高考英语阅读理解分类训练：饮食类

这是一份高考英语阅读理解分类训练：饮食类，共23页。
Accrding t Shimpei Takeshita, President f Sanatech Seed and Chief Innvatin Officer f Pineer EcScience, the exclusive distributr f the tmat, the cmpany was given permissin t cmmercialize the genetically changed Sicilian Ruge High GABA variety last December, and cntract farmers wh have been grwing them ever since. Nw, the tmates are ready t hit stre shelves.
“At first, we gt mixed reactins t genme- edited fds, and we thught it wuld be difficult t bring them t market as they’re nt fully understd by cnsumers,” Tatsu Takeshita, chair f Sanatech Seed tld NHK. “But the tmates earned a gd name frm thse wh tk part in the trials.”
A Japanese health ministry cmmittee gave Sanatech Seed permissin t cmmercialize the new tmat variety. They prvided ntificatin and the startup plans t ship each package f tmates with a sticker that says “imprved using genme-editing technlgy”.
Unlike genetically mdified fds, genme-edited plant varieties are cnsidered just as safe as varieties imprved using traditinal methds because n utside gene is intrduced during the prcess.
Sanatech Seed has already started accepting nline rders fr Sicilian Ruge High GABA tmates. A 3-kilgram bx f tmates will reprtedly cst 7,500 yen. That’s a lt f mney fr tmates.
1．What d we knw abut Sicilian Ruge High GABA?
A．It is beneficial t ur health.B．It can prmte tmates’ utput.
C．It cntains high level f nutritin.D．It can make peple energetic.
2．Wh permitted the new tmates int the market?
A．President f the Sanatech Seed Cmpany,B．The University f Tsukuba, Tky.
C．A Japanese health ministry cmmittee.D．Chair f Tatsu Takeshita Cmpany.
3．Hw is the genme-edited plant regarded?
A．Harmful.B．Easy.C．Traditinal.D．Secure.
4．What is the writer’s attitude t Sicilian Ruge High GABA?
A．Curius.B．Subjective.C．Dissatisfied.D．Objective.
Mlecular gastrnmy is nthing new. The art f breaking dwn a dish int its individual parts has been arund fr many years. Yu see it mst cmmnly n cking shws as the “decnstructed frms f ppular meals. Fr example, a decnstructed Lasagna might cnsist f tmat sup, cheese curds, and tiny pieces f pasta — they’re all the parts that make up a lasagna, separated and presented n their wn. As a cking methd, mlecular gastrnmy’s meant t take familiar tastes and present them in a new and adventurus way using special equipment and techniques. It’s expensive and time-cnsuming, but des present a unique dining experience that is impssible t recreate at hme. Sme ingredients are prepared thrugh freeze-drying r dehydratin — it’s very different frm baking a laf f bread r a cake.
French chemist Herve This believes instead f using traditinal ingredients t add flavrs, we’ll use their chemical cmpunds t recreate thse flavrs in ther fds. “In 2050,” he said, “there will be many mre peple n Earth. This means getting enugh prtein will becme a prblem and the slutin will prbably be plant r insect prteins. We need expertise t ck these new ingredients. We are slwly intrducing them s the public can use them. This is nte by nte cking.”
His argument causes cncern: mst peple, used t prteins frm meat r plants, are ging t feel uneasy abut the new surces. He als shws that the “clean label” mvement is harmful t ur diets. The idea behind it is a mve twards shrter ingredient lists with familiar ingredients. While there are chemical cmpunds in fd that can d us harm, it has led t the public fearing unfamiliar terms n the back f the package. “Take citric acid fr example. It is in lemn, s what’s the prblem?” he asks.
Whether yu agree r disagree, it will take mlecular gastrnmy sme time t truly take ver the entire wrld. Cking, n matter the methd, is a frm f chemistry. It makes sense t advance it alngside the ther sciences. S, while pizza wn’t be delivered flash-frzen r dehydrated any time sn, it may ne day in the nt-t-distant future.
5．Why is the decnstructed lasagna mentined in paragraph 1?
A．T encurage peple t ck at hme.
B．T make mlecular gastrnmy easy t understand.
C．T shw hw peple can have a pleasant dining experience.
D．T explain hw mlecular gastrnmy is applied in practice.
6．What has caused a need fr nte by nte cking accrding t Herve This?
A．The serius lack f expert cks.
B．The grwing ppulatin f the wrld.
C．The public’s easy acceptance f plant prteins.
D．The public’s reduced interest in traditinal ingredients.
7．What can we knw abut the “clean label” mvement?
A．It is envirnment-friendly.B．It leads t peple ging n a diet.
C．It can mislead peple smetimes.D．It has caused peple lts f truble.
8．What is the authr’s attitude twards mlecular gastrnmy?
A．Carefree.B．Dubtful.C．Wrried.D．Psitive.
Beer seldm lasts lng, and smetimes there is can r bttle leftver after a party. When this ccurs, the leftver can be used in a variety f ways, many f which mst peple wuld never think f.
Beer is a surprisingly gd wd furniture plish. Let a can f beer g cmpletely stale（不新 鲜）and pur a little nt a sft clth. Plish yur furniture with the clth and fllw up with a dry clth. Yu will be amazed at hw shiny yur furniture will end up lking.
