江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年高三上学期开学考试英语Word版含答案

  江苏省扬州中学2022~2023学年第一学期开学考试

               英语试卷            2022.8.

（考试时间：120分钟    满分：150分）

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Who is probably at college?

A. Liza.       B. Peter.　     C. Grace.

2. How does the man feel now?

A. Cheerful.    B. Unhappy.   C. Afraid.

3. What does the woman want to learn next year?

A. Math.     B. Science.    C. Law.

4. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Professor and student.    B. Boss and secretary.    C. Manager and applicant.

5. What is the weather like in the man's hometown?

A. Warm.    B. Comfortable.    C. Wet.

第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. At an airport.    B. At home.     C. At a restaurant.

7. What is the man dissatisfied with about the flight?

A. The service.    B. The movie.    C. The food.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. When will Sophie go to Florida?

A. On June 30th.    B. On June 28th.     C. On June 26th.

9. What is Sophie going to do in Orlando?

A. Visit theme parks.   B. Go to a nature reserve.   C. Go camping.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What is the woman's favorite subject?

A. Spanish.    B. Art.        C. History.

11. What is the woman planning to do straight after leaving school?

A. Work as a journalist.        B. Start university.     C. Go traveling.

12. How does the woman feel about her future career?

A. Hesitant.    B. Certain.     C. Hopeless.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. How many hours does Tom work every Saturday?

A. Five.     B. Six.      C. Nine.

14. What does Tom basically do?

A. He offers advice to customers.  　　

B. He buys products for customers.

C. He takes the money from customers.

15. What is the most difficult for Tom?

A. To work long hours.  

B. To talk all the time.  

C. To know about all the products.

16. What does Tom like most about his job?

A. Meeting different people.  　

B. Using the latest computers.

C. Getting close to new technology.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?

A. A measure to deal with being overweight.  

B. A school to offer cooking lessons.

C. A way to set up cooking clubs.

18. What do we know about the cooking lessons?

A. They will be given in primary schools.  

B. They will be provided one hour a week.

C. They will last for the whole school year.

19. Why are schools setting up “Let's Get Cooking” clubs?

A. To teach children to cook healthy food.

B. To train more cookery teachers for schools.

C. To help students remember simple recipes.

20. What does the government promise to do?

A. Buy the equipment.  　 B. Build new kitchens.     C. Help poor students.

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Is your child interested in academic studies? Attending a summer camp with this focus is a perfect way for them to explore while giving them experience and confidence. We have selected some of the best summer camps from around the country that focus on academics.

Snapology STEAM Camps

Snapology offers the best S. T. E. A. M. camps around. Children will have fun exploring themes like Minecraft, Star Wars and Superheroes while learning all about Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math. We use LEGO bricks, technology and other familiar toys to make STEAM concepts accessible to all learners. Shhh … Don’t tell them it’s educational!

Capitol Debate

Capitol Debate’s goal is to help youth find their voice. Never debated before? No worries. Thousands of shy students have walked through our doors to become confident young adults and leaders in their community. Our strategy is to unlock the hidden talents students possess. Our aim is to use instruction, education, and learning to provide the most important component of our debate camps-fun!

iD Tech Summer Camp

Join over 50, 000 students who are building in-demand skills, collaborating with friends, gaining confidence, and having fun. For ages 7-18, our camp provides the hottest curricula in Python, Java, 3D modeling, and more. With 5 students max per instructor, we perfectly blend personalized learning and time to socialize and instructor feedback will be delivered via email so you can track your child’s success.

Sea Turtle Camp

Join us this summer for Sea Turtle Camp! Our summer camp programs immerse youth, ages 10-17, in the field of marine（海洋的）biology. Visit the Karen Beasley Sea Turtle Hospital to learn first-hand about the sea turtle recovery process. Campers also participate in fun, hands-on marine science activities throughout their camp session. Our mission is to inspire the youth to know more about the environment through exposure to the world of marine biology.

21. Which camp best suits children who are too shy to speak in public?

A. Snapology STEAM Camps.  B. Capitol Debate.

C. iD Tech Summer Camp.  D. Sea Turtle Camp.

22. What can parents do in iD Tech Summer Camp?

A. Collaborate with kids.  B. Participate in curricula.

C. Socialize with instructors.  D. Follow kids’ progress.

23. What is the shared feature of these camps?

A. They just focus on academic performance.

B. They provide fun experiences with toys.

C. They stress learning happily.

D. They are intended for primary students only.

B

There is no such thing as a perfect woman, and Nothing But Thirty screenwriter Zhang Yingji wanted to convey this message in telling the stories of three different women, who have found very different ways to climb their own mountains.

