。
30.考查名词词义辨析。A. support：支持；B. imagination：想象；C. production：生产；D. supply：提供。只有确保员工获得支持和技能，才能为他们的成功奠定基础。故选A。
31.考查动词词义辨析。A. lies：躺；B. regrets：遗憾；C. recognizes：意识到；D. claims：宣称。此处指凯文意识到提供的培训改变了自己的生活。故选C。
32.考查动词词义辨析。A. keep：保存；B. leave：离开；C. await：等候；D. recall：回忆。此处指Kevin从工作中的所学可以帮助他摆脱那种无家可归的生活。故选B。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：对麦迪逊·钱德勒来说，为这些年轻人提供就业和教育机会，帮助他们变得自信和独立是值得的。A. adjustment：调整；B. development：发展；C. movement：移动；D. employment：雇佣。根据第一段可知，Purple Door咖啡店为年轻人提供就业的机会。故选D。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。A. humorous：幽默的；B. independent：独立的；C. determined：坚定的；D. stubborn：倔强的，固执的。根据空前面的confident以及后面一句中的“helping them achieve a life for themselves that they have dreamed of”可知选B。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她工作中最有意义的部分是帮助他们实现自己梦想的生活。A. rewarding：值得的，有意义的；B. encouraging：鼓舞人心的；C. astonishing：令人吃惊的；D. amusing：有趣的。帮助无家可归的年轻人实现自己梦想的生活，这是很有意义的一件事。故选A。
【答案】
36. remained 37. apparently 38. caused 39. to 40. be found
41. worse 42. which/that 43. Considering 44. officials 45. the
【解析】
36.考查动词时态。句意：我的口音没有改变，但我的鬓发变薄了。根据left和returned可知，空处使用一般过去时。故填remained。
37.考查副词。句意：这首诗显然表明，语言不仅是交际的工具，也是人们文化身份的标志。空处修饰动词shows，需用副词作状语。故填apparently。
38.考查非谓语动词。句意：从语言学意义上讲，方言是指因地理、社会、文化背景的不同而导致的特定语言的变化。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词refers to，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，language和cause为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填caused。
39.考查介词。句意：中国幅员辽阔，人口众多，有上海吴话、客家话、广东话等多种方言。owing to为固定短语，意为“由于”。故填to。
40.考查被动语态。can为情态动词，后面需加动词原形，dialects和find为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填be found。
41.考查固定短语。句意：更糟糕的是，由于学校和公司等公共场所要求使用普通话，一些方言甚至消失了。to make matters worse为固定短语，意为：更糟糕的是。故填worse。
42.考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是Putonghua，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
43.考查非谓语动词。句意：从方言的文化意义来看，方言是中国文化艺术的瑰宝，无论是中国的官员还是老百姓都十分重视对方言的保护。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词“are paying careful attention to”，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，“both Chinese 69 (official) and common people”和consider为主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Considering。
44.考查名词。official为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填officials。
45.考查冠词。此处对preservation of dialects进行特指，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
【范文】
Hello, everyone. I’m Li Hua, your tour guide. Welcome to Green Lake. I will accompany you to enjoy a feast of beautiful scenery as well as some meaningful activities. First, we’ll take a boat to a big island in the lake, where we will visit the local fisherman’s houses and do bird watching or collect some local plants. After the lunch we will invite some local students to join us in a party, in which we’ll share our trip experiences.
I wish you a pleasant tour!
【范文】
The second half of that year was better than the first. It was still a challenge to be living with my
parents at age 33. But it was definitely better. I started noticing the birds singing and appreciating nature for what felt like the first time. Smiling lifted the cloud that had hung over me for years. I bought my own place and realized I had begun to love my job. I made friends at work, and started to feel like I had purpose and drive.
I wasn’t aware that I was different, but my friend told me a simple change did appear. I once asked one of my friends what I was different from. He said that I was always happy and smiling. At that moment, my mother’s suggestion rushed back to me: “Why don’t you just try smiling more?” That simple advice, which I had initially fought so hard against, changed me. Now I smile every morning, and I do see a big difference in my life.
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