The slug（蛞蝓虫）is a terrible pest in the garden， particularly if yu are grwing plants fr eating. Instead f using chemicals n yur vegetables, bury a small cup in the garden and pur fresh beer in it. The slugs will be attracted t the smell, get drunk and drwn. Be sure t refresh the beer daily, and yu wuld have a cup full f slugs and healthy-lking cabbages.
Bees are als attracted by the smell f beer, s try putting a few pen beer cans arund the yard at yur BBQ and yu can enjy BBQ in a nature-like garden. Obviusly yu shuld put the cans away frm where peple will be sitting r standing, and make sure that n ne decides t drink frm ne f the cans when they are drunk-it will result in a very unpleasant situatin.
Beer is als an excellent skin cnditiner. If yu want t have a lng bath, pur a gd can f dark beer int the water in advance. This is a nice substitute t salt which sftens water. Als if yu have a stmach upset, slwly drinking a can f beer can help t settle it dwn. The alchl in the beer can help t ease the pain.
9．Frm the first paragraph we knw that .
A．beer can have a lng quality guarantee peridB．peple ften make leftver when drinking beer
C．mst peple ignre the use f the beer leftverD．beer cans r bttles can be recycled in many ways
10．Taking the example f the tw insects, the authr tries t tell us .
A．sme insects prefer the smell f fresh beer
B．the beer in pen cans can be mre attractive t insects
C．slugs and bees can be harmful t picnickers
D．puring sme beer n plants can drive insects away
11．The authr believes that dark beer can .
A．help sften waterB．be used t replace salt
C．prevent stmachache happeningD．ease the pain after drinking alchl
12．What des the passage mainly tell us?
A．Plish yur furniture with beer.B．Imprve yur garden with beer.
C．Try t drink beer in a healthy way.D．Learn t make the mst f beer.
Tea is an imprtant part f Chinese traditin. Tea has very clse relatinship t Chinese culture.
It is said that Chinese tea was discvered by King Shen Nng. Peple say that he lived 5,000 years ag. One summer day, while he was visiting a faraway part f his cuntry, he felt very thirsty. The servants began t make water ht enugh t turn int gas fr him t drink. Dried leaves frm a near plant fell int the water. The king drank sme, and fund it culd make him feel less tried. Als as a scientist, Shen Nng was interested in the new drink. And s, tea was created in 2737 BC．
Drinking tea has many advantages. It makes peple feel less tired, clears heat inside the human bdy and helps peple lse weight. As yu add a cup f tea t yur daily life, please check the fllwing helpful advice.
Drink it ht. Tea xidizes(氧化) quickly, s it is suggested that yu drink it ht.
D nt drink t much strng tea. It will prbably be harmful t yur stmach and make yu feel sick if yu make the tea t strng.The best time t drink tea is between meals. It may nt make yu have a strng wish t eat when yur stmach is full.
D nt drink with medicine. It many change the medical result. Yu can drink tea tw hurs after yu take medicine.
Green tea is the best chice fr ffice wrkers. Why? Because green tea helps stp the bad result f the cmputer.
13．Paragraph 2 is mainly abut __________.
A．when King Shen Nng lived
B．where Chinese tea was created
C．Hw Chinese tea was discvered
D．why King Shen Nng drank tea
14．Drinking tea has lts f advantages EXCEPT __________.
A．help yu lse weightB．letting yu feel less tired
C．having a strng wish fr fdD．clearing heat inside yur bdy
15．Mr. Smith is a cmputer teacher. He’d better drink __________.
A．Green teaB．black teaC．strng teaD．cffee with milk
16．What can we infer(推断) frm the passage?
A．Dn’t drink t much strng tea.
B．Nt all ffice wrkers drink green tea
C．Tea is cnnected with Chinese culture clsely.
D．King Shen Nng lved creating new things
17．The passage is mainly written t ______.
A．let us knw tea was discvered
B．give sme advice drinking tea
C．tell peple the histry f tea
D．advise peple t drink green tea
There is mre f a cnnectin between fd and culture than yu may think. On an individual level, we grw up eating the fd f ur culture. It becmes a part f wh we are. Many assciate fd frm ur childhd with warm feelings and gd memries and it ties us t ur families, hlding a special and persnal value fr us. Fd frm ur families ften becmes the cmfrt fd we seek as adults in times f frustratin and stress.
On a large scale, traditinal fd is an imprtant part f culture. It als perates as an expressin f cultural identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they g, and it is a symbl f pride in their culture and means f cping with hmesickness.
Many immigrants pen their wn restaurants and serve traditinal dishes. Hwever, the fd des nt remain exactly the same. Sme materials needed t make traditinal dishes may nt be readily available, s the taste and flavur can be different frm what they wuld prepare in their hme cuntries. Additinally, immigrants d nt nly sell dishes t peple frm the same cuntries as them, but t peple frm different cuntries. Therefre, they have t make small changes in the riginal dishes t cater t a wider range f custmers. Thse changes can create new flavurs that still keep the cultural significance f the dishes.
We shuld nt nly embrace ur heritage (传统) thrugh ur culture’s fd, but als becme mre infrmed abut ther cultures by trying their fd. It is imprtant t remember that each dish has a special place in the culture t which it belngs, and is special t thse wh prepare it. Fd is a windw n culture, and it shuld be treated as such.