Wang Manni is a woman who will climb any mountain as long as she finds it challenging. Zhong Xiaoqin is one who will only climb if she has someone to go along with her. She will not overexert herself, and she will definitely stop once she has reached a comfortable place. Gu Jia, on the other hand, has already started to think about reaching the peak before she even starts the climb, regardless of whether she is alone or has company.

In a sense, the scriptwriter purposely created Gu Jia as the perfect woman of thirty. She is married, with a successful husband and a young son. She is living the dream, but Gu Jia does not feel complete. She feels lost. She is flawed. She has episodes of succumbing to her own greed and disregard to those around her.

“She is someone who chases alter perfection.” said Tong Yao (who portrays Gu Jia). “Obviously, this is stressful for those around her. She hides things. She isn’t perfect, but in front of others, she has to stay perfect.”

Her chase for perfection and her stubbornness to maintain this image has effected many of the relationships in her life. She chases after what she believes is right for others. Because of this, she and her husband start to see and value things differently, which puts a strain on their relationship.

Gu Jia’s personal struggles give life to the character. Many viewers are able to relate to her, and, through her character, find a shadow of themselves. There’s still a lot left that we can learn from the women of Nothing but Thirty, but maybe like them, we too can find the courage in ourselves to walk on that road which is truly meant for us.

24. According to the article, which of the following best describes Zhong Xiaoqin’s personality?

A. Ambitious and goal-driven B. Moderate and content

C. Aimless and impulsive D. Visionary and independent

25. According to Paragraph 3, what is not true about Gu Jia’s life?

A. She has her own worries and insecurities.

B. She leads a seemingly perfect and enviable life.

C. She can be greedy and insensitive to others’ feelings.

D. She is discontented with life because of her husband.

26. According to the passage, audiences have a preference for Gu Jia mainly because she ________.

A. is a perfectionist B. stands up to her husband

C. balances her work and life well D. displays some identifiable traits

27. What is the main purpose of this passage?

A. To call attention to the rise of feminism.

B. To introduce the plot of Nothing but Thirty.

C. To contrast the main characters of Nothing but Thirty.

D. To encourage viewers to find inspiration in Nothing but Thirty.

C

“Doc, my wife’s breast cancer has come back and spread to her bones”. My friend’s eyes filled with tears when he spoke those chilling words. Like millions of other cancer patients, his wife had been treated successfully. Cancer recurrence is never a good sign, but it doesn’t mean you have to give up hope. Over the past decade, powerful new treatments have been developed to fight most stubborn cancers. Most, however, are still being tested in so-called clinical trials, and getting yourself enrolled in one takes some doing.

Clinical trials are research studies on human patients to test the safety and effectiveness of new treatments. There are hundreds of clinical cancer trials under way, involving thousands of patients. What most people don’t realize is that the scientists who conduct these studies need test subjects almost as badly as the subjects need treatment, and that lately the scientists have been running short of willing participants. At a conference on clinical trials held recently in Alexandria, Virginia, researchers trying to devise strategies for signing up more patients noted that one of the reasons there has been so much progress in treating pediatric（小儿科的）cancers in the US over the past 20 years is that 60% of all children with cancer are enrolled in some kind of trial. With adults, enrollment falls off dramatically, to only 2% to 3% of eligible patients.

Why is this? Partly it’s owing to patient misconceptions. “Patients are concerned if they enter a clinical trial that they may be part of the unlucky group that gets the placebo or ‘dummy treatment’ and not the real medicine,” says Dr. Bob Comis, president of the National Cancer Cooperative Groups. They think the placebo group get no treatment at all, when in act it gets whatever is considered the best current standard of care.

Cost shouldn’t be a consideration. Most clinical trials are free to patients; some even pay their subjects. Insurance companies in the past have been reluctant to cover the non-experimental part of the treatment, but they are starting to come around.

Now it is true that research scientists don’t always have the best bedside manner, and sometimes they unnecessarily keep patients in the dark. And the consent forms are often so encrusted with medical jargon that some patients joke.

28. What is the writer’s general attitude towards cancer recurrence?

A. Sympathetic   B. frustrated   C. optimistic   D. discouraged

29. What can we learn about clinical cancer trials?

A. Some clinical trials show that new treatments are safe and effective.

B. The scientists are lacking in cancer patients in their clinical trials.

C. There is much progress in treating adults with cancer in clinical trials.

D. Researchers have found ways of curing 60% of all children with cancer.

30. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “dummy” in Paragraph 3?