18．What’s the functin f fd mentined in the text?
A．T help mtivate hmesickness.
B．T shw cultural identity.
C．T reflect a cuntry’s histry.
D．T shw a cmmunity’s superirity.
19．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The specific traditinal fd.
B．The natinal culture.
C．A traditinal expressin f fd.
D．The ld-fashined taste.
20．Why d sme immigrants have t change the riginal dishes in their restaurants?
A．T attach cultural imprtance t their dishes.
B．T annunce the beginning f their life n freign sil.
C．T make the dishes ppular amng custmers.
D．T present their wn fd culture in a new way.
21．What’s the authr’s attitude twards different fd cultures?
A．Negative.
B．Balanced.
C．Unfair.
D．Unchangeable.
Peple in different places have very different ideas abut what t eat. In ur cuntry, fr example, peple frm the suth like t eat rice while peple in the nrth lve dumplings r ndles. In Hunan r Sichuan, ht fd is peple’s favrite; hwever, peple in Shanghai r Suzhu eat sweet dish almst every day.
But even if peple live in the same part f the cuntry, their tastes (口味) are nt always the same. Old peple and yung nes have different tastes; men and wmen als have their different preferences (喜好). In a restaurant, sme custms rder thick and heavy sup, while thers drink thin and clear ne. A few peple nly eat vegetables. They d nt eat fish r chicken at all!
S it is nt easy fr restaurants t meet the needs f all custmers (顾客). T make mre mney, the restaurants in cities try their best t ck different kinds f fds.
22．What d peple frm the suth like t eat?
A．Ndles.B．Dumplings.C．Rice.D．Bread.
23．What kind f fd d yu think He Jing in the TV prgram The Happy Camp perhaps likes t eat?
A．Ht fd.B．Sweet fd.C．Salty fd.D．Cld fd.
24．D peple in the same part always have the same tastes?
A．N, they dn’t.B．Yes, they d.
C．Srry, I dn’t knw.D．Yes, f curse.
25．Why d restaurants try their best t ck different kinds f fds?
A．T make mre mney.B．T meet mre peple.
C．T be gd at cking.D．T get enugh custmers.
Tempeh, a traditinal sy prduct frm Indnesia, is hailed as the cuntry’s “gift t the wrld,” like kimchi frm Krea r mis frm Japan.
A stable, cheap surce f prtein in Indnesia fr centuries, tempeh is a fermented (发酵的) fd riginating frm the island f Java. It was discvered during tfu prductin when discarded sybean residue caught micrbial spres frm the air and grew certain whitish fungi arund it. When this fermented residue (残渣) was fund t be edible and tasty, peple began prducing it at hme fr daily cnsumptin acrss the cuntry. This has given rise t many variatins in its flavr and texture thrughut different Indnesian regins.
Tempeh is high in prtein and lw in fat, and cntains a hst f vitamins. In fact, it is the nly reprted plant-based surce f vitamin B12. Apart frm being able t help reduce chlesterl (胆固醇), increase bne density, and prmte muscle recvery, tempeh has a lt f plyphenls that prtect skin cells and slw dwn the aging prcess. Best f all, with the same prtein quality as meat and the ability t take n many flavrs and textures, tempeh is a great meat substitute —smething the vegetarian and vegan cmmunities have been quick in adpting.
In additin t its highly nutritinal makeup, tempeh has diverse preparatin pssibilities. It can be served as a main curse (usually in curries) r a side dish t be eaten with rice, as a deep-fried snack, r even blended int smthies and healthy juices. Thugh nt yet a ppular fd amng internatinal diners, yu may find tempeh-substituted BLTs (bacn, lettuce, tmat sandwiches) in San Francisc as easily as yu can find vegetarian burgers with tempeh patties in Bali.
Fr the peple f Indnesia, tempeh is nt just fd but als has cultural value. With the Indnesian traditinal fabric batik (蜡染) being recgnized by UNESCO as “Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity,” tempeh has great ptential fr this hnr as well.
26．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is true abut tempeh?
A．It is mainly served as a side dish.B．It is frmed frm fermented sybeans.
C．It is discarded when fungi grw arund it.D．It has the same nutritinal benefits as kimchi.
27．What aspects f tempeh are discussed in paragraphs 2 t 4?
A．Origin→nutritin→cuisine.B．Origin→cuisine→marketing.
C．Cuisine→nutritin→marketing.D．Distributin→cuisine→nutritin.
28．Which f the fllwing can be inferred frm this passage?
A．Senir citizens will eat tempeh as vitamin supplement.
B．Tempeh will sn be mre ppular than kimchi r mis.
C．The nutritin f tempeh will be reduced with mass prductin.
D．Tempeh is likely t be recgnized as an internatinal cultural symbl.
29．Which f the fllwings can be a suitable title f this passage?
A．D Yu Knw Hw Tempeh Is Made?
B．Tempeh: A Traditinal Delicacy Frm Java.
C．Will Tempeh Be Ppular Amng Vegetarians?
D．Tempeh: The Cultural Heritage Of Indnesia.
New research frm Edith Cwan University (ECU) has fund being cnfident in the kitchen is nt nly gd fr yur taste buds, it’s als gd fr yur mental health.
In ttal, 657 participants undertk the seven-week healthy cking curse. Researchers fund thse wh participated in the prgram saw significant imprvements in general health, mental health and subjective vitality immediately after the prgram which remained six mnths after cmpleting the curse, when cmpared t the study’s cntrl grup.
“Imprving peple’s diet quality can be a preventive strategy t stp r slw the rise in pr mental health, besity and ther health disrders,” Dr Janna Rees said. “Future health prgrams shuld cntinue t priritise the barriers t healthy eating such as pr fd envirnments and time restrictins, while placing greater emphasis n the value f healthy eating via quick and easy hme-cked meals, rich in fruit and vegetables and aviding prcessed cnvenience fds.”
The Institute has previusly fund a link between eating mre fruits and vegetables, and imprved lnger term mental health in a larger study cllecting mre cmplex dietary data, implying the participants in the current study may have felt better due t imprved diet. Hwever, the study shwed participants’ mental health imprved despite their reprted diet nt being fund t have changed after cmpleting the prgram.
At the start f the prgram, 77 per cent f participants wh’ identified as female claimed t be cnfident abut cking, cmpared t just 23 per cent f thse wh identified as male. But at the end f the prgram, cking cnfidence and cking skills were equal acrss bth grups.
This change in cnfidence culd see change t the husehld fd envirnment by reducing the gender prejudice and leading t a gender balance in hme cking. This in turn may help t vercme sme f the barriers presented by nt knwing hw t ck, such as easing the time limits which can lead t ready-made meals which are high in energy but lw in nutritinal value.
30．What can we learn frm what Dr Janna Rees said?
A．Prcessed cnvenience fds benefit peple.
B．Time restrictins lead t healthy eating.
C．He thinks it urgent t imprve peple’s diet quality.
D．Hme-cked meals are better chices.
31．What is the benefit f eating mre fruit and vegetables?
A．Better mental health.B．Imprved memries.
C．Lsing weight.D．Increasing creativity.
32．Hw did researchers knw cking can increase cnfidence?
A．By answering questins.B．By making cntrasts.
C．By giving examples.D．By analyzing causes.
33．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Is the Kitchen Revlutin Imprtant?
B．Learning Cking Curse Turns Ppular
C．Healthy Hme Cking Equals a Healthy Mind
D．Being Cnfident in the Kitchen Benefits Cnfidence
A car needs gas t run and yur bdy als needs fd t wrk fr yu. Eating the right kind f fd is very imprtant. It can help yur bdy grw strng, s take care f what yu eat.
There are fur main fd grups altgether. The dairy grup has fd like milk, cheese and sur milk. The ther three grups are the meat and fish grup, the fruit and vegetable grup, and the bread and rice grup. Each meal shuld have at least ne fd frm all fur main grups, with all these fd tgether, yu will be given enugh energy during the day.
It is easy t get int bad eating habits. Yu may eat yur breakfast in a hurry t get t schl n time. Or yu may nt have time fr a gd lunch. It may seem easy t finish yur supper with fish and chips all the time, But yu will find yurself tired in these days and yu can nt think quickly.
Watching what yu eat will help keep yur bdy healthy and strng. It is als gd t take sme exercise. It will help yu eat mre if yu take a walk r play games in the pen air. Having a gd eating habit with sme exercise is the key t yur health.
34．Which f the fllwing diets d yu think is the best ne?
A．Eggs, tmates and chicken.B．Milk, bread, cabbages and beef.
C．Crn, fish, cream and prk.D．Rice, bean curd, apples, fish and chicken.
35．Which f the fllwing is a gd eating habit?
A．Ging t schl withut any breakfast.
B．Eating fish and chips fr supper all the time.
C．Having at least ne fd frm all fur grups each meal.
D．Finishing yur lunch in a very shrt time.
36．The underlined wrd “dairy” in the secnd paragraph means __________.
A．the fd made ut f cws such as milk and butter
B．the shp that sells milk and butter
C．a farm where cws are kept
D．a place where milk prducts are made
The best thing t start yur day is a gd breakfast. In fact, many peple believe that breakfast is the mst imprtant meal f the day. In China, prridge (粥), ndles and milk are cmmn breakfast fds. What are breakfasts in ther cuntries like? Let’s take a lk!
The US
In the US, a gd Sunday mrning starts with eggs, bacn (培根) and pancakes. On busy weekdays, mst peple in the US like t have milk, bread and fruit fr breakfast. Sme peple als drink cffee.
Canada
In Canada, peple mainly eat tast, eggs and bacn fr breakfast. Hwever, Canadian bacn is quite unlike the bacn f the United States. It is served in thin rund slices (薄片). Besides, cffee and fruit juice are their favrites.
Britain
The British breakfast is similar t the American breakfast. A basic British breakfast includes eggs, bacn and tmates. These fds are ppular amng yung peple in Britain. Usually, British peple have cffee, tea r milk t drink. Sme peple als like t drink range juice.
Japan
Mst peple in Japan these days—at least in big cities—eat a quick Western-style breakfast including eggs, tast, juice and cffee. Thse wh prefer mre traditinal fds are likely t have tea and sup with rice. Rice is necessary fr a Japanese-style breakfast. Japanese peple als add eggs t their rice.
37．In which cuntry are pancakes ppular fr breakfast?
A．China.B．Canada.C．Britain.D．America.
38．What is necessary fr the Japanese-style breakfast?