A. Fee and effective          B. harmless but ineffective  

C. free and harmful        D. expensive but effective

31. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of this passage?

A. Cancer patients in clinical trials enjoy the best current standard of care.

B. Why adults with cancer are unwilling to sign up for clinical trials.

C. Clinical cancer trials are under way, though with some problems.

D. Cancer recurrence is curable in clinical trials.

D

In a classic episode of The Simpsons, Homer’s class reunion ends in shame when one of Homer’s guilty secrets is exposed: he never graduated from high school. To get his diploma, he must pass a science test. As he sits down to retake the exam, he holds one of his trademark dialogues with his brain. “All right, brain. You don’t like me and I don’t like you. But let’s just do this and I can get back to killing you with beer.”

Many a true word is spoken as a joke. Homer Simpson’s Everyman character really is an Everyman. For most people, engaging in the kind of effortful thinking that is required to pass a science test feels too much like hard work. It is so much easier to quit and let the brain’s autopilot take over.

And no wonder. Evolution has blessed the human brain with all kinds of mental shortcuts that make life manageable. If we had to think about every action or weigh up every decision, we would break down. As a result, certain ideas and modes of thinking come naturally to us, such as effortless thinking.

But at huge cost. Our mental shortcuts work fine at the level of individuals and small-scale societies, but in an increasingly interconnected and globalized world, they are a danger to society. Effortless thinking is at the root of many of the modern world’s most serious problems: terrorism, hatred, inequality and religious extremism. All are caused by people disengaging their critical thinking and going with their gut (非理性的) feeling.

Everybody is capable of gut feeling, but also of the critical thinking. Both thinking styles are needed to make the world go round. Unfortunately, the latter requires training that is unavailable or unappealing to many people.

One of the bright spots in 2017 was the start of a movement called the March For Science. Those who believe in the power of science need to keep on marching, or give more power to people who don’t much like their own brains — or other people’s.

32. What does the author want to convey through Homer’s story?

1. Feeling is very important.   
2. Drinking beer is harmful to one’s brain.
3. High school seniors should work hard.  
4. Most people hate effortful thinking like Homer.

33. How do you read between the lines of the underlined sentence according to the passage?

1. Most people would rather tell jokes than tell the truth.
2. Most people don’t want to toil through scientific tests.
3. Most people would love to have their brains controlled by a pilot.
4. Most people like Simpson’s ordinary character are willing to think simple.

34. What does the author think of critical thinking?

1. It makes the world go round.          

B. It needs necessary training.

C. It works fine at the level of personal affairs.  

D. It leads to the March For Science in 2017.

35. What is the best title for the text?

A. Critical Thinking Is Urgently Needed   

B. Effortless Thinking Is Out of Date

C. We Need to March Towards Science   

D. Thinking Contributes to Social Problems

第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The term “organizational culture” refers to the norms and values of an organization, which together make the personality of the company.   36   They govern the way employees interact with each other within the workplace. Therefore, improving organizational culture is the need of the hour. When it comes to improving organizational culture, the following ways are worth trying.

  37   When your employees know how to do things the right way and what the company expects from them, the rates of conflicts and errors can be brought down significantly. In addition, through the right training your employees will become enthusiastic and be interested in working as a team and improving the work atmosphere as a whole.

Another good way is to analyze the existing culture and compare it with the expectations of your employees. Organize discussions with your team members and talk about matters related to the current culture of the organization.    38 

Conflicts are an unavoidable part of any organization and have direct bearing on the health of its culture.   39   Therefore, when conflicts do arise, the management must settle them quickly, in case they become worse over time. If employees feel they are all being treated equally, they are more likely to accept their mistakes and the judgment of the management.

Since the organization is a collection of people, cooperation matters to attain the objectives.   _40   It may involves fun activities, like sports, games or serious ones. In the end, such exercises will strengthen the team spirit and the employees’ loyalty towards the organization, because cooperative teamwork proves a healthy organizational climate.

A. Then bring changes accordingly.

B. Team building is vital in this respect.

C. Thus a productive environment will be created.

D. How they are handled is an indicator of the common organizational culture.

E. These values and norms are shared by people working throughout the organization.

F. The management must show the willingness or intention to involve employees in this process.

G. Training your employees in the right way is an important step towards a better organizational culture.

第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Eradajere Oleata thinks she may have a partial solution called the Chip Bag Project for two of her country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty. The 26-year-old student from Detroit is asking a(n) ___41___ of local snack lovers: ___42___ throw your empty chip bags into the trash, ___43___ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.