A．Rice.B．Bacn.C．Juice.D．Tast.
39．Hw many listed cuntries’ traditinal breakfasts usually include cffee?
A．Tw.B．Three.C．Fur.D．Five.
参考答案
1．A
2．C
3．D
4．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章说明了总部位于东京的创业公司Sanatech Seed Cmpany与筑波大学的科学家合作，利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术开发了一种新的番茄品种。文章介绍了这种特殊类型的番茄的好处以及市场推广的情况。
1．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Sicilian Ruge High GABA is a special type f tmat designed t cntain high levels f gamma-aminbutyric acid (GABA) (氨基丁酸), an amin acid believed t aid relaxatin and help lwer bld pressure.( Sicilian Ruge High GABA是一种特殊类型的番茄，含有高水平的伽马氨基丁酸（GABA），一种被认为有助于放松和降低血压的氨基酸)”可知，Sicilian Ruge High GABA对我们的健康有益。故选A。
2．
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“A Japanese health ministry cmmittee gave Sanatech Seed permissin t cmmercialize the new tmat variety. They prvided ntificatin and the startup plans t ship each package f tmates with a sticker that says “imprved using genme-editing technlgy”.(日本厚生劳动省的一个健康委员会批准Sanatech种子公司将这种新的番茄品种商业化。他们提供了通知，这家初创公司计划在发运每包西红柿时贴上“使用基因组编辑技术改进”的标签)”可知，日本厚生省健康委员会允许新西红柿进入市场。故选C。
3．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Unlike genetically mdified fds, genme-edited plant varieties are cnsidered just as safe as varieties imprved using traditinal methds because n utside gene is intrduced during the prcess.(与转基因食品不同，基因编辑的植物品种被认为与使用传统方法改良的品种一样安全，因为在这个过程中不会引入外部基因)”可推知，基因编辑过的植物是安全的。故选D。
4．
推理判断题。根据文章主要以列举第三方的客观事实和言论为主，没有涉及自己对Sicilian Ruge High GABA的态度，可推知，作者对Sicilian Ruge High GABA的态度是客观的。故选D。
5．B
6．B
7．C
8．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“分子烹饪”这种烹饪方式，通过举例解释了其概念以及流行原因。
5．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Fr example, a decnstructed Lasagna might cnsist f tmat sup, cheese curds, and tiny pieces f pasta — they’re all the parts that make up a lasagna, separated and presented n their wn. As a cking methd, mlecular gastrnmy’s meant t take familiar tastes and present them in a new and adventurus way using special equipment and techniques. It’s expensive and time-cnsuming, but des present a unique dining experience that is impssible t recreate at hme. Sme ingredients are prepared thrugh freeze-drying r dehydratin — it’s very different frm baking a laf f bread r a cake.(例如，分解的千层面可能包括西红柿汤、奶酪凝乳和小块的意大利面——它们都是构成千层面的各个部分，它们各自分开并呈现出来。作为一种烹饪方法，分子烹饪法意味着用特殊的设备和技术将熟悉的味道以一种新的、冒险的方式呈现出来。这是昂贵和耗时的，但确实呈现了一种独特的用餐体验，是不可能在家里重现的。有些食材是通过冷冻干燥或脱水来准备的，这与烤面包或蛋糕有很大的不同)”可推知，在第一段提到了分解的千层面是为了使分子烹饪易于理解。故选B。
6．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“there will be many mre peple n Earth. This means getting enugh prtein will becme a prblem and the slutin will prbably be plant r insect prteins.(地球上会有更多的人。这意味着获得足够的蛋白质将成为一个问题，解决办法可能是植物或昆虫的蛋白质)”可知，是世界人口的增长导致了对分子料理的需求。故选B。
7．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“He als shws that the “clean label” mvement is harmful t ur diets. The idea behind it is a mve twards shrter ingredient lists with familiar ingredients. While there are chemical cmpunds in fd that can d us harm, it has led t the public fearing unfamiliar terms n the back f the package.(他还指出，“干净标签”运动对我们的饮食有害。它背后的想法是朝着用熟悉的成分列出更短的成分清单的方向发展。虽然食品中含有对人体有害的化合物，但这已经导致公众对包装背面不熟悉的术语产生了恐惧)”可知，“干净标签”运动有时会误导人。故选C。
8．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whether yu agree r disagree, it will take mlecular gastrnmy sme time t truly take ver the entire wrld. Cking, n matter the methd, is a frm f chemistry. It makes sense t advance it alngside the ther sciences. S, while pizza wn’t be delivered flash-frzen r dehydrated any time sn, it may ne day in the nt-t-distant future.(不管你同意与否，分子烹饪要真正占领整个世界还需要一段时间。烹饪，无论用什么方法，都是一种化学。将它与其他科学一起推进是有意义的。所以，虽然速冻或脱水的披萨短期内不会推出，但在不久的将来可能会推出)”可推知，作者对分子烹饪的态度是积极的。故选D。
9．C
10．A
11．A
12．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了聚会后剩余的啤酒可以有多种用途，例如捕杀菜园中的蛞蝓虫和用来软化洗澡水。
9．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Beer seldm lasts lng, and smetimes there is can r bttle leftver after a party. When this ccurs, the leftver can be used in a variety f ways, many f which mst peple wuld never think f.（啤酒很少能长时间地放置，有时聚会后会剩下罐装啤酒或瓶装啤酒。发生这种情况时，剩余的啤酒可以有多种用途，其中许多是大多数人永远不会想到的。）”可知，大多数人忽略了剩余啤酒的使用。故选C。
10．
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Instead f using chemicals n yur vegetables, bury a small cup in the garden and pur fresh beer in it. The slugs will be attracted t the smell, get drunk and drwn. Be sure t refresh the beer daily, and yu wuld have a cup full f slugs and healthy-lking cabbages.（不要在蔬菜上使用化学物质，而是在花园里埋一个小杯子，然后倒入新鲜啤酒。蛞蝓虫会被气味吸引，喝醉然后淹死。一定要每天更换新鲜的啤酒，你的杯子会装满蛞蝓虫从而获得看起来健康的卷心菜。）”和第四段的“Bees are als attracted by the smell f beer, s try putting a few pen beer cans arund the yard.（蜜蜂也被啤酒的香味吸引，所以试着在你的院子里放几个打开的啤酒罐。）”可知，作者以这两种昆虫为例试图告诉我们有些昆虫更喜欢新鲜啤酒的味道。故选A。
11．
细节理解题。根据第五段的“ Beer is als an excellent skin cnditiner. If yu want t have a lng bath, pur a gd can f dark beer int the water in advance. This is a nice substitute t salt which sftens water.（啤酒也是一种极好的皮肤调理剂。如果你想泡个长时间的澡，提前把一罐优质的黑啤酒倒进水里。这是盐的很好替代品，能够软化水。）”可知，黑啤可以帮助软化水。故选A。
12．
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“the leftver can be used in a variety f ways（剩余的啤酒可以有多种用途。）”及第2题和第3题的分析可知，剩余啤酒可以用来捕杀菜园中的蛞蝓虫和用来软化洗澡水，故文章主要告诉我们要学会充分利用啤酒。故选D。
13．C
14．C
15．A
16．D
17．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国茶的起源和文化并就喝茶给出了一些建议。
13．
主旨大意题。根据第二段“It is said that Chinese tea was discvered by King Shen Nng. Peple say that he lived 5,000 years ag. One summer day, while he was visiting a faraway part f his cuntry, he felt very thirsty. The servants began t make water ht enugh t turn int gas fr him t drink. Dried leaves frm a near plant fell int the water. The king drank sme, and fund it culd make him feel less tried. Als as a scientist, Shen Nng was interested in the new drink. And s, tea was created in 2737 BC.(据说中国茶是神农王发现的。人们说他生活在5000年前。一个夏天，当他在他的国家的一个遥远的地方访问时，他感到非常口渴。仆人们开始把水加热到可以变成气体给他喝。附近植物的干叶子掉进了水里。国王喝了一些，发现这可以让他感觉不那么疲惫。作为一名科学家，神农对这种新饮料很感兴趣。公元前2737年，茶诞生了。)”可知，本段主要介绍中国茶是怎么被发现的。故选C项。
14．
细节理解题。由文章第三段“Drinking tea has many advantages. It makes peple feel less tired, clears heat inside the human bdy and helps peple lse weight. (喝茶有很多好处。它使人感觉不那么疲劳，清除人体内的热量，帮助人们减肥。)”再结合选项可知，A、B、D选项文章都提到并表达正确，而C项having a strng wish fr fd(对食物有强烈的欲望)文章未提及，所以错误。故选C项。
15．
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Green tea is the best chice fr ffice wrkers. Why? Because green tea helps stp the bad result f the cmputer.(绿茶是上班族的最佳选择。为什么？因为绿茶有助于阻止电脑的坏结果。)”可知，绿茶对办公室用电脑的人有好处。故选A项。
16．
推理判断题。由文章第二段“The king drank sme, and fund it culd make him feel less tried. Als as a scientist, Shen Nng was interested in the new drink. And s, tea was created in 2737 BC.(国王喝了一些，发现这会让他感觉不那么累。作为一名科学家，神农对这种新型饮料很感兴趣。因此，茶是在公元前2737年发明的。)”可知，神农是一名科学家，所以他对发明新东西很感兴趣。故选D项。
17．
推理判断题。由文章第三段“Drinking tea has many advantages. It makes peple feel less tired, clears heat inside the human bdy and helps peple lse weight. As yu add a cup f tea t yur daily life, please check the fllwing helpful advice.(喝茶有很多好处。它使人感觉不那么疲劳，清除人体内的热量，帮助人们减肥。当你在日常生活中加入一杯茶时，请查看以下有用的建议。)”以及结合上下文可知，本篇文章主要就喝茶给人们一些建议。故选B项。
18．B
19．A
20．C
21．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，每一道菜都是了解文化的一扇窗户。
18．
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It als perates as an expressin f cultural identity.”（它也是一种文化身份的表达。）可知，食物可以展示文化身份。故选B项。
19．