Chip eaters ___44___ their empty bags at a print shop and a clothing store — two ___45___ where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they are __46___, it takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, each taking around 150 to 300 chip bags, ___47___ whether they’re single-serve or family size.

Since 2020, the Chip Bag Project has ___48___ over 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags.

Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the ___49___ for Oleata and her fellow volunteers. “We are ___50___ to making an impact not only socially, but ___51___.” she says.

Of course, repurposing these bags is meaningful. ___52___ they would have ended in the trash. It’s a(n) ___53___ reminder that environmental injustice (不公平) and ___54___ often go hand in hand. As Oleata told hourdetroit.com: “I think it’s time to show ___55___ between all of these issues.”

41. A. explanation B. permit C. proposal D. favor

42. A. Other than B. More than C. Rather than D. Less than

43. A. sell B. recycle C. donate D. deliver

44. A. give away B. drop off C. cut off D. throw away

45. A. scenes B. destinations C. locations D. platforms

46. A. cleaned up B. brought up C. built up D. set up

47. A. depending on B. drawing on C. dawning on D. surviving on

48. A. saved B. collected C. extracted D. prepared

49. A. responsibility B. wisdom C. theory D. goal

50. A. addicted B. glued C. devoted D. limited

51. A. entirely B. environmentally C. economically D. globally

52. A. Somehow B. Anyhow C. Thus D. Otherwise

53. A. powerful B. chief C. official D. moral

54. A. development B. damage C. poverty D. climate

55. A. reactions B. connections C. strategies D. consequences

第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）

The skin, which acts as a barrier _____56____disease, toxins and the sun's harmful rays, is an essential part of your body. So if your skin gets burned, it can lead to very serious injuries. Depending on the _____57_____(deep) of skin damage, burns are divided into three types. First-degree burns only affects the top few millimeters of the skin. Second degree burns go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks _____58_____ (get) better. Third-degree burns affect every layer of the skin. They cause very severe internal _____59_____(injury).

The cool water stops the _____60_____( burn)process and reduces the pain and swelling. Remove any clothes using scissors _____61_____necessary, unless you see the fabric ____62____ (stick) to the burnt skin. ____63___ (apply) oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat and may cause _____64_____ (infect). If the victim is suffering _____65____ second or third-degree burns, he/she needs to be taken to the hospital at once.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）

假定你是李华，你的英国网友James邀请你为他的同学拍摄一条短视频，介绍你的高中校园生活。请用英语写一封回信。

内容包括：

1. 表示同意；

2. 计划拍摄的内容（1~2点）；

3. 邀请对方提建议。

注意：1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当増加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear James,

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Emily White came to the world 17 years ago, with so many birth problems in her body. Some of her organs, bones and muscles were out of shape. No one expected her to survive long. She did make it but with her strange body figure, everyone could recognize her, even from a distance.

In her hometown, a yearly outdoor performance was held in the school auditorium(礼堂). It had been performed for so many years and actually had become one of the most important events of the Christmas season for many of the town’s people.

Many people tried out each year for it, but so many were turned away. It can only include the most excellent people in the field.

Emily had a beautiful singing voice. Last year she went to Mrs. Owens—her music teacher to ask to join in the performance. Without letting her sing, Mrs. Owens took a glance at Emily’s body and said, “Child, you are just not suitable. Everyone would stare at you and that would make you uncomfortable. It would make them uncomfortable, too.”

    Without singing a single note, Emily was sent back through the door of the choral room. Hurt and upset, she decided never to try out again. But Mrs Owens then retired.

    This year, there came a new music teacher, Mr Butler. He heard about Emily and suggested that she have a try.

    Emily didn’t want to be rejected again, so she hesitated about it. As Emily struggled, the door was pushed open and Mr Butler called, “Emily, you’re next.” Kind of nervous as she was, Emily did as Mr Butler told her to. Mr Butler sat by the piano to accompany Emily on the piano. When Emily finished her testing performance, she thanked Mr Butler and knew the result would be posted on the door of the choral room the next day.

    Emily couldn’t sleep that night. She tossed and turned in bed one thousand times. She was suffering from the feelings that she didn’t fit and the great need to be accepted. By the next morning, her stomach was even in pain due to stress.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式作答。

Emily hurried to the choral room and anxiously glanced at the list on the door. _______________________

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Finally, the day of performance came. ________________________________ _______________________

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