词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“On a large scale, traditinal fd is an imprtant part f culture. It als perates as an expressin f cultural identity.”（在很大程度上，传统食物是文化的重要组成部分。它也是一种文化身份的表达。）可知在讲述传统食物；本句“Immigrants bring it wherever they g, and it is a symbl f pride in their culture and means f cping with hmesickness.”（移民走到哪里都会带着it，它是他们文化自豪的象征，也是应对乡愁的手段。）分析可知本句也是在讲述传统食物，说它是文化自豪的象征，是应对乡愁的手段，与前面说的它是文化的组成部分，是文化身份的表达这种说法相呼应，故划线单词it代指的就是前面提到的“传统食物”。故选A项。
20．
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Additinally, immigrants d nt nly sell dishes t peple frm the same cuntries as them, but t peple frm different cuntries. Therefre, they have t make small changes in the riginal dishes t cater t a wider range f custmers.”（此外，移民不仅向与他们来自同一国家的人出售菜肴，而且向来自不同国家的人出售菜肴。因此，他们不得不在原有菜品上做些小改动，以迎合更广泛的顾客。）可知，移民们改进他们餐馆里原有的菜肴是为了迎合更多来自不同国家的顾客。故选C项。
21．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We shuld nt nly embrace ur heritage (传统) thrugh ur culture’s fd, but als becme mre infrmed abut ther cultures by trying their fd. It is imprtant t remember that each dish has a special place in the culture t which it belngs, and is special t thse wh prepare it. Fd is a windw n culture, and it shuld be treated as such.”（我们不仅应该通过我们的文化食物来接受我们的传统，还应该通过尝试他们的食物来更多地了解其他文化。 重要的是要记住每道菜在它所属的文化中都有一个特殊的位置，并且对那些准备它的人来说是特别的。食物是文化的窗口，应该这样对待。）可知，作者认为我们应该通过传统食物来欣然接受我们的文化传统，并且要通过品尝其他的食物来了解其他文化。所以作者对于食物文化的态度是客观公正的，并没有带有个人感情色彩去偏向哪一方的文化。故选B项。
22．C
23．A
24．A
25．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。介绍了不同地方、不同性别、不同年龄的人们喜欢不同的食物，有不同的偏好。
22．
细节理解题。根据第一段的“peple frm the suth like t eat rice(来自南方的人喜欢吃米饭)”可知，南方人喜欢吃米饭，故选C。
23．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“ In Hunan r Sichuan, ht fd is peple’s favrite(在湖南或四川，辣的食物是人们的最爱)”可知，湖南人喜欢吃辣的食物，主持《快乐大本营》的何炅是湖南人，应该是喜欢吃辣食，故选A。
24．
细节理解题。根据第二段“even if peple live in the same part f the cuntry, their tastes(口味) are nt always the same.( 即使人们生活在这个国家的同一地区，他们的口味也并不总是一样的)”可知，即使生活在同一地区的人们，口味也不总是一样的，故选A。
25．
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“T make mre mney, the restaurants in cities try their best t ck different kinds f fds.( 为了多赚钱，城市里的餐馆会尽力做不同种类的食物)”可知，为了多赚钱，餐馆尽最大努力烹饪不同种类的食物。故选A。
26．B
27．A
28．D
29．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印度尼西亚的传统美食天贝。
26．细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二、三句话“A stable, cheap surce f prtein in Indnesia fr centuries, tempeh is a fermented(发酵的) fd riginating frm the island f Java. It was discvered during tfu prductin when discarded sybean residue caught micrbial spres frm the air and grew certain whitish fungi arund it. When this fermented residue(残渣) was fund t be edible and tasty, peple began prducing it at hme fr daily cnsumptin acrss the cuntry. (天贝是印尼几个世纪以来稳定、廉价的蛋白质来源，是一种源自爪哇岛的发酵食品。这是在豆腐生产过程中发现的，当时丢弃的豆渣从空气中捕捉到微生物孢子，并在其周围生长出某些白色真菌。当这种发酵残渣被发现可以食用且美味时，人们开始在家生产它，供全国各地的日常消费)”可知，天贝这种食物是由发酵的大豆制成的。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句话“It was discvered during tfu prductin when discarded sybean residue caught micrbial spres frm the air and grew certain whitish fungi arund it. When this fermented residue(残渣) was fund t be edible and tasty, peple began prducing it at hme fr daily cnsumptin acrss the cuntry. (这是在豆腐生产过程中发现的，当时丢弃的豆渣从空气中捕捉到微生物孢子，并在其周围生长出某些白色真菌。当这种发酵残渣被发现可以食用且美味时，人们开始在家生产它，供全国各地的日常消费)”，第三段第一句话“Tempeh is high in prtein and lw in fat, and cntains a hst f vitamins.(天贝蛋白质含量高，脂肪含量低，并含有大量维生素)”以及第四段第一句话“In additin t its highly nutritinal makeup, tempeh has diverse preparatin pssibilities. (除了高营养的化妆品外，天贝还有多种制作可能性)”可知，第二段到第四段分别介绍了天贝的来源，她的营养成分以及它可以制作成很多的美食。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据全文尤其是最后一段“Fr the peple f Indnesia, tempeh is nt just fd but als has cultural value. With the Indnesian traditinal fabric batik(蜡染) being recgnized by UNESCO as “Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity,” tempeh has great ptential fr this hnr as well.(对印尼人民来说，天贝不仅是食物，而且具有文化价值。随着印尼传统织物蜡染被联合国教科文组织认定为“人类非物质文化遗产”，天贝也有很大的潜力获得这一荣誉)”可知，天贝也有很大的潜力获得“人类非物质文化遗产” 这一荣誉。由此可推知，天贝很可能被视为一个国际文化符号。故选D。
29．标题判断题。文章主要介绍了印度尼西亚的传统美食天贝，它的来源，营养成分，以及它可以被制作成很多的美食，天贝也有很大的潜力获得“人类非物质文化遗产” 这一荣誉。所以“天贝：爪哇传统美食”适合作本文的标题。故选B。
30．D
31．A
32．B
33．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，在厨房里保持自信不仅对味蕾有益，还对心理健康有益。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Future health prgrams shuld cntinue t priritise the barriers t healthy eating such as pr fd envirnments and time restrictins, while placing greater emphasis n the value f healthy eating via quick and easy hme-cked meals, rich in fruit and vegetables and aviding prcessed cnvenience fds.(未来的健康计划应该继续优先考虑妨碍健康饮食的障碍，如恶劣的食物环境和时间限制，同时更加强调通过快速和简单的家庭烹饪的健康饮食的价值，富含水果和蔬菜，并避免加工方便的食品)”可知，Janna Rees认为家常菜是更好的选择。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The Institute has previusly fund a link between eating mre fruits and vegetables, and imprved lnger term mental health in a larger study cllecting mre cmplex dietary data, implying the participants in the current study may have felt better due t imprved diet.(该研究所此前在一项收集了更复杂饮食数据的大型研究中发现，吃更多水果和蔬菜与改善长期心理健康之间存在联系，这意味着目前这项研究的参与者可能会因为改善饮食而感觉更好)”可知，多吃水果和蔬菜可以改善心理健康。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据第五段“At the start f the prgram, 77 per cent f participants wh’ identified as female claimed t be cnfident abut cking, cmpared t just 23 per cent f thse wh identified as male. But at the end f the prgram, cking cnfidence and cking skills were equal acrss bth grups.(在项目开始时，77%的女性参与者声称自己对烹饪很有信心，相比之下，只有23%的男性参与者表示自己对烹饪很有信心。但在项目结束时，两组人的烹饪信心和烹饪技巧是相等的)”可推知，通过对比，研究人员知道烹饪可以增加信心。故选B。
33．主旨大意题。根据第一段“New research frm Edith Cwan University (ECU) has fund being cnfident in the kitchen is nt nly gd fr yur taste buds, it’s als gd fr yur mental health.(伊迪丝科文大学的一项新研究发现，在厨房里保持自信不仅对你的味蕾有好处，对你的心理健康也有好处)”结合文章还介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。故C选项“健康的家庭烹饪等于健康的心态”最符合文章标题。故选C。
34．B
35．C
36．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了养成良好习惯的重要性以及怎样才是好的饮食习惯。
34．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The dairy grup has fd like milk, cheese and sur milk. The ther three grups are the meat and fish grup, the fruit and vegetable grup, and the bread and rice grup. Each meal shuld have at least ne fd frm all fur main grups, with all these fd tgether, yu will be given enugh energy during the day.(这个乳制品组有牛奶、奶酪和酸牛奶等食品。其他三组是肉类和鱼类组，水果和蔬菜组，和面包和米饭组。每顿饭至少要有来自所有四个主要组合的一种食物，所有这些食物加在一起，你会在一天中得到足够的能量)”可知，每顿饭要有四种组合中的一种食物，这些食物加起来就是最好的饮食，即B项“Milk, bread, cabbages and beef.(牛奶，面包，卷心菜和牛肉)”这四种食物来自这四种组合，所以是最好的饮食，故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Each meal shuld have at least ne fd frm all fur main grups, with all these fd tgether, yu will be given enugh energy during the day.(每顿饭至少要有来自所有四个主要组合的一种食物，所有这些食物加在一起，你会在一天中得到足够的能量)”可知，每顿饭至少吃四组食物中的一种，这样才是好的饮食习惯。故选C。
36．词句猜测题。根据上文“There are fur main fd grups altgether. (总共有四种主要的食物组合)”和划线单词所在句子“The dairy grup has fd like milk, cheese and sur milk.(这个dairy组有牛奶、奶酪和酸牛奶等食品)”可知，主要有四种食物组合，其中牛奶，奶酪，酸奶等食品，属于奶制品。由此可知，划线单词“dairy”与A项“the fd made ut f cws such as milk and butter(由奶牛产的食物，例如牛奶和黄油)”意思一样。故选A。
37．D
38．A
39．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了除中国以外其他一些国家受欢迎的早餐。
37．
细节理解题。根据第二段“In the US, a gd Sunday mrning starts with eggs, bacn and pancakes.(在美国，一个好的星期天早上从鸡蛋、培根和煎饼开始)”可知，早餐吃煎饼在美国是受欢迎的。故选D项。
38．
细节理解题。根据第五段“Rice is necessary fr a Japanese-style breakfast.(米饭是日式早餐的必需品)”可知，米饭对日式早餐而言是必要的。故选A项。
39．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Sme peple als drink cffee.(有些人也喝咖啡)”、第三段“Besides, cffee and fruit juice are their favrites.(此外，咖啡和果汁是他们的最爱)”以及第四段“Usually, British peple have cffee, tea r milk t drink.(通常，英国人喝咖啡、茶或牛奶)”可知，美国、加拿大和英国这三个国家的传统早餐通常包括咖啡。故选B项。